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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the provision for income taxes was $37 thousand and $14.7 million, with effective income tax rates of 0.1% and 12.2%, respectively. The effective income tax rates were lower than the 21% federal statutory rate primarily due to the favorable tax rate differential realized on the 2019 net operating loss ("NOL") carryback and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company. Under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act"), enacted on March 27, 2020, the NOL generated in 2019 may be carried back up to five years, whereas under previous rules NOLs were only allowed to be carried forward. This allowed the Company to realize the benefit of the tax rate differential by carrying back the NOL to tax years when the federal statutory tax rate was 35% rather than the current rate of 21%. The majority of the NOL benefit was recorded in the third quarter when final tax return information was received from the Company's joint venture partners. These benefits to the effective tax rates for both periods were partially offset by state income taxes, the impact of cancelled stock options and the lower vested amounts or forfeiture of restricted stock units for which some or all of the share-based compensation expense recognized in prior periods is not deductible for income tax purposes.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized income tax expense of $5.6 million and an income tax benefit of $35.1 million, with effective income tax rates of 17.3% and 11.0%, respectively. The Company’s provision for income taxes and effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 were significantly impacted by the goodwill impairment charge of $379.9 million. Of the total goodwill impairment charge, approximately $209.5 million
pertained to goodwill that was not tax deductible and yielded permanent differences between book income and taxable income. The Company recognized a tax benefit totaling $50.4 million as a result of the impairment charge. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019 of 17.3% and the adjusted effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 of 25.1%, which excludes the goodwill impairment charge and associated tax benefit, were favorably impacted by earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company and tax return-to-provision adjustments. The nine-month period ended September 30, 2019 also included the unfavorable impact of expired stock options for which the share-based compensation expense recognized in prior periods will not be deductible for income taxes. The effective tax rates for both periods also include provisions for state income taxes, net of the federal benefit.