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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes (7)     Income Taxes

The Company’s effective income tax rate was 23.7% and 20.5% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. The effective income tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2020 primarily reflects the favorable impact of the 2019 net operating loss (“NOL”), which is allowed to be carried back up to five years as a result of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), enacted on March 27, 2020. Under the CARES Act, the Company’s NOL generated in 2019 may be carried back to tax years when the federal statutory tax rate was 35% rather than the current rate of 21%, consequently generating a larger tax benefit from the NOL due to the enactment of the CARES Act. The favorable impact resulting from the enactment of the CARES Act was partially offset by the unfavorable impact of the vesting of restricted stock units for which a large portion of the share-based compensation expense recognized in prior periods will not be deductible for income tax purposes. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the effective income tax rates differed from the federal statutory rate also as a result of state income taxes, with the increases partially offset by earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recognized income tax benefits of $42.9 million and $40.7 million, with effective income tax rates of 12.0% and 11.6%, respectively. The Company’s provisions for income taxes and effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 were significantly impacted by the goodwill impairment charge of $379.9 million. Of the total goodwill impairment charge, approximately $209.5 million pertained to goodwill that was not tax deductible and yielded permanent differences between book income and taxable income. The Company recognized a tax benefit totaling $50.4 million as a result of the impairment charge. The adjusted effective income tax rates, which exclude the tax benefit resulting from the goodwill impairment charge, were 34.7% and 34.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and primarily reflected the unfavorable impact of expired stock options for which the share-based compensation expense recognized in prior periods will not be deductible for income taxes. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the adjusted effective income tax rates were higher

than the federal statutory rate also as a result of state income taxes, with the increases partially offset by earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company.