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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

(7)     Income Taxes



The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 22.5% and 26.2%, respectively,  and 26.4% and 34.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. The effective tax rates for the 2018 periods reflect the reduction in the federal statutory income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018 as a result of the Tax Act and were favorably impacted by the release of tax liabilities as a result of expirations of statutes of limitations and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company, partially offset by unfavorable rate impacts of share-based compensation-related changes. The effective tax rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 were favorably impacted by the release of tax liabilities as a result of the expiration of statutes of limitations, earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests and favorable share-based compensation-related changes. The effective rates for the periods discussed above also reflect provisions for state income taxes.