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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

(4)     Income Taxes



The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was 26.4% and 34.1%, respectively, compared to 39.9% and 40.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. The effective tax rate for both of the 2017 periods was favorably impacted by the release of tax liabilities as a result of a statute expiration and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests for which income taxes are not the responsibility of the Company. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was also favorably impacted by the tax benefits associated with share-based compensation. During the first quarter of 2017, the Company recognized tax benefits associated with share-based compensation under the provisions of ASU 2016-09, Improvement to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, as discussed in Note 9. This tax benefit is the result of a greater tax deduction for share-based compensation expense for awards that vested or were exercised in the first quarter of 2017 relative to the share-based compensation expense recognized under GAAP for these same awards. The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2016 was favorably impacted by return-to-provision adjustments.