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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Jan. 28, 2012
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

        The Pep Boys—Manny, Moe & Jack and subsidiaries (the "Company") consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net sales, costs and expenses, as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and other related disclosures. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of the Company's assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and the Company includes any revisions to its estimates in the results for the period in which the actual amounts become known.

        The Company believes the significant accounting policies described below affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, these are the policies the Company believes are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating the historical consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

        BUSINESS    The Company operates in the U.S. automotive aftermarket, which has two general lines of business: (1) the Service business, defined as Do-It-For-Me, or "DIFM" (service labor, installed merchandise and tires) and (2) the Retail business, defined as Do-It-Yourself, or "DIY" (retail merchandise) and commercial. The Company's primary store format is the Supercenter, which serves both "DIFM" and "DIY" customers with the highest quality service offerings and merchandise. In 2009, as part of the Company's long-term strategy to lead with automotive service, the Company began complementing the existing Supercenter store base with Service & Tire Centers. These Service & Tire Centers are designed to capture market share and leverage the existing Supercenter and support infrastructure. The Company currently operates stores in 35 states and Puerto Rico.

        FISCAL YEAR END    The Company's fiscal year ends on the Saturday nearest to January 31. Fiscal 2011, which ended January 28, 2012, fiscal 2010, which ended January 29, 2011, and fiscal 2009 which ended January 30, 2010 were all comprised of 52 weeks.

        PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION    The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

        CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS    Cash equivalents include all short-term, highly liquid investments with an initial maturity of three months or less when purchased. All credit and debit card transactions that settle in less than seven days are also classified as cash and cash equivalents.

        ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE    Accounts receivable are primarily comprised of amounts due from commercial customers. The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon an evaluation of the credit worthiness of its customers. The allowance is reviewed for adequacy at least quarterly, and adjusted as necessary. Specific accounts are written off against the allowance when management determines the account is uncollectible.

        MERCHANDISE INVENTORIES    Merchandise inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. If the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method of costing inventory had been used by the Company, inventory would have been $536.4 million and $486.0 million as of January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011, respectively. During fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, the effect of LIFO layer liquidations on gross profit was immaterial.

        The Company's inventory consists primarily of automotive parts and accessories. Because of the relatively long lives of vehicles, along with the Company's historical experience of returning excess inventory to the Company's vendors for full credit, the risk of obsolescence is minimal. The Company establishes a reserve for excess inventory for instances where less than full credit will be received for such returns and where the Company anticipates items will be sold at retail prices that are less than recorded costs. The reserve is based on management's judgment, including estimates and assumptions regarding marketability of products, the market value of inventory to be sold in future periods and on historical experiences where the Company received less than full credit from vendors for product returns.

        The Company's reserve for excess inventory was $4.2 million and $5.4 million as of January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011, respectively. In fiscal 2010, the Company reduced its reserve for excess inventory by $5.9 million to $5.4 million from $11.3 million primarily due to improved inventory management, including timely return of excess product to vendors for credit. However, in future periods the company may be exposed to material losses should the company's vendors alter their policy with regard to accepting excess inventory returns.

        PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT    Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives: building and improvements, 5 to 40 years, and furniture, fixtures and equipment, 3 to 10 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated and the gain or loss, if any, is included in the determination of net income. Property and equipment information follows:

(dollar amounts in thousands)
  January 28,
2012
  January 29,
2011
 

Land

  $ 204,023   $ 204,023  

Buildings and improvements

    875,999     848,268  

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

    723,938     685,481  

Construction in progress

    3,279     8,781  

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

    (1,110,900 )   (1,045,572 )
           

Property and equipment—net

  $ 696,339   $ 700,981  
           

        GOODWILL    The Company tests the recorded amount of goodwill for recovery on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. Impairment reviews may also be triggered by any significant events or changes in circumstances affecting the Company's business.

        At fiscal year end 2011, the Company had six reporting units, of which three included goodwill. Goodwill impairment testing consists of a two-step process, if necessary. The first step is to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test must be performed in order to determine the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step compares the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount of reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess. The loss recognized cannot exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner that the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination is determined. The Company allocates the fair value of a reporting unit to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit, including intangible assets, as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination. Any excess of the value of a reporting unit over the amounts assigned to its assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill.

        There were no impairments as a result of the Company's annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011 or fiscal year 2010.

        LEASES    The Company amortizes leasehold improvements over the lesser of the lease term or the economic life of those assets. Generally, for stores the lease term is the base lease term and for distribution centers the lease term includes the base lease term plus certain renewal option periods for which renewal is reasonably assured and for which failure to exercise the renewal option would result in an economic penalty to the Company. The calculation of straight-line rent expense is based on the same lease term with consideration for step rent provisions, escalation clauses, rent holidays and other lease concessions. The Company begins expensing rent at the time the Company has the right to use the property.

        SOFTWARE CAPITALIZATION    The Company capitalizes certain direct development costs associated with internal-use software, including external direct costs of material and services, and payroll costs for employees devoting time to the software projects. These costs are amortized over a period not to exceed five years beginning when the asset is substantially ready for use. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, as well as maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred.

        TRADE PAYABLE PROGRAM LIABILITY    The Company has a trade payable program which is funded by various bank participants who have the ability, but not the obligation, to purchase account receivables owed by the Company directly from its vendors. The Company, in turn, makes the regularly scheduled full vendor payments to the bank participants. In the first quarter of fiscal 2011 as a result of the Company's review, the Company determined that the gross amount of borrowings and payments on the trade payable program shown on the statement of cash flows under "Cash flows from financing activities" included certain vendors that had not participated in the trade payable program. As such, the Company made an equal and offsetting adjustment to reduce the trade payables borrowings and payments line items within financing activities by $225.2 million and $90.3 million for the years ended January 29, 2011 and January 30, 2010, respectively. These adjustments have no net impact on net cash used in financing activities or on any other cash flow line items.

        INCOME TAXES    The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred income taxes are determined based upon enacted tax laws and rates applied to the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities.

        The Company recognizes taxes payable for the current year, as well as deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax returns. The Company must assess the likelihood that any recorded deferred tax assets will be recovered against future taxable income. To the extent the Company believes it is more likely than not that the asset will not be recoverable, a valuation allowance must be established. To the extent the Company establishes a valuation allowance or changes the allowance in a future period, income tax expense will be impacted.

        In evaluating income tax positions, the Company records liabilities for potential exposures. These tax liabilities are adjusted in the period actual developments give rise to such change. Those developments could be, but are not limited to, settlement of tax audits, expiration of the statute of limitations, and changes in the tax code and regulations, along with varying application of tax policy and administration within those jurisdictions. Refer to Note 8, "Income Taxes," for further discussion of income taxes and changes in unrecognized tax benefit during fiscal 2011.

        SALES TAXES    The Company presents sales net of sales taxes in its consolidated statements of operations.

        REVENUE RECOGNITION    The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of merchandise at the time the merchandise is sold and the product is delivered to the customer. Service revenues are recognized upon completion of the service. Service revenue consists of the labor charged for installing merchandise or maintaining or repairing vehicles, excluding the sale of any installed parts or materials. The Company records revenue net of an allowance for estimated future returns. The Company establishes reserves for sales returns and allowances based on current sales levels and historical return rates. Revenue from gift card sales is recognized upon gift card redemption. The Company's gift cards do not have expiration dates. The Company recognizes breakage on gift cards when, among other things, sufficient gift card history is available to estimate potential breakage and the Company determines there are no legal obligations to remit the value of unredeemed gift cards to the relevant jurisdictions. Estimated gift card breakage revenue is immaterial for all periods presented.

        In the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company launched a Customer Loyalty program. The program allows members to earn points for each qualifying purchase. Points earned allow members to receive a certificate that may be redeemed on future purchases within 90 days of issuance. The retail value of points earned by loyalty program members is included in accrued liabilities as deferred income and recorded as a reduction of revenue at the time the points are earned, based on the historic and projected rate of redemption. The Company recognizes deferred revenue and the cost of the free products distributed to loyalty program members when the awards are redeemed. The cost of the free products distributed to program members is recorded within costs of revenues.

        A portion of the Company's transactions includes the sale of auto parts that contain a core component. These components represent the recyclable portion of the auto part. Customers are not charged for the core component of the new part if a used core is returned at the point of sale of the new part; otherwise the Company charges customers a specified amount for the core component. The Company refunds that same amount upon the customer returning a used core to the store at a later date. The Company does not recognize sales or cost of sales for the core component of these transactions when a used part is returned by the customer at the point of sale.

        COSTS OF REVENUES    Costs of merchandise sales include the cost of products sold, buying, warehousing and store occupancy costs. Costs of service revenue include service center payroll and related employee benefits, service center occupancy costs and cost of providing free or discounted towing services to customers. Occupancy costs include utilities, rents, real estate and property taxes, repairs, maintenance, depreciation and amortization expenses.

        VENDOR SUPPORT FUNDS    The Company receives various incentives in the form of discounts and allowances from its vendors based on purchases or for services that the Company provides to the vendors. These incentives received from vendors include rebates, allowances and promotional funds and are generally based upon a percentage of the gross amount purchased. Funds are recorded when title of goods purchased have transferred to the Company as the amount is known and not contingent on future events. The amount of funds to be received are subject to vendor agreements and ongoing negotiations that may be impacted in the future based on changes in market conditions, vendor marketing strategies and changes in the profitability or sell-through of the related merchandise for the Company.

        Generally vendor support funds are earned based on purchases or product sales. These incentives are treated as a reduction of inventories and are recognized as a reduction to cost of sales as the inventories are sold. Certain vendor allowances are used exclusively for promotions and to offset certain other direct expenses if the Company determines the allowances are for specific, identifiable incremental expenses. Vendor support funds, which reduced advertising expense, amounted to $2.5 million for the year ended January 28, 2012, and were immaterial for all other periods presented.

        WARRANTY RESERVE    The Company provides warranties for both its merchandise sales and service labor. Warranties for merchandise are generally covered by the respective vendors, with the Company covering any costs above the vendor's stipulated allowance. Service labor is warranted in full by the Company for a limited specific time period. The Company establishes its warranty reserves based on historical experience. These costs are included in either costs of merchandise sales or costs of service revenue in the consolidated statement of operations.

        The reserve for warranty activity for the years ended January 28, 2012 and January 29, 2011, respectively, are as follows:

(dollar amounts in thousands)
   
 

Balance, January 30, 2010

  $ 694  

Additions related to sales in the current year

    12,261  

Warranty costs incurred in the current year

    (12,282 )
       

Balance, January 29, 2011

    673  

Additions related to sales in the current year

    12,122  

Warranty costs incurred in the current year

    (12,122 )
       

Balance, January 28,2012

  $ 673  
       

        ADVERTISING    The Company expenses the costs of advertising the first time the advertising takes place. Gross advertising expense for fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $54.9 million, $57.5 million and $52.6 million, respectively, and is recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. No advertising costs were recorded as assets as of January 28, 2012 or January 29, 2011.

        STORE OPENING COSTS    The costs of opening new stores are expensed as incurred.

        IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS    The Company evaluates the ability to recover long-lived assets whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. In the event assets are impaired, losses are recognized to the extent the carrying value exceeds fair value. In addition, the Company reports assets to be disposed of at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair market value less selling costs. See discussion of current year impairments in Note 11, "Store Closures and Asset Impairments."

        EARNINGS PER SHARE    Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year plus incremental shares that would have been outstanding upon the assumed exercise of dilutive stock based compensation awards.

        DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS    The Company's discontinued operations reflect the operating results for closed stores where the customer base could not be maintained. Loss from discontinued operations relates to expenses for previously closed stores and principally includes costs for rent, taxes, payroll, repairs and maintenance, asset impairments, and gains or losses on disposal.

        ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION    At January 28, 2012, the Company has two stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described in Note 14, "Equity Compensation Plans." Compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions are recognized in the financial statements. The cost is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee's requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity award).

        COMPREHENSIVE LOSS    Other comprehensive loss includes pension liability and fair market value of cash flow hedges.

        DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES    The Company may enter into interest rate swap agreements to hedge the exposure to increasing rates with respect to its certain variable rate debt agreements. The Company recognizes all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measures those instruments at fair value.

        SEGMENT INFORMATION    The Company has six operating segments defined by geographic regions which are Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast, Central, West and Southern CA. Each segment serves both DIY and DIFM lines of business. The Company aggregates all of its operating segments and has one reportable segment. Sales by major product categories are as follows:

 
  Year ended  
(dollar amounts in thousands)
  January 28,
2012
  January 29,
2011
  January 30,
2010
 

Parts and accessories

  $ 1,259,500   $ 1,261,678   $ 1,219,396  

Tires

    383,257     336,490     314,223  

Service labor

    420,870     390,473     377,319  
               

Total revenues

  $ 2,063,627   $ 1,988,641   $ 1,910,938  
               

        SIGNIFICANT SUPPLIERS    During fiscal 2011, the Company's ten largest suppliers accounted for approximately 52% of merchandise purchased. No single supplier accounted for more than 21% of the Company's purchases. Other than a commitment to purchase 4.2 million units of oil products at various prices over a two-year period, the Company has no long-term contracts or minimum purchase commitments under which the Company is required to purchase merchandise. Open purchase orders are based on current inventory or operational needs and are fulfilled by vendors within short periods of time and generally are not binding agreements.

        SELF INSURANCE    The Company has risk participation arrangements with respect to workers' compensation, general liability, automobile liability, and other casualty coverages. The Company has a wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary through which it reinsures this retained exposure. This subsidiary uses both risk sharing treaties and third party insurance to manage this exposure. In addition, the Company self insures certain employee-related health care benefit liabilities. The Company maintains stop loss coverage with third party insurers through which it reinsures certain of its casualty and health care benefit liabilities. The Company records both liabilities and reinsurance receivables using actuarial methods utilized in the insurance industry based upon historical claims experience.

        RECLASSIFICATION    Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported totals for assets, liabilities, shareholders' equity, cash flows or net income.

RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

        In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2010-06 "Fair Value Measurements—Improving Disclosures on Fair Value Measurements" ("ASU 2010-06"). This guidance requires new disclosures surrounding transfers in and out of level 1 or 2 in the fair value hierarchy and also requires that the reconciliation of level 3 inputs includes separately reported information on purchases, sales, issuances and settlements. The increased disclosures should be reported for each class of assets or liabilities. ASU 2010-06 also clarifies existing disclosures for the level of disaggregating, disclosures about valuation techniques and inputs used to determine level 2 or 3 fair value measurements and includes conforming amendments to the guidance on employers' disclosures about postretirement benefit plan assets. ASU 2010-06 was effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009 except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances or settlements in the roll forward activity for level 3 fair value measurements which are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

        In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29 "Business Combinations (Topic 805)—Disclosure of Supplementary Pro Forma Information for Business Combinations" (ASU 2010-29). This accounting standard update clarifies that SEC registrants presenting comparative financial statements should disclose in their pro forma information revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the current period business combinations had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. The update also expands the supplemental pro forma disclosures to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. ASU 2010-29 is effective prospectively for material (either on an individual or aggregate basis) business combinations entered into in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2010 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2010-29 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

        In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)—Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs" ("ASU 2011-04"), which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. This guidance amends certain accounting and disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. The Company does not believe the adoption of ASU 2011-04 will have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

        In June of 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, "Presentation of Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2011-05"). ASU 2011-05 was issued to improve the comparability of financial reporting between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards, and eliminates previous U.S. GAAP guidance that allowed an entity to present components of other comprehensive income ("OCI") as part of its statement of changes in shareholders' equity. With the issuance of ASU 2011-05, companies are now required to report all components of OCI either in a single continuous statement of total comprehensive income, which includes components of both OCI and net income, or in a separate statement appearing consecutively with the statement of income. ASU 2011-05 does not affect current guidance for the accounting of the components of OCI, or which items are included within total comprehensive income, and is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. On December 23, 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, which indefinitely defers the provision in ASU 2011-05 that required entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statements in which net income is presented and the statement in which OCI is presented. The other provisions in ASU 2011-05 are unaffected by the deferral. The application of this guidance affects presentation only and therefore is not expected to have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

        In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)—Testing Goodwill for Impairment" ("ASU 2011-08"). The new guidance provides entities with the option to perform a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount before applying the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test. If an entity concludes that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it would not be required to perform the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test. Entities also have the option to bypass the assessment of qualitative factors for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the quantitative two-step goodwill impairment test, as was required prior to the issuance of this new guidance. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not believe the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have a material impact on the consolidated results of operations and financial condition.