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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Stock Based Compensation Plans [Abstract]  
Income Statement Impact from Stock Options
Years Ended December 31,
201820172016
Compensation expense$64$79$87
Future income tax benefit recognized131729
Share based compensation fair value assumptions
Years Ended December 31,
201820172016
Weighted average fair value per share of options
granted during the year(1)$23.63$16.68$15.59
Assumptions:
Expected annual dividend yield 2.49%2.81%2.92%
Expected volatility 18.93%18.96%23.07%
Risk-free rate of return 2.71%2.02%1.29%
Expected option term (years) 4.955.044.97
(1) Estimated on date of grant using Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
Stock Options Activity
Weighted
Average
Number ofExercise
OptionsPrice
Outstanding at December 31, 201530,569,438$70.76
Granted6,281,053103.51
Exercised(7,075,852)57.41
Lapsed or canceled(1,107,339)96.81
Outstanding at December 31, 201628,667,30079.57
Granted5,098,569125.16
Exercised(8,840,019)62.34
Lapsed or canceled(1,516,557)109.04
Outstanding at December 31, 201723,409,29394.16
Spin related adjustment(1)989,158
Granted3,303,722148.48
Exercised(3,399,375)78.29
Lapsed or canceled(1,824,217)123.01
Outstanding at December 31, 201822,478,581$97.83
Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2018(2)21,590,740$96.27
Exercisable at December 31, 201814,073,120$83.42
(1) Additional options granted to offset the dilutive impact of the spin-offs on outstanding options.
(2) Represents the sum of vested options of 14.1 million and expected to vest options of 7.5 million. Expected to vest options are derived by applying the pre-vesting forfeiture rate assumption to total outstanding unvested options of 8.6 million.
Schedule of share based compensation by price ranges
Options OutstandingOptions Exercisable
WeightedWeighted
WeightedAverageAggregateAverageAggregate
Range of NumberAverageExerciseIntrinsicNumberExerciseIntrinsic
Exercise pricesOutstandingLife(1)PriceValueExercisablePriceValue
$27.00-$64.993,225,1422.47$53.34$2543,225,142$53.34$254
$65.00-$89.994,788,2044.7279.222534,788,20479.22253
$90.00-$99.997,614,1906.6998.802544,885,31498.82163
$100.00-$134.994,155,3898.12119.20541,155,376118.6716
$135.00-$156.002,695,6569.17148.45-19,084148.79-
22,478,5816.2397.83$81514,073,120$83.42$686
(1) Average remaining contractual life in years.
Financial Statement Impact From Stock Options Exercised
Years Ended December 31,
Options Exercised201820172016
Intrinsic value(1)$238$620$395
Tax benefit realized47221137
(1) Represents the amount by which the stock price exceeded the exercise price of the options on the date of exercise.
Restricted stock units activity
Weighted
Average
Number ofGrant Date
RestrictedFair Value
Stock UnitsPer Share
Non-vested at December 31, 20154,981,588$82.18
Granted1,364,469110.49
Vested(1,486,173)68.58
Forfeited(392,541)88.88
Non-vested at December 31, 20164,467,34394.17
Granted1,274,791129.71
Vested(1,289,892)81.37
Forfeited(505,415)103.06
Non-vested at December 31, 20173,946,827108.60
Spin related adjustment (1)154,346
Granted1,360,338153.46
Vested(988,787)91.68
Forfeited(814,851)117.40
Non-vested at December 31, 20183,657,873$125.35
(1) Additional RSU grants to offset the dilutive impact of the spin-offs on non-vested RSUs.
Income Statement Impact from RSUs
Years Ended December 31,
201820172016
Compensation expense$111$97$97
Future income tax benefit recognized211930