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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements And Changes In Accounting Principles [Abstract]  
Recent Accounting Pronouncements [Text Block]

Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs) issued by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on our consolidated result of operations, financial position and cash flows (Consolidated Financial Statements).

In May 2014, and in following related amendments, the FASB issued guidance on revenue from contracts with customers that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include capitalization of certain contract costs, consideration of time value of money in the transaction price, and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. The guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers.

The effective date is for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2017. The guidance permits the use of either a full retrospective or modified retrospective transition method. We will adopt the requirements of the new standard effective January 1, 2018 and expect to use the modified retrospective transition method with the cumulative effect to the opening balance of retained earnings recognized as of the date of initial adoption. We believe we are following an appropriate timeline to allow for proper recognition, presentation and disclosure upon adoption, including the related impacts to internal controls.

The Company's evaluation of the new standard is substantially complete and the Company has prepared an initial assessment of the impacts of adoption on its Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures. The FASB has issued, and may issue in the future, interpretive guidance which may cause our evaluation to change. We will continue to evaluate the adoption impact of the new standard, including as it relates to new contracts that will be recognized following adoption. Based on the evaluation of our current contracts and revenue streams, recognition will be mostly consistent under both the current and new standard. However, we expect the guidance in certain areas, particularly in our Aerospace segment, to impact our current revenue recognition policies.

The current accounting policy for costs incurred for nonrecurring engineering and development activities of our Aerospace products under agreements with commercial customers is generally to record the expense as incurred. Any customer funding received for such efforts is recognized when earned as a reduction of cost of sales. Following adoption of the new standard, the customer funding will generally be classified as revenue and not as a reduction of cost of sales. Such revenue will be deferred and subsequently recognized as products are delivered to the customers. Additionally, under the new guidance, expenses incurred, up to the customer agreed funded amount, will be deferred as an asset and subsequently recognized as cost of sales also when products are delivered to the customer. Hence, the new guidance will result in an increase in deferred costs (asset) and deferred revenue (liability) on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, however, we expect this to result in no net impact to income before taxes.

In addition, we expect revenues for our mechanical service programs at our Aerospace business to be impacted. Our current policy is to recognize revenue over time as costs are incurred (input method). Following adoption, we will continue to recognize revenue over time, but recognition will reflect a series of distinct services using the output method. This change will result in certain unbilled receivables or deferred revenue being eliminated through retained earnings, but we do not expect a material impact.

We do not currently expect the new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. We expect the new standard will have no cash impact and, as such, does not affect the economics of our underlying customer contracts. The disclosures in our notes to Consolidated Financial Statements related to revenue recognition will be significantly expanded under the new standard, specifically around the quantitative and qualitative information about performance obligations, changes in contract assets and liabilities, and disaggregation of revenue.

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance on accounting for leases which requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The guidance requires enhanced disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases that will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We expect to adopt the requirements of the new standard effective January 1, 2019. The guidance requires the use of a modified retrospective approach. We are currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and related notes to financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standard update which requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, at the time the entity transfer occurs rather than when the asset is ultimately transferred to a third party, as required under current U.S. GAAP. The guidance is intended to reduce diversity in practice, particularly for transfers involving intellectual property. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 with early adoption permitted. We expect to adopt the accounting standard update as of January 1, 2018. The guidance requires application on a modified retrospective basis. The impact upon adoption will result in an increase to deferred tax assets and liabilities, with the corresponding offset recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the adoption period. Based on our assessment to date of historical transactions, we currently expect the impact to be up to an increase in deferred tax assets of approximately $500 million with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings of the same amount. We continue to evaluate the impact of this accounting standard update, and this estimated impact may change based on the finalization of our assessment and any new transactions prior to adoption of this guidance.

In March 2017, the FASB issued guidance on presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. The new standard requires that an employer disaggregate the service cost component of net benefit cost. The employer will be required to report the service cost component in the same line item or items in the statement of operations as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost will be required to be presented in the statement of operations separately from the service cost component, such as in other income and expense. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. This guidance will impact the presentation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. Our current presentation of the service cost component is consistent with the requirements of the new standard. However, upon our adoption of the new standard, we expect to present the other components within Other (income) expense (we currently present the other components within Cost of products and services sold and Selling, general, and administrative expenses). All components will continue to be excluded from Segment Profit (see Note 10 Segment Financial Data).

In August 2017, the FASB issued amendments to hedge accounting guidance. These amendments are intended to better align a company's risk management strategies and financial reporting for hedging relationships. Under the new guidance, more hedging strategies will be eligible for hedge accounting and the application of hedge accounting is simplified. In addition, the new guidance amends presentation and disclosure requirements. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted, including the interim periods within those years. The guidance requires the use of a modified retrospective approach. We are currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on our consolidated financial statements and whether we will early adopt this guidance.