Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Summary of Provision for Income Taxes from Continuing Operations

The following table summarizes our provision for income taxes for the periods presented:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Current income tax expense (benefit)
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	(1,236)
State	764		311		357
Total current income tax expense (benefit)	764		311		(879)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Federal	—		—		1,236
State	3,422		1,249		(2,660)
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)	3,422		1,249		(1,424)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	4,186	$	1,560	$	(2,303)

Income Taxes Reconciliation

The following table reconciles the difference between the income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the statutory tax rate to our income (loss) before income taxes and our reported income tax expense (benefit) for the periods presented:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
Tax computed at federal statutory rate	$	98,428	21.0	%	$	21,100	21.0	%	$	(65,701)	21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	4,186		0.9	%	1,560		1.6	%	(1,856)		0.6	%
Change in valuation allowance	(44,070)		(9.4)	%	(9,348)		(9.3)	%	64,062		(20.5)	%
Noncontrolling interest	(52,299)		(11.2)	%	(12,501)		(12.4)	%	—		—	%
Other, net	(2,059)		(0.4)	%	749		0.7	%	1,192		(0.4)	%
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	4,186	0.9	%	$	1,560	1.6	%	$	(2,303)	0.7	%

Summary of Principal Components of Net Deferred Income Tax Liability

The following table summarizes the principal components of our deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of the dates presented:


	December 31,
	2022		2021
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards	$	194,819	$	203,243


Asset retirement obligations	66		63
Property and equipment	27,530		24,585


Fair value of derivative instruments	310		493
Interest expense limitation	13,443		13,747

Other	—		18
Total deferred tax assets	236,168		242,149
Less: Valuation allowance	(158,017)		(205,617)
Total net deferred tax assets	$	78,151	$	36,532
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment	$	6,592	$	3,357
Investment in the Partnership	77,713		35,968
Other	62		—

Total deferred tax liabilities	$	84,367	$	39,325

Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(6,216)	$	(2,793)