Long-Term Debt

The following table summarizes our debt obligations as of the dates presented:



	March 31, 2019					December 31, 2018
	Principal			Unamortized Discount and Deferred Issuance Costs ^{1, 2}		Principal			Unamortized Discount and Deferred Issuance Costs ^{1, 2}
Credit facility	$	325,000				$	321,000
Second lien term loan	200,000			$	9,081	200,000			$	9,625
Totals	525,000			$	9,081	521,000			$	9,625
Less: Unamortized discount	(2,979		)			(3,159		)
Less: Unamortized deferred issuance costs	(6,102		)			(6,466		)
Long-term debt, net	$	515,919				$	511,375

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¹	Issuance costs of the Credit Facility, which represent costs attributable to the access to credit over its contractual term, have been presented as a component of Other assets (see Note 10) and are being amortized over the term of the Credit Facility using the straight-line method.

² Discount and issuance costs of the Second Lien Facility are being amortized over the term of the underlying loan using the effective-interest method.

Credit Facility

The Credit Facility provides a $1.0 billion revolving commitment and $500 million borrowing base and a $25 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. In May 2019, the borrowing base was increased to $500 million from $450 million pursuant to the Borrowing Base Increase Agreement and Amendment No. 6 to the Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”). In May 2019, we incurred and capitalized approximately $2.5 million of issue and other costs associated with the Sixth Amendment. Availability under the Credit Facility may not exceed the lesser of the aggregate commitments or the borrowing base. The borrowing base under the Credit Facility is redetermined semi-annually generally in April and October of each year. Additionally, the Credit Facility lenders may, at their discretion, initiate a redetermination at any time during the six-month period between scheduled redeterminations. The Credit Facility is available to us for general corporate purposes, including working capital. We had $0.4 million in letters of credit outstanding as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

In connection with the Sixth Amendment, maturity of the Credit Facility has been extended to May 2024 from September 2020; provided that in June 2022, unless we have either extended the maturity date of our $200 million Second Lien Credit Agreement dated as of September 29, 2017 (the “Second Lien Facility”) described below to a date that is at least 91 days after the extended maturity date of May 2024 or have repaid our Second Lien Facility in full, the maturity date of the Credit Facility will mean June 2022. Prior to entry into the Sixth Amendment, we received consent from requisite lenders of our Second Lien Facility to extend the maturity of our Credit Facility to May 2024.

The outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either (a) a customary reference rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.50% to 1.50% (2.00% to 3.00% prior to May 2019), determined based on the average availability under the Credit Facility or (b) a customary London interbank offered rate (“LIBOR”) plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.50% (3.00% to 4.00% prior to May 2019), determined based on the average availability under the Credit Facility. Interest on reference rate borrowings is payable quarterly in arrears and is computed on the basis of a year of 365/366 days, and interest on LIBOR borrowings is payable every one, three or six months, at our election, and is computed on the basis of a year of 360 days. As of March 31, 2019, the actual weighted-average interest rate on the outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility was 6.00%. Unused commitment fees are charged at a rate of 0.375% to 0.50%, depending upon utilization.

The Credit Facility is guaranteed by us and all of our subsidiaries (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The guarantees under the Credit Facility are full and unconditional and joint and several. Substantially all of our consolidated assets are held by the Guarantor Subsidiaries. There are no significant restrictions on our ability or any of the Guarantor Subsidiaries to obtain funds through dividends, advances or loans. The obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of our assets.

Prior to May 2019, the Credit Facility required us to maintain (1) a minimum interest coverage ratio (adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, depletion, amortization and exploration expenses as defined in the Credit Facility (“EBITDAX”) to adjusted interest expense), measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter, of 3.00 to 1.00, (2) a minimum current ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility, which considers the unused portion of the total commitment as a current asset), measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of 1.00 to 1.00, and (3) a maximum leverage ratio (consolidated indebtedness to EBITDAX), measured as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of 3.50 to 1.00. Effective May 2019, the Credit Facility requires us to maintain (1) a minimum current ratio of 1.00 to 1.00 and (2) a maximum leverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00, both as defined in the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including as to compliance with laws (including environmental laws, ERISA and anti-corruption laws), maintenance of required insurance, delivery of quarterly and annual financial statements, oil and gas engineering reports and budgets, maintenance and operation of property (including oil and gas properties), restrictions on the incurrence of liens and indebtedness, merger, consolidation or sale of assets, payment of dividends, and transactions with affiliates and other customary covenants.

Effective May 2019, the Sixth Amendment provided for the addition of an unlimited restricted payment basket, subject to (i) no default or event of default, (ii) pro forma leverage, after giving effect to the restricted payment, not exceeding 2.75 to 1.00 and (iii) pro forma availability no less than 20 percent of the borrowing base.

The Credit Facility contains customary events of default and remedies for credit facilities of this nature. If we do not comply with the financial and other covenants in the Credit Facility, the lenders may, subject to customary cure rights, require immediate payment of all amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility.

As of March 31, 2019, and through the date upon which the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were issued, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under the Credit Facility.

Second Lien Facility

On September 29, 2017, we entered into the Second Lien Facility. We received net proceeds of $187.8 million from the Second Lien Facility net of an original issue discount (“OID”) of $4.0 million and issue costs of $8.2 million. The proceeds from the Second Lien Facility were used concurrently to fund a significant acquisition and related fees and expenses. The maturity date under the Second Lien Facility is September 29, 2022.

The outstanding borrowings under the Second Lien Facility bear interest at a rate equal to, at our option, either (a) a customary reference rate based on the prime rate plus an applicable margin of 6.00% or (b) a customary LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin of 7.00%. As of March 31, 2019, the actual interest rate of outstanding borrowings under the Second Lien Facility was 9.50%. Amounts under the Second Lien Facility were borrowed at a price of 98% with an initial interest rate of 8.34%, resulting in an effective interest rate of 9.89%. Interest on reference rate borrowings is payable quarterly in arrears and is computed on the basis of a year of 365/366 days, and interest on eurocurrency borrowings is payable every one or three months (including in three-month intervals if we select a six-month interest period), at our election and is computed on the basis of a 360-day year. We have the right, to the extent permitted under the Credit Facility and an intercreditor agreement between the lenders under the Credit Facility and the lenders under the Second Lien Facility, to prepay loans under the Second Lien Facility at any time, subject to the following prepayment premiums (in addition to customary “breakage” costs with respect to eurocurrency loans): during year one, a customary “make-whole” premium; during year two, 102% of the amount being prepaid; during year three, 101% of the amount being prepaid; and thereafter, no premium. The Second Lien Facility also provides for the following prepayment premiums in the event of a change in control that results in an offer of prepayment that is accepted by the lenders under the Second Lien Facility: during years one and two, 102% of the amount being prepaid; during year three, 101% of the amount being prepaid; and thereafter, no premium.

The Second Lien Facility is collateralized by substantially all of the Company’s and its subsidiaries’ assets with lien priority subordinated to the liens securing the Credit Facility. The obligations under the Second Lien Facility are guaranteed by us and the Guarantor Subsidiaries.

The Second Lien Facility has no financial covenants, but contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including as to compliance with laws (including environmental laws, ERISA and anti-corruption laws), maintenance of required insurance, delivery of quarterly and annual financial statements, oil and gas engineering reports and budgets, maintenance and operation of property (including oil and gas properties), restrictions on the incurrence of liens and indebtedness, merger, consolidation or sale of assets, payment of dividends and transactions with affiliates and other customary covenants.

As illustrated in the table above, the OID and issue costs of the Second Lien Facility are presented as reductions to the outstanding term loans. These costs are subject to amortization using the interest method over the five-year term of the Second Lien Facility.

As of March 31, 2019, and through the date upon which the Consolidated Financial Statements were issued, we were in compliance with all of the covenants under the Second Lien Facility.