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Revenue (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2019

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements Impacts on Balance Sheet and Statements of Comprehensive Income

During the first quarter of 2019, we adopted the following ASUs with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements:



ASU	Topic	Method of Adoption
2016-01	Financial Instruments	Modified retrospective
2016-15	Statement of Cash Flows — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments	Retrospective
2016-16	Income Taxes — Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory	Modified retrospective
2016-18	Statement of Cash Flows — Restricted Cash	Retrospective
2017-07	Compensation — Retirement Benefits	Retrospective
2017-09	Compensation — Stock Compensation	Prospective
2018-02	Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income: Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Early adopted; we elected not to reclassify any stranded tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) due to the insignificance of the amount remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”).
2018-04	Investments — Debt Securities	Adopted in conjunction with ASU 2016-01



(in millions)	Balance at October 31, 2018		Adjustments Due to Adoption of Topic 606			Balance at November 1, 2018
ASSETS
Current assets
Trade accounts receivable, net	$	1,014.1	$	(40.1	)	$	974.0
Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed	—		40.1			40.1
Other current assets	37.0		3.6			40.6
Other noncurrent assets	109.6		11.5			121.1

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities
Other accrued liabilities	$	152.7	$	6.0		$	158.9
Deferred income tax liability, net	37.8		2.6			40.3
Retained earnings	771.2		6.5			777.6

The impact of adopting Topic 606 on our unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2019 was as follows:



	As of July 31, 2019
(in millions)	Under Historical Guidance		Effect of Adoption		As Reported
ASSETS
Current assets
Other current assets	$	44.0	$	9.5	$	53.5
Other noncurrent assets	108.0		12.2		120.2

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities
Other accrued liabilities	$	159.9	$	6.6	$	166.4
Deferred income tax liability, net	30.7		0.9		31.6
Retained earnings	806.2		14.3		820.5

The impacts of adopting Topic 606 and Topic 853 on our unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2019 were as follows:



	Three Months Ended July 31, 2019							Nine Months Ended July 31, 2019
(in millions, except per share amounts)	Under Historical Guidance		Effect of Adoption			As Reported		Under Historical Guidance		Effect of Adoption			As Reported
Revenues	$	1,661.0	$	(13.1	)	$	1,647.9	$	4,887.1	$	(36.5	)	$	4,850.6
Operating expenses	1,466.6		(12.5		)	1,454.1		4,350.3		(36.1		)	4,314.2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	121.9		(2.2		)	119.8		347.5		(6.6		)	340.9
Income tax provision	8.1		0.4			8.5		24.2		1.6			25.8
Net income	35.6		1.2			36.8		74.8		4.6			79.4

Net income per common share — Basic	$	0.53	$	0.02		$	0.55	$	1.13	$	0.07		$	1.19
Net income per common share — Diluted	$	0.53	$	0.02		$	0.55	$	1.12	$	0.07		$	1.19

Revenue from External Customers by Major Service Lines and Segments



	Three Months Ended July 31, 2019
(in millions)	B&I		Aviation		T&M		Education		Technical Solutions		Total
Major Service Line
Janitorial⁽¹⁾	$	576.9	$	32.4	$	184.2	$	191.4	$	—	$	985.0
Parking⁽²⁾	129.5		83.6		6.3		0.7		—		220.1
Facility Services⁽³⁾	101.4		18.5		36.5		23.3		—		179.6
Building & Energy Solutions⁽⁴⁾	—		—		—		—		165.7		165.7
Airline Services⁽⁵⁾	0.1		128.8		—		—		—		128.9
	$	807.9	$	263.3	$	226.9	$	215.4	$	165.7	$	1,679.3
Elimination of inter-segment revenues											(31.3		)
Total											$	1,647.9



	Nine Months Ended July 31, 2019
(in millions)	B&I		Aviation		T&M		Education		Technical Solutions		Total
Major Service Line
Janitorial⁽¹⁾	$	1,738.2	$	94.0	$	554.4	$	566.8	$	—	$	2,953.4
Parking⁽²⁾	383.3		253.7		19.6		2.3		—		658.8
Facility Services⁽³⁾	322.5		54.5		113.2		64.6		—		554.7
Building & Energy Solutions⁽⁴⁾	—		—		—		—		417.7		417.7
Airline Services⁽⁵⁾	0.5		363.7		0.1		—		—		364.2
	$	2,444.5	$	765.8	$	687.3	$	633.6	$	417.7	$	4,948.9
Elimination of inter-segment revenues											(98.3		)
Total											$	4,850.6

⁽¹⁾Janitorial arrangements provide a wide range of essential cleaning services for commercial office buildings, airports and other transportation centers, educational institutions, government buildings, health facilities, industrial buildings, retail stores, and stadiums and arenas.

⁽²⁾ Parking arrangements provide parking and transportation services for clients at various locations, including airports and other transportation centers, commercial office buildings, educational institutions, health facilities, hotels, and stadiums and arenas. Certain of our management reimbursement, leased, and allowance location arrangements are considered service concession agreements and are accounted for under the guidance of Topic 853. For the three and nine months ended July 31, 2019, rent expense related to service concession arrangements, previously recorded within operating expenses, has been recorded as a reduction of the related parking service revenues.

⁽³⁾ Facility Services arrangements provide onsite mechanical engineering and technical services and solutions relating to a broad range of facilities and infrastructure systems that are designed to extend the useful life of facility fixed assets, improve equipment operating efficiencies, reduce energy consumption, lower overall operational costs for clients, and enhance the sustainability of client locations.

⁽⁴⁾ Building & Energy Solutions arrangements provide custom energy solutions, electrical, HVAC, lighting, and other general maintenance and repair services for clients in the public and private sectors. We also franchise certain operations under franchise agreements relating to our Linc Network and TEGG brands.

⁽⁵⁾ Airline Services arrangements support airlines and airports with services such as passenger assistance, catering logistics, and airplane cabin maintenance.

Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The following tables present the balances in our contract assets and contract liabilities:



(in millions)	July 31, 2019		November 1, 2018
Contract assets
Billed trade receivables⁽¹⁾	$	1,018.0	$	918.9
Unbilled trade receivables⁽¹⁾	65.9		74.3
Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed⁽²⁾	68.4		40.1
Capitalized commissions⁽³⁾	21.8		15.1

⁽¹⁾Included in trade accounts receivable, net, on the consolidated balance sheets. The fluctuation correlates directly to the execution of new customer contracts and to invoicing and collections from customers in the normal course of business.

⁽²⁾Increase is primarily due to the timing of payments on our contracts measured using the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition.

⁽³⁾Included in other current assets and other noncurrent assets on the consolidated balance sheets. During the nine months ended July 31, 2019, we capitalized $13.0 million of new costs and amortized $6.3 million of previously capitalized costs. There was no impairment loss recorded on the costs capitalized.



(in millions)	Nine Months Ended July 31, 2019
Contract liabilities⁽¹⁾
Balance at beginning of period	$	41.7
Additional contract liabilities	294.9
Recognition of deferred revenue	(294.4		)
Balance at end of period	$	42.3

⁽¹⁾ Included in other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.