10-Q 1 abm430201710q.htm 10-Q Document


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
__________________________
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended April 30, 2017
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File Number: 1-8929 
finala02a05a02a09.jpg
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
abmcollabicona09.jpg
94-1369354
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
__________________________
One Liberty Plaza, 7th Floor
New York, New York 10006
(Address of principal executive offices)

(212) 297-0200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
__________________________






Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ    No  o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ    No  o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
þ
Accelerated filer
¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨
Smaller reporting company
¨
Emerging growth company
¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   Yes   o  No þ
Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of June 1, 2017: 55,769,642
 



ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Item 5. Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits
SIGNATURES


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q contains both historical and forward-looking statements regarding ABM Industries Incorporated (“ABM”) and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”). We make forward-looking statements related to future expectations, estimates, and projections that are uncertain and often contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “predict,” “should,” “target,” or other similar words or phrases. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Particular risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to be materially different from those expressed in our forward-looking statements include:
•
changes to our businesses, operating structure, financial reporting structure, or personnel relating to the implementation of our 2020 Vision strategic transformation initiative;
•
unfavorable developments in our class and representative actions and other lawsuits alleging various claims;
•
increases in estimates of ultimate insurance losses;
•
challenges implementing our risk management and safety programs;
•
uncertainty in future cash flows;
•
challenges preserving long-term client relationships, passing through costs to clients, responding to competitive pressures, and retaining qualified personnel;
•
challenges in identifying, acquiring, and integrating businesses;
•
unexpected tax liabilities or changes in tax laws;
•
changes in energy prices or energy regulations;
•
deterioration of general economic conditions and reductions in commercial office building occupancy;
•
impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets;
•
changes in immigration laws or enforcement actions or investigations under such laws;
•
significant delays or reductions in appropriations for our government contracts;
•
failure of our joint venture partners to perform their obligations;
•losses or other incidents at facilities in which we operate;
•
difficulty responding to cyber-security incidents and business interruptions;
•
liabilities associated with participation in multiemployer pension plans;
•
actions of activist investors;
•
operations in areas of military conflict; and
•
weather conditions, catastrophic events, and terrorist attacks.
The list of factors above is illustrative and by no means exhaustive. Additional information regarding these and other risks and uncertainties we face is contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2016 and in other reports we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (including all amendments to those reports).
We urge readers to consider these risks and uncertainties in evaluating our forward-looking statements. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.

1


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
55.7

 
$
53.5

Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances of $17.7
   and $15.9 at April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, respectively
851.8

 
803.7

Prepaid expenses
72.1

 
68.0

Other current assets
30.6

 
30.0

Assets held for sale
51.1

 
36.1

Total current assets
1,061.3

 
991.3

Other investments
19.0

 
17.4

Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $177.9
   and $163.4 at April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, respectively
96.4

 
81.8

Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $168.7
   and $157.0 at April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, respectively
101.5

 
103.8

Goodwill
924.8

 
912.8

Deferred income taxes, net
76.9

 
37.4

Other noncurrent assets
114.3

 
134.3

Total assets
$
2,394.2

 
$
2,278.8

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Trade accounts payable
$
191.1

 
$
174.3

Accrued compensation
116.5

 
130.7

Accrued taxes—other than income
51.4

 
40.6

Insurance claims
93.1

 
92.2

Income taxes payable
10.5

 
6.3

Legal settlements from discontinued operations
121.8

 
—

Other accrued liabilities
138.4

 
135.9

Liabilities held for sale
17.3

 
16.8

Total current liabilities
740.1

 
596.8

Noncurrent income taxes payable
34.1

 
33.4

Line of credit
277.9

 
268.3

Deferred income tax liability, net
3.3

 
3.5

Noncurrent insurance claims
346.4

 
331.6

Other noncurrent liabilities
54.8

 
71.2

Total liabilities
1,456.6

 
1,304.8

Commitments and contingencies
—

 
—

Stockholders’ Equity
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 500,000 shares authorized; none issued
—

 
—

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized;
55,759,780 and 55,599,322 shares issued and outstanding at
April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, respectively
0.6

 
0.6

Additional paid-in capital
249.2

 
248.6

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes
(23.7
)
 
(31.6
)
Retained earnings
711.5

 
756.4

Total stockholders’ equity
937.6

 
974.0

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
2,394.2

 
$
2,278.8


See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

2

ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Revenues
$
1,310.5

 
$
1,257.1

 
$
2,637.2

 
$
2,525.5

Operating expenses
1,164.6

 
1,127.5

 
2,359.7

 
2,268.9

Selling, general and administrative expenses
100.7

 
102.4

 
198.0

 
202.2

Restructuring and related expenses
5.8

 
8.8

 
10.8

 
16.0

Amortization of intangible assets
5.8

 
6.6

 
11.3

 
13.0

Impairment recovery
(17.4
)
 
—

 
(17.4
)
 
—

Operating profit
51.0

 
11.8

 
74.8

 
25.4

Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net
0.9

 
0.9

 
2.3

 
3.3

Interest expense
(3.0
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(6.3
)
 
(5.1
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
48.9

 
10.3

 
70.9

 
23.6

Income tax provision
(17.3
)
 
(3.5
)
 
(23.2
)
 
(3.2
)
Income from continuing operations
31.6

 
6.8

 
47.7

 
20.4

Net loss from discontinued operations
(0.4
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(73.2
)
 
(2.0
)
Net income (loss)
31.3

 
4.4

 
(25.5
)
 
18.4

Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
3.0

 
4.1

 
6.3

 
(4.4
)
Other
—

 
0.1

 
1.6

 
0.2

Comprehensive income (loss)
$
34.3

 
$
8.6

 
$
(17.6
)
 
$
14.2

Net income (loss) per common share — Basic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
0.56

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.36

Loss from discontinued operations
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
 
(1.31
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss)
$
0.56

 
$
0.08

 
$
(0.46
)
 
$
0.32

Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
0.56

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.84

 
$
0.36

Loss from discontinued operations
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
 
(1.29
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss)
$
0.55

 
$
0.08

 
$
(0.45
)
 
$
0.32

Weighted-average common and common
equivalent shares outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
56.0

 
56.4

 
56.0

 
56.5

Diluted
56.5

 
56.9

 
56.6

 
57.0

Dividends declared per common share
$
0.170

 
$
0.165

 
$
0.340

 
$
0.330

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


3

ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions)
2017
 
2016
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
Net (loss) income
$
(25.5
)
 
$
18.4

Net loss from discontinued operations
73.2

 
2.0

Income from continuing operations
47.7

 
20.4

Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
28.5

 
29.2

Impairment recovery
(17.4
)
 
—

Deferred income taxes
9.7

 
8.0

Share-based compensation expense
7.3

 
7.4

Provision for bad debt
2.0

 
9.8

Discount accretion on insurance claims
0.1

 
0.1

Gain on sale of assets
(0.1
)
 
(0.1
)
Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net
(2.3
)
 
(3.3
)
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates
0.8

 
4.5

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable
(47.3
)
 
12.4

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(2.7
)
 
3.4

Other noncurrent assets
(6.4
)
 
(0.4
)
Trade accounts payable and other accrued liabilities
1.1

 
(10.7
)
Insurance claims
15.6

 
7.3

Income taxes payable
5.1

 
(11.6
)
Other noncurrent liabilities
8.4

 
2.6

Total adjustments
2.4

 
58.6

Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations
50.1

 
79.0

Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations
(2.0
)
 
(22.5
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
48.1

 
56.5

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
Additions to property, plant and equipment
(27.8
)
 
(15.7
)
Proceeds from sale of assets
0.4

 
0.4

Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired
(18.6
)
 
(81.0
)
Proceeds from redemption of auction rate security
—

 
5.0

Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations
(46.0
)
 
(91.3
)
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations
—

 
(3.1
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(46.0
)
 
(94.4
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of share-based compensation awards, net of taxes withheld
0.8

 
2.6

Incremental tax benefit from share-based compensation awards
—

 
0.5

Repurchases of common stock
(7.9
)
 
(21.5
)
Dividends paid
(18.9
)
 
(18.5
)
Deferred financing costs paid
—

 
(0.1
)
Borrowings from line of credit
441.9

 
536.6

Repayment of borrowings from line of credit
(432.3
)
 
(485.7
)
Financing of energy savings performance contracts
2.6

 
10.5

Changes in book cash overdrafts
17.2

 
4.8

Payment of contingent consideration
(3.8
)
 
—

Repayment of capital lease obligations
(0.1
)
 
(0.6
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
(0.5
)
 
28.6

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
0.6

 
(0.5
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
2.2

 
(9.8
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
53.5

 
55.5

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
55.7

 
$
45.7

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1. THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
ABM Industries Incorporated, which operates through its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of integrated facility solutions, customized by industry, that enable our clients to deliver exceptional facilities experiences. We are organized into five industry groups and one Technical Solutions segment:
revisedindustrygroupsa011a04.jpg
Through these groups, we offer a full complement of solutions, including janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking, on a stand-alone basis or in combination with each other or with specialized mechanical and electrical technical solutions.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with (i) United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and (ii) the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of our management, our unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (the “Financial Statements”) include all normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for the fair statement of the interim periods presented. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. The Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016. Unless otherwise noted, all references to years are to our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.    
Prior Year Reclassifications
Effective November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group. We have revised our prior period segment information to reflect this reorganization, including a related reclassification of certain Corporate expenses. See Note 15, “Segment Information,” for further information. Concurrent with the reorganization, we recategorized certain expenses that were historically included in operating expenses to selling, general and administrative expenses. To conform to the new categorization, we reclassified operating expenses of $4.9 million and $9.8 million for the three- and six-month periods ended April 30, 2016, respectively, to selling, general and administrative expenses.
As discussed in Note 4, “Held for Sale,” we reclassified certain prior year amounts in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets from held-for-sale to held-and-used. In addition, certain amounts in the statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.
Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale
During the fourth quarter of 2016, we made the decision to divest our Government Services business. The assets and liabilities of this business have been classified as held for sale at April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016. Subsequent to the second quarter, we completed the sale of this business. See Note 4, “Held for Sale,” for further information.
Rounding
We round amounts in the Financial Statements to millions and calculate all percentages and per-share data from the underlying whole-dollar amounts. Thus, certain amounts may not foot, crossfoot, or recalculate based on reported numbers due to rounding.

5

Management Reimbursement Revenue by Segment
We operate certain parking facilities under managed location arrangements. Under these arrangements, we manage the parking facility for a management fee and pass through the revenue and expenses associated with the facility to the owner. These revenues and expenses are reported in equal amounts for costs reimbursed from our managed locations:
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Business & Industry
$
58.1

 
$
57.2

 
$
115.9

 
$
113.7

Aviation
16.2

 
21.1

 
32.7

 
40.8

Emerging Industries Group
4.8

 
4.2

 
9.3

 
8.1

Total
$
79.1

 
$
82.5

 
$
158.0

 
$
162.6

3. RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED COSTS
During the fourth quarter of 2015, our Board of Directors approved a comprehensive strategy intended to have a positive transformative effect on ABM (the “2020 Vision”). As part of the 2020 Vision, we identified key priorities to differentiate ABM in the marketplace, accelerate revenue growth for certain industry groups, and improve our margin profile. We expect our 2020 Vision restructuring and related activities to be complete by the end of 2017, with remaining costs primarily related to external support fees and office consolidations. As described in Note 15, “Segment Information,” we include restructuring and related costs within corporate expenses.
Rollforward of Restructuring and Related Liabilities
(in millions)
 
External Support Fees
 
Employee Severance
 
Other Project Fees
 
Lease Exit
 
Total
Balance, October 31, 2016
 
$
1.2

 
$
3.8

 
$
0.5

 
$
2.5

 
$
8.0

Costs recognized
 
4.6

 
1.0

 
3.7

 
1.5

 
10.8

Payments
 
(4.8
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(3.8
)
 
(1.5
)
 
(12.5
)
Balance, April 30, 2017
 
$
1.0

 
$
2.4

 
$
0.4

 
$
2.5

 
$
6.3

    
We have incurred cumulative 2020 Vision restructuring and related charges of $52.5 million, including external support fees of $20.5 million, employee severance costs of $14.3 million, other project fees of $8.4 million, and both asset impairment and lease exit costs of $4.7 million.





6

4. HELD FOR SALE
    During the fourth quarter of 2016, in connection with the key priorities of our 2020 Vision, we made the decision to divest our Government Services business and accordingly classified the assets and liabilities of the business as held for sale. We engaged a third-party broker to assist in the divestiture process. In connection with the held-for-sale classification in 2016, we wrote down goodwill and long-lived assets of this business by $22.5 million to reflect our best estimate of fair value less costs to sell using all information available at that time. During the second quarter of 2017, we received an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase our Government Services business for approximately $35.0 million, which was higher than our previous estimate of fair value less costs to sell. As a result, in the second quarter of 2017 we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. Subsequent to the second quarter, on May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of this business for $35.5 million, subject to certain post-closing adjustments.
Major Classes of Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale at Estimated Fair Value
(in millions)
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Trade accounts receivable, net
$
25.9

 
$
23.8

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates
12.0

 
7.7

Goodwill
6.0

 
—

Other intangible assets, net
4.4

 
—

Other assets
2.8

 
4.5

Assets held for sale
51.1

 
36.1

 
 
 
 
Trade accounts payable
11.8

 
11.8

Other liabilities
5.5

 
4.8

Liabilities held for sale
$
17.3

 
$
16.8

As of October 31, 2016, we reclassified $8.1 million of trade accounts receivable, net and $2.6 million of trade accounts payable from held-for-sale to held-and-used based on the terms of the agreement to sell this business.
5. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Following the sale of our Security business in 2015, we record all costs associated with this former business in discontinued operations. Such costs typically relate to legal cases and insurance reserves. For the six months ended April 30, 2017, we incurred a net loss from discontinued operations of $73.2 million (a pretax loss of $123.7 million). As described in Note 12, “Commitments and Contingencies,” this loss primarily relates to the probable settlements of the Augustus and Karapetyan cases. We recorded the liability for these probable settlements within “Legal settlements from discontinued operations” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.

7

6. ACQUISITIONS
2017 Acquisitions
Effective December 1, 2016, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Mechanical Solutions, Inc. (“MSI”), a provider of specialized HVAC, chiller, and plumbing services, for a purchase price of $12.6 million, subject to post-closing adjustments. The purchase price includes up to $1.0 million of undiscounted contingent consideration that is based on the expected achievement of certain pre-established revenue goals. See Note 8, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” regarding our valuation of contingent consideration liabilities. As of December 1, 2016, the operations of MSI are included in our Technical Solutions segment.
Effective December 1, 2016, we also acquired all of the outstanding stock of OFJ Connections Ltd (“OFJ”), a provider of airport transportation services in the United Kingdom, for a purchase price of $6.3 million, subject to post-closing adjustments. As of December 1, 2016, the operations of OFJ are included in our Aviation segment.
2016 Acquisitions
Effective September 30, 2016, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of BRBIBR Limited, a company which holds all of the outstanding shares of 8 Solutions Ltd. (“8 Solutions”), a provider of technical cleaning services to data centers in the United Kingdom and certain other locations, for a purchase price of $16.1 million. As of September 30, 2016, the operations of 8 Solutions are included in our Business & Industry segment. 8 Solutions has been renamed ABM Critical Solutions Limited.
Effective December 1, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Westway Services Holdings (2014) Ltd. (“Westway”), a provider of technical services to clients in the United Kingdom, for a purchase price of $81.0 million. This acquisition expanded the geographical reach of our technical solutions business to the United Kingdom, resulting in the allocation of a significant portion of the purchase price to goodwill. As such, we recorded goodwill and intangible assets of $53.8 million and $22.5 million, respectively. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes. As of December 1, 2015, the operations of Westway are included in our Technical Solutions segment.
Pro Forma and Other Supplemental Financial Information
Pro forma and other supplemental financial information is not presented for these acquisitions, as they are not considered material business combinations individually or on a combined basis.
    

8

7. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share Calculations
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Income from continuing operations
$
31.6

 
$
6.8

 
$
47.7

 
$
20.4

Net loss from discontinued operations
(0.4
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(73.2
)
 
(2.0
)
Net income (loss)
$
31.3

 
$
4.4

 
$
(25.5
)
 
$
18.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares outstanding — Basic
56.0

 
56.4

 
56.0

 
56.5

Effect of dilutive securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted stock units
0.3

 
0.2

 
0.3

 
0.2

Stock options
0.2

 
0.2

 
0.2

 
0.2

Performance shares
—

 
0.1

 
0.1

 
0.1

Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares outstanding — Diluted
56.5

 
56.9

 
56.6

 
57.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) per common share — Basic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
0.56

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.36

Loss from discontinued operations
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
 
(1.31
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss)
$
0.56

 
$
0.08

 
$
(0.46
)
 
$
0.32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$
0.56

 
$
0.12

 
$
0.84

 
$
0.36

Loss from discontinued operations
(0.01
)
 
(0.04
)
 
(1.29
)
 
(0.04
)
Net income (loss)
$
0.55

 
$
0.08

 
$
(0.45
)
 
$
0.32

Anti-Dilutive Outstanding Stock Awards Issued Under Share-Based Compensation Plans
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Anti-dilutive
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.2



9

8. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value Hierarchy of Our Financial Instruments
Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
(in millions)
Fair Value Hierarchy
 
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Assets held in funded deferred compensation plan(1)
1
 
$
5.0

 
$
4.9

Investments in auction rate securities(2)
3
 
8.0

 
8.0

Interest rate swaps(3)
2
 
2.8

 
0.2

Cash and cash equivalents(4)
1
 
55.7

 
53.5

Insurance deposits(5)
1
 
11.2

 
11.2

Contingent consideration liability(6)
3
 
0.9

 
3.8

Line of credit(7)
2
 
277.9

 
268.3

(1) Represents investments held in a Rabbi trust associated with one of our deferred compensation plans, which we include in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the assets held in the funded deferred compensation plan is based on quoted market prices.
(2) For investments in auction rate securities, the fair value was based on discounted cash flow valuation models, primarily utilizing unobservable inputs, including assumptions about the underlying collateral, credit risks associated with the issuer, credit enhancements associated with financial insurance guarantees, and the possibility of the security being re-financed by the issuer or having a successful auction. These amounts are included in “Other investments” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. See Note 9, “Auction Rate Securities,” for further information.
(3) Represents interest rate swap derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. The fair values of the interest rate swaps are estimated based on the present value of the difference between expected cash flows calculated at the contracted interest rates and the expected cash flows at current market interest rates using observable benchmarks for LIBOR forward rates at the end of the period. These interest rate swaps are included in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. See Note 11, “Line of Credit,” for further information.
(4) Cash and cash equivalents are stated at nominal value, which equals fair value.
(5) Represents restricted insurance deposits that are used to collateralize our insurance obligations and are stated at nominal value, which equals fair value. These insurance deposits are included in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. See Note 10, “Insurance,” for further information.
(6) Certain of our acquisitions involve the payment of contingent consideration. The fair value of these liabilities is based on the expected achievement of certain pre-established revenue goals. At October 31, 2016, we had one contingent consideration liability included in “Other accrued liabilities” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended April 30, 2017, the income-related target for that acquisition was achieved, resulting in the payment of $3.8 million to the seller. In connection with the MSI acquisition, we recorded one new contingent consideration liability during 2017, which is included in “Other noncurrent liabilities” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.
(7) Represents outstanding borrowings under our syndicated line of credit. Due to variable interest rates, the carrying value of outstanding borrowings under our line of credit approximates the fair value. See Note 11, “Line of Credit,” for further information.
During the six months ended April 30, 2017, we had no transfers of assets or liabilities between any of the hierarchy levels.
Non-Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
We measure certain assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis, which are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances. These assets can include: goodwill; intangible assets; property, plant and equipment; and other long-lived assets that have been reduced to fair value when they are held for sale.
As discussed in Note 4, “Held for Sale,” during the three months ended April 30, 2017, we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. This represents a Level 3 input under the fair value hierarchy. 


10

In addition, on November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments and goodwill reporting units. As such, we performed a goodwill impairment test immediately before and after the segment realignment. We estimated the fair value of goodwill using the income and market approaches, which utilize expected cash flows using Level 3 inputs. This analysis required the exercise of significant judgments, including the identification of reporting units as well as the evaluation of recent indicators of market activity, estimated future cash flows, discount rates, and other factors. As a result of this analysis, we concluded that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value and that no further evaluation of impairment was necessary.     
9. AUCTION RATE SECURITIES
At April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, we held investments in auction rate securities from two different issuers that had an aggregate original principal amount of $10.0 million and an amortized cost and fair value of $8.0 million. These two auction rate securities are debt instruments with stated maturities in 2036 and 2050. The interest rates for these securities are designed to be reset through Dutch auctions approximately every thirty days, but auctions for these securities have not occurred since August 2007.
At April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, there were no unrealized gains or losses on our auction rate securities included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes (“AOCL”), and the total amount of other-than-temporary impairment credit loss on our auction rate security investments included in our retained earnings was $2.0 million.
Significant Assumptions Used to Determine the Fair Values of Our Auction Rate Securities
Assumption
 
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Discount rates
 
L + 0.38% and L + 1.00%
 
L + 0.46% and L + 1.30%
Yields
 
2.15%, L + 2.00%
 
2.15%, L + 2.00%
Average expected lives
 
4 – 10 years
 
4 – 10 years
L – One Month LIBOR    
10. INSURANCE
We use a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. For the majority of these insurance programs, we retain the initial $1.0 million of exposure on a per-occurrence basis, either through deductibles or self-insured retentions. Beyond the retained exposures, we have varying primary policy limits ranging between $1.0 million and $5.0 million per occurrence. To cover general liability and automobile liability losses above these primary limits, we maintain commercial umbrella insurance policies that provide aggregate limits of $200.0 million. Our insurance policies generally cover workers’ compensation losses to the full extent of statutory requirements. Additionally, to cover property damage risks above our retained limits, we maintain policies that provide per occurrence limits of $75.0 million. We are also self-insured for certain employee medical and dental plans. We maintain stop-loss insurance for our self-insured medical plan under which we retain up to $0.4 million of exposure on a per-participant, per-year basis with respect to claims.     
The adequacy of our reserves for workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, and property damage insurance claims is based upon known trends and events and the actuarial estimates of required reserves considering the most recently completed actuarial reports. We use all available information to develop our best estimate of insurance claims reserves as information is obtained. The results of actuarial studies are used to estimate our insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years.
Actuarial Review Performed During the First Quarter of 2017
During the three months ended January 31, 2017, we performed an actuarial review for the majority of our casualty insurance programs. This review considered all changes in claim developments and claim payment activity for the period commencing May 1, 2016 and ending October 31, 2016. We performed this review for all policy years in which open claims existed. This review indicated unfavorable developments in our estimates of ultimate losses related to certain general liability and workers’ compensation claims. During the three months ended April 30, 2017, we continued to see a similar trend in adverse developments related to prior year claims.
We are experiencing a moderately reduced frequency of claims in our general liability program. However, we experienced adverse developments in prior year claims, which are largely attributable to adjustments on certain

11

property damage claims and to losses for alleged bodily injuries. The average incurred cost for our less severe claims was also higher than expected, and this contributed to the increase in projected cost estimates.
We are experiencing a reduced frequency of claims in our workers’ compensation program. However, our estimate of ultimate losses was negatively impacted by increases in projected costs for a significant number of prior year claims in California and New York. Statutory, regulatory, and legal developments have negatively impacted how these claims affect our Company.
After analyzing the recent loss developments against benchmarks and applying actuarial projection methods to determine the estimate of ultimate losses, we increased our reserves for known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with incurred but not reported claims for prior periods by $5.0 million at January 31, 2017. As we continue to see a similar trend in adverse developments, at April 30, 2017 we increased our reserves by an additional $5.0 million, resulting in a total increase to our reserves for claims related to prior periods of $10.0 million.
During the third quarter of 2017, comprehensive actuarial evaluations are expected to be completed for our significant insurance programs using recent claims data.
Insurance Related Balances and Activity
(in millions)
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Insurance claim reserves excluding medical and dental
$
432.7

 
$
417.9

Medical and dental claim reserves
6.8

 
5.9

Insurance recoverables
69.8

 
69.7

At April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, insurance recoverables are included in “Other current assets” and “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets.
Instruments Used to Collateralize Our Insurance Obligations
(in millions)
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Standby letters of credit
$
120.1

 
$
118.3

Surety bonds
59.5

 
57.2

Restricted insurance deposits
11.2

 
11.2

Total
$
190.8

 
$
186.7

11. LINE OF CREDIT    
On November 30, 2010, we entered into a syndicated credit agreement pursuant to which we obtained an unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Facility”). This credit agreement, as amended from time to time, is referred to as the “Credit Agreement.” We can borrow up to $800.0 million under our Credit Agreement, subject to compliance with certain covenants under the Credit Agreement, and we have the option to increase the size of the Facility to $1.0 billion at any time prior to the December 11, 2018 expiration date (subject to receipt of commitments for the increased amount from existing and new lenders and compliance with such covenants).
Borrowings under the Facility bear interest at a rate equal to an applicable margin plus, at our option, either a (i) eurodollar rate (generally LIBOR) or (ii) base rate determined by reference to the highest of (1) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (2) the prime rate published by Bank of America, N.A. from time to time, and (3) the eurodollar rate plus 1.00%. The applicable margin is a percentage per annum varying from zero to 0.75% for base rate loans and 1.00% to 1.75% for eurodollar loans, based upon our leverage ratio. We also pay a commitment fee, based on the leverage ratio, payable quarterly in arrears, ranging from 0.200% to 0.275% on the average daily unused portion of the Facility. For purposes of this calculation, irrevocable standby letters of credit, which are issued primarily in conjunction with our insurance programs, and cash borrowings are included as outstanding under the Facility.
The Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants that include a maximum leverage ratio of 3.25 to 1.0 (except as described below) and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.0. In addition, we are required to maintain a consolidated net worth in an amount not less than the sum of (i) $570.0 million, (ii) 50% of our consolidated net income (with no deduction for net loss), and (iii) 100% of our aggregate increases in stockholders’ equity beginning

12

on November 30, 2010. In the event of a material acquisition, as defined in the Credit Agreement, we may elect to increase the leverage ratio to 3.50 to 1.0 for a total of four fiscal quarters. On January 6, 2017, ABM entered into an amendment (the “Seventh Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement that amends, among other things, the calculations of certain financial covenants to incorporate adjustments with respect to particular cash and non-cash charges, including any reserves, taken in connection with certain litigation. As of April 30, 2017, we were in compliance with the covenants under our Credit Agreement.
If an event of default occurs under the Credit Agreement, including certain cross-defaults, insolvency, change in control, or violation of specific covenants, the lenders can terminate or suspend our access to the Facility, declare all amounts outstanding under the Facility (including all accrued interest and unpaid fees) to be immediately due and payable, and require that we cash collateralize the outstanding standby letters of credit.
The Facility is available for working capital, the issuance of up to $300.0 million for standby letters of credit, the issuance of up to $50.0 million in swing line advances, the financing of capital expenditures, and other general corporate purposes, including acquisitions and investments in subsidiaries, subject to certain limitations, where applicable, as set forth in the Credit Agreement. The availability of our borrowing capacity is subject to, and limited by, compliance with the covenants described above.
Facility Information
(in millions)
April 30, 2017
 
October 31, 2016
Cash borrowings
$
277.9

 
$
268.3

Standby letters of credit
128.9

 
130.9

Borrowing capacity(1)
393.2

 
400.8

(1) At April 30, 2017, current covenant restrictions limit our borrowing capacity to $262.1 million. However, the leverage ratio could increase for up to four fiscal quarters if we complete a material acquisition, as defined in the Credit Agreement.
Interest Rate Swaps
We enter into interest rate swaps to manage the interest rate risk associated with our floating-rate, LIBOR-based borrowings under our Facility. Under these arrangements, we typically pay a fixed interest rate in exchange for LIBOR-based variable interest throughout the life of the agreement.
During 2016, we entered into three interest rate swap agreements with effective dates of April 7, 2016 and May 11, 2016, an underlying aggregate notional amount of $105.0 million, and a fixed interest rate of 1.05%. These swaps were designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges from inception and mature on April 7, 2021 and May 11, 2021. See Note 8, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” regarding the valuation of our interest rate swaps.
We initially report the effective portion of a derivative’s mark-to-market gain or loss as a component of AOCL and subsequently reclassify the gain or loss into earnings when the hedged transactions occur and affect earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately. Interest payables and receivables under the swap agreements are accrued and recorded as adjustments to interest expense.
At April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, the amounts recorded in AOCL were $1.6 million and $0.2 million, respectively. At April 30, 2017, the amount expected to be reclassified from AOCL to earnings during the next twelve months was $0.7 million.

13

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Letters of Credit and Surety Bonds
We use letters of credit and surety bonds to secure certain commitments related to insurance programs and for other purposes. As of April 30, 2017, these letters of credit and surety bonds totaled $128.9 million and $546.6 million, respectively.
Guarantees
In some instances, we offer clients guaranteed energy savings under certain energy savings contracts. At April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, total guarantees were $88.5 million and $60.9 million, respectively, and these guarantees extend through 2032 and 2031, respectively. We accrue for the estimated cost of guarantees when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Historically, we have not incurred any material losses in connection with these guarantees.
In connection with an unconsolidated joint venture in which one of our subsidiaries has a 33% ownership interest, that subsidiary and the other joint venture partners have each jointly and severally guaranteed the obligations of the joint venture to perform under certain contracts extending through 2019. Annual revenues relating to the underlying contracts are approximately $35 million. Should the joint venture be unable to perform under these contracts, the joint venture partners would be jointly and severally liable for any losses incurred by the client due to the failure to perform.
Sales Tax Audits
We collect sales tax from clients and remit those collections to the applicable states. When clients fail to pay their invoices, including the amount of any sales tax that we advanced on their behalf, in some cases we are entitled to seek a refund of that amount of sales tax from the applicable state. Sales tax laws and regulations enacted by the various states are subject to interpretation, and our compliance with such laws is routinely subject to audit and review by such states. Audit risk is concentrated in several states, and these states are conducting ongoing audits. The outcomes of ongoing and any future audits and changes in the states’ interpretation of the sales tax laws and regulations could materially adversely impact our results of operations.
Legal Matters
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees.
At April 30, 2017, the total amount accrued for all probable litigation losses where a reasonable estimate of the loss could be made was $129.0 million. This $129.0 million includes the accrual of $115.0 million in connection with the probable settlements of the Augustus and Karapetyan cases discussed below, as well as an accrual for payroll taxes related to the probable settlements of $6.8 million. The remaining $7.2 million relates to various other probable litigation losses. Litigation outcomes are difficult to predict, and the estimation of probable losses requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. There is the potential for a material adverse effect on our financial statements if one or more matters are resolved in a particular period in an amount materially in excess of what we anticipated.
We do not accrue for contingent losses that, in our judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. The estimation of reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. Our management currently estimates the range of loss for all reasonably possible losses for which a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made is between zero and $16 million. Factors underlying this estimated range of loss may change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate.
In some cases, although a loss is probable or reasonably possible, we cannot reasonably estimate the maximum potential losses for probable matters or the range of losses for reasonably possible matters. Therefore, our accrual for probable losses and our estimated range of loss for reasonably possible losses do not represent our maximum possible exposure.

14

While the results of these lawsuits, claims, and proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, our management believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Certain Legal Proceedings
    
Certain pending lawsuits to which we are a party are discussed below. In determining whether to include any particular lawsuit or other proceeding, we consider both quantitative and qualitative factors. These factors include, but are not limited to: the amount of damages and the nature of any other relief sought in the proceeding; if such damages and other relief are specified, our view of the merits of the claims; whether the action is or purports to be a class action, and our view of the likelihood that a class will be certified by the court; the jurisdiction in which the proceeding is pending; and the potential impact of the proceeding on our reputation.

The Consolidated Cases of Augustus, Hall, and Davis, et al. v. American Commercial Security Services, filed July 12, 2005, in the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Augustus case”)

The Augustus case is a certified class action involving alleged violations of certain California state laws relating to rest breaks. The case centers on whether requiring security guards to remain on call during rest breaks violated Section 226.7 of the California Labor Code. On February 8, 2012, the plaintiffs filed a motion for summary judgment on the rest break claim, and on July 31, 2012, the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Superior Court”), entered judgment in favor of plaintiffs in the amount of approximately $89.7 million (the “common fund”). Subsequently, the Superior Court also awarded plaintiffs’ attorneys’ fees of approximately $4.5 million in addition to approximately 30% of the common fund. Under California law, post-judgment interest on a judgment accrues at a rate of 10% simple interest per year from the date the judgment is entered until it is satisfied. We appealed the Superior Court’s rulings to the Court of Appeals of the State of California, Second Appellate District (the “Appeals Court”). On December 31, 2014, the Appeals Court issued its opinion, reversing the judgment in favor of the plaintiffs and vacating the award of $89.7 million in damages and the attorneys’ fees award. The plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the California Supreme Court on March 4, 2015, and on April 29, 2015, the California Supreme Court granted the plaintiffs’ petition. On December 22, 2016, the California Supreme Court rendered its decision, holding that on-call and on-duty rest breaks are prohibited by California law, and reversed the Appeals Court judgment on this issue. The amount of post-judgment interest as of December 22, 2016 was approximately $41.2 million.
On February 6, 2017, ABM Security Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABM Industries Incorporated, entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with Plaintiffs Jennifer Augustus, Delores Hall, Emanuel Davis, and Carlton Anthony Waite, on behalf of themselves and the settlement class members, to settle the Augustus case on a class-wide basis for $110.0 million (the “Augustus Settlement Agreement”). On March 17, 2017, the Augustus Settlement Agreement was amended to address certain procedural matters. The Augustus Settlement Agreement, as amended, is contingent upon the approval of the Superior Court. On April 6, 2017, the Superior Court granted preliminary approval of the class action settlement. Notice to the class members was sent on April 24, 2017 and they have until June 8, 2017 to file any objections to the settlement. The Superior Court scheduled a final approval hearing for June 30, 2017.
Karapetyan v. ABM Industries Incorporated and ABM Security Services, Inc., et al. filed on October 23, 2015, pending in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (the “Karapetyan case”)
The Karapetyan case is a putative class action in which the plaintiff seeks to represent a class of security guards who worked during time periods subsequent to the class period in the Augustus case. The plaintiff alleges that ABM violated certain California state laws relating to meal and rest breaks and other wage and hour claims. On January 30, 2017, ABM entered into a Settlement Term Sheet with plaintiff to settle the case on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. On April 17, 2017, ABM Industries Incorporated, ABM Security Services, Inc., ABM Onsite Services, Inc., and ABM Onsite Services – West, Inc. entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with Plaintiff Vardan Karapetyan, on behalf of himself and the settlement class members, to settle the Karapetyan case (the “Karapetyan Settlement Agreement”) on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. This settlement is contingent upon the final approval by the United States District Court for the Central District of California and the final approval by the Superior Court of the Augustus Settlement Agreement.

15

The Consolidated Cases of Bucio and Martinez v. ABM Janitorial Services filed on April 7, 2006, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco (the “Bucio case”)
The Bucio case is a purported class action involving allegations that we failed to track work time and provide breaks. On April 19, 2011, the trial court held a hearing on plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. At the conclusion of that hearing, the trial court denied plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. On May 11, 2011, the plaintiffs filed a motion to reconsider, which was denied. The plaintiffs have appealed the class certification issues. The trial court stayed the underlying lawsuit pending the decision in the appeal. On August 30, 2012, the plaintiffs filed their appellate brief on the class certification issues. We filed our responsive brief on November 15, 2012. On January 18, 2017, the appeals court invited the parties to file supplemental letter briefs. ABM and plaintiffs each filed their respective supplemental letter briefs with the court on February 8, 2017. Oral argument relating to the appeal has not been scheduled.

Hussein and Hirsi v. Air Serv Corporation filed on January 20, 2016, pending in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle (the “Hussein case”)

The Hussein case is a certified class action involving a class of certain hourly Air Serv employees at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in SeaTac, Washington. The plaintiffs allege that Air Serv violated a minimum wage requirement in an ordinance applicable to certain employers in the local city of SeaTac (“the Ordinance”). Plaintiffs seek retroactive wages, double damages, interest, and attorneys’ fees. This matter was removed to federal court. In a separate lawsuit brought by Filo Foods, LLC, Alaska Airlines, and several other employers at SeaTac airport, the King County Superior Court issued a decision that invalidated the Ordinance as it applied to workers at SeaTac airport. Subsequently, the Washington Supreme Court reversed the Superior Court’s decision. There are disputes in federal court concerning the legality of the Ordinance, its applicability to employers at SeaTac airport, and whether the plaintiffs are entitled to retroactive wages, double damages, interest, and attorneys’ fees. On February 7, 2017, a new lawsuit styled Abdirizak Isse et al. v. Air Serv Corporation (the “Isse case”), pending in the Superior Court of Washington for King County, was filed against Air Serv on behalf of sixty individual plaintiffs (who would otherwise be members of the Hussein class) who allege failure to comply with both the minimum wage provision and the sick and safe time provision of the Ordinance. The plaintiffs seek retroactive wages and sick benefits, double damages for wages and sick benefits, interest, and attorneys’ fees. The Isse case has since been expanded to ninety-two individual plaintiffs. In the event of a judgment against us in the Hussein case or the Isse case, we intend to seek reimbursement from our clients.

16

13. COMMON STOCK
On September 2, 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $200.0 million shares of our common stock. Purchases may take place on the open market or otherwise, and all or part of the repurchases may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, future cash flows, share price, and share availability. Repurchased shares are retired and returned to an authorized but unissued status. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. At April 30, 2017, authorization for $134.1 million of repurchases remained under our share repurchase program.
Repurchase Activity
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2017
 
2016
Total number of shares purchased
0.2

 
0.7

Average price paid per share
$
40.07

 
$
29.82

Total cash paid for share repurchases
$
7.9

 
$
21.5

14. INCOME TAXES
Our quarterly provision for income taxes is calculated using an estimated annual effective income tax rate, which is adjusted for discrete items that occur during the reporting period.
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Effective tax rate on income from continuing operations
35.3
%
 
34.2
%
 
32.7
%
 
13.6
%
The effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2017 was favorably impacted by $2.1 million of excess tax benefits related to the vesting of share-based compensation awards and the 2017 Work Opportunity Tax Credits (“WOTC”) for new hires. The effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2016 was favorably impacted by $4.8 million of WOTC from the retroactive reinstatement of the WOTC for calendar year 2015 and the impact of the 2016 WOTC for new hires.

17

15. SEGMENT INFORMATION    
Effective November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group. We have aggregated various operating segments into reportable segments based upon similar economic characteristics, services, processes, and customers. Our new reportable segments consist of Business & Industry (“B&I”), Aviation, Emerging Industries Group, Technical Solutions, and Government Services, as further described below.
REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND DESCRIPTIONS
B&I
B&I represents our largest reportable segment. It encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services to commercial real estate industries, sports and entertainment venues, and industrial and manufacturing sites.
Aviation
Aviation includes services supporting airlines and airports. A wide array of services that support the needs of our clients are included in this segment, ranging from parking and janitorial to passenger assistance, catering, air cabin maintenance, and transportation. Aviation also includes one of our investments in an unconsolidated affiliate that was previously part of our government business under our legacy Building & Energy Solutions segment.
Emerging Industries Group
Our Emerging Industries Group encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for the Education, Healthcare, and High Tech industries, which have been combined into one reportable segment.
Technical Solutions
Technical Solutions provides specialized mechanical and electrical services. These services can also be leveraged for cross-selling within B&I, Aviation, and the Emerging Industries Group, both domestically and internationally.
Government Services
Our held-for-sale Government Services business provides specialty solutions in support of U.S. government entities, such as: construction management; healthcare support; leadership development; military base operations; and other mission support services.
Financial Information by Reportable Segment
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
732.6

 
$
730.4

 
$
1,487.6

 
$
1,474.0

Aviation
232.2

 
203.0

 
464.2

 
406.8

Emerging Industries Group
192.0

 
195.0

 
392.6

 
394.1

Technical Solutions
110.8

 
100.9

 
218.5

 
194.4

Government Services
42.9

 
27.7

 
74.3

 
56.2

 
$
1,310.5

 
$
1,257.1

 
$
2,637.2

 
$
2,525.5

Operating profit (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
41.0

 
$
32.6

 
$
73.4

 
$
61.0

Aviation
7.6

 
5.5

 
13.0

 
9.4

Emerging Industries Group
12.0

 
12.9

 
24.4

 
27.8

Technical Solutions
10.6

 
4.3

 
18.8

 
8.3

Government Services
18.2

 
(1.5
)
 
20.0

 
(1.3
)
Corporate
(36.4
)
 
(40.3
)
 
(71.0
)
 
(75.5
)
Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services
(1.1
)
 
(0.8
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(3.3
)
Adjustment for tax deductions for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions
(0.8
)
 
(0.9
)
 
(1.4
)
 
(1.1
)
 
51.0

 
11.8

 
74.8

 
25.4

Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net
0.9

 
0.9

 
2.3

 
3.3

Interest expense
(3.0
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(6.3
)
 
(5.1
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
$
48.9

 
$
10.3

 
$
70.9

 
$
23.6

The accounting policies for our segments are the same as those disclosed within our significant accounting policies in Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies.” Our management evaluates the

18

performance of each reportable segment based on its respective operating profit results, which include the allocation of certain centrally incurred costs. Corporate expenses not allocated to segments include certain CEO and other finance and human resource departmental expenses, certain information technology costs, share-based compensation, certain legal costs and settlements, restructuring and related costs, certain adjustments resulting from actuarial developments of self-insurance reserves, and direct acquisition costs.
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of the Government Services business for $35.5 million, subject to certain post-closing adjustments.


19

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to facilitate an understanding of the results of operations and financial condition of ABM Industries Incorporated and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”). This MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes (“Financial Statements”) and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2016 (“Annual Report”), which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). This MD&A contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations, and industry that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements regarding our plans, objectives, expectations, and intentions. Our future results and financial condition may be materially different from those we currently anticipate. See “Forward-Looking Statements” for more information. Our MD&A is comprised of the following sections:
•
Business Overview
•
Developments and Trends
•
Results of Operations
•
Liquidity and Capital Resources
•
Contingencies
•
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Throughout the MD&A, amounts and percentages may not recalculate due to rounding. Unless otherwise indicated, all information in the MD&A and references to years are based on our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.
Business Overview    
ABM is a leading provider of integrated facility solutions, customized by industry, that enable our clients to deliver exceptional facilities experiences.
In September 2015, we announced a comprehensive transformation initiative (“2020 Vision”) intended to drive long-term profitable growth through an industry-based go-to-market approach. Our 2020 Vision involves a three-phase approach: Phase 1, which we completed on November 1, 2016, involved a realignment of our organization; Phase 2 focuses on improvements to our operational framework to promote efficiencies and process enhancements; and in Phase 3, on the foundation of benefits realized from Phases 1 and 2, we anticipate accelerating growth with our industry-based go-to-market service model. Since the inception of our 2020 Vision, we have made progress on the following four operating priorities:
•
Organizational Realignment
•
Consistent Excellence
•
Cost Optimization
•
Talent Development    
2020 Vision Developments in 2017
We have been identifying enterprise-wide standard operating procedures and migrating more of our back office functions to our shared services center. In addition, we are continuing to consolidate our procurement activities. We are also making certain investments in technology platforms to help drive and sustain 2020 Vision performance. By prioritizing these initiatives, we believe that we are building a foundation that should enable us to deliver leading industry-based facility solutions. During the first half of 2017, we realized approximately $10 million in incremental savings from these initiatives and anticipate $10 million in incremental savings for the second half of 2017. With the progress made to date on our industry realignment, cost optimizations, and identification of standard operating procedures, we believe we are on track to capture cost savings and deliver long-term profitable growth.



20

Segment Reporting Under Our 2020 Vision

Following completion of Phase 1 of our 2020 Vision on November 1, 2016, our business is now organized into five industry groups and one Technical Solutions segment:
revisedindustrygroupsa011a04.jpg
After establishing this industry-based structure, we identified our operating segments and aggregated them into reportable segments based on similar economic characteristics, services, processes, and customers. As a result, our new reportable segments consist of Business & Industry (“B&I”), Aviation, Emerging Industries Group, Technical Solutions, and held-for-sale Government Services, as further described below.
REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND DESCRIPTIONS
B&I
B&I represents our largest reportable segment. It encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services to commercial real estate industries, sports and entertainment venues, and industrial and manufacturing sites.
Aviation
Aviation includes services supporting airlines and airports. A wide array of services that support the needs of our clients are included in this segment, ranging from parking and janitorial to passenger assistance, catering, air cabin maintenance, and transportation. Aviation also includes one of our investments in an unconsolidated affiliate that was previously part of our government business under our legacy Building & Energy Solutions segment.
Emerging Industries Group
Our Emerging Industries Group encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for the Education, Healthcare, and High Tech industries, which have been combined into one reportable segment.
Technical Solutions
Technical Solutions provides specialized mechanical and electrical services. These services can also be leveraged for cross-selling within B&I, Aviation, and the Emerging Industries Group, both domestically and internationally.
Government Services
Our held-for-sale Government Services business provides specialty solutions in support of U.S. government entities, such as: construction management; healthcare support; leadership development; military base operations; and other mission support services.
We have revised our prior period segment information to reflect this reorganization, including a related reclassification of certain Corporate expenses. Concurrent with the reorganization, we recategorized certain expenses that were historically included in operating expenses to selling, general and administrative expenses. To conform to the new categorization, we reclassified operating expenses of $4.9 million and $9.8 million for the three- and six-month periods ended April 30, 2016, respectively, to selling, general and administrative expenses.

21

2020 Vision Restructuring and Related Costs
In connection with the execution of our 2020 Vision, we anticipated total pre-tax restructuring and related charges would range from $45 million to $60 million. We expected these costs to consist of employee severance from $17 million to $20 million, external support fees from $14 million to $19 million, other project fees from $7 million to $8 million, lease exit costs related to real estate consolidation from $5 million to $10 million, and the write-down of certain investments from $2 million to $3 million.
(in millions)
 
Three Months Ended April 30, 2017
 
Six Months Ended April 30, 2017
 
Cumulative
External Support Fees
 
$
3.3

 
$
4.6

 
$
20.5

Employee Severance
 
0.4

 
1.0

 
14.3

Other Project Fees
 
1.0

 
3.7

 
8.4

Asset Impairment
 
—

 
—

 
4.7

Lease Exit
 
1.0

 
1.5

 
4.7

Total
 
$
5.8

 
$
10.8

 
$
52.5

Developments and Trends
Government Services
During the fourth quarter of 2016, in connection with the key priorities of our 2020 Vision, we made the decision to divest our Government Services business and accordingly classified the assets and liabilities of the business as held for sale. We engaged a third-party broker to assist in the divestiture process. In connection with the held-for-sale classification in 2016, we wrote down goodwill and long-lived assets of this business by $22.5 million to reflect our best estimate of fair value less costs to sell using all information available at that time. During the second quarter of 2017, we received an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase our Government Services business for approximately $35.0 million, which was higher than our previous estimate of fair value less costs to sell. As a result, in the second quarter of 2017 we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. Subsequent to the second quarter, on May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of this business for $35.5 million, subject to certain post-closing adjustments.
Legal

On February 6, 2017, ABM Security Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABM Industries Incorporated, entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with Plaintiffs Jennifer Augustus, Delores Hall, Emanuel Davis, and Carlton Anthony Waite, on behalf of themselves and the settlement class members, to settle the Consolidated Cases of Augustus, Hall, and Davis, et al. v. American Commercial Security Services, on a class-wide basis for $110.0 million (the “Augustus Settlement Agreement”). On March 17, 2017, the Augustus Settlement Agreement was amended to address certain procedural matters. The Augustus Settlement Agreement, as amended, is contingent upon the approval of the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Superior Court”). On April 6, 2017, the Superior Court granted preliminary approval of the class action settlement. Notice to the class members was sent on April 24, 2017 and they have until June 8, 2017 to file any objections to the settlement. The Superior Court scheduled a final approval hearing for June 30, 2017.
We also entered into a Settlement Term Sheet on January 30, 2017 with plaintiff in connection with Karapetyan v. ABM Industries Incorporated and ABM Security Services, Inc., et al. (the “Karapetyan case”) to settle the case on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. The Karapetyan case is a putative class action in which the plaintiff seeks to represent a class of security guards that alleges violations of certain California state laws relating to meal and rest breaks and other wage and hour claims. On April 17, 2017, ABM Industries Incorporated, ABM Security Services, Inc., ABM Onsite Services, Inc., and ABM Onsite Services – West, Inc. entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with Plaintiff Vardan Karapetyan, on behalf of himself and the settlement class members, to settle the Karapetyan case (the “Karapetyan Settlement Agreement”) on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. This settlement is contingent upon the final approval by the United States District Court for the Central District of California and the final approval by the Superior Court of the Augustus Settlement Agreement.

22

If the Augustus Settlement Agreement is approved by the Superior Court, we will be obligated to pay $110.0 million with respect to the settlement amount and an additional $6.3 million related to payroll taxes. Under the terms of the Augustus Settlement Agreement, we will pay $55.0 million of the $110.0 million by either April 1, 2017 or within fourteen days after final approval by the Superior Court, whichever date is later; we will pay the remaining $55.0 million by either September 1, 2017 or within fourteen days after the final approval by the Superior Court, whichever date is later. We expect to fund the payments from operating cash flows and from our available line of credit.
These settlements are tax deductible and will result in an estimated $50 million in cash tax savings, which we expect to receive primarily in 2018. As a result of these probable settlements, we are reevaluating certain uses of cash in the short term, including share repurchases.
Insurance
During the three months ended January 31, 2017, we performed an actuarial review for the majority of our casualty insurance programs. This review indicated unfavorable developments in our estimates of ultimate losses related to certain general liability and workers’ compensation claims. During the three months ended April 30, 2017, we continued to see a similar trend in adverse developments related to prior year claims. After analyzing the recent loss developments against benchmarks and applying actuarial projection methods to determine the estimate of ultimate losses, we increased our reserves for known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with incurred but not reported claims for prior periods by $5.0 million at January 31, 2017. As we continue to see a similar trend in adverse developments, at April 30, 2017 we increased our reserves by an additional $5.0 million, resulting in a total increase to our reserves for claims related to prior periods of $10.0 million. During the third quarter of 2017, comprehensive actuarial evaluations are expected to be completed for our significant insurance programs using recent claims data.
Key Financial Highlights
•
Revenues increased by $53.4 million, or 4.2%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Organic revenue increased 3.6%.
•
Operating profit increased by $39.2 million during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit is primarily attributable to: the aforementioned $17.4 million impairment recovery; two less working days; and procurement and organizational savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives. Operating profit was also favorably impacted by the absence of specific reserves for certain client receivables recorded in the prior year quarter and lower restructuring-related expenses. This increase was partially offset by operational issues in certain geographic markets within our aviation business.
•
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations was $50.1 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017.
•
Dividends of $18.9 million were paid to shareholders, and dividends totaling $0.340 per common share were declared during the six months ended April 30, 2017.
•
At April 30, 2017, total outstanding borrowings under our line of credit were $277.9 million, and we had up to $393.2 million of borrowing capacity under our line of credit, subject to covenant restrictions.

23

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended April 30, 2017 Compared with the Three Months Ended April 30, 2016
Consolidated
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase / (Decrease)
Revenues
$
1,310.5

 
$
1,257.1

 
$
53.4

 
4.2%
Operating expenses
1,164.6

 
1,127.5

 
37.1

 
3.3%
Gross margin
11.1
%
 
10.3
%
 
83 bps
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
100.7

 
102.4

 
(1.7
)
 
(1.6)%
Restructuring and related expenses
5.8

 
8.8

 
(3.0
)
 
(34.2)%
Amortization of intangible assets
5.8

 
6.6

 
(0.8
)
 
(11.9)%
Impairment recovery
(17.4
)
 
—

 
(17.4
)
 
NM*
Operating profit
51.0

 
11.8

 
39.2

 
NM*
Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net
0.9

 
0.9

 
—

 
7.9%
Interest expense
(3.0
)
 
(2.4
)
 
(0.6
)
 
(28.1)%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
48.9

 
10.3

 
38.6

 
NM*
Income tax provision
(17.3
)
 
(3.5
)
 
(13.8
)
 
NM*
Income from continuing operations
31.6

 
6.8

 
24.8

 
NM*
Net loss from discontinued operations
(0.4
)
 
(2.4
)
 
2.0

 
84.6%
Net income
31.3

 
4.4

 
26.9

 
NM*
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
3.0

 
4.1

 
(1.1
)
 
(25.6)%
Other
—

 
0.1

 
(0.1
)
 
NM*
Comprehensive income
$
34.3

 
$
8.6

 
$
25.7

 
NM*
*Not meaningful
Revenues
Revenues increased by $53.4 million, or 4.2%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to organic growth in Aviation, Government Services, and Technical Solutions and to $8.7 million of incremental revenues from acquisitions.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased by $37.1 million, or 3.3%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Gross margin increased by 83 bps to 11.1% in the three months ended April 30, 2017 from 10.3% in the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in gross margin was primarily associated with two less working days during the three months ended April 30, 2017 and savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives. This increase was partially offset by operational issues in certain geographic markets within our aviation business.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $1.7 million, or 1.6%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily related to a $6.1 million reduction in bad debt expense primarily associated with the absence of specific reserves for certain client receivables and to organizational savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives. This decrease was partially offset by $2.4 million of higher compensation and related expenses primarily related to hiring additional personnel to support our 2020 Vision initiatives.

24

Restructuring and Related Expenses
Restructuring and related expenses decreased by $3.0 million, or 34.2%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016 as a result of the completion of our 2020 Vision organizational realignment.
Impairment Recovery
As a result of an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase our held-for-sale Government Services business for $35.0 million, we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery during the three months ended April 30, 2017 to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets. Subsequently, on May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of this business for $35.5 million, subject to certain post-closing adjustments. Refer to “Developments and Trends—Government Services,” above, for additional details.


25

Segment Information
Financial Information for Each Reportable Segment
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase / (Decrease)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
732.6

 
$
730.4

 
$
2.2

 
0.3%
Aviation
232.2

 
203.0

 
29.2

 
14.4%
Emerging Industries Group
192.0

 
195.0

 
(3.0
)
 
(1.5)%
Technical Solutions
110.8

 
100.9

 
9.9

 
9.8%
Government Services
42.9

 
27.7

 
15.2

 
54.7%
 
$
1,310.5

 
$
1,257.1

 
$
53.4

 
4.2%
Operating profit (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
41.0

 
$
32.6

 
$
8.4

 
25.9%
Operating profit margin
5.6
%
 
4.5
 %
 
114 bps

 
 
Aviation
7.6

 
5.5

 
2.1

 
38.5%
Operating profit margin
3.3
%
 
2.7
 %
 
57 bps

 
 
Emerging Industries Group
12.0

 
12.9

 
(0.9
)
 
(7.3)%
Operating profit margin
6.3
%
 
6.6
 %
 
(39) bps

 
 
Technical Solutions
10.6

 
4.3

 
6.3

 
NM*
Operating profit margin
9.6
%
 
4.2
 %
 
534 bps

 
 
Government Services
18.2

 
(1.5
)
 
19.7

 
NM*
Operating profit (loss) margin
42.3
%
 
(5.2
)%
 
NM*

 
 
Corporate
(36.4
)
 
(40.3
)
 
3.9

 
9.6%
Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services
(1.1
)
 
(0.8
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(33.6)%
Adjustment for tax deductions for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions
(0.8
)
 
(0.9
)
 
0.1

 
3.6%
 
$
51.0

 
$
11.8

 
$
39.2

 
NM*
*Not meaningful
Business & Industry
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
732.6

 
$
730.4

 
$
2.2

 
0.3%
Operating profit
41.0

 
32.6

 
8.4

 
25.9%
Operating profit margin
5.6
%
 
4.5
%
 
114 bps

 
 
B&I revenues increased by $2.2 million, or 0.3%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to growth in our U.K. janitorial operations and expansion of existing U.S. facility services accounts. This increase was partially offset by lower U.S. parking revenues. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $58.1 million and $57.2 million for the three months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $8.4 million, or 25.9%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 114 bps to 5.6% in the three months ended April 30, 2017 from 4.5% in the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily associated with two less working days during the three months ended April 30, 2017 and cost control savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives. This increase was partially offset by lower profit margins associated with certain leased location arrangements.

26

Aviation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
232.2

 
$
203.0

 
$
29.2

 
14.4%
Operating profit
7.6

 
5.5

 
2.1

 
38.5%
Operating profit margin
3.3
%
 
2.7
%
 
57 bps

 
 
Aviation revenues increased by $29.2 million, or 14.4%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to U.S. organic growth in passenger services, cabin cleaning, transportation, and parking and to new business in our U.K. operations. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $16.2 million and $21.1 million for the three months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $2.1 million, or 38.5%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 57 bps to 3.3% in the three months ended April 30, 2017 from 2.7% in the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to savings and lower allocated costs from our 2020 Vision initiatives, higher equity earnings in an unconsolidated affiliate, and the absence of a specific reserve established for a client receivable. This increase was partially offset by operational issues in certain geographic markets.
Emerging Industries Group
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Decrease
Revenues
$
192.0

 
$
195.0

 
$
(3.0
)
 
(1.5)%
Operating profit
12.0

 
12.9

 
(0.9
)
 
(7.3)%
Operating profit margin
6.3
%
 
6.6
%
 
(39) bps

 
 
Emerging Industries Group revenues decreased by $3.0 million, or 1.5%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease was primarily related to the losses of a multi-location High Tech janitorial contract and certain Education facility services contracts. This decrease was partially offset by new Healthcare janitorial business.
Operating profit decreased by $0.9 million, or 7.3%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin decreased by 39 bps to 6.3% in the three months ended April 30, 2017 from 6.6% in the three months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to lower contribution margin from certain High Tech contracts, including the loss of a multi-location janitorial account, and higher allocated costs from our 2020 Vision initiatives. The decrease in operating profit margin for this segment was partially offset by two less working days during the three months ended April 30, 2017.
Technical Solutions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
110.8

 
$
100.9

 
$
9.9

 
9.8%
Operating profit
10.6

 
4.3

 
6.3

 
NM*
Operating profit margin
9.6
%
 
4.2
%
 
534 bps

 
 
*Not meaningful
Technical Solutions revenues increased by $9.9 million, or 9.8%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. This increase was primarily attributable to higher project revenues and incremental revenues from acquisitions of $3.3 million.
Operating profit increased by $6.3 million during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 534 bps to 9.6% in the three months ended April 30, 2017 from 4.2% in the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was

27

primarily attributable to the contribution of higher margin project revenues and the management of our selling, general and administrative expenses.
Government Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
42.9

 
$
27.7

 
$
15.2

 
54.7%
Operating profit (loss)
18.2

 
(1.5
)
 
19.7

 
NM*
Operating profit (loss) margin
42.3
%
 
(5.2
)%
 
NM*

 
 
*Not meaningful
Government Services revenues increased by $15.2 million, or 54.7%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to mission support, facility services, construction, and healthcare projects.
Operating profit was $18.2 million during the three months ended April 30, 2017, an increase of $19.7 million, as compared to an operating loss of $1.5 million during the three months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit was primarily attributable to the aforementioned $17.4 million impairment recovery, the absence of a specific reserve established for a client receivable, and the termination of amortization expense associated with the held-for-sale classification.
Corporate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Decrease
Corporate expenses
$
36.4

 
$
40.3

 
$
(3.9
)
 
(9.6)%
Corporate expenses decreased by $3.9 million, or 9.6%, during the three months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the three months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in corporate expenses was primarily related to:
•
the absence of a $5.2 million specific reserve established in the three months ended April 30, 2016 for a portion of a client receivable that is the subject of ongoing litigation; and
•
a $2.8 million decrease in restructuring and related costs as a result of the completion of our 2020 Vision organizational realignment.
This decrease was partially offset by a $1.4 million increase in costs to support our 2020 Vision initiatives.




28

Results of Operations

Six Months Ended April 30, 2017 Compared with the Six Months Ended April 30, 2016
Consolidated
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase / (Decrease)
Revenues
$
2,637.2

 
$
2,525.5

 
$
111.7

 
4.4%
Operating expenses
2,359.7

 
2,268.9

 
90.8

 
4.0%
Gross margin
10.5
%
 
10.2
%
 
36 bps
 
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
198.0

 
202.2

 
(4.2
)
 
(2.1)%
Restructuring and related expenses
10.8

 
16.0

 
(5.2
)
 
(32.6)%
Amortization of intangible assets
11.3

 
13.0

 
(1.7
)
 
(12.7)%
Impairment recovery
(17.4
)
 
—

 
(17.4
)
 
NM*
Operating profit
74.8

 
25.4

 
49.4

 
NM*
Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net
2.3

 
3.3

 
(1.0
)
 
(28.8)%
Interest expense
(6.3
)
 
(5.1
)
 
(1.2
)
 
(24.0)%
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
70.9

 
23.6

 
47.3

 
NM*
Income tax provision
(23.2
)
 
(3.2
)
 
(20.0
)
 
NM*
Income from continuing operations
47.7

 
20.4

 
27.3

 
NM*
Net loss from discontinued operations
(73.2
)
 
(2.0
)
 
(71.2
)
 
NM*
Net (loss) income
(25.5
)
 
18.4

 
(43.9
)
 
NM*
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
6.3

 
(4.4
)
 
10.7

 
NM*
Other
1.6

 
0.2

 
1.4

 
NM*
Comprehensive (loss) income
$
(17.6
)
 
$
14.2

 
(31.8
)
 
NM*
*Not meaningful
Revenues
Revenues increased by $111.7 million, or 4.4%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to organic growth in Aviation, Government Services, Technical Solutions, and B&I and to $20.8 million of incremental revenues from acquisitions.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased by $90.8 million, or 4.0%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. Gross margin increased by 36 bps to 10.5% in the six months ended April 30, 2017 from 10.2% in the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in gross margin was primarily attributable to one less working day during the six months ended April 30, 2017 and savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives. This increase was partially offset by operational issues in certain geographic markets within our aviation business.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $4.2 million, or 2.1%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily related to:
•
a $7.8 million reduction in bad debt expense primarily associated with the absence of specific reserves for certain client receivables;
•
a $3.2 million reimbursement of previously expensed fees associated with a concluded internal investigation into a foreign entity formerly affiliated with a joint venture during the six months ended April 30, 2017; and

29

•
organizational savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•
$3.1 million of higher compensation and related expenses primarily related to hiring additional personnel to support our 2020 Vision initiatives; and
•
a $2.3 million increase in legal costs.
Restructuring and Related Expenses
Restructuring and related expenses decreased by $5.2 million, or 32.6%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016 as a result of the completion of our 2020 Vision organizational realignment.
Impairment Recovery
As a result of an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase our held-for-sale Government Services business for $35.0 million, we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery during the six months ended April 30, 2017 to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets. Subsequently, on May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of this business for $35.5 million, subject to certain post-closing adjustments. Refer to “Developments and Trends—Government Services,” above, for additional details.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rates on income from continuing operations for the six months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016 were 32.7% and 13.6%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2017 was favorably impacted by $2.1 million of excess tax benefits related to the vesting of share-based compensation awards and the 2017 Work Opportunity Tax Credits (“WOTC”) for new hires. The effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2016 was favorably impacted by $4.8 million of WOTC from the retroactive reinstatement of the WOTC for calendar year 2015 and the impact of the 2016 WOTC for new hires.
Net Loss from Discontinued Operations
Net loss from discontinued operations was $73.2 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017 related to a legal reserve established in connection with the Augustus and Karapetyan settlement agreements. Refer to “Developments and Trends—Legal,” above, for additional details.
Foreign Currency Translation
During the six months ended April 30, 2017 we recognized as a component of our comprehensive income a foreign currency translation gain of $6.3 million compared with a loss of $4.4 million during the six months ended April 30, 2016. This change was related to the weakening of the U.S. Dollar (“USD”) against the Great Britain Pound during the six months ended April 30, 2017. Future gains and losses on foreign currency translation will be dependent upon changes in the relative value of foreign currencies to the USD and the extent of our foreign assets and liabilities.






30

Segment Information
Financial Information for Each Reportable Segment
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase / (Decrease)
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
1,487.6

 
$
1,474.0

 
$
13.6

 
0.9%
Aviation
464.2

 
406.8

 
57.4

 
14.1%
Emerging Industries Group
392.6

 
394.1

 
(1.5
)
 
(0.4)%
Technical Solutions
218.5

 
194.4

 
24.1

 
12.4%
Government Services
74.3

 
56.2

 
18.1

 
32.1%
 
$
2,637.2

 
$
2,525.5

 
$
111.7

 
4.4%
Operating profit (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business & Industry
$
73.4

 
$
61.0

 
$
12.4

 
20.2%
Operating profit margin
4.9
%
 
4.1
 %
 
79 bps

 
 
Aviation
13.0

 
9.4

 
3.6

 
38.6%
Operating profit margin
2.8
%
 
2.3
 %
 
49 bps

 
 
Emerging Industries Group
24.4

 
27.8

 
(3.4
)
 
(12.4)%
Operating profit margin
6.2
%
 
7.1
 %
 
(85) bps

 
 
Technical Solutions
18.8

 
8.3

 
10.5

 
NM*
Operating profit margin
8.6
%
 
4.3
 %
 
431 bps

 
 
Government Services
20.0

 
(1.3
)
 
21.3

 
NM*
Operating profit (loss) margin
27.0
%
 
(2.2
)%
 
NM*

 
 
Corporate
(71.0
)
 
(75.5
)
 
4.5

 
5.9%
Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services
(2.4
)
 
(3.3
)
 
0.9

 
27.7%
Adjustment for tax deductions for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions
(1.4
)
 
(1.1
)
 
(0.3
)
 
(22.2)%
 
$
74.8

 
$
25.4

 
$
49.4

 
NM*
*Not meaningful
Business & Industry
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
1,487.6

 
$
1,474.0

 
$
13.6

 
0.9%
Operating profit
73.4

 
61.0

 
12.4

 
20.2%
Operating profit margin
4.9
%
 
4.1
%
 
79 bps

 
 
B&I revenues increased by $13.6 million, or 0.9%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to the expansion of existing facility services and janitorial accounts, partially offset by lower parking revenues. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $115.9 million and $113.7 million for the six months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $12.4 million, or 20.2%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 79 bps to 4.9% in the six months ended April 30, 2017 from 4.1% in the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily related to cost control savings from our 2020 Vision initiatives, one less working day during the six months ended April 30, 2017, lower legal settlement costs, and the absence of a specific reserve established for a client receivable. This increase was partially offset by lower profit margins associated with certain leased location arrangements.

31

Aviation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
464.2

 
$
406.8

 
$
57.4

 
14.1%
Operating profit
13.0

 
9.4

 
3.6

 
38.6%
Operating profit margin
2.8
%
 
2.3
%
 
49 bps

 
 
Aviation revenues increased by $57.4 million, or 14.1%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to U.S. organic growth in passenger services, cabin cleaning, transportation, parking, and facility services and to new business in our U.K. operations. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $32.7 million and $40.8 million for the six months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $3.6 million, or 38.6%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 49 bps to 2.8% in the six months ended April 30, 2017 from 2.3% in the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to savings and lower allocated costs from our 2020 Vision initiatives and the absence of both a penalty imposed by a regulatory agency and a specific reserve established for a client receivable. This increase was partially offset by operational issues in certain geographic markets.
Emerging Industries Group
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Decrease
Revenues
$
392.6

 
$
394.1

 
$
(1.5
)
 
(0.4)%
Operating profit
24.4

 
27.8

 
(3.4
)
 
(12.4)%
Operating profit margin
6.2
%
 
7.1
%
 
(85) bps

 
 
Emerging Industries Group revenues decreased by $1.5 million, or 0.4%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease was primarily related to the losses of a multi-location High Tech janitorial contract and certain Education facility services contracts. The decrease in revenues for this segment was partially offset by net new janitorial business in the Education and Healthcare industry groups.
Operating profit decreased by $3.4 million, or 12.4%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin decreased by 85 bps to 6.2% in the six months ended April 30, 2017 from 7.1% in the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to lower contribution margin from certain High Tech contracts, including the loss of a multi-location janitorial account, and higher allocated costs from our 2020 Vision initiatives. The decrease in operating profit margin for this segment was partially offset by one less working day during the six months ended April 30, 2017.
Technical Solutions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
218.5

 
$
194.4

 
$
24.1

 
12.4%
Operating profit
18.8

 
8.3

 
10.5

 
NM*
Operating profit margin
8.6
%
 
4.3
%
 
431 bps

 
 
*Not meaningful
Technical Solutions revenues increased by $24.1 million, or 12.4%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. This increase was primarily attributable to higher project revenues and incremental revenues from acquisitions of $12.0 million.
Operating profit increased by $10.5 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 431 bps to 8.6% in the six months ended April 30, 2017 from 4.3% in the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily

32

attributable to the contribution of higher margin project revenues and the management of our selling, general and administrative expenses.
Government Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Increase
Revenues
$
74.3

 
$
56.2

 
$
18.1

 
32.1%
Operating profit (loss)
20.0

 
(1.3
)
 
21.3

 
NM*
Operating profit (loss) margin
27.0
%
 
(2.2
)%
 
NM*

 
 
*Not meaningful
Government Services revenues increased by $18.1 million, or 32.1%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to mission support, construction, healthcare, and facility services projects.
Operating profit was $20.0 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, an increase of $21.3 million, as compared to an operating loss of $1.3 million during the six months ended April 30, 2016. The increase in operating profit was primarily attributable to the aforementioned $17.4 million impairment recovery, the absence of a specific reserve established for a client receivable, expense management, and the termination of amortization expense associated with the held-for-sale classification.
Corporate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
 
 
 
 
($ in millions)
2017
 
2016
 
Decrease
Corporate expenses
$
(71.0
)
 
$
(75.5
)
 
$
(4.5
)
 
(5.9)%
Corporate expenses decreased by $4.5 million, or 5.9%, during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease in corporate expenses was primarily related to:
•
the absence of a $5.2 million specific reserve established in the three months ended April 30, 2016 for a portion of a client receivable that is the subject of ongoing litigation;
•
a $4.9 million decrease in restructuring and related costs as a result of the completion of our 2020 Vision organizational realignment; and
•
a $3.2 million reimbursement of previously expensed fees associated with a concluded internal investigation into a foreign entity formerly affiliated with a joint venture during the six months ended April 30, 2017.
This decrease was partially offset by:
•
a $2.6 million increase in costs to support our 2020 Vision initiatives;
•
a $2.3 million increase in legal costs; and
•
a $1.1 million increase in sales tax reserve for certain sales tax audits.







33

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are operating cash flows and borrowing capacity under our line of credit. We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our short- and long-term cash requirements. As such, we project our anticipated cash requirements as well as cash flows generated from operating activities to meet those needs.
As discussed within “Developments and Trends” above, the expected settlements of the Augustus and Karapetyan cases will have an impact on our liquidity. As a result, we are reevaluating certain uses of cash in the short term, including share repurchases. In addition to normal working capital requirements, we anticipate that our short-term cash requirements will include funding legal settlements, dividend payments, and 2020 Vision external support fees. We anticipate long-term cash uses will include strategic acquisitions, share repurchases, and capital expenditures.
We believe that our operating cash flows and borrowing capacity under our line of credit are sufficient to fund our cash requirements for the next twelve months. In the event that our plans change or our cash requirements are greater than we anticipate, we may access the capital markets to finance future cash requirements. However, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available to us should we need it or, if available, that the terms will be satisfactory to us and not dilutive to existing shareholders.
On a long-term basis, we will continue to rely on our line of credit for any long-term funding not provided by operating cash flows. In addition, we anticipate that future cash generated from operations will be favorably impacted by working capital improvements driven by our 2020 Vision, such as the management of costs through consolidated procurement.
Reinvestment of Foreign Earnings
We plan to reinvest our foreign earnings to fund future non-U.S. growth and expansion. As a result, we have not provided for federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes that may result if such earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are remitted to the United States. We believe that our cash on hand in the United States, along with our line of credit and future domestic cash flows, are sufficient to satisfy our domestic liquidity requirements.
Line of Credit
At April 30, 2017, the total outstanding amounts under our $800.0 million line of credit in the form of cash borrowings and standby letters of credit were $277.9 million and $128.9 million, respectively. At April 30, 2017, we had up to $393.2 million of borrowing capacity under our line of credit. Current covenant restrictions limit our borrowing capacity to $262.1 million, however the leverage ratio could increase for up to four fiscal quarters if we complete a material acquisition, as defined in the credit agreement.
Our ability to draw down available capacity under our line of credit is subject to, and limited by, compliance with certain financial covenants, including covenants relating to a fixed charge coverage ratio, a leverage ratio, and consolidated net worth. On January 6, 2017, ABM entered into an amendment (the “Seventh Amendment”) to our line of credit that amends, among other things, the calculations of certain financial covenants to incorporate adjustments with respect to particular cash and non-cash charges, including any reserves, taken in connection with certain litigation. Other covenants under our line of credit include limitations on liens, dispositions, fundamental changes, investments, and certain transactions and payments. As of April 30, 2017, we were in compliance with these covenants and expect to be in compliance in the foreseeable future.
Captive Insurance Company
In the first quarter of 2015, we formed IFM Assurance Company (“IFM”), a wholly-owned captive insurance company. IFM is part of our enterprise-wide, multi-year insurance strategy that is intended to better position our risk and safety programs and provide us with increased flexibility in the end-to-end management of our insurance programs. IFM began providing coverage to us as of January 1, 2015. In 2017, we expect accelerated cash tax savings related to coverage provided by IFM will be between $10 million and $15 million.
Share Repurchases
On September 2, 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $200.0 million shares of our common stock. Purchases may take place on the open market or otherwise, and all or part of the repurchases

34

may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, future cash flows, share price, and share availability. Repurchased shares are retired and returned to an authorized but unissued status. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. At April 30, 2017, authorization for $134.1 million of repurchases remained under our share repurchase program.
Repurchase Activity
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)
2017
 
2016
Total number of shares purchased
0.2

 
0.7

Average price paid per share
$
40.07

 
$
29.82

Total cash paid for share repurchases
$
7.9

 
$
21.5

Cash Flows
In addition to revenues and operating profit, our management views operating cash flows as a good indicator of financial performance, because strong operating cash flows provide opportunities for growth both organically and through acquisitions. Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations was $50.1 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017. Operating cash flows primarily depend on: revenue levels; the quality and timing of collections of accounts receivable (including receivables from U.S. government contracts, which generally have longer collection periods); the timing of payments to suppliers and other vendors; the timing and amount of income tax payments; and the timing and amount of payments on insurance claims.
 
Six Months Ended April 30,
(in millions)
2017
 
2016
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations
$
50.1

 
$
79.0

Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations
(2.0
)
 
(22.5
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
48.1

 
56.5

 
 
 
 
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations
(46.0
)
 
(91.3
)
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations
—

 
(3.1
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(46.0
)
 
(94.4
)
 
 
 
 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
(0.5
)
 
28.6

Operating Activities of Continuing Operations
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations decreased by $28.9 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. This decrease was primarily related to the timing of client receivable collections, partially offset by the timing of vendor payments.
Operating Activities of Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations decreased by $20.5 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. This decrease was primarily attributable to the absence of $20.6 million in taxes paid related to the sale of our Security business.
Investing Activities of Continuing Operations
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations decreased by $45.3 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease was primarily related to a $62.4 million year-over-year decrease in cash paid, net of cash acquired, for acquisitions.
    

35

Investing Activities of Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations decreased by $3.1 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017, as compared to the six months ended April 30, 2016. The decrease was related to the absence of the payment of the final working capital adjustment from the sale of our Security business.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $0.5 million during the six months ended April 30, 2017 as compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $28.6 million during the six months ended April 30, 2016, a change of $29.1 million. The change was primarily related to lower net borrowings of $41.3 million associated with greater financing activity in the first quarter of 2016 to fund the Westway acquisition and to $7.9 million lower proceeds from energy savings performance contract projects during the six months ended April 30, 2017, partially offset by $13.6 million in lower common stock repurchases.
Contingencies
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees.
At April 30, 2017, the total amount accrued for all probable litigation losses where a reasonable estimate of the loss could be made was $129.0 million. This $129.0 million includes the accrual of $115.0 million in connection with the probable settlements of the Augustus and Karapetyan cases, as well as an accrual for payroll taxes related to the probable settlements of $6.8 million. The remaining $7.2 million relates to various other probable litigation losses. Litigation outcomes are difficult to predict, and the estimation of probable losses requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. There is the potential for a material adverse effect on our financial statements if one or more matters are resolved in a particular period in an amount materially in excess of what we anticipated.
We do not accrue for contingent losses that, in our judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. The estimation of reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. Our management currently estimates the range of loss for all reasonably possible losses for which a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made is between zero and $16 million. Factors underlying this estimated range of loss may change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate.
In some cases, although a loss is probable or reasonably possible, we cannot reasonably estimate the maximum potential losses for probable matters or the range of losses for reasonably possible matters. Therefore, our accrual for probable losses and our estimated range of loss for reasonably possible losses do not represent our maximum possible exposure.
For additional information about our contingencies, see Note 12, “Commitments and Contingencies,” in the Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our accompanying Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), which require us to make estimates in the application of our accounting policies based on the best assumptions, judgments, and opinions of our management. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates. For a description of our critical accounting policies, see Item 7., “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report.

36

Recent Accounting Pronouncements    
Accounting Standard
 
Description
 
Effective Date/Method of Adoption
 
Effect on the Financial Statements
In May 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-10, Service Concession Arrangements (Topic 853): Determining the Customer of the Operation Services.
 
This ASU provides clarity on determining the customer in a service concession arrangement.

 
November 1, 2018
We will adopt this standard in conjunction with ASU 2014-09, as described below.
 
We are currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and will continue to evaluate alongside our evaluation of implementing ASU 2014-09.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation—
Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.
 
This ASU clarifies which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting.
 
November 1, 2018

Adoption of this standard will be applied prospectively to awards modified on or after the adoption date.
 
The impact of this new standard will depend on the extent and nature of future changes to the terms of our share-based payment awards. Historically, we have not had significant changes to our share-based payment awards and therefore do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation—
Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.
 
To align with the presentation of compensation costs arising from services rendered by employees, this ASU requires classification of the service cost component of pension expense as an operating expense. The other components of pension expense, such as interest cost, amortization of prior service cost, and gains or losses, are required to be presented outside of operating expenses. This ASU also allows the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization, when applicable.
 
November 1, 2018

Adoption of this standard will be applied retrospectively for the classification requirements and prospectively for the capitalization of the service cost component requirement. 
 
As ABM’s defined benefit and postretirement benefit plans were previously amended to preclude new participants, the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—
Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.
 
Under previous U.S. GAAP, entities were required to test goodwill for impairment using a two step approach. Under this ASU, an entity will assess goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, which is the equivalent of step one under existing guidance. Therefore, this ASU simplifies previous U.S. GAAP by removing the second step of the test.
 
We early adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2017 on a prospective basis.
 
There was no impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption based on the underlying excess of fair value over carrying value of our reporting units, as initially assessed. Future impact to our consolidated financial statements will depend on the outcomes of future goodwill impairment tests; however, we do not expect a material impact based on current factors.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business.
 
This ASU creates a narrower framework to be applied in the determination of whether a set of assets and activities constitutes a business, which reduces the number of transactions that qualify as business combinations.
 
We early adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2017 on a prospective basis.
 
We do not expect this guidance to reduce the number of our transactions that qualify as business combinations.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).
 
This ASU improves transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and to disclose key information about leasing arrangements.
 
November 1, 2019

When transitioning to the new standard, we are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach.
 
We are currently evaluating the impact of implementing this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

37

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).
 
This ASU introduces a new principles-based framework for revenue recognition and disclosure. The core principle of the standard is when an entity transfers goods or services to customers it will recognize revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to be entitled to for those goods or services.
 
November 1, 2018

This standard will be applied as a full retrospective adoption to all periods presented or a modified retrospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption.
 
We have begun our process for implementing this guidance, including a preliminary review of all revenue streams to identify changes from our current method of revenue recognition. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.


38

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
There are no material changes related to market risk from the disclosures in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2016.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
a. Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
b. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
We are currently migrating many of our financial reporting and processes to our shared services center as part of our 2020 Vision strategic transformation initiative. We plan to continue migrating such processes during 2017.
There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter of 2017 identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
    
A discussion of material developments in our litigation matters occurring in the period covered by this report is found in Note 12, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to the Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes to the risk factors identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 31, 2016, in response to Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” of Part I of the Annual Report.

39

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
Not applicable.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit No.
 
Exhibit Description
10.1*‡
 
31.1‡
 
31.2‡
 
32†
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Report Instance Document
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
 
XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
*
Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract, or arrangement.
 
 
‡
Indicates filed herewith
 
 
†
Indicates furnished herewith



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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
ABM Industries Incorporated


June 8, 2017
 
/s/ D. Anthony Scaglione
 
 
D. Anthony Scaglione
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer)




June 8, 2017
 
/s/ Dean A. Chin
 
 
Dean A. Chin
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer,
and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)








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