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Stock-based Compensation Expense (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2017

A summary of restricted stock activity for the three months ended April 30, 2017 is as follows:



	Unvested Restricted Stock Units		Weighted average grant date fair value per share
	(in thousands)
Unvested restricted stock units at January 31, 2017	7,622.4		$	60.13
Granted	622.5		90.47
Vested	(890.9	)	57.85
Canceled/Forfeited	(105.4	)	57.62
Performance Adjustment (1)	24.7		61.79
Unvested restricted stock units at April 30, 2017	7,273.3		$	63.73

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(1)	Based on Autodesk's financial results and relative total stockholder return for the fiscal 2017 performance period. The performance stock units were attained at rates ranging from 99.7% to 114.7% of the target award.

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended April 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, as follows:



	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2017		2016
Cost of maintenance and subscription revenue	$	2.8	$	2.0
Cost of license and other revenue	1.1		1.4
Marketing and sales	26.4		21.5
Research and development	21.2		18.9
General and administrative	15.3		7.8
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESPP purchases, net of tax	$	66.8	$	51.6

Autodesk uses the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards:



	Three Months Ended April 30, 2017		Three Months Ended April 30, 2016
	Performance Stock Unit	ESPP	Performance Stock Unit	ESPP
Range of expected volatilities	31.8%	31.4 - 33.7%	38.4 - 38.6%	35.0 - 40.2%
Range of expected lives (in years)	N/A	0.5 - 2.0	N/A	0.5 - 2.0
Expected dividends	—%	—%	—%	—%
Range of risk-free interest rates	1.0%	0.9 - 1.3%	0.6 - 0.7%	0.5 - 0.9%