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Compensation Programs
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Compensation Programs [Abstract]  
Compensation Programs

NOTE 9 — COMPENSATION PROGRAMS

The compensation committee of Capstead's board of directors administers all compensation programs for employees including salaries and related programs, annual incentive compensation and long-term equity-based awards, as well as other benefit programs.

Performance-based Cash Compensation Program to Augment Base Salaries

In 2008 the compensation committee began implementing a performance-based cash compensation program designed to introduce a variable component to the base compensation for executive officers. This program provides for payments equal to the per share dividend declared on the Company's common stock multiplied by a notional amount of non-vesting or "phantom" common shares ("Dividend Equivalent Rights"). Dividend Equivalent Rights are not attached to any stock or option awards and only have the right to receive the same cash distributions that the Company's common stockholders are entitled to receive during the term of the grants, subject to certain conditions, including continuous service. In August 2011, the compensation committee granted an additional 72,000 Dividend Equivalent Rights that expire on July 1, 2014. In addition, the committee extended the expiration of previous grants by one year such that all grants expire on July 1, 2014. Dividend Equivalent Rights issued and outstanding at March 31, 2012 and the related compensation costs for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

 

      Total      Quarter Ended March 31  

Month of Grant

   Grant      2012      2011  

July 2008

     225,000       $ 97,000       $ 92,000   

July 2009

     225,000         97,000         92,000   

July 2010

     60,000         26,000         25,000   

August 2011

     72,000         31,000         —     
     

 

 

    

 

 

 
      $ 251,000       $ 209,000   
     

 

 

    

 

 

 

Annual Incentive Compensation

To provide employees with an appropriate performance-based annual incentive compensation opportunity, each year the compensation committee approves an incentive formula designed to create an incentive pool to serve as a guideline for the award of annual incentive compensation that is directly linked with the performance of the Company. The formula adopted accomplishes this by establishing an incentive pool equal to a percentage participation in the Company's earnings in excess of a pre-established performance threshold subject to a maximum amount, or cap, available to be paid in any one year. The committee has complete discretion with respect to the amount to be distributed from the pool, including its allocation between executive officers and other employees and the form of payment (e.g., cash or equity awards). Distributions are typically made subsequent to year-end.

The current formula for the incentive pool is based on a 10.0% participation in "annual earnings," in excess of a benchmark amount established by multiplying "average long-term investment capital" by the greater of 10.0%, or the average 10-year U.S. Treasury rate plus 200 basis points, subject to a cap of 50 basis points multiplied by "average long-term investment capital." Annual earnings for formula purposes equates to Net income excluding (i) Incentive compensation, (ii) any gains or losses from asset sales or writedowns, including impairment charges, and (iii) interest on Unsecured borrowings, net of equity in the earnings of related statutory trusts reflected in the balance sheet as Investments in unconsolidated affiliates. Average long-term investment capital for formula purposes equates to average Unsecured borrowings, net of related investments in statutory trusts, and average Stockholders' equity, excluding (i) Accumulated other comprehensive income, (ii) incentive compensation accruals, (iii) certain gains or losses from asset sales or writedowns, and (iv) interest accruals on Unsecured borrowings.

Long-term Equity-based Awards

The Company sponsors equity-based award plans to provide for the issuance of stock awards, option awards and other long-term equity-based awards to directors and employees (collectively, the "Plans"). At March 31, 2012, the Plans had 858,668 common shares remaining available for future issuance.

In 2008 the Company implemented a performance-based stock award program in lieu of its previous practice of issuing service-based awards to employees. As this program is currently configured, the first 50% of awards granted each year vest provided certain performance criteria pertaining to a three-year measurement period that starts at the beginning of the following calendar year are met. The remaining 50% vests provided performance criteria pertaining to a three-year measurement period beginning one year later are met. If the performance criteria are not met at the end of a three-year measurement period, vesting will be deferred and a new three-year measurement period will be established to include the subsequent year, up to and including the seventh calendar year after the year of grant. Any remaining unvested awards will expire if the performance criteria for the final three-year measurement period are not met. The performance criteria establishes an annualized threshold return on the Company's long-term investment capital, subject to certain adjustments, that must be exceeded for the awards to vest equal to the greater of 8.0% or the average 10-year U.S. Treasury rate plus 200 basis points. The following table includes performance-based stock awards issued to employees with related measurement period information at March 31, 2012:

 

The following table includes service-based stock awards issued to directors and employees with related vesting information (subject to certain restrictions, principally continuous service), at March 31, 2012:

 

 

Performance- and service-based stock award activity for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 is summarized below:

 

     Number of
Shares
    Weighted Average
Grant Date

Fair Value
 

Unvested stock awards outstanding at December 31, 2011

     597,418      $ 12.41   

Vestings

     (90,097     10.90   
  

 

 

   

Unvested stock awards outstanding at March 31, 2012

     507,321        12.68   
  

 

 

   

During the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized in Salaries and benefits $469,000 and $391,000, respectively, related to amortization of the grant date fair value of employee stock awards. The amounts amortized for these periods assumed that performance criteria, if applicable, would continue to be met for related initial measurement periods. In addition, the Company recognized in Other general and administrative expense $80,000 and $36,000 related to amortization of the grant date fair value of service-based director stock awards during the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. All service-based stock awards, as well as performance-based stock awards granted in 2008 and 2009, are entitled to receive dividends on a current basis without risk of forfeiture if the related awards do not vest. Performance-based awards granted subsequent to 2009 defer the payment of dividends accruing during the vesting period until vesting and if the related awards do not vest these accrued dividends will be forfeited. At March 31, 2012 dividends accrued pertaining to these awards totaled $445,000 and are included in Common stock dividend payable. Unrecognized compensation expense for unvested stock awards totaled $4.2 million as of March 31, 2012, to be expensed over a weighted average period of 1.7 years, assuming performance criteria, if applicable, are met for related initial measurement periods.

Option awards currently outstanding have contractual terms and vesting requirements at the grant date of ten years and were issued with strike prices equal to the quoted market prices of the Company's common shares on the date of grant. The fair value of each option award was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company estimated option exercises, expected holding periods and forfeitures based on past experience and expectations for option performance and employee or director attrition. Risk-free rates were based on market rates for the expected life of the options. Expected dividends were based on historical experience and expectations for future performance. Expected volatility factors were based on historical experience. No option awards were granted during the quarter ended March 31, 2012 or during 2011. Option award activity for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 is summarized below:

 

      Number of
Shares
    Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 

Option awards outstanding at December 31, 2011

     256,250      $ 10.71   

Exercises

     (36,250     10.06   
  

 

 

   

Option awards outstanding at March 31, 2012

     220,000        10.82   
  

 

 

   

Exercisable option awards outstanding as of March 31, 2012 totaled 220,000 shares with a weighted average remaining contractual term of 5.2 years, an average exercise price of $10.82 and an aggregate intrinsic value of $518,000. The total intrinsic value of option awards exercised during the quarter ended March 31, 2012 was $125,000.

Other Benefit Programs

Capstead sponsors a qualified defined contribution retirement plan for all employees and a nonqualified deferred compensation plan for certain of its officers. In general the Company matches up to 50% of a participant's voluntary contribution up to a maximum of 6% of a participant's compensation and makes discretionary contributions of up to another 3% of compensation regardless of participation in the plans. Company contributions are subject to certain vesting requirements. During the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company recognized in Salaries and benefits $133,000 and $112,000 related to contributions to these plans, respectively.