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Impairments of Real Estate
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Asset Impairment Charges [Abstract]  
Impairments of Real Estate Impairments of Real Estate
2021
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $22 million, which is reported in impairments and loan loss reserves (recoveries), net, related to: (i) three MOBs that met the held for sale criteria during the year and (ii) one MOB held for use; the aggregate fair value of these four MOBs was $14 million as of the related impairment assessment dates. For the three MOBs that met the held for sale criteria during the year, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $5 million to write down the properties’ aggregate carrying value to their aggregate fair value, less estimated costs to sell. For the MOB held for use, the Company recognized a $17 million impairment charge in the fourth quarter of 2021 due to its intent to demolish the MOB for a future development project.
Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $4 million related to one SHOP asset, which is reported in income (loss) from discontinued operations. Following a reduction in the expected sales price of the SHOP asset occurring in the second quarter of 2021, the Company wrote down its carrying value of $20 million to its fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of $16 million.
The fair values of the impaired assets were based on forecasted sales prices and market comparable data, which are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. These fair values are typically determined using an income approach and/or a market approach (comparable sales model), which rely on certain assumptions by management, including: (i) market capitalization rates, (ii) comparable market transactions, (iii) estimated prices per unit, (iv) negotiations with prospective buyers, and (v) forecasted cash flow streams (lease revenue rates, expense rates, growth rates, etc.). There are inherent uncertainties in making these assumptions. For the Company’s impairment calculation during and as of the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company’s fair value estimates primarily relied on a market approach, which utilized comparable market transactions and negotiations with prospective buyers.
2020
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $15 million related to one life science facility due to its intent to demolish the facility for a future development project.
Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $210 million ($201 million of which is reported in income (loss) from discontinued operations) related to 42 SHOP assets, 5 senior housing triple-net assets, 5 MOBs, and 1 undeveloped MOB land parcel as a result of being classified as held for sale and wrote down their aggregate carrying value of $960 million to their aggregate fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of $750 million.
For the Company’s impairment calculations during and as of the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company’s fair value estimates primarily relied on a market approach and utilized prices per unit ranging from $13,000 to $300,000, with a weighted average price per unit of $164,000. When utilizing the income approach, assumptions include, but are not limited to, terminal capitalization rates ranging from 5.5% to 7.5% and discount rates ranging from 8.0% to 9.5%. The fair value of the assets are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
2019
During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $4 million related to one MOB due to its intent to demolish the MOB for a future development project.
Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized an aggregate impairment charge of $194 million ($189 million of which is reported in income (loss) from discontinued operations) related to 8 senior housing triple-net assets, 27 SHOP assets, 3 MOBs, and 1 other non-reportable asset as a result of being classified as held for sale and wrote down their aggregate carrying value of $416 million to their aggregate fair value, less estimated costs to sell, of $223 million.
The fair value of the impaired assets was based on forecasted sales prices, which are considered to be Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. For the Company’s impairment calculations during and as of the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company estimated the fair value of each asset using either (i) market capitalization rates ranging from 4.97% to 8.27%, with a weighted average rate of 6.22% or (ii) prices per unit ranging from $24,000 to $125,000, with a weighted average
price of $73,000.
Lastly, during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company determined the carrying value of two MOBs and one SHOP asset that were candidates for potential future sale were no longer recoverable due to the Company’s shortened intended hold period under the held-for-use impairment model. Accordingly, the Company wrote-down the carrying amount of these three assets to their respective fair value, which resulted in an aggregate impairment charge of $18 million ($9 million of which is reported in income (loss) from discontinued operations). The fair value of the assets are considered to be Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy.
Goodwill Impairment
When testing goodwill for impairment, if the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the Company recognizes an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value, including goodwill, exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value.
In connection with the disposition of the Company’s remaining senior housing triple-net and SHOP assets, the Company performed impairment assessments during the year ended December 31, 2021. As a result of these assessments, the Company recognized a $29 million goodwill impairment charge reported in income (loss) from discontinued operations, comprised of the following: (i) a $7 million goodwill impairment charge recognized during the second quarter of 2021, as the fair value of the remaining assets based on forecasted sales prices was less than the carrying value of the assets including the related goodwill as of the assessment date and (ii) a $22 million goodwill impairment charge recognized during the third quarter of 2021 to reduce the associated goodwill balance to zero following the sale of the remaining assets within the reporting units associated with the senior housing triple-net and SHOP portfolios.
These fair value estimates primarily relied on a market approach, utilizing comparable market transactions, forecasted sales prices, and negotiations with prospective buyers. These estimates are considered to be a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy, and are subject to inherent uncertainties.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the fair value of the assets within each of the Company’s other reporting units was greater than the respective carrying value of the assets and related goodwill, and as a result, no impairment loss was recognized with respect to the other reporting units. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, no goodwill impairment loss was recognized.
Other
See Note 7 for information on the 2019 impairment charge related to the write-down of a DFL portfolio to its fair value. See Note 8 for information related to the Company's reserve for loan losses.