Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Management is required to make estimates and assumptions in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of HCP, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures (“JVs”) and variable interest entities ("VIEs") that it controls through voting rights or other means. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows have been included. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2017. The accompanying unaudited interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2016 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Real Estate

On January 1, 2017 the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”) which narrows the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) definition of a business and provides a framework that gives entities a basis for making reasonable judgments about whether a transaction involves an asset, or a group of assets, or a business. ASU 2017-01 states that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. If this initial test is not met, a set cannot be considered a business unless it includes an acquired input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. In addition, ASU 2017-01 clarifies the requirements for a set of activities to be considered a business and narrows the definition of an output. This ASU is to be applied prospectively and the Company expects that a majority of its future real estate acquisitions and dispositions will be deemed asset transactions rather than business combinations. As a result, for asset acquisitions the Company will record identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any associated noncontrolling interests at cost on a relative fair value basis. In addition, for such asset acquisitions, no goodwill will be recognized, third party transaction costs will be capitalized and any associated contingent consideration will be recorded when the contingency is resolved.

Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable segments, based on how it evaluates its business and allocates resources, are as follows: (i) senior housing triple-net, (ii) SHOP, (iii) life science and (iv) medical office.

Prior to the third quarter of 2016, the Company had five reportable segments: (i) senior housing, (ii) post-acute/skilled nursing, (iii) life science, (iv) medical office and (v) hospital. During the third quarter of 2016, primarily as a result of the planned spin-off of Quality Care Properties, Inc. (“QCP”) (NYSE:QCP), the Company revised its operating analysis structure and changed its reportable segments. The Company believes the change to its reportable segments is appropriate and consistent with how its chief operating decision makers review the Company’s operating results and determine resource allocations. Accordingly, all prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the Company’s consolidated financial statements have been reclassified for prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified on consolidated statements of operations for discontinued operations (see Note 4). See Segment Reporting above for additional reclassifications.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (“ASU 2017-05”). The amendments in ASU 2017-05 clarify the scope of the FASB’s recently established guidance on nonfinancial asset derecognition which applies to the derecognition of all nonfinancial assets and in-substance nonfinancial assets. In addition, ASU 2017-05 clarifies the accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets and in-substance nonfinancial assets to align with the new revenue recognition standard (see below). ASU 2017-05 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within, and must be adopted in conjunction with the Revenue ASUs (as defined below). ASU 2017-05 can be adopted using a full retrospective approach or a modified retrospective approach, resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the fiscal year in which the guidance is effective. The Company has not yet elected a transition method and is evaluating the complete impact of the adoption of the Revenue ASUs (see below) on January 1, 2018 to its consolidated financial position, results of operations and disclosures. The Company expects to complete its evaluation of the impacts of the Revenue ASUs during the second half of 2017.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 is intended to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recognition of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 eliminate the “probable” initial threshold for recognition of credit losses in current accounting guidance and, instead, reflect an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses over the life of the financial instrument. Previously, when credit losses were measured under current accounting guidance, an entity generally only considered past events and current conditions in measuring the incurred loss. The amendments in ASU 2016-13 broaden the information that an entity must consider in developing its expected credit loss estimate for assets measured either collectively or individually. The use of forecasted information incorporates more timely information in the estimate of expected credit loss. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2018. A reporting entity is required to apply the amendments in ASU 2016-13 using a modified retrospective approach by recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. A prospective transition approach is required for debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized before the effective date. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, the Company is required to reassess its financing receivables, including direct finance leases and loans receivable, and expects that application of ASU 2016-13 may result in the Company recognizing credit losses at an earlier date than would otherwise be recognized under current accounting guidance. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 to its consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Between May 2014 and May 2016, the FASB issued three ASUs changing the requirements for recognizing and reporting revenue (together, herein referred to as the “Revenue ASUs”): (i) ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), (ii) ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) (“ASU 2016-08”) and (iii) ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients (“ASU 2016-12”). ASU 2014-09 provides guidance for revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2016-08 is intended to improve the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. ASU 2016-12 provides practical expedients and improvements on the previously narrow scope of ASU 2014-09. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date (“ASU 2015-14”). ASU 2015-14 defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year to fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2017. All subsequent ASUs related to ASU 2014-09, including ASU 2016-08 and ASU 2016-12, assumed the deferred effective date enforced by ASU 2015-14. Early adoption of the Revenue ASUs is permitted for annual periods, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2016. A reporting entity may apply the amendments in the Revenue ASUs using either a modified retrospective approach, by recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption or full retrospective approach.

As the primary source of revenue for the Company is generated through leasing arrangements, which are excluded from the Revenue ASUs (as it relates to the timing and recognition of revenue), the Company expects that it may be impacted in its recognition of non-lease revenue, such as certain resident fees in its RIDEA structures (a portion of which are not generated through leasing arrangements), non-lease components of revenue from lease agreements and its recognition of real estate sale transactions. Under ASU 2014-09, revenue recognition for real estate sales is largely based on the transfer of control versus continuing involvement under current guidance. As a result, the Company generally expects that the new guidance will result in more transactions qualifying as sales of real estate and revenue being recognized at an earlier date than under current accounting guidance. Additionally, upon adoption of the Revenue ASUs in 2018, the Company anticipates that it will be required to separately disclose the components of its total revenue between lease revenue accounted for under existing lease guidance and service revenue accounted for under the new Revenue ASUs, including non-lease components such as certain services embedded in base leasing fees. The Company has not yet elected a transition method and is evaluating the complete impact of the adoption of the Revenue ASUs on January 1, 2018 to its consolidated financial position, results of operations and disclosures. The Company expects to complete its evaluation of the impacts of the Revenue ASUs during the second half of 2017.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“ASU 2016-02”). ASU 2016-02 amends the current accounting for leases to: (i) require lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets, but continue recognizing expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to requirements under current accounting guidance, (ii) eliminate current real estate specific lease provisions and (iii) modify the classification criteria and accounting for sales-type leases for lessors. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The transition method required by ASU 2016-02 varies based on the specific amendment being adopted. As a result of adopting ASU 2016-02, the Company will recognize all of its significant operating leases for which it is the lessee, including corporate office leases and ground leases, on its consolidated balance sheets and will capitalize fewer legal costs related to the drafting and execution of its lease agreements. From a lessor perspective, the Company expects that it will be required to further bifurcate lease agreements to separately recognize and disclose non-lease components that are executory in nature. Lease components will continue to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and certain non-lease components will be accounted for under the new revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09. The disaggregated disclosure of lease and executory non-lease components (e.g., maintenance) will be required upon the adoption of ASU 2016-02 . The Company anticipates that it will elect a practical expedient offered in ASU 2016-02 that allows an entity to not reassess the following upon adoption (must be elected as a group): (i) whether an expired or existing contract contains a lease arrangement, (ii) lease classification related to expired or existing lease arrangements, or (iii) whether costs incurred on expired or existing leases qualify as initial direct costs. The Company does not expect the bifurcation of non-lease components from a lease agreement to significantly impact the existing revenue recognition pattern. The Company is still evaluating the complete impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on January 1, 2019 to its consolidated financial position, results of operations and disclosures.

The following ASUs have been issued, but not yet adopted, and the Company does not expect a material impact to its consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures upon adoption:

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ASU No. 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2019 (upon the first goodwill impairment test performed during that fiscal year). Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. A reporting entity must apply the amendments in ASU 2017-04 using a prospective approach.


•	ASU No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”). ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. A reporting entity must apply the amendments in ASU 2016-18 using a full retrospective approach.

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ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory (“ASU 2016-16”). ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of the first interim period presented in any year following issuance. A reporting entity must apply the amendments in ASU 2016-16 using a modified retrospective approach by recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.


•	ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (“ASU 2016-15”). ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. A reporting entity must apply the amendments in ASU 2016-15 using a full retrospective approach.

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ASU No. 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted only for updates to certain disclosure requirements. A reporting entity is required to apply the amendments in ASU 2016-01 using a modified retrospective approach by recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to equity as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption.