Derivative Accounting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative financial instruments are used to manage exposure to commodity price and transportation costs of electricity, natural gas, emissions allowances, and interest rates. Risks associated with market volatility are managed by utilizing various physical and financial derivative instruments, including futures, forwards, options, and swaps. As part of our overall risk management program, we may use derivative instruments to hedge purchases and sales of electricity and natural gas. Derivative instruments that meet certain hedge accounting criteria may be designated as cash flow hedges and are used to limit our exposure to cash flow variability on forecasted transactions. The changes in market value of such instruments have a high correlation to price changes in the hedged transactions. Derivative instruments are also entered into for economic hedging purposes. While economic hedges may mitigate exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices, these instruments have not been designated as accounting hedges. Contracts that have the same terms (quantities, delivery points and delivery periods) and for which

power does not flow are netted, which reduces both revenues and fuel and purchased power costs in our Consolidated Statements of Income, but does not impact our financial condition, net income, or cash flows.

Our derivative instruments, excluding those qualifying for a scope exception, are recorded on the balance sheet as an asset or liability and are measured at fair value. See Note 13 for a discussion of fair value measurements. Derivative instruments may qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception if they require physical delivery, and the quantities represent those transacted in the normal course of business. Derivative instruments qualifying for the normal purchases and sales scope exception are accounted for under the accrual method of accounting and excluded from our derivative instrument discussion and disclosures below.

For its regulated operations, APS defers for future rate treatment 100% of the unrealized gains and losses on derivatives pursuant to the PSA mechanism that would otherwise be recognized in income. Realized gains and losses on derivatives are deferred in accordance with the PSA to the extent the amounts are above or below the Base Fuel Rate. See Note 4. Gains and losses from derivatives in the following tables represent the amounts reflected in income before the effect of PSA deferrals.

The following table shows the outstanding gross notional volume of derivatives, which represent both purchases and sales (does not reflect net position):

Quantity

Commodity

Unit of Measure

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Power

GWh

—

368

Gas

Billion cubic feet

155

205

Gains and Losses from Derivative Instruments

The following table provides information about APS’s gains and losses from derivative instruments in designated cash flow accounting hedging relationships (dollars in thousands):


	Financial Statement	Year Ended December 31,
Commodity Contracts	Location	2021		2020		2019

Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion Realized) (a)	Fuel and purchased power (b)	$	—	$	(763)	$	(1,512)

(a)During the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we had no gains or losses reclassified from accumulated OCI to earnings related to discontinued cash flow hedges.

(b)Amounts are before the effect of PSA deferrals.

During the next twelve months, we estimate that no amounts will be reclassified from accumulated OCI into income. For APS, the delivery period for all derivative instruments in designated cash flow accounting hedging relationships have lapsed.

The following table provides information about gains and losses from derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedging instruments (dollars in thousands):


	Financial Statement	Year Ended December 31,
Commodity Contracts	Location	2021		2020		2019

Net Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income	Fuel and purchased power (a)	$	216,847	$	(3,178)	$	(84,953)

(a)Amounts are before the effect of PSA deferrals.

Derivative Instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets

Our derivative transactions are typically executed under standardized or customized agreements, which include collateral requirements and, in the event of a default, would allow for the netting of positive and negative exposures associated with a single counterparty. Agreements that allow for the offsetting of positive and negative exposures associated with a single counterparty are considered master netting arrangements. Transactions with counterparties that have master netting arrangements are offset and reported net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Transactions that do not allow for offsetting of positive and negative positions are reported gross on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We do not offset a counterparty’s current derivative contracts with the counterparty’s non-current derivative contracts, although our master netting arrangements would allow current and non-current positions to be offset in the event of a default. These types of transactions may include non-derivative instruments, derivatives qualifying for scope exceptions, trade receivables and trade payables arising from settled positions, and other forms of non-cash collateral (such as letters of credit). These types of transactions are excluded from the offsetting tables presented below.

The following tables provide information about the fair value of our risk management activities reported on a gross basis and the impacts of offsetting. These amounts relate to commodity contracts and are located in the assets and liabilities from risk management activities lines of our Consolidated Balance Sheets.


As of December 31, 2021: (dollars in thousands)	Gross Recognized Derivatives (a)		Amounts Offset (b)		Net Recognized Derivatives		Other (c)		Amounts Reported on Balance Sheets
Current assets	$	66,777	$	(3,346)	$	63,431	$	50	$	63,481
Investments and other assets	48,302		(1,394)		46,908		—		46,908
Total assets	115,079		(4,740)		110,339		50		110,389

Current liabilities	(6,084)		3,346		(2,738)		(1,635)		(4,373)
Deferred credits and other	(1,394)		1,394		—		—		—
Total liabilities	(7,478)		4,740		(2,738)		(1,635)		(4,373)
Total	$	107,601	$	—	$	107,601	$	(1,585)	$	106,016

(a)All of our gross recognized derivative instruments were subject to master netting arrangements.

(b)No cash collateral has been provided to counterparties, or received from counterparties, that is subject to offsetting.

(c)Represents cash collateral and cash margin that is not subject to offsetting. Amounts relate to non-derivative instruments, derivatives qualifying for scope exceptions, or collateral and margin posted in excess of the recognized derivative instrument. Includes cash collateral received from counterparties of $1,635 and cash margin provided to counterparties of $50.


As of December 31, 2020: (dollars in thousands)	Gross Recognized Derivatives (a)		Amounts Offset (b)		Net Recognized Derivatives		Other (c)		Amounts Reported on Balance Sheets
Current assets	$	5,870	$	(2,939)	$	2,931	$	—	$	2,931
Investments and other assets	3,150		(1,332)		1,818		—		1,818
Total assets	9,020		(4,271)		4,749		—		4,749

Current liabilities	(9,211)		2,939		(6,272)		(1,285)		(7,557)
Deferred credits and other	(12,394)		1,332		(11,062)		—		(11,062)
Total liabilities	(21,605)		4,271		(17,334)		(1,285)		(18,619)
Total	$	(12,585)	$	—	$	(12,585)	$	(1,285)	$	(13,870)

(a)All of our gross recognized derivative instruments were subject to master netting arrangements.

(b)No cash collateral has been provided to counterparties, or received from counterparties, that is subject to offsetting.

Credit Risk and Credit Related Contingent Features

We are exposed to losses in the event of nonperformance or nonpayment by counterparties and have risk management contracts with many counterparties. As of December 31, 2021, we have three counterparties for which our exposure represents approximately 38% of Pinnacle West’s $110 million of risk management assets. This exposure relates to master agreements with counterparties and all three are rated as investment grade. Our risk management process assesses and monitors the financial exposure of all counterparties. Despite the fact that the great majority of our trading counterparties' debt is rated as investment grade by the credit rating agencies, there is still a possibility that one or more of these counterparties could default, resulting in a material impact on consolidated earnings for a given period. Counterparties in the portfolio consist principally of financial institutions, major energy companies, municipalities, and local distribution companies. We maintain credit policies that we believe minimize overall credit risk to within acceptable limits. Determination of the credit quality of our counterparties is based upon a number of factors, including credit ratings and our evaluation of their financial condition. To manage credit risk, we employ collateral requirements and standardized agreements that allow for the netting of positive and negative exposures associated with a single counterparty. Valuation adjustments are established representing our estimated credit losses on our overall exposure to counterparties.

Certain of our derivative instrument contracts contain credit-risk-related contingent features including, among other things, investment grade credit rating provisions, credit-related cross-default provisions, and adequate assurance provisions. Adequate assurance provisions allow a counterparty with reasonable grounds for uncertainty to demand additional collateral based on subjective events and/or conditions. For those derivative instruments in a net liability position, with investment grade credit contingencies, the counterparties could demand additional collateral if our debt credit rating were to fall below investment grade (below BBB- for Standard & Poor’s or Fitch or Baa3 for Moody’s).

The following table provides information about our derivative instruments that have credit-risk-related contingent features (dollars in thousands):


	December 31, 2021
Aggregate fair value of derivative instruments in a net liability position	$	7,478
Cash collateral posted	—
Additional cash collateral in the event credit-risk related contingent features were fully triggered (a)	2,658

(a)This amount is after counterparty netting and includes those contracts which qualify for scope exceptions, which are excluded from the derivative details above.

We also have energy related non-derivative instrument contracts with investment grade credit-related contingent features, which could also require us to post additional collateral of approximately $88 million if our debt credit ratings were to fall below investment grade.