Additional Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Additional Information

Additional Information

	For the Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2014
Research and development expense	$	203		$	186		$	167
Advertising expense	$	27		$	25		$	30
Interest and other debt expense, net:
Interest expense	$	754		$	808		$	857
Interest income	(13		)	(4		)	(2		)
Interest related to NPM Adjustment Items	6			13			(47		)
	$	747		$	817		$	808
Rent expense	$	53		$	48		$	52

Minimum rental commitments and sublease income under non-cancelable operating leases in effect at December 31, 2016 were as follows:

(in millions)	Rental Commitments		Sublease Income
2017	$	52	$	5
2018	46		5
2019	35		5
2020	30		6
2021	24		6
Thereafter	72		15
	$	259	$	42

The activity in the allowance for discounts and allowance for returned goods for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was as follows:

(in millions)	2016						2015						2014
	Discounts			Returned Goods			Discounts			Returned Goods			Discounts			Returned Goods
Balance at beginning of year	$	—		$	68		$	—		$	46		$	—		$	41
Charged to costs and expenses	628			133			618			217			599			179
Deductions (1)	(628		)	(152		)	(618		)	(195		)	(599		)	(174		)
Balance at end of year	$	—		$	49		$	—		$	68		$	—		$	46

⁽¹⁾ Represents the recording of discounts and returns for which allowances were created.