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Note 9 - Equity Compensation
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]
NOTE
9
EQUITY COMPENSATION
 
The Company’s equity compensation plan is the
2012
Stock Incentive Plan (“the Plan”), was approved by shareholders in
November 2012,
and amended in
November 2016.
The Plan covers all of the Company’s full-time employees, independent directors and certain advisors. The Plan allows for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted and unrestricted stock awards, and other stock-based awards. All stock-based awards are granted at fair market value at the date of grant. The number of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan is
1,967,217
shares all of which are available for future grant or award as of
June 30, 2019.
The Plan contains a fungible share ratio that consumes
2.5
available shares for every full value share awarded by the Company as stock compensation.
 
The Company has made time-based and performance-based stock option awards. Options generally have a
three
or
four
year ratable vesting period beginning
one
year after the date of grant. The maximum exercise period of service-based and performance-based stock options granted under the Plan is
ten
years. 
 
 Inducement stock option agreements are granted by the Company to attract and retain key executives. Inducement stock options are separately registered securities and are
not
part of the Plan. Some options granted have a
three
-year ratable vesting period whereas other options vest upon specific performance of the Company’s stock. All Inducement stock options have a term of
ten
years only if the employee is employed for
three
years from the date of grant. In fiscal
2019,
550,000
Inducement stock options were granted.
 
The Company has also granted Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) under the Plan. RSUs ratably vest over a
three
or
four
year period beginning
one
year after the date of award. The Company has also granted Performance Stock Units (PSUs) that vest if the Company meets certain financial metrics over a
three
year period.
 
Stock Warrants
 
The Company has outstanding
200,000
fully exercisable stock warrants with an exercise price of
$9.95
as of
June 30, 2019.
As of
June 30, 2019,
the warrants had a remaining contractual life of
2.7
years. The fair value of the warrants on the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The below listed weighted average assumptions were used for the warrants. The stock warrants have a fair value of
$2.87.
 
   
February 21,
 
   
2017
 
         
Dividend yield
   
2.01
%
Expected volatility
   
39
%
Risk-free interest rate
   
1.80
%
Expected life (in years)
   
4.5
 
 
Stock Options
 
The fair value of each option on the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The below listed weighted average assumptions were used for grants in the periods indicated.
 
   
2019
   
2018
 
                 
Dividend yield
 
 
4.6
%
   
3.3
%
Expected volatility
 
 
42
%
   
41
%
Risk-free interest rate
 
 
2.8
%
   
1.8
%
Expected life (in years)
 
 
4.9
     
6.0
 
 
At
June 30, 2019,
the
972,900
service-based and Inducement stock options granted during fiscal
2019
to employees had exercise prices ranging from
$3.18
to
$4.94
per share, fair values ranging from
$0.72
to
$2.10
per share, and remaining contractual lives of between
9
years and
10
years.
 
At
June 30, 2018,
the
794,537
options granted during fiscal
2018
to employees had exercise prices ranging from
$5.92
to
$6.54
per share, fair values ranging from
$1.71
to
$1.96
per share, and remaining contractual lives of between
9
years and
10
years. The performance metric for the
345,560
performance-based stock options granted in fiscal
2018
was
not
achieved; therefore, these stock options were forfeited in fiscal
2018.
 
The Company calculates stock option expense using the Black-Scholes model.  Stock option expense is recorded on a straight-line basis, or sooner if the grantee is retirement eligible as defined in the Plan, with an estimated
14.86%
forfeiture rate effective
April 1, 2019.
Previous estimated forfeiture rates were between
2.00%
and
8.79%
between the periods
January 1, 2013
through
March 31, 2019.
The expected volatility of the Company’s stock was calculated based upon the historic monthly fluctuation in stock price for a period approximating the expected life of option grants.  The risk-free interest rate is the rate of a
five
year Treasury security at constant, fixed maturity on the approximate date of the stock option grant.  The expected life of outstanding options is determined to be less than the contractual term for a period equal to the aggregate group of option holders’ estimated weighted average time within which options will be exercised.  It is the Company’s policy that when stock options are exercised, new common shares shall be issued.    
 
The Company recorded
$876,333
and
$2,147,423
of expense related to stock options in fiscal years
2019
and
2018,
respectively.
 
Information related to all stock options for the years ended
June 30, 2019
and
June 30, 2018
is shown in the following tables:
 
   
June 30, 201
9
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted
 
Average
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Average
 
Remaining
 
Aggregate
 
   
 
 
 
 
Exercise
 
Contractual Term
 
Intrinsic
 
   
Shares
   
Price
 
(in years)
 
Value
 
                           
Outstanding at 6/30/18
 
 
3,298,677
   
$
8.06
 
7.0
 
$
8,037
 
                           
Granted
 
 
972,900
   
$
4.57
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
 
--
   
$
--
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forfeited
 
 
(1,406,548
)
 
$
7.21
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expired
 
 
(115,403
)
 
$
9.12
 
 
 
 
 
 
                           
Outstanding at 6/30/19
 
 
2,749,626
   
$
7.23
 
6.8
 
$
23,500
 
                           
Exercisable at 6/30/19
 
 
1,733,471
   
$
8.33
 
5.6
 
$
--
 
 
   
Ended June 30, 2018
 
                 
Weighted
       
     
 
   
Weighted
 
Average
   
 
 
     
 
   
Average
 
Remaining
 
Aggregate
 
     
 
   
Exercise
 
Contractual Term
 
Intrinsic
 
   
Shares
   
Price
 
(in years)
 
Value
 
                           
Outstanding at 6/30/17
   
3,119,688
    $
9.12
 
7.4
  $
2,332,324
 
                           
Granted
   
794,537
    $
5.98
 
 
   
 
 
Exercised
   
(42,939
)
  $
6.66
 
 
   
 
 
Forfeited
   
(467,609
)
  $
9.11
 
 
   
 
 
Expired
   
(105,000
)
  $
19.62
 
 
   
 
 
                           
Outstanding at 6/30/18
   
3,298,677
    $
8.06
 
7.0
  $
8,037
 
                           
Exercisable at 6/30/18
   
1,824,552
    $
8.22
 
5.8
  $
39,011
 
 
The following table presents information related to unvested stock options:
 
            Weighted-Average  
            Grant Date  
    Shares     Fair Value  
                 
Unvested at June 30, 2018
   
1,474,125
    $
2.65
 
Granted
   
972,900
    $
1.48
 
Vested
   
(786,536
)   $
2.91
 
Forfeited
   
(644,334
)   $
1.93
 
Unvested at June 30, 2019
   
1,016,155
    $
1.79
 
 
The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted during fiscal years
2019
and
2018
was
$1.48
per share and
$1.73
per share, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended
June 30, 2019
and
June 30, 2018
$0
and
$39,011,
respectively. The aggregate grant date fair value of options that vested during fiscal
2019
and
2018
was
$2,287,386
and
$3,192,672,
respectively. There were
no
exercises of stock options in fiscal
2019.
The Company received
$285,875
of cash from employees who exercised options in fiscal year
2018.
 
For fiscal year
2019,
the Company recognized a current income tax benefit of
$116,785
for tax deductions related to equity compensation. A discrete tax expense of
$282,785
was recognized to reduce deferred tax assets for cancelled awards and detriments in excess of the tax deductions.
 
For fiscal year
2018,
exercised options resulted in an income tax benefit of
$116,602.
 Pursuant to the implementation of ASU
2016
-
09,
the Company recognized a discrete tax expense of
$292,000
to reduce deferred tax assets for cancelled awards and for detriments compared to the current year tax deduction. A discrete tax benefit of
$10,767
was recognized for disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options.
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
There were
no
Restricted Stock Options (RSUs) awarded to employees during fiscal
2019.
A total of
91,490
RSUs with a weighted average fair value of
$5.92
per share were awarded to employees during the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2018.
The service-based RSUs awarded during fiscal
2017
and in prior fiscal years have a
four
year ratable vesting period beginning
one
year after the date of award. RSUs awarded during fiscal
2018
have a
three
year ratable vesting period. The Company determined the fair value of the awards based on the closing price of the Company stock on the date the RSUs were awarded. The RSUs are non-voting, but accrue cash dividends at the same per share rate as those cash dividends declared and paid on LSI’s common stock. Dividends on RSUs in the amount of
$16,848
and
$50,621
were accrued as of
June 30, 2019
and
2018,
respectively. Accrued dividends are paid to the holder upon vesting of the RSUs and issuance of shares.
 
The following table presents information related to RSUs:
                                                                                                      
            Weighted-Average  
            Grant Date  
    Shares     Fair Value  
                 
Unvested at June 30, 2018
   
169,397
    $
8.03
 
Granted
   
--
    $
--
 
Vested
   
(113,523
)   $
8.14
 
Forfeited
   
(22,832
)   $
7.91
 
Unvested at June 30, 2019
   
33,042
    $
7.72
 
                                                                                                    
The Company recorded
$40,893
of expense related to RSUs during fiscal year
2019.
As of
June 30, 2019,
the
33,042
RSUs outstanding have a weighted average remaining contractual life of
3.5
years. Of the
33,042
RSUs outstanding as of
June 30, 2019,
32,429
RSUs are vested or expected to vest in the future. The approximate unvested stock compensation expense that will be recorded as expense in future periods for RSU’s is
$45,683.
The weighted average time over which this expense will be recorded is approximately
13
months. An estimated forfeiture rate of
8.3%
was used in the calculation of expense related to the RSUs.
 
Performance
Stock Units
 
A total of
134,350
Performance Stock Units (PSUs) with a weighted average fair value of
$4.94
per share were awarded to employees during fiscal
2019
and
no
PSUs were awarded to employees during the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2018.
The Company determined the fair value of the awards based on the closing price of the Company stock on the date the PSUs were awarded. The PSUs are non-voting, but accrue cash dividends at the same per share rate as those cash dividends declared and paid on LSI’s common stock. Dividends on PSUs in the amount of
$11,310
and
$0
were accrued as of
June 30, 2019
and
2018,
respectively. Accrued dividends are paid to the holder upon vesting of the PSUs and issuance of shares.
 
The following table presents information related to PSUs:
                                                                                                               
            Weighted-Average  
            Grant Date  
    Shares     Fair Value  
                 
Unvested at June 30, 2018
   
--
    $
--
 
Granted
   
134,350
    $
4.94
 
Vested
   
--
    $
--
 
Forfeited
   
(77,800
)   $
4.94
 
Unvested at June 30, 2019
   
56,550
    $
4.94
 
 
The Company recorded
$62,474
of expense related to PSUs during fiscal year
2019.
As of
June 30, 2019,
the
56,550
PSUs outstanding have a weighted average remaining contractual life of
2.1
years. Of the
56,550
PSUs outstanding as of
June 30, 2019,
43,451
PSUs are vested or expected to vest in the future. The approximate unvested stock compensation expense that will be recorded as expense in future periods for PSU’s is
$152,172.
The weighted average time over which this expense will be recorded is approximately
25
months. An estimated forfeiture rate of
11.7%
was used in the calculation of expense related to the PSUs.
 
Director and Employee Stock Compensation Awards
 
 
The Company awarded a total of
104,020
and
41,388
common shares as stock compensation awards in fiscal years
2019
and
2018,
respectively. These common shares were valued at their approximate
$374,000
and
$312,000
fair market values based on their stock price at dates of issuance multiplied by the number of common shares awarded, respectively, pursuant to the compensation programs for non-employee directors who receive a portion of their compensation as an award of Company stock and for employees who received a nominal recognition award in the form of Company stock. Stock compensation awards are made in the form of newly issued common shares of the Company.
 
Deferred Compensation Plan
 
 
The Company has a non-qualified deferred compensation plan providing for both Company contributions and participant deferrals of compensation. This plan is fully funded in a Rabbi Trust. All plan investments are in common shares of the Company. As of
June 30, 2019,
there were
32
participants, all with fully vested account balances. A total of
208,965
common shares with a cost of
$1,468,161,
and
241,996
common shares with a cost of
$2,110,248
were held in the plan as of
June 
30,
2019
and
2018,
respectively, and, accordingly, have been recorded as treasury shares.
 
The change in the number of shares held by this plan is the net result of purchases of shares on the open stock market or newly issued shares as compensation deferred into the plan offset by distributions to terminated employees. The Company issued
74,721
and
67,138
new common shares for purposes of the non-qualified deferred compensation plan during fiscal
2019
and during fiscal
2018,
respectively. The Company used
$106,537
to purchase
15,225
common shares of the Company in the open stock market during fiscal year
2018.
 
The Company’s non-qualified deferred compensation is
no
longer funded by purchases in the open market of LSI stock as of
September 30, 2017.
This plan is now solely funded by newly issued shares that are authorized from the Plan.