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Note 9 - Equity Compensation
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
NOTE
9
— EQUITY COMPENSATION
 
Stock Options
 
 
The Company has an equity compensation plan that was approved by shareholders in
November 2012
and that covers all of its full-time employees, outside directors and certain advisors.  This
2012
Stock Incentive Plan replaced all previous equity compensation plans. The options granted and stock awards made pursuant to this plan are granted at fair market value at the date of grant or award.  Service-based options granted to non-employee directors become exercisable
25%
every
ninety
days (cumulative) from the date of grant and options granted to employees generally become exercisable
25%
per year (cumulative) beginning
one
year after the date of grant. Performance-based options granted to employees become exercisable
33.3%
per year (cumulative) beginning
one
year after the date of grant. The maximum contractual term of the Company’s stock options is
ten
years.  If a stock option holder’s employment with the Company terminates by reason of death, disability or retirement, as defined in the Plan, the Plan generally provides for acceleration of vesting.  The number of shares reserved for issuance is
2,188,509
shares, all of which were available for future grant or award as of
June 30, 2017.  
This plan allows for the grant of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted and unrestricted stock awards, performance stock awards, and other stock awards. Service based and performance based stock options were granted and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) were awarded in fiscal
2017
.
 
Stock Warrants
 
The Company issued
200,000
fully vested stock warrants in the
third
quarter of fiscal
2017
in conjunction with the acquisition of Atlas Lighting Products, Inc., with the fair value of the warrants being included in the purchase price of that company rather than being expensed. See further discussion in Note
16.
These
200,000
stock warrants were outstanding as of
June 3
0,
2017.
The fair value of the warrants on the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The below listed weighted average assumptions were used for the warrants.
 
   
February 21
,
 
   
2017
 
         
Dividend yield
   
2.01
%
Expected volatility
   
39
%
Risk-free interest rate
   
1.80
%
Expected life (in years)
   
4.5
 
 
The stock warrants issued during the quarter ended
March 31, 2017
had an exercise price of
$9.95,
and a fair value of
$2.87.
As of
June 30, 2017,
the warrants had a remaining contractual life of
4.7
years.
 
Stock Options
 
As of
June 30, 2017,
a total of
3,119,688
options for common shares were outstanding from this plan as well as
one
previous stock option plan (both of which have been approved by shareholders), and of these, a total of
1,277,561
options for common shares were vested and exercisable.  As of
June 30, 2017,
the approximate unvested stock option expense that will be recorded as expense in future periods is
$3,065,300.
  The weighted average time over which this expense will be recorded is approximately
2
years.
 
The fair value of each option on the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The below listed weighted average assumptions were used for grants in the periods indicated.
 
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
                         
Dividend yield
   
1.9
%    
1.3
%    
1.1
%
Expected volatility
   
42
%    
44
%    
55
%
Risk-free interest rate
   
1.3
%    
1.7
%    
1.6
%
Expected life (in years)
   
6.0
     
6.0
     
6.0
 

 
At
June 30, 2017,
the
1,332,623
options granted during fiscal
2017
to employees had exercise prices ranging from
$9.15
to
$11.06
per share, fair values ranging from
$3.01
to
$3.83
per share, and remaining contractual lives of between
9
years and
10
years. The performance metric for the
425,000
performance based stock options granted in fiscal
2017
was
not
achieved; therefore these stock options were forfeited in fiscal
2017.
 
At
June 30, 2016,
the
1,026,800
options granted during fiscal
2016
to employees had exercise prices ranging from
$8.84
to
$11.87
per share, fair values ranging from
$3.28
to
$4.52
per share, and remaining contractual lives of between
9
years and
9.7
years.
 
At
June 30, 2015,
the
734,323
options granted to employees during fiscal
2015
had exercise prices ranging from
$5.96
to
$8.23
per share, fair values ranging from
$2.19
to
$3.89
per share, and remaining contractual lives of between
nine
years
five
months and
9.8
years.
 
The Company calculates stock option expense using the Black-Scholes model.  Stock option expense is recorded on a straight line basis, or sooner if the grantee is retirement eligible as defined in the
2012
Stock Incentive Plan, with an estimated
3.1%
forfeiture rate effective
April 1, 2017.
Previous estimated forfeiture rates were between
2.0%
and
3.3%
over the period
January 1, 2013
through
March 31, 2017.
The expected volatility of the Company’s stock was calculated based upon the historic monthly fluctuation in stock price for a period approximating the expected life of option grants.  The risk-free interest rate is the rate of a
five
year Treasury security at constant, fixed maturity on the approximate date of the stock option grant.  The expected life of outstanding options is determined to be less than the contractual term for a period equal to the aggregate group of option holders’ estimated weighted average time within which options will be exercised.  It is the Company’s policy that when stock options are exercised, new common shares shall be issued.  
 
 
The Company recorded
$2,478,861,
$2,519,092
and
$1,238,897
of expense related to stock options in fiscal years
2017,
2016
and
2015,
respectively.  As of
June 30, 2017,
the Company had
3,067,295
stock options that were vested and that were expected to vest, with a weighted average exercise price of
$9.11
per share, an aggregate intrinsic value of
$2,322,190
and weighted average remaining contractual terms of
7.1
years.
 
Information related to all stock options for the years ended
June 30, 2017,
2016
and
2015
is shown in the following tables:
 
   
Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
                  Weighted          
           
Weighted
   
Average
         
           
Average
   
Remaining
   
Aggregate
 
           
Exercise
   
Contractual Term
   
Intrinsic
 
   
Shares
   
Price
   
(in years)
   
Value
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/16
   
2,976,490
    $
8.97
     
6.6
    $
8,338,974
 
                                 
Granted
   
1,332,623
    $
10.59
     
 
     
 
 
Forfeitures
   
(702,979
)
  $
12.46
     
 
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(486,446
)
  $
7.37
     
 
     
 
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/17
   
3,119,688
    $
9.12
     
7.4
    $
2,332,324
 
                                 
Exercisable at 6/30/17
   
1,277,561
    $
8.75
     
5.0
    $
1,592,653
 
 
 
   
Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
                  Weighted          
           
Weighted
   
Average
         
           
Average
   
Remaining
   
Aggregate
 
           
Exercise
   
Contractual Term
   
Intrinsic
 
   
Shares
   
Price
   
(in years)
   
Value
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/15
   
2,677,436
    $
8.85
     
6.1
   
$
4,914,601
 
                                 
Granted
   
1,026,800
    $
9.39
     
 
     
 
 
Forfeitures
   
(165,800
)
  $
15.15
     
 
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(561,946
)
  $
7.34
     
 
     
 
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/16
   
2,976,490
    $
8.97
     
6.6
    $
8,338,974
 
                                 
Exercisable at 6/30/16
   
1,312,985
    $
9.75
     
4.0
    $
3,819,127
 
 
   
Twelve Months Ended June 30, 2015
 
   
Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
   
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/14
   
2,677,464
    $
9.57
     
5.4
    $
1,674,010
 
                                 
Granted
   
734,323
    $
6.83
     
 
     
 
 
Forfeitures
   
(571,275
)
  $
10.26
     
 
     
 
 
Exercised
   
(163,076
)
  $
6.70
     
 
     
 
 
                                 
Outstanding at 6/30/15
   
2,677,436
    $
8.8.5
     
6.1
    $
4,914,601
 
                                 
Exercisable at 6/30/15
   
1,597,238
    $
10.18
     
4.3
    $
2,250,093
 
 
The following table presents information related to unvested stock options:
 
           
Weighted-Average
 
           
Grant Date
 
   
Shares
   
Fair Value
 
                 
Unvested at June 30, 2016
   
1,663,505
    $
3.39
 
Granted
   
1,332,623
    $
3.67
 
Vested
   
(696,501
)   $
3.30
 
Forfeited
   
(457,500
)   $
3.81
 
Unvested at June 30, 2017
   
1,842,127
    $
3.52
 
  
The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted was
$3.67,
$3.64
and
$3.27
per share in fiscal years
2017,
2016
and
2015,
respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended
June 30, 2017,
2016
and
2015
were
$1,189,414,
$1,695,213
and
$212,106,
respectively. The aggregate grant date fair value of options that vested during
2017,
2016
and
2015
was
$2,298,114,
$1,168,192
and
$822,827,
respectively. The Company received
$2,945,946,
$4,124,047
and
$1,092,002
of cash from employees who exercised options in fiscal years
2017,
2016
and
2015,
respectively. For the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2017,
the
$2,945,986
cash received from stock options was partially offset by
$138,722
related to the tax effect of disqualifying dispositions of stock options. For the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2016,
the
$4,170,997
cash received from stock options was partially offset by
$141,394
related to the tax effect of disqualifying dispositions of stock options. In the fiscal
2017
the Company recorded
$505,879
as a reduction of federal income taxes payable,
$261,694
as a decrease in common stock,
$138,722
as a reduction of income tax expense, and
$628,852
as a reduction of the deferred tax asset related to the issuance of RSUs and the exercises of stock options in which the employees sold the common shares prior to the passage of
twelve
months from the date of exercise. In fiscal
2016
the Company recorded
$595,483
as a reduction of federal income taxes payable,
$102,010
as a decrease in common stock,
$141,349
as a reduction of income tax expense, and
$556,144
as a reduction of the deferred tax asset related to the exercises of stock options in which the employees sold the common shares prior to the passage of
twelve
months from the date of exercise.
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
A total of
96,210
RSUs with a weighted average fair value of
$10.84
per share were awarded to employees during the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2017.
A total of
72,000
RSUs with a fair value of
$9.39
per share were awarded to employees during the
twelve
months ended
June 30, 2016.
The Company determined the fair value of the awards based on the closing price of the Company stock on the date the RSUs were awarded. The RSUs have a
four
year ratable vesting period. The RSUs are non-voting, but accrue cash dividends at the same per share rate as those cash dividends declared and paid on LSI’s common stock. Dividends on RSUs in the amount of
$30,067
and
$10,625
were accrued as of
June 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively. Accrued dividends are paid to the holder upon vesting of the RSUs and issuance of shares. The following table presents information related to RSUs:
 
           
Weighted-Average
 
           
Grant Date
 
   
Shares
   
Fair Value
 
                 
Unvested at June 30, 2016
   
62,500
    $
9.39
 
Awarded
   
96,210
    $
10.84
 
Shares Issued
   
(25,375
)   $
9.69
 
Unvested at June 30, 2017
   
133,335
    $
10.38
 
 
 
As of
June 30, 2017,
the
133,335
outstanding RSUs had a remaining weighted average contractual life of
6.0
years. The Company recorded
$570,178
of expense related to RSUs during fiscal year
2017.
Of the
133,335
RSUs outstanding as of
June 30, 2017,
128,859
are vested or expected to vest in the future. The approximate unvested stock compensation expense that will be recorded as expense in future periods for the RSUs is
$234,320.
The weighted average time over which this expense will be recorded is approximately
32
months. An estimated forfeiture rate of
3.4%
was used in the calculation of expense related to the RSUs.
 
As of
June 30, 2016,
the
62,500
outstanding RSUs had a remaining weighted average contractual life of
3.0
years. The Company recorded
$383,483
of expense related to RSUs during fiscal year
2016.
Of the
62,500
RSUs outstanding as of
June 30, 2016,
60,794
were vested or expected to vest in the future. An estimated forfeiture rate of
3.3%
was used in the calculation of expense related to the RSUs.
 
Director and Employee Stock Compensation Awards
 
 
The Company awarded a total of
40,092
common shares in fiscal
2017,
a total of
23,838
common shares in fiscal
2016,
and a total of
26,850
common shares in fiscal
2015
as stock compensation awards. These common shares were valued at their approximate
$409
,000,
$248,000
and
$191,000
fair market values based on their stock price at dates of issuance multiplied by the number of common shares awarded, respectively, pursuant to the compensation programs for non-employee directors who receive a portion of their compensation as an award of Company stock and for employees who receive a nominal recognition award in the form of common stock. Stock compensation awards are made in the form of newly issued common shares of the Company.
 
Deferred Compensation Plan
 
 
The Company has a non-qualified deferred compensation plan providing for both Company contributions and participant deferrals of compensation. This plan is fully funded in a Rabbi Trust. All plan investments are in common shares of the Company. As of
June 30, 2017,
there were
33
participants, all with fully vested account balances. A total of
257,898
common shares with a cost of
$2,456,875,
and
228,100
common shares with a cost of
$2,167,717
were held in the plan as of
June 
30,
2017
and
2016,
respectively, and, accordingly, have been recorded as treasury shares. The change in the number of shares held by this plan is the net result of share purchases and sales on the open stock market for compensation deferred into the plan and for distributions to terminated employees. The Company does
not
issue new common shares for purposes of the nonqualified deferred compensation plan. The Company used approximately
$492,400
and
$363,400
to purchase
50,579
and
36,685
common shares of the Company in the open stock market during fiscal years
2017
and
2016,
respectively, for either employee salary deferrals or Company contributions into the nonqualified deferred compensation plan. For fiscal year
2018,
the Company estimates the Rabbi Trust for the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan will make net repurchases, deposits of newly issues shares, and issuances in the range of 
85,000
to
95,000
 common shares of the Company. The Company does
not
currently repurchase its own common shares for any other purpose.