Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Segments

SEGMENTS

Our reportable segments are determined considering both qualitative and quantitative metrics for aggregation of the product type within geographies for which discrete financial information is available. We have five reportable segments: U.S. Wallboard and Surfaces, U.S. Performance Materials, U.S. Ceilings, Canada, and USG Boral Building Products, or UBBP. Our U.S. Wallboard and Surfaces, U.S. Performance Materials and U.S. Ceilings reportable segments are identified based on products manufactured and marketed. Our Canada segment is a separately reportable segment, as while it has similar qualitative factors to U.S. operations, it has different quantitative metrics and, therefore, cannot be aggregated. Our operating segments in Mexico and Latin America are included in Other as reconciling items to our consolidated segments. This segment structure was effective for the quarter ended December 31, 2017. Our prior period results have been recast to reflect these changes and present comparative year over year information by segment.

Recently Adopted and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

We adopted Accounting Standard Update, or ASU, 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income," in the first quarter of 2018. The ASU allows for the reclassification of stranded tax effects on items resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or the 2017 Tax Act, from accumulated other comprehensive income, or AOCI, to retained earnings. Tax effects unrelated to the 2017 Tax Act are released from AOCI using either the specific identification approach or the portfolio approach based on the nature of the underlying item. We elected not to reclassify the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act.

We adopted ASU 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” on January 1, 2018 using the practical expedient. This ASU required us to disaggregate and present current service cost along with other current compensation costs for employees while presenting other net benefit cost components below operating profit. In addition, only the service cost component of net benefit cost is eligible for capitalization in our inventory and fixed assets. We retrospectively adopted the presentation of service cost and prospectively adopted the capitalization of only service cost into inventory and fixed assets.

The effect of the adoption of ASU 2017-07 on our condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was as follows.



(millions)	Three months ended March 31, 2017
	As Restated		Adjustment for Adoption of ASU 2017-07			As Previously Reported
Gross profit	$	159	$	(5	)	$	164
Operating profit	84		(7		)	91
Other income, net	6		7			(1		)
Net income	55		—			55

We adopted ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” and all related amendments on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method using practical expedients. Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in "Revenue Recognition (Topic 605)" and requires entities to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

Upon adoption, we recorded an increase of $2 million to our opening balance of retained earnings for the cumulative effect of adopting Topic 606. The adjustment related to a change to the point in time at which we record revenue for most customers. Prior period amounts have not been restated and continue to be reported under the legacy accounting guidance of Topic 605. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018, the impact of applying Topic 606 as compared to applying Topic 605 is immaterial to our financial statements.

In addition to our cumulative effect adjustment, our adoption of Topic 606 resulted in additional quantitative disclosure of revenue by product and in the modification of certain significant accounting policies. See Note 4, Segments, for our revenue disaggregated by product and the revised polices below.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” which supersedes existing lease guidance to require lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by long-term leases and to disclose additional quantitative and qualitative information about leasing arrangements. Subsequently, the FASB has issued various ASUs to provide further clarification around certain aspects of Topic 842. We will adopt the new standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. As a result of the new standard, we will implement a new lease accounting system, new processes and accounting policies. Further, we anticipate the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have a significant impact to our condensed consolidated balance sheets and disclosures. We are currently finalizing our accounting policies and verifying the completeness of our lease population and, thus, we are unable to quantify the financial statement impact at this time.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue upon transfer of control of our products to the customer which generally occurs upon shipment. We enter into agreements with customers to offer rebates, generally based on achievement of specified sales levels and various marketing allowances that are common industry practice. Reductions to revenue for customer programs and incentive offerings, including promotions and other volume-based incentives, are estimated using the most likely amount method and recorded in the period in which the sale occurs. Provisions for early payment discounts are accrued in the same period in which the sale occurs. We do not have any material payment terms as payment is received shortly after the point of sale. We pay commissions to third parties to obtain contracts. As these contracts are less than one year, these costs are expensed as incurred.

Shipping and Handling Costs

We include shipping and handling costs billed to customers in net sales. We account for related costs as fulfillment activities and present the costs in cost of products sold when control of our products transfers to the customer.