NOTE I - Derivative Financial Instruments

As part of its risk management strategy, the Company enters into derivative contracts to hedge against interest rates and foreign currency risk. Certain derivative instruments designated as either cash flow hedges or fair value hedges are subject to hedge accounting. Derivative instruments that are not subject to hedge accounting are held as economic hedges. The Company’s policies prohibit the use of derivatives for speculation or trading. At the inception of each hedge relationship, the Company documents its risk management objectives, procedures and accounting treatment. All of the Company’s interest-rate and certain foreign-exchange contracts are transacted under International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) master agreements. Each agreement permits the net settlement of amounts owed in the event of default and certain other termination events. For derivative financial instruments, the Company has elected not to offset derivative positions in the balance sheet with the same counterparty under the same agreements and is not required to post or receive collateral.

Exposure limits and minimum credit ratings are used to minimize the risks of counterparty default. The Company’s maximum exposure to potential default of its swap counterparties is limited to the asset position of its swap portfolio. The asset position of the Company’s swap portfolio is $55.6 at June 30, 2017.

The Company uses regression analysis to assess effectiveness of interest-rate contracts on a quarterly basis. For foreign-exchange contracts, the Company performs quarterly assessments to ensure that critical terms continue to match. All components of the derivative instrument’s gain or loss are included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Gains or losses on the ineffective portion of cash flow hedges are recognized currently in earnings. Hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively when the Company determines that a derivative financial instrument has ceased to be a highly effective hedge.

Interest-Rate Contracts: The Company enters into various interest-rate contracts, including interest-rate swaps and cross currency interest-rate swaps. Interest-rate swaps involve the exchange of fixed for floating rate or floating for fixed rate interest payments based on the contractual notional amounts in a single currency. Cross currency interest-rate swaps involve the exchange of notional amounts and interest payments in different currencies. The Company is exposed to interest-rate and exchange-rate risk caused by market volatility as a result of its borrowing activities. The objective of these contracts is to mitigate the fluctuations on earnings, cash flows and fair value of borrowings. Net amounts paid or received are reflected as adjustments to interest expense.

At June 30, 2017, the notional amount of the Company’s interest-rate contracts was $2,688.5. Notional maturities for all interest-rate contracts are $283.3 for the remainder of 2017, $972.1 for 2018, $854.1 for 2019, $375.6 for 2020, $203.4 for 2021 and nil thereafter.

Foreign-Exchange Contracts: The Company enters into foreign-exchange contracts to hedge certain anticipated transactions and assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, particularly the Canadian dollar, the euro, the British pound, the Australian dollar, the Brazilian real and the Mexican peso. The objective is to reduce fluctuations in earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. At June 30, 2017, the notional amount of the outstanding foreign-exchange contracts was $487.5. Foreign-exchange contracts mature within one year.

The following table presents the balance sheet classification, fair value, gross and pro forma net amounts of derivative financial instruments:


	June 30, 2017						December 31, 2016
	ASSETS			LIABILITIES			ASSETS			LIABILITIES

Derivatives designated under hedge accounting:
Interest-rate contracts:
Financial Services:
Other assets	$	55.6					$	109.7
Deferred taxes and other liabilities				$	72.7					$	46.3
Foreign-exchange contracts:
Truck, Parts and Other:
Other current assets		2.3						3.9
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other					6.0						1.9


	$	57.9		$	78.7		$	113.6		$	48.2


Economic hedges:
Interest-rate contracts:
Financial Services:
Deferred taxes and other liabilities										$	.1
Foreign-exchange contracts:
Truck, Parts and Other:
Other current assets	$	1.1					$	.8
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other				$	.7						.3
Financial Services:
Other assets		.6						4.0
Deferred taxes and other liabilities					3.5						.7


	$	1.7		$	4.2		$	4.8		$	1.1


Gross amounts recognized in Balance Sheet	$	59.6		$	82.9		$	118.4		$	49.3
Less amounts not offset in financial instruments:
Truck, Parts and Other:
Foreign-exchange contracts		(.2	)		(.2	)		(1.0	)		(1.0	)
Financial Services:
Interest-rate contracts		(7.8	)		(7.8	)		(15.4	)		(15.4	)
Foreign-exchange contracts		(.8	)		(.8	)		(.1	)		(.1	)


Pro forma net amount	$	50.8		$	74.1		$	101.9		$	32.8

Fair Value Hedges

Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges are recorded in earnings together with the changes in fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged. The (income) or expense recognized in earnings related to fair value hedges was included in interest and other borrowing expenses in the Financial Services segment of the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) as follows:


	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30						June 30
	2017			2016			2017			2016
Interest-rate swaps	$	(.7	)	$	(3.0	)	$	.6		$	(5.0	)
Term notes		.9			2.8			(.4	)		4.4

Cash Flow Hedges

Substantially all of the Company’s interest-rate contracts and some foreign-exchange contracts have been designated as cash flow hedges. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCI to the extent such hedges are considered effective. Amounts in AOCI are reclassified into net income in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The maximum length of time over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows is 4.1 years. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized no gains and losses or losses on the ineffective portion.

The following table presents the pre-tax effects of derivative instruments recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) (OCI):


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017						Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Loss recognized in OCI:
Truck, Parts and Other				$	(1.7	)				$	(20.4	)
Financial Services	$	(38.1	)				$	(83.1	)

	$	(38.1	)	$	(1.7	)	$	(83.1	)	$	(20.4	)


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2016						Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Gain (loss) recognized in OCI:
Truck, Parts and Other				$	9.6					$	9.9
Financial Services	$	8.4					$	(53.3	)

	$	8.4		$	9.6		$	(53.3	)	$	9.9

Expense (income) reclassified out of AOCI into income was as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017						Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS		FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Truck, Parts and Other:
Net sales and revenues				$	12.1				$	16.3
Cost of sales and revenues					(1.3	)				(1.2	)
Interest and other expense (income), net					.6					.6
Financial Services:
Interest and other borrowing expenses	$	40.0					$	85.8

Total	$	40.0		$	11.4		$	85.8	$	15.7


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2016						Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS		FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Truck, Parts and Other:
Net sales and revenues				$	(1.7	)			$	(6.5	)
Cost of sales and revenues					.6					.6
Interest and other expense (income), net					.2					1.9
Financial Services:
Interest and other borrowing expenses	$	(7.6	)				$	50.3

Total	$	(7.6	)	$	(.9	)	$	50.3	$	(4.0	)

The amount of loss recorded in AOCI at June 30, 2017 that is estimated to be reclassified into earnings in the following 12 months if interest rates and exchange rates remain unchanged is approximately $2.7, net of taxes. The fixed interest earned on finance receivables will offset the amount recognized in interest expense, resulting in a stable interest margin consistent with the Company’s risk management strategy.

The amount of gains (losses) reclassified out of AOCI into net income based on the probability that the original forecasted transactions would not occur was nil for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, and $.3 and ($.3) for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2016.

Economic Hedges

For other risk management purposes, the Company enters into derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting. These derivative instruments are used to mitigate the risk of market volatility arising from borrowings and foreign currency denominated transactions. Changes in the fair value of economic hedges are recorded in earnings in the period in which the change occurs.

The expense (income) recognized in earnings related to economic hedges was as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2017						Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Truck, Parts and Other:
Cost of sales and revenues				$	.1					$	.7
Interest and other expense (income), net					.7						4.2
Financial Services:
Interest and other borrowing expenses	$	(.1	)		11.4		$	(.1	)		44.6
Selling, general and administrative					(2.3	)					(13.1	)

Total	$	(.1	)	$	9.9		$	(.1	)	$	36.4


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2016						Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
	INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS			INTEREST- RATE CONTRACTS			FOREIGN- EXCHANGE CONTRACTS
Truck, Parts and Other:
Cost of sales and revenues				$	.1					$	1.1
Interest and other expense (income), net					.9						.8
Financial Services:
Interest and other borrowing expenses					(10.6	)					(8.2	)
Selling, general and administrative					.5						(1.6	)

Total				$	(9.1	)				$	(7.9	)