Note 12 - Stock-based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Jun. 28, 2015

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

NOTE 12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Employee Stock Participation Plan (“ESPP”)

Our ESPP permits employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions at a purchase price that is equal to 95% of our common stock price on the last trading day of each three-calendar-month offering period. Our ESPP is non-compensatory.

The following table summarizes our ESPP transactions during the fiscal period presented (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	As of June 28, 2015		Three Months Ended June 28, 2015
	Shares of Common Stock		Shares of Common Stock		Weighted Average Price
Authorized to issue		4,500
Reserved for future issuance		1,340
Issued				6	$	9.60

Equity Incentive Plans

At the annual meeting of stockholders on September 18, 2014 (the “Annual Meeting”), our stockholders approved the Exar Corporation 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (“2014 Plan”). The 2014 Plan authorizes the issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, stock bonuses and other forms of awards granted or denominated in common stock or units of common stock, as well as cash bonus awards.

Prior to the Annual Meeting, we maintained the Exar Corporation 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”) and the Sipex Corporation 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Sipex 2006 Plan”). As of June 30, 2014, a total of 6,555,492 shares of our common stock were then subject to outstanding awards granted under the 2006 Plan and the Sipex 2006 Plan, and an additional 669,008 shares of our common stock were then available for new award grants under the 2006 Plan. As part of the stockholder approval of the 2014 Plan at the Annual Meeting, we agreed that no new awards will be granted under the 2006 Plan and the Sipex 2006 Plan, although awards made under these plans prior to the Annual Meeting will remain subject to the terms of each such plan.

The maximum number of shares of our common stock that may be issued or transferred pursuant to awards under the 2014 Plan equals the sum of: (1) 5,170,000 shares, plus (2) the number of any shares subject to stock options granted under the 2006 Plan and the Sipex 2006 Plan and outstanding as of the date of the Annual Meeting which expire, or for any reason are cancelled or terminated, after the date of the Annual Meeting without being exercised, plus (3) the number of any shares subject to restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards granted under the 2006 Plan and the Sipex 2006 Plan that are outstanding and unvested as of the date of the Annual Meeting which are forfeited, terminated, cancelled, or otherwise reacquired after the date of the Annual Meeting without having become vested. Awards other than a stock option or stock appreciation right granted under the 2014 Plan are counted against authorized shares available for future issuance on a basis of two shares for each share subject to the award. As of June 28, 2015, there were approximately 4.6 million shares available for future grant under the 2014 Plan.

Stock Option Activities

Our stock option transactions during the three months ended June 28, 2015 are summarized as follows:

	Outstanding			Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		In-the-money Options Vested and Exercisable (in thousands)
Balance at March 29, 2015		7,609,622		$	8.77		4.86	$	14,377		2,850
Granted		85,500			10.11
Exercised		(145,122	)		7.66
Cancelled		(5,555	)		12.71
Forfeited		(129,943	)		8.84
Balance at June 28, 2015		7,414,502		$	8.80		4.63	$	13,116		2,995
Vested and expected to vest, June 28, 2015		6,946,640		$	8.72		4.55	$	12,749
Vested and exercisable, June 28, 2015		3,552,324		$	7.86		3.72	$	9,163

The aggregate intrinsic values in the table above represent the total pre-tax intrinsic value, which is based on the closing price of our common stock of $10.18 and $10.30 as of June 28, 2015 and March 29, 2015, respectively. These are the values which would have been received by option holders if all option holders exercised their options on that date.

In January 2012, we granted 480,000 performance-based stock options to our CEO. The options are scheduled to vest in four equal annual installments at the end of fiscal years 2013 through 2016 if certain predetermined market based financial measures are met. If the financial measures are not met, each installment will be rolled over to the subsequent fiscal year. In January 2014, we granted 140,000 performance-based stock options to our CEO. The options are scheduled to vest at the end of fiscal year 2017 if certain predetermined financial measures are met. We recorded $58,000 and $112,000 of compensation expense for these options in the three months ended June 28, 2015 and June 29, 2014, respectively.

Options exercised for the periods indicated below were as follows (in thousands):

	Three months Ended
	June 28, 2015		June 29, 2014
Intrinsic value of options exercised	$	426	$	430

Restricted Stock Units (“RSU”) Activities

Our RSU transactions during the three months ended June 28, 2015 are summarized as follows:

	Shares			Weighted Average Grant- Date Fair Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Unvested at March 29, 2015		1,072,925		$	10.26		1.50	$	11,051
Granted		179,426			10.73
Issued and released		(289,009	)		10.56
Cancelled		(32,492	)		9.95
Unvested at June 28, 2015		930,850		$	10.27		1.41	$	9,476
Vested and expected to vest, June 28, 2015		780,201					1.32	$	7,942

The aggregate intrinsic value of RSUs represents the closing price per share of our stock at the end of the periods presented, multiplied by the number of unvested RSUs or the number of vested and expected to vest RSUs, as applicable, at the end of each period.

For RSUs, stock-based compensation expense was calculated based on our stock price on the date of grant, multiplied by the number of RSUs granted. The grant date fair value of RSUs less estimated forfeitures was recognized on a straight-line basis, over the vesting period.

In March 2012, we granted 300,000 performance-based RSUs (“PRSUs”) to our CEO. The PRSUs are scheduled to start vesting in three equal installments at the end of fiscal year 2013 through 2015 with three year vesting periods if certain predetermined financial measures are met. If the financial measures are not met, each installment will be forfeited at the end of its respective fiscal year. We recorded $64,000 and $0.7 million of compensation expense for these awards in the three months ended June 28, 2015 and June 29, 2014, respectively.

In July 2013, as part of the acquisition of Cadeka, in order to encourage retention of certain former Cadeka employees, we agreed to recommend to our Board of Directors in July 2015 a bonus, which, if approved by the Board of Directors, would be settled in RSUs subject to fulfillment of the service period. We recorded $0.2 million and $0.4 million of compensation expense for these awards in the three months ended June 28, 2015 and June 29, 2014, respectively. The expense is reported in the other non-current obligations line in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as the total amount of bonus is to be settled in variable number of RSUs at the completion of the requisite service period. Such non-cash compensation expense is recorded as part of stock compensation expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In July 2015, the Board of Directors ultimately determined not to approve the granting of these RSUs.

In October 2013, we granted 70,000 PRSUs to certain executives. The first 50% of the PRSUs are scheduled to start vesting in three equal installments at the end of fiscal year 2015 with a three-year vesting period if certain performance measures are met. The second 50% of the PRSUs are scheduled to start vesting in three equal installments at the end of fiscal year 2016 with a three-year vesting period if certain performance measures are met. We recorded $39,000 and $0.2 million of compensation expense for these awards in the three months ended June 28, 2015 and June 29, 2014, respectively.

In December 2013, we granted 100,000 RSUs to our CEO. The RSUs were scheduled to vest in two equal installments at the end of fiscal years 2016 and 2017. In October 2014, the second installment of 50,000 RSUs was modified to 50,000 PRSUs. These modified PRSUs were scheduled to vest at the end of fiscal year 2017 if certain predetermined financial measures are met. For the three months ended June 28, 2015 and fiscal year 2015, we recorded $47,000 and $10,000 stock compensation expense related to these modified PRSUs, respectively.

In August 2014, we announced the Fiscal Year 2015 Management Incentive Program (“2015 Incentive Program”). Under this program, each participant’s award is denominated in shares of our common stock and is subject to attainment of Exar’s performance goals as established by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors for fiscal year 2015. We recorded a stock compensation expense of $2.0 million in fiscal year 2015 related to these awards. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2016, we settled 20% of these awards with cash and recorded $50,000 additional compensation cost due to the fair value change between grant day and settlement day.

In August and December 2014, we granted 88,448 PRSUs to certain former iML employees. The PRSUs are scheduled to start vesting in three equal annual installments upon achievement of certain performance measures. In the three months ended June 28, 2015 and June 29, 2014 we recorded $38,000 and $0 of stock compensation expense related to these PRSUs, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and RSUs during the fiscal periods presented below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	June 28, 2015		June 29, 2014
Cost of sales	$	87	$	260
Research and development		449		812
Selling, general and administrative		1,401		2,055
Total Stock-based compensation expense	$	1,937	$	3,127

The amount of stock-based compensation cost capitalized in inventory was immaterial for all periods presented. 

Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and RSUs for the period indicated below:

	June 28, 2015
	Amount (in thousands)		Weighted Average Expected Remaining Period (in years)
Options	$	7,072		2.2
Performance Options		322		1.6
RSUs		3,061		1.8
PRSUs		1,516		1.8
Total Unrecognized Stock-based compensation expense	$	11,971

Valuation Assumptions

We estimate the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation represent our estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment which include the expected term of the stock-based awards, stock price volatility and forfeiture rates. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.

We used the following weighted average assumptions to calculate the fair values of options granted during the fiscal periods presented:

	Three Months Ended
	June 28, 2015			June 29, 2014
Expected term of options (years)		4.7			4.5
Risk-free interest rate		1.2	%		1.3	%
Expected volatility		32	%		32	%
Expected dividend yield	─			─
Weighted average estimated fair value	$	3.08		$	3.12