SUMMARY
PROSPECTUS

OTIIX

May 1, 2016

T. Rowe Price

Small-Cap Stock Fund—I Class

A fund seeking long-term capital growth through investments in stocks of small companies. This class is generally available only to financial intermediaries and other institutional investors.

Before you invest, you may want to review the fund’s prospectus, which contains more information about the fund and its risks. You can find the fund’s prospectus and other information about the fund online at troweprice.com/prospectus. You can also get this information at no cost by calling
1-800-638-8790 or by sending an e-mail request to info@troweprice.com. This Summary Prospectus incorporates by reference the fund’s prospectus, dated May 1, 2016, and Statement of Additional Information, dated May 1, 2016.

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Summary 1

Investment Objective

The fund seeks to provide long-term capital growth by investing primarily in stocks of small companies.

Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund’s I Class

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Management fees	0.74%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees	0.00%
Other expenses	0.04%
Total annual fund operating expenses	0.78%

Example This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

1 year	3 years	5 years	10 years
$80	$249	$433	$966

Portfolio Turnover The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the period August 28, 2015 through December 31, 2015, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 20.4% of the average value of its portfolio.

Investments, Risks, and Performance

Principal Investment Strategies The fund will normally invest at least 80% of its net assets (including any borrowings for investment purposes) in stocks of small companies. The fund defines a small company as one whose market capitalization falls (i) within or below the current range of companies in either the Russell 2000 Index or the S&P SmallCap 600 Index or (ii) below the three-year average maximum market cap of companies in either index as of December 31 of the three preceding years. The Russell 2000 and S&P SmallCap 600 Indices are widely used benchmarks for tracking small-cap stock performance. As of December 31, 2015, the market

T. Rowe Price 2

capitalization ranges for the Russell 2000 Index and the S&P SmallCap 600 Index were approximately $14.8 million to $6.4 billion, and $58.5 million to $4.6 billion, respectively. The market capitalizations of the companies in the fund’s portfolio and the S&P and Russell indexes change over time; the fund will not automatically sell or cease to purchase stock of a company it already owns just because the company’s market capitalization grows or falls outside this range. The fund may, on occasion, purchase companies with a market capitalization above the ranges. When choosing stocks, we generally look for one or more of the following characteristics:

·capable management;

·attractive business niches;

·pricing flexibility;

·sound financial and accounting practices;

·a potential or demonstrated ability to grow revenues, earnings, and cash flow consistently; and

·the potential for a catalyst (such as increased investor attention, asset sales, strong business prospects, or a change in management) to cause the stock’s price to rise.

Holdings will be widely diversified by industry and issuer, and stock selection may reflect either a growth or value investment approach. For example, we may look for a company whose price/earnings ratio is attractive relative to the underlying earnings growth rate. A value stock would be one where the stock price appears undervalued in relation to earnings, projected cash flow, or asset value per share.

In pursuing its investment objective, the fund has the discretion to deviate from its normal investment criteria. These situations might arise when the fund’s adviser believes a security could increase in value for a variety of reasons, including an extraordinary corporate event, a new product introduction or innovation, a favorable competitive development, or a change in management.

While most assets will typically be invested in U.S. common stocks, the fund may invest in foreign stocks in keeping with the fund’s objectives.

The fund may sell securities for a variety of reasons, such as to secure gains, limit losses, or redeploy assets into more promising opportunities.

Principal Risks As with any mutual fund, there is no guarantee that the fund will achieve its objective. The fund’s share price fluctuates, which means you could lose money by investing in the fund. The principal risks of investing in this fund are summarized as follows:

Active management riskThe fund is subject to the risk that the investment adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness, value, or potential appreciation of the fund’s investments may prove to be incorrect. If the investments selected and strategies employed by the fund fail to produce the intended results, the fund could underperform in comparison to other funds with similar objectives and investment strategies.

Summary 3

Risks of U.S. stock investing Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and may decline significantly over short time periods. There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising and falling prices. The value of a stock in which the fund invests may decline due to general weakness in the U.S. stock market, such as when the U.S. financial markets decline, or because of factors that affect a particular company or industry.

Investment style risk Different investment styles tend to shift in and out of favor depending on market conditions and investor sentiment. Because the fund may hold stocks with either growth or value characteristics, it could underperform other stock funds that take a strictly growth or value approach to investing when one style is currently in favor. Growth stocks tend to be more volatile than the overall stock market and can have sharp price declines as a result of earnings disappointments. Value stocks carry the risk that the market will not recognize their intrinsic value or that they are actually appropriately priced at a low level.

Small-cap stock risk Investing primarily in issuers within the same market capitalization category carries the risk that the category may be out of favor due to current market conditions or investor sentiment. Because the fund invests primarily in securities issued by small-cap companies, it is likely to be more volatile than a fund that focuses on securities issued by larger companies. Small-sized companies often have less experienced management, narrower product lines, more limited financial resources, and less publicly available information than larger companies. In addition, smaller companies are typically more sensitive to changes in overall economic conditions and their securities may be difficult to trade.

Foreign investing risk This is the risk that the fund’s investments in foreign securities may be adversely affected by local, political, social, and economic conditions overseas, greater volatility, reduced liquidity, or decreases in foreign currency values relative to the U.S. dollar.

Performance The Small-Cap Stock Fund—I Class incepted on August 28, 2015, and does not have a full calendar year of performance history. Performance for the class will be presented after the class has been in operation for one full calendar year. As a point of comparison, however, the following bar chart and table show calendar year returns and average annual total returns for the existing Investor Class of the Small-Cap Stock Fund (“Investor Class”). Because the Small-Cap Stock Fund—I Class is expected to have lower expenses than the Investor Class, its performance, had it existed over the periods shown, would have been higher. The Investor Class and the Small-Cap Stock Fund—I Class share the same portfolio. The bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund by showing how much returns can differ from year to year and how the Investor Class’ average annual returns for certain periods compare with the returns of a relevant broad-based market index, as well as with the returns of one or more other comparative indexes that have investment characteristics similar to those of the fund.

T. Rowe Price 4

The fund can also experience short-term performance swings, as shown by the best and worst calendar quarter returns during the years depicted for the Investor Class.

Performance information represents only past performance (before and after taxes) and does not necessarily indicate future results.

In addition, the average annual total returns table shows hypothetical after-tax returns to demonstrate how taxes paid by a shareholder may influence returns. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as a 401(k) account or individual retirement account. In some cases, the figure shown for “returns after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares” may be higher than the figure shown for “returns before taxes” because the calculations assume the investor received a tax deduction for any loss incurred on the sale of shares.

Summary 5

Average Annual Total Returns
			Periods ended
			December 31, 2015
			1 Year		5 Years		10 Years
	Small-Cap Stock Fund
		Returns before taxes	-3.18	%	10.93	%	8.57	%
		Returns after taxes on distributions	-5.49		9.20		7.32
		Returns after taxes on distributions
		and sale of fund shares	0.04		8.71		6.96
	Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)		-4.41		9.19		6.80
	S&P SmallCap 600 Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)		-1.97		11.48		8.01
	Lipper Small-Cap Core Funds Index		-4.23		8.64		6.69

Current performance information may be obtained through troweprice.com or by calling 1-800-638-8790.

Management

Investment Adviser T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (T. Rowe Price)

Portfolio Manager	Title	Managed Fund Since	Joined Investment Adviser
Gregory A. McCrickard*	Chairman of Investment Advisory Committee	1992	1986

*Effective October 1, 2016, Frank M. Alonso will replace Gregory A. McCrickard as the fund’s portfolio manager and Chairman of the fund’s Investment Advisory Committee. Mr. Alonso joined T. Rowe Price in 2000.

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

Subject to certain exceptions, the fund is currently closed to new investors and new accounts. Investors who currently hold shares of the fund and participants in retirement plans that offer the fund as an investment option may generally purchase additional shares. If you invest through a financial intermediary, you should check with your intermediary to determine your eligibility to purchase shares of the fund.

The fund’s I Class generally requires a $1,000,000 minimum initial investment, although the minimum may be waived for certain accounts, such as retirement plans and financial intermediaries maintaining omnibus accounts. There is no minimum for subsequent purchases. If you hold shares through a retirement plan or financial intermediary, different investment minimums may apply to your account.

You may purchase, redeem, or exchange shares of the fund at any time by written request or by calling 1-800-638-8790 on any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business. If you hold shares through a financial intermediary, you must purchase, redeem, and exchange shares through your intermediary.

T. Rowe Price 6

Tax Information

Any dividends or capital gains are declared and paid annually, usually in December. Redemptions or exchanges of fund shares and distributions by the fund, whether or not you reinvest these amounts in additional fund shares, may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains unless you invest through a tax-deferred account (although you may be taxed upon withdrawal from such account).

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

The fund and its investment adviser do not pay broker-dealers or other financial intermediaries for sales or related services of the fund’s I Class shares.

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.
100 East Pratt Street
Baltimore, MD 21202 R525-045 5/1/16