EX-99.2 4 ex992-stix2011segmentrecas.htm ITEM 8 Ex99.2 - STI- 2011 segment recast - Item 8 (10-K -F&F)




Item 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of SunTrust Banks, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SunTrust Banks, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of income/(loss), shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of SunTrust Banks, Inc. at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), SunTrust Banks, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.


 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Atlanta, Georgia
February 24, 2012
except for Notes 1, 20 and 21, as to which the date is
August 1, 2012













SunTrust Banks, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions and shares in thousands, except per share data)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Interest Income
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans

$5,219

 

$5,300

 

$5,530

Interest and fees on loans held for sale
93

 
137

 
233

Interest and dividends on securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable interest
688

 
709

 
717

Tax-exempt interest
21

 
31

 
40

    Dividends1
82

 
76

 
73

Trading account interest and other
78

 
90

 
117

Total interest income
6,181

 
6,343

 
6,710

Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on deposits
624

 
860

 
1,440

Interest on long-term debt
449

 
580

 
761

Interest on other borrowings
43

 
49

 
43

Total interest expense
1,116

 
1,489

 
2,244

Net interest income
5,065

 
4,854

 
4,466

Provision for credit losses
1,513

 
2,651

 
4,064

Net interest income after provision for credit losses
3,552

 
2,203

 
402

Noninterest Income
 
 
 
 
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
685

 
760

 
848

Trust and investment management income
531

 
503

 
486

Other charges and fees
507

 
534

 
523

Card fees
371

 
376

 
324

Investment banking income
317

 
313

 
272

Trading income/(loss)
248

 
173

 
(41
)
Retail investment services
230

 
205

 
218

Mortgage production related (loss)/income
(5
)
 
127

 
376

Mortgage servicing related income
224

 
358

 
330

Net securities gains2
117

 
191

 
98

Gain from ownership in Visa

 

 
112

Other noninterest income
196

 
189

 
164

Total noninterest income
3,421

 
3,729

 
3,710

Noninterest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
Employee compensation
2,494

 
2,364

 
2,258

Employee benefits
382

 
457

 
542

Outside processing and software
653

 
638

 
579

Net occupancy expense
356

 
361

 
357

Regulatory assessments
300

 
265

 
302

Credit and collection services
275

 
279

 
259

Other real estate expense
264

 
300

 
244

Operating losses
257

 
83

 
99

Marketing and customer development
184

 
177

 
152

Equipment expense
178

 
174

 
172

Potential mortgage servicing settlement and claims expense
120

 

 

Amortization/impairment of goodwill/intangible assets
43

 
51

 
807

Net (gain)/loss on debt extinguishment
(3
)
 
70

 
39

Other noninterest expense
731

 
692

 
752

Total noninterest expense
6,234

 
5,911

 
6,562

Income/(loss) before provision/(benefit) for income taxes
739

 
21

 
(2,450
)
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes
79

 
(185
)
 
(898
)
Net income/(loss) including income attributable to noncontrolling interest
660

 
206

 
(1,552
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
13

 
17

 
12

Net income/(loss)

$647

 

$189

 

($1,564
)
Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders

$495

 

($87
)
 

($1,733
)
Net income/(loss) per average common share
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted3

$0.94

 

($0.18
)
 

($3.98
)
Basic
0.94

 
(0.18
)
 
(3.98
)
Dividends declared per common share

$0.12

 

$0.04

 

$0.22

Average common shares - diluted
527,618

 
498,744

 
437,486

Average common shares - basic
523,995

 
495,361

 
435,328

1Includes dividends on common stock of The Coca-Cola Company of $56 million, $53 million, and $49 million during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
2Includes credit-related other-than-temporary impairment losses of $6 million, $2 million, and $20 million, consisting of $7 million, $2 million, and $113 million of total unrealized losses, net of $1 million, $0, and $93 million of non-credit related unrealized losses recorded in other comprehensive income, before taxes, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
3For earnings per share calculation purposes, the impact of dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted share count during periods that the Company has recognized a net loss available to common shareholders because the impact would be anti-dilutive.
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

1


SunTrust Banks, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
  
As of December 31
(Dollars in millions and shares in thousands)
2011
 
2010
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks

$3,696

 

$4,296

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
792

 
1,058

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks
21

 
24

Cash and cash equivalents
4,509

 
5,378

Trading assets
6,279

 
6,175

Securities available for sale
28,117

 
26,895

Loans held for sale1 (loans at fair value: $2,141 and $3,168 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
2,353

 
3,501

Loans2 (loans at fair value: $433 and $492 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
122,495

 
115,975

Allowance for loan and lease losses
(2,457
)
 
(2,974
)
Net loans
120,038

 
113,001

Premises and equipment
1,564

 
1,620

Goodwill
6,344

 
6,323

Other intangible assets (MSRs at fair value: $921 and $1,439 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
1,017

 
1,571

Other real estate owned
479

 
596

Other assets
6,159

 
7,814

Total assets

$176,859

 

$172,874

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing consumer and commercial deposits

$34,359

 

$27,290

Interest-bearing consumer and commercial deposits
91,252

 
92,735

Total consumer and commercial deposits
125,611

 
120,025

Brokered time deposits (CDs at fair value: $1,018 and $1,213 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
2,281

 
2,365

Foreign deposits
30

 
654

Total deposits
127,922

 
123,044

Funds purchased
839

 
951

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
1,644

 
2,180

Other short-term borrowings
8,983

 
2,690

Long-term debt 3 (debt at fair value: $1,997 and $2,837 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
10,908

 
13,648

Trading liabilities
1,806

 
2,678

Other liabilities
4,691

 
4,553

Total liabilities
156,793

 
149,744

 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, no par value
275

 
4,942

Common stock, $1.00 par value
550

 
515

Additional paid in capital
9,306

 
8,403

Retained earnings
8,978

 
8,542

Treasury stock, at cost, and other4
(792
)
 
(888
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax
1,749

 
1,616

Total shareholders’ equity
20,066

 
23,130

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$176,859

 

$172,874

 
 
 
 
Common shares outstanding
536,967

 
500,436

Common shares authorized
750,000

 
750,000

Preferred shares outstanding
3

 
50

Preferred shares authorized
50,000

 
50,000

Treasury shares of common stock

12,954

 
14,231

 
 
 
 
1 Includes loans held for sale, at fair value, of consolidated VIEs

$315

 

$316

2 Includes loans of consolidated VIEs
3,322

 
2,869

3 Includes debt of consolidated VIEs ($289 million and $290 million at fair value as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively)
722

 
764

4 Includes $107 million $129 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, related to noncontrolling interest held.
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


2


SunTrust Banks, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share data)
Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Shares
Outstanding
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid in
Capital
 
Retained 
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock and
Other1
 
Accumulated
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income
 
Total
Balance, January 1, 2009

$5,222

 
354

 

$373

 

$6,904

 

$10,389

 

($1,368
)
 

$981

 

$22,501

Net loss

 

 

 

 
(1,564
)
 

 

 
(1,564
)
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
281

 
281

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
(435
)
 
(435
)
Change related to employee benefit plans

 

 

 

 

 

 
251

 
251

Total comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,467
)
Change in noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 
(5
)
 

 
(5
)
Common stock dividends, $0.22 per share

 

 

 

 
(83
)
 

 

 
(83
)
Series A preferred stock dividends, $4,056 per share

 

 

 

 
(14
)
 

 

 
(14
)
U.S. Treasury preferred stock dividends, $5,004 per share

 

 

 

 
(243
)
 

 

 
(243
)
Accretion of discount for preferred stock issued to U.S. Treasury
23

 

 

 

 
(23
)
 

 

 

Issuance of common stock in connection with SCAP capital plan

 
142

 
142

 
1,688

 

 

 

 
1,830

Extinguishment of forward stock purchase contract

 

 

 
174

 

 

 

 
174

Repurchase of preferred stock
(328
)
 

 

 
5

 
95

 

 

 
(228
)
Exercise of stock options and stock compensation expense

 

 

 
11

 

 

 

 
11

Restricted stock activity

 
2

 

 
(206
)
 

 
177

 

 
(29
)
Amortization of restricted stock compensation

 

 

 

 

 
66

 

 
66

Issuance of stock for employee benefit plans and other

 
1

 

 
(55
)
 
(2
)
 
75

 

 
18

Adoption of OTTI guidance

 

 

 

 
8

 

 
(8
)
 

Balance, December 31, 2009

$4,917

 
499

 

$515

 

$8,521

 

$8,563

 

($1,055
)
 

$1,070

 

$22,531

Net income

 

 

 

 
189

 

 

 
189

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
366

 
366

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
120

 
120

Change related to employee benefit plans

 

 

 

 

 

 
60

 
60

Total comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
735

Change in noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 
4

 

 
4

Common stock dividends, $0.04 per share

 

 

 

 
(20
)
 

 

 
(20
)
Series A preferred stock dividends, $4,056 per share

 

 

 

 
(7
)
 

 

 
(7
)
U.S. Treasury preferred stock dividends, $5,000 per share

 

 

 

 
(242
)
 

 

 
(242
)
Accretion of discount for preferred stock issued to U.S. Treasury
25

 

 

 

 
(25
)
 

 

 

Stock compensation expense

 

 

 
24

 

 

 

 
24

Restricted stock activity

 
1

 

 
(97
)
 

 
66

 

 
(31
)
Amortization of restricted stock compensation

 

 

 

 

 
42

 

 
42

Issuance of stock for employee benefit plans and other

 

 

 
(45
)
 
2

 
55

 

 
12

Fair value election of MSRs

 

 

 

 
89

 

 

 
89

Adoption of VIE consolidation guidance

 

 

 

 
(7
)
 

 
 
 
(7
)
Balance, December 31, 2010

$4,942

 
500

 

$515

 

$8,403

 

$8,542

 

($888
)
 

$1,616

 

$23,130

Net income

 

 

 

 
647

 

 

 
647

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
337

 
337

Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of taxes

 

 

 

 

 

 
37

 
37

Change related to employee benefit plans

 

 

 

 

 

 
(241
)
 
(241
)
Total comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
780

Change in noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 
(22
)
 

 
(22
)
Common stock dividends, $0.12 per share

 

 

 

 
(64
)
 

 

 
(64
)
Series A preferred stock dividends, $4,056 per share

 

 

 

 
(7
)
 

 

 
(7
)
U.S. Treasury preferred stock dividends, $1,236 per share

 

 

 

 
(60
)
 

 

 
(60
)
Accretion of discount for preferred stock issued to U.S. Treasury
6

 

 

 

 
(6
)
 

 

 

Repurchase of preferred stock issued to U.S. Treasury
(4,776
)
 

 

 

 
(74
)
 

 

 
(4,850
)
Purchase of outstanding warrants

 

 

 
(11
)
 

 

 

 
(11
)
Issuance of common stock

 
35

 
35

 
982

 

 

 

 
1,017

Issuance of preferred stock
103

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
103

Excercise of stock options and stock compensation expense

 

 

 
11

 

 
1

 

 
12

Restricted stock activity

 
1

 

 
(58
)
 

 
50

 

 
(8
)
Amortization of restricted stock compensation

 

 

 

 

 
32

 

 
32

Issuance of stock for employee benefit plans and other

 
1

 

 
(21
)
 

 
35

 

 
14

Balance, December 31, 2011

$275

 
537

 

$550

 

$9,306

 

$8,978

 

($792
)
 

$1,749

 

$20,066

1 At December 31, 2011 includes ($851) million for treasury stock, ($48) million for compensation element of restricted stock, and $107 million for noncontrolling interest.
At December 31, 2010 includes ($974) million for treasury stock, ($43) million for compensation element of restricted stock, and $129 million for noncontrolling interest.
At December 31, 2009 includes ($1,104) million for treasury stock, ($59) million for compensation element of restricted stock, and $108 million for noncontrolling interest.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

3


SunTrust Banks, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 
 
 
 
 
Net income/(loss) including income attributable to noncontrolling interest

$660

 

$206

 

($1,552
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:

 
 
 

Gain from ownership in Visa

 

 
(112
)
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion
760

 
803

 
966

Goodwill impairment

 

 
751

Mortgage servicing rights impairment recovery

 

 
(199
)
Origination of mortgage servicing rights
(224
)
 
(289
)
 
(682
)
Provisions for credit losses and foreclosed property
1,664

 
2,831

 
4,270

Mortgage repurchase provision
502

 
456

 
444

Potential mortgage servicing settlement and claims expense
120

 

 

Deferred income tax expense/(benefit)
83

 
(171
)
 
(894
)
Stock option compensation and amortization of restricted stock compensation
44

 
66

 
77

Net (gain)/loss on extinguishment of debt
(3
)
 
70

 
39

Net securities gains
(117
)
 
(191
)
 
(98
)
Net gain on sale of assets
(408
)
 
(597
)
 
(772
)
Gain on pension curtailment
(88
)
 

 

Net decrease/(increase) in loans held for sale
2,234

 
1,003

 
(258
)
Net (increase)/decrease in other assets
(497
)
 
(341
)
 
1,523

Net increase/(decrease) in other liabilities
(102
)
 
372

 
(461
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
4,628

 
4,218

 
3,042

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and paydowns of securities available for sale
5,557

 
5,597

 
3,407

Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
12,557

 
17,465

 
19,488

Purchases of securities available for sale
(18,872
)
 
(20,920
)
 
(33,793
)
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and paydowns of trading securities
139

 
99

 
148

Proceeds from sales of trading securities
102

 
132

 
2,113

Purchases of trading securities

 

 
(86
)
Net (increase)/decrease in loans including purchases of loans
(11,034
)
 
(4,566
)
 
8,609

Proceeds from sales of loans
747

 
936

 
756

Capital expenditures
(131
)
 
(252
)
 
(212
)
Proceeds from sale/redemption of Visa shares

 

 
112

Contingent consideration and other payments related to acquisitions
(24
)
 
(10
)
 
(25
)
Proceeds from the sale of other assets
628

 
800

 
567

Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
(10,331
)
 
(719
)
 
1,084

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase in total deposits
4,878

 
1,182

 
8,085

Assumption of deposits, net

 

 
449

Net increase/(decrease) in funds purchased, securities sold under agreements
to repurchase, and other short-term borrowings
6,650

 
(1,295
)
 
(4,114
)
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt
1,749

 
500

 
575

Repayment of long-term debt
(4,571
)
 
(5,246
)
 
(10,034
)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
1,017

 

 
1,830

Proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock
103

 

 

   Repurchase of preferred stock
(4,850
)
 

 
(228
)
   Purchase of outstanding warrants
(11
)
 

 

Common and preferred dividends paid
(131
)
 
(259
)
 
(329
)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities
4,834

 
(5,118
)
 
(3,766
)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
(869
)
 
(1,619
)
 
360

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
5,378

 
6,997

 
6,637

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

$4,509

 

$5,378

 

$6,997

Supplemental Disclosures:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest paid

$1,138

 

$1,537

 

$2,367

Income taxes paid
68

 
33

 
45

Income taxes refunded
(1
)
 
(435
)
 
(106
)
Loans transferred from loans held for sale to loans
63

 
213

 
307

Loans transferred from loans to loans held for sale
754

 
346

 
125

Loans transferred from loans and loans held for sale to other real estate owned
725

 
1,063

 
812

Amortization of deferred gain on sale/leaseback of premises
59

 
59

 
59

Accretion of discount for preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury
80

 
25

 
23

Extinguishment of forward stock purchase contract

 

 
174

Gain on repurchase of Series A preferred stock

 

 
94

Total assets of newly consolidated VIEs during 2010

 
2,541

 


See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

4


Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1 – SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
General
SunTrust, one of the nation's largest commercial banking organizations, is a financial services holding company with its headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. Through its principal subsidiary, SunTrust Bank, the Company offers a full line of financial services for consumers and businesses including deposit, credit, and trust and investment services. Additional subsidiaries provide mortgage banking, asset management, securities brokerage, capital market services, and credit-related insurance. SunTrust operates primarily within Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and the District of Columbia. SunTrust provides clients with a selection of technology-based banking channels, including the internet, ATMs, and twenty-four hour telebanking. SunTrust’s client base encompasses a broad range of individuals and families, businesses, institutions, and governmental agencies. Within its geographic footprint, SunTrust operated under the following business segments during 2011 and 2010: Retail Banking, Diversified Commercial Banking, CRE, CIB, Mortgage, and W&IM, with the remainder in Corporate Other and Treasury. During the first quarter of 2012, SunTrust revised its segment structure from six segments to three: Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management, Wholesale Banking, and Mortgage Banking, with the remainder in Corporate Other. See additional discussion of this change in Note 21, “Business Segment Reporting.”
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions.
The Company holds VIs, which are contractual ownership or other interests that change with changes in the fair value of a VIE's net assets. The Company consolidates a VIE if it is the primary beneficiary, which is the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the financial performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or rights to receive benefits through its VIs that could potentially be significant to the VIE. To determine whether or not a VI held by the Company could potentially be significant to the VIE, both qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size, and form of our involvement with the VIE are considered. The assessment of whether or not the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE is performed on an on-going basis. The Company consolidates VOEs, which are entities that are not VIEs that are controlled through the Company's equity interests.
Investments in companies which are not VIEs, or where SunTrust is not the primary beneficiary of a VIE, that the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financing decisions, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. These investments are included in other assets at cost, adjusted to reflect the Company's portion of income, loss or dividends of the investee. Unconsolidated equity investments that do not meet the criteria to be accounted for under the equity method are accounted for under the cost method. Cost method investments are included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and dividends received or receivable from these investments are included as a component of other noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
Results of operations of companies purchased are included from the date of acquisition. Results of operations associated with companies or net assets sold are included through the date of disposition. The Company reports any noncontrolling interests in its subsidiaries in the equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets and separately presents the income or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest of a consolidated subsidiary in its Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Assets and liabilities of purchased companies are initially recorded at estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could vary from these estimates. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation.
The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date its financial statements were issued. For additional information on the Company's subsequent events, see Note 25, "Subsequent Event."
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, Fed funds sold, and securities purchased under agreements to resell. Cash and cash equivalents have maturities of three months or less, and accordingly, the carrying amount of these instruments is deemed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.

5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Securities and Trading Activities
Securities are classified at trade date as trading or securities AFS. Trading account assets and liabilities are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized within noninterest income. Realized and unrealized gains and losses are recognized as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Securities AFS are used as part of the overall asset and liability management process to optimize income and market performance over an entire interest rate cycle. Interest income and dividends on securities are recognized in interest income on an accrual basis. Premiums and discounts on debt securities are amortized as an adjustment to yield over the estimated life of the security. Securities AFS are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of any tax effect, included in AOCI as a component of shareholders’ equity. Realized gains and losses, including OTTI, are determined using the specific identification method and are recognized as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

On a quarterly basis, securities AFS are reviewed for possible OTTI. In determining whether OTTI exists for securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company assesses whether it has the intent to sell the security or, for debt securities, the Company assesses the likelihood of selling the security prior to the recovery of its amortized cost basis. If the Company intends to sell the debt security or it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security prior to the recovery of its amortized cost basis, the debt security is written down to fair value, and the full amount of any impairment charge is recognized as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). If the Company does not intend to sell the debt security and it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, only the credit component of any impairment of a debt security is recognized as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss), with the remaining impairment recorded in OCI.

The OTTI review for equity securities includes an analysis of the facts and circumstances of each individual investment and focuses on the severity of loss, the length of time the fair value has been below cost, the expectation for that security's performance, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and management's intent and ability to hold the security to recovery. A decline in value of an equity security that is considered to be other-than-temporary is recognized as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews nonmarketable equity securities, which include venture capital equity and certain mezzanine securities that are not publicly traded as well as equity investments acquired for various purposes. These securities are accounted for under the cost or equity method and are included in other assets. The Company reviews nonmarketable securities accounted for under the cost method on a quarterly basis and reduces the asset value when declines in value are considered to be other-than-temporary. Equity method investments are recorded at cost, adjusted to reflect the Company’s portion of income, loss or dividends of the investee. Realized income, realized losses and estimated other-than-temporary unrealized losses on cost and equity method investments are recognized in noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
For additional information on the Company’s securities activities, see Note 5, “Securities Available for Sale.”
Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at the amounts at which the securities were sold, plus accrued interest. The fair value of collateral pledged is continually monitored and additional collateral is pledged or requested to be returned to the Company as deemed appropriate. For additional information on the collateral pledged to secure repurchase agreements, see Note 4, "Trading Assets and Liabilities," and Note 5, "Securities Available for Sale."
Loans Held for Sale
The Company’s LHFS generally includes certain residential mortgage loans, commercial loans, and student loans. Loans are initially classified as LHFS when they are identified as being available for immediate sale and a formal plan exists to sell them. LHFS are recorded at either fair value, if elected, or the lower of cost or fair value on an individual loan basis. Origination fees and costs for LHFS recorded at LOCOM are capitalized in the basis of the loan and are included in the calculation of realized gains and losses upon sale. Origination fees and costs are recognized in earnings at the time of origination for LHFS that are recorded at fair value. Fair value is derived from observable current market prices, when available, and includes loan servicing value. When observable market prices are not available, the Company uses judgment and estimates fair value using internal models, in which the Company uses its best estimates of assumptions it believes would be used by market participants in estimating fair value. Adjustments to reflect unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value and realized gains and losses upon ultimate sale of the loans are classified as noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The Company may transfer certain residential mortgage loans, commercial loans, and student loans to a held-for-sale classification at LOCOM. At the time of transfer, any credit losses are recorded as a reduction in the ALLL. Subsequent credit losses, as well as incremental interest rate or liquidity related valuation adjustments are recorded as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). The Company may also transfer loans from held for sale to held for investment. At the time of transfer, any difference between the carrying amount of the loan and its outstanding principal balance is recognized as an adjustment to yield using the interest method, unless the loan was elected upon origination to be accounted for at fair value. If a held for sale loan is transferred to held for investment for which fair value accounting was elected, it will continue to be accounted for at fair value in the held for investment portfolio. For additional information on the Company’s LHFS activities, see Note 6, “Loans.”
Loans
Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay-off are considered LHFI. The Company’s loan balance is comprised of loans held in portfolio, including commercial loans, consumer loans, and residential loans. Interest income on all types of loans, except those classified as nonaccrual, is accrued based upon the outstanding principal amounts using the effective yield method.
Commercial loans (commercial & industrial, commercial real estate, and commercial construction) are considered to be past due when payment is not received from the borrower by the contractually specified due date. The Company typically classifies commercial loans as nonaccrual when one of the following events occurs: (i) interest or principal has been past due 90 days or more, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection; (ii) collection of recorded interest or principal is not anticipated; or (iii) income for the loan is recognized on a cash basis due to the deterioration in the financial condition of the debtor. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, unpaid interest is reversed against interest income. Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recognized after the principal has been reduced to zero. If and when commercial borrowers demonstrate the ability to repay a loan in accordance with the contractual terms of a loan classified as nonaccrual, the loan may be returned to accrual status upon meeting all regulatory, accounting, and internal policy requirements.
Consumer loans (guaranteed and private student loans, other direct, indirect, and credit card) are considered to be past due when payment is not received from the borrower by the contractually specified due date. Guaranteed student loans continue to accrue interest regardless of delinquency status because collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured. Other direct and indirect loans are typically placed on nonaccrual when payments have been past due for 90 days or more except when the borrower has declared bankruptcy, in which case, they are moved to nonaccrual status once they become 60 days past due. Credit card loans are never placed on nonaccrual status but rather are charged off once they are 180 days past due. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, unpaid interest is reversed against interest income. Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recognized on a cash basis. Nonaccrual consumer loans are typically returned to accrual status once they are no longer past due.
Residential loans (guaranteed and nonguaranteed residential mortgages, home equity products, and residential construction) are considered to be past due when a monthly payment is due and unpaid for one month. Guaranteed residential mortgages continue to accrue interest regardless of delinquency status because collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured. Nonguaranteed residential mortgages and residential construction loans are generally placed on nonaccrual when three payments are past due. Home equity products are generally placed on nonaccrual when payments are 90 days past due. The exception for nonguaranteed residential mortgages, residential construction loans, and home equity products is when the borrower has declared bankruptcy, in which case, they are moved to nonaccrual status once they become 60 days past due. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, unpaid interest is reversed against interest income. Interest income on nonaccrual loans, if recognized, is recognized on a cash basis. Nonaccrual residential loans are typically returned to accrual status once they no longer meet the delinquency threshold that resulted in them initially being moved to nonaccrual status.
TDRs are loans in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the time of restructure, and the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower. To date, the Company’s TDRs have been predominantly first and second lien residential mortgages and home equity lines of credit. Prior to modifying a borrower’s loan terms, the Company performs an evaluation of the borrower’s financial condition and ability to service under the potential modified loan terms. The types of concessions generally granted are extensions of the loan maturity date and/or reductions in the original contractual interest rate. If a loan is accruing at the time of modification, the loan remains on accrual status and is subject to the Company’s charge-off and nonaccrual policies. See the “Allowance for Credit Losses” section within this Note for further information regarding these policies. If a loan is on nonaccrual before it is determined to be a TDR then the loan remains on nonaccrual. TDRs may be returned to accrual status if there has been at least a six month sustained period of repayment performance by the borrower. Generally, once a residential loan becomes a TDR, the Company expects that the loan will likely continue to be reported as a TDR for its remaining life even after returning to accruing status as the modified rates and terms at the time of modification were typically more favorable than those generally available in the market. Interest income recognition on impaired loans is dependent upon nonaccrual status, TDR designation, and loan type as discussed above.

7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


For loans accounted for at amortized cost, fees and incremental direct costs associated with the loan origination and pricing process, as well as premiums and discounts, are deferred and amortized as level yield adjustments over the respective loan terms. Premiums for purchased credit cards are amortized on a straight-line basis over one year. Fees received for providing loan commitments that result in funded loans are recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment of the yield. If a loan is never funded, the commitment fee is recognized into noninterest income at the expiration of the commitment period. Origination fees and costs are recognized in noninterest income and expense at the time of origination for newly-originated loans that are accounted for at fair value. For additional information on the Company's loans activities, see Note 6, “Loans.”
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Allowance for Credit Losses is composed of the ALLL and the reserve for unfunded commitments. The Company’s ALLL is the amount considered adequate to absorb probable losses within the portfolio based on management’s evaluation of the size and current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio. In addition to the review of credit quality through ongoing credit review processes, the Company employs a variety of modeling and estimation techniques to measure credit risk and construct an appropriate and adequate ALLL. Numerous asset quality measures, both quantitative and qualitative, are considered in estimating the ALLL. Such evaluation considers numerous factors for each of the loan portfolio segments, including, but not limited to net charge-off trends, internal risk ratings, changes in internal risk ratings, loss forecasts, collateral values, geographic location, delinquency rates, nonperforming and restructured loan status, origination channel, product mix, underwriting practices, industry conditions, and economic trends. Additionally, refreshed FICO scores are considered for consumer and residential loans and single name borrower concentration is considered for commercial loans. These credit quality factors are incorporated into various loss estimation models and analytical tools utilized in the ALLL process and/or are qualitatively considered in evaluating the overall reasonableness of the ALLL.
Large commercial (all loan classes) nonaccrual loans and certain consumer (other direct and credit card), residential (nonguaranteed residential mortgages, home equity products, and residential construction), and commercial (all classes) loans whose terms have been modified in a TDR are individually identified for evaluation of impairment. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. If necessary, a specific allowance is established for individually evaluated impaired loans. The specific allowance established for these loans is based on a thorough analysis of the most probable source of repayment, including the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows, the loan’s estimated market value, or the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral depending on the most likely source of repayment. Any change in the present value attributable to the passage of time is recognized through the provision for credit losses.
General allowances are established for loans and leases grouped into pools based on similar characteristics. In this process, general allowance factors are based on an analysis of historical charge-off experience, portfolio trends, regional and national economic conditions, and expected LGD derived from the Company’s internal risk rating process. Other adjustments may be made to the ALLL after an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the historical loss or other risk rating data. These influences may include elements such as changes in credit underwriting, concentration risk, macroeconomic conditions, and/or recent observable asset quality trends.
The Company’s charge-off policy meets regulatory minimums. Losses on unsecured consumer loans are recognized at 90 days past due compared to the regulatory loss criteria of 120 days past due. Losses, as appropriate, on secured consumer loans, including residential real estate, are typically recognized between 120 and 180 days past due, depending on the collateral type, in compliance with the FFIEC guidelines. Loans that have been partially charged-off remain on nonperforming status, regardless of collateral value, until specific borrower performance criteria are met.
The Company uses numerous sources of information in order to make an appropriate evaluation of a property’s value. Estimated collateral valuations are based on appraisals, broker price opinions, recent sales of foreclosed properties, automated valuation models, other property-specific information, and relevant market information, supplemented by the Company’s internal property valuation professionals. The value estimate is based on an orderly disposition and marketing period of the property. In limited instances, the Company adjusts externally provided appraisals for justifiable and well-supported reasons, such as an appraiser not being aware of certain property-specific factors or recent sales information. Appraisals generally represent the “as is” value of the property but may be adjusted based on the intended disposition strategy of the property.
For commercial real estate loans secured by property, an acceptable third-party appraisal or other form of evaluation, as permitted by regulation, is obtained prior to the origination of the loan and upon a subsequent transaction involving a material change in terms. In addition, updated valuations may be obtained during the life of a transaction, as appropriate, such as when a loan's performance materially deteriorates. In situations where an updated appraisal has not been received or a formal evaluation performed, the Company monitors factors that can positively or negatively impact property value, such as the date of the last valuation, the volatility of property values in specific markets, changes in the value of similar properties, and changes in the

8

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


characteristics of individual properties. Changes in collateral value affect the ALLL through the risk rating or impaired loan evaluation process. Charge-offs are recognized when the amount of the loss is quantifiable and timing is known. The charge-off is measured based on the difference between the loan’s carrying value, including deferred fees, and the estimated net realizable value of the loan, net of estimated selling costs. When assessing property value for the purpose of determining a charge-off, a third-party appraisal or an independently derived internal evaluation is generally employed.
For mortgage loans secured by residential property where the Company is proceeding with a foreclosure action, a new valuation is obtained prior to the loan becoming 180 days past due and, if required, the loan is written down to net realizable value, net of estimated selling costs. In the event the Company decides not to proceed with a foreclosure action, the full balance of the loan is charged-off. If a loan remains in the foreclosure process for 12 months past the original charge-off, typically at 180 days past due, the Company obtains a new valuation annually. Any additional loss based on the new valuation is either charged-off or provided for through the ALLL. At foreclosure, a new valuation is obtained and the loan is transferred to OREO at the new valuation less estimated selling costs; any loan balance in excess of the transfer value is charged-off. Estimated declines in value of the residential collateral between these formal evaluation events are captured in the ALLL based on changes in the house price index in the applicable MSA or other market information.
In addition to the ALLL, the Company also estimates probable losses related to unfunded lending commitments, such as letters of credit and binding unfunded loan commitments. Unfunded lending commitments are analyzed and segregated by risk similar to funded loans based on the Company’s internal risk rating scale. These risk classifications, in combination with an analysis of historical loss experience, probability of commitment usage, existing economic conditions, and any other pertinent information, result in the estimation of the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments is reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in other liabilities and through the third quarter of 2009, the provision associated with changes in the unfunded lending commitment reserve was reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) in noninterest expense. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company began recording changes in the unfunded lending commitment reserve in the provision for credit losses. For additional information on the Company's Allowance for Credit Loss activities, see Note 7, “Allowance for Credit Losses.”
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is calculated predominantly using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the improvements’ estimated useful lives or the lease term, depending on whether the lease meets the transfer of ownership or bargain-purchase option criterion. Certain leases are capitalized as assets for financial reporting purposes and are amortized using the straight-line method of amortization over the assets’ estimated useful lives or the lease terms, depending on the criteria that gave rise to the capitalization of the assets. Construction and software in process includes in process branch expansion, branch renovation, and software development projects. Upon completion, branch related projects are maintained in premises and equipment while completed software projects are reclassified to other assets. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense, and improvements that extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining useful life. Premises and equipment are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. For additional information on the Company’s premises and equipment activities, see Note 8, “Premises and Equipment.”
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of acquired companies. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units, which are operating segments or one level below an operating segment, as of the acquisition date. Goodwill is assigned to the Company’s reporting units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination.
Goodwill is not amortized and instead is tested for impairment, at least annually, at the reporting unit level. The goodwill impairment test is performed in two steps. The first step is used to identify potential impairment and the second step, if required, measures the amount of impairment by comparing the carrying amount of goodwill to its implied fair value. If the implied fair value of the goodwill exceeds the carrying amount, there is no impairment. If the goodwill assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.
Identified intangible assets that have a designated finite life are amortized over their useful lives and are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. For additional information on the Company’s activities related to goodwill and other intangibles, see Note 9, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”

9

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


MSRs
The Company recognizes as assets the rights to service mortgage loans based on the estimated fair value of the MSRs when loans are sold and the associated servicing rights are retained. Effective January 1, 2009, MSRs related to loans originated and sold after January 1, 2008 were accounted for at fair value. Effective January 1, 2010, the Company elected to record MSRs related to loans originated and sold before January 1, 2008, at fair value. These MSRs were previously carried at LOCOM. The Company now records all MSRs at fair value. Fair value is determined by projecting net servicing cash flows, which are then discounted to estimate the fair value. The Company actively hedges its MSRs.The fair values of MSRs are impacted by a variety of factors, including prepayment assumptions, discount rates, delinquency rates, contractually specified servicing fees, servicing costs and underlying portfolio characteristics. The underlying assumptions and estimated values are corroborated by values received from independent third parties. The carrying value of MSRs is reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in other intangible assets. Servicing fees are recognized as they are received and changes in fair value are also reported in mortgage servicing related income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). For additional information on the Company’s servicing fees, see Note 9, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.”
Other Real Estate Owned
Assets acquired through, or in lieu of loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at the lower of the loan’s cost basis or the asset’s fair value at the date of foreclosure, less estimated selling costs. To the extent fair value, less cost to sell, is less than the loan’s cost basis, the difference is charged to the ALLL at the date of transfer into OREO. The Company estimates market values primarily based on appraisals and other market information. Subsequent changes in value of the assets are reported as adjustments to the asset’s carrying amount. Subsequent to foreclosure, changes in value along with gains or losses from the disposition on these assets are reported in noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). For additional information on the Company's activities related to OREO, see Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement.”
Loan Sales and Securitizations
The Company sells and at times may securitize loans and other financial assets. When the Company securitizes assets, it may hold a portion of the securities issued, including senior interests, subordinated and other residual interests, interest-only strips, and principal-only strips, all of which are considered retained interests in the transferred assets. Previously when the Company retained securitized interests, the cost basis of the securitized financial assets were allocated between the sold and retained portions based on their relative fair values. The gain or loss on sale was then calculated based on the difference between proceeds received, which includes cash proceeds and the fair value of MSRs, if any, and the cost basis allocated to the sold interests. The retained interests were subsequently carried at fair value. Since January 1, 2010, retained securitized interests are recognized and initially measured at fair value. The interests in securitized assets held by the Company are typically classified as either securities AFS or trading assets and carried at fair value, which is based on independent, third-party market prices, market prices for similar assets, or discounted cash flow analyses. If market prices are not available, fair value is calculated using management’s best estimates of key assumptions, including credit losses, loan repayment speeds and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. For additional information on the Company’s securitization activities, see Note 11, “Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities.”

Income Taxes
The provision/(benefit) for income taxes is based on income and expense reported for financial statement purposes after adjustment for permanent differences such as interest income from lending to tax-exempt entities and tax credits from community reinvestment activities. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities result from differences between the timing of the recognition of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and for income tax return purposes. These assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are currently in effect. Subsequent changes in the tax laws require adjustment to these assets and liabilities with the cumulative effect included in the provision/(benefit) for income taxes for the period in which the change is enacted. A valuation allowance is recognized for a DTA if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the DTA will not be realized. In computing the income tax provision/(benefit), the Company evaluates the technical merits of its income tax positions based on current legislative, judicial and regulatory guidance. Interest and penalties related to the Company’s tax positions are recognized as a component of income tax provision/(benefit). For additional information on the Company’s activities related to income taxes, see Note 15, “Income Taxes.”
Earnings Per Share
Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income/(loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders

10

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period, plus common share equivalents calculated for stock options and restricted stock outstanding using the treasury stock method. In periods of a net loss, diluted EPS is calculated in the same manner as basic EPS.
The Company has issued certain restricted stock awards, which are unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents. These restricted shares are considered participating securities. Accordingly, the Company calculated net income available to common shareholders pursuant to the two-class method, whereby net income is allocated between common shareholders and participating securities. In periods of a net loss, no allocation is made to participating securities as they are not contractually required to fund net losses.
Net income available to common shareholders represents net income/(loss) after preferred stock dividends, accretion of the discount on preferred stock issuances, gains or losses from any repurchases of preferred stock, and dividends and allocation of undistributed earnings to the participating securities. For additional information on the Company’s EPS, see Note 13, “Net Income/(Loss) Per Share.”
Guarantees
The Company recognizes a liability at the inception of a guarantee, at an amount equal to the estimated fair value of the obligation. A guarantee is defined as a contract that contingently requires a company to make payment to a guaranteed party based upon changes in an underlying asset, liability or equity security of the guaranteed party, or upon failure of a third-party to perform under a specified agreement. The Company considers the following arrangements to be guarantees: certain asset purchase/sale agreements, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees, certain indemnification agreements included within third-party contractual arrangements and certain derivative contracts. For additional information on the Company’s guarantor obligations, see Note 18, “Reinsurance Arrangements and Guarantees.”
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company records all contracts that satisfy the definition of a derivative at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative is dependent upon its classification as either a freestanding derivative or a derivative that has been designated as a hedging instrument. The Company offsets cash collateral paid to and received from derivatives counterparties when the derivative contracts are subject to ISDA master netting arrangements and meet derivatives accounting guidance.
Changes in the fair value of freestanding derivatives are recorded in noninterest income. Freestanding derivatives include derivatives that the Company enters into in a dealer capacity to facilitate client transactions and as a risk management tool to economically hedge certain identified market risks, along with certain IRLCs on residential mortgage loans that are a normal part of the Company’s operations. The Company also evaluates contracts, such as brokered deposits and short-term debt, to determine whether any embedded derivatives are required to be bifurcated and separately accounted for as freestanding derivatives. For certain contracts containing embedded derivatives, the Company has elected not to bifurcate the embedded derivative and instead carry the entire contract at fair value.
Certain derivatives are also used as risk management tools and designated as accounting hedges of the Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates or other identified market risks. The Company prepares written hedge documentation for all derivatives which are designated as hedges of (1) changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge) attributable to a specified risk or (2) a forecasted transaction, such as the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge). The written hedge documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management objective, hedging instrument, hedged item and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness, along with support for management’s assertion that the hedge will be highly effective. Methodologies related to hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness are consistent between similar types of hedge transactions and have included (i) statistical regression analysis of changes in the cash flows of the actual derivative and a perfectly effective hypothetical derivative, and (ii) statistical regression analysis of changes in the fair values of the actual derivative and the hedged item.
For designated hedging relationships, the Company performs retrospective and prospective effectiveness testing using quantitative methods and does not assume perfect effectiveness through the matching of critical terms. Assessments of hedge effectiveness and measurements of hedge ineffectiveness are performed at least quarterly for ongoing effectiveness. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designated and qualifies as a fair value hedge are recorded in current period earnings, along with the changes in the fair value of the hedged item that are attributable to the hedged risk. The effective portion of the changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that has been designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are initially recorded in AOCI and reclassified to earnings in the same period that the hedged item impacts earnings; any ineffective portion is recorded in current period earnings.

11

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Hedge accounting ceases on transactions that are no longer deemed effective, or for which the derivative has been terminated or de-designated. For discontinued fair value hedges where the hedged item remains outstanding, the hedged item would cease to be remeasured at fair value attributable to changes in the hedged risk and any existing basis adjustment would be recognized as an adjustment to earnings over the remaining life of the hedged item. For discontinued cash flow hedges, the unrealized gains and losses recorded in AOCI would be reclassified to earnings in the period when the previously designated hedged cash flows occur unless it was determined that transaction was probable to not occur, whereby any unrealized gains and losses in AOCI would be immediately reclassified to earnings. For additional information on the Company’s derivative activities, see Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” and Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement.”
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company sponsors stock plans under which incentive and nonqualified stock options and restricted stock may be granted periodically to certain employees. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation under the fair value recognition provisions whereby the fair value of the award at grant date is expensed over the award’s vesting period. Additionally, the Company estimates the number of awards for which it is probable that service will be rendered and adjusts compensation cost accordingly. Estimated forfeitures are subsequently adjusted to reflect actual forfeitures. For additional information on the Company’s stock-based employee compensation plans, see Note 16, “Employee Benefit Plans.”
Employee Benefits
Employee benefits expense includes the net periodic benefit costs associated with the pension, supplemental retirement, and other postretirement benefit plans, as well as contributions under the defined contribution plan, the amortization of restricted stock, stock option awards, and costs of other employee benefits. For additional information on the Company's employee benefit plans, see Note 16, “Employee Benefit Plans.”
Foreign Currency Transactions
Foreign denominated assets and liabilities resulting from foreign currency transactions are valued using period end foreign exchange rates and the associated interest income or expense is determined using approximate weighted average exchange rates for the period. The Company may elect to enter into foreign currency derivatives to mitigate its exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates. The derivative contracts are accounted for at fair value. Gains and losses resulting from such valuations are included in noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
Fair Value
Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Examples of these include derivative instruments, AFS and trading securities, certain LHFI and LHFS, certain issuances of long-term debt, brokered deposits, and MSR assets. Fair value is used on a non-recurring basis as a measurement basis either when assets are evaluated for impairment, the basis of accounting is LOCOM or for disclosure purposes. Examples of these non-recurring uses of fair value include certain LHFS and LHFI, OREO, goodwill, intangible assets, nonmarketable equity securities, certain partnership investments and long-lived assets. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value.
The Company applied the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Assets or liabilities for which the identical item is traded on an active exchange, such as publicly-traded instruments or futures contracts.
Level 2 – Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments.
Level 3 – Assets or liabilities for which significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.
To determine the fair value measurement for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. If available, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. If identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to market observable data for similar assets and liabilities. Nevertheless, the Company uses alternative valuation techniques to derive a fair value measurement for those assets and liabilities that are either not actively traded in observable markets or for which market observable inputs are

12

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


not available. For additional information on the Company’s valuation of its assets and liabilities held at fair value, see Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement.”
Accounting Policies Recently Adopted and Pending Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310): A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring Is a Troubled Debt Restructuring.” The ASU provides additional guidance to assist creditors in determining whether a modification of a receivable meets the criteria to be considered a TDR, both for purposes of recognizing loan losses and additional disclosures regarding TDRs. A modification of a credit arrangement constitutes a TDR if the debtor is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. The clarifications for classification apply to all restructurings occurring on or after January 1, 2011. The measurement of impairment for those newly identified TDRs was applied prospectively beginning on July 1, 2011. The related disclosures, which were previously deferred by ASU 2011-01, were required for the interim reporting period ending September 30, 2011 and subsequent reporting periods. The required disclosures and impact as a result of adoption are included in Note 6, “Loans.” The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or EPS.
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-03, “Transfers and Servicing (Topic 860): Reconsideration of Effective Control for Repurchase Agreements.” A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which a company sells financial instruments to a buyer, typically in exchange for cash, and simultaneously enters into an agreement to repurchase the same or substantially the same financial instruments from the buyer at a stated price plus accrued interest at a future date. The determination of whether the transaction is accounted for as a sale or a collateralized financing is determined by assessing whether the seller retains effective control of the financial instrument. The ASU changes the assessment of effective control by removing the criterion that requires the seller to have the ability to repurchase or redeem financial assets with substantially the same terms, even in the event of default by the buyer and the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion. The Company will apply the new guidance to repurchase agreements entered into or amended after January 1, 2012. The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or EPS.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.” The primary purpose of the ASU is to conform the language in the fair value measurements guidance in U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The ASU also clarifies how to apply existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements. Further, the ASU requires additional disclosures about transfers between level 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy, quantitative information for level 3 inputs, and the level of the fair value measurement hierarchy for items that are not measured at fair value in the statement of financial position but for which the fair value is required to be disclosed. The ASU is effective for the interim reporting period ending March 31, 2012. The Company has adopted the standard as of January 1, 2012. The adoption did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or EPS.
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income.” The ASU requires presentation of the components of comprehensive income in either a continuous statement of comprehensive income or two separate but consecutive statements. The update does not change the items presented in OCI and does not affect the calculation or reporting of EPS. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassification of Items out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards update No. 2011-05," which deferred the effective date for the amendments to the reclassification of items out of AOCI. The guidance, with the exception of reclassification adjustments, is effective on January 1, 2012 and must be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company has adopted the standard as of January 1, 2012. The adoption did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or EPS.
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” The ASU amends interim and annual goodwill impairment testing requirements. Under the ASU, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The more likely than not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. The guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests beginning January 1, 2012. The Company has adopted the standard as of January 1, 2012 and will apply the new guidance to future goodwill impairment testing, but the Company does not expect the standard to have a substantive impact on its goodwill impairment evaluation.
In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, "Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities." The ASU requires additional disclosures about financial instruments and derivative instruments that are offset or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. The ASU is effective for the interim reporting period ending March 31, 2013 with retrospective disclosure for all comparative periods presented. The Company is evaluating the impact of the ASU; however, it is not expected to materially impact the Company's financial position, results of operations, or EPS.


13

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


NOTE 2 - ACQUISITIONS/DISPOSITIONS
During the three year period ended December 31, 2011, the Company consummated the following acquisitions and dispositions:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Date
 
Cash or other
consideration
(paid)/ received
 
Goodwill
 
Other Intangibles
 
Gain
 
Comments
2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of certain additional assets of CSI Capital Management
 
5/9/2011
 

($19
)
 

$20

 

$7

 

$—

 
Goodwill and intangibles  recorded are tax-deductible.
2010
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disposition of certain money market fund management business
 
various
 
7

 

 
11

 
18

 

2009
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of assets of Martin Kelly Capital Management
 
12/22/2009
 
(2
)
 
1

 
1

 

 
Goodwill and intangibles  recorded are tax-deductible.
Acquisition of certain assets of CSI Capital Management
 
11/30/2009
 
(3
)
 
1

 
2

 

 
Goodwill and intangibles recorded are tax-deductible.
Acquisition of assets of Epic Advisors, Inc.
 
4/1/2009
 
(2
)
 
5

 
1

 

 
Goodwill and intangibles recorded are tax-deductible.

In January 2012, the Company announced the signing of a definitive agreement to acquire substantially all of the assets of an online lender, FirstAgain, LLC. Pending customary regulatory approvals, the Company expects the acquisition to be completed in the second quarter of 2012 and does not expect the impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or EPS to be material.


NOTE 3 - SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER AGREEMENTS TO RESELL
Securities purchased under agreements to resell were $792 million and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These agreements are collateralized by U.S. government or agency securities, and are carried at the amounts at which securities will be subsequently resold. The Company takes possession of all securities under agreements to resell and performs the appropriate margin evaluation on the acquisition date based on market volatility, as necessary. It is the Company's policy to obtain possession of collateral with a fair value between 95% to 110% of the principal amount loaned under resale agreements. The total market value of the collateral held was $806 million and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2011 and 2010, of which $247 million and $165 million was repledged, respectively.




14

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



NOTE 4 - TRADING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
The fair values of the components of trading assets and liabilities at December 31 were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
Trading Assets
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities
 

$144

 

$187

Federal agency securities
 
478

 
361

U.S. states and political subdivisions
 
54

 
123

MBS - agency
 
412

 
301

MBS - private
 
1

 
15

CDO securities
 
45

 
55

ABS
 
37

 
59

Corporate and other debt securities
 
344

 
743

CP
 
229

 
14

Equity securities
 
91

 
221

Derivative contracts 1
 
2,414

 
2,743

Trading loans 2
 
2,030

 
1,353

Total trading assets
 

$6,279

 

$6,175

Trading Liabilities
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities
 

$569

 

$439

Corporate and other debt securities
 
77

 
398

Equity securities
 
37

 

Derivative contracts 1
 
1,123

 
1,841

Total trading liabilities
 

$1,806

 

$2,678


1The current year amount is offset with cash collateral received from or deposited with derivative counterparties when the derivative contracts are subject to ISDA master netting arrangements, due to resolution during the year of certain operational limitations. This presentation is in accordance with applicable accounting standards and applied prospectively.
2Includes loans related to TRS.
See Note 20, “Contingencies,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for information concerning ARS added to trading assets in 2008 as well as the current position in those assets at December 31, 2011.
Trading instruments are used as part of the Company’s overall balance sheet management strategies and through its broker/dealer subsidiary, to support client requirements. The Company manages the potential market volatility associated with the trading instruments, utilized for balance sheet management, with appropriate duration and/or hedging strategies. The size, volume and nature of the trading instruments can vary based on economic and Company specific asset or liability conditions. Product offerings to clients include debt securities, loans traded in the secondary market, equity securities, derivative and foreign exchange contracts, and similar financial instruments. Other trading activities include acting as a market maker in certain debt and equity securities and related derivatives. The Company has policies and procedures to manage market risk associated with these client trading activities and assumes a limited degree of market risk by managing the size and nature of its exposure. The Company has pledged $770 million and $823 million of certain trading assets and cash equivalents to secure $747 million and $793 million of repurchase agreements as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.



15

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



NOTE 5 – SECURITIES AVAILABLE FOR SALE
Securities Portfolio Composition

 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
U.S. Treasury securities

$671

 

$23

 

$—

 

$694

Federal agency securities
1,843

 
89

 

 
1,932

U.S. states and political subdivisions
437

 
21

 
4

 
454

MBS - agency
20,480

 
743

 

 
21,223

MBS - private
252

 

 
31

 
221

CDO/CLO securities
50

 

 

 
50

ABS
460

 
11

 
7

 
464

Corporate and other debt securities
49

 
2

 

 
51

Coke common stock

 
2,099

 

 
2,099

Other equity securities1
928

 
1

 

 
929

Total securities AFS

$25,170

 

$2,989

 

$42

 

$28,117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
U.S. Treasury securities

$5,446

 

$115

 

$45

 

$5,516

Federal agency securities
1,883

 
19

 
7

 
1,895

U.S. states and political subdivisions
565

 
17

 
3

 
579

MBS - agency
14,014

 
372

 
28

 
14,358

MBS - private
378

 
3

 
34

 
347

CDO/CLO securities
50

 

 

 
50

ABS
798

 
15

 
5

 
808

Corporate and other debt securities
464

 
19

 
1

 
482

Coke common stock

 
1,973

 

 
1,973

Other equity securities1
886

 
1

 

 
887

Total securities AFS

$24,484

 

$2,534

 

$123

 

$26,895

1At December 31, 2011, other equity securities included the following securities at cost: $342 million in FHLB of Atlanta stock, $398 million in Federal Reserve Bank stock, and $187 million in mutual fund investments. At December 31, 2010, other equity securities included the following securities at cost: $298 million in FHLB of Atlanta stock, $391 million in Federal Reserve Bank stock, and $197 million in mutual fund investments.

Securities AFS that were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, trusts, and other funds had a fair value of $9.1 billion and $6.9 billion as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Further, under The Agreements, the Company pledged its shares of Coke common stock, which is hedged with derivative instruments, as discussed in Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments.”

16

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The amortized cost and fair value of investments in debt securities at December 31, 2011 by estimated average life are shown below. Actual cash flows may differ from estimated average lives and contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
 
 
Distribution of Maturities
(Dollars in millions)
1 Year
or Less      
 
1-5
Years      
 
5-10
Years      
 
After 10      
Years
 
Total        
Amortized Cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities

$9

 

$212

 

$450

 

$—

 

$671

Federal agency securities
88

 
1,620

 
80

 
55

 
1,843

U.S. states and political subdivisions
135

 
223

 
22

 
57

 
437

MBS - agency
802

 
15,833

 
1,415

 
2,430

 
20,480

MBS - private

 
196

 
56

 

 
252

CDO/CLO securities

 
50

 

 

 
50

ABS
260

 
200

 

 

 
460

Corporate and other debt securities
7

 
4

 
17

 
21

 
49

Total debt securities

$1,301

 

$18,338

 

$2,040

 

$2,563

 

$24,242

Fair Value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities

$9

 

$223

 

$462

 

$—

 

$694

Federal agency securities
89

 
1,697

 
89

 
57

 
1,932

U.S. states and political subdivisions
138

 
239

 
22

 
55

 
454

MBS - agency
840

 
16,434

 
1,478

 
2,471

 
21,223

MBS - private

 
167

 
54

 

 
221

CDO/CLO securities

 
50

 

 

 
50

ABS
266

 
198

 

 

 
464

Corporate and other debt securities
7

 
4

 
19

 
21

 
51

Total debt securities

$1,349

 

$19,012

 

$2,124

 

$2,604

 

$25,089



17

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Securities in an Unrealized Loss Position
The Company held certain investment securities having unrealized loss positions. Market changes in interest rates and credit spreads will result in temporary unrealized losses as the market price of securities fluctuates. As of December 31, 2011, the Company did not intend to sell these securities nor was it more-likely-than-not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before their anticipated recovery or maturity. The Company has reviewed its portfolio for OTTI in accordance with the accounting policies outlined in Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies.”

 
December 31, 2011
 
Less than twelve months
 
Twelve months or longer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized  
Losses
Temporarily impaired securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal agency securities

$10

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$10

 

$—

U.S. states and political subdivisions
1

 

 
28

 
4

 
29

 
4

MBS - agency
224

 

 
1

 

 
225

 

CDO/CLO securities
50

 

 

 

 
50

 

ABS

 

 
11

 
5

 
11

 
5

Total temporarily impaired securities

285

 

 
40

 
9

 
325

 
9

Other-than-temporarily impaired securities:1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS - private
15

 
1

 
206

 
30

 
221

 
31

ABS
1

 

 
3

 
2

 
4

 
2

Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
16

 
1

 
209

 
32

 
225

 
33

Total impaired securities

$301

 

$1

 

$249

 

$41

 

$550

 

$42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2010
 
Less than twelve months
 
Twelve months or longer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Fair
   Value   
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
Temporarily impaired securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities

$2,010

 

$45

 

$—

 

$—

 

$2,010

 

$45

Federal agency securities
1,426

 
7

 

 

 
1,426

 
7

U.S. states and political subdivisions
45

 
1

 
35

 
2

 
80

 
3

MBS - agency
3,497

 
28

 

 

 
3,497

 
28

MBS - private
18

 

 
17

 
3

 
35

 
3

ABS

 

 
14

 
4

 
14

 
4

Corporate and other debt securities

 

 
3

 
1

 
3

 
1

Total temporarily impaired securities
6,996

 
81

 
69

 
10

 
7,065

 
91


Other-than-temporarily impaired securities:1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS - private

 

 
286

 
31

 
286

 
31

ABS
4

 
1

 

 

 
4

 
1

Total other-than-temporarily impaired securities
4

 
1

 
286

 
31

 
290

 
32

Total impaired securities

$7,000

 

$82

 

$355

 

$41

 

$7,355

 

$123

1Includes OTTI securities for which credit losses have been recorded in earnings in current or prior periods.
The Company adopted the updated accounting guidance for determining OTTI on securities on April 1, 2009, and in conjunction therewith, analyzed the securities for which it had previously recognized OTTI and recognized a cumulative effect adjustment, representing the non-credit component of OTTI of $8 million, net of tax. The Company had previously recorded the non-credit component as impairment through earnings; therefore, this amount was reclassified from retained earnings to AOCI.
Unrealized losses on securities that have been in a temporarily impaired position for longer than twelve months include municipal ARS and one ABS collateralized by 1999 vintage home equity loans. The municipal securities are backed by investment grade rated obligors; however, the fair value of these securities continues to be impacted by the lack of a functioning ARS market and

18

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


the extension of time for expected refinance and repayment. No credit loss is expected on these securities. The ABS is also highly-rated, continues to receive timely principal and interest payments, and is evaluated quarterly for credit impairment. Cash flow analysis shows that the underlying collateral can withstand highly stressed loss assumptions without incurring a credit loss.

The portion of unrealized losses on securities that have been other-than-temporarily impaired that relates to factors other than credit are recorded in AOCI. Losses related to credit impairment on these securities is determined through estimated cash flow analyses and have been recorded in earnings in current or prior periods. The unrealized OTTI loss relating to private MBS as of December 31, 2011, includes purchased and retained interests from 2007 vintage securitizations. The unrealized OTTI loss relating to ABS is related to four securities within the portfolio that are 2003 and 2004 vintage home equity issuances. The expectation of cash flows for the previously impaired ABS securities has improved such that the amount of expected credit losses was reduced, and the expected increase in cash flows will be accreted into earnings as a yield adjustment over the remaining life of the securities.

Realized Gains and Losses and Other-than-Temporarily Impaired Securities
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Gross realized gains

$210

 

$210

 

$152

 
Gross realized losses
(87
)
 
(17
)
 
(34
)
 
OTTI
(6
)
 
(2
)
 
(20
)
 
Net securities gains

$117

 

$191

 

$98

 

The securities that gave rise to the $6 million credit impairment recognized during the year ended December 31, 2011 consisted of private MBS with a fair value of $167 million at December 31, 2011. The securities impacted by credit impairment during the year ended December 31, 2010, consisted of private MBS with a fair value of $1 million as of December 31, 2010, and $311 million as of December 31, 2009. Credit impairment that is determined through the use of cash flow models is estimated using cash flows on security specific collateral and the transaction structure. Future expected credit losses are determined by using various assumptions, the most significant of which include current default rates, prepayment rates, and loss severities. For the majority of the securities that the Company has reviewed for credit-related OTTI, credit information is available and modeled at the loan level underlying each security, and the Company also considers information such as loan to collateral values, FICO scores, and geographic considerations such as home price appreciation/depreciation. These inputs are updated on a regular basis to ensure the most current credit and other assumptions are utilized in the analysis. If, based on this analysis, the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, the expected cash flows are then discounted at the security’s initial effective interest rate to arrive at a present value amount. OTTI credit losses reflect the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis of these securities. During the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, all OTTI recognized in earnings on private MBS have underlying collateral of residential mortgage loans securitized in 2007. The majority of the OTTI was taken on private MBS which were originated by the Company and, therefore, have geographic concentrations in the Company’s primary footprint. Additionally, the Company has not purchased new private MBS during the year ended December 31, 2011, and continues to reduce existing exposure primarily through paydowns. 

 
Year Ended December 31
 
Year Ended December 31
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
(Dollars in millions)
MBS - Private
 
MBS - Private
 
MBS - Private
 
Corporate Bonds
OTTI1

$7

 

$2

 

$112

 

$1

Portion of losses recognized in AOCI (before taxes)
1

 

 
93

 

Net impairment (gains)/losses recognized in earnings

$6

 

$2

 

$19

 

$1

1 The initial OTTI amount represents the excess of the amortized cost over the fair value of AFS debt securities. For subsequent impairments of the same security, amount represents additional declines in the fair value subsequent to the previously recorded OTTI, if applicable, until such time the security is no longer in an unrealized loss position.
The Company held stock in the FHLB of Atlanta totaling $342 million and $298 million at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The Company accounts for the stock based on relevant accounting guidance, which requires the investment be carried at cost and be evaluated for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value. The Company evaluated its holdings in FHLB stock at December 31, 2011 and believes its holdings in the stock are ultimately recoverable at par. Additionally, the Company does not have operational or liquidity needs that would require a redemption of the stock in the foreseeable future and therefore determined that the stock was not other-than-temporarily impaired.

19

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



The following is a rollforward of credit losses recognized in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 related to securities for which some portion of the OTTI loss remains in AOCI: 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Balance, as of January 1, 2011

$20

Additions:
 
OTTI credit losses on previously impaired securities
6

Reductions:
 
Increases in expected cash flows recognized over the remaining life of the securities
(1
)
Balance, as of December 31, 2011

$25

 
 
Balance, as of January 1, 2010

$22

Additions/Reductions:1
 
Increases in expected cash flows recognized over the remaining life of the securities
(2
)
Balance, as of December 31, 2010

$20

Balance, as of April 1, 2009, effective date

$8

Additions:
 
 OTTI credit losses on securities not previously impaired
18

Reductions:
 
Credit impaired securities sold, matured, or written off
(4
)
Balance, as of December 31, 2009 2

$22

1During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recognized $2 million of OTTI through earnings on debt securities in which no portion of the OTTI loss was included in OCI at any time during the period. OTTI related to these securities are excluded from this amount.
2During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recognized $2 million of OTTI through earnings on debt securities in which no portion of the OTTI loss was included in OCI at any time during the period. OTTI related to these securities are excluded from this amount.

The following table presents a summary of the significant inputs used in determining the measurement of credit losses recognized in earnings for private MBS for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009:
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
December 31, 2009
Current default rate
4 - 8%
 
2 - 7%
2 - 17%
Prepayment rate
12 - 22%
 
14 - 22%
6 - 21%
Loss severity
39 - 46%
 
37 - 46%
35 - 52%

As noted in the table, during 2010, there was generally an improvement or stabilization in all of the major assumptions used to evaluate the private MBS for credit impairment and there were no material changes in the assumptions used to evaluate the private MBS for credit impairment during 2011. 




20

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


NOTE 6 - LOANS
Composition of Loan Portfolio
The composition of the Company's loan portfolio at December 31 is shown in the following table:
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$49,538

 

$44,753

Commercial real estate
5,094

 
6,167

Commercial construction
1,240

 
2,568

Total commercial loans
55,872

 
53,488

Residential loans:
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - guaranteed
6,672

 
4,520

Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed1
23,243

 
23,959

Home equity products
15,765

 
16,751

Residential construction
980

 
1,291

Total residential loans
46,660

 
46,521

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
Guaranteed student loans
7,199

 
4,260

Other direct
2,059

 
1,722

Indirect
10,165

 
9,499

Credit cards
540

 
485

Total consumer loans
19,963

 
15,966

LHFI

$122,495

 

$115,975

LHFS

$2,353

 

$3,501

1Includes $431 million and $488 million of loans carried at fair value at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had pledged $51.4 billion and $50.2 billion of net eligible loan collateral to support $34.8 billion and $31.2 billion in available borrowing capacity at either the Federal Reserve discount window or the FHLB of Atlanta, respectively. Of the available borrowing capacity, $7.0 billion and $34 million of FHLB advances were outstanding and $1.8 billion and $6.1 billion of undrawn FHLB letters of credit were outstanding as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company transferred $63 million and $213 million, respectively, in LHFS to LHFI. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company transferred $754 million and $346 million, respectively, in LHFI to LHFS. Additionally, during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company sold $725 million and $740 million in loans and leases that had been held for investment at December 31, 2011 and 2010 for gains of $22 million and $6 million, respectively.

Credit Quality Evaluation
The Company evaluates the credit quality of its loan portfolio by employing a dual internal risk rating system, which assigns both PD and LGD ratings to derive expected losses. Assignment of PD and LGD ratings are predicated upon numerous factors, including consumer credit risk scores, rating agency information, borrower/guarantor financial capacity, LTV ratios, collateral type, debt service coverage ratios, collection experience, other internal metrics/analysis and qualitative assessments.
For the commercial portfolio, the Company believes that the most appropriate credit quality indicator is the individual loan’s risk assessment expressed according to regulatory agency classification, Pass or Criticized. The Company's risk rating system is granular, with multiple risk ratings in both the Pass and Criticized categories. Pass ratings reflect relatively low expectations of default. The granularity in Pass ratings assists in the establishment of pricing, loan structures, approval requirements, reserves and ongoing credit management requirements.

21

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Criticized assets have a higher PD. The Company conforms to the following regulatory classifications for Criticized assets: Other Assets Especially Mentioned (or Special Mention), Adversely Classified, Doubtful, and Loss. However, for the purposes of disclosure, management believes the most meaningful distinction within the Criticized categories is between Accruing Criticized (which includes Special Mention and a portion of Adversely Classified) and Non-Performing (which includes a portion of Adversely Classified, Doubtful, and Loss). This distinction identifies those higher risk loans for which there is a basis to believe that the Company will collect all amounts due from those where full collection is less certain.
Risk ratings are refreshed at least annually, or more frequently as appropriate, based upon considerations such as market conditions, loan characteristics and portfolio trends. In addition, management routinely reviews portfolio risk ratings, trends and concentrations to support risk identification and mitigation activities.
For consumer and residential loans, the Company believes that consumer credit risk, as assessed by the FICO scoring method, is a relevant credit quality indicator. FICO scores are obtained at origination as part of the Company’s formal underwriting process, and refreshed FICO scores are obtained by the Company at least quarterly. However, for government guaranteed student loans, the Company monitors the credit quality based primarily on delinquency status, as it is a more relevant indicator of credit quality due to the government guarantee. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, 79% and 77%, respectively, of the guaranteed student loan portfolio was current with respect to payments; however, the loss exposure to the Company was mitigated by the government guarantee.

LHFI by credit quality indicator at December 31 are shown in the tables below:
 
Commercial & industrial
 
Commercial real estate
 
Commercial construction
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Credit rating:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass

$47,683

 

$42,140

 

$3,845

 

$4,316

 

$581

 

$836

Criticized accruing
1,507

 
2,029

 
961

 
1,509

 
369

 
771

Criticized nonaccruing
348

 
584

 
288

 
342

 
290

 
961

Total

$49,538

 

$44,753

 

$5,094

 

$6,167

 

$1,240

 

$2,568

 
Residential mortgages  -
   nonguaranteed 2
 
Home equity products
 
Residential construction
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Current FICO score range:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
700 and above

$16,139

 

$15,920

 

$11,084

 

$11,673

 

$661

 

$828

620 - 699
4,132

 
4,457

 
2,903

 
2,897

 
202

 
258

Below 6201
2,972

 
3,582

 
1,778

 
2,181

 
117

 
205

Total

$23,243

 

$23,959

 

$15,765

 

$16,751

 

$980

 

$1,291

 
Consumer  - other direct 3
 
Consumer - indirect
 
Consumer - credit cards
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Current FICO score range:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
700 and above

$1,251

 

$973

 

$7,397

 

$6,780

 

$347

 

$258

620 - 699
273

 
231

 
1,990

 
1,799

 
142

 
149

Below 6201
86

 
105

 
778

 
920

 
51

 
78

Total

$1,610

 

$1,309

 

$10,165

 

$9,499

 

$540

 

$485


1For substantially all loans with refreshed FICO scores below 620, the borrower’s FICO score at the time of origination exceeded 620 but has since deteriorated as the loan has seasoned.
2Excludes $6.7 billion and $4.5 billion at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, of guaranteed residential loans. At both December 31, 2011 and 2010, the majority of these loans had FICO scores of 700 and above.
3Excludes $449 million and $413 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, of private-label student loans with third party insurance. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the majority of these loans had FICO scores of 700 and above.


22

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The payment status for the LHFI portfolio as of December 31 is shown in the tables below:
 
2011
(Dollars in millions)
Accruing
Current
 
Accruing
30-89 Days
Past Due
 
Accruing
90+ Days
Past Due
 
  Nonaccruing2   
 
Total
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$49,098

 

$80

 

$12

 

$348

 

$49,538

Commercial real estate
4,797

 
9

 

 
288

 
5,094

Commercial construction
943

 
7

 

 
290

 
1,240

Total commercial loans
54,838

 
96

 
12

 
926

 
55,872

Residential loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - guaranteed
5,394

 
176

 
1,102

 

 
6,672

Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed1
21,501

 
324

 
26

 
1,392

 
23,243

Home equity products
15,223

 
204

 

 
338

 
15,765

Residential construction
737

 
22

 
1

 
220

 
980

Total residential loans
42,855

 
726

 
1,129

 
1,950

 
46,660

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranteed student loans
5,690

 
640

 
869

 

 
7,199

Other direct
2,032

 
14

 
6

 
7

 
2,059

Indirect
10,074

 
66

 
5

 
20

 
10,165

Credit cards
526

 
7

 
7

 

 
540

Total consumer loans
18,322

 
727

 
887

 
27

 
19,963

Total LHFI

$116,015

 

$1,549

 

$2,028

 

$2,903

 

$122,495

1Includes $431 million of loans carried at fair value.
2Total nonaccruing loans past due 90 days or more totaled $2.3 billion. Nonaccruing loans past due fewer than 90 days include modified nonaccrual loans reported as TDRs.
 
 
2010
(Dollars in millions)
Accruing
Current
 
Accruing
30-89 Days
Past Due
 
Accruing
90+ Days
Past Due
 
  Nonaccruing2   
 
Total
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$44,046

 

$111

 

$12

 

$584

 

$44,753

Commercial real estate
5,794

 
27

 
4

 
342

 
6,167

Commercial construction
1,595

 
11

 
1

 
961

 
2,568

Total commercial loans
51,435

 
149

 
17

 
1,887

 
53,488

Residential loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - guaranteed
3,469

 
167

 
884

 

 
4,520

Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed1
21,916

 
456

 
44

 
1,543

 
23,959

Home equity products
16,162

 
234

 

 
355

 
16,751

Residential construction
953

 
42

 
6

 
290

 
1,291

Total residential loans
42,500

 
899

 
934

 
2,188

 
46,521

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranteed student loans
3,281

 
383

 
596

 

 
4,260

Other direct
1,692

 
15

 
5

 
10

 
1,722

Indirect
9,400

 
74

 

 
25

 
9,499

Credit cards
460

 
12

 
13

 

 
485

Total consumer loans
14,833

 
484

 
614

 
35

 
15,966

Total LHFI

$108,768

 

$1,532

 

$1,565

 

$4,110

 

$115,975

1Includes $488 million of loans carried at fair value.
2Total nonaccruing loans past due 90 days or more totaled $3.3 billion. Nonaccruing loans past due fewer than 90 days include modified nonaccrual loans reported as TDRs.


23

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. Commercial nonaccrual loans greater than $4 million and certain consumer, residential, and commercial loans whose terms have been modified in a TDR are individually evaluated for impairment. Smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are not included in the following tables. Additionally, the tables below exclude guaranteed student loans and guaranteed residential mortgages for which there was nominal risk of principal loss.
 
As of December 31, 2011
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Unpaid
Principal  
Balance
 
Amortized  
Cost1
 
Related
Allowance  
 
Average
Amortized  
Cost
 
Interest
Income
Recognized2  
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$93

 

$73

 

$—

 

$109

 

$3

Commercial real estate
58

 
50

 

 
56

 
1

Commercial construction
45

 
40

 

 
47

 
1

Total commercial loans
196

 
163

 

 
212

 
5

Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial
76

 
67

 
9

 
68

 
1

Commercial real estate
111

 
82

 
15

 
103

 
2

Commercial construction
132

 
100

 
10

 
121

 
2

Total commercial loans
319

 
249

 
34

 
292

 
5

Residential loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed
2,797

 
2,405

 
293

 
2,451

 
88

Home equity products
553

 
515

 
86

 
528

 
23

Residential construction
246

 
221

 
26

 
229

 
8

Total residential loans
3,596

 
3,141

 
405

 
3,208

 
119

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other direct
12

 
12

 
1

 
13

 
1

Credit cards
27

 
27

 
8

 
26

 
2

Total consumer loans
39

 
39

 
9

 
39

 
3

Total impaired loans

$4,150

 

$3,592

 

$448

 

$3,751

 

$132

1Amortized cost reflects charge-offs that have been recognized plus other amounts that have been applied to reduce the net book balance.
2Of the interest income recognized for the year ended December 31, 2011, cash basis interest income was $25 million.

24

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)
Unpaid
Principal    
Balance
 
Amortized    
Cost1
 
Related
Allowance    
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$86

 

$67

 

$—

Commercial real estate
110

 
86

 

Commercial construction
67

 
52

 

Total commercial loans
263

 
205

 

Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial
123

 
96

 
18

Commercial real estate
103

 
81

 
19

Commercial construction
673

 
524

 
138

Total commercial loans
899

 
701

 
175

Residential loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed
2,785

 
2,467

 
309

Home equity products
503

 
503

 
93

Residential construction
226

 
196

 
26

Total residential loans
3,514

 
3,166

 
428

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Other direct
11

 
11

 
2

Total impaired loans

$4,687

 

$4,083

 

$605

1Amortized cost reflects charge-offs that have been recognized plus other amounts that have been applied to reduce net book balance.

Included in the impaired loan balances above were $2.6 billion and $2.5 billion of accruing TDRs at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, of which 93% and 85% were current, respectively. See Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies,” for further information regarding the Company’s loan impairment policy.

Nonperforming assets at December 31 are shown in the following table: 
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
Nonaccrual/NPLs:
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial

$348

 

$584

Commercial real estate
288

 
342

Commercial construction
290

 
961

Residential loans:
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed
1,392

 
1,543

Home equity products
338

 
355

Residential construction
220

 
290

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
Other direct
7

 
10

Indirect
20

 
25

Total nonaccrual/NPLs
2,903

 
4,110

OREO1
479

 
596

Other repossessed assets
10

 
52

Total nonperforming assets

$3,392

 

$4,758


1Does not include foreclosed real estate related to loans insured by the FHA or the VA. Proceeds due from the FHA and the VA are recorded as a receivable in other assets until the funds are received and the property is conveyed. The receivable amount related to proceeds due from the FHA or the VA totaled $132 million and $195 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

25

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Restructured Loans
TDRs are loans in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. When loans are modified under the terms of a TDR, the Company typically offers the borrower an extension of the loan maturity date and/or a reduction in the original contractual interest rate. In certain limited situations, the Company may offer to restructure a commercial loan in a manner that ultimately results in the forgiveness of contractually specified principal balances.

As a result of adopting newly issued accounting guidance during 2011 that clarifies a creditor's determination of whether a restructuring is a TDR, the Company reassessed all loan restructurings that occurred between January 1, 2011 and June 30, 2011 for identification as TDRs. The reassessment resulted in the identification of $93 million of additional TDRs as of the adoption date of July 1, 2011. During the third quarter, these loans were evaluated for impairment and an incremental allowance of $4 million was recognized.
At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had $5 million and $15 million, respectively, in commitments to lend additional funds to debtors owing receivables whose terms have been modified in a TDR.
The number and amortized cost of loans modified under the terms of a TDR during the year ended December 31, 2011, by type of modification, are shown in the following tables:
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Number of Loans Modified
 
Principal Forgiveness1
 
Rate Modification2
 
Term Extension and/or Other Concessions
 
Total
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial
466
 

$26

 

$28

 

$47

 

$101

Commercial real estate
40
 
35

 
25

 
14

 
74

Commercial construction
49
 
20

 
8

 
77

 
105

Residential loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential mortgages - nonguaranteed
1,018
 

 
238

 
26

 
264

Home equity products
1,701
 

 
130

 
6

 
136

Residential construction
421
 

 
16

 
46

 
62

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other direct
80
 

 

 
4

 
4

Credit cards
2,336
 

 
13

 

 
13

Total TDRs
6,111
 

$81

 

$458

 

$220

 

$759

1Restructured loans which had forgiveness of amounts contractually due under the terms of the loan typically have had multiple concessions including rate modifications and/or term extensions. The total amount of charge-offs associated with principal forgiveness for the Commercial segment during the year ended December 31, 2011 was $14 million, substantially all of which related to Commercial construction. There was no principal forgiveness for Residential or Consumer loans during the year ended December 31, 2011.
2Restructured loans which had a modification of the loan's contractual interest rate may also have had an extension of the loan's contractual maturity date and/or other concessions. The financial effect of modifying the interest rate on the loans modified as a TDR was immaterial to the financial statements during the year ended December 31, 2011.




26

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The preceding table represents loans modified under the terms of a TDR during the year ended December 31, 2011, whereas the following table represents loans modified as a TDR over a longer time period between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2011 that became 90 days or more delinquent during the year ended December 31, 2011.
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Number of Loans
 
Amortized Cost
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
Commercial & industrial
51
 

$10

Commercial real estate
10
 
17

Commercial construction
23
 
15

Residential loans:
 
 
 
Residential mortgages
271
 
75

Home equity products
127
 
13

Residential construction
25
 
3

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
Other direct
2
 

Credit cards
377
 
3

Total TDRs
886
 

$136


The majority of loans that were modified and subsequently became 90 days or more delinquent have remained on nonaccrual status since the time of modification.

Concentrations of Credit Risk
The Company does not have a significant concentration of risk to any individual client except for the U.S. government and its agencies. However, a geographic concentration arises because the Company operates primarily in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. The Company engages in limited international banking activities. The Company’s total cross-border outstanding loans were $630 million and $446 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The major concentrations of credit risk for the Company arise by collateral type in relation to loans and credit commitments. The only significant concentration that exists is in loans secured by residential real estate. At December 31, 2011, the Company owned $46.7 billion in residential loans, representing 38% of total LHFI, and had $12.7 billion in commitments to extend credit on home equity lines and $7.8 billion in mortgage loan commitments. Of the residential loans owned at December 31, 2011, 14% were guaranteed by a federal agency or a GSE. At December 31, 2010, the Company owned $46.5 billion in residential real estate loans, representing 40% of total LHFI, and had $13.6 billion in commitments to extend credit on home equity lines and $9.2 billion in mortgage loan commitments. Of the residential loans owned at December 31, 2010, 10% were guaranteed by a federal agency or a GSE.
Included in the residential mortgage portfolio were $14.7 billion and $16.1 billion of mortgage loans at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, that included terms such as an interest only feature, a high LTV ratio, or a junior lien position that may increase the Company’s exposure to credit risk and result in a concentration of credit risk. Of these mortgage loans, $9.4 billion and $11.0 billion were interest only loans, primarily with a ten year interest only period. Approximately $1.9 billion of those interest only loans as of December 31, 2011 and $2.2 billion as of December 31, 2010, were loans with no mortgage insurance and were either first liens with combined original LTV ratios in excess of 80% or were junior liens. Additionally, the Company owned approximately $5.3 billion and $5.0 billion of amortizing loans with no mortgage insurance as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, comprised of first liens with combined original LTV ratios in excess of 80% and junior liens. Despite changes in underwriting guidelines that have curtailed the origination of high LTV loans, the balances of such loans with no mortgage insurance have increased as the benefits of mortgage insurance covering certain junior lien mortgage loans have been exhausted, resulting in the loans effectively no longer being insured.



27

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


NOTE 7 - ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The allowance for credit losses consists of the ALLL and the reserve for unfunded commitments. Activity in the allowance for credit losses at December 31 is summarized in the table below:
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Balance at beginning of period

$3,032

 

$3,235

 

$2,379

Allowance recorded upon VIE consolidation

 
1

 

Provision for loan losses
1,523

 
2,708

 
4,007

(Benefit)/provision for unfunded commitments1
(10
)
 
(57
)
 
87

Loan charge-offs
(2,241
)
 
(3,018
)
 
(3,398
)
Loan recoveries
201

 
163

 
160

Balance at end of period

$2,505

 

$3,032

 

$3,235

Components:
 
 
 
 
 
ALLL

$2,457

 

$2,974

 

$3,120

Unfunded commitments reserve2
48

 
58

 
115

Allowance for credit losses

$2,505

 

$3,032

 

$3,235

1 Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company recognized the (benefit)/provision for unfunded commitments within the provision for credit losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Considering the immateriality of this provision prior to the fourth quarter of 2009, the (benefit)/provision for unfunded commitments remains classified within other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
2 The unfunded commitments reserve is separately recognized in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Activity in the ALLL by segment at December 31 is presented in the tables below:
 
2011
(Dollars in millions)
Commercial    
 
Residential    
 
Consumer    
 
Total        
Balance at beginning of period

$1,303

 

$1,498

 

$173

 

$2,974

Provision for loan losses
324

 
1,113

 
86

 
1,523

Loan charge-offs
(803
)
 
(1,275
)
 
(163
)
 
(2,241
)
Loan recoveries
140

 
18

 
43

 
201

Balance at end of period

$964

 

$1,354

 

$139

 

$2,457

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2010
(Dollars in millions)
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total        
Balance at beginning of period

$1,353

 

$1,592

 

$175

 

$3,120

Allowance recorded upon VIE consolidation

 

 
1

 
1

Provision for loan losses
938

 
1,622

 
148

 
2,708

Loan charge-offs
(1,087
)
 
(1,736
)
 
(195
)
 
(3,018
)
Loan recoveries
99

 
20

 
44

 
163

Balance at end of period

$1,303

 

$1,498

 

$173

 

$2,974



As further discussed in Note 1, “Significant Accounting Policies,” the ALLL is composed of both specific allowances for certain nonaccrual loans and TDRs, and general allowances grouped into loan pools based on similar characteristics. No allowance is required for loans carried at fair value. Additionally, the Company does not record an allowance for loan products that are guaranteed by government agencies, as there is nominal risk of principal loss.

28

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The Company’s LHFI portfolio and related ALLL at December 31 is shown in the tables below:
 
2011
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Carrying
Value         
 
Associated
ALLL         
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
Individually evaluated

$412

 

$34

 

$3,141

 

$405

 

$39

 

$9

 

$3,592

 

$448

Collectively evaluated
55,458

 
930

 
43,088

 
949

 
19,924

 
130

 
118,470

 
2,009

Total evaluated
55,870

 
964

 
46,229

 
1,354

 
19,963

 
139

 
122,062

 
2,457

LHFI at fair value
2

 

 
431

 

 

 

 
433

 

Total LHFI

$55,872

 

$964

 

$46,660

 

$1,354

 

$19,963

 

$139

 

$122,495

 

$2,457

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2010
 
Commercial
 
Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Carrying
Value         
 
Associated
ALLL         
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
 
Carrying
Value      
 
Associated
ALLL      
Individually evaluated

$906

 

$175

 

$3,166

 

$428

 

$11

 

$2

 

$4,083

 

$605

Collectively evaluated
52,578

 
1,128

 
42,867

 
1,070

 
15,955

 
171

 
111,400

 
2,369

Total evaluated
53,484

 
1,303

 
46,033

 
1,498

 
15,966

 
173

 
115,483

 
2,974

LHFI at fair value
4

 

 
488

 

 

 

 
492

 

Total LHFI

$53,488

 

$1,303

 

$46,521

 

$1,498

 

$15,966

 

$173

 

$115,975

 

$2,974




NOTE 8 - PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
Premises and equipment as of December 31 consisted of the following:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Useful Life
 
2011
 
2010
Land
 
Indefinite
 

$358

 

$353

Buildings and improvements
 
2 - 40 years
 
1,033

 
1,008

Leasehold improvements
 
1 - 30 years
 
580

 
577

Furniture and equipment
 
1 - 20 years
 
1,322

 
1,385

Construction in progress
 
 
 
105

 
168

 
 
 
 
3,398

 
3,491

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
 
 
1,834

 
1,871

Total premises and equipment
 
 
 

$1,564

 

$1,620

The carrying amounts of premises and equipment subject to mortgage indebtedness (included in long-term debt) were immaterial as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.
Various Company facilities are leased under both capital and noncancelable operating leases with initial remaining terms in excess of one year. Minimum payments, by year and in aggregate, as of December 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Operating
Leases
 
Capital
Leases
2012
 

$214

 

$2

2013
 
205

 
2

2014
 
194

 
2

2015
 
177

 
2

2016
 
169

 
2

Thereafter
 
509

 
6

Total minimum lease payments
 

$1,468

 
16

Amounts representing interest
 
 
 
4

Present value of net minimum lease payments
 
 
 

$12

Net premises and equipment included $7 million related to capital leases as of both December 31, 2011 and 2010. Aggregate rent expense (principally for offices), including contingent rent expense and sublease income, totaled $184 million, $179 million, and $171 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. Depreciation/amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 totaled $181 million, $177 million, and $182 million, respectively.


NOTE 9 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill
Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment on an annual basis or as events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount or indicate that it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit is zero or negative. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company's reporting units with goodwill balances were Branch Banking, Diversified Commercial Banking, CIB, and W&IM. Based on our annual impairment analysis of goodwill as of September 30, 2011, we determined there is no goodwill impairment as the fair value for all reporting units is in excess of the respective reporting unit's carrying value by the following percentages:
Branch Banking            12%        
Diversified Commercial Banking    27%
CIB                36%
W&IM                150%

The Company monitored events and circumstances during the fourth quarter of 2011, and it determined that there is no goodwill impairment as of December 31, 2011. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the year ended December 31 are as follows:
(Dollars in millions)
Retail &
Commercial
 
Retail
Banking
 
Diversified
Commercial
Banking
 
CIB
 
W&IM
 
Total
Balance, January 1, 2011

$—

 

$4,854

 

$928

 

$180

 

$361

 

$6,323

Contingent consideration

 

 

 

 
1

 
1

Acquisition of certain additional assets of CSI Capital Management

 

 

 

 
20

 
20

Balance, December 31, 2011

$—

 

$4,854

 

$928

 

$180

 

$382

 

$6,344

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, January 1, 2010

$5,739

 

$—

 

$—

 

$223

 

$357

 

$6,319

Intersegment transfers
(5,739
)
 
4,854

 
928

 
(43
)
 

 

Contingent consideration

 

 

 

 
4

 
4

Balance, December 31, 2010

$—

 

$4,854

 

$928

 

$180

 

$361

 

$6,323

Other Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets for the year ended December 31 are as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
Core Deposit  
Intangibles
 
MSRs -
LOCOM
 
MSRs -
Fair Value
 
Other
 
Total
Balance, January 1, 2011

$67

 

$—

 

$1,439

 

$65

 

$1,571

Amortization
(29
)
 

 

 
(14
)
 
(43
)
MSRs originated

 

 
224

 

 
224

Changes in fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Due to changes in inputs and assumptions 1

 

 
(533
)
 

 
(533
)
Other changes in fair value 2

 

 
(200
)
 

 
(200
)
Sale of MSRs

 

 
(9
)
 

 
(9
)
Other

 

 

 
7

 
7

Balance, December 31, 2011

$38

 

$—

 

$921

 

$58

 

$1,017

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, January 1, 2010

$104

 

$604

 

$936

 

$67

 

$1,711

Designated at fair value (transfers from amortized cost)

 
(604
)
 
604

 

 

Amortization
(37
)
 

 

 
(13
)
 
(50
)
MSRs originated

 

 
289

 

 
289

Changes in fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Due to fair value election

 

 
145

 

 
145

Due to changes in inputs and assumptions 1

 

 
(275
)
 

 
(275
)
Other changes in fair value 2

 

 
(238
)
 

 
(238
)
Sale of MSRs

 

 
(22
)
 

 
(22
)
Other

 

 

 
11

 
11

Balance, December 31, 2010

$67

 

$—

 

$1,439

 

$65

 

$1,571

1 Primarily reflects changes in discount rates and prepayment speed assumptions, due to changes in interest rates.
2 Represents changes due to the collection of expected cash flows, net of accretion, due to the passage of time.

The estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets is as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Core Deposit
Intangibles
 
Other
 
Total
2012
 

$21

 

$13

 

$34

2013
 
13

 
11

 
24

2014
 
4

 
9

 
13

2015
 

 
8

 
8

2016
 

 
5

 
5

Thereafter
 

 
12

 
12

Total
 

$38

 

$58

 

$96


Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Company retains MSRs from certain of its sales or securitizations of residential mortgage loans. MSRs on residential mortgage loans are the only servicing assets capitalized by the Company and are classified within intangible assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Income earned by the Company on its MSRs is derived primarily from contractually specified mortgage servicing fees and late fees, net of curtailment costs. Such income earned for the year ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $364 million, $399 million, and $354 million, respectively. These amounts are reported in mortgage servicing related income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
As of December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, the total unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced was $157.8 billion, $167.2 billion, and $178.9 billion, respectively. Included in these amounts were $124.1 billion, $134.1 billion, and $146.7 billion as of December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, of loans serviced for third parties. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company sold MSRs on residential loans with an unpaid principal balance of $2.3 billion. Because MSRs are reported at fair value, the sale did not have a material impact on mortgage servicing related income.
A summary of the key characteristics, inputs, and economic assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s MSRs as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the sensitivity of the fair values to immediate 10% and 20% adverse changes in those assumptions are shown in the table below. Approximately 80% of the decrease in fair value during the year ended December 31, 2011 was driven by an assumed increase in prepayment speeds as a result of lower interest rates. Additionally, the balance of loans serviced for others declined 7% during 2011.
 
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
Fair value of retained MSRs

$921

 

$1,439

Prepayment rate assumption (annual)
20
%
 
12
%
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change

$52

 

$50

Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change
98

 
95

Discount rate (annual)
11
%
 
12
%
Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change

$33

 

$68

Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change
63

 
130

Weighted-average life (in years)
4.3

 
6.2

Weighted-average coupon
5.2
%
 
5.4
%

The above sensitivities are hypothetical and should be used with caution. As the amounts indicate, changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, in this table, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the retained interest is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities. Additionally, the sensitivities above do not include the effect of hedging activity undertaken by the Company to offset changes in the fair value of MSRs. See Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for further information regarding these hedging transactions.


NOTE 10 - OTHER SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
Other short-term borrowings as of December 31 include:
 
  
 
2011
 
2010
(Dollars in millions)
 
Balance
 
Rates
 
Balance
 
Rates
FHLB advances
 

$7,000

 
.14
%
 

$—

 
%
Master notes
 
1,710

 
.40

 
1,355

 
.40

Dealer collateral
 
265

 
various

 
1,005

 
various 

U.S. Treasury demand notes
 

 

 
124

 

CP
 

 

 
99

 
.51

Funds purchased maturing in over one day
 

 

 
75

 
.35

Other
 
8

 
2.7

 
32

 
various 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other short-term borrowings
 

$8,983

 
 
 

$2,690

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The average balances of other short-term borrowings for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $3.5 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively, while the maximum amounts outstanding at any month-end during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $9.0 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had collateral pledged to the Federal Reserve discount window to support $19.5 billion of available, unused borrowing capacity.


NOTE 11 - CERTAIN TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and related Variable Interest Entities
The Company has transferred residential and commercial mortgage loans, student loans, commercial and corporate loans, and CDO securities in sale or securitization transactions in which the Company has, or had, continuing involvement. All such transfers have been accounted for as sales by the Company. The Company’s continuing involvement in such transfers includes owning certain beneficial interests, including senior and subordinate debt instruments as well as equity interests, servicing or collateral manager responsibilities, and guarantee or recourse arrangements. Except as specifically noted herein, the Company is not required to provide additional financial support to any of the entities to which the Company has transferred financial assets, nor has the Company provided any support it was not otherwise obligated to provide. In accordance with the accounting guidance related to transfers of financial assets that became effective on January 1, 2010, upon completion of transfers of assets that satisfy the conditions to be reported as a sale, the Company derecognizes the transferred assets and recognizes at fair value any beneficial interests in the transferred financial assets such as trading assets or securities AFS as well as servicing rights retained and guarantee liabilities incurred. See Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement,” for further discussion of the Company’s fair value methodologies.
When evaluating transfers and other transactions with VIEs for consolidation, the Company first determines if it has a VI in the VIE. A VI is typically in the form of securities representing retained interests in the transferred assets and, at times, servicing rights and collateral manager fees. If the Company has a VI in the entity, it then evaluates whether or not it has both (1) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE to determine if the Company should consolidate the VIE.
Below is a summary of transfers of financial assets to VIEs for which the Company has retained some level of continuing involvement.
Residential Mortgage Loans
The Company typically transfers first lien residential mortgage loans in conjunction with Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac securitization transactions whereby the loans are exchanged for cash or securities that are readily redeemed for cash proceeds and servicing rights. The securities issued through these transactions are guaranteed by the issuer and, as such, under seller/servicer agreements the Company is required to service the loans in accordance with the issuers’ servicing guidelines and standards. The Company sold residential mortgage loans to these entities, which resulted in pre-tax gains of $397 million, $588 million, and $707 million, including servicing rights for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. These gains are included within mortgage production related (loss)/income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). These gains include the change in value of the loans as a result of changes in interest rates from the time the related IRLCs were issued to the borrowers but do not include the results of hedging activities initiated by the Company to mitigate this market risk. See Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for further discussion of the Company’s hedging activities. As seller, the Company has made certain representations and warranties with respect to the originally transferred loans, including those transferred under Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac programs, which are discussed in Note 18, “Reinsurance Arrangements and Guarantees.”
In a limited number of securitizations, the Company has transferred loans to trusts, which previously qualified as QSPEs, sponsored by the Company. These trusts issue securities which are ultimately supported by the loans in the underlying trusts. In these transactions, the Company has received securities representing retained interests in the transferred loans in addition to cash and servicing rights in exchange for the transferred loans. The received securities are carried at fair value as either trading assets or securities AFS. As of December 31, 2011, the fair value of securities received totaled $104 million and were valued using a third party pricing service. As of December 31, 2010, the fair value of securities received was $193 million. At December 31, 2010, securities with a fair value of $175 million were valued using a third party pricing service. The remaining $18 million in securities consisted of subordinate interests from a 2003 securitization of prime fixed and floating rate loans and were valued using a discounted cash flow model that uses historically derived prepayment rates and credit loss assumptions along with estimates of current market discount rates. During the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company exercised its clean up call rights from the 2003 securitization and repurchased the remaining residential mortgage loans. The exercise of the clean up call was not material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
The Company evaluated these securitization transactions for consolidation under the VIE consolidation guidance. As servicer of the underlying loans, the Company is generally deemed to have power over the securitization. However, if a single party, such as the issuer or the master servicer, effectively controls the servicing activities or has the unilateral ability to terminate the Company as servicer without cause, then that party is deemed to have power. In almost all of its securitization transactions, the Company does not have power over the VIE as a result of these rights held by the master servicer. In certain transactions, the Company does have power as the servicer; however, the Company does not also have an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the securitization. The absorption of losses and the receipt of benefits would generally manifest itself through the retention of senior or subordinated interests. No events occurred during the year ended December 31, 2011 that would change the Company’s previous conclusion that it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these securitization entities. Total assets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 of the unconsolidated trusts in which the Company has a VI are $529 million and $651 million, respectively.
The Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to the unconsolidated VIEs in which it holds a VI is comprised of the loss of value of any interests it retains and any repurchase obligations it incurs as a result of a breach of its representations and warranties.
Commercial and Corporate Loans
In 2007, the Company completed a $1.9 billion structured sale of corporate loans to multi-seller CP conduits, which are VIEs administered by unrelated third parties. From the sale, the Company retained a 3% residual interest in the pool of loans transferred, which does not constitute a VI in the third party conduits as it relates to the unparticipated portion of the loans. In conjunction with the transfer of the loans, the Company also provided commitments in the form of liquidity facilities to these conduits. In January 2010, the administrator of the conduits drew on these commitments in full, resulting in a funded loan to the conduits that was recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2010, the market value of the residual interest was $13 million. During the first quarter of 2011, the Company exercised its clean up call rights on the structured participation and repurchased the remaining corporate loans. In conjunction with the clean up call, the outstanding amount of the liquidity facilities and the residual interest were paid off. The exercise of the clean up call was not material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
The Company has involvement with CLO entities that own commercial leveraged loans and bonds, certain of which were transferred by the Company to the CLOs. In addition to retaining certain securities issued by the CLOs, the Company also acts as collateral manager for these CLOs. The securities retained by the Company and the fees received as collateral manager represent a VI in the CLOs, which are considered to be VIEs.
In accordance with the VIE consolidation guidance beginning January 1, 2010, the Company determined that it was the primary beneficiary of, and thus, would consolidate one of these CLOs as it has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the CLO. In addition to fees received as collateral manager, including eligibility for performance incentive fees, and owning certain preference shares, the Company’s multi-seller conduit, Three Pillars, owns a senior interest in the CLO, resulting in economics that could potentially be significant to the VIE. On January 1, 2010, the Company consolidated $307 million in total assets and $279 million in net liabilities of the CLO entity. The Company elected to consolidate the CLO at fair value and to carry the financial assets and financial liabilities of the CLO at fair value subsequent to adoption. The initial consolidation of the CLO did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity. Substantially all of the assets and liabilities of the CLO are loans and issued debt, respectively. The loans are classified within LHFS at fair value and the debt is included within long-term debt at fair value on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement,” for a discussion of the Company’s methodologies for estimating the fair values of these financial instruments). At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets reflected $315 million and $316 million, respectively, of loans held by the CLO and $289 million and $290 million, respectively, of debt issued by the CLO. The Company is not obligated, contractually or otherwise, to provide financial support to this VIE nor has it previously provided support to this VIE. Further, creditors of the VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the Company, as the liabilities of the CLO are paid only to the extent of available cash flows from the CLO’s assets.
For the remaining CLOs, which are also considered to be VIEs, the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary as it does not have an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entities that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company was able to liquidate a number of its positions in these CLO preference shares during 2010. Its remaining preference share exposure was valued at $2 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. Upon liquidation of the preference shares, the Company’s only remaining involvement with these VIEs was through its collateral manager role. The Company receives fees for managing the assets of these vehicles; these fees are considered adequate compensation and are commensurate with the level of effort required to provide such services. The fees received by the Company from these entities are recorded as trust and investment management income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss). Senior fees earned by the Company are generally not considered at risk; however, subordinate fees earned by the Company are subject to the availability of cash flows and to the priority of payments. The estimated assets and liabilities of these entities that were not included on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets were $2.0 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2011, and $2.1 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2010. The Company is not obligated to provide any support to these entities, nor has it previously provided support to these entities. No events occurred during the year ended December 31, 2011 that would change the Company’s previous conclusion that it is not the primary beneficiary of any of these securitization entities.
Student Loans
In 2006, the Company completed a securitization of government-guaranteed student loans through a transfer of loans to a securitization SPE, which previously qualified as a QSPE, and retained the related residual interest in the SPE. The Company, as master servicer of the loans in the SPE, has agreed to service each loan consistent with the guidelines determined by the applicable government agencies in order to maintain the government guarantee. The Company and the SPE have entered into an agreement to have the loans subserviced by an unrelated third party.
The Company concluded that this securitization of government-guaranteed student loans (the “Student Loan entity”) should be consolidated as it has both power over the entity through its role as master servicer and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits through the retention of the residual interest. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the Student Loan entity at its unpaid principal amount as of September 30, 2010, resulting in incremental total assets and total liabilities of approximately $490 million and an immaterial impact on shareholders’ equity. The consolidation of the Student Loan entity had no impact on the Company’s earnings or cash flows that results from its involvement with this VIE. The primary balance sheet impacts from consolidating the Student Loan entity were increases in LHFI, the related ALLL, and long-term debt. Additionally, the Company’s ownership of the residual interest in the SPE, previously classified in trading assets, was eliminated upon consolidation and the assets and liabilities of the Student Loan entity are recorded on a cost basis. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets reflected $438 million and $479 million, respectively, of assets held by the Student Loan entity and $433 million and $474 million, respectively, of debt issued by the Student Loan entity.
Payments from the assets in the SPE must first be used to settle the obligations of the SPE, with any remaining payments remitted to the Company as the owner of the residual interest. To the extent that losses occur on the SPE’s assets, the SPE has recourse to the federal government as the guarantor up to a maximum guarantee amount of 97%. Losses in excess of the government guarantee reduce the amount of available cash payable to the Company as the owner of the residual interest. To the extent that losses result from a breach of the master servicer’s servicing responsibilities, the SPE has recourse to the Company; the SPE may require the Company to repurchase the loan from the SPE at par value. If the breach was caused by the subservicer, the Company has recourse to seek reimbursement from the subservicer up to the guaranteed amount. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to the SPE is represented by the potential losses resulting from a breach of servicing responsibilities. To date, all loss claims filed with the guarantor that have been denied due to servicing errors have either been cured or reimbursement has been provided to the Company by the subservicer. The Company is not obligated to provide any noncontractual support to this entity, and it has not provided any such support.
CDO Securities
The Company has transferred bank trust preferred securities in securitization transactions. The majority of these transfers occurred between 2002 and 2005 with one transaction completed in 2007. The Company retained equity interests in certain of these entities and also holds certain senior interests that were acquired during 2008 and 2011 in conjunction with its acquisition of assets from the ARS transactions discussed in Note 20, “Contingencies.” The Company is not obligated to provide any support to these entities and its maximum exposure to loss at December 31, 2011 and 2010 includes current senior interests held in trading securities, which had a fair value of $43 million as of December 31, 2011 and $29 million as of December 31, 2010.
The assumptions and inputs considered by the Company in valuing this retained interest include prepayment speeds, credit losses, and the discount rate. While all the underlying collateral is currently eligible for repayment by the obligor, given the nature of the collateral and the current repricing environment, the Company assumed no prepayment would occur before the final maturity, which is approximately 22 years on a weighted average basis. Due to the seniority of the interests in the structure, current estimates of credit losses in the underlying collateral could withstand a 20% adverse change in the default assumption without the securities incurring a valuation loss assuming all other assumptions remain constant. Therefore, the key assumption in valuing these securities was the assumed discount rate, which was estimated to range from 8% to 12% over LIBOR at December 31, 2011 compared to 14% to 16% over LIBOR at December 31, 2010. This significant change in the discount rate was supported by a return to liquidity in the market for similar interests. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, a 20% adverse change in the assumed discount rate results in declines of approximately $8 million and $5 million, respectively, in the fair value of these securities. Although the impact of each assumption change in isolation is minimal, the underlying collateral of the VIEs is highly concentrated and as a result, the default or deferral of certain large exposures may have a more dramatic effect on the discount rate than the 20% discussed above. Due to this, we estimate that if each of the retained positions experienced two additional large deferrals or default of an underlying collateral obligation, the fair value of the retained ARS would decline approximately $14 million.
The total assets of the trust preferred CDO entities in which the Company has remaining exposure to loss was $1.2 billion at December 31, 2011 and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2010. The Company determined that it was not the primary beneficiary of any of these VIEs as the Company lacks the power to direct the significant activities of any of the VIEs. No events occurred during the year ended December 31, 2011 that changed either the Company’s sale accounting or the Company’s conclusions that it is not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs.
The following tables present certain information related to the Company’s asset transfers in which it has continuing economic involvement for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009:
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans
 
Commercial
and Corporate
Loans
 
Student
Loans
 
CDO
Securities
 
Total 
Cash flows on interests held

$48

 

$1

 

$—

 

$2

 

$51

Servicing or management fees
3

 
10

 

 

 
13

 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans
 
Commercial
and Corporate
Loans
 
Student
Loans
 
CDO
Securities
 
Total 
Cash flows on interests held

$66

 

$4

 

$8

 

$2

 

$80

Servicing or management fees
4

 
12

 
1

 

 
17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2009
(Dollars in millions)
Residential
Mortgage
Loans
 
Commercial
and Corporate
Loans
 
Student
Loans
 
CDO
Securities
 
Total 
Cash flows on interests held

$94

 

$2

 

$7

 

$3

 

$106

Servicing or management fees
5

 
11

 
1

 

 
17


Portfolio balances and delinquency balances based on accruing loans 90 days or more past due and all nonaccrual loans as of December 31 and net charge-offs related to managed portfolio loans (both those that are owned or consolidated by the Company and those that have been transferred) for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Principal Balance
 
Past Due
 
 
Net Charge-offs
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
 
 
Year Ended December 31
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
Type of loan:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial

$55,872

 

$53,488

 

$938

 

$1,904

 
 

$663

 

$988

 
Residential
46,660

 
46,521

 
3,079

 
3,122

 
 
1,257

 
1,716

 
Consumer
19,963

 
15,966

 
914

 
649

 
 
120

 
151

 
Total loan portfolio
122,495

 
115,975

 
4,931

 
5,675

 
 
2,040

 
2,855

 
Managed securitized loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial
1,978

 
2,244

 
43

 
44

 
 

 
22

 
Residential
114,342

 
120,429

 
3,310

1 
3,497

1 
 
50

 
46

 
Total managed loans

$238,815

 

$238,648

 

$8,284

 

$9,216

 
 

$2,090

 

$2,923

1Excludes loans that have completed the foreclosure or short sale process (i.e., involuntary prepayments).


Other Variable Interest Entities
In addition to the Company’s involvement with certain VIEs related to transfers of financial assets, the Company also has involvement with VIEs from other business activities.
Three Pillars Funding, LLC
SunTrust assists in providing liquidity to select corporate clients by directing them to a multi-seller CP conduit, Three Pillars. Three Pillars provides financing for direct purchases of financial assets originated and serviced by SunTrust’s corporate clients by issuing CP.
The Company has determined that Three Pillars is a VIE as Three Pillars has not issued sufficient equity at risk. In accordance with the VIE consolidation guidance, the Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary of Three Pillars as certain subsidiaries have both the power to direct its significant activities and own potentially significant VIs. The assets and liabilities of Three Pillars were consolidated by the Company at their unpaid principal amounts at January 1, 2010; upon consolidation, the Company recorded an allowance for loan losses on $1.7 billion of secured loans that were consolidated at that time, resulting in an immaterial transition adjustment, which was recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity.
The Company’s involvement with Three Pillars includes the following activities: services related to the administration of Three Pillars’ activities and client referrals to Three Pillars; the issuing of letters of credit, which provide partial credit protection to the CP holders; and providing liquidity arrangements that would provide funding to Three Pillars in the event it can no longer issue CP or in certain other circumstances. The Company’s activities with Three Pillars generated total revenue for the Company, net of direct salary and administrative costs, of $65 million, $68 million, and $59 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
At December 31, 2011, the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets included approximately $2.9 billion of secured loans held by Three Pillars, which are included within commercial loans. Other assets and liabilities were not material to the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets, and no CP was outstanding at December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2010, the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets included commercial loans and short-term borrowings of $2.4 billion and $99 million, respectively. Short-term borrowings, excluding intercompany liabilities, consisted of the CP issued by Three Pillars to third parties. No losses on any of Three Pillars’ assets were incurred during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009.
Funding commitments extended by Three Pillars to its customers totaled $4.1 billion with outstanding receivables totaling $2.9 billion at December 31, 2011; the majority of which generally carry initial terms of one to three years and may be repaid or refinanced at any time. At December 31, 2010, Three Pillars had funding commitments and outstanding receivables totaling $4.1 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively. The majority of the commitments are backed by trade receivables and commercial loans that have been originated by companies operating across a number of industries. Trade receivables and commercial loans collateralize 40% and 20%, respectively, of the outstanding commitments, as of December 31, 2011, compared to 48% and 14%, respectively, as of December 31, 2010. Total assets supporting outstanding commitments have a weighted average life of 2.8 years and 2.3 years at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Each transaction added to Three Pillars is typically structured to a minimum implied A/A2 rating according to established credit and underwriting policies as approved by credit risk management and monitored on a regular basis to ensure compliance with each transaction’s terms and conditions. Typically, transactions contain dynamic credit enhancement features that provide increased credit protection in the event asset performance deteriorates. If asset performance deteriorates beyond predetermined covenant levels, the transaction could become ineligible for continued funding by Three Pillars. This could result in the transaction being amended with the approval of credit risk management, or Three Pillars could terminate the transaction and enforce any rights or remedies available, including amortization of the transaction or liquidation of the collateral. Three Pillars also has the option to fund under the liquidity facility provided by the Bank in connection with the transaction and may be required to fund under the liquidity facility if the transaction remains in breach. In addition, each commitment renewal requires credit risk management approval. The Company is not aware of unfavorable trends related to Three Pillars’ assets for which the Company expects to suffer material losses. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, there were no writedowns of Three Pillars' assets.
The assets of Three Pillars generally provide the sources of cash flows for the CP. However, the Company has issued commitments in the form of liquidity facilities and other credit enhancements to support the operations of Three Pillars. Due to the Company’s consolidation of Three Pillars as of January 1, 2010, these commitments are eliminated in consolidation for U.S. GAAP purposes. The liquidity commitments are revolving facilities that are sized based on the current commitments provided by Three Pillars to its customers. The liquidity facilities may generally be used if new CP cannot be issued by Three Pillars to repay maturing CP. However, the liquidity facilities are available in all circumstances, except certain bankruptcy-related events with respect to Three Pillars. Draws on the facilities are subject to the purchase price (or borrowing base) formula that, in many cases, excludes defaulted assets to the extent that they exceed available over-collateralization in the form of non-defaulted assets, and may also provide the liquidity banks with loss protection equal to a portion of the loss protection provided for in the related securitization agreement. Additionally, there are transaction specific covenants and triggers that are tied to the performance of the assets of the relevant seller/servicer that may result in a transaction termination event, which, if continuing, would require funding through the related liquidity facility. Finally, in a termination event of Three Pillars, such as if its tangible net worth falls below $5,000 for a period in excess of 15 days, Three Pillars would be unable to issue CP, which would likely result in funding through the liquidity facilities. Draws under the credit enhancement are also available in all circumstances, but are generally used to the extent required to make payment on any maturing CP if there are insufficient funds from collections of receivables or the use of liquidity facilities. The required amount of credit enhancement at Three Pillars will vary from time to time as new receivable pools are purchased or removed from its asset portfolio, but is generally equal to 10% of the aggregate commitments of Three Pillars.
Due to the consolidation of Three Pillars, the Company’s maximum exposure to potential loss was $4.3 billion and $4.2 billion as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which represents the Company’s exposure to the lines of credit that Three Pillars had extended to its clients. The Company did not recognize any liability on its Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the liquidity facilities and other credit enhancements provided to Three Pillars as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, as no amounts had been drawn, nor were any draws probable to occur, such that a loss should have been accrued.
In January 2012, the Company initiated the process of liquidating Three Pillars. The commitments and outstanding loans of Three Pillars will be transferred to the Bank. The Bank will fund the loans through wholesale funding sources, and Three Pillars' CP will be repaid in full. The liquidation is expected to be complete by the second quarter of 2012, and upon completion, the Bank will terminate the liquidity arrangements and standby letter of credit. The liquidation is not expected to have a material impact to the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Total Return Swaps
The Company recommenced involvement with various VIEs related to its TRS business during 2010. Under the matched book TRS business model, the VIEs purchase assets (typically loans) from the market, which are identified by third party clients, that serve as the underlying reference assets for a TRS between the VIE and the Company and a mirror TRS between the Company and its third party clients. The TRS contracts between the VIEs and the Company hedge the Company’s exposure to the TRS contracts with its third party clients. These third parties are not related parties to the Company, nor are they and the Company de facto agents of each other. In order for the VIEs to purchase the reference assets, the Company provides senior financing, in the form of demand notes, to these VIEs. The TRS contracts pass through interest and other cash flows on the assets owned by the VIEs to the third parties, along with exposing the third parties to depreciation on the assets and providing them with the rights to appreciation on the assets. The terms of the TRS contracts require the third parties to post initial collateral, in addition to ongoing margin as the fair values of the underlying assets change. Although the Company has always caused the VIEs to purchase a reference asset in response to the addition of a reference asset by its third party clients, there is no legal obligation between the Company and its third party clients for the Company to purchase the reference assets or for the Company to cause the VIEs to purchase the assets.
The Company considered the VIE consolidation guidance, which requires an evaluation of the substantive contractual and non-contractual aspects of transactions involving VIEs established subsequent to January 1, 2010. The Company and its third party clients are the only VI holders. As such, the Company evaluated the nature of all VIs and other interests and involvement with the VIEs, in addition to the purpose and design of the VIEs, relative to the risks they were designed to create. The purpose and design of a VIE are key components of a consolidation analysis and any power should be analyzed based on the substance of that power relative to the purpose and design of the VIE. The VIEs were designed for the benefit of the third parties and would not exist if the Company did not enter into the TRS contracts with the third parties. The activities of the VIEs are restricted to buying and selling reference assets with respect to the TRS contracts entered into between the Company and its third party clients and the risks/benefits of any such assets owned by the VIEs are passed to the third party clients via the TRS contracts. The TRS contracts between the Company and its third party clients have a substantive effect on the design of the overall transaction and the VIEs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, as the design of the TRS business results in the Company having no substantive power to direct the significant activities of the VIEs.
At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had $1.7 billion and $972 million, respectively, in senior financing outstanding to VIEs, which were classified within trading assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and carried at fair value. These VIEs had entered into TRS contracts with the Company with outstanding notional amounts of $1.6 billion and $969 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and the Company had entered into mirror TRS contracts with its third parties with the same outstanding notional amounts. At December 31, 2011, the fair values of these TRS assets and liabilities were $20 million and $17 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2010, the fair values of these TRS assets and liabilities were $34 million and $32 million, respectively, reflecting the pass-through nature of these structures. The notional amounts of the TRS contracts with the VIEs represent the Company’s maximum exposure to loss, although such exposure to loss has been mitigated via the TRS contracts with the third parties. The Company has not provided any support to the VIE that it was not contractually obligated to for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. For additional information on the Company’s TRS with these VIEs, see Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments.”
Community Development Investments
As part of its community reinvestment initiatives, the Company invests almost exclusively within its footprint in multi-family affordable housing developments and other community development entities as a limited and/or general partner and/or a debt provider. The Company receives tax credits for various investments. The Company has determined that the related partnerships are VIEs. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not provide any financial or other support to its consolidated or unconsolidated investments that it was not previously contractually required to provide.
For partnerships where the Company operates strictly as the general partner, the Company consolidates these partnerships on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. As the general partner, the Company typically guarantees the tax credits due to the limited partner and is responsible for funding construction and operating deficits. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, total assets, which consist primarily of fixed assets and cash attributable to the consolidated partnerships, were $5 million and $8 million, respectively, and total liabilities, excluding intercompany liabilities, were $1 million. Security deposits from the tenants are recorded as liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company maintains separate cash accounts to fund these liabilities and these assets are considered restricted. The tenant liabilities and corresponding restricted cash assets were not material as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. While the obligations of the general partner are generally non-recourse to the Company, as the general partner, the Company may from time to time step in when needed to fund deficits. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not provide any significant amount of funding as the general partner or to cover any deficits the partnerships may have generated.
For other partnerships, the Company acts only in a limited partnership capacity. The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these partnerships and accounts for its limited partner interests in accordance with the accounting guidance for investments in affordable housing projects. The general partner or an affiliate of the general partner provides guarantees to the limited partner, which protects the Company from losses attributable to operating deficits, construction deficits and tax credit allocation deficits. Partnership assets of $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion in these partnerships were not included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These limited partner interests had carrying values of $194 million and $202 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are recorded in other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss for these limited partner investments totaled $472 million and $458 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss would be borne by the loss of the limited partnership equity investments along with $249 million and $222 million of loans, interest-rate swaps or letters of credit issued by the Company to the limited partnerships at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The difference between the maximum exposure to loss and the investment and loan balances is primarily attributable to the unfunded equity commitments. Unfunded equity commitments are amounts that the Company has committed to the partnerships upon the partnerships meeting certain conditions. When these conditions are met, the Company will invest these additional amounts in the partnerships.
Additionally, the Company invests in funds whose purpose is to invest in affordable housing developments as the limited partner investor. The Company owns minority and noncontrolling interests in these funds. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company's investment in these funds totaled $68 million and $62 million, respectively, and the Company's maximum exposure to loss on its equity investments, which is comprised of its investments in the funds plus any additional unfunded equity commitments, was $108 million and $80 million, respectively.
When the Company owns both the limited partner and general partner interests or acts as the indemnifying party, the Company consolidates the partnerships. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, total assets, which consist primarily of fixed assets and cash, attributable to the consolidated, non-VIE partnerships were $360 million and $394 million, respectively, and total liabilities, excluding intercompany liabilities, primarily representing third party borrowings, were $107 million and $123 million, respectively. See Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement,” for further discussion on the impact of impairment charges on affordable housing partnership investments.
Registered and Unregistered Funds Advised by RidgeWorth
RidgeWorth, a registered investment advisor and majority owned subsidiary of the Company, serves as the investment advisor for various private placement, common and collective funds, and registered mutual funds (collectively the “Funds”). The Company evaluates these Funds to determine if the Funds are VIEs. In February 2010, the FASB issued guidance that defers the application of the existing VIE consolidation guidance for investment funds meeting certain criteria. All of the registered and unregistered Funds advised by RidgeWorth meet the scope exception criteria and thus are not evaluated for consolidation under the guidance. Accordingly, the Company continues to apply the consolidation guidance in effect prior to the issuance of the existing guidance to interests in funds that qualify for the deferral.
The Company has concluded that some of the Funds are VIEs. However, the Company has concluded that it is not the primary beneficiary of these funds as the Company does not absorb a majority of the expected losses nor expected returns of the funds. The Company’s exposure to loss is limited to the investment advisor and other administrative fees it earns and if applicable, any equity investments. The total unconsolidated assets of these funds as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 were $1.1 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively.
The Company does not have any contractual obligation to provide monetary support to any of the Funds. The Company did not provide any significant support, contractual or otherwise, to the Funds during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.


NOTE 12 - LONG-TERM DEBT AND CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS
Long-term debt at December 31 consisted of the following:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Parent Company Only
 
2011
 
2010
 
Interest Rates
 
Maturities
Senior, fixed rate 1
 

$2,719

 

$922

 
3.25% - 6.00%
 
2012 - 2028
Senior, variable rate
 
1,527

 
1,512

 
0.58 - 3.00
 
2012 - 2019
Subordinated, fixed rate
 
200

 
200

 
6.00
 
2026
Junior subordinated, fixed rate
 
1,197

 
1,693

 
6.10 - 7.88
 
2036 - 2068
Junior subordinated, variable rate
 
651

 
651

 
1.12 - 3.98
 
2027 - 2034
Total Parent Company debt (excluding intercompany of $160 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010)
 
6,294

 
4,978

 

 
 
Subsidiaries
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Senior, fixed rate 2
 
350

 
2,640

 
0.50 - 10.75
 
2012 - 2048
Senior, variable rate 3
 
2,504

 
3,443

 
0.52 - 7.50
 
2012 - 2037
Subordinated, fixed rate 4
 
1,260

 
2,087

 
5.00 - 7.25
 
2015 - 2028
Subordinated, variable rate
 
500

 
500

 
0.67 - .80
 
2015
Total subsidiaries debt
 
4,614

 
8,670

 

 
 
Total long-term debt
 

$10,908

 

$13,648

 

 
 
1 Debt recorded at fair value, $448 million and $460 million, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
2 Includes leases and other obligations that do not have a stated interest rate.
3 Debt recorded at fair value, $289 million and $290 million, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
4 Debt recorded at fair value.
Long-term debt included $460 million and $1.5 billion of foreign denominated debt at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Maturities of long-term debt are: 2012$2.4 billion; 2013$136 million; 2014$19 million; 2015$799 million; 2016$1.1 billion; and thereafter – $6.5 billion. Government guaranteed debt issued under the FDIC's Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program was $576 million and $2.7 billion at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Restrictive provisions of several long-term debt agreements prevent the Company from creating liens on, disposing of, or issuing (except to related parties) voting stock of subsidiaries. Further, there are restrictions on mergers, consolidations, certain leases, sales or transfers of assets, minimum shareholders’ equity, and maximum borrowings by the Company. As of December 31, 2011, the Company was in compliance with all covenants and provisions of long-term debt agreements. As currently defined by federal bank regulators, long-term debt of $1.9 billion and $2.4 billion as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, qualified as Tier 1 capital, and long-term debt of $1.6 billion and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, qualified as Tier 2 capital. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had collateral pledged to the FHLB of Atlanta to support $10.8 billion of available borrowing capacity with $27 million of long-term debt and $7.0 billion of short-term debt outstanding at December 31, 2011.

The Company does not consolidate certain wholly-owned trusts which had been formed for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. The proceeds from the trust preferred securities issuances were invested in junior subordinated debentures of the Parent Company. The obligations of these debentures constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Parent Company of the trust preferred securities.
During 2011, the Company issued $1.0 billion of 3.60% senior notes that will mature in 2016, and $750 million of 3.50% senior notes that will mature in 2017. During the year, a $2.1 billion senior note, $1.1 billion of foreign denominated debt, and $852 million of subordinated debt matured. Additionally, the Company repurchased and retired $395 million and $101 million of junior subordinated notes that were due in 2036 and 2042, respectively, and recognized a net gain of $3 million.
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into certain contractual obligations. Such obligations include obligations to make future payments on lease arrangements, contractual commitments for capital expenditures, and service contracts. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had the following in unconditional obligations: 
 
 
As of December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
 
1 year or less
 
1-3 years
 
3-5 years
 
After 5 years
 
Total
Operating lease obligations
 

$214

 

$399

 

$346

 

$509

 

$1,468

Capital lease obligations 1
 
1

 
2

 
3

 
6

 
12

Purchase obligations 2
 
81

 
296

 
184

 
146

 
707

Total
 

$296

 

$697

 

$533

 

$661

 

$2,187

1 Amounts do not include accrued interest.
2 Includes contracts with a minimum annual payment of $5 million.


NOTE 13 – NET INCOME/(LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE
Equivalent shares of 26 million, 31 million, and 32 million related to common stock options and common stock warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 respectively, were excluded from the computations of diluted income/(loss) per average common share because they would have been anti-dilutive. Further, for EPS calculation purposes, during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the impact of dilutive securities was excluded from the diluted share count because the Company recognized a net loss available to common shareholders and the impact would have been anti-dilutive.
A reconciliation of the difference between average basic common shares outstanding and average diluted common shares outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 is included below. Additionally, included below is a reconciliation of net income/(loss) to net income/(loss) available to common shareholders. 
 
 
 
(In millions, except per share data)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Net income/(loss)
 

$647

 

$189

 

($1,564
)
Preferred dividends, Series A
 
(7
)
 
(7
)
 
(14
)
Dividends and accretion of discount on preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury
 
(66
)
 
(267
)
 
(266
)
Accretion associated with repurchase of preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury
 
(74
)
 

 

Gain on repurchase of Series A preferred stock
 

 

 
94

Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to unvested shares
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
17

Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders
 

$495

 

($87
)
 

($1,733
)
Average basic common shares
 
524

 
495

 
435

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options
 
2

 
1

 

Restricted stock
 
2

 
3

 
2

Average diluted common shares
 
528

 
499

 
437

Net income/(loss) per average common share - diluted
 

$0.94

 

($0.18
)
 

($3.98
)
Net income/(loss) per average common share - basic
 

$0.94

 

($0.18
)
 

($3.98
)

NOTE 14 – CAPITAL
In March 2011, the Federal Reserve completed its review of the Company’s capital plan in connection with the CCAR. Upon completion of the review, the Federal Reserve did not object to the Company’s capital plan as originally submitted in January 2011. As a result, during the first quarter of 2011, the Company completed a $1.0 billion common stock offering and a $1.0 billion senior debt offering, which pays 3.60% interest and is due in 2016.
On March 30, 2011, the Company used the proceeds from these offerings as well as from other available funds to repurchase $3.5 billion of Fixed Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C, and $1.4 billion of Fixed Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D, that was issued to the U.S. Treasury under the TARP’s CPP in 2008. As a result of the repurchase of Series C and D Preferred Stock, the Company incurred a one-time non-cash charge to net income/(loss) available to common shareholders of $74 million related to accelerating the outstanding discount accretion on the Series C and D Preferred Stock. The discount associated with the Series C and D Preferred Stock was being amortized over a five-year period from each respective issuance date using the effective yield method and totaled $6 million, $25 million and $23 million during 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
On January 9, 2012, the Company submitted its latest CCAR capital plan which is currently under review by the Federal Reserve.
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements which involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets.

 Capital Ratios

Capital ratios at December 31, consisted of the following:
 
2011
 
2010
(Dollars in millions)
Amount      
 
Ratio      
 
Amount      
 
Ratio      
SunTrust Banks, Inc.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 common

$12,254

 
9.22
%
 
$10,737
 
8.08
%
Tier 1 capital
14,490

 
10.90

 
18,156

 
13.67

Total capital
18,177

 
13.67

 
21,967

 
16.54

Tier 1 leverage
 
 
8.75

 
 
 
10.94

SunTrust Bank
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 capital

$14,026

 
10.70
%
 
$13,120
 
10.05
%
Total capital
17,209

 
13.13

 
16,424

 
12.58

Tier 1 leverage
 
 
8.69

 
 
 
8.33

Substantially all of the Company’s retained earnings are undistributed earnings of the Bank, which are restricted by various regulations administered by federal and state bank regulatory authorities. There was no capacity for payment of cash dividends to the Parent Company under these regulations at December 31, 2011 and 2010. At January 1, 2012, retained earnings of the Bank available for payment of cash dividends to the Parent Company under these regulations totaled approximately $697 million. Additionally, the Federal Reserve requires the Company to maintain cash reserves. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, these reserve requirements totaled $1.7 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively and were fulfilled with a combination of cash on hand and deposits at the Federal Reserve.
Preferred Stock
Preferred stock at December 31 consisted of the following:
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
Series A (1,725 shares outstanding)
 

$172

 

$172

Series B (1,025 shares outstanding at December 31, 2011)
 
103

 

Series C (35,000 shares outstanding at December 31, 2010)
 

 
3,442

Series D (13,500 shares outstanding at December 31, 2010)
 

 
1,328

 
 

$275

 

$4,942

On September 12, 2006, the Company issued depositary shares representing ownership interests in 5,000 shares of Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, no par value and $100,000 liquidation preference per share (the “Series A Preferred Stock”). The Series A Preferred Stock has no stated maturity and will not be subject to any sinking fund or other obligation of the Company. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock, if declared, will accrue and be payable quarterly at a rate per annum equal to the greater of three-month LIBOR plus 0.53%, or 4.00%. Dividends on the shares are noncumulative. Shares of the Series A Preferred Stock have priority over the Company’s common stock with regard to the payment of dividends. As such, the Company may not pay dividends on or repurchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for consideration shares of its common stock unless dividends for the Series A Preferred Stock have been declared for that period and sufficient funds have been set aside to make payment. On September 15, 2011, the Series A Preferred Stock became redeemable at the Company’s option at a redemption price equal to $100,000 per share, plus any declared and unpaid dividends. Except in certain limited circumstances, the Series A Preferred Stock does not have any voting rights. During 2009, the Company repurchased 3,275 shares of the Series A Preferred Stock.
On December 15, 2011, the Company issued depositary shares representing ownership interests in 1,025 shares of Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B, no par value and $100,000 liquidation preference per share (the "Series B Preferred Stock"). The Series B Preferred Stock has no stated maturity and will not be subject to any sinking fund or other obligation of the Company. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock, if declared, will accrue and be payable quarterly at a rate per annum equal to the greater of three-month LIBOR plus 0.65%, or 4.00%. Dividends on the shares are noncumulative. Shares of the Series B Preferred Stock have priority over the Company's common stock with regard to the payment of dividends. As such, the Company may not pay dividends on or repurchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for consideration shares of its common stock unless dividends for the Series B Preferred Stock have been declared for that period, and sufficient funds have been set aside to make payment. The Series B Preferred Stock were immediately redeemable upon issuance at the Company's option at a redemption price equal to $100,000 per share, plus any declared and unpaid dividends. Except in certain limited circumstances, the Series B Preferred Stock does not have any voting rights.
On November 14, 2008, as part of the CPP established by the U.S. Treasury under the EESA, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with the U.S. Treasury pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to the U.S. Treasury 35,000 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C, having a liquidation preference of $100,000 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”), and a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 11,891,280 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, at an initial exercise price of $44.15 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $3.5 billion in cash.
On December 31, 2008, as part of the CPP established by the U.S. Treasury under the EESA, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with the U.S. Treasury dated December 31, 2008, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold to the U.S. Treasury 13,500 shares of the Company’s Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D, having a liquidation preference of $100,000 per share (the “Series D Preferred Stock”), and a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 6,008,902 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, at an initial exercise price of $33.70 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $1.4 billion in cash.
The Company repurchased the aforementioned Series C and D Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock on March 30, 2011. On September 22, 2011, the U.S. Treasury auctioned a total of 17.9 million of the Company's warrants to purchase 11.9 million shares of SunTrust common stock at an exercise price of $44.15 per share (Series B warrants) and 6 million shares of SunTrust common stock at an exercise price of $33.70 per share (Series A warrants). The warrants were issued by SunTrust to the U.S. Treasury in connection with its investment in SunTrust Banks, Inc. under the CPP and have expiration dates of November 2018 (Series B) and December 2018 (Series A). In conjunction with the U.S. Treasury's auction, the Company acquired 4 million of the Series A warrants for $11 million and retired them.
Common and Preferred Dividends
The Company remains subject to certain restrictions on its ability to increase the dividend on common shares as a result of participating in the U.S. Treasury’s CPP. If the Company increases its dividend above $0.54 per share per quarter prior to the tenth anniversary of its participation in the CPP, then the anti-dilution provision within the warrants issued in connection with the Company’s participation in the CPP will require the exercise price and number of shares to be issued upon exercise to be proportionately adjusted. The amount of such adjustment is determined by a formula and depends in part on the extent to which the Company raises its dividend. The formulas are contained in the warrant agreements which were filed as exhibits to Form 8-As filed on September 23, 2011.
During the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, SunTrust paid cash dividends on perpetual preferred stock totaling $67 million, $239 million and $246 million, respectively. SunTrust also declared and paid common dividends totaling $64 million, or $0.12 per common share, $20 million, or $0.04 per common share, and $83 million, or $0.22 per common share during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.

NOTE 15 - INCOME TAXES
The components of income tax provision included in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Year ended December 31
Current income tax expense/(benefit):
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Federal
 

($4
)
 

$—

 

($7
)
State
 

 
(14
)
 
3

Total
 

($4
)
 

($14
)
 

($4
)
Deferred income tax expense/(benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
 

$81

 

($177
)
 

($798
)
State
 
2

 
6

 
(96
)
Total
 
83

 
(171
)
 
(894
)
Total income tax expense/(benefit)
 

$79

 

($185
)
 

($898
)

The income tax provision does not reflect the tax effects of unrealized gains and losses and other income and expenses recorded in AOCI. For additional information on AOCI, see Note 22, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.”

A reconciliation of the expected income tax expense/(benefit) at the statutory federal income tax rate of 35% to the Company’s actual provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate is as follows:
 
 
 
Year ended December 31
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
(Dollars in millions)
 
Amount
 
Percent of
Pre-Tax
Income
 
Amount
 
Percent of
Pre-Tax
Income 1
 
Amount
 
Percent of
Pre-Tax
Income
Income tax expense/(benefit) at federal statutory rate
 

$254

 
35.0
 %
 

$1

 
35.0
%
 

($861
)
 
(35.0
)%
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt interest
 
(72
)
 
(9.9
)
 
(74
)
 
NM

 
(79
)
 
(3.2
)
Dividends received deduction
 
(14
)
 
(1.9
)
 
(13
)
 
NM

 
(12
)
 
(0.5
)
Income tax credits, net
 
(88
)
 
(12.1
)
 
(88
)
 
NM

 
(80
)
 
(3.2
)
State income taxes, net
 
2

 
0.2

 
12

 
NM

 
(48
)
 
(2.0
)
Completion of audit examinations by taxing authorities
 

 

 
(20
)
 
NM

 
(55
)
 
(2.2
)
Goodwill impairment
 

 

 

 

 
237

 
9.6

Other
 
(3
)
 
(0.4
)
 
(3
)
 
NM

 

 

Total income tax expense/(benefit) and rate
 

$79

 
10.9
 %
 

($185
)
 
NM

 

($898
)
 
(36.5
)%
1 "NM" - Calculated percentage was not considered to be meaningful

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities result from differences between the timing of the recognition of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and for income tax return purposes. These assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are currently in effect. The net deferred income tax liability is recorded in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The significant components of the DTAs and DTLs as of December 31 were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
DTAs:
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan and lease losses
 

$906

 

$1,092

Accrued expenses
 
509

 
378

State NOL and other carryforwards (net of federal benefit)
 
197

 
182

Federal NOL
 

 
24

Federal credits and other carryforwards
 
266

 
256

Other
 
175

 
276

Total gross DTAs
 
2,053

 
2,208

Valuation allowance
 
(65
)
 
(50
)
Total DTAs
 

$1,988

 

$2,158

DTLs:
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains in AOCI
 

$995

 

$915

Leasing
 
728

 
701

Compensation and employee benefits
 
100

 
88

MSRs
 
613

 
610

Loans
 
47

 
135

Goodwill and intangible assets
 
121

 
97

Fixed assets
 
177

 
148

Other
 
95

 
113

Total DTLs
 

$2,876

 

$2,807

Net DTL
 

($888
)
 

($649
)

The DTAs include a federal NOL and other federal carryforwards of $266 million and $280 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the majority of which will expire, if not utilized, by 2031. The DTAs also include state NOLs and other state carryforwards of $197 million and $182 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The state carryforwards will expire, if not utilized, in varying amounts from 2012 to 2031. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded a valuation allowance against its state carryforwards and certain state DTAs of $65 million and $50 million, respectively. The Company determined that a valuation allowance is not required for the federal and the remaining state DTAs because it is more likely than not these assets will be realized against future taxable income.
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company’s liability for UTBs, excluding interest and penalties, was $133 million and $132 million, respectively. The amount of UTBs that, if recognized, would affect the Company's effective tax rate was $90 million at December 31, 2011. Additionally, the Company had a liability of $21 million for interest related to its UTBs at December 31, 2011 and 2010. Interest income recognized related to UTBs was less than $1 million and approximately $10 million for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Interest related to UTBs is recorded as a component of the income tax provision. The Company continually evaluates the UTBs associated with its uncertain tax positions. It is reasonably possible that the liability for UTBs could decrease during the next 12 months by up to $40 million due to completion of tax authority examinations and the expiration of statutes of limitations.

The Company files consolidated and separate income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state jurisdictions. The Company's federal income tax returns are no longer subject to examination by the IRS for taxable years prior to 2006. The IRS audit of the 2006 federal income tax return is closed, but the return is still subject to examination to the extent of carryback claims. The Company's 2007 through 2009 federal income tax returns are currently under examination by the IRS. With limited exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to examination by state and local taxing authorities for taxable years prior to 2006.

The following table provides a rollforward of the Company's federal and state UTBs for the year ended December 31:
 
 
 
 
 
2011
 
2010
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1
 

$132

 

$188

Increases in UTBs related to prior years
 
12

 
26

Decreases in UTBs related to prior years
 
(12
)
 
(11
)
Increases in UTBs related to the current year
 
8

 
4

Decreases in UTBs related to settlements
 
(1
)
 
(57
)
Decreases in UTBs related to lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations
 
(6
)
 
(18
)
Balance at December 31
 

$133

 

$132



NOTE 16 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company sponsors various short-term incentive and LTI plans for eligible employees. The Company delivers LTIs through various incentive programs, including stock options, restricted stock, LTI cash, and salary shares. Awards under the LTI cash plan cliff vest over a period of three years from the date of the award and are paid in cash. MIP is the Company's short-term cash incentive plan for key employees that provides for potential annual cash awards based on the Company's performance and/or the achievement of business unit and individual performance objectives. Compensation expense for the MIP and LTI Cash plans was $116 million, $77 million and $28 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
The terms related to TARP prohibited the payment of any bonus, incentive compensation or stock option award to our five NEOs and certain other highly compensated executives. As a result, until the Company repaid the U.S. government's TARP investment, SunTrust continued the use of salary shares in 2011 as defined in the U.S. Treasury’s Interim Final Rule on TARP Standards for Compensation and Corporate Governance. Specifically, the Company paid additional base salary amounts in the form of stock (salary shares) to the SEOs and some of the other employees who were among the next 20 most highly-compensated employees. The Company did this each pay period in the form of stock units under the SunTrust Banks, Inc. 2009 Stock Plan (the "2009 Stock Plan"). The stock units did not include any rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents. As required by EESA, each salary share was non-forfeitable upon grant and may not be sold or transferred until the expiration of a holding period (except as necessary to satisfy applicable withholding taxes). As a result, these individuals are at risk for the value of the Company's stock price until the stock unit is settled. The stock units are settled in cash; for the 2010 salary shares, one half was settled on March 31, 2011 and one half will be settled on March 31, 2012, unless settled earlier due to the executive’s death. The 2011 salary shares were settled on March 30, 2011, the date the Company repaid the U.S. government's TARP investment. The amount to be paid on settlement of the stock units will be equal to the value of a share of SunTrust common stock on the settlement date. Benefit plan determinations and limits were established to ensure that the salary shares were accounted for equitably within relevant benefit plans. In 2011, the value of salary shares paid was $7 million. As of December 31, 2011, the accrual related to salary shares was $3 million.
Following the repayment by SunTrust of the U.S. Treasury’s TARP investment in the Company, the Compensation Committee of the Board approved a revised compensation structure for the Company’s NEOs. Effective April 1, 2011, the compensation structure includes an annual incentive opportunity under the Company’s existing MIP. A new LTI arrangement was also implemented. The design of the LTI plan delivers 50% restricted stock units with vesting tied to the Company’s total shareholder return relative to a peer group consisting of the banks which comprise the KBW Bank Sector Index. The remaining 50% of the LTI plan will consist of approximately half restricted stock units, the vesting of which is tied to the achievement of a Tier 1 capital ratio target, and the other half in stock options. These grants are reflected in the summary of stock option and restricted stock activity table, including the aforementioned restricted stock units granted in 2011.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company provides stock-based awards through the SunTrust Banks Inc. 2009 Stock Plan (as amended and restated effective January 1, 2011) under which the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) has the authority to grant stock options, restricted stock, and restricted stock units, of which some may have performance features such as vesting tied to the Company's total shareholder return relative to a peer group or vesting tied to the achievement of a Tier 1 capital ratio target, to key employees of the Company. Under the 2009 Stock Plan, approximately 21 million shares of common stock is authorized and reserved for issuance, of which no more than 17 million shares may be issued as restricted stock or stock units. See the summary of stock option and restricted stock activity table for the shares available for additional grants. Stock options are granted at a price which is no less than the fair market value of a share of SunTrust common stock on the grant date and may be either tax-qualified incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options. Stock options typically vest after three years and generally have a maximum contractual life of ten years and upon option exercise, shares are issued to employees from treasury stock.

29

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



Shares of restricted stock may be granted to employees and directors and typically cliff vest after three years. Restricted stock grants may be subject to one or more criteria, including employment, performance, or other conditions as established by the Committee at the time of grant. Any shares of restricted stock that are forfeited will again become available for issuance under the Stock Plan. An employee or director has the right to vote the shares of restricted stock after grant unless and until they are forfeited. Compensation cost for restricted stock is equal to the fair market value of the shares at the date of the award and is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period. Dividends are paid on awarded but unvested restricted stock.

The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes valuation model. The expected volatility represents the implied volatility of SunTrust stock. The expected term represents the period of time that stock options granted are expected to be outstanding and is derived from historical data which is used to evaluate patterns such as stock option exercise and employee termination. Through repurchase of preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury in first quarter 2011, the expected dividend yield was based on the current rate in effect at grant date. Beginning in second quarter, the Company began using the projected dividend to be paid in the dividend yield assumption. The risk-free interest rate is derived from the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant based on the expected life of the option.
The weighted average fair values of options granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $10.51, $12.78 and $5.13 per share, respectively. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:
 
 
Year Ended December 31
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Dividend yield
0.75
%
 
0.17
%
 
4.16
%
Expected stock price volatility
34.87

 
56.09

 
83.17

Risk-free interest rate (weighted average)
2.48

 
2.80

 
1.94

Expected life of options
6 years    

 
6 years    

 
6 years    


30

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The following table presents a summary of stock option and restricted stock activity:
 
 
 
Stock Options
 
Restricted Stock
 
Restricted Stock Units
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
 
Shares
 
Price
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Shares
 
Deferred
Compensation
Grant Price
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Price
 
Shares
 
Price
Range
 
Weighted
Average
Grant
Price
Balance, January 1, 2009
 
15,641,872

 
$17.06-$150.45

 

$65.29

 
3,803,412

 

$113

 

$64.61

 

 

$—

 

$—

Granted
 
3,803,796

 
9.06

 
9.06

 
2,565,648

 
28

 
10.40

 
66,420

 
26.96

 
26.96

Exercised/vested
 

 

 

 
(1,255,092
)
 

 
64.79

 

 

 

Cancelled/expired/forfeited
 
(1,784,452
)
 
9.06 - 149.81

 
65.39

 
(343,796
)
 
(16
)
 
46.59

 

 

 

Amortization of restricted stock compensation
 

 

 

 

 
(66
)
 

 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2009
 
17,661,216

 
9.06 - 150.45

 
53.17

 
4,770,172

 
59

 
37.02

 
66,420

 
26.96

 
26.96

Granted
 
1,192,974

 
22.69 - 27.79

 
23.64

 
1,355,075

 
33

 
24.01

 

 

 

Exercised/vested
 

 

 

 
(1,266,267
)
 

 
67.27

 

 

 

Cancelled/expired/forfeited
 
(1,711,690
)
 
9.06 - 140.14

 
52.62

 
(238,171
)
 
(7
)
 
29.22

 
(1,230
)
 
26.96

 
26.96

Amortization of restricted stock compensation
 

 

 

 

 
(42
)
 

 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2010
 
17,142,500

 
9.06 - 150.45

 
51.17

 
4,620,809

 
43

 
25.32

 
65,190

 
26.96

 
26.96

Granted
 
813,265

 
19.98 - 32.27

 
29.70

 
1,400,305

 
44

 
31.27

 
344,590

 
27.50 - 42.10

 
37.57

Exercised/vested
 
(20,000
)
 
9.06

 
9.06

 
(1,085,252
)
 

 
50.37

 

 

 

Cancelled/expired/forfeited
 
(2,066,348
)
 
9.06 - 140.40

 
63.40

 
(313,695
)
 
(7
)
 
22.07

 
(4,305
)
 
26.96

 
26.96

Amortization of restricted stock compensation
 

 

 

 

 
(32
)
 

 

 

 

Balance, December 31, 2011
 
15,869,417

 
$9.06-$150.45

 

$48.53

 
4,622,167

 

$48

 

$21.46

 
405,475

 
$26.96-$42.10

 

$35.98

Exercisable, December 31, 2011
 
10,294,719

 
 
 

$66.20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available for Additional Grant, December 31, 20111
 
20,355,430

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 Includes 13,759,670 shares available to be issued as restricted stock.



The following table presents information on stock options by ranges of exercise price at December 31, 2011:
 
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise
Prices
 
Number
Outstanding
as of
December
31, 2011
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
 
Total
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Number
Exercisable
as of
December
31, 2011
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (Years)
 
Total
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
$9.06 to 49.46
 
6,109,094

 

$17.47

 
6.98

 

$31

 
534,396

 

$33.95

 
1.54

 

$2

$49.47 to 64.57
 
2,559,551

 
54.73

 
1.10

 

 
2,559,551

 
54.73

 
1.10

 

$64.58 to 150.45
 
7,200,772

 
72.67

 
3.10

 

 
7,200,772

 
72.67

 
3.10

 

 
 
15,869,417

 

$48.53

 
4.27

 

$31

 
10,294,719

 

$66.20

 
2.52

 

$2


31

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of 2011 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money stock options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2011. This amount changes based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock. Total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was less than $1 million each year. Total fair value, measured as of the grant date, of restricted shares vested was $55 million, $85 million, and $81 million, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, there was $63 million and $62 million, respectively, of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to nonvested stock options and restricted stock. The unrecognized stock compensation expense as of December 31, 2011 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

Stock-based compensation expense recognized in noninterest expense was as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Stock-based compensation expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options

$15

 

$14

 

$12

Restricted stock
32

 
42

 
66

Restricted stock units
10

 

 

Total stock-based compensation expense

$57

 

$56

 

$78


The recognized stock-based compensation tax benefit was $22 million, $21 million and $30 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
In addition to the SunTrust stock-based compensation awards, the Company has two subsidiaries which sponsor separate equity plans where subsidiary restricted stock or restricted membership interests are granted to key employees of the subsidiaries. These awards may be subject to one or more vesting criteria, including employment, performance or other conditions as established by the board of directors or manager of the subsidiary at the time of grant. Compensation cost for these restricted awards is equal to the fair market value of the shares at the date of the award and is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period considering assumed forfeitures. As the equity of these subsidiaries does not trade in public markets, fair value at grant date is determined based on a current external valuation. Depending on the specific terms of the awards, unvested awards may or may not be entitled to receive dividends or distributions during the vesting period. The restricted stock awards and restricted membership interest awards are subject to certain fair value put and call provisions subsequent to vesting. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in noninterest expense for these subsidiary equity plans for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 totaled $8 million, $13 million and $1 million, respectively. At the end of 2010, the vesting of some of these awards caused the Company to record noncontrolling interest. In December 2011, one of the subsidiaries converted all unvested membership interest awards into LTI cash awards for a fixed dollar amount equal to the fair value of the member interest at the date of modification. The modified awards will continue to vest based on their original vesting schedule, and expense will be recognized based on the higher of the original grant value or the modified value.

Retirement Plans
Defined Contribution Plan
SunTrust maintains a qualified defined contribution plan that offers a dollar for dollar match on the first 5% of eligible pay that a participant, including executive participants, elects to defer to the 401(k) plan. Compensation expense related to this plan for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 totaled $81 million, $74 million and $76 million, respectively, excluding the $28 million special contribution in 2011 discussed below.
SunTrust also maintains the SunTrust Banks, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan in which key executives of the Company are eligible. In accordance with the terms of the plan, the matching contribution to the Deferred Compensation Plan is the same percentage of match as provided in the qualified 401(k) Plan, which is 100% of the first 5% of eligible pay that a participant, including an SEO, elects to defer to the plan, subject to such limitations as may be imposed by the plans’ provisions and applicable laws and regulations. Effective January 1, 2011, employees hired on or after January 1, 2011 will become vested in the Company’s 401(k) matching contributions and matching contributions under the Deferred Compensation Plan upon completion of two years of vesting service. Effective January 1, 2012, the Company's 401(k) plan and the Deferred Compensation Plan were amended to increase the matching contribution from 5% to 6% and to permit additional discretionary Company contributions equal to a fixed percent of eligible earnings, as defined in the applicable plan. Additionally, the Company's 401(k) plan and the Deferred

32

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Compensation Plan were amended to provide for a special contribution equal to 5% of eligible 2011 earnings for employees who have: (1) at least 20 years of service as of December 31, 2011, or (2) 10 years of service and the sum of age and service equals or exceeds 60 as of December 31, 2011. Compensation expense related to this contribution was $28 million.
Noncontributory Pension Plans
SunTrust maintains a funded, noncontributory qualified retirement plan (the "Retirement Plan") covering employees meeting certain service requirements. The plan provides benefits based on salary and years of service and, effective January 1, 2008, either a traditional pension benefit formula, a cash balance formula (the Personal Pension Account) or a combination of both. Participants are 100% vested after 3 years of service. The interest crediting rate applied to each Personal Pension Account was an annual effective rate of 4.42% for 2011. SunTrust monitors the funded status of the plan closely and due to the current funded status, SunTrust did not make a contribution for the 2011 plan year.
On October 1, 2004, SunTrust acquired NCF. Prior to the acquisition, NCF sponsored a funded qualified retirement plan, an unfunded nonqualified retirement plan for some of its participants, and certain other postretirement health benefits for its employees. Through plan amendments effective December 31, 2004 and January 1, 2008 participants' benefits under the NCF Retirement Plan were frozen with the exception of adjustments for pay increases after 2004. Similar to the SunTrust Retirement Plan, due to the current funded status of the NCF Retirement Plan, SunTrust did not make a contribution for the 2011 plan year.
SunTrust also maintains unfunded, noncontributory nonqualified supplemental defined benefit pension plans that cover key executives of the Company (the "SERP", the "ERISA Excess Plan" and the "Restoration Plan"). The plans provide defined benefits based on years of service and final average salary. SunTrust’s obligations for these nonqualified supplemental defined benefit pension plans are included within the qualified Pension Plans in the tables presented in this section under “Pension Benefits”.
Effective January 1, 2008, the SERP was amended to reduce the benefit formula for future service accruals for certain existing participants and to implement a new SERP Personal Pension Account (cash balance formula) for certain other existing participants with no limit on pay for SERP Tier 2 participants and a minimum preserved benefit for SERP participants at December 31, 2007. ERISA Excess Plan participants accrue benefits under benefit formulas that mirror the revised benefit formulas in the Retirement Plan but with an earnings limit of two times the Retirement Plan's eligible earnings.
On December 31, 2010, the Company adopted the SunTrust Banks, Inc. Restoration Plan (the “Restoration Plan”) effective January 1, 2011. The Restoration Plan is a nonqualified defined benefit cash balance plan designed to restore benefits to certain employees that are limited under provisions of the Internal Revenue Code which are not otherwise provided for under the ERISA Excess Plan. The benefit formula under the Restoration Plan is the same as the Personal Pension Account under the Retirement Plan.

Effective January 1, 2011, a separate retirement plan was created exclusively for inactive and retired employees (“SunTrust Banks, Inc. Retirement Plan for Inactive Participants”). Obligations and related plan assets were transferred from the SunTrust Banks, Inc. Retirement Plan to the new plan.

The Retirement Plan, the SERP, the ERISA Excess Plan, and the Restoration Plan were each amended on November 14, 2011 to cease all future benefit accruals. As a result, the traditional pension benefit formulas (final average pay formulas) will not reflect future salary increases and benefit service after December 31, 2011, and compensation credits under the Personal Pension Accounts (cash balance formula) will cease. However, interest credits under the Personal Pension Accounts will continue to accrue until benefits are distributed and service will continue to be recognized for vesting and eligibility requirements for early retirement. Additionally, the NCF Retirement Plan, which had been previously curtailed with respect to future benefit accruals, was amended to cease any adjustments for pay increases after December 31, 2011. As a result of the curtailment, the SunTrust Retirement Plan for Inactive Participants will be merged into the Retirement Plan effective January 1, 2012. The Company recorded a curtailment gain of $88 million which is reflected in employee benefits expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss), and reduction to the pension benefit obligation of $96 million which is reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The curtailment gain was partially offset by the $28 million special 401(k) contribution noted above.
Other Postretirement Benefits
Although not under contractual obligation, SunTrust provides certain health care and life insurance benefits to retired employees (“Other Postretirement Benefits” in the tables below). At the option of SunTrust, retirees may continue certain health and life insurance benefits if they meet age and service requirements for Other Postretirement Benefits while working for the Company. The health care plans are contributory with participant contributions adjusted annually, and the life insurance plans are noncontributory. Certain retiree health benefits are funded in a Retiree Health Trust. In addition, certain retiree life insurance benefits are funded in a VEBA. SunTrust reserves the right to amend or terminate any of the benefits at any time.

33

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Assumptions
The SunTrust Benefits Finance Committee reviews and approves the assumptions for year-end measurement calculations. A discount rate is used to determine the present value of future benefit obligations. The discount rate for each plan is determined by matching the expected cash flows of each plan to a yield curve based on long-term, high quality fixed income debt instruments available as of the measurement date. A series of benefit payments projected to be paid by the plan for the next 100 years is developed based on the most recent census data, plan provisions, and assumptions. The benefit payments at each future maturity are discounted by the year-appropriate spot interest rates. The model then solves for the discount rate that produces the same present value of the projected benefit payments as generated by discounting each year’s payments by the spot rate. This assumption is reviewed by the SunTrust Benefits Finance Committee and updated every year for each plan. A rate of compensation growth is used to determine future benefit obligations for those plans whose benefits vary by pay prior to recognition of the plan curtailment on November 14, 2011.
Actuarial gains and losses are created when actual experience deviates from assumptions. The actuarial losses on obligations generated within the Pension Plans in 2011 resulted primarily from lower discount rates.

The change in benefit obligations were as follows:
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Benefit obligation, beginning of year
 

$2,261

 

$2,008

 

$189

 

$179

Service cost
 
62

 
69

 

 

Interest cost
 
128

 
129

 
9

 
10

Plan participants’ contributions
 

 

 
22

 
20

Actuarial loss/(gain)
 
415

 
209

 
(17
)
 
7

Benefits paid
 
(109
)
 
(95
)
 
(33
)
 
(30
)
Less federal Medicare drug subsidy
 

 

 
3

 
3

Plan amendments
 

 
(59
)
 

 

Curtailments
 
(96
)
 

 

 

Benefit obligation, end of year
 

$2,661

 

$2,261

 

$173

 

$189

The accumulated benefit obligation for the Pension Benefits at December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $2.7 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively.

Pension benefits with a projected benefit obligation, in excess of plan assets as of December 31, were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
Projected benefit obligation
 

$2,530

 

$105

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
2,530

 
101

 
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
 
Other Post-
retirement Benefits
(Weighted average assumptions used to
determine benefit obligations, end of year)
 
2011
 
 
 
2010
 
 
 
2011
 
2010
Discount rate
 
4.63
%
 
 
 
5.67
%
 
 
 
4.10
%
 
5.10
%
Rate of compensation increase
 
N/A

 
 
 
4.00

 
1 
 
N/A

 
N/A  

1At year-end 2010, all salaries were expected to increase by 3% for 2011, 3.5% for 2012, and 4% for 2013 and beyond.

34

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The change in plan assets were as follows:
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year
 

$2,522

 

$2,334

 

$165

 

$161

Actual return on plan assets
 
129

 
276

 
7

 
13

Employer contributions
 
8

 
7

 

 
1

Plan participants’ contributions
 

 

 
22

 
20

Benefits paid
 
(109
)
 
(95
)
 
(33
)
 
(30
)
Fair value of plan assets, end of year
 

$2,550

 

$2,522

 

$161

 

$165

Employer contributions indicated under pension benefits represent the benefits that were paid to nonqualified plan participants. SERPs are not funded through plan assets.
The fair value of plan assets is measured based on the fair value hierarchy which is discussed in Note 19, “Fair Value Election and Measurement.” The valuations are based on third party data received as of the balance sheet date. Level 1 assets such as equity securities, mutual funds, and REITs are instruments that are traded in active markets and are valued based on identical instruments. Fixed income securities and common and collective trust funds are classified as level 2 assets because there is not an identical asset in the market upon which to base the valuation; however, there are no significant unobservable assumptions used to value level 2 instruments. The common and collective funds are valued each business day at its reported net asset value, as determined by the issuer, based on the underlying assets of the fund. Corporate and foreign bonds are valued based on quoted market prices obtained from external pricing sources where trading in an active market exists for level 2 assets. Level 3 assets primarily consist of private placement and noninvestment grade bonds. Limited visible market activity exists for these instruments or similar instruments and therefore significant unobservable assumptions are used to value the securities. In 2009, private placements were classified as level 3 assets; however, at the end of 2010, these were transferred to level 2 assets due to improved market conditions.
The following tables sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, plan assets related to Pension Benefits at fair value as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
(Dollars in millions)
 
Assets Measured at
Fair Value as of
December 31,  2011
 
Fair Value Measurements as
of December 31, 2011 using 1
Quoted Prices In
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant  Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable  Inputs
(Level 3)
Money market funds
 

$45

 

$45

 

$—

 

$—

Mutual funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International diversified funds
 
351

 
351

 

 

Large cap funds
 
426

 
426

 

 

Small and mid cap funds
 
214

 
214

 

 

Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer
 
107

 
107

 

 

Energy and utilities
 
48

 
48

 

 

Financials
 
21

 
21

 

 

Healthcare
 
58

 
58

 

 

Industrials
 
62

 
62

 

 

Information technology
 
136

 
136

 

 

Materials
 
17

 
17

 

 

Exchange traded funds
 
116

 
116

 

 

Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
 
435

 
435

 

 

Corporate - investment grade
 
398

 

 
398

 

Foreign bonds
 
103

 

 
103

 

 
 

$2,537

 

$2,036

 

$501

 

$—

1Schedule does not include accrued income amounting to less than 0.5% of total plan assets.


35

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


(Dollars in millions)
 
Assets Measured at Fair
Value as of
December 31, 2010
 
Fair Value Measurements as
of December 31, 2010 using 1
Quoted Prices In
Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant  Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable  Inputs
(Level 3)
Money market funds
 

$36

 

$36

 

$—

 

$—

Mutual funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International diversified funds
 
376

 
376

 

 

Large cap funds
 
292

 
292

 

 

Small and mid cap funds
 
248

 
248

 

 

Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer
 
108

 
108

 

 

Energy and utilities
 
56

 
56

 

 

Financials
 
35

 
35

 

 

Healthcare
 
42

 
42

 

 

Industrials
 
69

 
69

 

 

Information technology
 
130

 
130

 

 

Materials
 
21

 
21

 

 

Exchange traded funds
 
128

 
128

 

 

Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasuries
 
329

 
329

 

 

Corporate - investment grade
 
519

 

 
519

 

Foreign bonds
 
118

 

 
118

 

 
 

$2,507

 

$1,870

 

$637

 

$—

1Schedule does not include accrued income amounting to less than 0.6% of total plan assets.


As of December 31, 2011, there were no level 3 plan assets. The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of level 3 plan assets for the year ended December 31, 2010:
(Dollars in millions)
 
Fixed Income
Securities - Corporate
Investment Grade
 
Fixed Income
Securities - Corporate
Non-investment
 
Fixed Income
Securities - Foreign
Bonds
Balance as of January 1, 2010
 

$82

 

$26

 

$38

Purchases/(sales)
 
(1
)
 
(26
)
 
(18
)
Realized gain
 
6

 
4

 
4

Unrealized loss
 
(2
)
 
(4
)
 
(2
)
Transfers out of level 3
 
(85
)
 

 
(22
)
Balance as of December 31, 2010
 

$—

 

$—

 

$—



36

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The following tables set forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, plan assets related to Other Postretirement Benefits at fair value as of December 31, 2011 and 2010:
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
Fair Value
Measurements as of
December 31, 2011 1
Assets Measured
at Fair Value as
of December 31,
2011
 
Quoted Prices In
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Mutual funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Large cap fund
 

$37

 

$37

 

$—

 

$—

Investment grade tax-exempt bond
 
25

 
25

 

 

International fund
 
6

 
6

 

 

Common and collective funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SunTrust Reserve Fund
 
1

 

 
1

 

SunTrust Equity Fund
 
37

 

 
37

 

SunTrust Georgia Tax-Free Fund
 
26

 

 
26

 

SunTrust National Tax-Free Fund
 
17

 

 
17

 

SunTrust Aggregate Fixed Income Fund
 
7

 

 
7

 

SunTrust Short-Term Bond Fund
 
5

 

 
5

 

 
 

$161

 

$68

 

$93

 

$—

1 Schedule does not include accrued income.
(Dollars in millions)
 
Assets Measured
at Fair Value as
of December 31,
2010
 
Fair Value
Measurements as of
December 31, 20101
Quoted Prices In
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Mutual funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Large cap fund
 

$39

 

$39

 

$—

 

$—

Investment grade tax-exempt bond
 
24

 
24

 

 

International fund
 
7

 
7

 

 

Common and collective funds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SunTrust Reserve Fund
 
2

 

 
2

 

SunTrust Equity Fund
 
38

 

 
38

 

SunTrust Georgia Tax-Free Fund
 
26

 

 
26

 

SunTrust National Tax-Free Fund
 
17

 

 
17

 

SunTrust Aggregate Fixed Income Fund
 
7

 

 
7

 

SunTrust Short-Term Bond Fund
 
5

 

 
5

 

 
 

$165

 

$70

 

$95

 

$—

1 Schedule does not include accrued income.
The SunTrust Benefits Finance Committee, which includes several members of senior management, establishes investment policies and strategies and formally monitors the performance of the funds on a quarterly basis. The Company’s investment strategy with respect to pension assets is to invest the assets in accordance with ERISA and related fiduciary standards. The long-term primary investment objectives for the Pension Plans are to provide for a reasonable amount of long-term growth of capital (both principal and income) without undue exposure to risk in any single asset class or investment category and to enable the plans to provide their specific benefits to participants thereof. The objectives are accomplished utilizing a strategy of equities, fixed income, and cash equivalents in a mix that is conducive to participation in a rising market while allowing for protection in a declining market. The portfolio is viewed as long-term in its entirety, avoiding decisions based solely on short-term concerns and individual investments. The objective in the allocation of assets is diversification of investments among asset classes that are not similarly affected by economic, political, or social developments. The diversification does not necessarily depend upon the number of industries or companies in a portfolio or their particular location, but rather upon the broad nature of such investments and of the

37

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


factors that may influence them. To ensure broad diversification in the long-term investment portfolios among the major categories of investments, asset allocation, as a percent of the total market value of the total long-term portfolio, is set with the target percentages and ranges presented in the investment policy statement. Rebalancing occurs on a periodic basis to maintain the target allocation, but normal market activity may result in deviations. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, there was no SunTrust common stock held in the Pension Plans, nor were there any purchases during 2011 or 2010.
The basis for determining the overall expected long-term rate of return on plan assets considers past experience, current market conditions and expectations on future trends. A building block approach is used that considers long-term inflation, real returns, equity risk premiums, target asset allocations, market corrections (for example, narrowing of fixed income spreads between corporate bonds and U.S. Treasuries) and expenses. Capital market simulations from internal and external sources, survey data, economic forecasts and actuarial judgment are all used in this process.
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the SunTrust Retirement Plan for Inactive Participants was 7.75% in 2011 and 8.00% in 2010. For the SunTrust Retirement Plan and the NCF Retirement Plan, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets was 7.75% through November 14, 2011 and 7.25% for the remainder of the year in 2011, and 8.00% in 2010. The expected long-term rate of return is 7.00% for all qualified plans for 2012. The asset allocation for the Pension Plans and the target allocation by asset category are as follows:
 
 
Target
Allocation1
 
Percentage of Plan Assets
at December 312
Asset Category
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Equity securities
 
50-75
%
 
61
%
 
60
%
Debt securities
 
25-50
 
 
37

 
39

Cash equivalents
 
0-5
 
 
2

 
1

Total
 
 
 
 
100
%
 
100
%
1 
SunTrust Pension Plan only.
2 
SunTrust and NCF Pension Plans.

The investment strategy for the Other Postretirement Benefit Plans is maintained separately from the strategy for the Pension Plans. The Company’s investment strategy is to create a series of investment returns sufficient to provide for current and future liabilities at a reasonable level of risk. Assets are diversified among equity and fixed income investments according to the asset mix approved by the SunTrust Benefits Finance Committee which is presented in the target allocation table below. The pre-tax expected long-term rate of return on these plan assets was 6.75% in 2011 and 2010. The 2012 pre-tax expected long-term rate of return is 6.25%. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, there was no common stock held in the Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, nor were there any purchases during 2011 or 2010.


The asset allocation for Other Postretirement Benefit Plans and the target allocation, by asset category, are as follows:
 
 
 
Target
Allocation
 
Percentage of Plan Assets
as of December 31
Asset Category
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Equity securities
 
35-50
%
 
50
%
 
51
%
Debt securities
 
50-65
 
 
50

 
48

Cash equivalents
 
 
 
 

 
1

Total
 
 
 
 
100
%
 
100
%


38

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Funded Status
The funded status of the plans, as of December 31, was as follows:
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits    
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Fair value of plan assets
 

$2,550

 

$2,522

 

$161

 

$165

Benefit obligations 1
 
(2,661
)
 
(2,261
)
 
(173
)
 
(189
)
Funded status
 

($111
)
 

$261

 

($12
)
 

($24
)
1Includes $107 million of benefit obligations for the unfunded nonqualified supplemental pension plans.


At December 31, 2011, the total outstanding unrecognized net loss to be recognized in future years for all pension and postretirement benefits was $1.1 billion, compared to $0.8 billion as of December 31, 2010. The key sources of the cumulative net losses are attributable to lower discount rates for the past several years and lower return on assets, predominantly in 2008. As discussed previously, SunTrust reviews its assumptions annually to ensure they represent the best estimates for the future and will, therefore, minimize future gains and losses.
As of December 31, amounts recognized in AOCI are as follows:
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other  Postretirement
Benefits
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Net actuarial loss
 

$1,108

 

$770

 

$17

 

$34

Prior service credit
 

 
(105
)
 

 

Total AOCI, pre-tax
 

$1,108

 

$665

 

$17

 

$34


Expected Cash Flows
Information about the expected cash flows for the Pension Benefit and Other Postretirement Benefit plans is as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension
Benefits1,2
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits (excluding
  Medicare Subsidy) 3
 
Value to Company
of Expected
Medicare Subsidy
Employer Contributions
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012 (expected) to plan trusts
 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

2012 (expected) to plan participants
 
28

 

 
(3
)
Expected Benefit Payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012
 
182

 
16

 
(3
)
2013
 
159

 
16

 
(1
)
2014
 
158

 
16

 
(1
)
2015
 
156

 
15

 
(1
)
2016
 
154

 
14

 
(1
)
2017-2021
 
774

 
60

 
(6
)
1 
At this time, SunTrust anticipates contributions to the Retirement Plan will be permitted (but not required) during 2012 based on the funded status of the Plan and contribution limitations under the ERISA.
2 
The expected benefit payments for the SERP will be paid directly from SunTrust corporate assets.
3 
The 2012 expected contribution for the Other Postretirement Benefits Plans represents the Medicare Part D subsidy only. Note that expected benefits under Other Postretirement Benefits Plans are shown net of participant contributions.
 

39

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Net Periodic Cost
Components of net periodic benefit cost were as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Service cost

$62

 

$69

 

$64

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 
Interest cost
128

 
129

 
120

 
9

 
10

 
12

 
Expected return on plan assets
(188
)
 
(183
)
 
(149
)
 
(7
)
 
(7
)
 
(7
)
 
Amortization of prior service credit
(16
)
 
(11
)
 
(11
)
 

 
(1
)
 
(2
)
 
Recognized net actuarial loss
39

 
62

 
112

 
1

 
1

 
19

 
Curtailment gain
(88
)
 

 

 

 

 

 
Other

 

 
5

 

 

 

 
Net periodic (benefit)/cost

($63
)
 

$66

 

$141

 

$3

 

$3

 

$22

 
Weighted average assumptions used to determine net cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate1
5.59
%
3 
6.32
%
 
6.58
%
1 
5.10
%
 
5.70
%
 
5.95
%
 
Expected return on plan assets
7.72

4 
8.00

 
8.00

 
4.39

2 
4.39

2 
5.30

2 
Rate of compensation increase
4.00

 
4.00

 
4.00/4.50 

 
N/A

 
N/A 

 
N/A 

 
1 
Interim remeasurement was required on April 30, 2009 for the SunTrust Pension Plan due to plan changes adopted at that time. The discount rate as of the remeasurement date was selected based on the economic environment on that date.
2 
The weighted average shown for the Other Postretirement Benefit plan is determined on an after-tax basis.
3 
Interim remeasurement was required on November 14, 2011 due to plan changes adopted at that time. The discount rate as of the remeasurement date was selected based on economic conditions on that date.
4 
As part of the interim remeasurement on November 14, 2011, the expected return on plan assets was reduced from 7.75% to 7.25% for the SunTrust Pension Plan and the NCF Retirement Plan.
 

Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in OCI during 2011 are as follows:
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension
Benefits
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits
Current year actuarial loss/(gain)
 

$473

 

($16
)
Recognition of actuarial loss
 
(39
)
 
(1
)
Amortization of prior service credit
 
105

 

Curtailment effects
 
(96
)
 

Total recognized in OCI, pre-tax
 

$443

 

($17
)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and OCI, pre-tax
 

$380

 

($14
)

The estimated actuarial loss that will be amortized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost in 2012 is $24 million.

Additionally, SunTrust sets pension asset values equal to their market value, in contrast to the use of a smoothed asset value that incorporates gains and losses over a period of years. Utilization of market value of assets provides a more realistic economic measure of the plan’s funded status and cost. Assumed discount rates and expected returns on plan assets affect the amounts of net periodic benefit cost. A 25 basis point decrease in the discount rate or expected long-term return on plan assets would increase all Pension and Other Postretirement Plans’ net periodic benefit cost approximately less than $1 million and $6 million, respectively.
Assumed healthcare cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the Other Postretirement Benefit plans. As of December 31, 2011, SunTrust assumed that pre-65 retiree health care costs will increase at an initial rate of 9.00% per year. SunTrust assumed a healthcare cost trend that recognizes expected inflation, technology advancements, rising cost of prescription drugs, regulatory requirements and Medicare cost shifting. SunTrust expects this annual cost increase to decrease over a 7-year period to 5.00% per year. As of December 31, 2011, SunTrust assumed that post-65 retiree health costs will increase at an initial rate of 8.00% per year. SunTrust expects this annual cost increase to decrease over a 5-year period to 5.00% per year.

40

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Due to changing medical inflation, it is important to understand the effect of a one-percent point change in assumed healthcare cost trend rates. These amounts are shown below:
(Dollars in millions)
 
1% Increase
 
1% Decrease
Effect on Other Postretirement Benefit obligation
 

$11

 

$10

Effect on total service and interest cost
 
1

 
1


NOTE 17 - DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company enters into various derivative financial instruments, both in a dealer capacity to facilitate client transactions and as an end user as a risk management tool. When derivatives have been entered into with clients, the Company generally manages the risk associated with these derivatives within the framework of its VAR approach that monitors total exposure daily and seeks to manage the exposure on an overall basis. Derivatives are used as a risk management tool to hedge the Company’s balance sheet exposure to changes in identified cash flow and fair value risks, either economically or in accordance with hedge accounting provisions. The Company’s Corporate Treasury function is responsible for employing the various hedge accounting strategies to manage these objectives and all derivative activities are monitored by ALCO. The Company may also enter into derivatives, on a limited basis, in consideration of trading opportunities in the market. Additionally, as a normal part of its operations, the Company enters into IRLCs on mortgage loans that are accounted for as freestanding derivatives and has certain contracts containing embedded derivatives that are carried, in their entirety, at fair value. All freestanding derivatives and any embedded derivatives that the Company bifurcates from the host contracts are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in trading assets, other assets, trading liabilities, or other liabilities. The associated gains and losses are either recognized in AOCI, net of tax, or within the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) depending upon the use and designation of the derivatives.

Credit and Market Risk Associated with Derivatives
Derivatives expose the Company to credit risk. The Company minimizes the credit risk of derivatives by entering into transactions with high credit-quality counterparties with defined exposure limits that are reviewed periodically by the Company’s Credit Risk Management division. The Company’s derivatives may also be governed by an ISDA, and depending on the nature of the derivative, bilateral collateral agreements are typically in place as well. When the Company has more than one outstanding derivative transaction with a single counterparty and there exists a legally enforceable master netting agreement with that counterparty, the Company considers its exposure to the counterparty to be the net market value of all positions with that counterparty, if such net value is an asset to the Company, and zero, if such net value is a liability to the Company. As of December 31, 2011, net derivative asset positions to which the Company was exposed to risk of its counterparties were $2.4 billion, representing the net of $3.6 billion in net derivative gains, offset by counterparty where formal netting arrangements exist, adjusted for collateral of $1.2 billion that the Company holds in relation to these gain positions. As of December 31, 2010, net derivative asset positions to which the Company was exposed to risk of its counterparties were $1.6 billion, representing the net of $2.8 billion in net derivative gains by counterparty, offset by counterparty where formal netting arrangements exist, adjusted for collateral of $1.2 billion that the Company holds in relation to these gain positions.
Derivatives also expose the Company to market risk. Market risk is the adverse effect that a change in market factors, such as interest rates, currency rates, equity prices, or implied volatility, has on the value of a derivative. The Company manages the market risk associated with its derivatives by establishing and monitoring limits on the types and degree of risk that may be undertaken. The Company continually measures this risk associated with its derivatives designated as trading instruments using a VAR methodology.
Derivative instruments are primarily transacted in the institutional dealer market and priced with observable market assumptions at a mid-market valuation point, with appropriate valuation adjustments for liquidity and credit risk. For purposes of valuation adjustments to its derivative positions, the Company has evaluated liquidity premiums that may be demanded by market participants, as well as the credit risk of its counterparties and its own credit. The Company has considered factors such as the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties, its net exposures, and remaining maturities in determining the appropriate fair value adjustments to recognize. Generally, the expected loss of each counterparty is estimated using the Company’s proprietary internal risk rating system. The risk rating system utilizes counterparty-specific probabilities of default and LGD estimates to derive the expected loss. For counterparties that are rated by national rating agencies, those ratings are also considered in estimating the credit risk. Additionally, counterparty exposure is evaluated by offsetting positions that are subject to master netting arrangements, as well as considering the amount of marketable collateral securing the position. All counterparties are explicitly approved, as are defined exposure limits. Counterparties are regularly reviewed and appropriate business action is taken to adjust the exposure to certain counterparties, as necessary. This approach is also used by the Company to estimate its own credit risk on derivative liability positions. The Company adjusted the net fair value of its derivative contracts for estimates of net counterparty credit risk by approximately $36 million and $33 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

41

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The majority of the Company’s derivatives contain contingencies that relate to the creditworthiness of the Bank. These contingencies, which are contained in industry standard master trading agreements, may be considered events of default. Should the Bank be in default under any of these provisions, the Bank’s counterparties would be permitted under such master agreements to close-out net at amounts that would approximate the then-fair values of the derivatives and the offsetting of the amounts would produce a single sum due by one party to the other. The counterparties would have the right to apply any collateral posted by the Bank against any net amount owed by the Bank. Additionally, certain of the Company’s derivative liability positions, totaling $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion in fair value at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, contain provisions conditioned on downgrades of the Bank’s credit rating. These provisions, if triggered, would either give rise to an ATE that permits the counterparties to close-out net and apply collateral or, where a CSA is present, require the Bank to post additional collateral. Collateral posting requirements generally result from differences in the fair value of the net derivative liability compared to specified collateral thresholds at different ratings levels of the Bank, both of which are negotiated provisions within each CSA. At December 31, 2011, the Bank carried senior long-term debt ratings of A3/BBB+ from three of the major ratings agencies. At the current rating level, ATEs have been triggered for approximately $9 million in fair value liabilities as of December 31, 2011. For illustrative purposes, if the Bank were downgraded to Baa3/BBB-, ATEs would be triggered in derivative liability contracts that had a total fair value of $5 million at December 31, 2011, against which the Bank had posted collateral of $3 million; ATEs do not exist at lower ratings levels. At December 31, 2011, $1.2 billion in fair value of derivative liabilities were subject to CSAs, against which the Bank has posted $1.2 billion in collateral, primarily in the form of cash. If requested by the counterparty pursuant to the terms of the CSA, the Bank would be required to post estimated additional collateral against these contracts at December 31, 2011 of $16 million if the Bank were downgraded to Baa3/BBB-, and any further downgrades to Ba1/BB+ or below would require the posting of an additional $10 million. Such collateral posting amounts may be more or less than the Bank’s estimates based on the specified terms of each CSA as to the timing of a collateral calculation and whether the Bank and its counterparties differ on their estimates of the fair values of the derivatives or collateral.

Notional and Fair Value of Derivative Positions
The following tables present the Company’s derivative positions at December 31, 2011 and 2010. The notional amounts in the tables are presented on a gross basis and have been classified within Asset Derivatives or Liability Derivatives based on the estimated fair value of the individual contract at December 31, 2011 and 2010. Gross positive and gross negative fair value amounts associated with respective notional amounts are presented without consideration of any netting agreements. For contracts constituting a combination of options that contain a written option and a purchased option (such as a collar), the notional amount of each option is presented separately, with the purchased notional amount generally being presented as an Asset Derivative and the written notional amount being presented as a Liability Derivative. The fair value of a combination of options is generally presented as a single value with the purchased notional amount if the combined fair value is positive, and with the written notional amount, if the combined fair value is negative.


42

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
As of December 31, 20111
 
 
Asset Derivatives
 
Liability Derivatives
 
(Dollars in millions)
Balance Sheet    
Classification
 
Notional
Amounts    
 
Fair
Value    
 
Balance Sheet    
Classification
 
Notional
Amounts    
 
Fair
Value    
 
Derivatives designated in cash flow hedging relationships 2
Equity contracts hedging:
Securities AFS
Trading assets
 

$1,547

  

$—

 
Trading liabilities
 

$1,547

  

$189

  
Interest rate contracts hedging:
Floating rate loans
Trading assets
 
14,850

  
1,057

 
Trading liabilities
 

  

  
Total
 
 
16,397

  
1,057

 
 
 
1,547

  
189

  
Derivatives designated in fair value hedging relationships 3
Interest rate contracts covering:
Securities AFS
Trading assets
 

 

 
Trading liabilities
 
450

 
1

  
Fixed rate debt
Trading assets
 
1,000

 
56

 
Trading liabilities
 

 

  
Total
 
 
1,000

 
56

 
 
 
450

 
1

  
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 4
Interest rate contracts covering:
Fixed rate debt
Trading assets
 
437

  
13

 
Trading liabilities
 
60

  
9

  
MSRs
Other assets
 
28,800

  
472

 
Other liabilities
 
2,920

  
29

  
LHFS, IRLCs, LHFI-FV
Other assets
 
2,657

 
19

 
Other liabilities
 
6,228

5 
54

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
113,420

6 

6,226

 
Trading liabilities
 
101,042

  
5,847

  
Foreign exchange rate contracts covering:
Foreign-denominated debt and commercial loans
Trading assets
 
33

  
1

 
Trading liabilities
 
460

  
129

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
2,532

  
127

 
Trading liabilities
 
2,739

  
125

  
Credit contracts covering:
Loans
Trading assets
 
45

  
1

 
Trading liabilities
 
308

  
3

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
1,841

7 

28

 
Trading liabilities
 
1,809

7 
23

  
Equity contracts - Trading activity
Trading assets
 
10,168

6 

1,013

 
Trading liabilities
 
10,445

  
1,045

  
Other contracts:
IRLCs and other
Other assets
 
4,909

  
84

 
Other liabilities
 
139

8 
22

8 
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
207

  
23

 
Trading liabilities
 
203

  
23

  
Total
 
 
165,049

  
8,007

 
 
 
126,353

  
7,309

  

Total derivatives
 
 

$182,446

  

$9,120

 
 
 

$128,350

  

$7,499

  
1 During 2011, the Company began offsetting cash collateral paid to and received from derivative counterparties when the derivative contracts are subject to ISDA master netting arrangements and meet the derivatives accounting requirements. The effects of offsetting on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 are presented in Note 19, "Fair Value Election and Measurement."
2 See “Cash Flow Hedges” in this Note for further discussion.
3 See “Fair Value Hedges” in this Note for further discussion.
4 See “Economic Hedging and Trading Activities” in this Note for further discussion.
5 Amount includes $1.2 billion of notional amounts related to interest rate futures. These futures contracts settle in cash daily and therefore, no derivative asset or liability is recognized.
6 Amounts include $16.7 billion and $0.6 billion of notional related to interest rate futures and equity futures, respectively. These futures contracts settle in cash daily and therefore, no derivative asset or liability is recognized.
7 Asset and liability amounts include $2 million and $6 million, respectively, of notional from purchased and written credit risk participation agreements, respectively, which notional is calculated as the notional of the derivative participated adjusted by the relevant RWA conversion factor.
8 Includes a $22 million derivative liability recognized in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, related to a notional amount of $134 million. The notional amount is based on the number of Visa Class B shares, 3.2 million, the conversion ratio from Class B shares to Class A shares, and the Class A share price at the derivative inception date of May 28, 2009. This derivative was established upon the sale of Class B shares in the second quarter of 2009 as discussed in Note 18, “Reinsurance Arrangements and Guarantees.”



43

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
As of December 31, 2010
 
 
Asset Derivatives
 
Liability Derivatives
 
(Dollars in millions)
Balance Sheet
Classification    
 
Notional
Amounts    
 
Fair
Value    
 
Balance Sheet
Classification
 
Notional
Amounts    
 
Fair
Value    
 
Derivatives designated in cash flow hedging relationships 1
Equity contracts hedging:
Securities AFS
Trading assets
 

$1,547

  

$—

 
Trading liabilities
 

$1,547

  

$145

  
Interest rate contracts hedging:
Floating rate loans
Trading assets
 
15,350

  
947

 
Trading liabilities
 
500

  
10

  
Total
 
 
16,897

 
947

 
 
 
2,047

 
155

  
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 2
Interest rate contracts covering:
Fixed rate debt
Trading assets
 
1,273

  
41

 
Trading liabilities
 
60

  
4

  
Corporate bonds and loans
 
 

  

 
Trading liabilities
 
5

  

  
MSRs
Other assets
 
20,474

  
152

 
Other liabilities
 
6,480

  
73

  
LHFS, IRLCs, LHFI-FV
Other assets
 
7,269

3 
92

 
Other liabilities
 
2,383

  
20

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
132,286

4 
4,211

 
Trading liabilities
 
105,926

  
3,884

  
Foreign exchange rate contracts covering:
Foreign-denominated debt and commercial loans
Trading assets
 
1,083

   
17

 
Trading liabilities
 
495

  
128

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
2,691

   
92

 
Trading liabilities
 
2,818

  
91

  
Credit contracts covering:
Loans
Trading assets
 
15

   

 
Trading liabilities
 
227

  
2

  
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
1,094

5 
39

 
Trading liabilities
 
1,039

5 
34

  
Equity contracts - Trading activity
Trading assets
 
5,010

4 
583

 
Trading liabilities
 
8,012

   
730

  
Other contracts:
IRLCs and other
Other assets
 
2,169

  
18

 
Other liabilities
 
2,196

6 
42

6 
Trading activity
Trading assets
 
111

  
11

 
Trading liabilities
 
111

   
11

  
Total
 
 
173,475

 
5,256

 
 
 
129,752

 
5,019

  
Total derivatives
 
 

$190,372

 

$6,203

 
 
 

$131,799

 

$5,174

  
1 See “Cash Flow Hedges” in this Note for further discussion.
2 See “Economic Hedging and Trading Activities” in this Note for further discussion.
3 Amount includes $1.4 billion of notional amounts related to interest rate futures. These futures contracts settle in cash daily and therefore, no derivative asset or liability is recognized.
4 Amounts include $25.0 billion and $0.5 billion of notional related to interest rate futures and equity futures, respectively. These futures contracts settle in cash daily and therefore, no derivative asset or liability is recognized.
5 Asset and liability amounts include $1 million and $8 million, respectively, of notional from purchased and written interest rate swap risk participation agreements, respectively, which notional is calculated as the notional of the interest rate swap participated adjusted by the relevant RWA conversion factor.
6 Includes a $23 million derivative liability recognized in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, related to a notional amount of $134 million. The notional amount is based on the number of Visa Class B shares, 3.2 million, the conversion ratio from Class B shares to Class A shares, and the Class A share price at the derivative inception date of May 28, 2009. This derivative was established upon the sale of Class B shares in the second quarter of 2009 as discussed in Note 18, “Reinsurance Arrangements and Guarantees.”

44

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



Impact of Derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and Shareholders’ Equity
The impacts of derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 are presented below. The impacts are segregated between those derivatives that are designated in hedging relationships and those that are used for economic hedging or trading purposes, with further identification of the underlying risks in the derivatives and the hedged items, where appropriate. The tables do not disclose the financial impact of the activities that these derivative instruments are intended to hedge, for both economic hedges and those instruments designated in formal, qualifying hedging relationships. 
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Amount of pre-tax gain/(loss)    
recognized in
OCI on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)
 
Classification of gain
reclassified from    
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Amount of pre-tax gain    
reclassified from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
1
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
Equity contracts hedging Securities AFS

($46
)
 
 
 

$—

Interest rate contracts hedging Floating rate loans
730

 
Interest and fees on loans
 
423

Total

$684

 
 
 

$423

1 During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company also reclassified $202 million in pre-tax gains from AOCI into net interest income. These gains related to hedging relationships that have been previously terminated or de-designated.

 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Amount of gain
on Derivatives
recognized in Income
 
Amount of loss
on related Hedged Items
recognized in Income
 
Amount of loss
recognized in Income on Hedges
(Ineffective Portion)
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships1
Interest rate contracts hedging Fixed rate debt

$51

 

($52
)
 

($1
)
1 Amounts are recognized in trading income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
 
(Dollars in millions)
Classification of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income on Derivatives
 
Amount of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income
on Derivatives for the
Year Ended
December 31, 2011
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Fixed rate debt
Trading income/(loss)
 

($5
)
MSRs
Mortgage servicing related income
 
572

LHFS, IRLCs, LHFI-FV
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
(281
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
113

Foreign exchange rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Foreign-denominated debt and commercial loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(4
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
18

Credit contracts covering:
 
 
 
Loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(1
)
Other
Trading income/(loss)
 
15

Equity contracts - trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
(3
)
Other contracts:
 
 
 
IRLCs
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
355

Total
 
 

$779




45

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The impacts of derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2010 are presented below:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)
Amount of pre-tax gain
recognized in
OCI on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)
 
Classification of gain
reclassified from    
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Amount of pre-tax gain    
reclassified from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion) 1
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
Equity contracts hedging Securities AFS

($101
)
 
 
 

$—

Interest rate contracts hedging Floating rate loans
903

 
Interest and fees on loans
 
487

Total

$802

 
 
 

$487

1 During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company also reclassified $130 million in pre-tax gains from AOCI into net interest income. These gains related to hedging relationships that have been previously terminated or de-designated.
 
(Dollars in millions)
Classification of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income on Derivatives
 
Amount of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income
on Derivatives for the
Year Ended
December 30, 2010
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Fixed rate debt
Trading income/(loss)
 

($64
)
Corporate bonds and loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(1
)
MSRs
Mortgage servicing related income
 
444

LHFS, IRLCs, LHFI-FV
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
(176
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
304

Foreign exchange rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Foreign-denominated debt and commercial loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(94
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
7

Credit contracts covering:
 
 
 
Loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(2
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
10

Equity contracts - trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
(53
)
Other contracts:
 
 
 
IRLCs
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
392

Total
 
 

$767


The impacts of derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) and the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the year ended December 31, 2009 are presented below:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2009
(Dollars in millions)
Amount of pre-tax gain/(loss)
recognized in
OCI on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)
 
Classification of gain/(loss)
reclassified from    
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)
 
Amount of pre-tax gain/(loss)reclassified from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion) 1
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships
Equity contracts hedging Securities AFS

($296
)
 
 
 

$—

Interest rate contracts hedging:
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate loans
99

 
Interest and fees on loans
 
503

Floating rate CDs
(1
)
 
Interest on deposits
 
(47
)
Floating rate debt

 
Interest on long-term debt
 
(1
)
Total

($198
)
 
 
 

$455

1 During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company reclassified $31 million in pre-tax gains from AOCI into net interest income. These gains related to hedging relationships that have been previously terminated or de-designated.
 

46

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


(Dollars in millions)
Classification of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income on Derivatives
 
Amount of gain/(loss)
recognized in Income
on Derivatives for the
Year Ended
December 31, 2009
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Fixed rate debt
Trading income/(loss)
 

($61
)
Corporate bonds and loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
7

MSRs
Mortgage servicing related income
 
(88
)
LHFS, IRLCs, LHFI-FV
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
(75
)
Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
46

Foreign exchange rate contracts covering:
 
 
 
Foreign-denominated debt and commercial loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
72

Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
(4
)
Credit contracts covering:
 
 
 
Loans
Trading income/(loss)
 
(20
)
Equity contracts - trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
23

Other contracts:
 
 
 
IRLCs
Mortgage production related (loss)/income
 
630

Trading activity
Trading income/(loss)
 
3

Total
 
 

$533


Credit Derivatives
As part of its trading businesses, the Company enters into contracts that are, in form or substance, written guarantees: specifically, CDS, swap participations, and TRS. The Company accounts for these contracts as derivatives and, accordingly, recognizes these contracts at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in trading income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
The Company writes CDS, which are agreements under which the Company receives premium payments from its counterparty for protection against an event of default of a reference asset. In the event of default under the CDS, the Company would either net cash settle or make a cash payment to its counterparty and take delivery of the defaulted reference asset, from which the Company may recover all, a portion, or none of the credit loss, depending on the performance of the reference asset. Events of default, as defined in the CDS agreements, are generally triggered upon the failure to pay and similar events related to the issuer(s) of the reference asset. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, all written CDS contracts reference single name corporate credits or corporate credit indices. When the Company has written CDS, it has generally entered into offsetting CDS for the underlying reference asset, under which the Company paid a premium to its counterparty for protection against an event of default on the reference asset. The counterparties to these purchased CDS are generally of high creditworthiness and typically have ISDA master agreements in place that subject the CDS to master netting provisions, thereby mitigating the risk of non-payment to the Company. As such, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not have any significant risk of making a non-recoverable payment on any written CDS. During 2011 and 2010, the only instances of default on written CDS were driven by credit indices with constituent credit default. In all cases where the Company made resulting cash payments to settle, the Company collected like amounts from the counterparties to the offsetting purchased CDS. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the written CDS had remaining terms ranging from one year to nine years and two months to five years, respectively. The maximum guarantees outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 2010, as measured by the gross notional amounts of written CDS, were $167 million and $99 million, respectively. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the gross notional amounts of purchased CDS contracts, which represent benefits to, rather than obligations of, the Company, were $175 million and $87 million, respectively. The fair values of written CDS were $4 million and $3 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010 and the fair values of purchased CDS were $6 million and less than $1 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010.
The Company writes risk participations, which are credit derivatives, whereby the Company has guaranteed payment to a dealer counterparty in the event that the counterparty experiences a loss on a derivative, such as an interest rate swap, due to a failure to pay by the counterparty’s customer (the “obligor”) on that derivative. The Company monitors its payment risk on its risk participations by monitoring the creditworthiness of the obligors, which is based on the normal credit review process the Company would have performed had it entered into the derivatives directly with the obligors. The obligors are all corporations or partnerships. However, the Company continues to monitor the creditworthiness of its obligors and the likelihood of payment could change at

47

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


any time due to unforeseen circumstances. To date, no material losses have been incurred related to the Company’s written risk participations. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the remaining terms on these risk participations generally ranged from one month to seven years and one month to eight years, respectively, with a weighted average on the maximum estimated exposure of 3.5 years and 3.1 years, respectively. The Company’s maximum estimated exposure to written risk participations, as measured by projecting a maximum value of the guaranteed derivative instruments based on interest rate curve simulations and assuming 100% default by all obligors on the maximum values, was approximately $57 million and $74 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The fair values of the written risk participations were not material at both December 31, 2011 and 2010. As part of its trading activities, the Company may enter into purchased risk participations, but such activity is not matched, as discussed herein related to CDS or TRS.
The Company has also entered into TRS contracts on loans. The Company’s TRS business consists of matched trades, such that when the Company pays depreciation on one TRS, it receives the same amount on the matched TRS. As such, the Company does not have any long or short exposure, other than credit risk of its counterparty which is mitigated through collateralization. The Company typically receives initial cash collateral from the counterparty upon entering into the TRS and is entitled to additional collateral if the fair value of the underlying reference assets deteriorate. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, there were $1.6 billion and $969 million of outstanding and offsetting TRS notional balances, respectively. The fair values of the TRS derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2011 were $20 million and $17 million, respectively, and related collateral held at December 31, 2011 was $285 million. The fair values of the TRS derivative assets and liabilities at December 31, 2010 were $34 million and $32 million, respectively, and related collateral held at December 31, 2010 was $268 million.

Cash Flow Hedges
The Company utilizes a comprehensive risk management strategy to monitor sensitivity of earnings to movements in interest rates. Specific types of funding and principal amounts hedged are determined based on prevailing market conditions and the shape of the yield curve. In conjunction with this strategy, the Company may employ various interest rate derivatives as risk management tools to hedge interest rate risk from recognized assets and liabilities or from forecasted transactions. The terms and notional amounts of derivatives are determined based on management’s assessment of future interest rates, as well as other factors. At December 31, 2011, the Company’s outstanding interest rate hedging relationships include interest rate swaps that have been designated as cash flow hedges of probable forecasted transactions related to recognized floating rate loans.
Interest rate swaps have been designated as hedging the exposure to the benchmark interest rate risk associated with floating rate loans. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the maximum range of hedge maturities for hedges of floating rate loans was one to six years, with the weighted average being 3.4 years and 3.5 years, respectively. Ineffectiveness on these hedges was not material during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. As of December 31, 2011, $304 million, net of tax, of the deferred net gains on derivatives that are recognized in AOCI are expected to be reclassified to net interest income over the next twelve months in connection with the recognition of interest income on these hedged items.
During the third quarter of 2008, the Company executed The Agreements on 30 million common shares of Coke. A consolidated subsidiary of SunTrust owns 22.9 million Coke common shares and a consolidated subsidiary of the Bank owns 7.1 million Coke common shares. These two subsidiaries entered into separate derivative contracts on their respective holdings of Coke common shares with a large, unaffiliated financial institution (the “Counterparty”). Execution of The Agreements (including the pledges of the Coke common shares pursuant to the terms of The Agreements) did not constitute a sale of the Coke common shares under U.S. GAAP for several reasons, including that ownership of the common shares was not legally transferred to the Counterparty. The Agreements were zero-cost equity collars at inception, which caused the Agreements to be derivatives in their entirety. The Company has designated The Agreements as cash flow hedges of the Company’s probable forecasted sales of its Coke common shares, which are expected to occur between 6.5 years and 7 years from The Agreements’ effective date, for overall price volatility below the strike prices on the floor (purchased put) and above the strike prices on the ceiling (written call). Although the Company is not required to deliver its Coke common shares under The Agreements, the Company has asserted that it is probable that it will sell all of its Coke common shares at or around the settlement date of The Agreements. The Federal Reserve’s approval for Tier 1 capital treatment was significantly based on this expected disposition of the Coke common shares under The Agreements or in another market transaction. Both the sale and the timing of such sale remain probable to occur as designated. At least quarterly, the Company assesses hedge effectiveness and measures hedge ineffectiveness with the effective portion of the changes in fair value of The Agreements recognized in AOCI and any ineffective portions recognized in trading income/(loss). None of the components of The Agreements’ fair values are excluded from the Company’s assessments of hedge effectiveness. Potential sources of ineffectiveness include changes in market dividends and certain early termination provisions. The Company recognized ineffectiveness gains of $2 million during both years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. Ineffectiveness gains were recognized in trading income/(loss). Other than potential measured hedge ineffectiveness, no amounts are expected to be reclassified from AOCI over the next twelve months and any remaining amounts recognized in AOCI will be reclassified to earnings when the probable forecasted sales of the Coke common shares occur.


48

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Fair Value Hedges
During 2011, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements, as part of the Company’s risk management objectives for hedging its exposure to changes in fair value due to changes in interest rates. These hedging arrangements include converting Company issued fixed rate senior long-term debt and fixed rate U.S. Treasury securities AFS to floating rates. Consistent with this objective, the Company reflects the accrued contractual interest on the hedged item and the related swaps as part of current period interest. There were no components of derivative gains or losses excluded in the Company’s assessment of hedge effectiveness related to the fair value hedges.

Economic Hedging and Trading Activities
In addition to designated hedging relationships, the Company also enters into derivatives as an end user as a risk management tool to economically hedge risks associated with certain non-derivative and derivative instruments, along with entering into derivatives in a trading capacity with its clients.
The primary risks that the Company economically hedges are interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, and credit risk. Economic hedging objectives are accomplished by entering into offsetting derivatives either on an individual basis, or collectively on a macro basis, and generally accomplish the Company’s goal of mitigating the targeted risk. To the extent that specific derivatives are associated with specific hedged items, the notional amounts, fair values, and gains/(losses) on the derivatives are illustrated in the tables in this footnote.
The Company utilizes interest rate derivatives to mitigate exposures from various instruments.
The Company is subject to interest rate risk on its fixed rate debt. As market interest rates move, the fair value of the Company’s debt is affected. To protect against this risk on certain debt issuances that the Company has elected to carry at fair value, the Company has entered into pay variable-receive fixed interest rate swaps that decrease in value in a rising rate environment and increase in value in a declining rate environment.
The Company is exposed to risk on the returns of certain of its brokered deposits that are carried at fair value. To hedge against this risk, the Company has entered into interest rate derivatives that mirror the risk profile of the returns on these instruments.
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk associated with MSRs, which the Company hedges with a combination of mortgage and interest rate derivatives, including forward and option contracts, futures, and forward rate agreements.
The Company enters into mortgage and interest rate derivatives, including forward contracts, futures, and option contracts to mitigate interest rate risk associated with IRLCs, mortgage LHFS, and mortgage LHFI reported at fair value.
The Company is exposed to foreign exchange rate risk associated with certain senior notes denominated in euros and pound sterling. This risk is economically hedged with cross currency swaps, which receive either euros or pound sterling and pay U.S. dollars. Interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) reflects only the contractual interest rate on the debt based on the average spot exchange rate during the applicable period, while fair value changes on the derivatives and valuation adjustments on the debt are both recognized within trading income/(loss).
The Company enters into CDS to hedge credit risk associated with certain loans held within its CIB line of business.
Trading activity, as illustrated in the tables within this footnote, primarily includes interest rate swaps, equity derivatives, CDS, futures, options and foreign currency contracts. These derivatives are entered into in a dealer capacity to facilitate client transactions or are utilized as a risk management tool by the Company as an end user in certain macro-hedging strategies. The macro-hedging strategies are focused on managing the Company’s overall interest rate risk exposure that is not otherwise hedged by derivatives or in connection with specific hedges and, therefore, the Company does not specifically associate individual derivatives with specific assets or liabilities.

NOTE 18 – REINSURANCE ARRANGEMENTS AND GUARANTEES
Reinsurance
The Company provides mortgage reinsurance on certain mortgage loans through contracts with several primary mortgage insurance companies. Under these contracts, the Company provides aggregate excess loss coverage in a mezzanine layer in exchange for a portion of the pool’s mortgage insurance premium. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $8.0 billion of mortgage loans were covered by such mortgage reinsurance contracts. The reinsurance contracts are intended to place limits on the Company’s maximum exposure to losses by defining the loss amounts ceded to the Company as well as by establishing trust accounts for each contract. The trust accounts, which are comprised of funds contributed by the Company plus premiums earned under the reinsurance contracts, are maintained to fund claims made under the reinsurance contracts. If claims exceed funds held in the trust accounts, the Company does not intend to make additional contributions beyond future premiums earned under the existing contracts.
At December 31, 2011, the total loss exposure ceded to the Company was approximately $309 million; however, the maximum amount of loss exposure based on funds held in each separate trust account, including net premiums due to the trust accounts, was limited to $42 million. Of this amount, $38 million of losses have been reserved for as of December 31, 2011, reducing the Company’s net remaining loss exposure to $4 million. The reinsurance reserve was $148 million as of December 31, 2010. The decrease in the reserve balance was due to claim payments made to the primary mortgage insurance companies since December 31, 2010, as well as the relinquishment of one trust during the second quarter of 2011. The Company’s evaluation of the required reserve amount includes an estimate of claims to be paid by the trust in relation to loans in default and an assessment of the sufficiency of future revenues, including premiums and investment income on funds held in the trusts, to cover future claims. Future reported losses may exceed $4 million, since future premium income will increase the amount of funds held in the trust; however, future cash losses, net of premium income, are not expected to exceed $4 million. The amount of future premium income is limited to the population of loans currently outstanding since additional loans are not being added to the reinsurance contracts; future premium income could be further curtailed to the extent the Company agrees to relinquish control of other individual trusts to the mortgage insurance companies. Premium income, which totaled $26 million, $38 million, and $48 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, is reported as part of noninterest income. The related provision for losses, which totaled $28 million, $27 million, and $115 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, is reported as part of other noninterest expense.

Guarantees
The Company has undertaken certain guarantee obligations in the ordinary course of business. The issuance of a guarantee imposes an obligation for the Company to stand ready to perform and should certain triggering events occur, it also imposes an obligation to make future payments. Payments may be in the form of cash, financial instruments, other assets, shares of stock, or provisions of the Company’s services. The following is a discussion of the guarantees that the Company has issued as of December 31, 2011. The Company has also entered into certain contracts that are similar to guarantees, but that are accounted for as derivatives (see Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments”).

Letters of Credit
Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company generally to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party in borrowing arrangements, such as CP, bond financing, and similar transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to clients and may be reduced by selling participations to third parties. The Company issues letters of credit that are classified as financial standby, performance standby, or commercial letters of credit.

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the maximum potential amount of the Company’s obligation was $5.2 billion and $6.4 billion, respectively, for financial and performance standby letters of credit. The Company has recorded $105 million and $109 million in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for unearned fees related to these letters of credit as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company’s outstanding letters of credit generally have a term of less than one year but may extend longer. If a letter of credit is drawn upon, the Company may seek recourse through the client’s underlying obligation. If the client’s line of credit is also in default, the Company may take possession of the collateral securing the line of credit, where applicable. The Company monitors its credit exposure under standby letters of credit in the same manner as it monitors other extensions of credit in accordance with credit policies. Some standby letters of credit are designed to be drawn upon and others are drawn upon only under circumstances of dispute or default in the underlying transaction to which the Company is not a party. In all cases, the Company holds the right to reimbursement from the applicant and may or may not also hold collateral to secure that right. An internal assessment of the PD and loss severity in the event of default is assessed consistent with the methodologies used for all commercial borrowers. The management of credit risk regarding letters of credit leverages the risk rating process to focus higher visibility on the higher risk and higher dollar letters of credit. The associated reserve is a component of the unfunded commitment reserve recorded in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets included in the allowance for credit losses as disclosed in Note 7, “Allowance for Credit Losses.”
Loan Sales
STM, a consolidated subsidiary of SunTrust, originates and purchases residential mortgage loans, a portion of which are sold to outside investors in the normal course of business, through a combination of whole loan sales to GSEs, Ginnie Mae, and non-agency investors. Prior to 2008, the Company also sold loans through a limited amount of Company sponsored securitizations. When mortgage loans are sold, representations and warranties regarding certain attributes of the loans sold are made to these third party purchasers. Subsequent to the sale, if a material underwriting deficiency or documentation defect is discovered, STM may be obligated to repurchase the mortgage loan or to reimburse the investor for losses incurred (make whole requests) if such deficiency or defect cannot be cured by STM within the specified period following discovery. Defects in the securitization process or breaches of underwriting and servicing representations and warranties can result in loan repurchases, as well as adversely affect the valuation of MSRs, servicing advances or other mortgage loan related exposures, such as OREO. These representations and warranties may extend through the life of the mortgage loan. STM’s risk of loss under its representations and warranties is largely driven by borrower payment performance since investors will perform extensive reviews of delinquent loans as a means of mitigating losses.
Loan repurchase requests generally arise from loans sold during the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2011, which totaled $244.3 billion at the time of sale, consisting of $187.4 billion and $30.3 billion of agency and non-agency loans, respectively, as well as $26.6 billion of loans sold to Ginnie Mae. The composition of the remaining outstanding balance by vintage and type of buyer as of December 31, 2011 is shown in the following table:
 
 
Remaining Outstanding Balance by Year of Sale
(Dollars in billions)
2005
 
2006
 
2007
 
2008
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
Total    
GSE1

$4.5

 

$5.4

 

$10.4

 

$11.1

 

$24.9

 

$14.2

 

$13.8

 

$84.3

Ginnie Mae1
0.7

 
0.5

 
0.6

 
2.7

 
5.7

 
4.1

 
3.1

 
17.4

Non-agency
4.0

 
5.8

 
4.6

 

 

 

 

 
14.4

Total

$9.2

 

$11.7

 

$15.6

 

$13.8

 

$30.6

 

$18.3

 

$16.9

 

$116.1


1 Balances based on loans serviced by the Company.
Non-agency loan sales include whole loans and loans sold in private securitization transactions. While representations and warranties have been made related to these sales, they differ in many cases from those made in connection with loans sold to the GSEs in that non-agency loans may not be required to meet the same underwriting standards and, in addition to identifying a representation or warranty breach, non-agency investors are generally required to demonstrate that the breach was material and directly related to the cause of default. Loans sold to Ginnie Mae are insured by either the FHA or VA. As servicer, we may elect to repurchase delinquent loans in accordance with Ginnie Mae guidelines; however, the loans continue to be insured. Although we indemnify the FHA and VA for losses related to loans not originated in accordance with their guidelines, such occurrences are limited and no repurchase liability has been recorded for loans sold to Ginnie Mae.
Although the timing and volume has varied, repurchase and make whole requests have increased over the past several years and more recently during the latter half of 2011. Repurchase requests from GSEs and non-agency investors were $1.7 billion, $1.1 billion, and $1.1 billion during the years ended 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, and on a cumulative basis since 2005 has been $5.3 billion, which includes Ginnie Mae repurchase requests. The majority of these requests are from GSEs, with a limited number of requests having been received related to non-agency investors. Repurchase requests from non-agency investors were $50 million, $55 million, and $99 million during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. Additionally, repurchase requests related to loans originated in 2006 and 2007 have consistently comprised the vast majority of total repurchase requests during the past three years. The repurchase and make whole requests received have been primarily due to material breaches of representations related to compliance with the applicable underwriting standards, including borrower misrepresentation and appraisal issues. STM performs a loan by loan review of all requests, and demands have been contested to the extent they are not considered valid. At December 31, 2011, the unpaid principal balance of loans related to unresolved requests previously received from investors was $590 million, comprised of $578 million from the GSEs and $12 million from non-agency investors. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2010, were $293 million, comprised of $264 million from the GSEs and $29 million from non-agency investors.
The Company uses the best information available when estimating its mortgage repurchase liability. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company's estimate of the liability for incurred losses related to all vintages of mortgage loans sold totaled $320 million and $265 million, respectively. The liability is recorded in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the related repurchase provision is recognized in mortgage production related (loss)/income in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).
A significant degree of judgment is used to estimate the mortgage repurchase liability. This estimation process is inherently uncertain and subject to imprecision; consequently, there is a range of reasonably possible loss in excess of the recorded repurchase liability. Based on an analysis of the assumptions used to estimate the repurchase liability related to loans sold prior to 2009, the Company estimates that it is reasonably possible that the estimated liability, as of December 31, 2011, could exceed the current repurchase liability by $0 to $700 million. This estimate is subject to revision due to changes in borrower default levels, investor request criteria and behavior, repurchase rates, and home values. This estimate of reasonably possible incremental loss does not pertain to non-agency investors or to loans sold after 2008 due to the limited amount of historical repurchase request and loss experience the Company has realized on these more recent vintages; therefore, the Company is unable to estimate a reasonably possible range of loss for loans sold to non-agency investors or for loans sold subsequent to 2008. The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s reserve for mortgage loan repurchases:
 
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Balance at beginning of period

$265

 

$200

 

$92

Repurchase provision
502

 
456

 
444

Charge-offs
(447
)
 
(391
)
 
(336
)
Balance at end of period

$320

 

$265

 

$200


During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company repurchased or otherwise settled mortgages with unpaid principal balances of $789 million and $677 million, respectively, related to investor demands. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the carrying value of outstanding repurchased mortgage loans, net of any allowance for loan losses, totaled $252 million and $153 million, respectively, of which $134 million and $86 million, respectively, were nonperforming.
As of December 31, 2011, the Company maintained a reserve for costs associated with foreclosure delays of loans serviced for GSEs. The Company normally retains servicing rights when loans are transferred. As servicer, the Company makes representations and warranties that it will service the loans in accordance with investor servicing guidelines and standards which include collection and remittance of principal and interest, administration of escrow for taxes and insurance, advancing principal, interest, taxes, insurance and collection expenses on delinquent accounts, loss mitigation strategies including loan modifications, and foreclosures. STM recognizes a liability for contingent losses when MSRs are sold, which totaled $8 million and $6 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Contingent Consideration
The Company has contingent payment obligations related to certain business combination transactions. Payments are calculated using certain post-acquisition performance criteria. Arrangements entered into prior to January 1, 2009 are not recorded as liabilities until the contingency is resolved; whereas, arrangements entered into subsequent to that date are recorded as liabilities at the fair value of the contingent payment. The potential obligation associated with these arrangements was $10 million and $5 million as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, of which $10 million and $3 million were recorded as a liability representing the fair value of the contingent payments as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. If required, these contingent payments will be payable over the next three years.
Visa
The Company issues and acquires credit and debit card transactions through Visa. The Company is a defendant, along with Visa and MasterCard International (the “Card Associations”), as well as several other banks, in one of several antitrust lawsuits challenging the practices of the Card Associations (the “Litigation”). The Company has entered into judgment and loss sharing agreements with Visa and certain other banks in order to apportion financial responsibilities arising from any potential adverse judgment or negotiated settlements related to the Litigation. Additionally, in connection with Visa’s restructuring in 2007, a provision of the original Visa By-Laws, Section 2.05j, was restated in Visa’s certificate of incorporation. Section 2.05j contains a general indemnification provision between a Visa member and Visa, and explicitly provides that after the closing of the restructuring, each member’s indemnification obligation is limited to losses arising from its own conduct and the specifically defined Litigation. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under this indemnification provision cannot be determined as there is no limitation provided under the By-Laws and the amount of exposure is dependent on the outcome of the Litigation. As of December 31, 2011, Visa had funded $8.1 billion into an escrow account, established for the purpose of funding judgments in, or settlements of, the Litigation. Agreements associated with Visa’s IPO have provisions that Visa will first use the funds in the escrow account to pay for future settlements of, or judgments in the Litigation. If the escrow account is insufficient to cover the Litigation losses, then Visa will issue additional Class A shares (“loss shares”). The proceeds from the sale of the loss shares would then be deposited in the escrow account. The issuance of the loss shares will cause a dilution of Visa’s Class B shares as a result of an adjustment to lower the conversion factor of the Class B shares to Class A shares. Visa U.S.A.’s members are responsible for any portion of the settlement or loss on the Litigation after the escrow account is depleted and the value of the Class B shares is fully-diluted. In May 2009, the Company sold its 3.2 million Visa Inc. Class B shares to another financial institution (“the Counterparty”) and entered into a derivative with the Counterparty. The Company received $112 million and recognized a gain of $112 million in connection with these transactions. Under the derivative, the Counterparty will be compensated by the Company for any decline in the conversion factor as a result of the outcome of the Litigation. Conversely, the Company will be compensated by the Counterparty for any increase in the conversion factor. The amount of compensation is a function of the 3.2 million shares sold to the Counterparty, the change in conversion rate, and Visa’s share price. The Counterparty, as a result of its ownership of the Class B shares, will be impacted by dilutive adjustments to the conversion factor of the Class B shares caused by the Litigation losses. The conversion factor at the inception of the derivative in May 2009 was 0.6296 and as of December 31, 2011 the conversion factor had decreased to 0.4254 due to Visa’s funding of the litigation escrow account. The decreases in the conversion factor triggered payments by the Company to the Counterparty of $8 million, $17 million, and $10 million during 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. A high degree of subjectivity was used in estimating the fair value of the derivative liability, and the ultimate impact to the Company could be significantly higher or lower than the $22 million and $23 million recorded as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. See Note 20, "Contingencies," for additional discussion of the related litigation.
Public Deposits
The Company holds public deposits from various states in which it does business. Individual state laws require banks to collateralize public deposits, typically as a percentage of their public deposit balance in excess of FDIC insurance and may also require a cross-guarantee among all banks holding public deposits of the individual state. The amount of collateral required varies by state and may also vary by institution within each state, depending on the individual state’s risk assessment of depository institutions. Certain of the states in which the Company holds public deposits use a pooled collateral method, whereby in the event of default of a bank holding public deposits, the collateral of the defaulting bank is liquidated to the extent necessary to recover the loss of public deposits of the defaulting bank. To the extent the collateral is insufficient, the remaining public deposit balances of the defaulting bank are recovered through an assessment, from the other banks holding public deposits in that state. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make is dependent on a variety of factors, including the amount of public funds held by banks in the states in which the Company also holds public deposits and the amount of collateral coverage associated with any defaulting bank. Individual states appear to be monitoring this risk relative to the current economic environment and evaluating collateral requirements; therefore, the likelihood that the Company would have to perform under this guarantee is dependent on whether any banks holding public funds default as well as the adequacy of collateral coverage.
Other
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into indemnification agreements and provides standard representations and warranties in connection with numerous transactions. These transactions include those arising from securitization activities, underwriting agreements, merger and acquisition agreements, loan sales, contractual commitments, payment processing, sponsorship agreements, and various other business transactions or arrangements. The extent of the Company’s obligations under these indemnification agreements depends upon the occurrence of future events; therefore, the Company’s potential future liability under these arrangements is not determinable.
STIS and STRH, broker-dealer affiliates of SunTrust, use a common third-party clearing broker to clear and execute their customers’ securities transactions and to hold customer accounts. Under their respective agreements, STIS and STRH agree to indemnify the clearing broker for losses that result from a customer’s failure to fulfill its contractual obligations. As the clearing broker’s rights to charge STIS and STRH have no maximum amount, the Company believes that the maximum potential obligation cannot be estimated. However, to mitigate exposure, the affiliate may seek recourse from the customer through cash or securities held in the defaulting customers’ account. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, STIS and STRH experienced minimal net losses as a result of the indemnity. The clearing agreements expire in May 2015 for both STIS and STRH.

SunTrust Community Capital, a SunTrust subsidiary, previously obtained state and federal tax credits through the construction and development of affordable housing properties and continues to obtain state and federal tax credits through investments in affordable housing developments. SunTrust Community Capital or its subsidiaries are limited and/or general partners in various partnerships established for the properties. Some of the investments that generate state tax credits may be sold to outside investors. As of December 31, 2011, SunTrust Community Capital has completed six sales containing guarantee provisions stating that SunTrust Community Capital will make payment to the outside investors if the tax credits become ineligible. SunTrust Community Capital also guarantees that the general partner under the transaction will perform on the delivery of the credits. The guarantees are expected to expire within a ten year period from inception. As of December 31, 2011, the maximum potential amount that SunTrust Community Capital could be obligated to pay under these guarantees is $37 million; however, SunTrust Community Capital can seek recourse against the general partner. Additionally, SunTrust Community Capital can seek reimbursement from cash flow and residual values of the underlying affordable housing properties provided that the properties retain value. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, $5 million and $7 million, respectively, was accrued representing the remainder of tax credits to be delivered, and were recorded in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.


NOTE 19 - FAIR VALUE ELECTION AND MEASUREMENT
The Company carries certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis and appropriately classifies them as level 1, 2, or 3 within the fair value hierarchy. The Company’s recurring fair value measurements are based on a requirement to carry such assets and liabilities at fair value or the Company’s election to carry certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Assets and liabilities that are required to be carried at fair value on a recurring basis include trading securities, securities AFS, and derivative financial instruments. Assets and liabilities that the Company has elected to carry at fair value on a recurring basis include certain LHFI and LHFS, MSRs, certain brokered deposits, and certain issuances of fixed rate debt.
In certain circumstances, fair value enables a company to more accurately align its financial performance with the economic value of actively traded or hedged assets or liabilities. Fair value also enables a company to mitigate the non-economic earnings volatility caused from financial assets and financial liabilities being carried at different bases of accounting, as well as to more accurately portray the active and dynamic management of a company’s balance sheet.
The classification of an instrument as level 3 versus 2 involves judgment and is based on a variety of subjective factors in order to assess whether a market is inactive, resulting in the application of significant unobservable assumptions to value a financial instrument. A market is considered inactive if significant decreases in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have been observed. In determining whether a market is inactive, the Company evaluates such factors as the number of recent transactions in either the primary or secondary markets, whether price quotations are current, the nature of the market participants, the variability of price quotations, the significance of bid/ask spreads, declines in (or the absence of) new issuances and the availability of public information. Inactive markets necessitate the use of additional judgment when valuing financial instruments, such as pricing matrices, cash flow modeling, and the selection of an appropriate discount rate. The assumptions used to estimate the value of an instrument where the market was inactive are based on the Company’s assessment of the assumptions a market participant would use to value the instrument in an orderly transaction and include considerations of illiquidity in the current market environment.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present certain information regarding assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the changes in fair value for those specific financial instruments in which fair value has been elected.

49

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
 
 
Fair Value Measuements at
December 31, 2011
Using
(Dollars in millions)
Assets/Liabilities    
 
Quoted Prices In Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets/Liabilities    
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable    
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable    
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets

 

 

 

Trading assets:

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities

$144

 

$144

 

$—

 

$—

Federal agency securities
478

 

 
478

 

U.S. states and political subdivisions
54

 

 
54

 

MBS - agency
412

 

 
412

 

MBS - private
1

 

 

 
1

CDO/CLO securities
45

 

 
2

 
43

ABS
37

 

 
32

 
5

Corporate and other debt securities
344

 

 
344

 

CP
229

 

 
229

 

Equity securities
91

 
91

 

 

Derivative contracts
3,444

 
306

 
3,138

 

Trading loans
2,030

 

 
2,030

 

Gross trading assets
7,309

 
541

 
6,719

 
49

Offsetting collateral 1
(1,030
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total trading assets
6,279

 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities AFS:

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities
694

 
694

 

 

Federal agency securities
1,932

 

 
1,932

 

U.S. states and political subdivisions
454

 

 
396

 
58

MBS - agency
21,223

 

 
21,223

 

MBS - private
221

 

 

 
221

CDO/CLO securities
50

 

 
50

 

ABS
464

 

 
448

 
16

Corporate and other debt securities
51

 

 
46

 
5

Coke common stock
2,099

 
2,099

 

 

   Other equity securities 2
929

 
188

 

 
741

Total securities AFS
28,117

 
2,981

 
24,095

 
1,041

LHFS:

 

 

 

Residential loans
1,826

 

 
1,825

 
1

Corporate and other loans
315

 

 
315

 

Total LHFS
2,141

 

 
2,140

 
1

LHFI
433

 

 

 
433

MSRs
921

 

 

 
921

Other assets 3
554

 
7

 
463

 
84

Liabilities

 

 

 

Trading liabilities:

 

 

 

U.S. Treasury securities
569

 
569

 

 

Corporate and other debt securities
77

 

 
77

 

Equity securities
37

 
37

 

 

Derivative contracts
2,293

 
174

 
1,930

 
189

Gross trading liabilities
2,976

 
780

 
2,007

 
189

Offsetting collateral 1
(1,170
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total trading liabilities
1,806

 
 
 
 
 
 
Brokered time deposits
1,018

 

 
1,018

 

Long-term debt
1,997

 

 
1,997

 

Other liabilities 3,4
84

 
1

 
61

 
22

1 Amount represents the cash collateral received from or deposited with derivative counterparties. Amount is offset with derivatives in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011.
2Includes at cost, $342 million of FHLB of Atlanta stock, $398 million of Federal Reserve Bank stock, and $187 million in mutual fund investments.
3These amounts include IRLCs and derivative financial instruments entered into by the Mortgage line of business to hedge its interest rate risk.
4These amounts include the derivative associated with the Company's sale of Visa shares during the year ended December 31, 2009.

50

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements at
December 31, 2010
Using
 
(Dollars in millions)
Assets/Liabilities
 
Quoted Prices
In Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities

$187

 

$187

 

$—

 

$—

Federal agency securities
361

 

 
361

 

U.S. states and political subdivisions
123

 

 
123

 

MBS - agency
301

 

 
301

 

MBS - private
15

 

 
9

 
6

CDO/CLO securities
55

 

 
2

 
53

ABS
59

 

 
32

 
27

Corporate and other debt securities
743

 

 
743

 

CP
14

 

 
14

 

Equity securities
221

 

 
98

 
123

Derivative contracts
2,743

 
166

 
2,577

 

Trading loans
1,353

 

 
1,353

 

Total trading assets
6,175

 
353

 
5,613

 
209

Securities AFS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities
5,516

 
5,516

 

 

Federal agency securities
1,895

 

 
1,895

 

U.S. states and political subdivisions
579

 

 
505

 
74

MBS - agency
14,358

 

 
14,358

 

MBS - private
347

 

 

 
347

CDO/CLO securities
50

 

 
50

 

ABS
808

 

 
788

 
20

Corporate and other debt securities
482

 

 
477

 
5

Coke common stock
1,973

 
1,973

 

 

      Other equity securities 1
887

 

 
197

 
690

Total securities AFS
26,895

 
7,489

 
18,270

 
1,136

LHFS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential loans
2,847

 

 
2,845

 
2

Corporate and other loans
321

 

 
316

 
5

Total LHFS
3,168

 

 
3,161

 
7

LHFI
492

 

 

 
492

MSRs
1,439

 

 

 
1,439

Other assets 2
241

 

 
223

 
18

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities
439

 
439

 

 

Corporate and other debt securities
398

 

 
398

 

Derivative contracts
1,841

 
120

 
1,576

 
145

Total trading liabilities
2,678

 
559

 
1,974

 
145

Brokered time deposits
1,213

 

 
1,213

 

Long-term debt
2,837

 

 
2,837

 

Other liabilities 2,3
114

 

 
72

 
42

1 Includes at cost, $298 million of FHLB of Atlanta stock, $391 million of Federal Reserve Bank stock, and $197 million in mutual fund investments.
2These amounts include IRLCs and derivative financial instruments entered into by the Mortgage line of business to hedge its interest rate risk.
3These amounts include the derivative associated with the Company's sale of Visa shares during the year ended December 31, 2009.

51

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)




The following tables present the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of trading loans, LHFI, LHFS, brokered time deposits, and long-term debt instruments for which the FVO has been elected. For LHFI and LHFS for which the FVO has been elected, the tables also include the difference between aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans that are 90 days or more past due, as well as loans in nonaccrual status.
 
(Dollars in millions)
Aggregate
Fair Value
December 31, 2011    
 
Aggregate
Unpaid Principal
Balance under FVO     
December 31, 2011
 
Fair Value
Over/(Under)
    Unpaid Principal    
Trading loans

$2,030

 

$2,010

 

$20

LHFS
2,139

 
2,077

 
62

Past due loans of 90 days or more
1

 
1

 

Nonaccrual loans
1

 
8

 
(7
)
LHFI
407

 
439

 
(32
)
Past due loans of 90 days or more
1

 
2

 
(1
)
Nonaccrual loans
25

 
48

 
(23
)
Brokered time deposits
1,018

 
1,011

 
7

Long-term debt
1,997

 
1,901

 
96

(Dollars in millions)
Aggregate
Fair Value
    December 31, 2010    
 
Aggregate
Unpaid Principal
Balance under FVO
 December 31, 2010    
 
Fair Value
Over/(Under)
    Unpaid Principal    
Trading loans

$1,353

 

$1,320

 

$33

LHFS
3,160

 
3,155

 
5

Past due loans of 90 days or more
2

 
2

 

Nonaccrual loans
6

 
25

 
(19
)
LHFI
462

 
517

 
(55
)
Past due loans of 90 days or more
2

 
4

 
(2
)
Nonaccrual loans
28

 
54

 
(26
)
Brokered time deposits
1,213

 
1,188

 
25

Long-term debt
2,837

 
2,753

 
84



52

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The following tables present the change in fair value during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 of financial instruments for which the FVO has been elected, as well as MSRs that are accounted for at fair value in accordance with applicable fair value accounting guidance. The tables do not reflect the change in fair value attributable to the related economic hedges the Company used to mitigate the market-related risks associated with the financial instruments. The changes in the fair value of economic hedges are also recognized in trading income/(loss), mortgage production related (loss)/income, or mortgage servicing related income, as appropriate, and are designed to partially offset the change in fair value of the financial instruments referenced in the tables below. The Company’s economic hedging activities are deployed at both the instrument and portfolio level.

 
 
Fair Value Gain/(Loss) for the Year Ended
December 31, 2011, for Items Measured at Fair Value  Pursuant to Election of the FVO
(Dollars in millions)
 
Trading income/(loss)
 
Mortgage
Production  
Related
(Loss)/Income
1
 
Mortgage  
Servicing
Related
Income
 
Total
Changes in
Fair Values  
Included in
Current-
Period
Earnings 2
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading loans
 

$21

 

$—

 

$—

 

$21

LHFS
 
(10
)
 
450

 

 
440

LHFI
 
3

 
11

 

 
14

MSRs
 

 
7

 
(733
)
 
(726
)
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brokered time deposits
 
32

 

 

 
32

Long-term debt
 
(12
)
 

 

 
(12
)
1For the year ended December 31, 2011, income related to LHFS includes $217 million related to MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2011, income related to MSRs includes $7 million of MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at LOCOM. These MSRs are included in the table since the Company elected to report MSRs recognized in 2009 and beyond using the fair value method. Previously, MSRs were reported under the amortized cost method.
2Changes in fair value for the year ended December 31, 2011, exclude accrued interest for the periods then ended. Interest income or interest expense on trading loans, LHFS, LHFI, brokered time deposits and long-term debt that have been elected to be carried at fair value are recorded in interest income or interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) based on their contractual coupons.



 
 
Fair Value Gain/(Loss) for the Year Ended
December 31, 2010, for Items Measured at Fair Value Pursuant
to Election of the FVO
(Dollars in millions)
 
Trading income/(loss)
 
Mortgage
Production  
Related
  (Loss)/Income 1 
 
Mortgage
Servicing  
Related
Income
 
Total
Changes in
Fair Values  
Included in
Current
Period
Earnings 2
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading loans
 

($3
)
 

$—

 

$—

 

($3
)
LHFS
 
26

 
568

 

 
594

LHFI
 

 
7

 

 
7

MSRs
 

 
15

 
(513
)
 
(498
)
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brokered time deposits
 
(62
)
 

 

 
(62
)
Long-term debt
 
(168
)
 

 

 
(168
)
1For the year ended December 31, 2010, income related to LHFS, includes $274 million related to MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2010, income related to MSRs includes $15 million of MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at LOCOM. These MSRs are included in the table since the Company elected to report MSRs recognized in 2009 and beyond using the fair value method. Previously, MSRs were reported under the amortized cost method.
2Changes in fair value for the year ended December 31, 2010, exclude accrued interest for the periods then ended. Interest income or interest expense on trading loans, LHFS, LHFI, brokered time deposits and long-term debt that have been elected to be carried at fair value are recorded in interest income or interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) based on their contractual coupons.


53

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
 
Fair Value Gain/(Loss) for the Year Ended
December 31, 2009, for Items Measured at Fair Value Pursuant
to Election of the FVO
(Dollars in millions)
 
Trading income/(loss)
 
Mortgage
Production  
Related
  (Loss)/Income 1  
 
Mortgage
Servicing  
Related
Income
 
Total
Changes in
Fair Values  
Included in
Current
Period
Earnings 2
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading loans
 

$3

 

$—

 

$—

 

$3

LHFS
 
2

 
625

 

 
627

LHFI
 
3

 
(1
)
 

 
2

MSRs
 

 
17

 
66

 
83

 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brokered time deposits
 
11

 

 

 
11

Long-term debt
 
(65
)
 

 

 
(65
)
1For the year ended December 31, 2009, income related to LHFS, includes $664 million related to MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2009, income related to MSRs includes $18 million of MSRs recognized upon the sale of loans reported at LOCOM. These MSRs are included in the table since the Company elected to report MSRs recognized in 2009 and beyond using the fair value method. Previously, MSRs were reported under the amortized cost method.
2Changes in fair value for the year ended December 31, 2009, exclude accrued interest for the periods then ended. Interest income or interest expense on trading loans, LHFS, LHFI, brokered time deposits and long-term debt that have been elected to be carried at fair value are recorded in interest income or interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) based on their contractual coupons.
The following is a discussion of the valuation techniques and inputs used in developing fair value measurements for assets and liabilities classified as level 2 or 3 that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, based on the class as determined by the nature and risks of the instrument.
Trading Assets and Securities Available for Sale
Unless otherwise indicated, trading assets are priced by the trading desk and independently validated against pricing received from two or three third party pricing sources; securities AFS are valued by an independent third party pricing service and independently validated against pricing received from two other third party pricing sources, all of which are sources that are widely used by market participants. The Company classifies instruments as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy when it is able to determine that external pricing sources are using similar instruments trading in the markets as the basis for estimating fair value. One way the Company determines this is by the number of pricing services that will provide a quote on the instrument along with the range of values provided by those pricing services. A wide range of quoted values may indicate that significant adjustments to the trades in the market are being made by the pricing services.

Federal agency securities
The Company includes in this classification securities issued by federal agencies and GSEs. Agency securities consist of debt obligations issued by HUD, FHLB and other agencies, or collateralized by loans that are guaranteed by the SBA and are, therefore, backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. In the case of securities issued by GSEs such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the obligations are not explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government; however, the GSEs carry an implied rating commensurate with that of U.S. government obligations and may be required to maintain such rating through its agency agreement. In certain instances, the U.S. Treasury owns the senior preferred stock of these enterprises and has made a commitment, under that stock purchase agreement, to provide these GSEs with funds to maintain a positive net worth. For SBA instruments, the Company estimated fair value based on pricing from observable trading activity for similar securities or obtained fair values from a third party pricing service; accordingly, the Company has classified these instruments as level 2.
U.S. states and political subdivisions
The Company’s investments in U.S. states and political subdivisions (collectively “municipals”) include obligations of county and municipal authorities and agency bonds, which are general obligations of the municipality or are supported by a specified revenue source. Holdings were geographically dispersed, with no significant concentrations in any one state or municipality. Additionally, all but an immaterial amount of AFS municipal obligations classified as level 2 are highly rated or are otherwise collateralized by securities backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government.

54

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Level 3 municipal securities includes ARS purchased since the auction rate market began failing in February 2008 and have been considered level 3 securities due to the significant decrease in the volume and level of activity in these markets, which has necessitated the use of significant unobservable inputs into the Company’s valuations. Municipal ARS are classified as securities AFS. These securities were valued using comparisons to similar ARS for which auctions are currently successful and/or to longer term, non-ARS issued by similar municipalities. The Company also evaluated the relative strength of the municipality and made appropriate downward adjustments in price based on the credit rating of the municipality as well as the relative financial strength of the insurer on those bonds. Although auctions for several municipal ARS have been operating successfully, ARS owned by the Company at December 31, 2011 continued to be classified as level 3 as they are those ARS for which the auctions continued to fail; accordingly, due to the uncertainty around the success rates for auctions and the absence of any successful auctions for these identical securities, the Company continued to price the ARS below par.
Level 3 AFS municipal bond securities also include bonds that are only redeemable with the issuer at par and cannot be traded in the market. As such, no significant observable market data for these instruments is available. In order to estimate pricing on these securities, the Company utilized a third party municipal bond yield curve for the lowest investment grade bonds (BBB rated) and priced each bond based on the yield associated with that maturity.
MBS – agency
MBS – agency includes pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by GSEs and U.S. government agencies, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae. Each security contains a guarantee by the issuing GSE or agency. For agency MBS, the Company estimated fair value based on pricing from observable trading activity for similar securities or obtained fair values from a third party pricing service; accordingly, the Company has classified these as level 2.
MBS – private
Private MBS includes purchased interests in third party securitizations as well as retained interests in Company-sponsored securitizations of residential mortgages. In 2010, the Company also had approximately $9 million of private label CMBS in trading assets that were received as part of a SIV liquidation (see CDO/CLO discussion below). Generally, the Company attempts to obtain pricing for its securities from an independent pricing service or third party brokers who have experience in valuing certain investments. This pricing may be used as either direct support for the Company’s valuations or used to validate outputs from its own proprietary models. The Company evaluates third party pricing to determine the reasonableness of the information relative to changes in market data, such as any recent trades, market information received from outside market participants and analysts, and/or changes in the underlying collateral performance. For a de minimis amount of private MBS, the Company uses industry-standard or proprietary models to estimate fair value and considers assumptions that are generally not observable in the current markets or that are not specific to the securities that the Company owns, such as relevant market indices that correlate to the underlying collateral, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity rates, and discount rates. As liquidity returns to these markets, the Company has seen more pricing information from third parties and a reduction in the need to use pricing models to estimate fair value. Even though limited third party pricing has been available, the Company continued to classify private MBS as level 3, as the Company believes that this third party pricing relied on significant unobservable assumptions, as evidenced by a persistently wide bid-ask price range and variability in pricing from the pricing services, particularly for the vintage and exposures held by the Company.

For the private CMBS held at December 31, 2010, the Company was able to obtain pricing information as part of the foreclosure sale at liquidation and was also able to obtain at least two different pricing sources that were within narrow price range. As such, the Company classified these securities as level 2. Certain vintages of private RMBS have suffered from deterioration in credit quality leading to downgrades. At December 31, 2011, the Company's private RMBS contained 2006 to 2007 vintage securities AFS and trading securities. At December 31, 2010, private RMBS also included 2003 vintage securities classified as AFS. All but a de minimis amount of the 2006 and 2007 vintage securities AFS and trading securities had been downgraded to non-investment grade levels by at least one nationally recognized rating agency. The vast majority of these securities had high investment grade ratings at the time of origination or purchase. The 2006 to 2007 vintage collateral is predominantly comprised of prime jumbo fixed and floating rate loans. The 2003 vintage securities are interests retained from a securitization of prime first lien fixed and floating rate loans and are primarily all investment grade rated, with the exception of a small amount of support bonds. The majority of these securities had maintained their original ratings, with a small amount of upgrades and only one bond downgraded since inception of the deal. During 2011, the Company's remaining interests of $49 million in the 2003 securitization were liquidated through the exercise of the Company's clean up call rights on the underlying collateral. See Note 11, "Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities."

55

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Securities that are classified as AFS and are in an unrealized loss position are included as part of our quarterly OTTI evaluation process. See Note 5, “Securities Available for Sale,” for details regarding assumptions used to assess impairment and impairment amounts recognized through earnings on private MBS during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009.

CDO/CLO Securities
Level 2 securities AFS consists of a senior interest in a third party CLOs for which independent broker pricing based on market trades and/or from new issuance of similar assets is readily available. At December 31, 2011, the Company’s investments in level 3 trading CDOs consisted of senior ARS interests in Company-sponsored securitizations of trust preferred collateral. In the first quarter of 2011, the Company sold the remaining securities within trading assets that were received upon the liquidation of one of the Company’s SIV investments, which included $21 million of CDO securities. Additionally, the Company’s $20 million retained interest in a structured participation of commercial loans was liquidated in 2011 through the exercise of the Company’s clean up call. For the ARS CDOs classified as level 3 trading assets, the increase in the value of these interests during the year ended December 31, 2011 was due to a steady recovery in the broader CDO market during the first half of the year along with an improvement in the underlying collateral for most of the individual interests. Additionally, the Company purchased CDO ARS securities in July 2011 as a result of the settlement of an ARS claim. For additional information, see Note 11, "Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities," and Note 20, "Contingencies." Although market conditions have improved, the auctions continue to fail and the Company continues to make significant adjustments to valuation assumptions available from observable secondary market trading of similar term securities; therefore, the Company continued to classify these as level 3 investments.
Asset-backed securities
Level 2 ABS classified as securities AFS are primarily interests collateralized by third party securitizations of 2009 through 2011 vintage auto loans. These ABS are either publicly traded or are 144A privately placed bonds. The Company utilizes an independent pricing service to obtain fair values for publicly traded securities and similar securities for estimating the fair value of the privately placed bonds. No significant unobservable assumptions were used in pricing the auto loan ABS; therefore, the Company classified these bonds as level 2. Additionally, the Company classified $32 million of trading ARS and $72 million of AFS ARS collateralized by government guaranteed student loans as level 2 due to observable market trades and bids for similar senior securities. Student loan ABS held by the Company are generally collateralized by FFELP student loans, the majority of which benefit from a 97% (or higher) government guarantee of principal and interest. For valuations of subordinate securities in the same structure, the Company adjusts valuations on the senior securities based on the likelihood that the issuer will refinance in the near term, a security’s level of subordination in the structure, and/or the perceived risk of the issuer as determined by credit ratings or total leverage of the trust. These adjustments may be significant; therefore, the subordinate student loan ARS held as trading assets continue to be classified as level 3.

Other level 3 AFS ABS includes interests in third party securitizations of auto loans and home equity lines of credit that are vintage 2003-2004. Third party pricing is generally available to price or validate the pricing on these positions, however, the Company believes that this third party pricing relied on a significant unobservable assumptions, as evidenced by a wide bid-ask range and variability in pricing received from the pricing services, and therefore the Company continues to classify these ABS as level 3.
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company sold the remaining ABS related to the assets acquired in 2007, including those received in the SIV liquidation that occurred in December 2010. This included $31 million of level 3 trading ABS collateralized by auto loans and home equity lines of credit.
Corporate and other debt securities
Corporate debt securities are predominantly comprised of senior and subordinate debt obligations of domestic corporations and are classified as level 2. Other debt securities in level 3 include bonds that are redeemable with the issuer at par and cannot be traded in the market; as such, no significant observable market data for these instruments is available.
Commercial paper
From time to time, the Company trades third party CP that is generally short-term in nature (less than 30 days) and highly rated. The Company estimates the fair value of the CP that it trades based on observable pricing from executed trades of similar instruments.
Equity securities
Level 1 equity securities, both trading and AFS, consist primarily of MMMFs that trade at a $1 net asset value, which is considered the fair market value of those fund shares.


56

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Level 3 equity securities classified as trading as of December 31, 2010 included nonmarketable preferred shares in municipal funds issues as ARS that the Company purchased as a result of the ARS market failing in 2008 and the resulting FINRA settlement described in Note 20, "Contingencies." During the year ended December 31, 2011, the issuers of these ARS had redeemed at par all of the remaining shares that were held by the Company.
Level 3 equity securities classified as securities AFS include, as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, $740 million and $689 million, respectively, of FHLB stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock, which are redeemable with the issuer at par and cannot be traded in the market. As such, no significant observable market data for these instruments is available. The Company accounts for the stock based on the industry guidance that requires these investments be carried at cost and evaluated for impairment based on the ultimate recovery of par value.

Derivative contracts (trading assets or trading liabilities)
With the exception of one derivative contract discussed herein and certain instruments discussed under ‘other assets/liabilities, net’ that qualify as derivative instruments, the Company’s derivative instruments are level 1 or 2 instruments. Level 1 derivative contracts generally include exchange-traded futures or option contracts for which pricing is readily available. See Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for additional information on the Company’s derivative contracts.
The Company’s level 2 instruments are predominantly standard OTC swaps, options, and forwards, with underlying market variables of interest rates, foreign exchange, equity, and credit. Because fair values for OTC contracts are not readily available, the Company estimates fair values using internal, but standard, valuation models that incorporate market-observable inputs. The valuation model is driven by the type of contract: for option-based products, the Company uses an appropriate option pricing model, such as Black-Scholes; for forward-based products, the Company’s valuation methodology is generally a discounted cash flow approach. The primary drivers of the fair values of derivative instruments are the underlying variables, such as interest rates, exchange rates, equity, or credit. As such, the Company uses market-based assumptions for all of its significant inputs, such as interest rate yield curves, quoted exchange rates and spot prices, market implied volatilities and credit curves.

Derivative instruments are primarily transacted in the institutional dealer market and priced with observable market assumptions at a mid-market valuation point, with appropriate valuation adjustments for liquidity and credit risk. For purposes of valuation adjustments to its derivative positions, the Company has evaluated liquidity premiums that may be demanded by market participants, as well as the credit risk of its counterparties and its own credit. The Company has considered factors such as the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties, its net exposures, and remaining maturities in determining the appropriate fair value adjustments to record. Generally, the expected loss of each counterparty is estimated using the Company's proprietary internal risk rating system. The risk rating system utilizes counterparty-specific probabilities of default and LGD estimates to derive the expected loss. For counterparties that are rated by national rating agencies, those ratings are also considered in estimating the credit risk. In addition, counterparty exposure is evaluated by netting positions that are subject to master netting arrangements, as well as considering the amount of marketable collateral securing the position. Specifically approved counterparties and exposure limits are defined. Creditworthiness of the approved counterparties is regularly reviewed and appropriate business action is taken to adjust the exposure to certain counterparties, as necessary. This approach used to estimate exposures to counterparties is also used by the Company to estimate its own credit risk on derivative liability positions.
The Agreements the Company entered into related to its Coke common stock are level 3 instruments, due to the unobservability of a significant assumption used to value these instruments. Because the value is primarily driven by the embedded equity collars on the Coke shares, a Black-Scholes model is the appropriate valuation model. Most of the assumptions are directly observable from the market, such as the per share market price of Coke common stock, interest rates, and the dividend rate on the Coke common stock. Volatility is a significant assumption and is impacted both by the unusually large size of the trade and the long tenor until settlement. Because the derivatives carry scheduled terms of 6.5 years and 7 years from the effective date and are on a significant number of Coke shares, the observable and active options market on Coke does not provide for any identical or similar instruments. As such, the Company receives estimated market values from a market participant who is knowledgeable about Coke equity derivatives and is active in the market. Based on inquiries of the market participant as to their procedures, as well as the Company’s own valuation assessment procedures, the Company has satisfied itself that the market participant is using methodologies and assumptions that other market participants would use in estimating the fair value of The Agreements. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, The Agreements’ combined fair value was a liability of $189 million and $145 million, respectively.

See Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information on the Company's derivative contracts.

57

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Trading loans
The Company engages in certain businesses whereby the election to carry loans at fair value for financial reporting aligns with the underlying business purposes. Specifically, the loans that are included within this classification are: (i) loans made or acquired in connection with the Company’s TRS business (see Note 11, "Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities," and Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments,” for further discussion of this business), (ii) loans backed by the SBA, and (iii) the loan sales and trading business within the Company’s CIB line of business. All of these loans have been classified as level 2, due to the market data that the Company uses in its estimates of fair value.
The loans made in connection with the Company’s TRS business are short-term, demand loans, whereby the repayment is senior in priority and whose value is collateralized. While these loans do not trade in the market, the Company believes that the par amount of the loans approximates fair value and no unobservable assumptions are made by the Company to arrive at this conclusion. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had outstanding $1.7 billion and $972 million, respectively, of such short-term loans carried at fair value.
SBA loans are similar to SBA securities discussed herein under “Federal agency securities,” except for their legal form. In both cases, the Company trades instruments that are fully guaranteed by the U.S. government as to contractual principal and interest and has sufficient observable trading activity upon which to base its estimates of fair value.
The loans from the Company’s sales and trading business are commercial and corporate leveraged loans that are either traded in the market or for which similar loans trade. The Company elected to carry these loans at fair value in order to reflect the active management of these positions. The Company is able to obtain fair value estimates for substantially all of these loans using a third party valuation service that is broadly used by market participants. While most of the loans are traded in the markets, the Company does not believe that trading activity qualifies the loans as level 1 instruments, as the volume and level of trading activity is subject to variability and the loans are not exchange-traded, such that the Company believes that level 2 is a more appropriate presentation of the underlying market activity for the loans. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, $323 million and $381 million, respectively, of loans related to the Company’s trading business were held in inventory.

Loans and Loans Held for Sale
Residential LHFS
The Company recognized at fair value certain newly-originated mortgage LHFS based upon defined product criteria. The Company chooses to fair value these mortgage LHFS in order to eliminate the complexities and inherent difficulties of achieving hedge accounting and to better align reported results with the underlying economic changes in value of the loans and related hedge instruments. This election impacts the timing and recognition of origination fees and costs, as well as servicing value. Specifically, origination fees and costs are recognized in earnings when earned or incurred. The servicing value, which had been recorded as MSRs at the time the loan was sold, is included in the fair value of the loan and initially recognized at the time the Company enters into IRLCs with borrowers. The Company uses derivatives to economically hedge changes in servicing value as a result of including the servicing value in the fair value of the loan. The mark to market adjustments related to LHFS and the associated economic hedges are captured in mortgage production related (loss)/income.
Level 2 LHFS are primarily agency loans which trade in active secondary markets and are priced using current market pricing for similar securities adjusted for servicing and risk. Level 3 loans are primarily non-agency residential mortgages for which there is little to no observable trading activity of similar instruments in either the new issuance or secondary loan markets as either whole loans or as securities. Prior to the non-agency residential loan market disruption, which began during the third quarter of 2007 and continues, the Company was able to obtain certain observable pricing from either the new issuance or secondary loan market. However, as the markets deteriorated and certain loans were not actively trading as either whole loans or as securities, the Company began employing the same alternative valuation methodologies used to value level 3 residential MBS to fair value the loans.
As disclosed in the tabular level 3 rollforwards, transfers of certain mortgage LHFS into level 3 during 2011 were not due to using alternative valuation approaches, but were largely due to borrower defaults or the identification of other loan defects impacting the marketability of the loans.
For residential loans that the Company has elected to carry at fair value, the Company has considered the component of the fair value changes due to instrument-specific credit risk, which is intended to be an approximation of the fair value change attributable to changes in borrower-specific credit risk. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, the Company recognized losses in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) of $15 million, $18 million, and $24

58

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


million, respectively, due to changes in fair value attributable to borrower-specific credit risk. In addition to borrower-specific credit risk, there are other, more significant, variables that drive changes in the fair values of the loans, including interest rates and general conditions in the principal markets for the loans.
Corporate and other LHFS
As discussed in Note 11, “Certain Transfers of Financial Assets and Variable Interest Entities,” the Company has determined that it is the primary beneficiary of a CLO vehicle, which resulted in the Company consolidating the loans of that vehicle. Because the CLO trades its loans from time to time and in order to fairly present the economics of the CLO, the Company elected to carry the loans of the CLO at fair value. The Company is able to obtain fair value estimates for substantially all of these loans using a third party valuation service that is broadly used by market participants. While most of the loans are traded in the markets, the Company does not believe the loans qualify as level 1 instruments, as the volume and level of trading activity is subject to variability and the loans are not exchange-traded, such that the Company believes that level 2 is more representative of the general market activity for the loans.
LHFI
Level 3 LHFI predominantly includes mortgage loans that have been deemed not marketable, largely due to borrower defaults or the identification of other loan defects. The Company values these loans using a discounted cash flow approach based on assumptions that are generally not observable in the current markets, such as prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity rates, and discount rates.

Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets that the Company records at fair value are the Company’s MSR assets. The fair values of MSRs are determined by projecting cash flows, which are then discounted to estimate an expected fair value. The fair values of MSRs are impacted by a variety of factors, including prepayment assumptions, discount rates, delinquency rates, contractually specified servicing fees, servicing costs, and underlying portfolio characteristics. For additional information, see Note 9, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." The underlying assumptions and estimated values are corroborated by values received from independent third parties based on their review of the servicing portfolio. Because these inputs are not transparent in market trades, MSRs are considered to be level 3 assets.

Other Assets/Liabilities, net
The Company’s other assets/liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis include IRLCs that satisfy the criteria to be treated as derivative financial instruments, derivative financial instruments that are used by the Company to economically hedge certain loans and MSRs, and the derivative that the Company obtained as a result of its sale of Visa Class B shares.
The fair value of IRLCs on residential mortgage LHFS, while based on interest rates observable in the market, is highly dependent on the ultimate closing of the loans. These “pull-through” rates are based on the Company’s historical data and reflect the Company’s best estimate of the likelihood that a commitment will ultimately result in a closed loan. Servicing value is included in the fair value of IRLCs, and the fair value of servicing is determined by projecting cash flows which are then discounted to estimate an expected fair value. The fair value of servicing is impacted by a variety of factors, including prepayment assumptions, discount rates, delinquency rates, contractually specified servicing fees, servicing costs, and underlying portfolio characteristics. Because these inputs are not transparent in market trades, IRLCs are considered to be level 3 assets.
During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company transferred $271 million and $398 million, respectively, of IRLCs out of level 3 as the associated loans were closed.
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk associated with MSRs, IRLCs, mortgage LHFS, and mortgage LHFI reported at fair value. The Company hedges these exposures with a combination of derivatives, including MBS forward and option contracts, interest rate swap and swaption contracts, futures contracts, and eurodollar options. The Company estimates the fair values of such derivative instruments consistent with the methodologies discussed herein under “Derivative contracts” and accordingly these derivatives are considered to be level 2 instruments.
During the second quarter of 2009, in connection with its sale of Visa Class B shares, the Company entered into a derivative contract whereby the ultimate cash payments received or paid, if any, under the contract are based on the ultimate resolution of litigation involving Visa. The value of the derivative was estimated based on the Company’s expectations regarding the ultimate resolution of that litigation, which involved a high degree of judgment and subjectivity. Accordingly, the value of the derivative liability was classified as a level 3 instrument.


59

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Liabilities
Trading liabilities
Trading liabilities are primarily comprised of derivative contracts, but also include various contracts involving U.S. Treasury securities, Federal agency securities, and corporate debt securities that the Company uses in certain of its trading businesses. The Company employs the same valuation methodologies for these derivative contracts and securities as are discussed within the corresponding sections herein under “Trading Assets and Securities Available for Sale.”
Brokered time deposits
The Company has elected to measure certain CDs at fair value. These debt instruments include embedded derivatives that are generally based on underlying equity securities or equity indices, but may be based on other underlyings that may or may not be clearly and closely related to the host debt instrument. The Company elected to carry these instruments at fair value in order to remove the mixed attribute accounting model for the single debt instrument or to better align the economics of the CDs with the Company’s risk management strategies. The Company evaluated, on an instrument by instrument basis, whether a new issuance would be carried at fair value.

The Company has classified these CDs as level 2 instruments due to the Company’s ability to reasonably measure all significant inputs based on observable market variables. The Company employs a discounted cash flow approach to the host debt component of the CD, based on observable market interest rates for the term of the CD and an estimate of the Bank’s credit risk. For the embedded derivative features, the Company uses the same valuation methodologies as if the derivative were a standalone derivative, as discussed herein under “Derivative contracts.”
For brokered time deposits carried at fair value, the Company estimated credit spreads above LIBOR, based on credit spreads from actual or estimated trading levels of the debt or other relevant market data. The Company recognized gains of $2 million, losses of $41 million, and losses of $2 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, due to changes in its own credit spread on its brokered time deposits carried at fair value.
Long-term debt
The Company has elected to carry at fair value certain fixed rate debt issuances of public debt which are valued by obtaining quotes from a third party pricing service and utilizing broker quotes to corroborate the reasonableness of those marks. Additionally, information from market data of recent observable trades and indications from buy side investors, if available, are taken into consideration as additional support for the value. Due to the availability of this information, the Company determined that the appropriate classification for the debt was level 2. The election to fair value the debt was made in order to align the accounting for the debt with the accounting for the derivatives without having to account for the debt under hedge accounting, thus avoiding the complex and time consuming fair value hedge accounting requirements.
The Company’s public debt carried at fair value impacts earnings predominantly through changes in the Company’s credit spreads as the Company has entered into derivative financial instruments that economically convert the interest rate on the debt from fixed to floating. The estimated earnings impact from changes in credit spreads above U.S. Treasury rates were gains of $57 million, losses of $95 million, and losses of $233 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.
The Company also carries approximately $289 million of issued securities contained in a consolidated CLO at fair value in order to recognize the nonrecourse nature of these liabilities to the Company. Specifically, the holders of the liabilities are only paid interest and principal to the extent of the cash flows from the assets of the vehicle and the Company has no current or future obligations to fund any of the CLO vehicle’s liabilities. The Company has classified these securities as level 2, as the primary driver of their fair values are the loans owned by the CLO, which the Company has also elected to carry at fair value, as discussed herein under “Loans and Loans Held for Sale – Corporate and other LHFS”.

60

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


The following tables show a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair valued assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (other than MSRs which are disclosed in Note 9, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”). Transfers into and out of the fair value hierarchy levels are assumed to be as of the end of the quarter in which the transfer occurred. None of the transfers into or out of level 3 have been the result of using alternative valuation approaches to estimate fair values.

 
Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
(Dollars in millions)
Beginning
balance
January 1,    
2011
 
Included in earnings
 
OCI    
 
Purchases
 
Sales    
 
Settlements    
 
Transfers
to other
balance sheet
line items    
 
Transfers
into
Level 3    
 
Transfers
out of
Level 3    
 
Fair value
December 31,
2011    
 
Included in earnings (held at December 31, 2011) 1
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MBS - private

$6

 

$1

  

$—

  

$—

 

($5
)
 

($1
)
 

$—

 


 

$—

 

$1

 

($1
)
  
CDO/CLO securities
53

 
26

2 

  
6

 
(21
)
 
(1
)
 
(20
)
 


 

 
43

 
9

2 
ABS
27

 
9

  

  

 
(31
)
 

 


 


 


 
5

 
2

  
Equity securities
123

 
13

  

  

 

 
(136
)
 

 


 

 

 

  
Total trading assets
209

 
49

 

  
6

 
(57
)
 
(138
)
 
(20
)
 

 

 
49

 
10

 
Securities AFS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. states and political subdivisions
74

 
1

  
(2
)
  

 
(4
)
 
(11
)
 


 


 


 
58

 

  
MBS - private
347

 
(8
)
  
2

  

 

 
(71
)
 
(49
)
 


 


 
221

 
(6
)
  
ABS
20

 

  

  

 

 
(4
)
 


 


 

 
16

 

  
Corporate and other debt securities
5

 

  

  

 

 

 


 


 


 
5

 

  
Other equity securities
690

 

  

  
198

 

 
(147
)
 


 


 


 
741

 

  
Total securities AFS
1,136

 
(7
)
 

  
198

 
(4
)
 
(233
)
 
(49
)
 

 

 
1,041

 
(6
)
 
LHFS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential loans
2

 
(1
)
 

  

 
(18
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
23

 
(3
)
 
1

 

  
Corporate and other loans
5

 
(1
)
 

  

 

 
(4
)
 

 

 

 

 

  
LHFI
492

 
14

7 

  

 

 
(59
)
 
(13
)
 

 
(1
)
 
433

 
(1
)
 
Other assets/(liabilities), net
(24
)
 
349

5 

  

 

 
8

 
(271
)
 

 

 
62

 

  

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative contracts
(145
)
 
2

3 

(46
)
 

 

 

 

 

 


 
(189
)
 
2

 
1 Change in unrealized gains/(losses) included in earnings during the period related to financial assets still held at December 31, 2011.
2 Amounts included in earnings do not include losses accrued as a result of the ARS settlements discussed in Note 20, "Contingencies."
3 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in trading income/(loss).
4 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in net securities gains.
5 Amounts included in earnings are net of issuances, fair value changes, and expirations and are recorded in mortgage production related (loss)/income.
6 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in other noninterest income.
7 Amounts are generally included in mortgage production related (loss)/income, however, the mark on certain fair value loans is included in trading income/(loss).
8 Amount recorded in OCI is the effective portion of the cash flow hedges related to the Company’s probable forecasted sale of its shares of Coke common stock as discussed in Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments.”








61

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Beginning
balance
January 1,    
2010

 
Included in earnings
 
OCI
 
Purchases,
sales,
issuances,
settlements,
maturities,
paydowns,
net    
 
Transfers
from/(to)  other
balance sheet
line items    
 
Transfers    
into
Level 3
 
Transfers    
out of
Level 3
 
Fair value
December 31,
2010    
 
Included in earnings (held at December 31, 2010) 1
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trading assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. states and political subdivisions

$7

 

$1

  

$—

  

($8
)
 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

  
MBS - private
6

 
10

  

  
(36
)
 
35

 

 
(9
)
 
6

 
(1
)
  
CDO/CLO securities
175

 
49

 

  
(109
)
 
(60
)
 

 
(2
)
 
53

 
13

 
ABS
51

 
9

  

  
(3
)
 
2

 

 
(32
)
 
27

 
(2
)
  
Equity securities
151

 
8

  

  
(36
)
 

 

 

 
123

 
3

  
Total trading assets
390

 
77

 

  
(192
)
 
(23
)
 

 
(43
)
 
209

 
13

 
Securities AFS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. states and political subdivisions
132

 
3

   
2

  
(63
)
 

 

 

 
74

 

  
MBS - private
378

 
(2
)
   
64

  
(93
)
 

 

 

 
347

 
(2
)
  
ABS
102

 
4

 

  
7

 

 

 
(93
)
 
20

 

  
Corporate and other debt securities
5

 

   

  

 

 

 

 
5

 

  
Other equity securities
705

 

   

  
(15
)
 

 

 

 
690

 

  
Total securities AFS
1,322

 
5

 
66

  
(164
)
 

 

 
(93
)
 
1,136

 
(2
)
 
LHFS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential loans
142

 
(4
)
 

  
(89
)
 
(118
)
 
75

 
(4
)
 
2

 

 
Corporate and other loans
9

 
(2
)
 

  
(2
)
 

 

 

 
5

 
(2
)
 
LHFI
449

 
3

 

  
(57
)
 
100

 

 
(3
)
 
492

 
(5
)
 
Other assets/(liabilities), net
(35
)
 
392

 

  
17

 
(398
)
 

 

 
(24
)
 

  
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative contracts
(46
)
 
2

 
(101
)
 

 

 

 

 
(145
)
 
2

3 
1 Change in unrealized gains/(losses) included in earnings for the period related to financial assets still held at December 31, 2010.
2 Amounts included in earnings do not include losses accrued as a result of the ARS settlements discussed in Note 20, "Contingencies."
3 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in trading income/(loss).
4 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in net securities gains.
5Amounts included in earnings are net of issuances, fair value changes, and expirations and are recorded in mortgage production related (loss)/income.
6 Amounts included in earnings are recorded in other noninterest income.
7 Amounts are generally included in mortgage production related (loss)/income, however, the mark on certain fair value loans is included in trading income/(loss).
8 Amount recorded in OCI is the effective portion of the cash flow hedges related to the Company’s probable forecasted sale of its shares of Coke stock as discussed in Note 17, “Derivative Financial Instruments.”


62

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following tables present the change in carrying value of those assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which impairment was recognized. The table does not reflect the change in fair value attributable to any related economic hedges the Company may have used to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with LHFS and MSRs. The Company’s economic hedging activities for LHFS are deployed at the portfolio level.
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2011,
Using
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Net
Carrying
Value
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)        
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)        
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)         
 
 
Valuation
Allowance
LHFS

$212

 

$—

 

$108

 

$104

 
 

$—

LHFI
72

 

 

 
72

 
 
(7
)
OREO
479

 

 
372

 
107

 
 
(127
)
Affordable Housing
324

 

 

 
324

 
 

Other Assets
45

 

 
24

 
21

 
 
(20
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurement at
December 31, 2010,
Using
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Net
Carrying
Value
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets/Liabilities
(Level 1)        
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)        
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)         
 
 
Valuation
Allowance
LHFS

$333

 

$—

 

$142

 

$191

 
 

$—

LHFI
85

 

 

 
85

 
 
(15
)
OREO
596

 

 
553

 
43

 
 
(116
)
Affordable Housing
357

 

 

 
357

 
 

Other Assets
130

 

 
90

 
40

 
 
(20
)


The following is a discussion of the valuation techniques and inputs used in developing fair value measurements for assets classified as level 2 or 3 that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, based on the class as determined by the nature and risks of the instrument.
Loans Held for Sale
Level 2 LHFS consist primarily of conforming, residential mortgage loans and corporate loans that are accounted for at LOCOM. Level 3 LHFS consist of non-agency residential mortgage LHFS for which there is little or no secondary market activity and leases held for sale. These loans are valued consistent with the methodology discussed in the Recurring Fair Value Measurement section of this footnote. Leases held for sale are valued using internal estimates which incorporate market data when available. Due to the lack of current market data for comparable leases, these assets are considered level 3.
During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company transferred $47 million in NPLs, net of a $10 million incremental charge-off, that were previously designated as LHFI to LHFS in conjunction with the Company’s election to actively market these loans for sale. These loans were predominantly reported at amortized cost prior to transferring to LHFS; however, a portion of the NPLs was carried at fair value. Of these transferred loans, $34 million were sold at approximately their carrying value during the year ended December 31, 2011; the remaining $13 million were returned to LHFI as they were no longer deemed marketable for sale. The Company executed a similar transfer of $160 million in NPLs during the year ended December 31, 2010; these loans were subsequently sold at prices approximating fair value.

63

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Loans Held for Investment
LHFI consist predominantly of nonperforming commercial real estate loans for which specific reserves have been recorded. As these loans have been classified as nonperforming, cash proceeds from the sale of the underlying collateral is the expected source of repayment for a majority of these loans. Accordingly, the fair value of these loans is derived from internal estimates of the underlying collateral incorporating market data when available. Due to the lack of market data for similar assets, these loans are considered level 3.
OREO
OREO is measured at the lower of cost or its fair value less costs to sell. Level 2 OREO consists primarily of residential homes, commercial properties, and vacant lots and land for which current property-specific appraisals, broker pricing opinions, or other market information is available. Level 3 OREO consists of lots and land for which initial valuations are based on property-specific appraisals or internal valuations. Due to the lower dollar value per property and geographic dispersion of the portfolio, these properties are re-evaluated using a pooled approach, which applies geographic factors to adjust carrying values for estimated further declines in value. Land and lots have proven to be the most challenging asset class to accurately value due in part to the low balance per property composition of the asset class. The pooled discount methodology provides a means to reserve for losses across a broad band of assets rather than rely on potentially unreliable asset-specific valuations. The pooled discount methodology is applied to land and lot assets that have valuations older than six months and that have a net carrying value of less than $1 million. The Company's independent internal valuation group determines the discounts to be applied and the discount percentages are segregated by state and by asset class (residential or commercial). The discount percentages reflect the general market decline/increase in a particular state for a particular asset class and are determined by examining various valuation sources, including but not limited to, recent appraisals or sales prices of similar assets within each state.
Affordable Housing
The Company evaluates its consolidated affordable housing partnership investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment may not be recoverable. An impairment is recorded when the carrying amount of the partnership exceeds its fair value. Fair value measurements for affordable housing investments are derived from internal models using market assumptions when available. Significant assumptions utilized in these models include cash flows, market capitalization rates, and tax credit market pricing. Due to the lack of comparable sales in the marketplace, these valuations are considered level 3. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized impairment charges of $10 million and $15 million, respectively, on its consolidated affordable housing partnership investments.
Other Assets
Other assets consist of private equity investments, structured leasing products, other repossessed assets, and assets under operating leases where the Company is the lessor.
Investments in private equity partnerships are valued based on the estimated expected remaining cash flows to be received from these assets discounted at a market rate that is commensurate with their risk profile. Based on the valuation methodology and the lack of observable inputs, these investments are considered level 3. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized impairment charges of $11 million and $5 million, respectively, on its private equity partnership investments.
Structured leasing consists of assets held for sale under third party operating leases. These assets consist primarily of commercial buildings and are recognized at fair value less cost to sell. These assets are valued based on internal estimates which incorporate current market data for similar assets when available. Due to the lack of current market data for comparable assets, these assets are considered level 3. During the year ended December 31, 2011, no impairment was recognized. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company recognized impairment charges of $3 million on these assets.
Other repossessed assets consist of repossessed personal property that is measured at fair value less cost to sell. These assets are considered level 2 as their fair value is determined based on market comparables and broker opinions. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized impairment charges of $1 million and $8 million, respectively, on these assets.
The Company monitors the fair value of assets under operating leases where the Company is the lessor, and recognizes impairment to the extent the carrying value is not recoverable and the fair value is less than its carrying value. Fair value is determined using collateral specific pricing digests, external appraisals, and recent sales data from industry equipment dealers. As market data for similar assets is available and used in the valuation, these assets are considered level 2. During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized impairment charges of $5 million and $12 million, respectively, attributable to the fair value of various personal property under operating leases.

64

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at December 31 were as follows:
 
 
2011
 
 
2010
 
(Dollars in millions)
Carrying
Amount    
 
Fair
Value     
 
 
Carrying
Amount    
 
Fair
Value     
 
Financial assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

$4,509

 

$4,509

 (a) 
 

$5,378

 

$5,378

(a) 
Trading assets
6,279

 
6,279

 (b) 
 
6,175

 
6,175

(b) 
Securities AFS
28,117

 
28,117

 (b) 
 
26,895

 
26,895

(b) 
LHFS
2,353

 
2,355

 (c) 
 
3,501

 
3,501

(c) 
LHFI
122,495

 
122,495

  
 
115,975

 
115,975

  
Interest/credit adjustment on LHFI
(2,457
)
 
(2,005
)
  
 
(2,974
)
 
(3,823
)
  
LHFI, as adjusted for interest/credit risk
120,038

 
120,490

 (d) 
 
113,001

 
112,152

(d) 
Market risk/liquidity adjustment on LHFI

 
(4,805
)
  
 

 
(3,962
)
  
LHFI, fully adjusted

$120,038

 

$115,685

 (d) 
 

$113,001

 

$108,190

(d) 
Financial liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer and commercial deposits

$125,611

 

$125,963

 (e) 
 

$120,025

 

$120,368

(e) 
Brokered time deposits
2,281

 
2,289

 (f) 
 
2,365

 
2,381

(f) 
Foreign deposits
30

 
30

 (f) 
 
654

 
654

(f) 
Short-term borrowings
11,466

 
11,466

 (f) 
 
5,821

 
5,815

(f) 
Long-term debt
10,908

 
10,515

 (f) 
 
13,648

 
13,191

(f) 
Trading liabilities
1,806

 
1,806

 (b) 
 
2,678

 
2,678

(b) 

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of financial instruments:
(a)
Cash and cash equivalents are valued at their carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet, which are reasonable estimates of fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity of the instruments.
(b)
Securities AFS, trading assets, and trading liabilities that are classified as level 1 are valued based on quoted market prices. For those instruments classified as level 2 or 3, refer to the respective valuation discussions within this footnote.
(c)
LHFS are generally valued based on observable current market prices or, if quoted market prices are not available, on quoted market prices of similar instruments. In instances when significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market, instruments are valued based on the best available data in order to approximate fair value. This data may be internally-developed and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require under then-current market conditions. Refer to the LHFS section within this footnote for further discussion of the LHFS carried at fair value.
(d)
LHFI fair values are based on a hypothetical exit price, which does not represent the estimated intrinsic value of the loan if held for investment. The assumptions used are expected to approximate those that a market participant purchasing the loans would use to value the loans, including a market risk premium and liquidity discount. Estimating the fair value of the loan portfolio when loan sales and trading markets are illiquid, or for certain loan types, nonexistent, requires significant judgment. Therefore, the estimated fair value can vary significantly depending on a market participant’s ultimate considerations and assumptions. The final value yields a market participant’s expected return on investment that is indicative of the current market conditions, but it does not take into consideration the Company’s estimated value from continuing to hold these loans or its lack of willingness to transact at these estimated values.
The Company estimated fair value based on estimated future cash flows discounted, initially, at current origination rates for loans with similar terms and credit quality, which derived an estimated value of 100% and 99% on the loan portfolio’s net carrying value as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The value derived from origination rates likely does not represent an exit price; therefore, an incremental market risk and liquidity discount was subtracted from the initial value as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The discounted value is a function of a market participant’s required yield in the current environment and is not a reflection of the expected cumulative losses on the loans. Loan prepayments are used to adjust future cash flows based on historical experience and prepayment model forecasts. The value of related accrued interest on loans approximates fair value; however, it is not included in the carrying amount or fair value of loans. The value of long-term customer relationships is not permitted under current U.S. GAAP to be included in the estimated fair value.

65

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)



(e)
Deposit liabilities with no defined maturity such as DDAs, NOW/money market accounts, and savings accounts have a fair value equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts). Fair values for CDs are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies current interest rates to a schedule of aggregated expected maturities. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis are expected to approximate those that market participants would use in valuing deposits. The value of long-term relationships with depositors is not taken into account in estimating fair values.
(f)
Fair values for foreign deposits, certain brokered deposits, short-term borrowings, and certain long-term debt are based on quoted market prices for similar instruments or estimated using discounted cash flow analysis and the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of instruments. For brokered deposits and long-term debt that the Company carries at fair value, refer to the respective valuation sections within this footnote.


NOTE 20 – CONTINGENCIES
Litigation and Regulatory Matters
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to regulatory examinations, investigations, and requests for information, and are also parties to numerous civil claims and lawsuits. Some of these matters involve claims for substantial amounts. The Company’s experience has shown that the damages alleged by plaintiffs or claimants are often overstated, based on novel or unsubstantiated legal theories, unsupported by the facts, and/or bear no relation to the ultimate award that a court might grant. Additionally, the outcome of litigation and regulatory matters and the timing of ultimate resolution are inherently difficult to predict. Because of these factors, the Company typically cannot provide a meaningful estimate of the range of reasonably possible outcomes of claims in the aggregate or by individual claim. On a case-by-case basis, however, reserves are established for those legal claims in which it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. In no cases are those accrual amounts material to the financial condition of the Company. The actual costs of resolving these claims may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts reserved.
For a limited number of legal matters in which the Company is involved, the Company is able to estimate a range of reasonably possible losses. For other matters for which a loss is probable or reasonably possible, such an estimate is not possible. For those matters where a loss is both estimable and reasonably possible, management currently estimates the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses as $140 million to $250 million in excess of the accrued liability, if any, related to those matters. This estimated range of reasonably possible losses represents the estimated possible losses over the life of such legal matters, which may span a currently indeterminable number of years, and is based on information currently available as of December 31, 2011. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. Those matters for which an estimate is not possible are not included within this estimated range; therefore, this estimated range does not represent the Company’s maximum loss exposure. Based on current knowledge, it is the opinion of management that liabilities arising from legal claims in excess of the amounts currently accrued, if any, will not have a material impact to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. However, in light of the significant uncertainties involved in these matters, and the large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to the Company’s results or cash flows for any given reporting period.
The following is a description of certain litigation and regulatory matters.

Auction Rate Securities Investigations and Claims
FINRA Auction Rate Securities Investigation
In September 2008, STRH and STIS entered into an “agreement in principle” with FINRA related to the sales and brokering of ARS by STRH and STIS. This agreement was non-binding and subject to the negotiation of a final settlement. The parties were unable to finalize this agreement and FINRA continued its investigation. Beginning in late 2008, the Company moved forward with ARS purchases from essentially the same categories of investors who would have been covered by the original agreement with FINRA as well as certain other investors not addressed by the agreement. In 2010, FINRA notified the Company that it had completed its investigation and that it intended to recommend that charges be filed against both STRH and STIS. In 2011, both STRH and STIS entered into settlement agreements with FINRA under which each firm was assessed a fine and required to provide certain other relief, but neither firm was required to repurchase any additional ARS. The aggregate amount of these fines was $5 million and these fines were paid in 2011. Since 2008, the Company has purchased ARS with par amounts totaling $617 million as a result of the FINRA investigation and recognized cumulative losses through December 31, 2011 of $113 million. The fair value of the remaining ARS purchased pursuant to the settlement, net of sales, redemptions, and calls, was approximately $37 million, $147 million, and $176 million in trading securities and $100 million, $128 million, and $156 million in securities AFS, at December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. The losses related to the FINRA agreement were accrued in 2008; however, during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized gains of $33 million and $18 million relating to these ARS, respectively. Gain and loss amounts are comprised of net trading gains and net securities gains resulting primarily from sales, calls, and redemptions of both trading securities and securities AFS that were purchased from investors, as well as, net mark to market gains on positions that continue to be held by the Company. Due to the pass-through nature of these security purchases, gains and losses are included in the Corporate Other segment.

In re LandAmerica Financial Group, Inc. et al.
Two putative class action lawsuits have been filed against the Company by former customers of LandAmerica 1031 Exchange Services, Inc, (“LES”), a subsidiary of LandAmerica Financial Group, Inc. (“LFG”). The first of these actions, Arthur et al. v. SunTrust Banks, Inc. et al., was filed on January 14, 2009 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California. The second of these cases, Terry et al. v. SunTrust Banks, Inc. et al., was filed on February 2, 2009 in the Court of Common Pleas, Tenth Judicial Circuit, County of Anderson, South Carolina, and subsequently removed to the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina. On June 12, 2009, the Multi-District Litigation (“MDL”) Panel issued a transfer order designating the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina, Anderson Division, as MDL Court for IRS Section 1031 Tax Deferred Exchange Litigation (MDL 2054). Plaintiffs’ allegations in these cases are that LES and certain of its officers caused them to suffer damages in connection with potential 1031 exchange transactions that were pending at the time that LES filed for bankruptcy. Essentially, Plaintiffs’ core allegation is that their damages are the result of breaches of fiduciary and other duties owed to them by LES and others, fraud, and other improper acts committed by LES and certain of its officers, and that the Company is partially or entirely responsible for such damages because it knew or should have known about the alleged wrongdoing and failed to take appropriate steps to stop the same. The Company believes that the allegations and claims made against it in these actions are both factually and legally unsupported and has filed a motion to dismiss all claims. The Court granted this motion to dismiss with prejudice on June 15, 2011. Plaintiffs have appealed this decision to the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals.

Other ARS Claims
Since April 2008, several arbitrations and individual lawsuits have been filed against STRH and STIS by parties who purchased ARS through these entities. Broadly stated, these complaints allege that STRH and STIS made misrepresentations about the nature of these securities and engaged in conduct designed to mask some of the liquidity risk associated with them. They also allege that STRH and STIS were aware of the risks and problems associated with these securities and took steps in advance of the wave of auction failures to remove these securities from their own holdings. The claimants in these actions are seeking to recover the par value of the ARS in question as well as compensatory and punitive damages in unspecified amounts. The majority of these claims were settled during the year ended December 31, 2011. The Company reserved $7 million and $16 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, for estimated probable losses related to remaining other ARS claims. Losses related to the other ARS claims have been recognized in trading income/(loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss).

Interchange and Related Litigation
Card Association Antitrust Litigation
The Company is a defendant, along with Visa U.S.A. and MasterCard International (the “Card Associations”), as well as several other banks, in one of several antitrust lawsuits challenging the practices of the Card Association (the “Litigation”). For a discussion regarding the Company’s involvement in the Litigation matter, refer to Note 18, “Reinsurance Arrangements and Guarantees.”

In re ATM Fee Antitrust Litigation
The Company is a defendant in a number of antitrust actions that have been consolidated in federal court in San Francisco, California under the name In re ATM Fee Antitrust Litigation, Master File No. C04-2676 CR13. In these actions, Plaintiffs, on behalf of a class, assert that Concord EFS and a number of financial institutions have unlawfully fixed the interchange fee for participants in the Star ATM Network. Plaintiffs claim that Defendants’ conduct is illegal under Section 1 of the Sherman Act. Plaintiffs initially asserted the Defendants’ conduct was illegal per se. In August 2007, Concord and the bank defendants filed motions for summary judgment on Plaintiffs’ per se claim. In March 2008, the Court granted the motions on the ground that Defendants’ conduct in setting an interchange fee must be analyzed under the rule of reason. The Court certified this question for interlocutory appeal, and the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit rejected Plaintiffs’ petition for permission to appeal on August 13, 2008. Plaintiffs subsequently filed a Second Amended Complaint in which they asserted a rule of reason claim. This complaint was dismissed by the Court as well, but Plaintiffs were given leave to file another amended complaint. Plaintiffs filed yet another complaint and Defendants moved to dismiss the same. The Court granted this motion in part by dismissing one of the Plaintiffs two claims-–but denied the motion as to one claim. On September 16, 2010, the Court granted the Defendants’ motion for summary judgment as to the remaining claim on the grounds that Plaintiffs lack standing to assert that claim. Plaintiffs have filed an appeal of this decision with the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and the parties are awaiting that court's decision.

Overdraft Fee Cases
The Company has been named as a defendant in two putative class actions relating to the imposition of overdraft fees on customer accounts. The first such case, Buffington et al. v. SunTrust Banks, Inc. et al. was filed in Fulton County Superior Court on May 6, 2009. This action was removed to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division on June 10, 2009, and was transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida for inclusion in Multi-District Litigation Case No. 2036 on December 1, 2009. Plaintiffs assert claims for breach of contract, conversion, unconscionability, and unjust enrichment for alleged injuries they suffered as a result of the method of posting order used by the Company, which allegedly resulted in overdraft fees being assessed to their joint checking account, and purport to bring their action on behalf of a putative class of “all SunTrust Bank account holders who incurred an overdraft charge despite their account having a sufficient balance of actual funds to cover all debits that have been submitted to the bank for payment, “as well as” all SunTrust account holders who incurred one or more overdraft charges based on SunTrust Bank’s reordering of charges.” Plaintiffs seek restitution, damages, expenses of litigation, attorneys’ fees, and other relief deemed equitable by the Court. The Company filed a Motion to Dismiss and Motion to Compel Arbitration and both motions were denied. The denial of the motion to compel arbitration was appealed to the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. The Eleventh Circuit remanded this matter back to the District Court with instructions to the District Court to review its prior ruling in light of the Supreme Court’s decision in AT&T Mobility LLC v. Concepcion. The District Court has since denied SunTrust's motion to compel arbitration for different reasons and SunTrust is in the process of appealing this decision to the Eleventh Circuit.
The second of these cases, Bickerstaff v. SunTrust Bank, was filed in the Fulton County State Court on July 12, 2010 and an amended complaint was filed on August 9, 2010. Plaintiff asserts that all overdraft fees charged to his account which related to debit card and ATM transactions are actually interest charges and therefore subject to the usury laws of Georgia. Plaintiff has brought claims for violations of civil and criminal usury laws, conversion, and money had and received, and purports to bring the action on behalf of all Georgia citizens who have incurred such overdraft fees within the last four years where the overdraft fee resulted in an interest rate being charged in excess of the usury rate. SunTrust has filed a motion to compel arbitration and that motion is pending.

SunTrust Mortgage, Inc. v United Guaranty Residential Insurance Company of North Carolina
STM filed a suit in the Eastern District of Virginia in July of 2009 against United Guaranty Residential Insurance Company of North Carolina (“UGRIC”) seeking payment involving denied mortgage insurance claims regarding second lien mortgages. STM’s claims are in two counts. Count One involves a common reason for denial of claims by UGRIC for a group of loans. Count Two involves a group of loans with individualized reasons for the claim denials asserted by UGRIC. The two counts filed by STM have been bifurcated for trial purposes. UGRIC has counterclaimed for declaratory relief involving interpretation of the insurance policy involving certain caps on the amount of claims covered, whether ongoing premium obligations exist after any caps are met, and the potential to accelerate any premiums that may be owed if UGRIC prevails on its counterclaim. UGRIC later disclaimed its argument for acceleration of premiums. The Court granted STM’s motion for summary judgment as to liability on Count One and, after a trial on damages, awarded STM $34 million along with $6 million in prejudgment interest on August 19, 2011. Count Two has been stayed pending final resolution of Count One. On September 13, 2011, the Court added $5 million to the judgment involving STM's claims for fees on certain issues. On UGRIC’s counterclaim, the Court agreed that UGRIC’s interpretation was correct regarding STM’s continued obligations to pay premiums in the future after coverage caps are met. However, on August 19, 2011, the Court found for STM on its affirmative defense that UGRIC can no longer enforce the contract due to its prior breaches, and consequently, denied UGRIC's request for a declaration that it was entitled to continue to collect premiums after caps are met. UGRIC has filed an appeal of the Court's rulings.

Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. Litigation
Beginning in October 2008, STRH, along with other underwriters and individuals, were named as defendants in several individual and putative class action complaints filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York and state and federal courts in Arkansas, California, Texas and Washington. Plaintiffs allege violations of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 for allegedly false and misleading disclosures in connection with various debt and preferred stock offerings of Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. ("Lehman Brothers") and seek unspecified damages. All cases have now been transferred for coordination to the multi-district litigation captioned In re Lehman Brothers Equity/Debt Securities Litigation pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss all claims asserted in the class action. On July 27, 2011, the District Court granted in part and denied in part the motion to dismiss the class claims against STRH and the other underwriter defendants. A settlement with the class plaintiffs was approved by the Court on December 15, 2011. The class action now will go through a notice and opt-out process in which members of the class, including many of the plaintiffs in the pending individual lawsuits, will have to decide whether to participate in the class settlement or not. In the individual lawsuits for which the plaintiff decides to opt out of the class settlement, if any, the cases will move forward each on its own schedule. Motions to dismiss are either pending or will be filed in each of these cases.

Krinsk v. SunTrust Bank
This is a lender liability action in which the borrower claims that the Company has taken actions in violation of her home equity line of credit agreement and in violation of the Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”). Plaintiff filed this action in March 2009 in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Florida as a putative class action. The Court dismissed portions of Plaintiff’s first complaint, and she subsequently filed an amended complaint asserting breach of contract, breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and violation of TILA. Plaintiff has filed a motion seeking to certify a class of all Florida borrowers. The Company filed its answer to the complaint, has opposed class certification, and has filed a motion to compel arbitration. The Court denied the motion to compel arbitration and this decision was appealed to the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals. The Eleventh Circuit reversed the District Court's ruling that SunTrust had waived its right to compel arbitration and remanded the case back to the District Court to decide the merits of SunTrust's motion to compel arbitration. In January 2012, the District Court granted SunTrust's motion to compel arbitration in this matter.

SunTrust Securities Class Action Litigation
Beginning in May 2009, the Company, STRH, SunTrust Capital IX, officers and directors of the Company, and others were named in three putative class actions arising out of the offer and sale of approximately $690 million of SunTrust Capital IX 7.875% Trust Preferred Securities (“TRUPs”) of SunTrust Banks, Inc. The complaints alleged, among other things, that the relevant registration statement and accompanying prospectus misrepresented or omitted material facts regarding the Company’s allowance for loan and lease loss reserves, the Company’s capital position, and its internal risk controls. Plaintiffs seek to recover alleged losses in connection with their investment in the TRUPs or to rescind their purchases of the TRUPs. These cases were consolidated under the caption Belmont Holdings Corp., et al., v. SunTrust Banks, Inc., et al., in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, and on November 30, 2009, a consolidated amended complaint was filed. On January 29, 2010, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint. This motion was granted, with leave to amend, on September 10, 2010. On October 8, 2010, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint in an attempt to address the pleading deficiencies identified in the Court’s dismissal decision. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on March 21, 2011. The District Court denied the motion to dismiss as to Plaintiff's claims that the Company misrepresented the adequacy of its loan loss reserves for 2007 but dismissed all other claims against the Company and limited discovery in the initial stages of the case to the question of SunTrust's subjective belief as to the adequacy of those reserves at the time of the offering. SunTrust subsequently filed a motion for reconsideration of this decision and a motion to stay discovery pending resolution of that motion. The Court granted the motion to stay and the parties are awaiting a decision on the motion for reconsideration.

SunTrust Shareholder Derivative Litigation
On September 9, 2011, the Company and several current and former executives and members of the Board were named in a shareholder derivative action filed in the Superior Court of Fulton County, Georgia, Sharon Benfield v. James M. Wells, III. et al., and on December 19, 2011, the Company and several current and former executives and members of the Board were named as defendants in a separate shareholder derivative action filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Edward Mannato v. James M. Wells, III, et al. The plaintiffs in both of these lawsuits purport to bring their claims on behalf of and for the benefit of the Company. Generally, these lawsuits are substantially overlapping and make very broad allegations of mis-management of, and mis-representations about, the Company's exposure to loan losses and the residential real estate market leading up to and during the recent real estate and credit market crises. In both cases, the plaintiffs assert causes of action for breach of fiduciary duty, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment. The Mannato lawsuit arises out of a shareholder demand made of SunTrust in March 2008 that was the subject of an investigation conducted at the direction of a committee of independent members of the Company's Board. This committee concluded that no wrongdoing had occurred and that the interests of the Company's shareholders would not be served by pursuing the claims alleged in the plaintiff's demand. The Benfield lawsuit arises out of a shareholder demand made of SunTrust in February 2011 that is the subject of an ongoing investigation conducted at the direction of the same Board committee. The Company has filed a motion to stay this case pending the outcome of this investigation.

Colonial BancGroup Securities Litigation
Beginning in July 2009, STRH, certain other underwriters, The Colonial BancGroup, Inc. (“Colonial BancGroup”) and certain officers and directors of Colonial BancGroup were named as defendants in a putative class action filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, Northern District entitled In re Colonial BancGroup, Inc. Securities Litigation. The complaint was brought by purchasers of certain debt and equity securities of Colonial BancGroup and seeks unspecified damages. Plaintiffs allege violations of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 due to allegedly false and misleading disclosures in the relevant registration statement and prospectus relating to Colonial BancGroup’s goodwill impairment, mortgage underwriting standards, and credit quality. On August 28, 2009, The Colonial BancGroup filed for bankruptcy. The Defendants’ motion to dismiss was denied in May 2010, but the Court subsequently has ordered Plaintiffs to file an amended complaint. This amended complaint has been filed and the defendants have filed a motion to dismiss.

U.S. Department of Justice Investigation
Since late 2009, STM has been cooperating with the United States Department of Justice (“USDOJ”) in connection with an investigation relating to alleged violations of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and the Fair Housing Act. STM recently has been informed by the USDOJ that it intends to file a lawsuit against STM in this matter if the parties are unable to reach a settlement. To the best of STM’s knowledge, the USDOJ’s allegations in this matter relate solely to prior periods and to alleged practices of STM that no longer are in effect. The parties are engaged in settlement discussions, but there may be significant disagreements about the appropriateness and validity of the methodology and analysis upon which USDOJ has based its allegations.

Consent Order with the Federal Reserve
On April 13, 2011 SunTrust Banks, Inc., SunTrust Bank, and STM entered into a Consent Order with the Federal Reserve in which SunTrust Banks, Inc., SunTrust Bank, and STM agreed to strengthen oversight of and improve risk management, internal audit, and compliance programs concerning the residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation, and foreclosure activities of STM. Under the terms of the Consent Order, SunTrust Bank and STM also agreed to retain an independent consultant to conduct a review of residential foreclosure actions pending at any time during the period from January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2010 for loans serviced by STM, to identify any errors, misrepresentations or deficiencies, determine whether any instances so identified resulted in financial injury, and then make any appropriate remediation, reimbursement or adjustment. Additionally, borrowers who had a residential foreclosure action pending during this two year review period have been solicited through advertising and direct mailings to request a review by the independent consultant of their case if they believe they incurred a financial injury as a result of errors, misrepresentations, or other deficiencies in the foreclosure process. A direct mail solicitation was completed on November 28, 2011. The deadline for submitting requests for review is July 31, 2012. Reviews by the independent consultant are currently underway. Under the terms of the Consent Order, SunTrust Bank and STM also agreed, among other things, to: (a) strengthen the coordination of communications between borrowers and STM concerning ongoing loss mitigation and foreclosure activities; (b) submit a plan to enhance processes for oversight and management of third party vendors used in connection with residential mortgage servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure activities; (c) enhance and strengthen the enterprise-wide compliance program with respect to oversight of residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure activities; (d) ensure appropriate oversight of STM’s activities with respect to Mortgage Electronic Registration System; (e) review and remediate, if necessary, STM’s management information systems for its residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation, and foreclosure activities; (f) improve the training of STM officers and staff concerning applicable law, supervisory guidance and internal procedures concerning residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure activities, including the single point of contact for foreclosure and loss mitigation; (g) retain an independent consultant to conduct a comprehensive assessment of STM's risks, including, but not limited to, operational, compliance, transaction, legal, and reputational risks particularly in the areas of residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure; (h) enhance and strengthen the enterprise-wide risk management program with respect to oversight of residential mortgage loan servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure activities; and (i) enhance and strengthen the internal audit program with respect to residential loan servicing, loss mitigation and foreclosure activities. The comprehensive third party risk assessment was completed in August 2011, and the Company has begun implementation of recommended enhancements. Many of the action plans designed to complete the above enhancements were accepted by the Federal Reserve during the fourth quarter of 2011 and are currently in implementation. The full text of the Consent Order is available on the Federal Reserve’s website and is filed as Exhibit 10.25 to this Form 10-K.
The Company completed an internal review of STM’s residential foreclosure processes, and as a result of the review, steps have been taken and continue to be taken, to improve upon those processes. As discussed above, the Consent Order requires the Company to retain an independent consultant to conduct a review of residential foreclosure actions pending during 2009 and 2010. Until the results of that review are known, the Company cannot reasonably estimate financial reimbursements or adjustments. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s review of the Company’s residential mortgage loan servicing and foreclosure processing practices that preceded the Consent Order, the Federal Reserve announced that it would impose a civil money penalty. At this time, no such penalty has been imposed, and the amount and terms of such a potential penalty have not been finally determined. The Company's accrual for expected costs related to a potential settlement with the U.S. and the States Attorneys General regarding certain mortgage servicing claims (which is discussed below at "United States and States Attorneys General Mortgage Servicing Claims") includes the expected incremental costs (if any) of a civil money penalty relating to the Consent Order.

A Financial Guaranty Insurance Company
The Company is engaged in settlement negotiations with a financial guaranty insurance company relating to second lien mortgage loan repurchase claims for a securitization that the financial guaranty insurance company guaranteed under an insurance policy. The financial guaranty insurance company’s allegations in this matter generally are that it has paid claims as a result of defaults in the underlying loans and that some of these losses are the result of breaches of representations and warranties made in the documents governing the transaction in question.

Putative ERISA Class Actions
Company Stock Class Action
Beginning in July 2008, the Company, officers and directors of the Company, and certain other Company employees were named in a putative class action alleging that they breached their fiduciary duties under ERISA by offering the Company's common stock as an investment option in the SunTrust Banks, Inc. 401(k) Plan (the “Plan”). The plaintiffs purport to represent all current and former Plan participants who held the Company stock in their Plan accounts from May 2007 to the present and seek to recover alleged losses these participants supposedly incurred as a result of their investment in Company stock.
The Company Stock Class Action was originally filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida, but was transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, (the “District Court”) in November 2008.
On October 26, 2009, an amended complaint was filed. On December 9, 2009, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On October 25, 2010, the District Court granted in part and denied in part defendants' motion to dismiss the amended complaint. Defendants and plaintiffs filed separate motions for the District Court to certify its October 25, 2010 order for immediate interlocutory appeal. On January 3, 2011, the District Court granted both motions.
On January 13, 2011, defendants and plaintiffs filed separate petitions seeking permission to pursue interlocutory appeals with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (“the Circuit Court”). On April 14, 2011, the Circuit Court granted defendants and plaintiffs permission to pursue interlocutory review in separate appeals. On September 6, 2011, briefing in the separate appeals concluded. The Circuit Court has not set a date for oral arguments.

Mutual Funds Class Action
On March 11, 2011, the Company, officers and directors of the Company, and certain other Company employees were named in a putative class action alleging that they breached their fiduciary duties under ERISA by offering certain STI Classic Mutual Funds as investment options in the Plan. The plaintiff purports to represent all current and former Plan participants who held the STI Classic Mutual Funds in their Plan accounts from April 2002 through December 2010 and seeks to recover alleged losses these Plan participants supposedly incurred as a result of their investment in the STI Classic Mutual Funds.
The Affiliated Funds Class Action is pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division (the “District Court”). On June 6, 2011, plaintiff filed an amended complaint. On June 20, 2011, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint. On July 25, 2011, briefing on the motion to dismiss concluded, and the motion remains pending.

Metropolitan Bank Group, Inc. v. SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.
On March 8, 2011, SunTrust Robinson Humphrey (“STRH”) was served with a notice of claim initiating a FINRA arbitration against the Company and one employee by Metropolitan Bank Group, Inc. In this case, the plaintiff alleges that it purchased approximately $80 million in preferred securities through STRH on which it suffered significant losses. The plaintiff alleges that it subsequently was informed by its primary regulator that it was not permitted to own certain of these securities and that STRH was or should have been aware of that fact. The plaintiff also alleges that certain of the securities in question were not suitable for it because they were too risky. The plaintiff has asserted causes of action for negligence, breach of fiduciary duty, and violation of FINRA rules. The arbitration hearing in this case is scheduled for May 2012.

SunTrust Mortgage Reinsurance Class Actions
STM and Twin Rivers Insurance Company ("Twin Rivers") have been named as defendants in two putative class actions alleging that the companies entered into illegal “captive reinsurance” arrangements with private mortgage insurers. More specifically, plaintiffs allege that SunTrust’s selection of private mortgage insurers who agree to reinsure loans referred to them by SunTrust with Twin Rivers results in illegal “kickbacks” in the form of the insurance premiums paid to Twin Rivers. Plaintiffs contend that this arrangement violates the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (“RESPA”) and results in unjust enrichment to the detriment of borrowers. The first of these cases, Thurmond, Christopher, et al. v. SunTrust Banks, Inc. et al., was filed in February 2011 in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. This case currently has been stayed by the Court pending the outcome of Edwards v. First American Financial Corporation, a captive reinsurance case currently pending before the U.S. Supreme Court. The second of these cases, Acosta, Lemuel & Maria Ventrella et al. v. SunTrust Bank, SunTrust Mortgage, Inc., et al., was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California in December 2011. The Company intends to seek to have this case stayed pending a decision in the Edwards case also.

United States and States Attorneys General Mortgage Servicing Claims
In January, 2012, the Company commenced discussions related to a mortgage servicing settlement with the U.S., through the Department of Justice, and Attorneys General for several states regarding various potential claims relating to the Company's mortgage servicing activities. While these discussions are in the preliminary stages and the Company has not reached any agreement with such parties, the Company estimates that the cost of resolving these and potential similar claims, including the costs of such a settlement, borrower-specific actions, and/or legal matters to defend such claims if they are not settled, will be approximately $120 million, pre-tax, ($81 million, after-tax), and the Company has accrued this expense in the 2011 financial results of the Company. Notwithstanding the fact that the Company did not enter into material discussions until 2012, applicable accounting standards required that this estimate be reflected in the Company's financial results as of, and for the year ended, December 31, 2011 because the facts underlying such claims existed as of December 31, 2011. See Note 25, "Subsequent Event," for additional discussion.


NOTE 21 - BUSINESS SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company has three business segments used to measure business activity: Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management, Wholesale Banking, and Mortgage Banking, with the remainder in Corporate Other. The business segments are determined based on the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. The segment structure was revised during the first quarter of 2012 from the six segments the Company utilized during 2011 and 2010. The revised segment structure was done in conjunction with organizational changes made throughout the Company that were announced during the fourth quarter of 2011 and implemented in the first quarter of 2012. The following is a description of the new segments and their composition.

The Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management segment is made up of two primary businesses: Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management.

Consumer Banking provides services to consumers through an extensive network of traditional and in-store branches, ATMs, the internet (www.suntrust.com), and telephone (1-800-SUNTRUST). Financial products and services offered to consumers include consumer deposits, home equity lines, consumer lines, indirect auto, student lending, bank card, and other consumer loan and fee-based products. Consumer Banking also serves as an entry point for clients and provides services for other lines of business.

The Private Wealth Management business provides a full array of wealth management products and professional services to both individual and institutional clients including brokerage, professional investment management, and trust services to clients seeking active management of their financial resources. Private Wealth Management's primary businesses include Private Banking, STIS and IIS. Private Banking offers a full array of loan and deposit products to clients. STIS offers discount/online and full service brokerage services to individual clients. IIS includes Employee Benefit Solutions, Foundations & Endowments Specialty Group, and Escrow Services.

The Wholesale Banking segment includes the following six businesses:

CIB offers a wide array of traditional banking products (lending and treasury management services) and investment banking services. CIB serves clients in the large, middle corporate and commercial markets. The Corporate Banking Group generally serves clients with greater than $750 million in annual revenues and is focused on selected industry sectors: consumer and retail energy, financial services and technology, healthcare, and media and communications. The Middle Market Group generally serves clients with annual revenue ranging from $100 million to $750 million. Comprehensive investment banking products and services are provided by STRH to clients in both Wholesale Banking and Private Wealth Management, including strategic advice, raising capital, and financial risk management. 

Diversified Commercial Banking offers an array of traditional banking products and investment banking services as needed for the Company's small business clients, commercial clients, dealer services (financing dealer floor plan inventories), not-for-profit and government entities, and insurance premium financing through Premium Assignment Corporation.

Commercial Real Estate provides financial solutions for commercial real estate developers and investors, including construction, mini-perm, and permanent real estate financing, as well as tailored financing and equity investment solutions for community development and affordable housing projects delivered through SunTrust Community Capital. Leasing,

66

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


offering equipment lease financing solutions, is also managed within this segment.

GenSpring provides family office solutions to ultra high net worth individuals and their families. Utilizing teams of multi-disciplinary specialists with expertise in investments, tax, accounting, estate planning and other wealth management disciplines, GenSpring helps families manage and sustain their wealth across multiple generations. 

RidgeWorth, an SEC registered investment advisor, serves as investment manager for the RidgeWorth Funds as well as individual clients. RidgeWorth is also a holding company with ownership in other institutional asset management boutiques offering a wide array of equity and fixed income capabilities. These boutiques include Ceredex Value Advisors, Certium Asset Management, Seix Investment Advisors, Silvant Capital Management, StableRiver Capital Management, and Zevenbergen Capital Investments.

Treasury & Payment Solutions provides all SunTrust business clients with services required to manage their payments and receipts, and the ability to manage and optimize their deposits across all aspects of their business. Treasury & Payment Solutions operates all electronic and paper payment types, including card, wire transfer, ACH, check and cash, while providing clients the means to manage their accounts electronically online both domestically and internationally. 

The Mortgage Banking segment offers residential mortgage products nationally through its retail, broker, and correspondent channels, as well as via the internet (www.suntrust.com) and by telephone (1-800-SUNTRUST). These products are either sold in the secondary market, primarily with servicing rights retained, or held in the Company's loan portfolio. The line of business services loans for itself, for other SunTrust lines of business, and for other investors. The line of business also includes ValuTree Real Estate Services, LLC, a tax service subsidiary.

Corporate Other includes management of the Company's investment securities portfolio, long-term debt, end user derivative instruments, short-term liquidity and funding activities, balance sheet risk management, and most real estate assets. Other components include Enterprise Information Services, which is the primary information technology and operations group; the Corporate Real Estate group, Marketing, SunTrust Online, Human Resources, Finance, Corporate Risk Management, Legal and Compliance, Branch Operations, Communications, Procurement, and Executive Management.
Because the business segment results are presented based on management accounting practices, the transition to the consolidated results, which are prepared under U.S. GAAP, creates certain differences which are reflected in Reconciling Items.
For business segment reporting purposes, the basis of presentation in the accompanying discussion includes the following:
Net interest income – All net interest income is presented on a FTE basis. The revenue gross-up has been applied to tax-exempt loans and investments to make them comparable to other taxable products. The segments have also been matched maturity funds transfer priced, generating credits or charges based on the economic value or cost created by the assets and liabilities of each segment. The mismatch between funds credits and funds charges at the segment level resides in Reconciling Items. The change in the matched maturity funds mismatch is generally attributable to corporate balance sheet management strategies.
Provision for credit losses - Represents net charge-offs by segment. The difference between the segment net charge-offs and the consolidated provision for credit losses is reported in Reconciling Items.
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes - Calculated using a nominal income tax rate for each segment. This calculation includes the impact of various income adjustments, such as the reversal of the FTE gross up on tax-exempt assets, tax adjustments, and credits that are unique to each business segment. The difference between the calculated provision/(benefit) for income taxes at the segment level and the consolidated provision/(benefit) for income taxes is reported in Reconciling Items.
The segment’s financial performance is comprised of direct financial results as well as various allocations that for internal management reporting purposes provide an enhanced view of analyzing the segment’s financial performance. The internal allocations include the following:
Operational Costs – Expenses are charged to the segments based on various statistical volumes multiplied by activity based cost rates. As a result of the activity based costing process, planned residual expenses are also allocated to the segments. The recoveries for the majority of these costs are in the Corporate Other.
Support and Overhead Costs – Expenses not directly attributable to a specific segment are allocated based on various drivers (e.g., number of full-time equivalent employees and volume of loans and deposits). The recoveries for these

67

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


allocations are in Corporate Other.
Sales and Referral Credits – Segments may compensate another segment for referring or selling certain products. The majority of the revenue resides in the segment where the product is ultimately managed.
The application and development of management reporting methodologies is a dynamic process and is subject to periodic enhancements. The implementation of these enhancements to the internal management reporting methodology may materially affect the results disclosed for each segment with no impact on consolidated results. Whenever significant changes to management reporting methodologies take place, the impact of these changes is quantified and prior period information is reclassified wherever practicable.

 
Year ended December 31, 2011
(Dollars in millions)
Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management
 
Wholesale Banking
 
Mortgage Banking
 
Corporate Other
 
Reconciling
Items
 
Consolidated
Average total assets

$43,742

 

$62,310

 

$33,719

 

$31,368

 

$1,301

 

$172,440

Average total liabilities
77,308

 
55,202

 
3,838

 
15,603

 
(207
)
 
151,744

Average total equity

 

 

 

 
20,696

 
20,696

Net interest income

$2,504

 

$1,638

 

$471

 

$495

 

($43
)
 

$5,065

FTE adjustment

 
107

 

 
6

 
1

 
114

Net interest income - FTE 1
2,504

 
1,745

 
471

 
501

 
(42
)
 
5,179

Provision for credit losses 2
722

 
625

 
693

 

 
(527
)
 
1,513

Net interest income/(loss) after provision for credit losses
1,782

 
1,120

 
(222
)
 
501

 
485

 
3,666

Total noninterest income
1,436

 
1,473

 
241

 
297

 
(26
)
 
3,421

Total noninterest expense
2,784

 
2,161

 
1,206

 
111

 
(28
)
 
6,234

Income/(loss) before provision/(benefit) for income taxes
434

 
432

 
(1,187
)
 
687

 
487

 
853

Provision/(benefit) for income taxes 3
159

 
68

 
(460
)
 
235

 
191

 
193

Net income/(loss) including income attributable to noncontrolling interest
275

 
364

 
(727
)
 
452

 
296

 
660

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 
3

 

 
9

 
1

 
13

Net income/(loss)

$275

 

$361

 

($727
)
 

$443

 

$295

 

$647

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



68

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)


 
Year ended December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)
Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management
 
Wholesale Banking
 
Mortgage Banking
 
Corporate Other
 
Reconciling
Items
 
Consolidated
Average total assets

$41,778

 

$62,394

 

$34,792

 

$32,587

 

$824

 

$172,375

Average total liabilities
74,888

 
51,951

 
4,031

 
18,775

 
(104
)
 
149,541

Average total equity

 

 

 

 
22,834

 
22,834

Net interest income

$2,453

 

$1,470

 

$438

 

$456

 

$37

 

$4,854

FTE adjustment

 
106

 

 
10

 

 
116

Net interest income - FTE 1
2,453

 
1,576

 
438

 
466

 
37

 
4,970

Provision for credit losses 2
895

 
777

 
1,183

 

 
(204
)
 
2,651

Net interest income/(loss) after provision for credit losses
1,558

 
799

 
(745
)
 
466

 
241

 
2,319

Total noninterest income
1,466

 
1,515

 
521

 
257

 
(30
)
 
3,729

Total noninterest expense
2,776

 
2,070

 
1,089

 
6

 
(30
)
 
5,911

Income/(loss) before provision/(benefit) for income taxes
248

 
244

 
(1,313
)
 
717

 
241

 
137

Provision/(benefit) for income taxes 3
89

 
(5
)
 
(500
)
 
246

 
101

 
(69
)
Net income/(loss) including income attributable to noncontrolling interest
159

 
249

 
(813
)
 
471

 
140

 
206

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 
8

 
1

 
9

 
(1
)
 
17

Net income/(loss)

$159

 

$241

 

($814
)
 

$462

 

$141

 

$189

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2009
(Dollars in millions)
Consumer Banking and Private Wealth Management
 
Wholesale Banking
 
Mortgage Banking
 
Corporate Other
 
Reconciling
Items
 
Consolidated
Average total assets

$42,990

 

$67,372

 

$37,296

 
26,546

 

$1,238

 

$175,442

Average total liabilities
72,462

 
47,535

 
3,944

 
29,069

 
146

 
153,156

Average total equity

 

 

 

 
22,286

 
22,286

Net interest income

$2,180

 

$1,433

 

$500

 

$409

 

($56
)
 

$4,466

FTE adjustment

 
110

 

 
14

 
(1
)
 
123

Net interest income - FTE 1
2,180

 
1,543

 
500

 
423

 
(57
)
 
4,589

Provision for credit losses 2
1,132

 
980

 
1,125

 
1

 
826

 
4,064

Net interest income/(loss) after provision for credit losses
1,048

 
563

 
(625
)
 
422

 
(883
)
 
525

Total noninterest income
1,502

 
1,399

 
687

 
154

 
(32
)
 
3,710

Total noninterest expense
2,826

 
2,217

 
1,412

 
138

 
(31
)
 
6,562

Income/(loss) before provision/(benefit) for income taxes
(276
)
 
(255
)
 
(1,350
)
 
438

 
(884
)
 
(2,327
)
Provision/(benefit) for income taxes 3
(104
)
 
(63
)
 
(364
)
 
90

 
(334
)
 
(775
)
Net income/(loss) including income attributable to noncontrolling interest
(172
)
 
(192
)
 
(986
)
 
348

 
(550
)
 
(1,552
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 
3

 
9

 

 
12

Net income/(loss)

($172
)
 

($192
)
 

($989
)
 

$339

 

($550
)
 

($1,564
)
1Net interest income is FTE and is presented on a matched maturity funds transfer price basis for the segments.
2Provision for credit losses represents net charge-offs for the segments.
3Includes regular income tax provision/(benefit) and taxable-equivalent income adjustment reversal.

69

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)





NOTE 22 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Comprehensive income was calculated as follows:
 
 
Pre-tax Amount
 
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit
 
After-tax Amount
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
AOCI, January 1, 2009

$1,523

 

($542
)
 

$981

Unrealized net gain on securities
529

 
(188
)
 
341

Unrealized net loss on derivatives
(190
)
 
59

 
(131
)
Change related to employee benefit plans
394

 
(143
)
 
251

Adoption of OTTI guidance
(12
)
 
4

 
(8
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on securities
(98
)
 
38

 
(60
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on derivatives
(485
)
 
181

 
(304
)
AOCI, December 31, 2009
1,661

 
(591
)
 
1,070

Unrealized net gain on securities
770

 
(283
)
 
487

Unrealized net gain on derivatives
802

 
(293
)
 
509

Change related to employee benefit plans
106

 
(46
)
 
60

Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on securities
(191
)
 
70

 
(121
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on derivatives
(617
)
 
228

 
(389
)
AOCI, December 31, 2010
2,531

 
(915
)
 
1,616

Unrealized net gain on securities
653

 
(242
)
 
411

Unrealized net gain on derivatives
684

 
(253
)
 
431

Change related to employee benefit plans
(382
)
 
141

 
(241
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on securities
(117
)
 
43

 
(74
)
Reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses on derivatives
(625
)
 
231

 
(394
)
AOCI, December 31, 2011

$2,744

 

($995
)
 

$1,749




The components of AOCI at December 31 were as follows:
 
(Dollars in millions)
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Unrealized net gain on AFS securities

$1,863

 

$1,526

 

$1,160

Unrealized net gain on derivative financial instruments
569

 
532

 
412

Employee benefit plans
(683
)
 
(442
)
 
(502
)
Total AOCI

$1,749

 

$1,616

 

$1,070


NOTE 23 - OTHER NONINTEREST EXPENSE

Other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss) includes:
 
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Consulting and legal
 

$120

 

$84

 

$57

Other staff expense
 
95

 
55

 
51

Postage and delivery
 
81

 
83

 
84

Communications
 
63

 
64

 
67

Operating supplies
 
45

 
47

 
41

Mortgage reinsurance
 
28

 
27

 
115

Other expense
 
299

 
332

 
337

Total other noninterest expense
 

$731

 

$692

 

$752





NOTE 24 - SUNTRUST BANKS, INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Statements of Income/(Loss) - Parent Company Only
 
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends1
 

$29

 

$28

 

$14

Interest on loans
 
11

 
2

 
3

Trading income/(loss)
 
53

 
44

 
(2
)
Other income
 
132

 
165

 
62

Total income
 
225

 
239

 
77

Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on short-term borrowings
 
9

 
9

 
8

Interest on long-term debt
 
226

 
228

 
273

Employee compensation and benefits2
 
(7
)
 
(13
)
 
(46
)
Service fees to subsidiaries
 
11

 
2

 
15

Potential mortgage servicing settlement and claims expense
 
120

 

 

Other expense
 
13

 
21

 
36

Total expense
 
372

 
247

 
286

Loss before income taxes and equity in undistributed income/(loss) of subsidiaries
 
(147
)
 
(8
)
 
(209
)
Income tax benefit
 
49

 
12

 
97

(Loss)/income before equity in undistributed income/(loss) of subsidiaries
 
(98
)
 
4

 
(112
)
Equity in undistributed income/(loss) of subsidiaries
 
745

 
185

 
(1,452
)
Net income/(loss)
 
647

 
189

 
(1,564
)
Preferred dividends, Series A
 
(7
)
 
(7
)
 
(14
)
Dividends and accretion of discount on preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury
 
(66
)
 
(267
)
 
(266
)
Accelerated accretion associated with repurchase of preferred stock issued
to the U.S. Treasury
 
(74
)
 

 

Gain on repurchase of Series A preferred stock
 

 

 
94

Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to unvested shares
 
(5
)
 
(2
)
 
17

Net income/(loss) available to common shareholders
 

$495

 

($87
)
 

($1,733
)
1Substantially all dividend income received from subsidiaries.
2 Includes incentive compensation allocations between Parent Company and subsidiaries.




Balance Sheets - Parent Company Only
 
 
December 31    
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash held at SunTrust Bank
 

$220

 

$1

Interest-bearing deposits held at other banks
 
19

 
19

Interest-bearing deposits held at SunTrust Bank
 
1,402

 
2,857

Cash and cash equivalents
 
1,641

 
2,877

Trading assets
 
93

 
207

Securities available for sale
 
324

 
4,717

Loans to subsidiaries
 
3,666

 
481

Investment in capital stock of subsidiaries stated on the
basis of the Company’s equity in subsidiaries’ capital accounts:
 
 
 
 
Banking subsidiaries
 
21,783

 
20,631

Nonbanking subsidiaries
 
1,278

 
1,249

Goodwill
 
99

 
99

Other assets
 
397

 
324

Total assets
 

$29,281

 

$30,585

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
 
 
 
 
Short-term borrowings:
 
 
 
 
Subsidiaries
 

$392

 

$284

Non-affiliated companies
 
1,710

 
1,355

Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
Subsidiaries
 
160

 
160

Non-affiliated companies
 
6,294

 
4,978

Other liabilities
 
766

 
807

Total liabilities
 
9,322

 
7,584

Preferred stock
 
275

 
4,942

Common stock
 
550

 
515

Additional paid in capital
 
9,306

 
8,403

Retained earnings
 
8,978

 
8,542

Treasury stock, at cost, and other
 
(899
)
 
(1,017
)
AOCI, net of tax
 
1,749

 
1,616

Total shareholders’ equity
 
19,959

 
23,001

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 

$29,281

 

$30,585




Statements of Cash Flows - Parent Company Only
 
 
Year Ended December 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income/(loss)
 

$647

 

$189

 

($1,564
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in undistributed (income)/loss of subsidiaries
 
(745
)
 
(185
)
 
1,452

Depreciation, amortization and accretion
 
17

 
15

 
12

Potential mortgage servicing settlement and claims expense
 
120

 

 

Deferred income tax (benefit)/provision
 
(56
)
 
(7
)
 
23

Stock option compensation and amortization of restricted stock compensation
 
44

 
66

 
77

Net (gain)/loss on extinguishment of debt
 
(3
)
 
1

 
32

Net securities gains
 
(92
)
 
(38
)
 
(7
)
Net gain on sale of assets
 

 
(18
)
 

Contributions to retirement plans
 
(8
)
 
(8
)
 
(26
)
Net (increase)/decrease in other assets
 
(192
)
 
38

 
50

Net increase in other liabilities
 
10

 
123

 
48

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
 
(258
)
 
176

 
97

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from maturities, calls and repayments of securities available for sale
 
61

 
164

 
81

Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale
 
6,700

 
7,664

 
38

Purchases of securities available for sale
 
(2,374
)
 
(7,737
)
 
(5,540
)
Proceeds from maturities, calls and repayments of trading securities
 
137

 
97

 
129

Proceeds from sales of trading securities
 
75

 
79

 
9

Purchases of trading securities
 

 

 
(87
)
Net change in loans to subsidiaries
 
(3,185
)
 
221

 
134

Capital contributions to subsidiaries
 
(250
)
 

 

Sale of other assets
 

 
7

 

Other, net
 

 
15

 
2

Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
 
1,164

 
510

 
(5,234
)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase in other short-term borrowings
 
463

 
5

 
444

Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt
 
1,749

 

 
575

Repayment of long-term debt
 
(482
)
 
(350
)
 
(673
)
Proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock
 
103

 

 

Proceeds from the issuance of common stock
 
1,017

 

 
1,830

Repurchase of preferred stock
 
(4,850
)
 

 
(228
)
Dividends paid
 
(131
)
 
(259
)
 
(329
)
Purchase of outstanding warrants
 
(11
)
 

 

Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities
 
(2,142
)
 
(604
)
 
1,619

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
(1,236
)
 
82

 
(3,518
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
2,877

 
2,795

 
6,313

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 

$1,641

 

$2,877

 

$2,795

Supplemental Disclosures:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income taxes (paid to)/received from subsidiaries
 

($2
)
 

($338
)
 

$125

Income taxes (paid)/received by Parent Company
 
(66
)
 
406

 
(1
)
Net income taxes (paid)/received by Parent Company
 

($68
)
 

$68

 

$124

Interest paid
 

$246

 

$233

 

$275

Accretion of discount for preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury
 
80

 
25

 
23

Extinguishment of forward stock purchase contract
 

 

 
174

Gain on repurchase of Series A preferred stock
 

 

 
94

Noncash capital contribution to subsidiary
 

 
997

 
152



NOTE 25 - SUBSEQUENT EVENT

In January 2012, the Company commenced discussions related to a mortgage servicing settlement with the U.S., through the Department of Justice, and the Attorneys General for several states regarding various potential claims relating to the Company's mortgage servicing activities. As a result of these discussions, the Company currently estimates that the cost of resolving these potential claims will be approximately $120 million, pre-tax, or $81 million, after-tax, and has reflected this estimate in Potential Mortgage Servicing Settlement and Claims Expense within the financial results in these Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements as of, and for the year ended December 31, 2011, because the facts underlying such claims existed as of December 31, 2011. See Note 20, "Contingencies," for additional discussion.


70