Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

The following table disaggregates our revenues by type within each of our business segments:

	Revenue recognized for Year Ended December 31,
Revenue category	2023		2022		2021
Gaming
Gaming operations(1)	$	661	$	635	$	601
Gaming machine sales	708		522		360
Gaming systems	268		255		204
Table products	213		189		156
Total	$	1,850	$	1,601	$	1,321
SciPlay
Mobile in-app purchases	$	681	$	584	$	537
Web in-app purchases and other(2)	96		87		69
Total	$	777	$	671	$	606
iGaming	$	275	$	240	$	226
(1) Gaming operations revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 benefited from $44 million VAT recovery received from certain U.K. customers related to a 2020 U.K. court ruling associated with overcharging of VAT for gaming operators that consequently reduced our net gaming revenues related to these customers and arrangements.
(2) Other primarily represents advertising revenue, which was not material in the periods presented.

General

We evaluate the recognition of revenue and rental income based on the criteria set forth in ASC 606 or ASC 842, as appropriate. Revenue is recognized net of incentive rebates and discounts when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Sales taxes and all other items of a similar nature are excluded from the measurement of the transaction price, and shipping and handling activities are treated as a fulfillment of our promise to transfer the goods and are, hence, included in cost of products.

Our credit terms are predominately short term in nature. We also grant extended payment terms under certain Gaming contracts, with financing terms of more than 12 months, primarily where the sale is secured by the related equipment sold. For these contracts with customers for which the financing component is determined to be significant to the contract, and that have financing terms of more than 12 months, the contract transaction price is adjusted for the effect of a financing component (time value of money).

Any sales commissions associated with the sale or placement of our products and services are expensed as incurred, as contracts associated with sales commissions are generally completed within a one-year period.

Contracts with Customers with Multiple Promised Goods and Services

We enter into contracts with customers that include multiple promises (such as gaming machines, gaming systems hardware and software, installation, service and maintenance, warranties and maintenance bundled promises). For such contracts, the transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation using an estimate of stand-alone selling price, which is generally based on observable prices or a cost plus margin approach. The establishment of stand-alone selling price requires judgment as to whether there is a sufficient quantity of items sold or substantively renewed on a stand-alone basis, and those prices demonstrate an appropriate level of concentration to conclude that a stand-alone selling price exists.

The guidance in ASC 606 requires that we apply judgments or estimates to determine both the performance obligations and the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations. Contracts with multiple promised goods and services

described above will often involve significant judgment in determining whether each promise is distinct or should be combined with other promises in such contracts in concluding on the distinct performance obligations for such contracts. Such judgment generally requires an assessment of the level of integration and interdependency between individual components, particularly in our gaming systems contracts with customers. Associated with these same contracts, we also apply significant judgment to determine the stand-alone selling prices of the identified performance obligations.

Gaming Operations

Gaming operations revenues are generated by providing customers access to proprietary land-based gaming equipment and content, electronic table game products and VLTs under a variety of recurring operating, service or rental contracts, for which consideration is based upon a percentage of Coin-in, a percentage of Net win, or a fixed daily/monthly fee, with variability generally resolved in the reporting period. For these contracts with customers, we generally transfer control and recognize revenue or rental income over time based on the amount we expect to receive as described and classify such revenue or rental income as services revenue. Payments from customers under these contracts are typically due on a monthly basis. Jackpot expense for our WAP services is recorded as a reduction to revenue, which decreased revenue by $17 million, $23 million, and $27 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 respectively.

The amount of rental income revenue that is outside the scope of ASC 606 was $498 million, $466 million, and $374 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

Gaming Machine Sales

These contracts with customers include the sale of gaming machines, including game content, electronic table game products and parts (including game themes and conversion kits). We transfer control and recognize revenue from the sale of gaming machines at a point in time upon delivery of gaming machines to our customers or distributors pursuant to the terms of the contract.

Gaming Systems

Gaming systems contracts with customers can include a comprehensive suite of technology solutions provided to gaming operators, including perpetual licenses to core system solutions and non-core system solutions and other applications and tools. Gaming systems products also include the iVIEW touch screen display, which facilitates the player experience, bonus features, customer service, employee functions and ongoing hardware and software maintenance services and upgrades.

Determination of performance obligations and timing of the transfer of control varies by contract. Generally, these contracts contain multiple promised goods and services, including the following: (i) core system software license; (ii) non-core system software license(s); (iii) professional services; (iv) system-based hardware; (v) in-game hardware products and (vi) software and hardware maintenance and product support.

Control transfers, and we recognize revenue, from the sale of perpetual gaming systems licenses and various hardware products at a point in time when the gaming system is available for use by a customer which is no earlier than the commencement of the license term, and for the hardware products, upon delivery. For contracts that include new core gaming system installations, control is not considered transferred until control of the core gaming system license is transferred as the additional promises are generally highly dependent on the core gaming system. Software and hardware maintenance and product support services are considered stand-ready obligations; therefore, control transfers and revenue is recognized over time over the term of the maintenance and support period.

Table Products

Table products revenue is generated from supplying and maintaining or selling table game products, primarily including automatic card shufflers, deck checkers, table roulette chip sorters and other land-based table gaming equipment. We transfer control and recognize revenue from the sale of table products at a point in time upon delivery to our customers or distributors pursuant to the terms of the contract. For supply and maintenance contracts, for which consideration is primarily based on a fixed monthly fee, we generally transfer control and recognize rental income over the term of the supply period and classify such rental income as service revenue. Such contracts are generally short-term in nature. We also license our proprietary table games content, for which revenue is recognized at a point in time under the licensing of intellectual property guidance as such licenses are functional licenses or over time for subscription arrangements to our proprietary table games content library.

SciPlay

SciPlay in-app purchase revenues are generated from the sale of virtual coins, chips and bingo cards (“coins, chips and cards”), which players can use to play casino‑style slot games, table games and bingo games (i.e., spin in the case of slot games,

bet in the case of table games and use bingo cards in the case of bingo games). SciPlay distributes its games through various global social web and mobile platforms such as Facebook, Apple, Google, Amazon and Microsoft. Control transfers, and SciPlay recognizes revenues, from player purchases of coins, chips and cards as the coins, chips and cards are consumed for game play and cannot be redeemed nor exchanged for cash. SciPlay determined through a review of play behavior that game players generally do not purchase additional coins, chips and cards until their existing coins, chips and cards balances have been substantially consumed. As SciPlay is able to track the duration between purchases of coins, chips and cards for individual game players for specific games, SciPlay is able to reliably estimate the period of time over which coins, chips and cards are consumed. Accordingly, for most games, SciPlay recognizes revenue using an item-based revenue model. Because SciPlay has control over the content and functionality of games before they are accessed by the end user, SciPlay has determined it is the principal and, as a result, revenues are recorded on a gross basis. Payment processing fees paid to platform providers (such as Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Google and Microsoft) are recorded within cost of services.

SciPlay also has contractual relationships with various advertising service providers for advertisements within certain games. Revenue from advertisements is recognized at a point in time when the advertisements are displayed. The transaction price is generally determined by a master contract or third-party statement of activity and based on the stated revenue share percentages. These revenues were immaterial for all periods presented.

All SciPlay revenue is classified as services revenue.

iGaming

iGaming revenue is generated from various games made available via our aggregation platforms, remote gaming servers and various other platforms, which deliver a wide spectrum of internally developed and branded games and popular third-party provided games to gaming operators. iGaming revenue is also generated from platform technology solutions, which provide gaming operators optional portals for reporting and administrative functions. We provide daily access to these platforms and are typically compensated based on variable consideration, such as a percentage of net gaming revenue, with variability generally resolved in the reporting period. All iGaming revenue is classified as services revenue.

Contract Liabilities and Other Disclosures

The following table summarizes the activity in our contract liabilities for the reporting period:

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
Contract liability balance, beginning of period(1)	$	36
Liabilities recognized during the period	20
Amounts recognized in revenue from beginning balance	(29)
Contract liability balance, end of period(1)	$	27
(1) Contract liabilities are included within Accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables, unbilled receivables (contract assets), and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) on our consolidated balance sheets. Other than contracts with customers with financing arrangements exceeding 12 months, revenue recognition is generally proximal to conversion to cash.

The following table summarizes our opening and closing balances in our receivables and contract assets:

	Receivables		Contract Assets(1)
End of period balance, December 31, 2022	$	469	$	24
End of period balance, December 31, 2023	543		24
(1) Contract assets are included primarily within Prepaid expenses, deposits and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheets.