Restructuring and other

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and other includes charges or expenses attributable to: (i) employee severance; (ii) management restructuring and related costs; (iii) restructuring and integration; (iv) cost savings initiatives; (v) major litigation; and (vi) acquisition and disposition related costs and other unusual items. The following table summarizes pre-tax restructuring and other costs for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Employee severance and related(1)	$	3	$	7	$	3	$	28

Strategic review and related(2)	31		—		57		—
Restructuring, integration and other(3)	11		10		36		20
Total	$	45	$	17	$	96	$	48

(1) The three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes $6 million and $28 million, respectively, in severance and other benefits granted to employees as a result of COVID-19 related austerity measures.
(2) Represents costs associated with the divestitures of the Lottery and Sports Betting businesses as further described in Note 1.
(3) The three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 largely consist of costs associated with business optimization initiatives.