Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

We consider new evidence (both positive and negative) at each reporting date that could affect our view of the future realization of deferred tax assets. Based upon the evaluation of all available evidence, and considering the projected U.S. pre-tax losses for 2019, we maintain a valuation allowance for certain of our U.S. operations as of June 30, 2019. We maintained other valuation allowances for certain non-U.S. jurisdictions with cumulative losses.

The effective income tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 were (10)% and (13)%, respectively, and 0% and (3%) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, and were determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate after considering any discrete items for such periods. Due to the aforementioned valuation allowance against certain U.S. net deferred tax assets, the effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 do not include the benefits of the U.S. tax losses, and we recorded an overall tax expense in both periods due to foreign pre-tax earnings. The change in the effective tax rates relates primarily to the overall mix of income in our foreign jurisdictions.