Fair Value of Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset and liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We estimate the fair value of our assets and liabilities when required using an established three-level hierarchy in accordance with ASC 820.

The fair value of our financial assets and liabilities is determined by reference to market data and other valuation techniques as appropriate. We believe the fair value of our financial instruments, which are principally cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximates their recorded values. Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (other than our investment in NYX as discussed in Note 13) are described below.

Interest rate swap contracts

We record derivative financial instruments on the balance sheet at their respective fair values. We currently use swap contracts as described below to mitigate gains or losses associated with the change in expected cash flows due to fluctuations in interest rates on our variable rate debt.

We hedge a portion of our interest expense associated with our variable rate debt to effectively fix the interest rates that we pay. We have interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges under ASC 815. Under these hedges, we pay interest at a weighted-average fixed rate of 2.151% and receive interest at the greater of 1% or the prevailing three-month LIBOR rate. The total notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding was $700.0 million as of both December 31, 2017 and 2016.

These hedges are highly effective in offsetting changes in our future expected cash flows due to the fluctuation in the three-month LIBOR rate associated with our variable rate debt. The effectiveness of these hedges is measured quarterly on a retrospective basis. As a result of the effective matching of the critical terms on our variable rate interest expense being hedged to the hedging instruments being used, we have not measured any hedge ineffectiveness through the date of our February 2017 Refinancing as described in Note 16. Subsequent to the February 2017 Refinancing, our hedges remained highly effective as measured by our regression analysis. We expect our interest rate swaps to continue to remain highly effective. All gains and losses from these hedges are recorded in other comprehensive loss until the future underlying payment transactions occur. Any realized gains or losses resulting from the hedges are recognized (together with the hedged transaction) as interest expense. We estimate the fair value of our interest rate swap contracts by discounting the future cash flows of both the fixed rate and variable rate interest payments based on market yield curves. The inputs used to measure the fair value of our interest rate swap contracts are categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

The following table shows the losses (gains) on our interest rate swap contracts:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2017			2016			2015
Gains recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	$	(4.2	)	$	(3.0	)	$	(1.6	)
Reclassifications of losses out of accumulated other comprehensive loss	7.3			8.2			5.2
Ineffectiveness recorded in interest expense	(0.3		)	—			—

We expect to reclassify additional losses of $0.2 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense in January 2018 when these swaps expired. The following table shows the fair value of our hedges:



	As of December 31,
	2017		2016
Accrued liabilities	$	0.2	$	6.7
Other long-term liabilities	—		0.2
Total fair value	$	0.2	$	6.9

There were no assets or liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 other than the contingent consideration discussed in Note 9.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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