10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
	For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022
	OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

Commission File Number 1-14443

Gartner, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	04-3099750
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification Number)
P.O. Box 10212	06902-7700
56 Top Gallant Road	(Zip Code)
Stamford,
Connecticut
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203) 316-1111

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.0005 par value per share	IT	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
		Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of October 28, 2022, 79,024,380 shares of the registrant’s common shares were outstanding.

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Table of Contents

	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	28
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	41
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	42
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	43
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS	43
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	43
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS	44

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited; in thousands, except share data)

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $7,500 and $6,500, respectively	1,047,140		1,365,180
Deferred commissions	269,310		380,569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	135,118		117,838
Total current assets	1,980,255		2,620,080
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	256,176		273,562
Operating lease right-of-use assets	460,910		548,258
Goodwill	2,936,140		2,951,317
Intangible assets, net	603,833		714,418
Other assets	288,640		308,689
Total Assets	$	6,525,954	$	7,416,324
Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	848,910	$	1,134,814
Deferred revenues	2,229,648		2,238,035
Current portion of long-term debt	7,335		5,931
Total current liabilities	3,085,893		3,378,780
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	2,454,853		2,456,833
Operating lease liabilities	614,442		697,766
Other liabilities	435,692		511,887
Total Liabilities	6,590,880		7,045,266
Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82		82
Additional paid-in capital	2,161,940		2,074,896
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(130,548)		(81,431)
Accumulated earnings	3,600,012		3,049,027
Treasury stock, at cost, 84,433,523 and 81,205,504 common shares, respectively	(5,696,412)		(4,671,516)
Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	(64,926)		371,058
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	$	6,525,954	$	7,416,324

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenues:
Research	$	1,147,823	$	1,037,124	$	3,426,532	$	3,020,094
Conferences	77,031		24,415		200,910		107,396
Consulting	107,014		94,743		343,687		300,149
Total revenues	1,331,868		1,156,282		3,971,129		3,427,639
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	416,837		359,237		1,218,405		1,044,506
Selling, general and administrative	613,031		512,573		1,835,846		1,488,324
Depreciation	22,882		25,371		68,993		76,972
Amortization of intangibles	24,369		27,109		74,271		83,777
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331		1,771		5,827		3,713
Total costs and expenses	1,078,450		926,061		3,203,342		2,697,292
Operating income	253,418		230,221		767,787		730,347
Interest expense, net	(30,286)		(31,599)		(91,399)		(85,138)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	—		—		—		135,545
Other income, net	8,930		211		46,684		12,019
Income before income taxes	232,062		198,833		723,072		792,773
Provision for income taxes	58,517		49,968		172,087		208,572
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201
Net income per share:
Basic	$	2.19	$	1.78	$	6.84	$	6.80
Diluted	$	2.17	$	1.76	$	6.77	$	6.72
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	79,259		83,566		80,516		85,877
Diluted	80,059		84,766		81,373		86,925

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited; in thousands)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(29,961)		(6,488)		(62,190)		(1,172)
Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	3,886		5,529		13,125		16,256
Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	43		100		(52)		307
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(26,032)		(859)		(49,117)		15,391
Comprehensive income	$	147,513	$	148,006	$	501,868	$	599,592

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity

(Unaudited; in thousands)

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	82	$	2,074,896	$	(81,431)	$	3,049,027	$	(4,671,516)	$	371,058
Net income	—		—		—		172,515		—		172,515
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(1,380)		—		—		(1,380)
Issuances under stock plans	—		579		—		—		6,385		6,964
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(463,125)		(463,125)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		32,121		—		—		—		32,121
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	82	$	2,107,596	$	(82,811)	$	3,221,542	$	(5,128,256)	$	118,153
Net income	—		—		—		204,925		—		204,925
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(21,705)		—		—		(21,705)
Issuances under stock plans	—		4,634		—		—		427		5,061
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(473,755)		(473,755)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		24,454		—		—		—		24,454
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	82	$	2,136,684	$	(104,516)	$	3,426,467	$	(5,601,584)	$	(142,867)
Net income	—		—		—		173,545		—		173,545
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(26,032)		—		—		(26,032)
Issuances under stock plans	—		4,288		—		—		706		4,994
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(95,534)		(95,534)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		20,968		—		—		—		20,968
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	82	$	2,161,940	$	(130,548)	$	3,600,012	$	(5,696,412)	$	(64,926)

6

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	82	$	1,968,930	$	(99,228)	$	2,255,467	$	(3,034,823)	$	1,090,428
Net income	—		—		—		164,100		—		164,100
Other comprehensive income	—		—		6,050		—		—		6,050
Issuances under stock plans	—		(1,543)		—		—		6,923		5,380
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(410,450)		(410,450)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		36,086		—		—		—		36,086
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	82	$	2,003,473	$	(93,178)	$	2,419,567	$	(3,438,350)	$	891,594
Net income	—		—		—		271,236		—		271,236
Other comprehensive income	—		—		10,200		—		—		10,200
Issuances under stock plans	—		2,063		—		—		2,017		4,080
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(675,662)		(675,662)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		26,190		—		—		—		26,190
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	82	$	2,031,726	$	(82,978)	$	2,690,803	$	(4,111,995)	$	527,638
Net income	—		—		—		148,865		—		148,865
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(859)		—		—		(859)
Issuances under stock plans	—		3,411		—		—		720		4,131
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(364,694)		(364,694)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		19,426		—		—		—		19,426
Balance at September 30, 2021	$	82	$	2,054,563	$	(83,837)	$	2,839,668	$	(4,475,969)	$	334,507

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited; in thousands)

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2022		2021
Operating activities:
Net income	$	550,985	$	584,201
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	143,264		160,749
Stock-based compensation expense	77,543		81,702
Deferred taxes	2,476		449
Loss on impairment of lease related assets	37,546		—
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	52,686		56,162
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	3,420		3,036
Gain on de-designated swaps	(51,745)		(12,149)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Fees receivable, net	258,543		257,541
Deferred commissions	96,841		6,783
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(19,936)		(18,418)
Other assets	6,371		(23,979)
Deferred revenues	92,527		103,565
Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(352,208)		(121,958)
Cash provided by operating activities	898,313		1,077,684
Investing activities:
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(70,461)		(38,670)
Acquisitions - cash paid (net of cash acquired)	(4,109)		(23,030)
Cash used in investing activities	(74,570)		(61,700)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	16,980		13,527
Proceeds from borrowings	—		600,000
Payments of deferred financing fees	—		(7,320)
Payments on revolving credit facility	—		(5,000)
Payments on borrowings	(3,996)		(106,585)
Purchases of treasury stock	(1,026,414)		(1,438,808)
Cash used in financing activities	(1,013,430)		(944,186)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(189,687)		71,798
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(42,228)		(14,651)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	760,602		712,583
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	528,687	$	769,730

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

8

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation

Business. Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) delivers actionable, objective insight to executives and their teams. Our expert guidance and tools enable faster, smarter decisions and stronger performance on an organization’s mission critical priorities.

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for the Company’s segments are discussed in Note 7 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2022 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	—		4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consisted of an escrow account established in connection with the Company’s 2021 business acquisition. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of restricted cash for deferred

9

consideration related to a 2021 acquisition. Note 2 - Acquisition provides additional information regarding the 2021 acquisition.

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Note 4 — Revenue and Related Matters provides additional information regarding the Company’s revenues.

Gain on event cancellation insurance claims. In May 2021, the Company received $150.0 million of proceeds related to 2020 event cancellation insurance claims, and recorded a pre-tax gain of $135.5 million. The Company does not record any gain on insurance claims in excess of expenses incurred until the receipt of the insurance proceeds is deemed to be realizable.

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standard described below during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Business Combinations — In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations, Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU No. 2021-08”). ASU No. 2021-08 provides guidance for a business combination on how to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers and other contracts that apply the provisions of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Specifically, the proposed amendments would require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606. Generally, this would result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements (if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP). The rule will be effective for public entities on January 1, 2023, with early adoption permitted. Gartner has elected to adopt ASU No. 2021-08 effective January 1, 2022. ASU No. 2021-08 will not impact acquired contract assets or liabilities from business combinations occurring prior to January 1, 2022, and the impact in future periods will depend on the contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in future business combinations.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU No. 2020-04”). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective later in 2022

Government Assistance — In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“ASU No. 2021-10”). ASU No. 2021-10 requires business entities to annually disclose information about certain government assistance they receive. The rule will be effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of ASU No. 2021-10 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

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Note 2 — Acquisition

On June 17, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding capital stock of Pulse Q&A Inc. (“Pulse”), a privately-held company based in San Francisco, California, for an aggregate purchase price of $29.9 million. Pulse is a technology-enabled community platform.

During 2021, the Company paid $22.9 million in cash for Pulse after considering the cash acquired with the business, amounts held in escrow and certain other purchase price adjustments. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of deferred consideration held in escrow. In addition to the purchase price, the Company may also be required to pay up to $4.5 million in cash based on the continuing employment of certain key employees. Such amounts are recognized as compensation expense over three years post-acquisition and reported in Acquisition and integration charges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company recorded $31.0 million of goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets and $1.1 million of liabilities on a net basis for the Pulse acquisition.

Note 3 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Evaluations of the recoverability of goodwill are performed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, which requires an annual assessment of potential goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

When performing the annual assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, the Company initially performs a qualitative analysis evaluating whether any events or circumstances occurred or exist that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount. If the Company does not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount, then no quantitative impairment test is performed. However, if the results of the qualitative assessment indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its respective carrying amount, then a quantitative impairment test is performed. Evaluating the recoverability of goodwill requires judgments and assumptions regarding future trends and events. As a result, both the precision and reliability of the estimates are subject to uncertainty.

The Company’s most recent annual impairment test of goodwill was a qualitative analysis conducted during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 that indicated no impairment. Subsequent to completing the 2022 annual impairment test, there were no events or changes in circumstances noted that required an interim impairment test.

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 (1)	$	2,670,934	$	184,021	$	96,362	$	2,951,317
Foreign currency translation impact	(12,751)		(148)		(2,278)		(15,177)
Balance at September 30, 2022 (1)	$	2,658,183	$	183,873	$	94,084	$	2,936,140

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

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Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

September 30, 2022	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2021	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Foreign currency translation impact	(60,366)		(888)		—		(61,254)
Gross cost	1,035,992		60,328		10,436		1,106,756
Accumulated amortization (1)	(454,382)		(43,189)		(5,352)		(502,923)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	581,610	$	17,139	$	5,084	$	603,833

December 31, 2021	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Accumulated amortization (1)	(413,266)		(35,727)		(4,599)		(453,592)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	683,092	$	25,489	$	5,837	$	714,418

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; Technology-related—3 to 7 years; and Other—4 to 11 years.

Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $24.4 million and $27.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $74.3 million and $83.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2022 (remaining three months)	$	23,979
2023	95,901
2024	88,802
2025	78,302
2026	75,628
Thereafter	241,221
	$	603,833

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Note 4 — Revenue and Related Matters

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	771,534	$	44,499	$	67,194	$	883,227
Europe, Middle East and Africa	245,093		18,034		26,644		289,771
Other International	131,196		14,498		13,176		158,870
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	671,517	$	14,171	$	56,715	$	742,403
Europe, Middle East and Africa	242,273		7,975		26,707		276,955
Other International	123,334		2,269		11,321		136,924
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	2,264,733	$	139,418	$	208,799	$	2,612,950
Europe, Middle East and Africa	763,639		40,308		93,135		897,082
Other International	398,160		21,184		41,753		461,097
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	1,949,282	$	74,098	$	173,806	$	2,197,186
Europe, Middle East and Africa	709,230		25,156		92,528		826,914
Other International	361,582		8,142		33,815		403,539
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate the Company’s revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.

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By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	1,045,425	$	—	$	90,316	$	1,135,741
Transferred at a point in time (2)	102,398		77,031		16,698		196,127
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	944,206	$	—	$	77,538	$	1,021,744
Transferred at a point in time (2)	92,918		24,415		17,205		134,538
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	3,109,099	$	—	$	281,953	$	3,391,052
Transferred at a point in time (2)	317,433		200,910		61,734		580,077
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	2,755,047	$	—	$	247,869	$	3,002,916
Transferred at a point in time (2)	265,047		107,396		52,280		424,723
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Research revenues are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues are recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables are provided to the customer.

Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of September 30, 2022 was approximately $4.9 billion. The Company expects to recognize $0.8 billion, $2.6 billion and $1.5 billion of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2022, the year ending December 31, 2023 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. The Company’s performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of the Company’s billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

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	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,054,640	$	1,371,680
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	23,474	$	20,054
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	2,229,648	$	2,238,035
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	31,049		48,176
Total contract liabilities	$	2,260,697	$	2,286,211

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restrictions.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s).

The Company recognized revenue of $931.6 million and $818.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.8 billion and $1.5 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer during the reporting periods. During each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets.

Note 5 — Computation of Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in earnings. Potential shares of common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share when their effect would be anti-dilutive.

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	79,259		83,566		80,516		85,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	800		1,200		857		1,048
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	80,059		84,766		81,373		86,925
Basic income per share	$	2.19	$	1.78	$	6.84	$	6.80
Diluted income per share	$	2.17	$	1.76	$	6.77	$	6.72

(1)Certain outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These anti-dilutive outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans totaled approximately 0.1 million for both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the number of anti-dilutive shares was de minimis.

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Note 6 — Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had 3.9 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its current Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended and restated in January 2019 (the “Plan”).

The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Award type	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock appreciation rights	$	2.2	$	2.1	$	6.6	$	6.1
Restricted stock units (2)	18.6		17.1		70.4		75.0
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2		0.6		0.6
Total (1)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Expense category line item	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of services and product development	$	7.6	$	6.9	$	27.0	$	28.6
Selling, general and administrative	13.4		12.5		50.6		53.1
Total (1) (2)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

(1)Includes costs of $5.4 million and $5.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $32.7 million and $38.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2)On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the PSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Note 7 — Segment Information

The Company’s products and services are delivered through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research equips executives and their teams from every function and across all industries with actionable, objective insight, guidance and tools. Our experienced experts deliver all this value informed by an unmatched combination of practitioner-sourced and data-driven research to help our clients address their mission critical priorities.

•Conferences provides executives and teams across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and guidance.

•Consulting serves senior executives leading technology-driven strategic initiatives leveraging the power of Gartner’s actionable, objective insight. Through custom analysis and on-the-ground support we enable optimized technology investments and stronger performance on our clients’ mission critical priorities.

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The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are no intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources.

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Gross contribution	848,438		40,318		37,213		925,969
Corporate and other expenses							(672,551)
Operating income							$	253,418
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Gross contribution	769,091		11,456		30,972		811,519
Corporate and other expenses							(581,298)
Operating income							$	230,221

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Gross contribution	2,541,782		110,968		138,448		2,791,198
Corporate and other expenses							(2,023,411)
Operating income							$	767,787

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639
Gross contribution	2,235,594		67,954		112,840		2,416,388
Corporate and other expenses							(1,686,041)
Operating income							$	730,347

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The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Total segment gross contribution	$	925,969	$	811,519	$	2,791,198	$	2,416,388
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	10,938		14,474		38,474		33,255
Selling, general and administrative	613,031		512,573		1,835,846		1,488,324
Depreciation and amortization	47,251		52,480		143,264		160,749
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331		1,771		5,827		3,713
Operating income	253,418		230,221		767,787		730,347
Interest expense and other, net	(21,356)		(31,388)		(44,715)		(73,119)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	—		—		—		135,545
Less: Provision for income taxes	58,517		49,968		172,087		208,572
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company’s policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee’s target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

Note 8 — Debt

The Company’s total outstanding borrowings are summarized in the table below (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021
2020 Credit Agreement - Term loan facility (1)	$	284,000	$	287,600
2020 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	—		—
Senior Notes due 2028 (“2028 Notes”) (3)	800,000		800,000
Senior Notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes”) (4)	600,000		600,000
Senior Notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) (5)	800,000		800,000
Other (6)	5,135		5,531
Principal amount outstanding (7)	2,489,135		2,493,131
Less: deferred financing fees (8)	(26,947)		(30,367)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,462,188	$	2,462,764

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of September 30, 2022 on the 2020 Credit Agreement Term loan facility and the Revolving credit facility was 4.50%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 3.125% plus a margin of 1.375%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the 2020 Credit Agreement revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of September 30, 2022.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2028 Notes outstanding. The 2028 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.50% and mature on July 1, 2028.

(4)Consists of $600.0 million principal amount of 2029 Notes outstanding. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.625% and mature on June 15, 2029.

(5)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2030 Notes outstanding. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% and mature on October 1, 2030.

(6)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $0.1 million as of September 30, 2022 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan, originated in 2019, has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

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(7)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company’s outstanding debt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.68% and 4.69%, respectively.

(8)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

2029 Notes

On June 18, 2021, the Company issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% Senior Notes due 2029. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 18, 2021 (the “2029 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2029 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2021. The 2029 Notes will mature on June 15, 2029.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time on or after June 15, 2024 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2029 Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to June 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2029 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2029 Note Indenture.

2030 Notes

On September 28, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030. The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of September 28, 2020 (the “2030 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2030 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per annum. Interest on the 2030 Notes is payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2021. The 2030 Notes will mature on October 1, 2030.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2030 Notes at any time on or after October 1, 2025 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to October 1, 2025, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2030 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture.

2028 Notes

On June 22, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Senior Notes due 2028. The 2028 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 22, 2020 (the “2028 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2028 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 4.50% per annum. Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2021. The 2028 Notes will mature on July 1, 2028.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at any time on or after July 1, 2023 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to July 1, 2023, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2028 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture.

2020 Credit Agreement

The Company has a credit facility that currently provides for a $400.0 million Term loan facility and a $1.0 billion Revolving credit facility (the “2020 Credit Agreement”). The 2020 Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 30, 2022.

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The Term loan is being repaid in consecutive quarterly installments that commenced on December 31, 2020, plus a final payment to be made on September 28, 2025. The Revolving credit facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed through September 28, 2025, at which all then-outstanding amounts must be repaid.

Interest Rate Swaps

As of September 30, 2022, the Company had one fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contract with a notional value of $350.0 million that matures in 2025. The Company pays a base fixed rate of 3.04% and in return receives a floating Eurodollar base rate on 30-day notional borrowings. In June 2022, the Company terminated a fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contract with a notional value of $350.0 million, and received proceeds of $0.5 million. The Company had two other fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $700.0 million that matured during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Effective June 30, 2020, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps and discontinued hedge accounting. Accordingly, subsequent changes to the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. As of September 30, 2022, $57.5 million is remaining in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net. The interest rate swaps had an unrealized fair value of $10.3 million and a negative unrealized fair value (liability) of $53.7 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of which $43.2 million and $56.3 million were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effect, as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of Company’s interest rate swaps.

Note 9 — Equity

Share Repurchase Authorization

In 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.2 billion of the Company’s common stock. The Board authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional $1.6 billion and $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock during 2021 and the first half of 2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, $612.8 million remained available under the share repurchase program. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards.

The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Number of shares repurchased (1)	375,076		1,255,218		3,783,922		6,624,634
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	96,534	$	355,458	$	1,026,414	$	1,438,808

(1)The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $254.71 and $290.54 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $272.84 and $219.00 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 included purchases for both open market purchases and stock-based compensation award settlements.

(2)The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included $8.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in December 2020 that settled in January 2021 and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

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The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2022 included $7.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2022 that settled in July 2022, and excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2021 included $10.8 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2021 that settled in July 2021, and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net (“AOCL”)

The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCL to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2022	$	(47,084)	$	(6,767)	$	(50,665)	$	(104,516)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(29,961)		(29,961)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	3,886		43		—		3,929
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	3,886		43		(29,961)		(26,032)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2021	$	(67,377)	$	(9,102)	$	(6,499)	$	(82,978)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(6,488)		(6,488)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	5,529		100		—		5,629
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	5,529		100		(6,488)		(859)
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2021	$	(56,323)	$	(6,672)	$	(18,436)	$	(81,431)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		(189)		(62,190)		(62,379)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	13,125		137		—		13,262
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	13,125		(52)		(62,190)		(49,117)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2020	$	(78,104)	$	(9,309)	$	(11,815)	$	(99,228)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(1,172)		(1,172)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	16,256		307		—		16,563
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	16,256		307		(1,172)		15,391
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)$5.2 million and $7.4 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. $17.5 million and $21.7 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. See Note 8 — Debt and Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other income, net.

The estimated net amount of the existing losses on the Company’s interest rate swaps that are reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net at September 30, 2022 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months is $20.3 million.

Note 10 — Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was $58.5 million and $50.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $172.1 million and $208.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The effective income tax rate was 25.2% and 25.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 23.8% and 26.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the second quarter of 2021, the United Kingdom enacted legislation raising its corporate tax rate from 19% to 25% effective April 2023, which led to a higher effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2022.

The Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $158.2 million on September 30, 2022 and $150.0 million on December 31, 2021. It is reasonably possible that gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $30.9 million within the next twelve months due to the anticipated closure of audits and the expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into a limited number of derivative contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on variable-rate debt and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its outstanding derivative contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

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September 30, 2022
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	1	$	350,000	$	5,915	Other assets	$	(43,198)
				4,351		Other current assets
Foreign currency forwards (2)	34	220,831		(259)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	35	$	570,831	$	10,007		$	(43,198)

December 31, 2021
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(31,942)	Other liabilities	$	(56,323)
				(21,795)		Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2)	138	533,506		(91)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	142	$	1,933,506	$	(53,828)		$	(56,323)

(1)Effective June 30, 2020, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps and discontinued hedge accounting. Accordingly, subsequent changes to fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. See Note 8 — Debt for additional information regarding the Company’s interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income, net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at September 30, 2022 matured before October 31, 2022.

(3)See Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

At September 30, 2022, all of the Company’s derivative counterparties were investment grade financial institutions. The Company did not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and none of the derivative contracts contained credit-risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Amount recorded in:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest expense, net (1)	$	5,185	$	7,380	$	17,515	$	21,695
Other expense (income), net (2)	1,295		2,558		(17,456)		(11,771)
Total expense, net	$	6,480	$	9,938	$	59	$	9,924

(1)Consists of interest expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and gains and losses on de-designated interest rate swaps.

Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures

The Company’s financial instruments include cash equivalents, fees receivable from customers, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, all of which are normally short-term in nature. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of these financial

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instruments reasonably approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings under the 2020 Credit Agreement. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities.

The Company enters into a limited number of derivatives transactions but does not enter into repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions or master netting arrangements. Receivables or payables that result from derivatives transactions are recorded gross in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for the measurement of fair value and a valuation hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities. Classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the resulting fair value measurement. The valuation hierarchy contains three levels. Level 1 measurements consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves; and other market-corroborated inputs. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs such as internally-created valuation models. Generally, the Company does not utilize Level 3 valuation inputs to remeasure any of its assets or liabilities. However, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company when certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, and right-of-use assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. Additionally, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company in its required annual impairment review of goodwill. Information regarding the periodic assessment of the Company’s goodwill is included in Note 3 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The Company does not typically transfer assets or liabilities between different levels of the valuation hierarchy.

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company's financial statements (in thousands).

Description	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	8,916	$	7,428
Total Level 1 inputs	8,916		7,428
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	75,391		96,627
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	48		1,122
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	10,266		—
Total Level 2 inputs	85,705		97,749
Total Assets	$	94,621	$	105,177
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	90,402	$	110,861
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	307		1,213
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	—		53,737
Total Level 2 inputs	90,709		165,811
Total Liabilities	$	90,709	$	165,811

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

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(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 8 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

The table below presents the carrying amounts (net of deferred financing costs) and fair values of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands). The estimated fair value of the financial instruments was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021		2022		2021
2028 Notes	$	792,654	$	791,833	$	711,704	$	836,632
2029 Notes	593,745		593,139		499,416		608,346
2030 Notes	792,112		791,491		653,264		816,208
Total	$	2,178,511	$	2,176,463	$	1,864,384	$	2,261,186

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

The Company’s certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $2.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, on right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets primarily related to certain office leases that the Company determined will no longer be used. The impairments were derived by comparing the fair value of the impacted assets to the carrying value of those assets as of the impairment measurement date, as required under ASC Topic 360 using Level 3 inputs. See Note 14 — Leases for additional discussion related to these impairment charges.

Note 13 — Contingencies

Legal Matters. The Company is involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. A provision is recorded for pending litigation in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when it is determined that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on its financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

Indemnifications. The Company has various agreements that may obligate it to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters. Generally, these indemnification clauses are included in contracts arising in the normal course of business under which the Company customarily agrees to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations related to matters such as title to assets sold and licensed or certain intellectual property rights. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification agreements due to the conditional nature of the Company’s obligations and the unique facts of each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not been material. As of September 30, 2022, the Company did not have any material payment obligations under any such indemnification agreements.

Note 14 — Leases

The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2022 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

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The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2023 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Description:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating lease cost (1)	$	29,052	$	32,583	$	88,948	$	98,068
Lease cost (2)	4,148		4,251		11,199		12,674
Sublease income	(11,621)		(10,721)		(34,358)		(31,644)
Total lease cost, net (3) (4)	$	21,579	$	26,113	$	65,789	$	79,098
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,255	$	35,322	$	103,114	$	105,573
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	11,500	$	11,669	$	34,130	$	32,128
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	7,438	$	18,787	$	19,120	$	28,081

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.4 million and $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.3 million and $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for costs related to subleasing activities.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that are not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during any of the periods presented.

(4)Amount excludes impairment charges on lease related assets totaling $2.0 million and $37.5 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, as discussed below.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description:	2022		2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	97,370	$	89,754
Operating lease liabilities	614,442		697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$	711,812	$	787,520

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company continued to evaluate its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon a portion of one leased office space and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360.

As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized impairment losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 of $2.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment losses recorded include $1.7 million and $27.0 million related to right-of-use assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The impairment losses also include $0.3 million and $10.5 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair values include the

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expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The purpose of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is to facilitate an understanding of significant factors influencing the quarterly operating results, financial condition and cash flows of Gartner, Inc. Additionally, the MD&A conveys our expectations of the potential impact of known trends, events or uncertainties that may impact future results. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the “2021 Form 10-K”). Historical results and percentage relationships are not necessarily indicative of operating results for future periods. References to “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” in this MD&A are to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions, projections or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “should,” “could,” “believe,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or other words of similar meaning.

We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future quarterly and annual revenues, operating income, results of operations and cash flows, as well as any forward-looking statement, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and achievements, or industry results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in our forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: the impact of general economic conditions, including inflation (and related monetary policy by governments in response to inflation), on economic activity and our operations; changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility, including interest rates and the effect on the credit markets and access to capital; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related disruptions on our business and on the global economy; our ability to carry out our strategic initiatives and manage associated costs; our ability to recover potential claims under our event cancellation insurance; the timing of conferences and meetings, in particular our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series that normally occurs during the fourth quarter; our ability to achieve and effectively manage growth, including our ability to integrate our acquisitions and consummate and integrate future acquisitions; our ability to pay our debt obligations; our ability to maintain and expand our products and services; our ability to expand or retain our customer base; our ability to grow or sustain revenue from individual customers; our ability to attract and retain a professional staff of research analysts and consultants as well as experienced sales personnel upon whom we are dependent, especially in light of recent labor shortages; our ability to achieve continued customer renewals and achieve new contract value, backlog and deferred revenue growth in light of competitive pressures; our ability to successfully compete with existing competitors and potential new competitors; our ability to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights; additional risks associated with international operations, including foreign currency fluctuations; the impact on our business resulting from changes in international conditions, including those resulting from the war in Ukraine and current and future sanctions imposed by governments or other authorities; the impact of restructuring and other charges on our businesses and operations; cybersecurity incidents; risks associated with the creditworthiness, budget cuts, and shutdown of governments and agencies; the impact of changes in tax policy (including the recently enacted Inflation Reduction Act of 2022) and heightened scrutiny from various taxing authorities globally; changes to laws and regulations; and other risks and uncertainties detailed in this Form 10-Q, our most recent Form 10-K and other filings we make with the SEC. The potential fluctuations in our operating income could cause period-to-period comparisons of operating results not to be meaningful and could provide an unreliable indication of future operating results. A description of the risk factors associated with our business is included under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A. of the 2021 Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, estimates and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those listed above or described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of the 2021 Form 10-K. Readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date hereof, and forward-looking statements in documents attached that are incorporated by reference speak only as of the date of those documents. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.

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BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) delivers actionable, objective insight to executives and their teams. Our expert guidance and tools enable faster, smarter decisions and stronger performance on an organization’s mission critical priorities.

We deliver our products and services globally through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research equips executives and their teams from every function and across all industries with actionable, objective insight, guidance and tools. Our experienced experts deliver all this value informed by an unmatched combination of practitioner-sourced and data-driven research to help our clients address their mission critical priorities.

•Conferences provides executives and teams across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and guidance.

•Consulting serves senior executives leading technology-driven strategic initiatives leveraging the power of Gartner’s actionable, objective insight. Through custom analysis and on-the-ground support we enable optimized technology investments and stronger performance on our clients’ mission critical priorities.

Recent Global Events

The invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the sanctions and other measures being imposed in response to this conflict have increased the level of economic and political uncertainty. In March 2022, we began winding down our business in Russia. Russia has not composed a material portion of our consolidated revenues, net income, net assets or workforce. We do not have a business in Ukraine. Other impacts due to this evolving situation are currently unknown and could subject our business to materially adverse consequences should the situation escalate or cause an expansion of economic disruption beyond its current scope to the rest of Europe, where a material portion of our business is carried out. A prolonged disruption may adversely affect our business operations, financial performance and results of operations.

Inflation rates, particularly in North America and Europe, have increased significantly in the past year. Inflation has not had a material effect on our business operations, financial performance and results of operations, other than its impact on the general economy. However, if our costs, in particular personnel-related costs, were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases in future periods. Our inability or failure to realize these offsets could adversely affect our business operations, financial performance and results of operations.

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was enacted into law in the United States. The statute includes a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax on U.S. corporations with adjusted financial statement income in excess of $1.0 billion which is effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2022. The statute also includes a 1% excise tax on publicly traded U.S. corporations for the value of any of its stock that is repurchased by the corporation, excluding certain excepted repurchases. We are evaluating the impact on our future U.S. tax expense, cash taxes and effective tax rate, as well as the impact on potential future share repurchases.

COVID-19 Impact

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily closed Gartner offices around the world and implemented significant travel restrictions. Although all Gartner offices have reopened, the vast majority of our employees have been working from home. In early 2022, we began to operate under a hybrid virtual-first working environment, meaning that most of our employees will have the option to work remotely, at least some of the time, for the foreseeable future. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2021 we evaluated our real estate footprint globally, and determined that certain of our leased locations were no longer necessary for our operations. This evaluation resulted in the impairment of right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets, net of a reduction in lease liabilities, of $49.5 million during the fourth quarter of 2021 related to certain office locations we no longer intend to use. We continued our evaluation during 2022, which resulted in additional impairment charges of $2.0 million and $37.5 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. We expect to continue to evaluate our real estate footprint globally. If we determine there is any additional excess property, there is no assurance that we will be able to sublease any such excess properties or that we will not incur costs in connection with such exit activities, which may be material.

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Of the three business segments in which we operate, Research and Consulting have returned to growth levels that were in line with our growth prior to the pandemic. However, Conferences revenue and gross contribution were more negatively impacted. We cancelled in-person conferences scheduled for 2020 beginning in late February/early March 2020 with the remainder being cancelled after the World Health Organization’s declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic later in March 2020. We began holding virtual conferences during the second half of 2020 and have continued to hold virtual conferences. These virtual conferences have resulted in significantly less revenue and gross contribution than in-person conferences, but we believe they aid in client retention and engagement. We re-launched in-person destination conferences during the second quarter of 2022 and expect to hold in-person destination conferences in future periods as conditions permit.

For cancelled conferences, our event cancellation insurance enables us to receive an amount up to expected revenues, plus incurred expenses minus saved expense. Our event cancellation insurance provides up to $170 million in coverage for 2020 with the right to reinstate that amount one time if those limits are utilized. The insurer has contested our right to reinstate limits. Gartner also has event cancellation insurance for 2021, covering events that were planned for 2021 but cancelled, of up to $150 million with the right to reinstate up to that amount one time if the initial limits are inadequate. The insurer has contested all coverage for events planned for 2021 but cancelled due to COVID-19. We are in litigation with the insurer on these issues. In 2021, we received $166.9 million of proceeds related to 2020 insurance claims and recorded a gain of $152.3 million. The timing and ability to receive the remaining proceeds from 2020 and 2021 insurance claims is uncertain so we will not record any insurance claims in excess of expenses incurred related to the remaining claims until the receipt of the insurance proceeds is deemed to be realizable. Our insurance coverage for 2022 (and likely beyond) excludes cancellation due to communicable diseases.

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BUSINESS MEASUREMENTS

We believe that the following business measurements are important performance indicators for our business segments:

BUSINESS SEGMENT	BUSINESS MEASUREMENT
Research	Contract value represents the dollar value attributable to all of our subscription-related contracts. It is calculated as the annualized value of all contracts in effect at a specific point in time, without regard to the duration of the contract. Contract value primarily includes Research deliverables for which revenue is recognized on a ratable basis, as well as other deliverables (primarily Conferences tickets) for which revenue is recognized when the deliverable is utilized. Comparing contract value year-over-year not only measures the short-term growth of our business, but also signals the long-term health of our Research subscription business since it measures revenue that is highly likely to recur over a multi-year period. Our contract value consists of Global Technology Sales contract value, which includes sales to users and providers of technology, and Global Business Sales contract value, which includes sales to all other functional leaders.
	Client retention rate represents a measure of client satisfaction and renewed business relationships at a specific point in time. Client retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by all clients from a year ago. Client retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.
	Wallet retention rate represents a measure of the amount of contract value we have retained with clients over a twelve-month period. Wallet retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing the contract value of our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by the contract value from a year ago, excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange. When wallet retention exceeds client retention, it is an indication of retention of higher-spending clients, or increased spending by retained clients, or both. Wallet retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.
Conferences	Number of destination conferences represents the total number of hosted virtual or in-person conferences completed during the period. Single day, local meetings are excluded.
	Number of destination conferences attendees represents the total number of people who attend virtual or in-person conferences. Single day, local meetings are excluded.
Consulting	Consulting backlog represents future revenue to be derived from in-process consulting and benchmark analytics engagements.
	Utilization rate represents a measure of productivity of our consultants. Utilization rates are calculated for billable headcount on a percentage basis by dividing total hours billed by total hours available to bill.
	Billing rate represents earned billable revenue divided by total billable hours.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL POSITION

The fundamentals of our strategy include a focus on creating actionable insights for executive leaders and their teams, delivering innovative and highly differentiated product offerings, building a strong sales capability, providing world class client service with a focus on client engagement and retention, and continuously improving our operational effectiveness.

We had total revenues of $1.3 billion during the third quarter of 2022, an increase of 15% compared to the third quarter of 2021. During the third quarter of 2022, revenues for Research increased by 11%, Conferences revenue increased by 216%, and Consulting revenues increased by 13%, compared to the third quarter of 2021. For a more complete discussion of our results by segment, see Segment Results below.

For the third quarter of 2022 and 2021, we had net income of $173.5 million and $148.9 million, respectively, and diluted income per share of $2.17 and $1.76, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities was $898.3 million and $1,077.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, we had $528.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on our revolving credit facility. For a more complete discussion of our cash flows and financial position, see the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

For information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in that report.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and that may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or its disclosures in future periods. Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides information regarding those accounting standards.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results

In addition to GAAP results, we provide foreign currency neutral dollar amounts and percentages for our revenues, certain expenses, contract values and other metrics. These foreign currency neutral dollar amounts and percentages eliminate the effects of exchange rate fluctuations and thus provide a more accurate and meaningful trend in the underlying business performance being measured. We calculate foreign currency neutral dollar amounts by converting the underlying amounts in local currency for different periods into U.S. dollars by applying the same foreign exchange rates to all periods presented.

The table below presents an analysis of selected line items and period-over-period changes in our interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Three Months Ended September 30, 2021		Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease) %
Total revenues	$	1,331,868	$	1,156,282	$	175,586	15	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	416,837		359,237		57,600		16
Selling, general and administrative	613,031		512,573		100,458		20
Depreciation	22,882		25,371		(2,489)		(10)
Amortization of intangibles	24,369		27,109		(2,740)		(10)
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331		1,771		(440)		(25)
Operating income	253,418		230,221		23,197		10
Interest expense, net	(30,286)		(31,599)		(1,313)		(4)
Other income, net	8,930		211		8,719		nm
Less: Provision for income taxes	58,517		49,968		8,549		17
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	24,680	17	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease) %
Total revenues	$	3,971,129	$	3,427,639	$	543,490	16	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	1,218,405		1,044,506		173,899		17
Selling, general and administrative	1,835,846		1,488,324		347,522		23
Depreciation	68,993		76,972		(7,979)		(10)
Amortization of intangibles	74,271		83,777		(9,506)		(11)
Acquisition and integration charges	5,827		3,713		2,114		57
Operating income	767,787		730,347		37,440		5
Interest expense, net	(91,399)		(85,138)		6,261		7
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	—		135,545		(135,545)		nm
Other income, net	46,684		12,019		34,665		288
Less: Provision for income taxes	172,087		208,572		(36,485)		(17)
Net income	$	550,985	$	584,201	$	(33,216)	(6)	%
nm = not meaningful

Total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2022 were $1.3 billion, an increase of $175.6 million, or 15% compared to the same period in 2021 on a reported basis and 20% excluding the foreign currency impact. Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $4.0 billion, an increase of $543.5 million, or 16% compared to the same period in 2021 on a reported basis and 20% excluding the foreign currency impact. Refer to the section of this MD&A below entitled “Segment Results” for a discussion of revenues and results by segment.

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Cost of services and product development was $416.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $57.6 million compared to the same period in 2021, or 16% on a reported basis and 21% excluding the foreign currency impact. The increase in Cost of services and product development was primarily due to increased compensation costs as a result of higher headcount, and increased conference related expenses, due to the return to in-person destination conferences. Cost of services and product development as a percent of revenues was 31% for both the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Cost of services and product development was $1,218.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $173.9 million compared to the same period in 2021, or 17% on a reported basis and 20% excluding the foreign currency impact. The increase was primarily due to the same factors that caused the year-over-year quarterly increase, in addition to increased research program expenses. Cost of services and product development as a percent of revenues was 31% and 30% during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense was $613.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $100.5 million compared to the same period in 2021, or 20% on a reported basis and 24% excluding the foreign currency impact. SG&A expense was $1,835.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, an increase of $347.5 million compared to the same period in 2021, or 23% on a reported basis and 27% excluding the foreign currency impact. The increase in SG&A expense during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to higher personnel costs in the current year, including higher commission expense, following strong contract value growth in 2021, which is amortized as the related revenue is recognized, as well as higher salary expense due to increased headcount. The increase in SG&A during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the prior fiscal year, was also due to charges associated with the impairment of right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets of $37.5 million, related to certain office locations we no longer intend to use. The number of quota-bearing sales associates in Global Technology Sales increased by 16% to 3,473 and in Global Business Sales increased by 19% to 1,081 compared to September 30, 2021. On a combined basis, the total number of quota-bearing sales associates increased by 17% when compared to September 30, 2021. SG&A expense as a percent of revenues was 46% and 44% during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. SG&A expense as a percent of revenues was 46% and 43% during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We expect SG&A expense as a percentage of revenue to increase over the near-term as our hiring continues.

Depreciation decreased by 10% during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the same periods in 2021. The decreases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 were primarily due to a reduction in leasehold improvements depreciation as a result of the impairment losses recorded in the fourth quarter of 2021 and the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Amortization of intangibles decreased by 10% and 11% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2021 due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized in 2021.

Acquisition and integration charges decreased by $0.4 million and increased by $2.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2021.

Operating income was $253.4 million and $230.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Operating income was $767.8 million and $730.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in operating income for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior year periods was due to increased revenue, partially offset by an increase in cost of services and product development and selling, general and administrative expenses.

Interest expense, net decreased by $1.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the same period in 2021. Interest expense, net increased by $6.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to the same period in 2021. The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to an increase in outstanding debt as a result of the issuance of the 2029 Notes in June 2021.

Gain on event cancellation insurance claims of $135.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 reflected proceeds, net of expense recoveries, related to the 2020 conference cancellation insurance claims.

Other income, net for the periods presented herein included the net impact of foreign currency gains and losses from our hedging activities. Other income, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 also included gains of $11.2 million and $51.7 million, respectively, on de-designated interest rate swaps. Other income, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 also included a $0.4 million loss and $12.1 million gain, respectively, on de-designated interest rate swaps.

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The provision for income taxes was $58.5 million and $50.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $172.1 million and $208.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The effective income tax rate was 25.2% and 25.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 23.8% and 26.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the second quarter of 2021, the United Kingdom enacted legislation raising its corporate tax rate from 19% to 25% effective April 2023, which led to a higher effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2022.

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $173.5 million and $148.9 million, respectively, while net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $551.0 million and $584.2 million, respectively. Our diluted net income per share during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $0.41 and $0.05, respectively, compared to the same period in 2021. The increase in net income during the three months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily the result of increased revenue, partially offset by increased operating expenses. The decrease in net income during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily the result of the gain on event cancellation insurance recognized in the prior year, as well as increased operating expenses, partially offset by increased revenues and the gain from de-designated interest rate swaps.

SEGMENT RESULTS

We evaluate reportable segment performance and allocate resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, SG&A expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Gross contribution margin is defined as gross contribution as a percent of revenues.

Reportable Segments

The sections below present the results of the Company’s three reportable business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting.

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Research

	As Of And For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2022			As Of And For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)		As Of And For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022			As Of And For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	1,147,823		$	1,037,124		$	110,699	11	%	$	3,426,532		$	3,020,094		$	406,438	13	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	848,438		$	769,091		$	79,347	10	%	$	2,541,782		$	2,235,594		$	306,188	14	%
Gross contribution margin	74		%	74		%	0 point		—		74		%	74		%	0 point		—
Business Measurements:
Global Technology Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	3,494,100		$	3,100,700		$	393,400	13	%
Client retention	86		%	85		%	1 point		—
Wallet retention	107		%	104		%	3 points		—
Global Business Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	976,600		$	804,400		$	172,200	21	%
Client retention	89		%	86		%	3 points		—
Wallet retention	114		%	113		%	1 point		—

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Global Technology Sales includes sales to users and providers of technology. Global Business Sales includes sales to all other functional leaders.

(3)Contract values are on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Contract values as of September 30, 2021 have been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as 2022.

Research revenues increased by $110.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021, or 11% on a reported basis and 15% excluding the foreign currency impact. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, research revenues increased by $406.4 million compared to the same period in 2021, or 13% on a reported basis and 17% excluding the foreign currency impact. The segment gross contribution margin was 74% for all the periods presented herein. The increase in revenues during 2022 was primarily due to the same factors driving the trend in our Research contract value, which are discussed below.

Contract value increased to $4.5 billion at September 30, 2022, or 15% compared to September 30, 2021 excluding the foreign currency impact. Global Technology Sales (“GTS”) contract value increased by 13% at September 30, 2022 when compared to September 30, 2021. The increase in GTS contract value was primarily due to new business from new and existing clients, as well as improved client retention. GTS contract value increased by double-digits for all enterprise sizes and almost all sectors. Global Business Sales (“GBS”) contract value increased by 21% year-over-year, also primarily driven by new business from new and existing clients, and improved client retention. All of our GBS practices achieved double-digit growth rates, with the majority of enterprise size and sectors growing more than 20% year-over-year.

GTS client retention was 86% and 85% as of September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, while wallet retention was 107% and 104%, respectively. GBS client retention was 89% and 86% as of September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, while wallet retention was 114% and 113%, respectively. The increase in GTS and GBS wallet retention was largely due to increased spending by existing clients.

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Conferences

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022			Three Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	77,031		$	24,415		$	52,616	216	%	$	200,910		$	107,396		$	93,514	87	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	40,318		$	11,456		$	28,862	252	%	$	110,968		$	67,954		$	43,014	63	%
Gross contribution margin	52		%	47		%	5 points		—		55		%	63		%	(8) points		—
Business Measurements:
Number of destination conferences (2)	13			8			5		63	%	32			26			6		23	%
Number of destination conferences attendees (2)	14,619			6,472			8,147		126	%	32,990			27,123			5,867		22	%

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Includes both virtual and in-person conferences. Single day, local meetings are excluded.

Conferences revenues increased by $52.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Conferences revenues increased by $93.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. The increase in revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to the return to in-person destination conferences. We re-launched in-person destination conferences during the second quarter of 2022 and expect to hold in-person destination conferences in future periods as conditions permit. We held 10 and 16 in-person destination conferences during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. We held 3 and 16 virtual conferences during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, compared to 8 and 26 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. Gross contribution increased to $40.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $11.5 million in the same period last year. Gross contribution increased to $111.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $68.0 million in the same period last year. The increase in gross contribution was primarily the result of the return to in-person destination conferences noted above. We expect Conferences gross contribution margin to decrease from 2021 levels as the mix of in-person destination conferences increases.

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Consulting

	As Of And For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2022			As Of And For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)		As Of And For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022			As Of And For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	107,014		$	94,743		$	12,271	13	%	$	343,687		$	300,149		$	43,538	15	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	37,213		$	30,972		$	6,241	20	%	$	138,448		$	112,840		$	25,608	23	%
Gross contribution margin	35		%	33		%	2 points		—		40		%	38		%	2 points		—
Business Measurements:
Backlog (1), (2)	$	162,000		$	121,700		$	40,300	33	%
Billable headcount	852			749			103		14	%
Consultant utilization	66		%	62		%	4 points		—		70		%	67		%	3 points		—

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Backlog is on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Backlog as of September 30, 2021 has been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as 2022. We changed our method of calculating backlog beginning in 2022 to include multi-year contracts.

Consulting revenues increased by 13% during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021 on a reported basis and 21% excluding the foreign currency impact, with an increase in labor-based consulting revenue of 16% and a decrease in contract optimization revenue of 3%, each on a reported basis. Contract optimization revenue may vary significantly and, as such, revenues for the third quarter of 2022 may not be indicative of results for the remainder of 2022 or beyond. The segment gross contribution margin was 35% and 33% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in gross contribution margin during the third quarter of 2022 was primarily due to the increase in revenue.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Consulting revenues increased 15% compared to the same period in 2021 on a reported basis and 20% excluding the foreign currency impact, with an increase in labor-based consulting revenue of 14% and an increase in contract optimization revenue of 18%, each on a reported basis. The segment gross contribution margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by 2 points compared to the same period in 2021. The increase in gross contribution margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was also primarily due to the increase in revenue.

Backlog increased by $40.3 million, or 33%, from September 30, 2021 to September 30, 2022 excluding the foreign currency impact. The change in our method of calculating backlog noted above contributed approximately 11 percentage points to the backlog growth rate.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We finance our operations through cash generated from our operating activities and borrowings. Note 8 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations. At September 30, 2022, we had $528.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolving credit facility under our 2020 Credit Agreement. We believe that the Company has adequate liquidity to meet its currently anticipated needs for both the next twelve months and the foreseeable future.

We have historically generated significant cash flows from our operating activities, benefiting from the favorable working capital dynamics of our subscription-based business model in our Research segment, which is our largest business segment and historically has constituted a significant portion of our total revenues. The majority of our Research customer contracts are paid in advance and, combined with a strong customer retention rate and high incremental margins, our subscription-based business model has resulted in continuously strong operating cash flow. Cash flow generation has also benefited from our ongoing efforts to improve the operating efficiencies of our businesses as well as a focus on the optimal management of our working capital as we increase sales.

Our cash and cash equivalents are held in numerous locations throughout the world with 83% held outside the U.S. at September 30, 2022. We intend to reinvest substantially all of our accumulated undistributed foreign earnings, except in instances where repatriation would result in minimal additional tax. As a result of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, we believe that the income tax impact if such earnings were repatriated would be minimal.

The table below summarizes the changes in the Company’s cash balances for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		Increase (Decrease)
Cash provided by operating activities	$	898,313	$	1,077,684	$	(179,371)
Cash used in investing activities	(74,570)		(61,700)		(12,870)
Cash used in financing activities	(1,013,430)		(944,186)		(69,244)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(189,687)		71,798		(261,485)
Effects of exchange rates	(42,228)		(14,651)		(27,577)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	760,602		712,583		48,019
Ending cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	769,730	$	(241,043)

Operating

Cash provided by operating activities was $898.3 million and $1,077.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The year-over-year decrease was primarily due to $150.0 million of insurance proceeds received in the 2021 period related to 2020 event cancellation claims, as well as higher commission and interest payments in 2022, partially offset by reduced income tax payments.

Investing

Cash used in investing activities was $74.6 million and $61.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase from 2021 to 2022 was the result of increased capital expenditures primarily due to higher capitalized software and computer equipment additions, partially offset by the 2021 acquisition of Pulse Q&A Inc.

Financing

Cash used in financing activities was $1,013.4 million and $944.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the 2022 period, we used $1,026.4 million of cash for share repurchases and paid a net $4.0 million in debt principal repayments. During the 2021 period, we used $1,438.8 million of cash for share repurchases, issued $600.0 million of 3.625% Senior Notes due 2029, and repaid $100.0 million on our term loan facility under the 2020 Credit Agreement. During the 2021 period, we also repaid a net $5.0 million on our revolving credit facility under the 2020 Credit Agreement and paid a net $6.6 million in debt principal repayments, exclusive of the $100.0 million term loan repayment.

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Debt

As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $2.5 billion of principal amount of debt outstanding, of which $1.9 million is to be repaid in the remainder of fiscal year 2022. Note 8 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations. From time to time, the Company may seek to retire or repurchase its outstanding debt through various methods including open market repurchases, negotiated block transactions, or otherwise, all or some of which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 plans. Such transactions, if any, depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity and capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors, and may involve material amounts.

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

From January 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022, the Company has not entered into any material off-balance sheet arrangements or transactions with unconsolidated entities or other persons.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

INTEREST RATE RISK

As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $2.5 billion in total debt principal outstanding. Note 8 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations.

Approximately $0.3 billion of the Company’s total debt outstanding as of September 30, 2022 was based on a floating base rate of interest, which potentially exposes the Company to increases in interest rates. However, we reduce our overall exposure to interest rate increases through our interest rate swap contract, which effectively converts the floating base interest rates on all of our variable rate borrowings to fixed rates.

FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK

A significant portion of our revenues are typically derived from sales outside of the United States. Among the major foreign currencies in which we conduct business are the Euro, the British Pound, the Japanese Yen, the Australian dollar and the Canadian dollar. The reporting currency of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is the U.S. dollar. As the values of the foreign currencies in which we operate fluctuate over time relative to the U.S. dollar, the Company is exposed to both foreign currency translation and transaction risk.

Translation risk arises as our foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars because the functional currencies of our foreign operations are generally denominated in the local currency. Adjustments resulting from the translation of these assets and liabilities are deferred and recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity. A measure of the potential impact of foreign currency translation can be determined through a sensitivity analysis of our cash and cash equivalents. At September 30, 2022, we had $528.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, with a substantial portion denominated in foreign currencies. If the exchange rates of the foreign currencies we hold all changed in comparison to the U.S. dollar by 10%, the amount of cash and cash equivalents we would have reported on September 30, 2022 could have increased or decreased by approximately $51.2 million. The translation of our foreign currency revenues and expenses historically has not had a material impact on our consolidated earnings because movements in and among the major currencies in which we operate tend to impact our revenues and expenses fairly equally. However, our earnings could be impacted during periods of significant exchange rate volatility, or when some or all of the major currencies in which we operate move in the same direction against the U.S. dollar.

Transaction risk arises when we enter into a transaction that is denominated in a currency that may differ from the local functional currency. As these transactions are translated into the local functional currency, a gain or loss may result, which is recorded in current period earnings. We typically enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the effects of some of this foreign currency transaction risk. Our outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts as of September 30, 2022 had an immaterial net unrealized loss.

CREDIT RISK

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of short-term, highly liquid investments classified as cash equivalents, fees receivable, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts. The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts are with large investment grade commercial banks. Fees receivable balances deemed to be collectible from customers have limited concentration of credit risk due to our diverse customer base and geographic dispersion.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We have established disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. Specifically, these controls and procedures ensure that the information is accumulated and communicated to our executive management team, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management conducted an evaluation, as of September 30, 2022, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Based upon that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in alerting them in a timely manner to material Company information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Exchange Act.

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

42

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in legal and administrative proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There were no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the period covered by this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In May 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.2 billion of the Company’s common stock. The Board authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional $1.6 billion, and $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock during 2021 and the first half of 2022, respectively. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards. The table below summarizes the repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (#)	Average Price Paid Per Share ($)		Total Number of Shares Purchased Under Announced Programs (#)	Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)
July 1, 2022 to July 31, 2022	284,085	$	247.13	283,214	$	634,439
August 1, 2022 to August 31, 2022	23,861	279.77		13,109	630,939
September 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022	67,130	277.87		65,522	$	612,767
Total for the quarter (1)	375,076	$	254.71	361,845

(1)The repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2022 included purchases for both the settlement of stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases.

43

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

EXHIBIT NUMBER	DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
31.1*	Certification of chief executive officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).
31.2*	Certification of chief financial officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).
32*	Certification under 18 U.S.C. 1350.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101).

*     Filed with this report.

Items 3 and 4 of Part II are not applicable and have been omitted.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		Gartner, Inc.
Date:	November 1, 2022	/s/ Craig W. Safian
		Craig W. Safian
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

44

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Eugene A. Hall, certify that:

(1)I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, of Gartner, Inc.;

(2)Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

(4)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Eugene A. Hall

Eugene A. Hall

Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 1, 2022

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Craig W. Safian, certify that:

(1)I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, of Gartner, Inc.;

(2)Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

(4)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Craig W. Safian

Craig W. Safian

Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 1, 2022

EX-32

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Gartner, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Eugene A. Hall, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Craig W. Safian, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Eugene A. Hall

Name: Eugene A. Hall

Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Date: November 1, 2022

/s/ Craig W. Safian

Name: Craig W. Safian

Title:   Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 1, 2022

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Oct. 28, 2022
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-14443
Entity Registrant Name	Gartner, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3099750
Entity Address, Address Line One	P.O. Box 10212
Entity Address, Address Line Two	56 Top Gallant Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Stamford,
Entity Address, State or Province	CT
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	06902-7700
City Area Code	203
Local Phone Number	316-1111
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.0005 par value per share
Trading Symbol	IT
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding (in shares)		79,024,380
Entity Central Index Key	0000749251
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 528,687	$ 756,493
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $7,500 and $6,500, respectively	1,047,140	1,365,180
Deferred commissions	269,310	380,569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	135,118	117,838
Total current assets	1,980,255	2,620,080
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	256,176	273,562
Operating lease right-of-use assets	460,910	548,258
Goodwill	2,936,140	2,951,317
Intangible assets, net	603,833	714,418
Other assets	288,640	308,689
Total Assets	6,525,954	7,416,324
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	848,910	1,134,814
Deferred revenues	2,229,648	2,238,035
Current portion of long-term debt	7,335	5,931
Total current liabilities	3,085,893	3,378,780
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	2,454,853	2,456,833
Operating lease liabilities	614,442	697,766
Other liabilities	435,692	511,887
Total Liabilities	6,590,880	7,045,266
Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82	82
Additional paid-in capital	2,161,940	2,074,896
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(130,548)	(81,431)
Accumulated earnings	3,600,012	3,049,027
Treasury stock, at cost, 84,433,523 and 81,205,504 common shares, respectively	(5,696,412)	(4,671,516)
Total Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	(64,926)	371,058
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity	$ 6,525,954	$ 7,416,324

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Fees receivable, allowance	$ 7,500	$ 6,500
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0005	$ 0.0005
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	163,602,067	163,602,067
Treasury stock shares (in shares)	84,433,523	81,205,504

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 1,331,868	$ 1,156,282	$ 3,971,129	$ 3,427,639
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	416,837	359,237	1,218,405	1,044,506
Selling, general and administrative	613,031	512,573	1,835,846	1,488,324
Depreciation	22,882	25,371	68,993	76,972
Amortization of intangibles	24,369	27,109	74,271	83,777
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331	1,771	5,827	3,713
Total costs and expenses	1,078,450	926,061	3,203,342	2,697,292
Operating income	253,418	230,221	767,787	730,347
Interest expense, net	(30,286)	(31,599)	(91,399)	(85,138)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	0	0	0	135,545
Other income, net	8,930	211	46,684	12,019
Income before income taxes	232,062	198,833	723,072	792,773
Provision for income taxes	58,517	49,968	172,087	208,572
Net income	$ 173,545	$ 148,865	$ 550,985	$ 584,201
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 2.19	$ 1.78	$ 6.84	$ 6.80
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 2.17	$ 1.76	$ 6.77	$ 6.72
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	79,259	83,566	80,516	85,877
Diluted (in shares)	80,059	84,766	81,373	86,925
Research
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 1,147,823	$ 1,037,124	$ 3,426,532	$ 3,020,094
Conferences
Revenues:
Total revenues	77,031	24,415	200,910	107,396
Consulting
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 107,014	$ 94,743	$ 343,687	$ 300,149

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 173,545	$ 148,865	$ 550,985	$ 584,201
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(29,961)	(6,488)	(62,190)	(1,172)
Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	3,886	5,529	13,125	16,256
Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	43	100	(52)	307
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(26,032)	(859)	(49,117)	15,391
Comprehensive income	$ 147,513	$ 148,006	$ 501,868	$ 599,592

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' (Deficit) Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net	Accumulated Earnings	Treasury Stock
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 1,090,428	$ 82	$ 1,968,930	$ (99,228)	$ 2,255,467	$ (3,034,823)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	164,100				164,100
Other comprehensive income (loss)	6,050			6,050
Issuances under stock plans	5,380		(1,543)			6,923
Common share repurchases	(410,450)					(410,450)
Stock-based compensation expense	36,086		36,086
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2021	891,594	82	2,003,473	(93,178)	2,419,567	(3,438,350)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	1,090,428	82	1,968,930	(99,228)	2,255,467	(3,034,823)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	584,201
Other comprehensive income (loss)	15,391
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2021	334,507	82	2,054,563	(83,837)	2,839,668	(4,475,969)
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021	891,594	82	2,003,473	(93,178)	2,419,567	(3,438,350)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	271,236				271,236
Other comprehensive income (loss)	10,200			10,200
Issuances under stock plans	4,080		2,063			2,017
Common share repurchases	(675,662)					(675,662)
Stock-based compensation expense	26,190		26,190
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	527,638	82	2,031,726	(82,978)	2,690,803	(4,111,995)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	148,865				148,865
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(859)			(859)
Issuances under stock plans	4,131		3,411			720
Common share repurchases	(364,694)					(364,694)
Stock-based compensation expense	19,426		19,426
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2021	334,507	82	2,054,563	(83,837)	2,839,668	(4,475,969)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	371,058	82	2,074,896	(81,431)	3,049,027	(4,671,516)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	172,515				172,515
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,380)			(1,380)
Issuances under stock plans	6,964		579			6,385
Common share repurchases	(463,125)					(463,125)
Stock-based compensation expense	32,121		32,121
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	118,153	82	2,107,596	(82,811)	3,221,542	(5,128,256)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	371,058	82	2,074,896	(81,431)	3,049,027	(4,671,516)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	550,985
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(49,117)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	(64,926)	82	2,161,940	(130,548)	3,600,012	(5,696,412)
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022	118,153	82	2,107,596	(82,811)	3,221,542	(5,128,256)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	204,925				204,925
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(21,705)			(21,705)
Issuances under stock plans	5,061		4,634			427
Common share repurchases	(473,755)					(473,755)
Stock-based compensation expense	24,454		24,454
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	(142,867)	82	2,136,684	(104,516)	3,426,467	(5,601,584)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	173,545				173,545
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(26,032)			(26,032)
Issuances under stock plans	4,994		4,288			706
Common share repurchases	(95,534)					(95,534)
Stock-based compensation expense	20,968		20,968
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ (64,926)	$ 82	$ 2,161,940	$ (130,548)	$ 3,600,012	$ (5,696,412)

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 550,985	$ 584,201
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	143,264	160,749
Stock-based compensation expense	77,543	81,702
Deferred taxes	2,476	449
Loss on impairment of lease related assets	37,546	0
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	52,686	56,162
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	3,420	3,036
Gain on de-designated swaps	(51,745)	(12,149)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Fees receivable, net	258,543	257,541
Deferred commissions	96,841	6,783
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(19,936)	(18,418)
Other assets	6,371	(23,979)
Deferred revenues	92,527	103,565
Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(352,208)	(121,958)
Cash provided by operating activities	898,313	1,077,684
Investing activities:
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(70,461)	(38,670)
Acquisitions - cash paid (net of cash acquired)	(4,109)	(23,030)
Cash used in investing activities	(74,570)	(61,700)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	16,980	13,527
Proceeds from borrowings	0	600,000
Payments of deferred financing fees	0	(7,320)
Payments on revolving credit facility	0	(5,000)
Payments on borrowings	(3,996)	(106,585)
Purchases of treasury stock	(1,026,414)	(1,438,808)
Cash used in financing activities	(1,013,430)	(944,186)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(189,687)	71,798
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(42,228)	(14,651)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	760,602	712,583
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$ 528,687	$ 769,730

XML

Business and Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Business and Basis of Presentation

Business and Basis of Presentation

Business. Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) delivers actionable, objective insight to executives and their teams. Our expert guidance and tools enable faster, smarter decisions and stronger performance on an organization’s mission critical priorities.

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for the Company’s segments are discussed in Note 7 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2022 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	—		4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consisted of an escrow account established in connection with the Company’s 2021 business acquisition. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of restricted cash for deferred

consideration related to a 2021 acquisition. Note 2 - Acquisition provides additional information regarding the 2021 acquisition.

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Note 4 — Revenue and Related Matters provides additional information regarding the Company’s revenues.

Gain on event cancellation insurance claims. In May 2021, the Company received $150.0 million of proceeds related to 2020 event cancellation insurance claims, and recorded a pre-tax gain of $135.5 million. The Company does not record any gain on insurance claims in excess of expenses incurred until the receipt of the insurance proceeds is deemed to be realizable.

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standard described below during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Business Combinations — In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations, Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU No. 2021-08”). ASU No. 2021-08 provides guidance for a business combination on how to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers and other contracts that apply the provisions of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Specifically, the proposed amendments would require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606. Generally, this would result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements (if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP). The rule will be effective for public entities on January 1, 2023, with early adoption permitted. Gartner has elected to adopt ASU No. 2021-08 effective January 1, 2022. ASU No. 2021-08 will not impact acquired contract assets or liabilities from business combinations occurring prior to January 1, 2022, and the impact in future periods will depend on the contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in future business combinations.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU No. 2020-04”). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective later in 2022

Government Assistance — In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“ASU No. 2021-10”). ASU No. 2021-10 requires business entities to annually disclose information about certain government assistance they receive. The rule will be effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of ASU No. 2021-10 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

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Acquisition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Acquisition

Acquisition

On June 17, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding capital stock of Pulse Q&A Inc. (“Pulse”), a privately-held company based in San Francisco, California, for an aggregate purchase price of $29.9 million. Pulse is a technology-enabled community platform.

During 2021, the Company paid $22.9 million in cash for Pulse after considering the cash acquired with the business, amounts held in escrow and certain other purchase price adjustments. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of deferred consideration held in escrow. In addition to the purchase price, the Company may also be required to pay up to $4.5 million in cash based on the continuing employment of certain key employees. Such amounts are recognized as compensation expense over three years post-acquisition and reported in Acquisition and integration charges in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company recorded $31.0 million of goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets and $1.1 million of liabilities on a net basis for the Pulse acquisition.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Evaluations of the recoverability of goodwill are performed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, which requires an annual assessment of potential goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

When performing the annual assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, the Company initially performs a qualitative analysis evaluating whether any events or circumstances occurred or exist that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount. If the Company does not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount, then no quantitative impairment test is performed. However, if the results of the qualitative assessment indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its respective carrying amount, then a quantitative impairment test is performed. Evaluating the recoverability of goodwill requires judgments and assumptions regarding future trends and events. As a result, both the precision and reliability of the estimates are subject to uncertainty.

The Company’s most recent annual impairment test of goodwill was a qualitative analysis conducted during the quarter ended September 30, 2022 that indicated no impairment. Subsequent to completing the 2022 annual impairment test, there were no events or changes in circumstances noted that required an interim impairment test.

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 (1)	$	2,670,934	$	184,021	$	96,362	$	2,951,317
Foreign currency translation impact	(12,751)		(148)		(2,278)		(15,177)
Balance at September 30, 2022 (1)	$	2,658,183	$	183,873	$	94,084	$	2,936,140

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

September 30, 2022	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2021	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Foreign currency translation impact	(60,366)		(888)		—		(61,254)
Gross cost	1,035,992		60,328		10,436		1,106,756
Accumulated amortization (1)	(454,382)		(43,189)		(5,352)		(502,923)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	581,610	$	17,139	$	5,084	$	603,833

December 31, 2021	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Accumulated amortization (1)	(413,266)		(35,727)		(4,599)		(453,592)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	683,092	$	25,489	$	5,837	$	714,418

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; Technology-related—3 to 7 years; and Other—4 to 11 years.

Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $24.4 million and $27.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $74.3 million and $83.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2022 (remaining three months)	$	23,979
2023	95,901
2024	88,802
2025	78,302
2026	75,628
Thereafter	241,221
	$	603,833

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Revenue and Related Matters

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue and Related Matters

Revenue and Related Matters

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	771,534	$	44,499	$	67,194	$	883,227
Europe, Middle East and Africa	245,093		18,034		26,644		289,771
Other International	131,196		14,498		13,176		158,870
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	671,517	$	14,171	$	56,715	$	742,403
Europe, Middle East and Africa	242,273		7,975		26,707		276,955
Other International	123,334		2,269		11,321		136,924
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	2,264,733	$	139,418	$	208,799	$	2,612,950
Europe, Middle East and Africa	763,639		40,308		93,135		897,082
Other International	398,160		21,184		41,753		461,097
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	1,949,282	$	74,098	$	173,806	$	2,197,186
Europe, Middle East and Africa	709,230		25,156		92,528		826,914
Other International	361,582		8,142		33,815		403,539
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate the Company’s revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	1,045,425	$	—	$	90,316	$	1,135,741
Transferred at a point in time (2)	102,398		77,031		16,698		196,127
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	944,206	$	—	$	77,538	$	1,021,744
Transferred at a point in time (2)	92,918		24,415		17,205		134,538
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	3,109,099	$	—	$	281,953	$	3,391,052
Transferred at a point in time (2)	317,433		200,910		61,734		580,077
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	2,755,047	$	—	$	247,869	$	3,002,916
Transferred at a point in time (2)	265,047		107,396		52,280		424,723
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Research revenues are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues are recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables are provided to the customer.

Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of September 30, 2022 was approximately $4.9 billion. The Company expects to recognize $0.8 billion, $2.6 billion and $1.5 billion of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2022, the year ending December 31, 2023 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. The Company’s performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of the Company’s billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,054,640	$	1,371,680
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	23,474	$	20,054
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	2,229,648	$	2,238,035
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	31,049		48,176
Total contract liabilities	$	2,260,697	$	2,286,211

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restrictions.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s).

The Company recognized revenue of $931.6 million and $818.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $1.8 billion and $1.5 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer during the reporting periods. During each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets.

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Computation of Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Earnings Per Share

Computation of Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in earnings. Potential shares of common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share when their effect would be anti-dilutive.

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	79,259		83,566		80,516		85,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	800		1,200		857		1,048
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	80,059		84,766		81,373		86,925
Basic income per share	$	2.19	$	1.78	$	6.84	$	6.80
Diluted income per share	$	2.17	$	1.76	$	6.77	$	6.72

(1)Certain outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These anti-dilutive outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans totaled approximately 0.1 million for both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the number of anti-dilutive shares was de minimis.

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Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had 3.9 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its current Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended and restated in January 2019 (the “Plan”).

The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Award type	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock appreciation rights	$	2.2	$	2.1	$	6.6	$	6.1
Restricted stock units (2)	18.6		17.1		70.4		75.0
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2		0.6		0.6
Total (1)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Expense category line item	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of services and product development	$	7.6	$	6.9	$	27.0	$	28.6
Selling, general and administrative	13.4		12.5		50.6		53.1
Total (1) (2)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

(1)Includes costs of $5.4 million and $5.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $32.7 million and $38.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2)On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the PSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company’s products and services are delivered through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research equips executives and their teams from every function and across all industries with actionable, objective insight, guidance and tools. Our experienced experts deliver all this value informed by an unmatched combination of practitioner-sourced and data-driven research to help our clients address their mission critical priorities.

•Conferences provides executives and teams across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and guidance.

•Consulting serves senior executives leading technology-driven strategic initiatives leveraging the power of Gartner’s actionable, objective insight. Through custom analysis and on-the-ground support we enable optimized technology investments and stronger performance on our clients’ mission critical priorities.

The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are no intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources.

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Gross contribution	848,438		40,318		37,213		925,969
Corporate and other expenses							(672,551)
Operating income							$	253,418
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Gross contribution	769,091		11,456		30,972		811,519
Corporate and other expenses							(581,298)
Operating income							$	230,221

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Gross contribution	2,541,782		110,968		138,448		2,791,198
Corporate and other expenses							(2,023,411)
Operating income							$	767,787

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639
Gross contribution	2,235,594		67,954		112,840		2,416,388
Corporate and other expenses							(1,686,041)
Operating income							$	730,347

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Total segment gross contribution	$	925,969	$	811,519	$	2,791,198	$	2,416,388
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	10,938		14,474		38,474		33,255
Selling, general and administrative	613,031		512,573		1,835,846		1,488,324
Depreciation and amortization	47,251		52,480		143,264		160,749
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331		1,771		5,827		3,713
Operating income	253,418		230,221		767,787		730,347
Interest expense and other, net	(21,356)		(31,388)		(44,715)		(73,119)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	—		—		—		135,545
Less: Provision for income taxes	58,517		49,968		172,087		208,572
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company’s policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee’s target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

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Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Debt

The Company’s total outstanding borrowings are summarized in the table below (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021
2020 Credit Agreement - Term loan facility (1)	$	284,000	$	287,600
2020 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	—		—
Senior Notes due 2028 (“2028 Notes”) (3)	800,000		800,000
Senior Notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes”) (4)	600,000		600,000
Senior Notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) (5)	800,000		800,000
Other (6)	5,135		5,531
Principal amount outstanding (7)	2,489,135		2,493,131
Less: deferred financing fees (8)	(26,947)		(30,367)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,462,188	$	2,462,764

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of September 30, 2022 on the 2020 Credit Agreement Term loan facility and the Revolving credit facility was 4.50%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 3.125% plus a margin of 1.375%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the 2020 Credit Agreement revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of September 30, 2022.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2028 Notes outstanding. The 2028 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.50% and mature on July 1, 2028.

(4)Consists of $600.0 million principal amount of 2029 Notes outstanding. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.625% and mature on June 15, 2029.

(5)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2030 Notes outstanding. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% and mature on October 1, 2030.

(6)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $0.1 million as of September 30, 2022 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan, originated in 2019, has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

(7)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company’s outstanding debt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.68% and 4.69%, respectively.

(8)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

2029 Notes

On June 18, 2021, the Company issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% Senior Notes due 2029. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 18, 2021 (the “2029 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2029 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2021. The 2029 Notes will mature on June 15, 2029.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time on or after June 15, 2024 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2029 Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to June 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2029 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2029 Note Indenture.

2030 Notes

On September 28, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Senior Notes due 2030. The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of September 28, 2020 (the “2030 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2030 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per annum. Interest on the 2030 Notes is payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2021. The 2030 Notes will mature on October 1, 2030.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2030 Notes at any time on or after October 1, 2025 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to October 1, 2025, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2030 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture.

2028 Notes

On June 22, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Senior Notes due 2028. The 2028 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 22, 2020 (the “2028 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2028 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 4.50% per annum. Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2021. The 2028 Notes will mature on July 1, 2028.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at any time on or after July 1, 2023 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to July 1, 2023, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2028 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture.

2020 Credit Agreement

The Company has a credit facility that currently provides for a $400.0 million Term loan facility and a $1.0 billion Revolving credit facility (the “2020 Credit Agreement”). The 2020 Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense coverage ratio. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 30, 2022.

The Term loan is being repaid in consecutive quarterly installments that commenced on December 31, 2020, plus a final payment to be made on September 28, 2025. The Revolving credit facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed through September 28, 2025, at which all then-outstanding amounts must be repaid.

Interest Rate Swaps

As of September 30, 2022, the Company had one fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contract with a notional value of $350.0 million that matures in 2025. The Company pays a base fixed rate of 3.04% and in return receives a floating Eurodollar base rate on 30-day notional borrowings. In June 2022, the Company terminated a fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contract with a notional value of $350.0 million, and received proceeds of $0.5 million. The Company had two other fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $700.0 million that matured during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Effective June 30, 2020, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps and discontinued hedge accounting. Accordingly, subsequent changes to the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. As of September 30, 2022, $57.5 million is remaining in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net. The interest rate swaps had an unrealized fair value of $10.3 million and a negative unrealized fair value (liability) of $53.7 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of which $43.2 million and $56.3 million were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effect, as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of Company’s interest rate swaps.

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Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Equity

Equity

Share Repurchase Authorization

In 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.2 billion of the Company’s common stock. The Board authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional $1.6 billion and $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock during 2021 and the first half of 2022, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, $612.8 million remained available under the share repurchase program. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards.

The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Number of shares repurchased (1)	375,076		1,255,218		3,783,922		6,624,634
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	96,534	$	355,458	$	1,026,414	$	1,438,808

(1)The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $254.71 and $290.54 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $272.84 and $219.00 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 included purchases for both open market purchases and stock-based compensation award settlements.

(2)The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included $8.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in December 2020 that settled in January 2021 and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2022 included $7.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2022 that settled in July 2022, and excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2021 included $10.8 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2021 that settled in July 2021, and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net (“AOCL”)

The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCL to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2022	$	(47,084)	$	(6,767)	$	(50,665)	$	(104,516)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(29,961)		(29,961)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	3,886		43		—		3,929
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	3,886		43		(29,961)		(26,032)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2021	$	(67,377)	$	(9,102)	$	(6,499)	$	(82,978)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(6,488)		(6,488)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	5,529		100		—		5,629
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	5,529		100		(6,488)		(859)
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2021	$	(56,323)	$	(6,672)	$	(18,436)	$	(81,431)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		(189)		(62,190)		(62,379)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	13,125		137		—		13,262
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	13,125		(52)		(62,190)		(49,117)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2020	$	(78,104)	$	(9,309)	$	(11,815)	$	(99,228)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(1,172)		(1,172)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	16,256		307		—		16,563
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	16,256		307		(1,172)		15,391
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)$5.2 million and $7.4 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. $17.5 million and $21.7 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. See Note 8 — Debt and Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other income, net.

The estimated net amount of the existing losses on the Company’s interest rate swaps that are reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net at September 30, 2022 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months is $20.3 million.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was $58.5 million and $50.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $172.1 million and $208.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The effective income tax rate was 25.2% and 25.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 23.8% and 26.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the second quarter of 2021, the United Kingdom enacted legislation raising its corporate tax rate from 19% to 25% effective April 2023, which led to a higher effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as compared to the same period in 2022.

The Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $158.2 million on September 30, 2022 and $150.0 million on December 31, 2021. It is reasonably possible that gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $30.9 million within the next twelve months due to the anticipated closure of audits and the expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

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Derivatives and Hedging

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging

Derivatives and HedgingThe Company enters into a limited number of derivative contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on variable-rate debt and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its outstanding derivative contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

September 30, 2022
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	1	$	350,000	$	5,915	Other assets	$	(43,198)
				4,351		Other current assets
Foreign currency forwards (2)	34	220,831		(259)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	35	$	570,831	$	10,007		$	(43,198)

December 31, 2021
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(31,942)	Other liabilities	$	(56,323)
				(21,795)		Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2)	138	533,506		(91)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	142	$	1,933,506	$	(53,828)		$	(56,323)

(1)Effective June 30, 2020, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps and discontinued hedge accounting. Accordingly, subsequent changes to fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. See Note 8 — Debt for additional information regarding the Company’s interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income, net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at September 30, 2022 matured before October 31, 2022.

(3)See Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

At September 30, 2022, all of the Company’s derivative counterparties were investment grade financial institutions. The Company did not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and none of the derivative contracts contained credit-risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Amount recorded in:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest expense, net (1)	$	5,185	$	7,380	$	17,515	$	21,695
Other expense (income), net (2)	1,295		2,558		(17,456)		(11,771)
Total expense, net	$	6,480	$	9,938	$	59	$	9,924

(1)Consists of interest expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and gains and losses on de-designated interest rate swaps.

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Fair Value Disclosures

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Disclosures

Fair Value Disclosures

The Company’s financial instruments include cash equivalents, fees receivable from customers, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, all of which are normally short-term in nature. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of these financial

instruments reasonably approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings under the 2020 Credit Agreement. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities.

The Company enters into a limited number of derivatives transactions but does not enter into repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions or master netting arrangements. Receivables or payables that result from derivatives transactions are recorded gross in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for the measurement of fair value and a valuation hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities. Classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the resulting fair value measurement. The valuation hierarchy contains three levels. Level 1 measurements consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves; and other market-corroborated inputs. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs such as internally-created valuation models. Generally, the Company does not utilize Level 3 valuation inputs to remeasure any of its assets or liabilities. However, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company when certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, and right-of-use assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. Additionally, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company in its required annual impairment review of goodwill. Information regarding the periodic assessment of the Company’s goodwill is included in Note 3 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The Company does not typically transfer assets or liabilities between different levels of the valuation hierarchy.

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company's financial statements (in thousands).

Description	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	8,916	$	7,428
Total Level 1 inputs	8,916		7,428
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	75,391		96,627
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	48		1,122
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	10,266		—
Total Level 2 inputs	85,705		97,749
Total Assets	$	94,621	$	105,177
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	90,402	$	110,861
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	307		1,213
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	—		53,737
Total Level 2 inputs	90,709		165,811
Total Liabilities	$	90,709	$	165,811

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 8 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

The table below presents the carrying amounts (net of deferred financing costs) and fair values of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands). The estimated fair value of the financial instruments was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021		2022		2021
2028 Notes	$	792,654	$	791,833	$	711,704	$	836,632
2029 Notes	593,745		593,139		499,416		608,346
2030 Notes	792,112		791,491		653,264		816,208
Total	$	2,178,511	$	2,176,463	$	1,864,384	$	2,261,186

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

The Company’s certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets, are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $2.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, on right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets primarily related to certain office leases that the Company determined will no longer be used. The impairments were derived by comparing the fair value of the impacted assets to the carrying value of those assets as of the impairment measurement date, as required under ASC Topic 360 using Level 3 inputs. See Note 14 — Leases for additional discussion related to these impairment charges.

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Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingencies

Contingencies

Legal Matters. The Company is involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. A provision is recorded for pending litigation in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when it is determined that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on its financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

Indemnifications. The Company has various agreements that may obligate it to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters. Generally, these indemnification clauses are included in contracts arising in the normal course of business under which the Company customarily agrees to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations related to matters such as title to assets sold and licensed or certain intellectual property rights. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification agreements due to the conditional nature of the Company’s obligations and the unique facts of each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not been material. As of September 30, 2022, the Company did not have any material payment obligations under any such indemnification agreements.

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Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

LeasesThe Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2022 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2023 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Description:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating lease cost (1)	$	29,052	$	32,583	$	88,948	$	98,068
Lease cost (2)	4,148		4,251		11,199		12,674
Sublease income	(11,621)		(10,721)		(34,358)		(31,644)
Total lease cost, net (3) (4)	$	21,579	$	26,113	$	65,789	$	79,098
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,255	$	35,322	$	103,114	$	105,573
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	11,500	$	11,669	$	34,130	$	32,128
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	7,438	$	18,787	$	19,120	$	28,081

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.4 million and $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.3 million and $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for costs related to subleasing activities.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that are not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during any of the periods presented.

(4)Amount excludes impairment charges on lease related assets totaling $2.0 million and $37.5 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, as discussed below.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description:	2022		2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	97,370	$	89,754
Operating lease liabilities	614,442		697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$	711,812	$	787,520

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company continued to evaluate its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon a portion of one leased office space and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360.

As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized impairment losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 of $2.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment losses recorded include $1.7 million and $27.0 million related to right-of-use assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The impairment losses also include $0.3 million and $10.5 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair values include the

expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.

Leases

LeasesThe Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2022 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2023 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Description:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating lease cost (1)	$	29,052	$	32,583	$	88,948	$	98,068
Lease cost (2)	4,148		4,251		11,199		12,674
Sublease income	(11,621)		(10,721)		(34,358)		(31,644)
Total lease cost, net (3) (4)	$	21,579	$	26,113	$	65,789	$	79,098
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,255	$	35,322	$	103,114	$	105,573
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	11,500	$	11,669	$	34,130	$	32,128
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	7,438	$	18,787	$	19,120	$	28,081

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.4 million and $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.3 million and $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for costs related to subleasing activities.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that are not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during any of the periods presented.

(4)Amount excludes impairment charges on lease related assets totaling $2.0 million and $37.5 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, as discussed below.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description:	2022		2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	97,370	$	89,754
Operating lease liabilities	614,442		697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$	711,812	$	787,520

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company continued to evaluate its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon a portion of one leased office space and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360.

As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized impairment losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 of $2.0 million and $37.5 million, respectively, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment losses recorded include $1.7 million and $27.0 million related to right-of-use assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The impairment losses also include $0.3 million and $10.5 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair values include the

expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.

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Business and Basis of Presentation (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Segments

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for the Company’s segments are discussed in Note 7 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2022 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	—		4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consisted of an escrow account established in connection with the Company’s 2021 business acquisition. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of restricted cash for deferred

consideration related to a 2021 acquisition. Note 2 - Acquisition provides additional information regarding the 2021 acquisition.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

Adoption of new accounting standards

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standard described below during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Business Combinations — In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations, Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU No. 2021-08”). ASU No. 2021-08 provides guidance for a business combination on how to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers and other contracts that apply the provisions of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Specifically, the proposed amendments would require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606. Generally, this would result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements (if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP). The rule will be effective for public entities on January 1, 2023, with early adoption permitted. Gartner has elected to adopt ASU No. 2021-08 effective January 1, 2022. ASU No. 2021-08 will not impact acquired contract assets or liabilities from business combinations occurring prior to January 1, 2022, and the impact in future periods will depend on the contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in future business combinations.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU No. 2020-04”). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective later in 2022

Government Assistance — In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“ASU No. 2021-10”). ASU No. 2021-10 requires business entities to annually disclose information about certain government assistance they receive. The rule will be effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of ASU No. 2021-10 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

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Business and Basis of Presentation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents

Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	—		4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consisted of an escrow account established in connection with the Company’s 2021 business acquisition. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of restricted cash for deferred

consideration related to a 2021 acquisition. Note 2 - Acquisition provides additional information regarding the 2021 acquisition.

Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents

Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	528,687	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	—		4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	528,687	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consisted of an escrow account established in connection with the Company’s 2021 business acquisition. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.1 million of restricted cash for deferred

consideration related to a 2021 acquisition. Note 2 - Acquisition provides additional information regarding the 2021 acquisition.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 (1)	$	2,670,934	$	184,021	$	96,362	$	2,951,317
Foreign currency translation impact	(12,751)		(148)		(2,278)		(15,177)
Balance at September 30, 2022 (1)	$	2,658,183	$	183,873	$	94,084	$	2,936,140

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Schedule of amortizable intangible assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

September 30, 2022	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2021	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Foreign currency translation impact	(60,366)		(888)		—		(61,254)
Gross cost	1,035,992		60,328		10,436		1,106,756
Accumulated amortization (1)	(454,382)		(43,189)		(5,352)		(502,923)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	581,610	$	17,139	$	5,084	$	603,833

December 31, 2021	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Accumulated amortization (1)	(413,266)		(35,727)		(4,599)		(453,592)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	683,092	$	25,489	$	5,837	$	714,418

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; Technology-related—3 to 7 years; and Other—4 to 11 years.

Schedule of estimated future amortization expense by year

The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2022 (remaining three months)	$	23,979
2023	95,901
2024	88,802
2025	78,302
2026	75,628
Thereafter	241,221
	$	603,833

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Revenue and Related Matters (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue by Reportable Segment

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	771,534	$	44,499	$	67,194	$	883,227
Europe, Middle East and Africa	245,093		18,034		26,644		289,771
Other International	131,196		14,498		13,176		158,870
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	671,517	$	14,171	$	56,715	$	742,403
Europe, Middle East and Africa	242,273		7,975		26,707		276,955
Other International	123,334		2,269		11,321		136,924
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	2,264,733	$	139,418	$	208,799	$	2,612,950
Europe, Middle East and Africa	763,639		40,308		93,135		897,082
Other International	398,160		21,184		41,753		461,097
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	1,949,282	$	74,098	$	173,806	$	2,197,186
Europe, Middle East and Africa	709,230		25,156		92,528		826,914
Other International	361,582		8,142		33,815		403,539
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	1,045,425	$	—	$	90,316	$	1,135,741
Transferred at a point in time (2)	102,398		77,031		16,698		196,127
Total revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	944,206	$	—	$	77,538	$	1,021,744
Transferred at a point in time (2)	92,918		24,415		17,205		134,538
Total revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	3,109,099	$	—	$	281,953	$	3,391,052
Transferred at a point in time (2)	317,433		200,910		61,734		580,077
Total revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	2,755,047	$	—	$	247,869	$	3,002,916
Transferred at a point in time (2)	265,047		107,396		52,280		424,723
Total revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639

(1)Research revenues are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues are recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables are provided to the customer.

Schedule for Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,054,640	$	1,371,680
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	23,474	$	20,054
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	2,229,648	$	2,238,035
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	31,049		48,176
Total contract liabilities	$	2,260,697	$	2,286,211

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restrictions.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s).

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Computation of Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of basic and diluted earnings per share calculations

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	79,259		83,566		80,516		85,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	800		1,200		857		1,048
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	80,059		84,766		81,373		86,925
Basic income per share	$	2.19	$	1.78	$	6.84	$	6.80
Diluted income per share	$	2.17	$	1.76	$	6.77	$	6.72

(1)Certain outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These anti-dilutive outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans totaled approximately 0.1 million for both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For both of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the number of anti-dilutive shares was de minimis.

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by award type

The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Award type	2022		2021		2022		2021
Stock appreciation rights	$	2.2	$	2.1	$	6.6	$	6.1
Restricted stock units (2)	18.6		17.1		70.4		75.0
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2		0.6		0.6
Total (1)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by expense category

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Expense category line item	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cost of services and product development	$	7.6	$	6.9	$	27.0	$	28.6
Selling, general and administrative	13.4		12.5		50.6		53.1
Total (1) (2)	$	21.0	$	19.4	$	77.6	$	81.7

(1)Includes costs of $5.4 million and $5.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $32.7 million and $38.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2)On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the PSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of segment reporting information, by segment

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,147,823	$	77,031	$	107,014	$	1,331,868
Gross contribution	848,438		40,318		37,213		925,969
Corporate and other expenses							(672,551)
Operating income							$	253,418
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,037,124	$	24,415	$	94,743	$	1,156,282
Gross contribution	769,091		11,456		30,972		811,519
Corporate and other expenses							(581,298)
Operating income							$	230,221

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,426,532	$	200,910	$	343,687	$	3,971,129
Gross contribution	2,541,782		110,968		138,448		2,791,198
Corporate and other expenses							(2,023,411)
Operating income							$	767,787

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	3,020,094	$	107,396	$	300,149	$	3,427,639
Gross contribution	2,235,594		67,954		112,840		2,416,388
Corporate and other expenses							(1,686,041)
Operating income							$	730,347

Schedule of reconciliation of segment gross contribution to net income

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Total segment gross contribution	$	925,969	$	811,519	$	2,791,198	$	2,416,388
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	10,938		14,474		38,474		33,255
Selling, general and administrative	613,031		512,573		1,835,846		1,488,324
Depreciation and amortization	47,251		52,480		143,264		160,749
Acquisition and integration charges	1,331		1,771		5,827		3,713
Operating income	253,418		230,221		767,787		730,347
Interest expense and other, net	(21,356)		(31,388)		(44,715)		(73,119)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	—		—		—		135,545
Less: Provision for income taxes	58,517		49,968		172,087		208,572
Net income	$	173,545	$	148,865	$	550,985	$	584,201

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company’s policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee’s target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

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Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of debt

The Company’s total outstanding borrowings are summarized in the table below (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021
2020 Credit Agreement - Term loan facility (1)	$	284,000	$	287,600
2020 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	—		—
Senior Notes due 2028 (“2028 Notes”) (3)	800,000		800,000
Senior Notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes”) (4)	600,000		600,000
Senior Notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) (5)	800,000		800,000
Other (6)	5,135		5,531
Principal amount outstanding (7)	2,489,135		2,493,131
Less: deferred financing fees (8)	(26,947)		(30,367)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,462,188	$	2,462,764

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of September 30, 2022 on the 2020 Credit Agreement Term loan facility and the Revolving credit facility was 4.50%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 3.125% plus a margin of 1.375%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the 2020 Credit Agreement revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of September 30, 2022.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2028 Notes outstanding. The 2028 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.50% and mature on July 1, 2028.

(4)Consists of $600.0 million principal amount of 2029 Notes outstanding. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.625% and mature on June 15, 2029.

(5)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2030 Notes outstanding. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% and mature on October 1, 2030.

(6)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $0.1 million as of September 30, 2022 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan, originated in 2019, has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

(7)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company’s outstanding debt for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.68% and 4.69%, respectively.

(8)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

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Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of share repurchase activity

The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Number of shares repurchased (1)	375,076		1,255,218		3,783,922		6,624,634
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	96,534	$	355,458	$	1,026,414	$	1,438,808

(1)The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $254.71 and $290.54 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $272.84 and $219.00 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 included purchases for both open market purchases and stock-based compensation award settlements.

(2)The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 included $8.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in December 2020 that settled in January 2021 and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2022 included $7.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2022 that settled in July 2022, and excluded $6.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2022 that settled in October 2022. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended September 30, 2021 included $10.8 million of open market purchases with trade dates in June 2021 that settled in July 2021, and excluded $20.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in September 2021 that settled in October 2021.

Schedule of the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss by component (net of tax)

The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCL to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2022	$	(47,084)	$	(6,767)	$	(50,665)	$	(104,516)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(29,961)		(29,961)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	3,886		43		—		3,929
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	3,886		43		(29,961)		(26,032)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – June 30, 2021	$	(67,377)	$	(9,102)	$	(6,499)	$	(82,978)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(6,488)		(6,488)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	5,529		100		—		5,629
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	5,529		100		(6,488)		(859)
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2021	$	(56,323)	$	(6,672)	$	(18,436)	$	(81,431)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		(189)		(62,190)		(62,379)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	13,125		137		—		13,262
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	13,125		(52)		(62,190)		(49,117)
Balance – September 30, 2022	$	(43,198)	$	(6,724)	$	(80,626)	$	(130,548)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2020	$	(78,104)	$	(9,309)	$	(11,815)	$	(99,228)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(1,172)		(1,172)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	16,256		307		—		16,563
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	16,256		307		(1,172)		15,391
Balance – September 30, 2021	$	(61,848)	$	(9,002)	$	(12,987)	$	(83,837)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)$5.2 million and $7.4 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. $17.5 million and $21.7 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. See Note 8 — Debt and Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other income, net.

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Derivatives and Hedging (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of information regarding outstanding derivative contracts

The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

September 30, 2022
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	1	$	350,000	$	5,915	Other assets	$	(43,198)
				4,351		Other current assets
Foreign currency forwards (2)	34	220,831		(259)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	35	$	570,831	$	10,007		$	(43,198)

December 31, 2021
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(31,942)	Other liabilities	$	(56,323)
				(21,795)		Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2)	138	533,506		(91)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	142	$	1,933,506	$	(53,828)		$	(56,323)

(1)Effective June 30, 2020, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps and discontinued hedge accounting. Accordingly, subsequent changes to fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. See Note 8 — Debt for additional information regarding the Company’s interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income, net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at September 30, 2022 matured before October 31, 2022.

(3)See Note 12 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

Schedule of amounts recognized in statement of operations

The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Amount recorded in:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest expense, net (1)	$	5,185	$	7,380	$	17,515	$	21,695
Other expense (income), net (2)	1,295		2,558		(17,456)		(11,771)
Total expense, net	$	6,480	$	9,938	$	59	$	9,924

(1)Consists of interest expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and gains and losses on de-designated interest rate swaps.

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Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of assets and liabilities that are remeasured to fair value

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company's financial statements (in thousands).

Description	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	8,916	$	7,428
Total Level 1 inputs	8,916		7,428
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	75,391		96,627
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	48		1,122
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	10,266		—
Total Level 2 inputs	85,705		97,749
Total Assets	$	94,621	$	105,177
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	90,402	$	110,861
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	307		1,213
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	—		53,737
Total Level 2 inputs	90,709		165,811
Total Liabilities	$	90,709	$	165,811

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 11 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 8 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

Schedule of Carrying Values and Estimated Fair Values of Debt Instruments

The table below presents the carrying amounts (net of deferred financing costs) and fair values of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands). The estimated fair value of the financial instruments was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	September 30,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021		2022		2021
2028 Notes	$	792,654	$	791,833	$	711,704	$	836,632
2029 Notes	593,745		593,139		499,416		608,346
2030 Notes	792,112		791,491		653,264		816,208
Total	$	2,178,511	$	2,176,463	$	1,864,384	$	2,261,186

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Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Lease costs

The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
Description:	2022		2021		2022		2021
Operating lease cost (1)	$	29,052	$	32,583	$	88,948	$	98,068
Lease cost (2)	4,148		4,251		11,199		12,674
Sublease income	(11,621)		(10,721)		(34,358)		(31,644)
Total lease cost, net (3) (4)	$	21,579	$	26,113	$	65,789	$	79,098
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,255	$	35,322	$	103,114	$	105,573
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	11,500	$	11,669	$	34,130	$	32,128
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	7,438	$	18,787	$	19,120	$	28,081

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.4 million and $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $31.3 million and $31.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for costs related to subleasing activities.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that are not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during any of the periods presented.

(4)Amount excludes impairment charges on lease related assets totaling $2.0 million and $37.5 million, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, as discussed below.

Supplemental balance sheet information

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).

	September 30,		December 31,
Description:	2022		2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	97,370	$	89,754
Operating lease liabilities	614,442		697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$	711,812	$	787,520

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Business and Basis of Presentation - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) segment	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments | segment				3
Proceeds from event cancellation insurance claims	$ 150,000
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	$ 135,500	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 135,545

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Business and Basis of Presentation - Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 528,687	$ 756,493
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0	4,109
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	528,687	$ 760,602	$ 769,730	$ 712,583
Payment for contingent consideration liability, investing activities	$ 4,100

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Acquisition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 17, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash paid for acquisition net of cash acquired			$ 4,109	$ 23,030
Payment for contingent consideration liability, investing activities		$ 4,100
Pulse Q&A Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Percent of outstanding membership interests acquired	100.00%
Purchase price	$ 29,900
Cash paid for acquisition net of cash acquired	22,900
Future compensation expense	$ 4,500
Future compensation expense, recognition period	3 years
Acquired finite lived intangible assets and goodwill	$ 31,000
Acquired other liabilities	$ 1,100

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Changes to Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Reporting Unit (Details)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill impairment	$ 0
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		$ 2,951,317,000
Foreign currency translation impact		(15,177,000)
Ending balance	2,936,140,000	2,936,140,000
Goodwill, accumulated impairment losses	0	0
Research
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		2,670,934,000
Foreign currency translation impact		(12,751,000)
Ending balance	2,658,183,000	2,658,183,000
Conferences
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		184,021,000
Foreign currency translation impact		(148,000)
Ending balance	183,873,000	183,873,000
Consulting
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance		96,362,000
Foreign currency translation impact		(2,278,000)
Ending balance	$ 94,084,000	$ 94,084,000

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Carrying Amounts of Amortizable Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance			$ 1,168,010
Foreign currency translation impact			(61,254)
Gross cost, ending balance	$ 1,106,756		1,106,756
Accumulated amortization	(502,923)		(502,923)		$ (453,592)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	603,833		603,833		714,418
Amortization of intangibles	24,369	$ 27,109	74,271	$ 83,777
Customer Relationships
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance			1,096,358
Foreign currency translation impact			(60,366)
Gross cost, ending balance	1,035,992		1,035,992
Accumulated amortization	(454,382)		(454,382)		(413,266)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	581,610		$ 581,610		683,092
Customer Relationships | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			6 years
Customer Relationships | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			13 years
Technology-related
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance			$ 61,216
Foreign currency translation impact			(888)
Gross cost, ending balance	60,328		60,328
Accumulated amortization	(43,189)		(43,189)		(35,727)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	17,139		17,139		25,489
Other
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance			10,436
Foreign currency translation impact			0
Gross cost, ending balance	10,436		10,436
Accumulated amortization	(5,352)		(5,352)		(4,599)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 5,084		$ 5,084		$ 5,837
Other | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			4 years
Other | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			11 years
Technology-Based Intangible Assets | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			3 years
Technology-Based Intangible Assets | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life			7 years

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Estimated Future Amortization Expense By Year From Amortizable Intangibles (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2022 (remaining three months)	$ 23,979
2023	95,901
2024	88,802
2025	78,302
2026	75,628
Thereafter	241,221
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 603,833	$ 714,418

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Revenue and Related Matters - Disaggregation of Revenue by Geographic Area (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 1,331,868	$ 1,156,282	$ 3,971,129	$ 3,427,639
Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	1,147,823	1,037,124	3,426,532	3,020,094
Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	77,031	24,415	200,910	107,396
Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	107,014	94,743	343,687	300,149
United States and Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	883,227	742,403	2,612,950	2,197,186
United States and Canada | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	771,534	671,517	2,264,733	1,949,282
United States and Canada | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	44,499	14,171	139,418	74,098
United States and Canada | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	67,194	56,715	208,799	173,806
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	289,771	276,955	897,082	826,914
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	245,093	242,273	763,639	709,230
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	18,034	7,975	40,308	25,156
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	26,644	26,707	93,135	92,528
Other International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	158,870	136,924	461,097	403,539
Other International | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	131,196	123,334	398,160	361,582
Other International | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	14,498	2,269	21,184	8,142
Other International | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 13,176	$ 11,321	$ 41,753	$ 33,815

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Revenue and Related Matters - Timing Of Revenue Recognition Liabilities per Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 1,331,868	$ 1,156,282	$ 3,971,129	$ 3,427,639
Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	1,135,741	1,021,744	3,391,052	3,002,916
Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	196,127	134,538	580,077	424,723
Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	1,147,823	1,037,124	3,426,532	3,020,094
Research | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	1,045,425	944,206	3,109,099	2,755,047
Research | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	102,398	92,918	317,433	265,047
Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	77,031	24,415	200,910	107,396
Conferences | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	0	0	0	0
Conferences | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	77,031	24,415	200,910	107,396
Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	107,014	94,743	343,687	300,149
Consulting | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	90,316	77,538	281,953	247,869
Consulting | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 16,698	$ 17,205	$ 61,734	$ 52,280

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Revenue and Related Matters - Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation (Details) $ in Billions	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 4.9
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 0.8
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction	3 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 2.6
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 1.5
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction

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Revenue and Related Matters - Schedule of Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross	$ 1,054,640		$ 1,054,640		$ 1,371,680
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets	23,474		23,474		20,054
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability)	2,229,648		2,229,648		2,238,035
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities	31,049		31,049		48,176
Total contract liabilities	2,260,697		2,260,697		$ 2,286,211
Revenue recognized previously attributable to deferred revenues	$ 931,600	$ 818,400	$ 1,800,000	$ 1,500,000

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Computation of Earnings Per Share - Calculations Of Basic And Diluted (Loss) Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share	$ 173,545	$ 204,925	$ 172,515	$ 148,865	$ 271,236	$ 164,100	$ 550,985	$ 584,201
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share (in shares)	79,259			83,566			80,516	85,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	800			1,200			857	1,048
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share (in shares)	80,059			84,766			81,373	86,925
Basic income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.19			$ 1.78			$ 6.84	$ 6.80
Diluted income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.17			$ 1.76			$ 6.77	$ 6.72

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Computation of Earnings Per Share - Additional information (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of (loss) income per share (in shares)	0.1	0.1

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Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - $ / shares shares in Millions	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Number of shares available for grant (in shares)	3.9
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0005	$ 0.0005

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-based Compensation Expense by Award Type and Expense Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Feb. 03, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	$ 21.0	$ 19.4	$ 77.6	$ 81.7
Cost of services and product development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	7.6	6.9	27.0	28.6
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	13.4	12.5	50.6	53.1
Stock appreciation rights
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	2.2	2.1	6.6	6.1
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	18.6	17.1	70.4	75.0
Common stock equivalents
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.6
Retirement eligible employees equity award
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	$ 5.4	$ 5.5	$ 32.7	38.3
Performance-based RSUs | Executive officer
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)				$ 6.5
Target performance percentage	50.00%		50.00%		95.00%

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Segment Information - Information About Reportable Segments (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) segment	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment			3
Operating income	$ 253,418,000	$ 230,221,000	$ 767,787,000	$ 730,347,000
Intersegment revenues
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues			0
Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,331,868,000	1,156,282,000	3,971,129,000	3,427,639,000
Operating income	925,969,000	811,519,000	2,791,198,000	2,416,388,000
Corporate and other expenses
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income	(672,551,000)	(581,298,000)	(2,023,411,000)	(1,686,041,000)
Research | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,147,823,000	1,037,124,000	3,426,532,000	3,020,094,000
Operating income	848,438,000	769,091,000	2,541,782,000	2,235,594,000
Conferences | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	77,031,000	24,415,000	200,910,000	107,396,000
Operating income	40,318,000	11,456,000	110,968,000	67,954,000
Consulting | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	107,014,000	94,743,000	343,687,000	300,149,000
Operating income	$ 37,213,000	$ 30,972,000	$ 138,448,000	$ 112,840,000

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Segment Information - Reconciliation of Segment Gross Contribution to Net Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Total segment gross contribution		$ 253,418			$ 230,221			$ 767,787	$ 730,347
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated		416,837			359,237			1,218,405	1,044,506
Selling, general and administrative		613,031			512,573			1,835,846	1,488,324
Acquisition and integration charges		1,331			1,771			5,827	3,713
Operating income		253,418			230,221			767,787	730,347
Interest expense and other, net		(21,356)			(31,388)			(44,715)	(73,119)
Gain on event cancellation insurance claims	$ 135,500	0			0			0	135,545
Less: Provision for income taxes		58,517			49,968			172,087	208,572
Net income		173,545	$ 204,925	$ 172,515	148,865	$ 271,236	$ 164,100	550,985	584,201
Reportable segments
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Total segment gross contribution		925,969			811,519			2,791,198	2,416,388
Costs and expenses:
Operating income		925,969			811,519			$ 2,791,198	2,416,388
Reportable segments | Maximum
Costs and expenses:
Percent of target bonus allocated to segments								100.00%
Corporate and other expenses
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Total segment gross contribution		(672,551)			(581,298)			$ (2,023,411)	(1,686,041)
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated		10,938			14,474			38,474	33,255
Selling, general and administrative		613,031			512,573			1,835,846	1,488,324
Depreciation and amortization		47,251			52,480			143,264	160,749
Acquisition and integration charges		1,331			1,771			5,827	3,713
Operating income		$ (672,551)			$ (581,298)			$ (2,023,411)	$ (1,686,041)

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Debt - Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	$ 2,489,135	$ 2,493,131
Less: deferred financing fees	(26,947)	(30,367)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	2,462,188	2,462,764
Term Loan Facility | 2020 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	284,000	287,600
Line of Credit | Revolving credit facility | 2020 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	0	0
Senior Notes | 2028 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	800,000	800,000
Senior Notes | 2029 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	600,000	600,000
Senior Notes | 2030 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	800,000	800,000
Other
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	$ 5,135	$ 5,531

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Debt - Footnote to Borrowings (Details)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) loan	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) loan	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 18, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 28, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 22, 2020 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	$ 2,489,135,000	$ 2,489,135,000	$ 2,493,131,000
Weighted average annual effect rate	4.68%	4.69%
Term Loan Facility | 2020 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual annualized interest rate	4.50%	4.50%
Floating eurodollar base rate	3.125%	3.125%
Additional interest above base rate		1.375%
Aggregate principal amount					$ 400,000,000
Principal amount outstanding	$ 284,000,000	$ 284,000,000	287,600,000
Line of Credit | Revolving credit facility | 2020 Credit Agreement
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Remaining borrowing capacity	1,000,000,000	1,000,000,000
Principal amount outstanding	0	0	0
Senior Notes | 2028 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	800,000,000	800,000,000				$ 800,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate						4.50%
Principal amount outstanding	800,000,000	800,000,000	800,000,000
Senior Notes | 2029 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	600,000,000	600,000,000		$ 600,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate				3.625%
Principal amount outstanding	600,000,000	600,000,000	600,000,000
Senior Notes | 2030 Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	800,000,000	800,000,000			$ 800,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate					3.75%
Principal amount outstanding	$ 800,000,000	$ 800,000,000	$ 800,000,000
Connecticut Economic Development Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of loans | loan	2	2
Connecticut Economic Development Program | Economic Development Loan 1
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	3.00%	3.00%
Debt term		10 years
Principal amount outstanding	$ 100,000	$ 100,000
Connecticut Economic Development Program | Economic Development Loan 2
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	1.75%	1.75%
Debt term		10 years

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Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 18, 2021	Sep. 28, 2020	Jun. 22, 2020	Sep. 30, 2022
2029 Notes | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	$ 600,000,000			$ 600,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	3.625%
Debt instrument, issue price, percent	100.00%
2029 Notes | Senior Notes | Debt Instrument Redemption Option One
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Percentage of principal amount redeemed	40.00%
2030 Notes | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount		$ 800,000,000		800,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate		3.75%
Debt instrument, issue price, percent		100.00%
Percentage of principal amount redeemed		40.00%
2028 Notes | Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount			$ 800,000,000	$ 800,000,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate			4.50%
Debt instrument, issue price, percent			100.00%
Percentage of principal amount redeemed			40.00%
2020 Credit Agreement | Variable Rate Component, One | Federal Reserve Board of New York Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate		0.50%
2020 Credit Agreement | Term Loan Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount		$ 400,000,000
2020 Credit Agreement | Line of Credit | Revolving credit facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 1,000,000,000

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Debt - Interest Rate Swaps (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) contract	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) contract	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) contract
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of contracts | contract		35		142
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value		$ 570,831		$ 1,933,506
Interest rate swaps
Derivative [Line Items]
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value			$ 700,000
Term of contract		30 days
Derivative, cash received	$ 500
Loss on release of interest rate swap recognized in AOCI		$ 57,500
Net negative fair value (liability)		10,300		(53,700)
Interest rate swaps | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
Derivative [Line Items]
Net negative fair value (liability)		$ (43,200)		$ (56,300)
Interest rate swaps | Minimum
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate		3.04%
Interest rate swaps | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of contracts | contract		1
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value		$ 350,000
Interest rate swaps | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of contracts | contract			2
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value	$ 350,000

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Equity - Share Repurchase Program and Share Repurchase Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2021	Jan. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2015
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount									$ 1,200,000
Stock repurchase program, additional authorized amount							$ 1,000,000	$ 1,600,000
Stock repurchase program, remaining authorized repurchase amount			$ 612,800		$ 612,800
Number of shares repurchased (in shares)			375,076	1,255,218	3,783,922	6,624,634
Cash paid for repurchased shares			$ 96,534	$ 355,458	$ 1,026,414	$ 1,438,808
Treasury stock, average price paid per share (in dollars per share)			$ 254.71	$ 290.54	$ 272.84	$ 219.00
Open Market Purchases
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Cash paid for repurchased shares	$ 20,000	$ 8,000	$ 7,000	$ 10,800
Open Market Purchases, Excluded
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Cash paid for repurchased shares			$ 6,000		$ 6,000

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Equity - Changes in AOCI/L by Component (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ (142,867)	$ 118,153	$ 371,058	$ 527,638	$ 891,594	$ 1,090,428	$ 371,058	$ 1,090,428
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	(29,961)			(6,488)			(62,379)	(1,172)
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	3,929			5,629			13,262	16,563
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(26,032)	(21,705)	(1,380)	(859)	10,200	6,050	(49,117)	15,391
Ending balance	(64,926)	(142,867)	118,153	334,507	527,638	891,594	(64,926)	334,507
Derivative reclassifications	(6,480)			(9,938)			(59)	(9,924)
Interest rate swaps
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Derivative reclassifications	5,200			7,400			(17,500)	(21,700)
Loss to be reclassified within twelve months							20,300
Interest Rate Swaps
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(47,084)		(56,323)	(67,377)		(78,104)	(56,323)	(78,104)
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	0			0			0	0
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	3,886			5,529			13,125	16,256
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	3,886			5,529			13,125	16,256
Ending balance	(43,198)	(47,084)		(61,848)	(67,377)		(43,198)	(61,848)
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(6,767)		(6,672)	(9,102)		(9,309)	(6,672)	(9,309)
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	0			0			(189)	0
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	43			100			137	307
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	43			100			(52)	307
Ending balance	(6,724)	(6,767)		(9,002)	(9,102)		(6,724)	(9,002)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(50,665)		(18,436)	(6,499)		(11,815)	(18,436)	(11,815)
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	(29,961)			(6,488)			(62,190)	(1,172)
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	0			0			0	0
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(29,961)			(6,488)			(62,190)	(1,172)
Ending balance	(80,626)	(50,665)		(12,987)	(6,499)		(80,626)	(12,987)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(104,516)	(82,811)	(81,431)	(82,978)	(93,178)	(99,228)	(81,431)	(99,228)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(26,032)	(21,705)	(1,380)	(859)	10,200	6,050
Ending balance	$ (130,548)	$ (104,516)	$ (82,811)	$ (83,837)	$ (82,978)	$ (93,178)	$ (130,548)	$ (83,837)

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision for income taxes	$ 58,517	$ 49,968	$ 172,087	$ 208,572
Effective income tax rate	25.20%	25.10%	23.80%	26.30%
Unrecognized tax benefits	$ 158,200		$ 158,200		$ 150,000
Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits is reasonably possible	$ 30,900		$ 30,900

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Derivatives and Hedging - Outstanding Derivatives Contracts (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) contract	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) contract	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | contract	35	142
Notional Amounts	$ 570,831	$ 1,933,506
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	10,007	(53,828)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax	$ (43,198)	$ (56,323)
Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Notional Amounts			$ 700,000
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other assets | Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | contract	1	4
Notional Amounts	$ 350,000	$ 1,400,000
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	5,915	(31,942)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax	(43,198)	(56,323)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued liabilities | Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	$ 4,351	$ (21,795)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued liabilities | Foreign currency forwards
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | contract	34	138
Notional Amounts	$ 220,831	$ 533,506
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	(259)	(91)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax	$ 0	$ 0

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Derivatives and Hedging - Amounts Recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for Derivative Contracts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense, net	$ 6,480	$ 9,938	$ 59	$ 9,924
Interest expense, net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense, net	5,185	7,380	17,515	21,695
Other expense (income) , net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense, net	$ 1,295	$ 2,558	$ (17,456)	$ (11,771)

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Fair Value Disclosures - Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$ 94,621	$ 105,177
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	8,916	7,428
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	85,705	97,749
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	90,709	165,811
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Foreign currency forward contracts
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	48	1,122
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	307	1,213
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Interest rate swap contracts
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	10,266	0
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	0	53,737
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Deferred compensation plan assets
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	75,391	96,627
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Deferred compensation plan liabilities
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$ 90,402	$ 110,861

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Fair Value Disclosures - Fair Value of Debt Instruments (Details) - Senior Notes - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	$ 2,178,511	$ 2,176,463
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value	1,864,384	2,261,186
2028 Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	792,654	791,833
2028 Notes | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value	711,704	836,632
2029 Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	593,745	593,139
2029 Notes | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value	499,416	608,346
2030 Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Carrying Amount	792,112	791,491
2030 Notes | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fair Value	$ 653,264	$ 816,208

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Fair Value Disclosures - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net	$ 1.7	$ 27.0
Selling, general and administrative
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net	$ 2.0	$ 37.5

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Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Renewal term	10 years	10 years
Option to terminate, term		1 year
Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net	$ 1.7	$ 27.0
Impairment of leasehold improvement	0.3	10.5
Selling, general and administrative
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net	$ 2.0	$ 37.5

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Leases - Net Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 29,052	$ 32,583	$ 88,948	$ 98,068
Lease cost	4,148	4,251	11,199	12,674
Sublease income	(11,621)	(10,721)	(34,358)	(31,644)
Total lease cost, net	21,579	26,113	65,789	79,098
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	34,255	35,322	103,114	105,573
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	11,500	11,669	34,130	32,128
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	7,438	18,787	19,120	28,081
Cost for subleasing activities	$ 10,400	$ 10,600	$ 31,300	$ 31,800

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Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Leases [Abstract]
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$ 97,370	$ 89,754
Operating lease liabilities	614,442	697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$ 711,812	$ 787,520
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities