10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)

☑	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
	For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020
	OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

Commission File Number 1-14443

Gartner, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	04-3099750
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification Number)
P.O. Box 10212	06902-7700
56 Top Gallant Road	(Zip Code)
Stamford,
Connecticut
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203) 316-1111

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.0005 par value per share	IT	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
		Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of May 1, 2020, 89,175,114 shares of the registrant’s common shares were outstanding.

Table of Contents

	Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 and 2019	7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS	23
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK	34
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES	35
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS	36
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS	36
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS	38
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION	38
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS	38

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited; in thousands, except share data)

	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	227,850	$	280,836
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $9,000 and $8,000, respectively	1,148,565		1,326,012
Deferred commissions	240,177		265,867
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	156,026		146,026
Total current assets	1,772,618		2,018,741
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	346,579		344,579
Operating lease right-of-use assets	678,018		702,916
Goodwill	2,927,666		2,937,726
Intangible assets, net	864,150		925,087
Other assets	211,315		222,245
Total Assets	$	6,800,346	$	7,151,294
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	533,951	$	788,796
Deferred revenues	1,847,384		1,928,020
Current portion of long-term debt	149,003		139,718
Total current liabilities	2,530,338		2,856,534
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	2,035,273		2,043,888
Operating lease liabilities	813,883		832,533
Other liabilities	530,577		479,746
Total Liabilities	5,910,071		6,212,701
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82		82
Additional paid-in capital	1,922,608		1,899,273
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(168,972)		(77,938)
Accumulated earnings	2,063,819		1,988,722
Treasury stock, at cost, 74,308,008 and 74,444,288 common shares, respectively	(2,927,262)		(2,871,546)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	890,275		938,593
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	6,800,346	$	7,151,294

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Revenues:
Research	$	909,291	$	825,374
Conferences	13,870		51,932
Consulting	95,730		93,138
Total revenues	1,018,891		970,444
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	341,278		346,645
Selling, general and administrative	496,639		518,770
Depreciation	22,517		19,775
Amortization of intangibles	32,179		33,683
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560		2,772
Total costs and expenses	894,173		921,645
Operating income	124,718		48,799
Interest expense, net	(26,349)		(24,847)
Loss from divested operations	—		(2,075)
Other expense, net	(1,515)		(824)
Income before income taxes	96,854		21,053
Provision for income taxes	21,757		258
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.84	$	0.23
Diluted	$	0.83	$	0.23
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	89,219		89,882
Diluted	90,066		91,004

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(Unaudited; in thousands)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(46,381)		(7,236)
Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	(44,732)		(14,505)
Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	79		42
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(91,034)		(21,699)
Comprehensive loss	$	(15,937)	$	(904)

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited; in thousands)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	82	$	1,899,273	$	(77,938)	$	1,988,722	$	(2,871,546)	$	938,593
Net income	—		—		—		75,097		—		75,097
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(91,034)		—		—		(91,034)
Issuances under stock plans	—		(1,794)		—		—		7,448		5,654
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(63,164)		(63,164)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		25,129		—		—		—		25,129
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	82	$	1,922,608	$	(168,972)	$	2,063,819	$	(2,927,262)	$	890,275

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	82	$	1,823,710	$	(39,867)	$	1,755,432	$	(2,688,600)	$	850,757
Net income	—		—		—		20,795		—		20,795
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(21,699)		—		—		(21,699)
Issuances under stock plans	—		(2,911)		—		—		7,973		5,062
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(29,837)		(29,837)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		31,819		—		—		—		31,819
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	82	$	1,852,618	$	(61,566)	$	1,776,227	$	(2,710,464)	$	856,897

6

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited; in thousands)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Operating activities:
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	54,696		53,458
Stock-based compensation expense	25,129		31,819
Deferred taxes	25,537		(25,530)
Loss from divested operations	—		2,075
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	22,862		20,939
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	1,637		1,616
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Fees receivable, net	135,661		78,390
Deferred commissions	17,520		4,073
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(12,656)		8,891
Other assets	5,961		(28,517)
Deferred revenues	(26,228)		85,740
Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(269,467)		(218,153)
Cash provided by operating activities	55,749		35,596
Investing activities:
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(24,536)		(20,060)
Acquisitions - cash paid (net of cash acquired)	—		(2,295)
Cash used in investing activities	(24,536)		(22,355)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	5,641		5,083
Proceeds from borrowings	—		35,000
Payments on borrowings	(967)		(18,682)
Purchases of treasury stock	(73,164)		(44,839)
Cash used in financing activities	(68,490)		(23,438)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(37,277)		(10,197)
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(15,709)		804
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	280,836		158,663
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	227,850	$	149,270

See the accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation

Business. Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) is the world’s leading research and advisory company and a member of the S&P 500. We equip business leaders with indispensable insights, advice and tools to achieve their mission–critical priorities today and build the successful organizations of tomorrow. We believe our unmatched combination of expert-led, practitioner-sourced and data-driven research steers clients toward the right decisions on the issues that matter most. We are a trusted advisor and an objective resource for more than 15,000 enterprises in more than 100 countries — across all major functions, in every industry and enterprise size.

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for our segments are discussed in Note 5 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2020 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between our estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported in Wuhan, China and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. Any future asset impairment charges, increase in allowance for doubtful accounts, or restructuring charges could be more likely if the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue and will be dependent on the severity and duration of this crisis. To date, the Company has not observed any material impairments of its assets or a significant change in the fair value of assets due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

8

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Note 2 — Revenue and Related Matters provides additional information regarding the Company's revenues.

Acquisition and divestiture activities. The Company recognized $1.6 million and $2.8 million of Acquisition and integration charges during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Acquisition and integration charges reflect additional costs and expenses resulting from our acquisitions and include, among other items, professional fees, severance and stock-based compensation charges. Although the Company did not complete any business acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019, it paid $2.3 million of restricted cash in 2019 for deferred consideration from a 2017 acquisition.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a pretax Loss from divested operations of $2.1 million, primarily due to adjustments of certain working capital balances related to divestitures that were completed in 2018. There were no divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2020.

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standards described below during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Implementation Costs in a Cloud Computing Arrangement — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU No. 2018-15"). ASU No. 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. Costs that are capitalized under ASU No. 2018-15 will be expensed over the term of the cloud computing arrangement. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-15 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-15 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurement Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU No. 2018-13"). ASU No. 2018-13, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP disclosure requirements pertaining to fair value measurements, with an emphasis on Level 3 disclosures of the valuation hierarchy. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-13 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill Impairment — In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU No. 2017-04"). ASU No. 2017-04 simplifies the determination of the amount of goodwill to be potentially charged off by eliminating Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test under current U.S. GAAP. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2017-04 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-04 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Financial Instrument Credit Losses — In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses ("ASU No. 2016-13"). ASU No. 2016-13 amends the current financial instrument impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 with no cumulative effect adjustment to the Company's opening retained earnings. The Company applied the expected credit loss model to its fees receivable balance on January 1, 2020 using a historical loss rate method. The Company’s trade receivables are collected fairly quickly and its credit losses have historically been low. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

9

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU No. 2020-04"). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate, etc.). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective in the fourth quarter of 2020

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans ("ASU No. 2018-14"). ASU No. 2018-14, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP annual disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension plans. ASU No. 2018-14 is effective for Gartner in the fourth quarter of 2020. ASU No. 2018-14 must be adopted on a retroactive basis and applied to each comparative period presented in an entity's financial statements. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-14 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statement disclosures.

Accounting standard effective in 2021

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes — In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU No. 2019-12"). ASU No. 2019-12 provides new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes in certain areas, changes the accounting for select income tax transactions and makes minor ASC improvements. ASU No. 2019-12 is effective for Gartner on January 1, 2021, including interim periods in the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The method of adoption varies depending on the component of the new rule that is being adopted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 2 — Revenue and Related Matters

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company's disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	590,156	$	5,980	$	54,163	$	650,299
Europe, Middle East and Africa	205,939		2,147		30,082		238,168
Other International	113,196		5,743		11,485		130,424
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	527,233	$	29,007	$	55,093	$	611,333
Europe, Middle East and Africa	193,955		17,197		29,934		241,086
Other International	104,186		5,728		8,111		118,025
Total revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

10

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate our revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	829,212	$	—	$	81,408	$	910,620
Transferred at a point in time (2)	80,079		13,870		14,322		108,271
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	752,798	$	—	$	78,957	$	831,755
Transferred at a point in time (2)	72,576		51,932		14,181		138,689
Total revenues	825,374		$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

(1)Research revenues were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues were recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables were provided to the customer.

Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2020 was approximately $3.1 billion. The Company expects to recognize $1,526.7 million, $1,220.0 million and $311.6 million of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2020, the year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. Our performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of our billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

11

	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,157,565	$	1,334,012
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	19,558	$	21,350
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	1,847,384	$	1,928,020
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	17,231		24,409
Total contract liabilities	$	1,864,615	$	1,952,429

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right of payment from our customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which we do not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restriction.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of our performance obligation(s).

The Company recognized revenue of $658.4 million and $650.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of (i) Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer and (ii) Conferences revenue pertaining to conferences and meetings that occurred during the reporting periods. During each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets. The Company does not typically recognize revenue from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods.

Note 3 — Computation of Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in earnings. When the impact of common share equivalents is anti-dilutive, they are excluded from the calculation.

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per common share	$	75,097	$	20,795
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	89,219		89,882
Common stock equivalents associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	847		1,122
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	90,066		91,004
Basic income per share	$	0.84	$	0.23
Diluted income per share	$	0.83	$	0.23

(1)Certain common stock equivalents were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These common share equivalents totaled 0.7 million and 0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Note 4 — Stock-Based Compensation

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The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had 4.1 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

The tables below summarize the Company's stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Award type	2020		2019
Stock appreciation rights	$	1.7	$	3.9
Restricted stock units	23.2		27.7
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Expense category line item	2020		2019
Cost of services and product development	$	12.1	$	11.3
Selling, general and administrative	13.0		20.4
Acquisition and integration charges (2)	—		0.1
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

(1) Includes charges of $11.6 million and $20.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2) Includes charges related to acquisitions and related integration efforts.

Note 5 — Segment Information

The Company's products and services are delivered through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•Conferences provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice live.

•Consulting combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

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The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are no intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources.

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891
Gross contribution	653,469		(6,060)		29,382		676,791
Corporate and other expenses							(552,073)
Operating income							$	124,718

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444
Gross contribution	575,168		18,876		28,718		622,762
Corporate and other expenses							(573,963)
Operating income							$	48,799

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Total segment gross contribution	$	676,791	$	622,762
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	(822)		(1,037)
Selling, general and administrative	496,639		518,770
Depreciation and amortization	54,696		53,458
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560		2,772
Operating income	124,718		48,799
Interest expense and other, net	(27,864)		(25,671)
Loss from divested operations	—		(2,075)
Less: Provision for income taxes	21,757		258
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company's policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee's target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

Note 6 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

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Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Evaluations of the recoverability of goodwill are performed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, which requires an annual assessment of potential goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

When performing our annual assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, we initially perform a qualitative analysis evaluating whether any events or circumstances occurred or exist that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than the related carrying amount. If we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than the related carrying amount, then no quantitative impairment test is performed. However, if the results of our qualitative assessment indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its respective carrying amount, then we perform a quantitative impairment test. Evaluating the recoverability of goodwill requires judgments and assumptions regarding future trends and events. As a result, both the precision and reliability of our estimates are subject to uncertainty.

Our most recent annual impairment test of goodwill was a qualitative analysis conducted during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that indicated no impairment. There were no events or changes in circumstances which indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the three months ended March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019 (1)	$	2,651,060	$	189,641	$	97,025	$	2,937,726
Foreign currency translation impact	(8,718)		(1,278)		(64)		(10,060)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	2,642,342	$	188,363	$	96,961	$	2,927,666

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company's finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

March 31, 2020	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2019	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Foreign currency translation impact	(36,507)		(1,171)		(175)		(72)		(37,925)
Gross cost	1,108,602		109,862		13,965		30,766		1,263,195
Accumulated amortization (1)	(299,121)		(66,478)		(12,302)		(21,144)		(399,045)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	809,481	$	43,384	$	1,663	$	9,622	$	864,150

December 31, 2019	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Accumulated amortization (1)	(283,369)		(61,564)		(11,225)		(19,875)		(376,033)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	861,740	$	49,469	$	2,915	$	10,963	$	925,087

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—4 to 13 years; Software—3 to 7 years; Content—1.5 to 4 years; and Other—2 to 11 years.

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Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $32.2 million and $33.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2020 (remaining nine months)	$	91,192
2021	102,091
2022	92,339
2023	92,323
2024	87,064
Thereafter	399,141
	$	864,150

Note 7 — Debt

2016 Credit Agreement

The Company has a credit facility that currently provides for a $1.5 billion Term loan A facility and a $1.2 billion revolving credit facility (the "2016 Credit Agreement"). The 2016 Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense coverage ratio. The Company was in full compliance with all covenants as of March 31, 2020.

The Term loan A facility is being repaid in 16 consecutive quarterly installments that commenced on June 30, 2017, plus a final payment to be made on March 20, 2022. The revolving credit facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed through March 20, 2022, at which time all then-outstanding amounts must be repaid.

Refer to Note 15 for additional information regarding the Company’s 2016 Credit Agreement.

Senior Notes

The Company has $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “Senior Notes”). The Senior Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.125% per annum. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year. The Senior Notes mature on April 1, 2025.

The Company may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at any time on or after April 1, 2020 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date.

Outstanding Borrowings

The table below summarizes the Company’s total outstanding borrowings as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

	March 31,		December 31,
Description:	2020		2019
2016 Credit Agreement - Term loan A facility (1)	$	1,225,125	$	1,252,969
2016 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	175,000		148,000
Senior Notes (3)	800,000		800,000
Other (4)	6,422		6,545
Principal amount outstanding (5)	2,206,547		2,207,514
Less: deferred financing fees (6)	(22,271)		(23,908)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,184,276	$	2,183,606

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of March 31, 2020 on the Term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility was 2.49%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 0.99% plus a margin of 1.50%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

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(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of March 31, 2020.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding. The Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.125% and mature on April 1, 2025.

(4)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $1.4 million as of March 31, 2020 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

(5)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company's outstanding debt for the three months ended March 31, 2020, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.43%.

(6)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

Interest Rate Swaps

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had four fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $1.4 billion that mature through 2025. The Company designates the swaps as accounting hedges of the forecasted interest payments on $1.4 billion of its variable-rate borrowings. The Company pays base fixed rates on these swaps ranging from 2.13% to 3.04% and in return receives a floating Eurodollar base rate on 30-day notional borrowings.

The Company accounts for its interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815. Because the swaps hedge forecasted interest payments, changes in the fair values of the swaps are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders' equity, as long as the swaps continue to be highly effective hedges of the designated interest rate risk. Any ineffective portion of a change in the fair value of a hedge is recorded in earnings. All of the Company's interest rate swaps were considered highly effective hedges of the forecasted interest payments as of both March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The interest rate swaps had negative unrealized fair values (liabilities) of $126.3 million and $64.8 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Such amounts were deferred and recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effect. See Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of Company's interest rate swaps.

Note 8 — Equity

Share Repurchase Authorization

The Company has a $1.2 billion board authorization to repurchase its common stock, of which $0.7 billion remained available as of March 31, 2020. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Number of shares repurchased (1)	417,707		212,424
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	73,164	$	44,839

(1) The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $151.22 and $140.46 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included purchases for both stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases. All of the shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to the settlement of the Company's stock-based compensation awards.

(2) The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included open market purchases with trade dates in December 2019 that settled in January 2020.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net ("AOCI/L")

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The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCI/L by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCI/L to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2019	$	(47,164)	$	(8,584)	$	(22,190)	$	(77,938)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(47,054)		—		(46,381)		(93,435)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	2,322		79		—		2,401
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(44,732)		79		(46,381)		(91,034)
Balance – March 31, 2020	$	(91,896)	$	(8,505)	$	(68,571)	$	(168,972)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2018	$	(7,770)	$	(5,738)	$	(26,359)	$	(39,867)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(12,853)		—		(7,236)		(20,089)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	(1,652)		42		—		(1,610)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(14,505)		42		(7,236)		(21,699)
Balance – March 31, 2019	$	(22,275)	$	(5,696)	$	(33,595)	$	(61,566)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)The reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net. See Note 7 — Debt and Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other expense, net. See Note 12 – Employee Benefits for information regarding the Company’s defined benefit pension plans.

Note 9 — Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was an expense of $21.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 22.5% and 1.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The quarter-over-quarter increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to the relative impact of tax benefits from stock-based compensation. These benefits, approximately $5.9 million and $7.2 million for the first three months of 2020 and 2019 respectively, had less of an impact in reducing the effective tax rate for the period in 2020 on pretax income of $96.9 million as compared to the same period in 2019 on pretax income of $21.1 million.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law in the United States. The CARES Act provides a substantial stimulus and assistance package intended to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It includes provisions for the deferral of certain taxes and the acceleration of income tax deductions for certain expenses. The Company continues to monitor and record any effects that may result from the CARES Act as well as ongoing government guidance related to COVID-19 that may be issued.

In April 2020, the Company completed an intercompany sale of certain intellectual property that it expects will have a material favorable tax impact on the Company’s second quarter 2020 financial results. The Company's intellectual property footprint continues to evolve and this may result in tax rate volatility in the future.

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The Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $103.7 million at March 31, 2020 and $102.8 million at December 31, 2019. It is reasonably possible that gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $9.9 million within the next twelve months due to the anticipated closure of audits and the expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into a limited number of derivative contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on variable-rate debt and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its outstanding derivative contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

March 31, 2020
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(126,317)	Other liabilities	$	(91,896)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	43	227,817		(559)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	47	$	1,627,817	$	(126,876)		$	(91,896)

December 31, 2019
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(64,831)	Other liabilities	$	(47,164)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	176	604,858		59		Other current assets	—
Total	180	$	2,004,858	$	(64,772)		$	(47,164)

(1)The interest rate swaps have been designated and are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the forecasted interest payments on borrowings. As a result, changes in the fair values of the swaps are deferred and recorded in AOCI/L, net of tax effect. Note 7 — Debt provides additional information regarding the Company's interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income (expense), net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at March 31, 2020 matured before April 30, 2020.

(3)See Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

At March 31, 2020, all of the Company’s derivative counterparties were investment grade financial institutions. The Company did not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and none of the derivative contracts contained credit-risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Amount recorded in:	2020		2019
Interest (income) expense, net (1)	$	3,192	$	(2,271)
Other expense, net (2)	12,599		(1,838)
Total expense (income), net	$	15,791	$	(4,109)

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(1)Consists of interest (income) expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts.

Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures

The Company’s financial instruments include cash equivalents, fees receivable from customers, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, all of which are normally short-term in nature. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of these financial instruments reasonably approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities.

The Company enters into a limited number of derivatives transactions but does not enter into repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions or master netting arrangements. Receivables or payables that result from derivatives transactions are recorded gross in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for the measurement of fair value and a valuation hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities. Classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the resulting fair value measurement. The valuation hierarchy contains three levels. Level 1 measurements consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves; and other market-corroborated inputs. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs such as internally-created valuation models. The Company does not currently utilize Level 3 valuation inputs to remeasure any of its assets or liabilities. However, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company in its required annual impairment review of goodwill. Information regarding the periodic assessment of the Company’s goodwill is included in Note 6 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The Company does not typically transfer assets or liabilities between different levels of the valuation hierarchy.

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities (in thousands).

Description	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	5,612	$	2,277
Total Level 1 inputs	5,612		2,277
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	59,948		73,419
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	140		1,558
Total Level 2 inputs	60,088		74,977
Total Assets	$	65,700	$	77,254
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	67,802	$	79,556
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	699		1,499
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	126,317		64,831
Senior Notes due 2025 (4)	788,432		835,384
Total Level 2 inputs	983,250		981,270
Total Liabilities	$	983,250	$	981,270

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

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(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 7 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

(4)As discussed in Note 7 — Debt, the Company has $800.0 million of principal amount fixed-rate Senior Notes due in 2025. The estimated fair values of the notes was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input. The carrying amounts of the Senior Notes were $785.6 million and $785.0 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

Note 12 — Employee Benefits

The Company has defined benefit pension plans at several of its international locations. Benefits earned and paid under those plans are generally based on years of service and level of employee compensation. The Company’s defined benefit pension plans are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topics 715 and 960. Net periodic pension expense was $1.1 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Note 13 — Contingencies

Legal Matters. The Company is involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We record a provision for pending litigation in our consolidated financial statements when we determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We believe that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

Indemnifications. The Company has various agreements that may obligate us to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters. Generally, these indemnification clauses are included in contracts arising in the normal course of business under which we customarily agree to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations related to matters such as title to assets sold and licensed or certain intellectual property rights. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification agreements due to the conditional nature of the Company’s obligations and the unique facts of each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by us under these agreements have not been material. As of March 31, 2020, the Company did not have any material payment obligations under any such indemnification agreements.

Note 14 — Leases

The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2020 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to five years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2020 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

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Description:	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Operating lease cost (1)	$	37,961
Variable lease cost (2)	4,403
Sublease income	(11,090)
Total lease cost, net (3)	$	31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	14,919

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.6 million of costs for subleasing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

Description:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	76,724
Operating leases - liabilities	813,883
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	$	890,607

Note 15 — Subsequent Events

On April 1, 2020, the Company drew down an additional $300 million under the revolving credit facility to increase its cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of current uncertainty in the global market.

In April 2020, the Company committed to workforce reductions and implemented an employee furlough program within the Conferences segment, affecting approximately 45% of total Conference employees (approximately 3% of total Company employees). The majority of terminations and furloughs were effective April 30, 2020. The Company expects to incur an aggregate of approximately $5 million to $6 million in costs relating to these workforce reductions. The Company expects the majority of these charges to be incurred and paid in the second quarter of 2020.

On May 6, 2020, the 2016 Credit Agreement was amended with the consent of the required lenders to, among other things,modify certain financial maintenance covenants to provide additional flexibility to Gartner through December 31, 2021. The amendment increases the maximum consolidated leverage ratio to 5.00 to 1.00 and the maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio to 3.75 to 1.00 (each as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement), in each case for fiscal quarters ending on June 30, 2020 through and including December 31, 2021. The amendment only increases the applicable margin for all outstanding Revolving Loans and Tranche A Term Loans (each as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement) to the extent the consolidated leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the Credit Agreement) exceeds 4.50 to 1.00.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The purpose of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is to facilitate an understanding of significant factors influencing the quarterly operating results, financial condition and cash flows of Gartner, Inc. Additionally, the MD&A conveys our expectations of the potential impact of known trends, events or uncertainties that may impact future results. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (the "2019 Form 10-K"). Historical results and percentage relationships are not necessarily indicative of operating results for future periods. References to “Gartner,” the "Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” in this MD&A are to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions, projections or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “should,” “could,” “believe,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or other words of similar meaning.

We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment that involves numerous risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future quarterly and annual revenues, operating income, results of operations and cash flows, as well as any forward-looking statement, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and achievements, or industry results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in our forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: uncertainty of the magnitude, duration, geographic reach and impact on the global economy of the COVID-19 pandemic; the current, and uncertain future, impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and governments’ responses to it on our business, growth, reputation, projections, prospects, financial condition, operations, cash flows, and liquidity; the adequacy or effectiveness or steps we take to respond to the crisis, including cost reduction or other mitigation programs; the timing of our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series that normally occurs during the fourth quarter, as well as our other conferences and meetings; the amount of new business generated, including from acquisitions; the mix of domestic and international business; domestic and international economic conditions; the U.K.’s exit from the European Union and its impact on our results; the impact of changes in tax policy and heightened scrutiny from various taxing authorities globally; changes in market demand for our products and services; changes in foreign currency rates; changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility (including developments and volatility arising from the COVID-19 pandemic), including interest rates and the effect on the credit markets and access to capital; the timing of the development, introduction and marketing of new products and services; competition in the industry; the payment of performance compensation; uncertainty from the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and transition to any other interest rate benchmark; and other risks and uncertainties detailed in this Form 10-Q and our most recent Form 10-K and other filings that we make with the SEC. The potential fluctuations in our operating income could cause period-to-period comparisons of operating results not to be meaningful and could provide an unreliable indication of future operating results. A description of the risk factors associated with our business is included under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A. of the 2019 Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference and "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 2A of this Form 10-Q.

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, estimates and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements, and are currently, or in the future could be, amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those listed above or described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the 2019 Form 10-K and "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 2A of this Form 10-Q. Readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date hereof, and forward-looking statements in documents attached that are incorporated by reference speak only as of the date of those documents. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.

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BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) is the world’s leading research and advisory company and a member of the S&P 500. We equip business leaders with indispensable insights, advice and tools to achieve their mission–critical priorities today and build the successful organizations of tomorrow. We believe our unmatched combination of expert-led, practitioner-sourced and data-driven research steers clients toward the right decisions on the issues that matter most. We are a trusted advisor and an objective resource for more than 15,000 enterprises in more than 100 countries — across all major functions, in every industry and enterprise size.

Our products and services are delivered through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•Conferences provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice live.

•Consulting combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

COVID-19 Impact

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported in Wuhan, China and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. The virus has since spread to nearly all regions in the world and has created significant uncertainties and disruption in the global economy. Gartner is closely monitoring the pandemic-related developments, and our highest priority is the health and safety of our associates, clients, vendors, partners, and other stakeholders. We are working closely with our clients to provide best in class COVID-19 related research to assist them in achieving their mission critical priorities.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have temporarily closed Gartner offices (including our corporate headquarters) in the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, parts of Asia and several other impacted locations and implemented significant travel restrictions. Though many of our employees continue to work remotely, these changes impact the normal operation of our business. We cannot predict when or how we will begin to lift the actions put in place as part of our business continuity plans, including work from home requirements and travel restrictions. As of the date of this filing, we do not believe our work from home protocol has affected our internal controls over financial reporting.

We have seen negative impacts to all of our segments with Conferences being the most impacted. The majority of our 2020 destination conferences and over half of our Evanta conferences have been cancelled. Most of the remaining conferences are scheduled to be held in the fourth quarter of 2020. At the date of this filing, the expected impact of the cancellations is a reduction of planned revenue and contribution margin of $214 million and $128 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020. Additionally, for any conferences that are held later in 2020, we will likely have reduced revenues relative to plan. The safety of our associates and clients remain our top priority so the conferences will be held only if we determine the relevant impacts of COVID-19 have sufficiently receded in the jurisdictions where our conferences are to be held.

In connection with the cancellation of the majority of our 2020 conferences noted above, in April 2020, we committed to workforce reductions and implemented an employee furlough program in our Conferences segment affecting approximately 45% of total Conference employees (approximately 3% of our total employees). The majority of terminations and furloughs were effective April 30, 2020. We expect to incur an aggregate of approximately $5 million to $6 million in costs relating to these workforce reductions. We expect the majority of these charges to be incurred and paid in the second quarter of 2020.

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As of March 31, 2020, we had $10 million recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the balance sheet related to cancelled conferences. We expect to recover the majority of these and potential termination costs for future conferences through either force majeure clauses in our vendor contracts or event cancellation insurance claims. For cancelled conferences, our event cancellation insurance enables us to receive an amount up to the lost contribution margin per conference. The timing of receiving the insurance claims is uncertain so we will not record any insurance claims in excess of expenses incurred until the receipt of the insurance proceeds.

Our Research segment has started to experience a slowdown as CV growth was 10.6% in the first quarter of 2020 compared to 11.7%, in the fourth quarter of 2019. CV growth slowed late in the quarter as the global virus response led to lower new business growth and lower retention rates. However, because our revenue and CV have been historically stable and predictable as a result of our subscription-based business model, we are only expecting a modest decrease in Research revenue for the remainder of the year. Slower CV growth this year however may lead to slower research revenue growth in 2021. Nonetheless, we believe that our emphasis on producing COVID-19 related research will continue to drive client engagement and satisfaction with our Research products.

Our Consulting segment was only mildly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic as many engagements could be performed by associates working remotely. Labor based consulting was performing close to plan through February but saw some weakness in March due to the pandemic as we transitioned to fulfilling engagements from a work from home environment. This weakness continued in April due to weaker demand which could continue for the remainder of 2020. Overall, we expect Consulting revenues to be lower throughout the remainder of the year, due to a slowdown in labor-based demand.

In response to the pandemic’s impacts to our business, we have implemented other actions to include significant limitations on hiring and third-party spending, reductions to discretionary spending and elimination of non-essential travel and re-prioritization of capital expenditures. To the extent the business disruption continues for an extended period, we may need to implement additional cost management actions.

We have updated our Risk Factors in Part II, Item 1A, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

BUSINESS MEASUREMENTS

We believe that the following business measurements are important performance indicators for our business segments:

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BUSINESS SEGMENT	BUSINESS MEASUREMENT
Research	Total contract value represents the value attributable to all of our subscription-related contracts. It is calculated as the annualized value of all contracts in effect at a specific point in time, without regard to the duration of the contract. Total contract value primarily includes Research deliverables for which revenue is recognized on a ratable basis, as well as other deliverables (primarily Conferences tickets) for which revenue is recognized when the deliverable is utilized. Comparing contract value year-over-year not only measures the short-term growth of our business, but also signals the long-term health of our Research subscription business since it measures revenue that is highly likely to recur over a multi-year period. Our total contract value consists of Global Technology Sales contract value, which includes sales to users and providers of technology, and Global Business Sales contract value, which includes sales to all other functional leaders.
	Client retention rate represents a measure of client satisfaction and renewed business relationships at a specific point in time. Client retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by all clients from a year ago. Client retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.
	Wallet retention rate represents a measure of the amount of contract value we have retained with clients over a twelve-month period. Wallet retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing the contract value of our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by the total contract value from a year ago, excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange. When wallet retention exceeds client retention, it is an indication of retention of higher-spending clients, or increased spending by retained clients, or both. Wallet retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.
Conferences	Number of destination conferences represents the total number of hosted destination conferences completed during the period. Single day, local meetings are excluded.
	Number of destination conferences attendees represents the total number of people who attend destination conferences. Single day, local meetings are excluded.
Consulting	Consulting backlog represents future revenue to be derived from in-process consulting and measurement engagements.
	Utilization rate represents a measure of productivity of our consultants. Utilization rates are calculated for billable headcount on a percentage basis by dividing total hours billed by total hours available to bill.
	Billing rate represents earned billable revenue divided by total billable hours.
	Average annualized revenue per billable headcount represents a measure of the revenue generating ability of an average billable consultant and is calculated periodically by multiplying the average billing rate per hour times the utilization percentage times the billable hours available for one year.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL POSITION

The fundamentals of our strategy include a focus on creating extraordinary research insight, delivering innovative and highly differentiated product offerings, building a strong sales capability, providing world class client service with a focus on client engagement and retention, and continuously improving our operational effectiveness.

We had total revenues of $1.0 billion during the first quarter of 2020, an increase of 5% compared to the first quarter of 2019. Quarter-over-quarter revenues for Research and Consulting increased by 10% and 3%, respectively, during the first quarter of 2020, while Conferences revenue declined by 73%. For a more complete discussion of our results by segment, see Segment Results below.

For the first quarter of 2020, we had net income of $75.1 million and diluted income per share of $0.83. Cash provided by operating activities was $55.7 million and $35.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of March 31, 2020, we had $227.9 million of cash and cash equivalents and $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on our revolving credit facility. For a more complete discussion of our cash flows and financial position, see the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

For information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in that report.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and that may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or its disclosures in future periods. Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides information regarding those accounting standards.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results

The table below presents an analysis of selected line items and period-over-period changes in our interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020		Three Months Ended March 31, 2019		Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Total revenues	$	1,018,891	$	970,444	$	48,447	5	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	341,278		346,645		(5,367)		(2)
Selling, general and administrative	496,639		518,770		(22,131)		(4)
Depreciation	22,517		19,775		2,742		14
Amortization of intangibles	32,179		33,683		(1,504)		(4)
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560		2,772		(1,212)		(44)
Operating income	124,718		48,799		75,919		156
Interest expense, net	(26,349)		(24,847)		1,502		6
Loss from divested operations	—		(2,075)		(2,075)		(100)
Other expense, net	(1,515)		(824)		691		84
Less: Provision for income taxes	21,757		258		21,499		8,333
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795	$	54,302	261	%

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Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2020 were $1.0 billion, an increase of $48.4 million, or 5% compared to the same period in 2019 on a reported basis and 6% excluding the foreign currency impact. Refer to the section of this MD&A below entitled “Segment Results” for a discussion of revenues and results by segment.

Cost of services and product development was $341.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020, a decrease of $5.4 million compared to the same period in 2019, or 2% on a reported basis and 1% excluding the foreign currency impact. The decrease in Cost of services and product development was primarily due to cancellations or postponements of conferences during the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in lower travel and entertainment costs during the quarter as well as the implementation of various cost cutting initiatives. These factors were partially offset by higher payroll and benefit related costs due to increased headcount. Cost of services and product development as a percent of revenues was 33% and 36% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense was $496.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020, a decrease of $22.1 million compared to the same period in 2019, or 4% on a reported basis and 3% excluding the foreign currency impact. The decrease in SG&A expense was primarily due to reduced internal meetings and travel and entertainment costs resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic which is partially offset by: (i) more payroll and related benefits costs, which were driven mostly by increased headcount; and (ii) higher facilities costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020. The overall headcount growth included quota-bearing sales associate increases in Global Technology Sales and Global Business Sales to 3,196 and 862, respectively, at March 31, 2020. On a combined basis, the total number of quota-bearing sales associates increased by 3.6% when compared to March 31, 2019. SG&A expense as a percent of revenues was 49% and 53% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Depreciation increased by 14% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. This increase was due to additional investments, including new leasehold improvements as additional office space went into service and capitalized software.

Amortization of intangibles decreased by 4% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to certain intangible assets that became fully amortized in 2019.

Acquisition and integration charges declined by $1.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. This decrease was the result of the decline in the number of acquisitions completed by the Company during fiscal years 2018 and 2019.

Operating income was $124.7 million and $48.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in operating income reflects several factors, including (i) higher revenue primarily in our research segment and (ii) reduced Cost of Services and SG&A charges, which were partially offset by higher Depreciation.

Interest expense, net increased by $1.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher weighted average annual effective rates related to the replacement of expired interest rate swaps with interest rate swaps with higher effective interest rates in late 2019.

Loss from divested operations of $2.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to adjustments of certain working capital balances resulting from the Company's 2018 business unit divestitures.

Other expense, net for the periods presented herein included the net impact of foreign currency gains and losses from our hedging activities.

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was an expense of $21.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 22.5% and 1.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The quarter-over-quarter increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to the relative impact of tax benefits from stock-based compensation. These benefits, approximately $5.9 million and $7.2 million for the first three months of 2020 and 2019 respectively, had less of an impact in reducing the effective tax rate for the period in 2020 on pretax income of $96.9 million as compared to the same period in 2019 on pretax income of $21.1 million. In April 2020, the Company completed an intercompany sale of certain intellectual property that it expects will have a material favorable tax impact on the second quarter 2020 financial results. The Company's intellectual property footprint continues to evolve and this may result in tax rate volatility in the future.

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Net income was $75.1 million and $20.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Additionally, our diluted net income per share increased by $0.60 during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. These quarter-over-quarter changes reflect an increase in our 2020 operating income, partially offset by a higher effective income tax rate in 2020 compared to 2019.

SEGMENT RESULTS

We evaluate reportable segment performance and allocate resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, SG&A expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Gross contribution margin is defined as gross contribution as a percent of revenues.

Reportable Segments

The Company’s reportable segments are as follows:

•Research provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•Conferences provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice live.

•Consulting combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

The sections below present the results of the Company's three reportable business segments.

Research

	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2020			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2019			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	909,291		$	825,374		$	83,917	10	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	653,469		$	575,168		$	78,301	14	%
Gross contribution margin	72		%	70		%	2 points		—
Business Measurements:
Global Technology Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	2,815,000		$	2,534,000		$	281,000	11	%
Client retention	82		%	82		%	—		—
Wallet retention	104		%	105		%	(1) point		—
Global Business Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	646,000		$	596,000		$	50,000	8	%
Client retention	83		%	81		%	2 points		—
Wallet retention	101		%	94		%	7 points		—

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Global Technology Sales includes sales to users and providers of technology. Global Business Sales includes sales to all other functional leaders.

(3)Contract values are on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Contract values as of March 31, 2019 have been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as 2020.

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Research revenues increased by $83.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, or 10% on a reported basis and 11% excluding the foreign currency impact. The segment gross contribution margin was 72% and 70% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in revenues during 2020 was primarily due to the same factors driving the trend in our Research contract value, which are discussed below. The improvement in margin was primarily due to headcount growing at a slower pace than the corresponding revenue and a decline in travel and entertainment expenses due to COVID-19 travel restrictions.

Total contract value increased to $3.5 billion at March 31, 2020, or 11% compared to March 31, 2019 on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Total contract value at March 31, 2020 increased by double-digits across more than half of the Company’s client sizes and nearly half of its industry segments when compared to March 31, 2019. Global Technology Sales ("GTS") contract value increased by 11% at March 31, 2020 when compared to March 31, 2019. The increase in GTS contract value was primarily due to increased spending by existing clients. Global Business Sales ("GBS") contract value increased by 8% year-over-year , primarily driven by the combined effect of improved retention and new business, with a large portion of the new business coming from newly launched products.

GTS client retention was 82% as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, while wallet retention was 104% and 105%, respectively. GBS client retention was 83% and 81% as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, while wallet retention was 101% and 94%, respectively. The increase in GBS wallet retention was largely due to increased spending by existing clients. The number of GTS client enterprises remained relatively flat when compared to prior year, while GBS client enterprises declined by 4% at March 31, 2020 when compared to March 31, 2019.

Conferences

	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2020			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2019			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	13,870		$	51,932		$	(38,062)	(73)	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	(6,060)		$	18,876		$	(24,936)	(132)	%
Gross contribution margin	(44)		%	36		%	(80) points		—
Business Measurements:
Number of destination conferences (2)	5			12			(7)		(58)	%
Number of destination conferences attendees (2)	3,364			11,530			(8,166)		(71)	%

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Single day, local meetings are excluded.

Conferences revenues decreased by $38.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, or 73% on a reported basis and excluding the foreign currency impact. Revenues from both attendees and exhibitors at our destination conferences, as well as revenues from our single day, local meetings, decreased by double-digits during the first quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. We held 5 destination conferences during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and due to the outbreak of COVID-19, we cancelled or postponed 6 destination conferences scheduled for the first quarter of 2020. As such, the number of attendees decreased 71% and the number of exhibitors decreased 79% when compared to the same period in 2019, while the average revenue per attendee and the average revenue per exhibitor decreased by 45% and 51%, respectively. The impact of COVID-19 cancellations resulted in the segment gross contribution margin declining to (44)% compared to 36% in the same period last year.

Consulting

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	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2020			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2019			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	95,730		$	93,138		$	2,592	3	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	29,382		$	28,718		$	664	2	%
Gross contribution margin	31		%	31		%	—		—
Business Measurements:
Backlog (1), (2)	$	109,800		$	108,400		$	1,400	1	%
Billable headcount	808			739			69		9	%
Consultant utilization	62		%	69		%	(7) points		—
Average annualized revenue per billable headcount (1)	$	367		$	401		$	(34)	(8)	%

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Backlog is on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Backlog as of March 31, 2019 has been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as 2020.

Consulting revenues increased 3% during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 on a reported basis and 4% excluding the foreign currency impact, with revenue improvements in labor-based core consulting and contract optimization of 3% and 1%, respectively, on a reported basis. Contract optimization revenue may vary significantly and, as such, revenues for the first quarter of 2020 may not be indicative of results for the remainder of 2020 or beyond. The segment gross contribution margin was 31% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The flat gross contribution margin during the first quarter of 2020 was primarily due to an increase in labor-based consulting and contract optimization revenue, billing rate increases, improvements in our labor-based consulting margins and benefits derived from certain cost-reduction initiatives, offset by increased personnel costs and commissions.Consultant utilization decreased by 7 points during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to a significant increase in billable headcount.

Backlog increased by $1.4 million, or 1%, from March 31, 2019 to March 31, 2020. The $109.8 million of backlog at March 31, 2020 represented approximately four months of backlog, which is in line with the Company's operational target.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We finance our operations through cash generated from our operating activities and borrowings. Note 7 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company's outstanding debt obligations. At March 31, 2020, we had $227.9 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolving credit facility under our 2016 Credit Agreement. On April 1, 2020, we drew down an additional $300 million under the revolving credit facility to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of current uncertainty in the global markets. We believe that the Company has adequate liquidity to meet its currently anticipated needs. As a cautionary measure, we have elected to suspend our share repurchase activity.

We have historically generated significant cash flows from our operating activities. Our operating cash flow has been maintained by the leverage characteristics of our subscription-based business model in our Research segment, which is our largest business segment and historically has constituted a significant portion of our total revenues. The majority of our Research customer contracts are paid in advance and, combined with a strong customer retention rate and high incremental margins, has resulted in historically strong operating cash flow. Cash flow generation has also benefited historically from our ongoing efforts to improve the operating efficiencies of our businesses as well as a focus on the optimal management of our working capital as we increase sales.

Our cash and cash equivalents are held in numerous locations throughout the world with 66% held overseas at March 31, 2020. The Company intends to reinvest substantially all of its accumulated undistributed foreign earnings, except in instances where repatriation would result in minimal additional tax. As a result of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, we believe that the income tax impact if such earnings were repatriated would be minimal.

The table below summarizes the changes in the Company’s cash balances for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020		Three Months Ended March 31, 2019		Increase (Decrease)
Cash provided by operating activities	$	55,749	$	35,596	$	20,153
Cash used in investing activities	(24,536)		(22,355)		(2,181)
Cash used in financing activities	(68,490)		(23,438)		(45,052)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(37,277)		(10,197)		(27,080)
Effects of exchange rates	(15,709)		804		(16,513)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents	280,836		158,663		122,173
Ending cash and cash equivalents	$	227,850	$	149,270	$	78,580

Operating

Cash provided by operating activities was $55.7 million and $35.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The year-over-year increase was primarily due to higher net income in the 2020 period, offset by higher bonus payments made in 2020 related to 2019.

Investing

Cash used in investing activities was $24.5 million and $22.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The cash used in both periods was primarily for capital expenditures.

Financing

Cash used in financing activities was $68.5 million and $23.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During the 2020 period, the Company used $73.2 million of cash for share repurchases. During the 2019 period, the Company borrowed $35 million, paid $18.7 million in debt principal repayments and paid $44.8 million for share repurchases.

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Debt

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $2.2 billion of principal amount of debt outstanding, of which $111.8 million is to be repaid in fiscal 2020. Note 7 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company's outstanding debt obligations. From time to time, the Company may seek to retire or repurchase its outstanding debt through various methods including open market repurchases, negotiated block transactions, or otherwise, all or some of which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 plans. Such transactions, if any, depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity and capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors, and may involve material amounts.

We have a credit facility that currently provides a $1.5 billion Term loan A facility and a $1.2 billion revolving credit facility. The 2016 Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial maintenance covenants that apply a maximum consolidated leverage ratio, a maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense ratio.

Our financial covenants as of March 31, 2020 are summarized in the table below:

			As of
Covenants* :		Maximum/Minimum*	March 31, 2020
Consolidated Leverage Ratio	<	4.50	3.07
Consolidated Secured Leverage Ratio	<	3.50	1.96
Consolidated Interest Expense Ratio	≥	3.25	7.40

*- metrics as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement

On May 6, 2020, the 2016 Credit Agreement was amended with the consent of the required lenders to, among other things, modify certain financial maintenance covenants to provide additional flexibility to Gartner through December 31, 2021. The amendment increases the maximum consolidated leverage ratio to 5.00 to 1.00 and maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio to 3.75 to 1.00 (each as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement), in each case for fiscal quarters ending on June 30, 2020 through and including December 31, 2021. The amendment only increases the applicable margin for all outstanding Revolving Loans and Tranche A Term Loans (each as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement) to the extent the consolidated leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement) exceeds 4.50 to 1.00. See Part II, Item 5 for additional information on the amendment to the 2016 Credit Agreement.

We were in full compliance with the covenants noted above as of March 31, 2020 and on the date this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed. Note 7 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company's outstanding debt obligations.

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OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Through March 31, 2020, the Company has not entered into any material off-balance sheet arrangements or transactions with unconsolidated entities or other persons.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

INTEREST RATE RISK

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had $2.2 billion in total debt principal outstanding. Note 7 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company's outstanding debt obligations.

Approximately $1.4 billion of the Company's total debt outstanding as of March 31, 2020 was based on a floating base rate of interest, which potentially exposes the Company to increases in interest rates. However, we reduce our overall exposure to interest rate increases through our interest rate swap contracts, which effectively convert the floating base interest rates on the borrowings to fixed rates. Thus, we are only exposed to base interest rate risk on floating rate borrowings in excess of any amounts that are not hedged. At March 31, 2020, the Company was effectively fully hedged against the base interest rate risk on its floating rate borrowings.

FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK

A significant portion of our revenues are typically derived from sales outside of the United States. Among the major foreign currencies in which we conduct business are the Euro, the British Pound, the Japanese Yen, the Australian dollar and the Canadian dollar. The reporting currency of our consolidated financial statements is the U.S. dollar. As the values of the foreign currencies in which we operate fluctuate over time relative to the U.S. dollar, the Company is exposed to both foreign currency translation and transaction risk.

Translation risk arises as our foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars because the functional currencies of our foreign operations are generally denominated in the local currency. Adjustments resulting from the translation of these assets and liabilities are deferred and recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity. A measure of the potential impact of foreign currency translation can be determined through a sensitivity analysis of our cash and cash equivalents. At March 31, 2020, we had $227.9 million of cash and cash equivalents, with a substantial portion denominated in foreign currencies. If the exchange rates of the foreign currencies we hold all changed in comparison to the U.S. dollar by 10%, the amount of cash and cash equivalents we would have reported on March 31, 2020 could have increased or decreased by approximately $15.0 million. The translation of our foreign currency revenues and expenses historically has not had a material impact on our consolidated earnings because movements in and among the major currencies in which we operate tend to impact our revenues and expenses fairly equally. However, our earnings could be impacted during periods of significant exchange rate volatility, or when some or all of the major currencies in which we operate move in the same direction against the U.S. dollar.

Transaction risk arises when we enter into a transaction that is denominated in a currency that may differ from the local functional currency. As these transactions are translated into the local functional currency, a gain or loss may result, which is recorded in current period earnings. We typically enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the effects of some of this foreign currency transaction risk. Our outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts as of March 31, 2020 had an immaterial net unrealized gain.

CREDIT RISK

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of short-term, highly liquid investments classified as cash equivalents, fees receivable, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts. The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts are with large investment grade commercial banks. Fees receivable balances deemed to be collectible from customers have limited concentration of credit risk due to our diverse customer base and geographic dispersion.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We have established disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. Specifically, these controls and procedures ensure that the information is accumulated and communicated to our executive management team, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management conducted an evaluation, as of March 31, 2020, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Based upon that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in alerting them in a timely manner to material Company information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Exchange Act.

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in legal and administrative proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The following represents a material change in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a material adverse impact on our operations and financial performance, as well as on the operations and financial performance of many of our customers, and the duration and extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to affect our operations, financial performance, results of operations, achievement of strategic objectives, and/or stock price remains uncertain.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a widespread health crisis that has adversely affected, and is expected to continue to adversely affect, our operations, financial performance and demand for our products and services. It has also adversely affected the operations and financial performance of many of our clients. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, and is expected to continue to result in, a substantial curtailment of business activities (including the decrease in demand for a broad variety of products and services both regionally and globally), weakened economic conditions, significant economic uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets.

The COVID-19 pandemic has subjected our operations and financial performance to a number of risks that may have a material adverse impact on our operations and financial condition, including, but not limited to those discussed below:

•Cost-saving measures by our clients, have adversely affected, and could continue to adversely affect, their ability or willingness to attend our conferences, purchase our products or engage our consultants. Such measures could also delay purchasing decisions of potential customers and lengthen payment terms in our contracts or reduce the duration of our subscription contracts and negatively impact retention rates.

•We have temporarily closed Gartner offices (including our corporate headquarters) in the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, parts of Asia and several other impacted locations and implemented travel restrictions. Though many of our employees continue to work remotely, these changes interfere with the normal operation of our business. A loss of our ability to provide on-site consulting services to our customers could delay certain consulting projects or affect prospective clients’ decisions to engage our consultants.

•We have cancelled or postponed all in-person conferences through August 2020, and we may deem it advisable to similarly cancel, postpone or otherwise alter additional conferences in the future.

•Our management is focused on mitigating the effects of COVID-19 on our business, which has required and will continue to require, a substantial investment of time and may delay other value-added services.

Additionally, we face challenges from evolving factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic that are not within our control, remain uncertain and to which we may not effectively respond. For example, our operations span numerous locations around the world, and many local governments and countries have imposed or may impose various restrictions on our employees, partners and customers’ physical movement to limit the spread of COVID-19. These restrictions are constantly changing, and we cannot predict how long and to what extent they will continue. Moreover, COVID-19 has adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our subscription-based business model (which accounts for a significant portion of our revenue) by causing clients to decrease new and renewals of subscription-based services and to request to cancel or renegotiate current subscription-based services. The effect of COVID-19 on our subscription-based model may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods.

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Further, the duration and extent of the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on our operations and financial performance depend on future developments that cannot currently be accurately predicted, such as: the severity and transmission rate of the virus; the extent and effectiveness of containment actions; the health and well-being of our workforce; the extent and duration of the effect on client spending and the impact of these and other factors on our employees, customers, partners and vendors; the impact on our liquidity; increased volatility and pricing in the capital markets; the effect of the pandemic on the credit-worthiness of our customers; global economic conditions and levels of economic growth; and the pace of recovery when the COVID-19 pandemic subsides. The occurrence or continuation of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our operations or financial performance.

The impact of COVID-19, and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming from the pandemic, may also precipitate or exacerbate other risks discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, any of which could have a material effect on us. This situation is changing rapidly and additional effects may arise that we are not presently aware of or that we currently do not consider to present significant risks to our operations. If we are not able to respond to and manage the impact of such events effectively, our business and financial condition will be negatively impacted.

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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the period covered by this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The Company has a $1.2 billion board authorization to repurchase its common stock. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company's stock-based compensation awards. The table below summarizes the repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2020 pursuant to our $1.2 billion share repurchase authorization and the settlement of stock-based compensation awards.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (#)	Average Price Paid Per Share ($)		Total Number of Shares Purchased Under Announced Programs (#)	Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)
January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2020	468	$	160.96	—	$	715,473
February 1, 2020 to February 29, 2020	405,197	152.62		226,489	681,062
March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020	12,042	103.70		—	$	681,062
Total for the quarter (1)	417,707	$	151.22	226,489

(1)The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included purchases for both the settlement of stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

On May 6, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment (the “2020 Amendment”) to its 2016 credit agreement.

The primary purpose of the 2020 Amendment was to modify certain financial maintenance covenants to provide additional flexibility to Gartner through December 31, 2021. The 2020 Amendment increases the maximum consolidated leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement) that Gartner is permitted to maintain as at the end of the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2020 through December 31, 2021 to 5.00 to 1.00. The 2020 Amendment also increases the maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement) that Gartner is permitted to maintain as at the end of the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2020 through December 31, 2021 to 3.75 to 1.00. Both the maximum consolidated leverage ratio and the consolidated secured leverage ratio are calculated as at the end of each fiscal quarter for the period of four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended.

The 2020 Amendment only increases the applicable margin for all outstanding Revolving Loans and Tranche A Term Loans (each as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement) to the extent the consolidated leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement) exceeds 4.50 to 1.00. Following the 2020 Amendment, the outstanding loans bear interest, at Gartner’s option, at either (i) the greatest of: (x) the Administrative Agent’s prime rate; (y) the rate calculated by the New York Federal Reserve Bank for federal funds transactions plus 1/2 of 1%; and (z) the eurodollar rate (adjusted for statutory reserves) plus 1%, in each case plus a margin equal to between 0.125% and 2.25%, depending on Gartner’s consolidated leverage ratio as of the end of the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended; or (ii) the eurodollar rate (adjusted for statutory reserves) plus a margin equal to between 1.125% and 3.25%, depending on Gartner’s leverage ratio as of the end of the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended.

The foregoing description of the 2020 Amendment does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the 2020 Amendment, which is attached as Exhibit 4.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

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EXHIBIT NUMBER	DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
3.1(1)	By-laws of Gartner, Inc. (January 30, 2020).
4.1*	Fourth Amendment dated as of May 6, 2020 among the Company, the Lenders party thereto and JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent.
31.1*	Certification of chief executive officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).
31.2*	Certification of chief financial officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).
32*	Certification under 18 U.S.C. 1350.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101).

*  Filed with this report.

(1) Incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 5, 2020.

Items 3 and 4 of Part II are not applicable and have been omitted.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		Gartner, Inc.
Date:	May 7, 2020	/s/ Craig W. Safian
		Craig W. Safian
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EX-4.1

Execution Version

FOURTH AMENDMENT

FOURTH AMENDMENT, dated as of May 6, 2020 (this “Agreement”), among Gartner, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Borrower”), the Lenders party hereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), which shall amend that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of June 17, 2016 (as amended by that certain First Amendment, dated as of January 20, 2017, that certain Second Amendment, dated as of March 20, 2017, and that certain Incremental Agreement, dated as of April 5, 2017, the “Credit Agreement”), by and among the Borrower, each other Loan Party thereto, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Administrative Agent”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Borrower, the Lenders and the Administrative Agent are parties to the Credit Agreement, and the Borrower has requested that the Credit Agreement be amended as set forth herein to, among other things, modify the financial covenants set forth in Section 7.1(a) and Section 7.1(b) of the Credit Agreement through December 31, 2021;

WHEREAS, as permitted by Section 10.1 of the Credit Agreement, the Required Lenders, the Required Pro-Rata Lenders and the Administrative Agent are willing to consent to the amendments to the Credit Agreement described in Section 2 below upon the terms and conditions set forth herein;

NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows:

SECTION 1.  Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement.

SECTION 2.  Amendments to Credit Agreement. Effective as of the Amendment Effective Date (as defined below), each Lender party hereto (which collectively constitute the Required Lenders and, for the purposes of clause (f) and (g) below, the Required Pro-Rata Lenders) hereby consents to amend the Credit Agreement as follows:

(a)The following definitions are hereby added to Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement in alphabetical order:

“Affected Financial Institution”: (a) any EEA Financial Institution or (b) any UK Financial Institution.

“BHC Act Affiliate”: of a party means an “affiliate’ (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k)) of such party.

“Covered Entity”: any of the following:

(i)a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b);

(ii)a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or

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(iii)a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b).

“Covered Party”: as defined in Section 10.20.

“Default Right”: as defined in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

“QFC”: the meaning assigned to the term “qualified financial contract” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(D).

“QFC Credit Support”: as defined in Section 10.20.

“Resolution Authority”: an EEA Resolution Authority or, with respect to any UK Financial Institution, a UK Resolution Authority.

“Supported QFC”: as defined in Section 10.20.

“UK Financial Institutions”: any BRRD Undertaking (as such term is defined under the PRA Rulebook (as amended form time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Prudential Regulation Authority) or any person falling within IFPRU 11.6 of the FCA Handbook (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority, which includes certain credit institutions and investment firms, and certain affiliates of such credit institutions or investment firms.

“UK Resolution Authority”: the Bank of England or any other public administrative authority having responsibility for the resolution of any UK Financial Institution.

“U.S. Special Resolution Regime”: as defined in Section 10.20.

(b)The following definitions in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement are hereby amended and restated in their entirety as follows:

“Bail-In Action”: the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an Affected Financial Institution.

“Bail-In Legislation”: (a) with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law, regulation rule or requirement for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 (as amended from time to time) and any other law, regulation or rule applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (other than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).

“EEA Financial Institution”: (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member

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Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent.

“Write-Down and Conversion Powers”: (a) with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule, and (b) with respect to the United Kingdom, any powers of the applicable Resolution Authority under the Bail-In Legislation to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of any UK Financial Institution or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers.

(c)Section 1.3 is hereby added to the Credit Agreement as follows:

           “1.3 Divisions. For all purposes under the Loan Documents, in connection with any division or plan of division under Delaware law (or any comparable event under a different jurisdiction’s laws): (a) if any asset, right, obligation or liability of any Person becomes the asset, right, obligation or liability of a different Person, then it shall be deemed to have been transferred from the original Person to the subsequent Person, and (b) if any new Person comes into existence, such new Person shall be deemed to have been organized and acquired on the first date of its existence by the holders of its equity interests at such time.”

(d)The pricing grid in clause (b) of the definition of “Applicable Margin” in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

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Level	Consolidated Leverage Ratio	Applicable Margin for Eurodollar Revolving Loans	Applicable Margin for ABR Revolving Loans	Commitment Fee Rate
I	≥ 5.00 to 1.00	3.25%	2.25%	0.50%
II	> 4.50 to 1.00 < 5.00 to 1.00	2.75%	1.75%	0.40%
III	> 4.00 to 1.00 ≤ 4.50 to 1.00	2.00%	1.00%	0.35%
IV	> 3.50 to 1.00 ≤ 4.00 to 1.00	1.75%	0.75%	0.30%
V	> 2.75 to 1.00 ≤ 3.50 to 1.00	1.50%	0.50%	0.25%
VI	> 1.75 to 1.00 ≤ 2.75 to 1.00	1.375%	0.375%	0.20%
VII	> 0.75 to 1.00 ≤ 1.75 to 1.00	1.25%	0.25%	0.175%
VIII	≤ 0.75 to 1.00	1.125%	0.125%	0.15%

(e)The pricing grid in clause (c) of the definition of “Applicable Margin” in Section 1.1 of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

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Level	Consolidated Leverage Ratio	Applicable Margin for Eurodollar Tranche A Term Loans	Applicable Margin for ABR Tranche A Term Loans
I	≥ 5.00 to 1.00	3.25%	2.25%
II	> 4.50 to 1.00 < 5.00 to 1.00	2.75%	1.75%
III	> 4.00 to 1.00 ≤ 4.50 to 1.00	2.00%	1.00%
IV	> 3.50 to 1.00 ≤ 4.00 to 1.00	1.75%	0.75%
V	> 2.75 to 1.00 ≤ 3.50 to 1.00	1.50%	0.50%
VI	> 1.75 to 1.00 ≤ 2.75 to 1.00	1.375%	0.375%
VII	> 0.75 to 1.00 ≤ 1.75 to 1.00	1.25%	0.25%
VIII	≤ 0.75 to 1.00	1.125%	0.125%

(f)Section 7.1(a)(iii) of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows: “for the fiscal quarters ending June 30, 2020 through December 31, 2021, 5.00 to 1.00, and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, as provided in clause (i) above;”.

(g)Section 7.1(b)(iii) of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows: “for the fiscal quarters ending June 30, 2020 through December 31, 2021, 3.75 to 1.00, and for each fiscal quarter thereafter, as provided in clause (i) above; or”.

(h)Section 10.19 of the Credit Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

          “10.19. Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of Affected Financial Institutions. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any Affected Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document may be subject to the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:

(a)the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an Affected Financial Institution; and

(b)the effects of any Bail-In Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:

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(i)a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;

(ii)a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such Affected Financial Institution, its parent entity, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or

(iii)the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the Write-Down and Conversion Powers of the applicable Resolution Authority.”

(i)Section 10.20 is hereby added to the Credit Agreement as follows:

“10.20. Acknowledgement Regarding Any Supported QFCs. To the extent that the Loan Documents provide support, through a guarantee or otherwise, for Swap Agreements or any other agreement or instrument that is a QFC (such support “QFC Credit Support” and each such QFC a “Supported QFC”), the parties acknowledge and agree as follows with respect to the resolution power of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (together with the regulations promulgated thereunder, the “U.S. Special Resolution Regimes”) in respect of such Supported QFC and QFC Credit Support (with the provisions below applicable notwithstanding that the Loan Documents and any Supported QFC may in fact be stated to be governed by the laws of the State of New York and/or of the United States or any other state of the United States):

In the event a Covered Entity that is party to a Supported QFC (each, a “Covered Party”) becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer of such Supported QFC and the benefit of such QFC Credit Support (and any interest and obligation in or under such Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support, and any rights in property securing such Supported QFC or such QFC Credit Support) from such Covered Party will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and such QFC Credit Support (and any such interest, obligation and rights in property) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. In the event a Covered Party or a BHC Act Affiliate of a Covered Party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under the Loan Documents that might otherwise apply to such Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support that may be exercised against such Covered Party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if the Supported QFC and the Loan Documents were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. Without limitation of the foregoing, it is understood and agreed that rights and remedies of the parties with respect to a Defaulting Lender shall in no event affect the rights of any Covered Party with respect to a Supported QFC or any QFC Credit Support.”

SECTION 3.  Conditions to Effectiveness. This Agreement shall become effective on the date on which the following conditions precedent have been satisfied or waived (the date on which such conditions shall have been so satisfied or waived, the “Amendment Effective Date”):

(a)Counterparts. The Administrative Agent (or its counsel) shall have received from the Borrower, the Administrative Agent, the Required Lenders and the Required Pro-Rata

7

Lenders either a counterpart of this Agreement signed on behalf of such party or written evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent (which may include telecopy or other electronic transmission of a signed signature page (whether signed manually or electronically) of this Agreement) that such party has signed a counterpart of this Agreement;

(b)Consent Fee. The Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent, for the account of each Lender that submits its consent hereto to the Administrative Agent prior to 3:00 p.m. New York City time on May 5, 2020, a consent fee as separately agreed and notified to the Lenders; and

(c)Fees and Expenses. The Administrative Agent shall have received on or before the Amendment Effective Date all fees required to be paid as separately agreed by the Administrative Agent.

The Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders of the Amendment Effective Date, and such notice shall be conclusive and binding.

SECTION 4.  Representations and Warranties. The Borrower hereby represents to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, as follows:

(a)After giving effect to this Amendment, each of the representations and warranties in the Credit Agreement and in the other Loan Documents are true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that such representation or warranty is already qualified as to materiality) on and as of the date hereof as though made on and as of the date hereof, except to the extent that any such representation or warranty expressly relates to an earlier date, in which case such representation or warranty shall be true and correct in all material respects (except to the extent that such representation or warranty is already qualified as to materiality) as of such earlier date; and

(b)At the time of and immediately after giving effect to this Amendment, no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.

SECTION 5.  Effect on the Loan Documents. (a) This Agreement shall not extinguish the Loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement and nothing herein contained shall be construed as a substitution or novation of the Loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement, which shall remain outstanding after the Amendment Effective Date, as modified hereby. Except as specifically amended herein, all Loan Documents shall continue to be in full force and effect and are hereby in all respects ratified and confirmed. The Borrower hereby agrees, with respect to each Loan Document to which it is a party, that (i) all of its obligations, liabilities and indebtedness under such Loan Document shall remain in full force and effect on a continuous basis after giving effect to this Agreement, and all of the Liens and security interests created and arising under such Loan Document remain in full force and effect on a continuous basis, and the perfected status and priority of each such Lien and security interest continues in full force and effect on a continuous basis, unimpaired, uninterrupted and undischarged, after giving effect to this Agreement, as collateral security for its obligations, liabilities and indebtedness under the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents.

(b)Upon the Amendment Effective Date, each reference in the Credit Agreement to “this Agreement,” “herein,” “hereto,” “hereunder,” “hereof,” or in the other Loan Documents to the “Credit Agreement”, or, in each case, words of like import shall mean and be a reference to the Credit Agreement, as amended and modified by this Agreement.

8

(c)Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, the execution, delivery and effectiveness of this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver of any right, power or remedy of any Lender or the Administrative Agent under any of the Loan Documents, nor constitute a waiver of any provision of any of the Loan Documents.

(d)The Borrower and the other parties hereto acknowledge and agree that this Agreement shall constitute a Loan Document.

SECTION 6.  Expenses. The Borrower agrees to pay or reimburse the Administrative Agent for all of its reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement, any other documents prepared in connection herewith and the transactions contemplated hereby, including, the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent, all in accordance with and subject to Section 10.5 of the Credit Agreement.

SECTION 7.  GOVERNING LAW; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUIT, ACTION, PROCEEDING, CLAIM OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY OR ON BEHALF OF ANY PARTY RELATED TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT AND FOR ANY COUNTERCLAIM THEREIN.

SECTION 8.  Amendments; Execution in Counterparts. This Agreement may not be amended nor may any provision hereof be waived except pursuant to a writing signed by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the requisite Lenders in accordance with Section 10.1 of the Credit Agreement. This Agreement may be executed by one or more of the parties to this Agreement on any number of separate counterparts, and all of said counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed signature page of this Agreement by email or facsimile transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart hereof.

[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their respective proper and duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

GARTNER, INC.

By: /s/ Craig W. Safian

Name: Craig W. Safian

Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

[Fourth Amendment – Signature Page]

Execution Version

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,

as Administrative Agent and Lender

By: /s/ Kelly Milton 

Name: Kelly Milton

Title: Executive Director

Execution Version

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.,

as Lender

By: /s/ Sean Chudzik

Name: Sean Chudzik

Title: Authorized Signatory

TD BANK, N.A.

By: /s/ Matt Waszmer

Name: Matt Waszmer

Title: Senior Vice President

[Fourth Amendment – Signature Page]

Execution Version

Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.

By: /s/ Sid Khanolkar

Name: Sid Khanolkar

Title: Director

Execution Version

U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

By: /s/ Richard J. Ameny, Jr.

Name: Richard J. Ameny, Jr.

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

Bank of America, N.A.

By: /s/ Christopher T. Phelan

Name: Christopher T. Phelan

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

CITIZENS BANK, N.A.

By: /s/ William M. Clossey

Name: William M. Clossey

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

PNC BANK, N.A.

By: /s/ Eleanor Orlando

Name: Eleanor Orlando

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

Truist Bank (Successor in merger with SunTrust)

By: /s/ Matthew J. Davis

Name: Matthew J. Davis

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

BMO HARRIS BANK, N.A.

By: /s/ Christina Boyle

Name: Christina Boyle

Title: Managing Director

Execution Version

Citibank, N.A.

By: /s/ Brian G. Williams

Name: Brian G. Williams

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

CAPITAL ONE, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

By: /s/ Alfredo Wang

Name: Alfredo Wang

Title: Duly Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

ING Capital LLC

By: /s/ Waqas Chaudhry

Name: Waqas Chaudhry

Title: Vice President

By: /s/ Shirin Fozouni

Name: Shirin Fozouni

Title: Director

Execution Version

People’s United Bank, National Association, as a Lender

By: /s/ James Riley

Name: James Riley

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

HSBC Bank USA, National Association

By: /s/ Robert J. Levins

Name: Robert J. Levins

Title: SVP Team Lead

Execution Version

STIFEL BANK & TRUST

By: /s/ Daniel P. McDonald

Name: Daniel P. McDonald

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

State Street Bank & Trust Company

By: /s/ Ben Rogers

Name: Ben Rogers

Title: Managing Director

Execution Version

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

By: /s/ Jamie Minieri

Name: Jamie Minieri

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

RAYMOND JAMES BANK, N.A.

By: /s/ Cory Castillo

Name: Cory Castillo

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

Webster Bank, N.A.

By: /s/ George G. Sims

Name: George G. Sims

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

Credit Industriel et Commercial, New York Branch

By: /s/ Eugene Kenny

Name: Eugene Kenny

Title: Vice President

By: /s/ Eric Longuet

Name: Eric Longuet

Title: Managing Director

Execution Version

BANK OF CHINA, NEW YORK BRANCH

By: /s/ Raymond Qiao

Name: Raymond Qiao

Title: Executive Vice President

Execution Version

AZB Funding 8 Limited

By: /s/ Kumiko Kawanago

Name: Kumiko Kawanago

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

ERSTE GROUP BANK AG

By: /s/ Gregory Aptman

Name: Gregory Aptman

Title: Managing Director

By: /s/ John Fay

Name: John Fay

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

By: /s/ Kevin Quan

Name: Kevin Quan

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

OCP CLO 2015-9, Ltd.

By: Onex Credit Partners, LLC,

As Portfolio Manager

By: /s/ Paul Travers

Name: Paul Travers

Title: Portfolio Manager

Execution Version

Apollo AF Loan Trust 2012

By: Aflac Asset Management LLC

As Investment Adviser for Apollo AF Loan Trust 2012

By: /s/ Bradley E. Dyslin

Name: Bradley E. Dyslin

Title: Senior Managing Director

Execution Version

Citizens First Bank

By: /s/ Josh Biller

Name: Josh Biller

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Fund

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

PT Bank Negara Indonesia

(Persero), Tbk

New York Agency

As a Term A Lender

By: /s/ Jerry Phillips

Name: Jerry Phillips

Title: Relationship Manager

By: /s/ Aidil Azhar

Name: Aidil Azhar

Title: General Manager

Execution Version

California Street CLO XII, Ltd.

By: Symphony Asset Management LLC

By: /s/ Judith MacDonald

Name: Judith MacDonald

Title: General Counsel/Authorized Signature

Execution Version

THE GOVERNOR AND COMPANY OF THE BANK

OF IRELAND, as Lender

By: /s/ Ford Young

Name: Ford Young

Title: Authorized Signatory

By: /s/ Keith Hughes

Name: Keith Hughes

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

OCP CLO 2015-10, Ltd.

By: Onex Credit Partners, LLC,

As Portfolio Manager

By: /s/ Paul Travers

Name: Paul Travers

Title: Portfolio Manager

Execution Version

OCP CLO 2015-8, Ltd.

By: Onex Credit Partners, LLC,

As Portfolio Manager

By: /s/ Paul Travers

Name: Paul Travers

Title: Portfolio Manager

Execution Version

TriState Capital Bank

By: /s/ Ellen Frank

Name: Ellen Frank

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

Octagon Delaware Trust 2011

By: Aflac Asset Management LLC

As Investment Adviser for Octagon Delaware Trust 2011

By: /s/ Bradley E. Dyslin

Name: Bradley E. Dyslin

Title: Senior Managing Director

Execution Version

55 Loan Strategy Fun Series 2 A Series Trust of

Multi Manager Global Investment TrustBy: BlackRock Financial Management Inc., Its

Investment Manager

By: /s/ Gina Forziati

Name: Gina Forziati

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

OFSI Fund VII, Ltd.

By: OFS Capital Management, LLC

Its: Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Joseph DeSapri

Name: Joseph DeSapri

Title: Director

Execution Version

Symphony CLO XIV, Ltd

By: Symphony Asset Management LLC

By: /s/ Judith MacDonald

Name: Judith MacDonald

Title: General Counsel/Authorized Signature

Execution Version

Cathay Bank

By: /s/ Dean Kawai

Name: Dean Kawai

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

Liberty Bank

By: /s/ Donald Peruta

Name: Donald Peruta

Title: Senior Vice President

Execution Version

GLG Ore Hill CLO 2013-1, LTD.

By: /s/ Jonathan Newman

Name: Jonathan Newman

Title: Asset Manager

Execution Version

AIB Debt Management, Limited

As Lender

By: /s/ Ellen Kenneally

Name: Ellen Kenneally

Title: Investment Advisor to AIB Debt Management, Limited

By: /s/ Joan Chen

Name: Joan Chen

Title: Investment Advisor to AIB Debt Management, Limited

Execution Version

BANNER BANK

By: /s/ Thomas Marks

Name: Thomas Marks

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

Camden National Bank, as a Lender

By: /s/ Nathan Williams

Name: Nathan Williams

Title: Vice President

Execution Version

Canyon Capital CLO 2014-1, Ltd.

By: Canyon Capital Advisors LLC, its Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Jonathan M. Kaplan

Name: Jonathan M. Kaplan

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

Elevation CLO 2015-4, Ltd.

Elevation CLO 2020-12, Ltd.

By: /s/ Sanjai Bhonsle

Name: Sanjai Bhonsle

Title: Partner, Portfolio Manager

Execution Version

NJP Loan Fund 2016 A Series Trust of Multi

Manager Global Investment Trust

By: NEUBERGER BERMAN INVESTMENT

ADVISERS LLC, as Investment Manager

By: /s/ Colin Donlan

Name: Colin Donlan

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

Silvermore CLO, LTD.

By: /s/ Jonathan Newman

Name: Jonathan Newman

Title: Asset Manager

Execution Version

Brookside Mill CLO Ltd.

By: Shenkman Capital Management, Inc.

As Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Dov Braun

Name: Dov Braun

Title: Chief Financial Officer

Execution Version

NF Loan Trust 2016

Neuberger Berman Investment Advisers LLC

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Colin Donlan

Name: Colin Donlan

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

55 Loan Strategy Fund Series 4 a Series Trust of

Multi Manager Global Investment Trust

By: BlackRock Financial Management Inc.,

Its Investment Manager

By: /s/ Gina Forziati

Name: Gina Forziati

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

MP CLO IV, Ltd.

By: MP CLO Management LLC, its Manager

By: /s/ Thomas Shandell

Name: Thomas Shandell

Title: Chief Executive Officer

Execution Version

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2013-1 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2013-2 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2014-1 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2014-3 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2015-1 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2015-2 Ltd.

Halcyon Loan Advisors Funding 2015-3 Ltd.

By: /s/ John Freese

Name: John Freese

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

55 Loan Strategy Fund Series 3 A Series Trust of

Multi Manager Global Investment Trust

By: BlackRock Financial Management Inc.,

Its Investment Manager

By: /s/ Gina Forziati

Name: Gina Forziati

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

VOYA Investors Trust – VY T. Rowe Price Capital

Appreciation Portfolio

By: T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. as investment advisor

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

AXA China Region Leveraged Loans Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

AXA Germany Leveraged Loans Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

AXA Ireland Leveraged Loans Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

AXA UK Leveraged Loans Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

Columbus Diversified Leveraged Loans Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

Columbus Global Debt Fund

By: /s/ Vera L. Fernholz

Name: Vera L. Fernholz

57

Title: Senior Credit Analyst

Execution Version

Avery Point III CLO, Limited

By: Bain Capital Credit, LP, as Portfolio Manager

By: /s/ Andrew Viens

Name: Andrew Viens

Title: Managing Director

Execution Version

Penn Series Funds, Inc. – Flexibly Managed Fund

By: T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. as investment advisor

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

JNL/T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Fund

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

Chubb Tempest Reinsurance Ltd

By: KKR FI Advisors LLC

By: /s/ Jeffrey Smith

Name: Jeffrey Smith

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

Romark WM-R Ltd

By: Romark CLO Advisors LLC

As Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Dov Braun

Name: Dov Braun

Title: Chief Financial Officer

Execution Version

Invesco Floating Rate Fund

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Sub-Adviser

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

John Hancock Funds II – Capital Appreciation Value Fund

By: T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

As Investment Sub-Advisor

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

AZL T. Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Fund

By: T. Rowe Price Trust Company,

As Investment Sub-Advisor

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

Diversified Credit Portfolio Ltd.

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Investment Advisor

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Limerock CLO III, Ltd.

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Chubb Bermuda Insurance Ltd

By: /s/ Jeffrey Smith

Name: Jeffrey Smith

Title: Authorized Signatory

Execution Version

INVESCO SSL FUND LLC

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Upland CLO, Ltd.

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Collateral Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

T.Rowe Price Capital Appreciation Trust

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

John Hancock Variable Insurance Trust – Capital Appreciation Value Trust

By: T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

As Investment Sub-Advisor

By: /s/ Rebecca Willey

Name: Rebecca Willey

Title: Bank Loan Trader

Execution Version

The City of New York Group Trust

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

BOC Pension Investment Fund

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Attorney in Fact

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Sentry Insurance a Mutual Company

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Sub-Advisor

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Kaiser Permanente Group Trust

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

AMADABLUM US Leveraged Loan Fund a Series

Trust of Global Multi Portfolio Investment Trust

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Invesco Polaris US Bank Loan Fund

By: Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc.

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

Execution Version

Invesco BL Fund, Ltd.

By: Invesco Management S.A.

As Investment Manager

By: /s/ Kevin Egan

Name: Kevin Egan

Title: Authorized Individual

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Eugene A. Hall, certify that:

(1)I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, of Gartner, Inc.;

(2)Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

(4)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Eugene A. Hall

Eugene A. Hall

Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 7, 2020

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Craig W. Safian, certify that:

(1)I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, of Gartner, Inc.;

(2)Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

(3)Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

(4)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5)The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Craig W. Safian

Craig W. Safian

Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 7, 2020

EX-32

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Gartner, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Eugene A. Hall, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Craig W. Safian, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Eugene A. Hall

Name: Eugene A. Hall

Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 7, 2020

/s/ Craig W. Safian

Name: Craig W. Safian

Title:   Chief Financial Officer

Date: May 7, 2020

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Business and Basis of Presentation (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Segments

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for our segments are discussed in Note 5 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2020 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between our estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported in Wuhan, China and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. Any future asset impairment charges, increase in allowance for doubtful accounts, or restructuring charges could be more likely if the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue and will be dependent on the severity and duration of this crisis. To date, the Company has not observed any material impairments of its assets or a significant change in the fair value of assets due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

Acquisitions

Acquisition and divestiture activities. The Company recognized $1.6 million and $2.8 million of Acquisition and integration charges during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Acquisition and integration charges reflect additional costs and expenses resulting from our acquisitions and include, among other items, professional fees, severance and stock-based compensation charges. Although the Company did not complete any business acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019, it paid $2.3 million of restricted cash in 2019 for deferred consideration from a 2017 acquisition.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a pretax Loss from divested operations of $2.1 million, primarily due to adjustments of certain working capital balances related to divestitures that were completed in 2018. There were no divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2020.

Divestitures

Acquisition and divestiture activities. The Company recognized $1.6 million and $2.8 million of Acquisition and integration charges during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Acquisition and integration charges reflect additional costs and expenses resulting from our acquisitions and include, among other items, professional fees, severance and stock-based compensation charges. Although the Company did not complete any business acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019, it paid $2.3 million of restricted cash in 2019 for deferred consideration from a 2017 acquisition.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a pretax Loss from divested operations of $2.1 million, primarily due to adjustments of certain working capital balances related to divestitures that were completed in 2018. There were no divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2020.

Adoption of new accounting standards

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standards described below during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Implementation Costs in a Cloud Computing Arrangement — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU No. 2018-15"). ASU No. 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. Costs that are capitalized under ASU No. 2018-15 will be expensed over the term of the cloud computing arrangement. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-15 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-15 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurement Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU No. 2018-13"). ASU No. 2018-13, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP disclosure requirements pertaining to fair value measurements, with an emphasis on Level 3 disclosures of the valuation hierarchy. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-13 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill Impairment — In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU No. 2017-04"). ASU No. 2017-04 simplifies the determination of the amount of goodwill to be potentially charged off by eliminating Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test under current U.S. GAAP. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2017-04 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-04 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Financial Instrument Credit Losses — In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses ("ASU No. 2016-13"). ASU No. 2016-13 amends the current financial instrument impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 with no cumulative effect adjustment to the Company's opening retained earnings. The Company applied the expected credit loss model to its fees receivable balance on January 1, 2020 using a historical loss rate method. The Company’s trade receivables are collected fairly quickly and its credit losses have historically been low. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU No. 2020-04"). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate, etc.). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective in the fourth quarter of 2020

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans ("ASU No. 2018-14"). ASU No. 2018-14, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP annual disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension plans. ASU No. 2018-14 is effective for Gartner in the fourth quarter of 2020. ASU No. 2018-14 must be adopted on a retroactive basis and applied to each comparative period presented in an entity's financial statements. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-14 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statement disclosures.

Accounting standard effective in 2021

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes — In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU No. 2019-12"). ASU No. 2019-12 provides new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes in certain areas, changes the accounting for select income tax transactions and makes minor ASC improvements. ASU No. 2019-12 is effective for Gartner on January 1, 2021, including interim periods in the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The method of adoption varies depending on the component of the new rule that is being adopted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements.

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Segment Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of segment reporting information, by segment

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891
Gross contribution	653,469		(6,060)		29,382		676,791
Corporate and other expenses							(552,073)
Operating income							$	124,718

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444
Gross contribution	575,168		18,876		28,718		622,762
Corporate and other expenses							(573,963)
Operating income							$	48,799

Schedule of reconciliation of segment gross contribution to net income (loss)

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Total segment gross contribution	$	676,791	$	622,762
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	(822)		(1,037)
Selling, general and administrative	496,639		518,770
Depreciation and amortization	54,696		53,458
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560		2,772
Operating income	124,718		48,799
Interest expense and other, net	(27,864)		(25,671)
Loss from divested operations	—		(2,075)
Less: Provision for income taxes	21,757		258
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company's policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee's target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

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Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Leases [Abstract]
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$ 76,724
Operating leases - liabilities	813,883	$ 832,533
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	$ 890,607

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Carrying Amounts of Amortizable Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance	$ 1,301,120
Foreign currency translation impact	(37,925)
Gross cost, ending balance	1,263,195
Accumulated amortization	(399,045)		$ (376,033)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	864,150		925,087
Amortization of intangibles	32,179	$ 33,683
Customer Relationships
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance	1,145,109
Foreign currency translation impact	(36,507)
Gross cost, ending balance	1,108,602
Accumulated amortization	(299,121)		(283,369)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 809,481		861,740
Customer Relationships | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	4 years
Customer Relationships | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	13 years
Software
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance	$ 111,033
Foreign currency translation impact	(1,171)
Gross cost, ending balance	109,862
Accumulated amortization	(66,478)		(61,564)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 43,384		49,469
Software | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	3 years
Software | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	7 years
Content
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance	$ 14,140
Foreign currency translation impact	(175)
Gross cost, ending balance	13,965
Accumulated amortization	(12,302)		(11,225)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 1,663		2,915
Content | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	1 year 6 months
Content | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	4 years
Other
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Gross cost, beginning balance	$ 30,838
Foreign currency translation impact	(72)
Gross cost, ending balance	30,766
Accumulated amortization	(21,144)		(19,875)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 9,622		$ 10,963
Other | Minimum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	2 years
Other | Maximum
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]
Finite-lived intangible assets useful life	11 years

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock-based Compensation Expense by Award Type and Expense Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	$ 25.1	$ 31.8
Cost of services and product development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	12.1	11.3
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	13.0	20.4
Acquisition and integration charges
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	0.0	0.1
Stock appreciation rights
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	1.7	3.9
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	23.2	27.7
Common stock equivalents
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	0.2	0.2
Retirement eligible employees equity award
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense (credit)	$ 11.6	$ 20.9

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Equity - Changes in AOCI/L by Component (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 938,593	$ 850,757
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(93,435)	(20,089)
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	2,401	(1,610)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(91,034)	(21,699)
Ending balance	890,275	856,897
Interest Rate Swaps
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(47,164)	(7,770)
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(47,054)	(12,853)
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	2,322	(1,652)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(44,732)	(14,505)
Ending balance	(91,896)	(22,275)
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(8,584)	(5,738)
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	0	0
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	79	42
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	79	42
Ending balance	(8,505)	(5,696)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(22,190)	(26,359)
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(46,381)	(7,236)
Reclassifications from AOCL/I to income	0	0
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(46,381)	(7,236)
Ending balance	(68,571)	(33,595)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	(77,938)	(39,867)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(91,034)	(21,699)
Ending balance	$ (168,972)	$ (61,566)

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Fair Value Disclosures - Assets And Liabilities Measured At Fair Value On Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$ 65,700,000	$ 77,254,000
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	983,250,000	981,270,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	5,612,000	2,277,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	60,088,000	74,977,000
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	983,250,000	981,270,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Foreign currency forward contracts
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	140,000	1,558,000
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	699,000	1,499,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Interest rate swap contracts
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	126,317,000	64,831,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Deferred compensation plan assets
Assets:
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	59,948,000	73,419,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Deferred compensation plan liabilities
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	67,802,000	79,556,000
Senior Notes
Liabilities:
Aggregate principal amount	800,000,000.0
Long-term debt carrying amount	785,600,000	785,000,000.0
Senior Notes | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 | Debt
Liabilities:
Liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$ 788,432,000	$ 835,384,000

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Revenue and Related Matters - Timing Of Revenue Recognition Liabilities per Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 1,018,891	$ 970,444
Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	910,620	831,755
Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	108,271	138,689
Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	909,291	825,374
Research | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	829,212	752,798
Research | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	80,079	72,576
Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	13,870	51,932
Conferences | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	0	0
Conferences | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	13,870	51,932
Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	95,730	93,138
Consulting | Transferred over time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	81,408	78,957
Consulting | Transferred at a point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 14,322	$ 14,181

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Fair Value Disclosures (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of assets and liabilities that are remeasured to fair value

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities (in thousands).

Description	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	5,612	$	2,277
Total Level 1 inputs	5,612		2,277
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	59,948		73,419
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	140		1,558
Total Level 2 inputs	60,088		74,977
Total Assets	$	65,700	$	77,254
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	67,802	$	79,556
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	699		1,499
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	126,317		64,831
Senior Notes due 2025 (4)	788,432		835,384
Total Level 2 inputs	983,250		981,270
Total Liabilities	$	983,250	$	981,270

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 7 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

(4)As discussed in Note 7 — Debt, the Company has $800.0 million of principal amount fixed-rate Senior Notes due in 2025. The estimated fair values of the notes was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input. The carrying amounts of the Senior Notes were $785.6 million and $785.0 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

XML

Cover Page - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	May 01, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2020
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-14443
Entity Registrant Name	Gartner, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	04-3099750
Entity Address, Address Line One	P.O. Box 10212
Entity Address, Address Line Two	56 Top Gallant Road
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	06902-7700
Entity Address, City or Town	Stamford,
Entity Address, State or Province	CT
City Area Code	203
Local Phone Number	316-1111
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.0005 par value per share
Trading Symbol	IT
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		89,175,114
Entity Central Index Key	0000749251
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had 4.1 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

The tables below summarize the Company's stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Award type	2020		2019
Stock appreciation rights	$	1.7	$	3.9
Restricted stock units	23.2		27.7
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Expense category line item	2020		2019
Cost of services and product development	$	12.1	$	11.3
Selling, general and administrative	13.0		20.4
Acquisition and integration charges (2)	—		0.1
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

(1) Includes charges of $11.6 million and $20.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2) Includes charges related to acquisitions and related integration efforts.

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Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Equity

Equity

Share Repurchase Authorization

The Company has a $1.2 billion board authorization to repurchase its common stock, of which $0.7 billion remained available as of March 31, 2020. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Number of shares repurchased (1)	417,707		212,424
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	73,164	$	44,839

(1) The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $151.22 and $140.46 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included purchases for both stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases. All of the shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to the settlement of the Company's stock-based compensation awards.

(2) The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included open market purchases with trade dates in December 2019 that settled in January 2020.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net ("AOCI/L")

The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCI/L by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCI/L to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2019	$	(47,164)	$	(8,584)	$	(22,190)	$	(77,938)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(47,054)		—		(46,381)		(93,435)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	2,322		79		—		2,401
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(44,732)		79		(46,381)		(91,034)
Balance – March 31, 2020	$	(91,896)	$	(8,505)	$	(68,571)	$	(168,972)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2018	$	(7,770)	$	(5,738)	$	(26,359)	$	(39,867)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(12,853)		—		(7,236)		(20,089)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	(1,652)		42		—		(1,610)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(14,505)		42		(7,236)		(21,699)
Balance – March 31, 2019	$	(22,275)	$	(5,696)	$	(33,595)	$	(61,566)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)The reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net. See Note 7 — Debt and Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other expense, net. See Note 12 – Employee Benefits for information regarding the Company’s defined benefit pension plans.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 75,097	$ 20,795
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(46,381)	(7,236)
Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	(44,732)	(14,505)
Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	79	42
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(91,034)	(21,699)
Comprehensive loss	$ (15,937)	$ (904)

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Revenue and Related Matters

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue and Related Matters

Revenue and Related Matters

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company's disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	590,156	$	5,980	$	54,163	$	650,299
Europe, Middle East and Africa	205,939		2,147		30,082		238,168
Other International	113,196		5,743		11,485		130,424
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	527,233	$	29,007	$	55,093	$	611,333
Europe, Middle East and Africa	193,955		17,197		29,934		241,086
Other International	104,186		5,728		8,111		118,025
Total revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate our revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	829,212	$	—	$	81,408	$	910,620
Transferred at a point in time (2)	80,079		13,870		14,322		108,271
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	752,798	$	—	$	78,957	$	831,755
Transferred at a point in time (2)	72,576		51,932		14,181		138,689
Total revenues	825,374		$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

(1)Research revenues were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues were recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables were provided to the customer.

Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2020 was approximately $3.1 billion. The Company expects to recognize $1,526.7 million, $1,220.0 million and $311.6 million of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2020, the year ending December 31, 2021 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. Our performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of our billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,157,565	$	1,334,012
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	19,558	$	21,350
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	1,847,384	$	1,928,020
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	17,231		24,409
Total contract liabilities	$	1,864,615	$	1,952,429

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right of payment from our customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which we do not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restriction.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of our performance obligation(s).

The Company recognized revenue of $658.4 million and $650.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of (i) Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer and (ii) Conferences revenue pertaining to conferences and meetings that occurred during the reporting periods. During each of the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets. The Company does not typically recognize revenue from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods.

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Employee Benefits	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employee Benefits	Employee BenefitsThe Company has defined benefit pension plans at several of its international locations. Benefits earned and paid under those plans are generally based on years of service and level of employee compensation. The Company’s defined benefit pension plans are accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topics 715 and 960. Net periodic pension expense was $1.1 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Equity - Share Repurchase Program and Share Repurchase Activity (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount	$ 1,200,000,000
Stock repurchase program, remaining authorized repurchase amount	$ 700,000,000
Number of shares repurchased (in shares)	417,707	212,424
Cash paid for repurchased shares	$ 73,164,000	$ 44,839,000
Treasury stock, average price paid per share (in dollars per share)	$ 151.22	$ 140.46

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Derivatives and Hedging - Amounts Recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for Derivative Contracts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense (income), net	$ 15,791	$ (4,109)
Interest (income) expense, net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense (income), net	3,192	(2,271)
Other expense (income), net
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Total expense (income), net	$ 12,599	$ (1,838)

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Revenue and Related Matters - Revenue Remaining Performance Obligation (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 3,100.0
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-04-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 1,526.7
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction	9 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 1,220.0
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-01-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Remaining performance obligation, amount	$ 311.6
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction

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Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Lease costs

The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

Description:	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Operating lease cost (1)	$	37,961
Variable lease cost (2)	4,403
Sublease income	(11,090)
Total lease cost, net (3)	$	31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	14,919

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.6 million of costs for subleasing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Supplemental balance sheet information

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

Description:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	76,724
Operating leases - liabilities	813,883
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	$	890,607

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Business and Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Business and Basis of Presentation

Business and Basis of Presentation

Business. Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) is the world’s leading research and advisory company and a member of the S&P 500. We equip business leaders with indispensable insights, advice and tools to achieve their mission–critical priorities today and build the successful organizations of tomorrow. We believe our unmatched combination of expert-led, practitioner-sourced and data-driven research steers clients toward the right decisions on the issues that matter most. We are a trusted advisor and an objective resource for more than 15,000 enterprises in more than 100 countries — across all major functions, in every industry and enterprise size.

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through three business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for our segments are discussed in Note 5 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2020 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of 2020 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim condensed consolidated financial statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between our estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported in Wuhan, China and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. Any future asset impairment charges, increase in allowance for doubtful accounts, or restructuring charges could be more likely if the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue and will be dependent on the severity and duration of this crisis. To date, the Company has not observed any material impairments of its assets or a significant change in the fair value of assets due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Note 2 — Revenue and Related Matters provides additional information regarding the Company's revenues.

Acquisition and divestiture activities. The Company recognized $1.6 million and $2.8 million of Acquisition and integration charges during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Acquisition and integration charges reflect additional costs and expenses resulting from our acquisitions and include, among other items, professional fees, severance and stock-based compensation charges. Although the Company did not complete any business acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2020 or 2019, it paid $2.3 million of restricted cash in 2019 for deferred consideration from a 2017 acquisition.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a pretax Loss from divested operations of $2.1 million, primarily due to adjustments of certain working capital balances related to divestitures that were completed in 2018. There were no divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2020.

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standards described below during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Implementation Costs in a Cloud Computing Arrangement — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU No. 2018-15"). ASU No. 2018-15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. Costs that are capitalized under ASU No. 2018-15 will be expensed over the term of the cloud computing arrangement. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-15 on January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-15 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value Measurement Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU No. 2018-13"). ASU No. 2018-13, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP disclosure requirements pertaining to fair value measurements, with an emphasis on Level 3 disclosures of the valuation hierarchy. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2018-13 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill Impairment — In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU No. 2017-04"). ASU No. 2017-04 simplifies the determination of the amount of goodwill to be potentially charged off by eliminating Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test under current U.S. GAAP. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2017-04 on January 1, 2020. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-04 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Financial Instrument Credit Losses — In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses ("ASU No. 2016-13"). ASU No. 2016-13 amends the current financial instrument impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 with no cumulative effect adjustment to the Company's opening retained earnings. The Company applied the expected credit loss model to its fees receivable balance on January 1, 2020 using a historical loss rate method. The Company’s trade receivables are collected fairly quickly and its credit losses have historically been low. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting ("ASU No. 2020-04"). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate, etc.). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective in the fourth quarter of 2020

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosures — In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans ("ASU No. 2018-14"). ASU No. 2018-14, which is part of the FASB's broader disclosure framework project, modifies and supplements the current U.S. GAAP annual disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension plans. ASU No. 2018-14 is effective for Gartner in the fourth quarter of 2020. ASU No. 2018-14 must be adopted on a retroactive basis and applied to each comparative period presented in an entity's financial statements. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-14 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial statement disclosures.

Accounting standard effective in 2021

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes — In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU No. 2019-12"). ASU No. 2019-12 provides new guidance to simplify the accounting for income taxes in certain areas, changes the accounting for select income tax transactions and makes minor ASC improvements. ASU No. 2019-12 is effective for Gartner on January 1, 2021, including interim periods in the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The method of adoption varies depending on the component of the new rule that is being adopted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements.

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Fair Value Disclosures

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Disclosures

Fair Value Disclosures

The Company’s financial instruments include cash equivalents, fees receivable from customers, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, all of which are normally short-term in nature. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of these financial instruments reasonably approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings under the 2016 Credit Agreement. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities.

The Company enters into a limited number of derivatives transactions but does not enter into repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions or master netting arrangements. Receivables or payables that result from derivatives transactions are recorded gross in the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for the measurement of fair value and a valuation hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities. Classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the resulting fair value measurement. The valuation hierarchy contains three levels. Level 1 measurements consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves; and other market-corroborated inputs. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs such as internally-created valuation models. The Company does not currently utilize Level 3 valuation inputs to remeasure any of its assets or liabilities. However, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company in its required annual impairment review of goodwill. Information regarding the periodic assessment of the Company’s goodwill is included in Note 6 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The Company does not typically transfer assets or liabilities between different levels of the valuation hierarchy.

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities (in thousands).

Description	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	5,612	$	2,277
Total Level 1 inputs	5,612		2,277
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	59,948		73,419
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	140		1,558
Total Level 2 inputs	60,088		74,977
Total Assets	$	65,700	$	77,254
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	67,802	$	79,556
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	699		1,499
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	126,317		64,831
Senior Notes due 2025 (4)	788,432		835,384
Total Level 2 inputs	983,250		981,270
Total Liabilities	$	983,250	$	981,270

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 7 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

(4)As discussed in Note 7 — Debt, the Company has $800.0 million of principal amount fixed-rate Senior Notes due in 2025. The estimated fair values of the notes was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input. The carrying amounts of the Senior Notes were $785.6 million and $785.0 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

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Computation of Earnings Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Earnings Per Share

Computation of Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in earnings. When the impact of common share equivalents is anti-dilutive, they are excluded from the calculation.

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per common share	$	75,097	$	20,795
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	89,219		89,882
Common stock equivalents associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	847		1,122
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	90,066		91,004
Basic income per share	$	0.84	$	0.23
Diluted income per share	$	0.83	$	0.23

(1)Certain common stock equivalents were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These common share equivalents totaled 0.7 million and 0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Debt

2016 Credit Agreement

The Company has a credit facility that currently provides for a $1.5 billion Term loan A facility and a $1.2 billion revolving credit facility (the "2016 Credit Agreement"). The 2016 Credit Agreement contains certain customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense coverage ratio. The Company was in full compliance with all covenants as of March 31, 2020.

The Term loan A facility is being repaid in 16 consecutive quarterly installments that commenced on June 30, 2017, plus a final payment to be made on March 20, 2022. The revolving credit facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed through March 20, 2022, at which time all then-outstanding amounts must be repaid.

Refer to Note 15 for additional information regarding the Company’s 2016 Credit Agreement.

Senior Notes

The Company has $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.125% Senior Notes due 2025 (the “Senior Notes”). The Senior Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.125% per annum. Interest on the Senior Notes is payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year. The Senior Notes mature on April 1, 2025.

The Company may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at any time on or after April 1, 2020 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date.

Outstanding Borrowings

The table below summarizes the Company’s total outstanding borrowings as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

	March 31,		December 31,
Description:	2020		2019
2016 Credit Agreement - Term loan A facility (1)	$	1,225,125	$	1,252,969
2016 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	175,000		148,000
Senior Notes (3)	800,000		800,000
Other (4)	6,422		6,545
Principal amount outstanding (5)	2,206,547		2,207,514
Less: deferred financing fees (6)	(22,271)		(23,908)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,184,276	$	2,183,606

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of March 31, 2020 on the Term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility was 2.49%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 0.99% plus a margin of 1.50%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of March 31, 2020.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding. The Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.125% and mature on April 1, 2025.

(4)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $1.4 million as of March 31, 2020 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

(5)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company's outstanding debt for the three months ended March 31, 2020, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.43%.

(6)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

Interest Rate Swaps

As of March 31, 2020, the Company had four fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $1.4 billion that mature through 2025. The Company designates the swaps as accounting hedges of the forecasted interest payments on $1.4 billion of its variable-rate borrowings. The Company pays base fixed rates on these swaps ranging from 2.13% to 3.04% and in return receives a floating Eurodollar base rate on 30-day notional borrowings.

The Company accounts for its interest rate swap contracts as cash flow hedges in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815. Because the swaps hedge forecasted interest payments, changes in the fair values of the swaps are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders' equity, as long as the swaps continue to be highly effective hedges of the designated interest rate risk. Any ineffective portion of a change in the fair value of a hedge is recorded in earnings. All of the Company's interest rate swaps were considered highly effective hedges of the forecasted interest payments as of both March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The interest rate swaps had negative unrealized fair values (liabilities) of $126.3 million and $64.8 million as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Such amounts were deferred and recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effect. See Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of Company's interest rate swaps.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 1,018,891	$ 970,444
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	341,278	346,645
Selling, general and administrative	496,639	518,770
Depreciation	22,517	19,775
Amortization of intangibles	32,179	33,683
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560	2,772
Total costs and expenses	894,173	921,645
Operating income	124,718	48,799
Interest expense, net	(26,349)	(24,847)
Loss from divested operations	0	(2,075)
Other expense, net	(1,515)	(824)
Income before income taxes	96,854	21,053
Provision for income taxes	21,757	258
Net income	$ 75,097	$ 20,795
Net income per share:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.84	$ 0.23
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.83	$ 0.23
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	89,219	89,882
Diluted (in shares)	90,066	91,004
Research
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 909,291	$ 825,374
Conferences
Revenues:
Total revenues	13,870	51,932
Consulting
Revenues:
Total revenues	$ 95,730	$ 93,138

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Subsequent Event

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Event

Subsequent Events

On April 1, 2020, the Company drew down an additional $300 million under the revolving credit facility to increase its cash position and preserve financial flexibility in light of current uncertainty in the global market.

In April 2020, the Company committed to workforce reductions and implemented an employee furlough program within the Conferences segment, affecting approximately 45% of total Conference employees (approximately 3% of total Company employees). The majority of terminations and furloughs were effective April 30, 2020. The Company expects to incur an aggregate of approximately $5 million to $6 million in costs relating to these workforce reductions. The Company expects the majority of these charges to be incurred and paid in the second quarter of 2020.

On May 6, 2020, the 2016 Credit Agreement was amended with the consent of the required lenders to, among other things,modify certain financial maintenance covenants to provide additional flexibility to Gartner through December 31, 2021. The amendment increases the maximum consolidated leverage ratio to 5.00 to 1.00 and the maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio to 3.75 to 1.00 (each as determined in accordance with the 2016 Credit Agreement), in each case for fiscal quarters ending on June 30, 2020 through and including December 31, 2021. The amendment only increases the applicable margin for all outstanding Revolving Loans and Tranche A Term Loans (each as defined in the 2016 Credit Agreement) to the extent the consolidated leverage ratio (as determined in accordance with the Credit Agreement) exceeds 4.50 to 1.00.

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by award type

The tables below summarize the Company's stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Award type	2020		2019
Stock appreciation rights	$	1.7	$	3.9
Restricted stock units	23.2		27.7
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by expense category

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Expense category line item	2020		2019
Cost of services and product development	$	12.1	$	11.3
Selling, general and administrative	13.0		20.4
Acquisition and integration charges (2)	—		0.1
Total (1)	$	25.1	$	31.8

(1) Includes charges of $11.6 million and $20.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2) Includes charges related to acquisitions and related integration efforts.

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Leases - Net Lease Costs (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 37,961
Variable lease cost	4,403
Sublease income	(11,090)
Total lease cost, net	31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	14,919
Cost for subleasing activities	$ 10,600

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Estimated Future Amortization Expense By Year From Amortizable Intangibles (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2020 (remaining nine months)	$ 91,192
2021	102,091
2022	92,339
2023	92,323
2024	87,064
Thereafter	399,141
Finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 864,150	$ 925,087

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Segment Information - Information About Reportable Segments (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment	3
Operating income	$ 124,718,000	$ 48,799,000
Intersegment revenues
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0
Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,018,891,000	970,444,000
Operating income	676,791,000	622,762,000
Corporate and other expenses
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating income	(552,073,000)	(573,963,000)
Research | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	909,291,000	825,374,000
Operating income	653,469,000	575,168,000
Conferences | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	13,870,000	51,932,000
Operating income	(6,060,000)	18,876,000
Consulting | Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	95,730,000	93,138,000
Operating income	$ 29,382,000	$ 28,718,000

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Debt - Footnote to Borrowings (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2012 loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average annual effect rate	4.43%
Bank Term Loan - A Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Floating eurodollar base rate	0.99%
Long term debt	$ 1,225,125	$ 1,252,969
Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long term debt	$ 800,000	800,000
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	5.125%
Connecticut Economic Development Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of loans | loan			2
Revolving credit facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Contractual annualized interest rate	2.49%
Additional interest above base rate	1.50%
Remaining borrowing capacity	$ 1,000,000
Long term debt	175,000	$ 148,000
Economic Development Loan 1 | Connecticut Economic Development Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long term debt	$ 1,400
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	3.00%
Debt term	10 years
Economic Development Loan 2 | Connecticut Economic Development Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	1.75%
Debt term	10 years

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Provision for income taxes	$ 21,757	$ 258
Effective income tax rate	22.50%	1.20%
Tax benefits from stock based compensation	$ 5,900	$ 7,200
Pretax income	96,854	$ 21,053
Unrecognized tax benefits	103,700		$ 102,800
Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits is reasonably possible	$ 9,900

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Employee Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Net periodic pension expense	$ 1.1	$ 0.8

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 227,850	$ 280,836
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $9,000 and $8,000, respectively	1,148,565	1,326,012
Deferred commissions	240,177	265,867
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	156,026	146,026
Total current assets	1,772,618	2,018,741
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	346,579	344,579
Operating lease right-of-use assets	678,018	702,916
Goodwill	2,927,666	2,937,726
Intangible assets, net	864,150	925,087
Other assets	211,315	222,245
Total Assets	6,800,346	7,151,294
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	533,951	788,796
Deferred revenues	1,847,384	1,928,020
Current portion of long-term debt	149,003	139,718
Total current liabilities	2,530,338	2,856,534
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	2,035,273	2,043,888
Operating lease liabilities	813,883	832,533
Other liabilities	530,577	479,746
Total Liabilities	5,910,071	6,212,701
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82	82
Additional paid-in capital	1,922,608	1,899,273
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(168,972)	(77,938)
Accumulated earnings	2,063,819	1,988,722
Treasury stock, at cost, 74,308,008 and 74,444,288 common shares, respectively	(2,927,262)	(2,871,546)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	890,275	938,593
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 6,800,346	$ 7,151,294

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Segment Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

The Company's products and services are delivered through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•Conferences provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice live.

•Consulting combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are no intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources.

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891
Gross contribution	653,469		(6,060)		29,382		676,791
Corporate and other expenses							(552,073)
Operating income							$	124,718

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444
Gross contribution	575,168		18,876		28,718		622,762
Corporate and other expenses							(573,963)
Operating income							$	48,799

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Total segment gross contribution	$	676,791	$	622,762
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	(822)		(1,037)
Selling, general and administrative	496,639		518,770
Depreciation and amortization	54,696		53,458
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560		2,772
Operating income	124,718		48,799
Interest expense and other, net	(27,864)		(25,671)
Loss from divested operations	—		(2,075)
Less: Provision for income taxes	21,757		258
Net income	$	75,097	$	20,795

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company's policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee's target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

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Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was an expense of $21.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The effective income tax rate was 22.5% and 1.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The quarter-over-quarter increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to the relative impact of tax benefits from stock-based compensation. These benefits, approximately $5.9 million and $7.2 million for the first three months of 2020 and 2019 respectively, had less of an impact in reducing the effective tax rate for the period in 2020 on pretax income of $96.9 million as compared to the same period in 2019 on pretax income of $21.1 million.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law in the United States. The CARES Act provides a substantial stimulus and assistance package intended to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It includes provisions for the deferral of certain taxes and the acceleration of income tax deductions for certain expenses. The Company continues to monitor and record any effects that may result from the CARES Act as well as ongoing government guidance related to COVID-19 that may be issued.

In April 2020, the Company completed an intercompany sale of certain intellectual property that it expects will have a material favorable tax impact on the Company’s second quarter 2020 financial results. The Company's intellectual property footprint continues to evolve and this may result in tax rate volatility in the future.

The Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $103.7 million at March 31, 2020 and $102.8 million at December 31, 2019. It is reasonably possible that gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $9.9 million within the next twelve months due to the anticipated closure of audits and the expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net	Accumulated Earnings	Treasury Stock
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 850,757	$ 82	$ 1,823,710	$ (39,867)	$ 1,755,432	$ (2,688,600)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	20,795				20,795
Other comprehensive loss	(21,699)			(21,699)
Issuances under stock plans	5,062		(2,911)			7,973
Common share repurchases	(29,837)					(29,837)
Stock-based compensation expense	31,819		31,819
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2019	856,897	82	1,852,618	(61,566)	1,776,227	(2,710,464)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2019	938,593	82	1,899,273	(77,938)	1,988,722	(2,871,546)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	75,097				75,097
Other comprehensive loss	(91,034)			(91,034)
Issuances under stock plans	5,654		(1,794)			7,448
Common share repurchases	(63,164)					(63,164)
Stock-based compensation expense	25,129		25,129
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2020	$ 890,275	$ 82	$ 1,922,608	$ (168,972)	$ 2,063,819	$ (2,927,262)

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Computation of Earnings Per Share - Calculations Of Basic And Diluted (Loss) Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per common share	$ 75,097	$ 20,795
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares used in the calculation of basic (loss) income per share (in shares)	89,219	89,882
Common stock equivalents associated with stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	847	1,122
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share (in shares)	90,066	91,004
Basic income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.84	$ 0.23
Diluted income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.83	$ 0.23

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Revenue and Related Matters - Disaggregation of Revenue by Geographic Area (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 1,018,891	$ 970,444
Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	909,291	825,374
Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	13,870	51,932
Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	95,730	93,138
United States and Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	650,299	611,333
United States and Canada | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	590,156	527,233
United States and Canada | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	5,980	29,007
United States and Canada | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	54,163	55,093
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	238,168	241,086
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	205,939	193,955
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	2,147	17,197
Europe, Middle East and Africa | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	30,082	29,934
Other International
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	130,424	118,025
Other International | Research
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	113,196	104,186
Other International | Conferences
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	5,743	5,728
Other International | Consulting
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 11,485	$ 8,111

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Derivatives and Hedging (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of information regarding outstanding derivative contracts

The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

March 31, 2020
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(126,317)	Other liabilities	$	(91,896)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	43	227,817		(559)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	47	$	1,627,817	$	(126,876)		$	(91,896)

December 31, 2019
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(64,831)	Other liabilities	$	(47,164)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	176	604,858		59		Other current assets	—
Total	180	$	2,004,858	$	(64,772)		$	(47,164)

(1)The interest rate swaps have been designated and are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the forecasted interest payments on borrowings. As a result, changes in the fair values of the swaps are deferred and recorded in AOCI/L, net of tax effect. Note 7 — Debt provides additional information regarding the Company's interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income (expense), net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at March 31, 2020 matured before April 30, 2020.

(3)See Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

Schedule of amounts recognized in statement of operations

The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Amount recorded in:	2020		2019
Interest (income) expense, net (1)	$	3,192	$	(2,271)
Other expense, net (2)	12,599		(1,838)
Total expense (income), net	$	15,791	$	(4,109)

(1)Consists of interest (income) expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts.

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Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingencies

Contingencies

Legal Matters. The Company is involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We record a provision for pending litigation in our consolidated financial statements when we determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. We believe that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

Indemnifications. The Company has various agreements that may obligate us to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters. Generally, these indemnification clauses are included in contracts arising in the normal course of business under which we customarily agree to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations related to matters such as title to assets sold and licensed or certain intellectual property rights. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification agreements due to the conditional nature of the Company’s obligations and the unique facts of each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by us under these agreements have not been material. As of March 31, 2020, the Company did not have any material payment obligations under any such indemnification agreements.

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Revenue and Related Matters (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue by Reportable Segment

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company's disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market (1)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	590,156	$	5,980	$	54,163	$	650,299
Europe, Middle East and Africa	205,939		2,147		30,082		238,168
Other International	113,196		5,743		11,485		130,424
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	527,233	$	29,007	$	55,093	$	611,333
Europe, Middle East and Africa	193,955		17,197		29,934		241,086
Other International	104,186		5,728		8,111		118,025
Total revenues	$	825,374	$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	829,212	$	—	$	81,408	$	910,620
Transferred at a point in time (2)	80,079		13,870		14,322		108,271
Total revenues	$	909,291	$	13,870	$	95,730	$	1,018,891

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	752,798	$	—	$	78,957	$	831,755
Transferred at a point in time (2)	72,576		51,932		14,181		138,689
Total revenues	825,374		$	51,932	$	93,138	$	970,444

(1)Research revenues were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues were recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables were provided to the customer.

Schedule for Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability

The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

	March 31,		December 31,
	2020		2019
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,157,565	$	1,334,012
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	19,558	$	21,350
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	1,847,384	$	1,928,020
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	17,231		24,409
Total contract liabilities	$	1,864,615	$	1,952,429

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right of payment from our customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which we do not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restriction.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of our performance obligation(s).

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the three months ended March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019 (1)	$	2,651,060	$	189,641	$	97,025	$	2,937,726
Foreign currency translation impact	(8,718)		(1,278)		(64)		(10,060)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	2,642,342	$	188,363	$	96,961	$	2,927,666

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Schedule of amortizable intangible assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company's finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

March 31, 2020	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2019	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Foreign currency translation impact	(36,507)		(1,171)		(175)		(72)		(37,925)
Gross cost	1,108,602		109,862		13,965		30,766		1,263,195
Accumulated amortization (1)	(299,121)		(66,478)		(12,302)		(21,144)		(399,045)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	809,481	$	43,384	$	1,663	$	9,622	$	864,150

December 31, 2019	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Accumulated amortization (1)	(283,369)		(61,564)		(11,225)		(19,875)		(376,033)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	861,740	$	49,469	$	2,915	$	10,963	$	925,087

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—4 to 13 years; Software—3 to 7 years; Content—1.5 to 4 years; and Other—2 to 11 years.

Schedule of estimated future amortization expense by year

The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2020 (remaining nine months)	$	91,192
2021	102,091
2022	92,339
2023	92,323
2024	87,064
Thereafter	399,141
	$	864,150

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Debt - Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount outstanding	$ 2,206,547	$ 2,207,514
Less: deferred financing fees	(22,271)	(23,908)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	2,184,276	2,183,606
Revolving credit facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross	175,000	148,000
Bank Term Loan - A Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross	1,225,125	1,252,969
Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross	800,000	800,000
Other
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, gross	$ 6,422	$ 6,545

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Changes to Carrying Amount of Goodwill by Reporting Unit (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill impairment		$ 0
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 2,937,726,000
Foreign currency translation impact	(10,060,000)
Ending balance	2,927,666,000
Goodwill, accumulated impairment losses			$ 0
Research
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	2,651,060,000
Foreign currency translation impact	(8,718,000)
Ending balance	2,642,342,000
Conferences
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	189,641,000
Foreign currency translation impact	(1,278,000)
Ending balance	188,363,000
Consulting
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	97,025,000
Foreign currency translation impact	(64,000)
Ending balance	$ 96,961,000

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Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Details) - $ / shares shares in Millions	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Number of shares available for grant (in shares)	4.1
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0005	$ 0.0005

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Subsequent Events - (Details) - Subsequent Event $ in Millions			1 Months Ended
	May 06, 2020	Apr. 01, 2020 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percent of employees affected by furlough			3.00%
Minimum
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Expected costs related to workforce reduction			$ 5
Maximum
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Expected costs related to workforce reduction			$ 6
Conferences
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percent of employees affected by furlough			45.00%
2016 Credit Agreement
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Maximum consolidated leverage ratio	5.00
Maximum consolidated secured leverage ratio	3.75
Minimum consolidated leverage ratio to increase margin for outstanding loans	4.50
Revolving credit facility | Line of Credit
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Draw down on revolving credit facility		$ 300

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Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of debt

The table below summarizes the Company’s total outstanding borrowings as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

	March 31,		December 31,
Description:	2020		2019
2016 Credit Agreement - Term loan A facility (1)	$	1,225,125	$	1,252,969
2016 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	175,000		148,000
Senior Notes (3)	800,000		800,000
Other (4)	6,422		6,545
Principal amount outstanding (5)	2,206,547		2,207,514
Less: deferred financing fees (6)	(22,271)		(23,908)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,184,276	$	2,183,606

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of March 31, 2020 on the Term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility was 2.49%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of 0.99% plus a margin of 1.50%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of March 31, 2020.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding. The Senior Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.125% and mature on April 1, 2025.

(4)Consists of two State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of $1.4 million as of March 31, 2020 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

(5)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company's outstanding debt for the three months ended March 31, 2020, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was 4.43%.

(6)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2020 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to five years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2020 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

Description:	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Operating lease cost (1)	$	37,961
Variable lease cost (2)	4,403
Sublease income	(11,090)
Total lease cost, net (3)	$	31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	14,919

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.6 million of costs for subleasing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

Description:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	76,724
Operating leases - liabilities	813,883
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	$	890,607

Leases

Leases

The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2020 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to five years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2020 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

Description:	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Operating lease cost (1)	$	37,961
Variable lease cost (2)	4,403
Sublease income	(11,090)
Total lease cost, net (3)	$	31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	14,919

(1)Included in operating lease cost was $10.6 million of costs for subleasing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

Description:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	76,724
Operating leases - liabilities	813,883
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet	$	890,607

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Computation of Earnings Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share calculations

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per common share	$	75,097	$	20,795
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	89,219		89,882
Common stock equivalents associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	847		1,122
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	90,066		91,004
Basic income per share	$	0.84	$	0.23
Diluted income per share	$	0.83	$	0.23

(1)Certain common stock equivalents were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These common share equivalents totaled 0.7 million and 0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Segment Information - Reconciliation of Segment Gross Contribution to Net Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	$ 341,278	$ 346,645
Selling, general and administrative	496,639	518,770
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560	2,772
Operating income	124,718	48,799
Interest expense and other, net	(27,864)	(25,671)
Loss from divested operations	0	(2,075)
Less: Provision for income taxes	21,757	258
Net income	75,097	20,795
Reportable segments
Costs and expenses:
Operating income	$ 676,791	622,762
Reportable segments | Maximum
Costs and expenses:
Percent of target bonus allocated to segments	100.00%
Corporate and other expenses
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	$ (822)	(1,037)
Selling, general and administrative	496,639	518,770
Depreciation and amortization	54,696	53,458
Acquisition and integration charges	1,560	2,772
Operating income	$ (552,073)	$ (573,963)

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Computation of Earnings Per Share - Additional information (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of (loss) income per share (in shares)	0.7	0.2

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Debt - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) installment
Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount	$ 800,000,000.0
Debt instrument, fixed interest rate	5.125%
Debt instrument, issue price, percent	100.00%
2016 Agreement | Term loans | Bank Term Loan - A Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 1,500,000,000
Number of quarterly repayment installments | installment	16
2016 Agreement | Revolving credit facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 1,200,000,000

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Leases - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020
Leases [Abstract]
Renewal term	5 years
Option to terminate, term	1 year

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Debt - Interest Rate Swaps (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) derivative_instrument outstanding_contract	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) outstanding_contract
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of contracts | outstanding_contract	47	180
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value	$ 1,627,817	$ 2,004,858
Interest rate swaps
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of contracts | derivative_instrument	4
Interest rate swap contracts total notional value	$ 1,400,000
Term of contract	30 days
Net negative fair value (liability)	$ 126,300	$ 64,800
Minimum | Interest rate swaps
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	2.13%
Maximum | Interest rate swaps
Derivative [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate	3.04%

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Derivatives and Hedging - Outstanding Derivatives Contracts (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) outstanding_contract derivative_instrument	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($) outstanding_contract
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | outstanding_contract	47	180
Notional Amounts	$ 1,627,817	$ 2,004,858
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	(126,876)	(64,772)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L	$ (91,896)	$ (47,164)
Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | derivative_instrument	4
Notional Amounts	$ 1,400,000
Designated as hedging instrument | Other liabilities | Interest rate swaps
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | outstanding_contract	4	4
Notional Amounts	$ 1,400,000	$ 1,400,000
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	(126,317)	(64,831)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L	$ (91,896)	$ (47,164)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accrued liabilities | Foreign currency forwards
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | outstanding_contract	43
Notional Amounts	$ 227,817
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net	(559)
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L	$ 0
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other current assets | Foreign currency forwards
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Contracts | outstanding_contract		176
Notional Amounts		$ 604,858
Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net		59
Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L		$ 0

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 9,000	$ 8,000
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0005	$ 0.0005
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	250,000,000	250,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	163,602,067	163,602,067
Treasury stock, common shares (in shares)	74,308,008	74,444,288

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible AssetsGoodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Evaluations of the recoverability of goodwill are performed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, which requires an annual assessment of potential goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

When performing our annual assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, we initially perform a qualitative analysis evaluating whether any events or circumstances occurred or exist that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than the related carrying amount. If we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than the related carrying amount, then no quantitative impairment test is performed. However, if the results of our qualitative assessment indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its respective carrying amount, then we perform a quantitative impairment test. Evaluating the recoverability of goodwill requires judgments and assumptions regarding future trends and events. As a result, both the precision and reliability of our estimates are subject to uncertainty.

Our most recent annual impairment test of goodwill was a qualitative analysis conducted during the quarter ended September 30, 2019 that indicated no impairment. There were no events or changes in circumstances which indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable during the three months ended March 31, 2020.

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the three months ended March 31, 2020 (in thousands).

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019 (1)	$	2,651,060	$	189,641	$	97,025	$	2,937,726
Foreign currency translation impact	(8,718)		(1,278)		(64)		(10,060)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	2,642,342	$	188,363	$	96,961	$	2,927,666

(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company's finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).

March 31, 2020	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2019	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Foreign currency translation impact	(36,507)		(1,171)		(175)		(72)		(37,925)
Gross cost	1,108,602		109,862		13,965		30,766		1,263,195
Accumulated amortization (1)	(299,121)		(66,478)		(12,302)		(21,144)		(399,045)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	809,481	$	43,384	$	1,663	$	9,622	$	864,150

December 31, 2019	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,145,109	$	111,033	$	14,140	$	30,838	$	1,301,120
Accumulated amortization (1)	(283,369)		(61,564)		(11,225)		(19,875)		(376,033)
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	861,740	$	49,469	$	2,915	$	10,963	$	925,087

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—4 to 13 years; Software—3 to 7 years; Content—1.5 to 4 years; and Other—2 to 11 years.

Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $32.2 million and $33.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).

2020 (remaining nine months)	$	91,192
2021	102,091
2022	92,339
2023	92,323
2024	87,064
Thereafter	399,141
	$	864,150

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Derivatives and Hedging

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging

Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into a limited number of derivative contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on variable-rate debt and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its outstanding derivative contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).

March 31, 2020
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(126,317)	Other liabilities	$	(91,896)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	43	227,817		(559)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	47	$	1,627,817	$	(126,876)		$	(91,896)

December 31, 2019
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(64,831)	Other liabilities	$	(47,164)
Foreign currency forwards (2)	176	604,858		59		Other current assets	—
Total	180	$	2,004,858	$	(64,772)		$	(47,164)

(1)The interest rate swaps have been designated and are accounted for as cash flow hedges of the forecasted interest payments on borrowings. As a result, changes in the fair values of the swaps are deferred and recorded in AOCI/L, net of tax effect. Note 7 — Debt provides additional information regarding the Company's interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income (expense), net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at March 31, 2020 matured before April 30, 2020.

(3)See Note 11 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

At March 31, 2020, all of the Company’s derivative counterparties were investment grade financial institutions. The Company did not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and none of the derivative contracts contained credit-risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Amount recorded in:	2020		2019
Interest (income) expense, net (1)	$	3,192	$	(2,271)
Other expense, net (2)	12,599		(1,838)
Total expense (income), net	$	15,791	$	(4,109)

(1)Consists of interest (income) expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 75,097	$ 20,795
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	54,696	53,458
Stock-based compensation expense	25,129	31,819
Deferred taxes	25,537	(25,530)
Loss from divested operations	0	2,075
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	22,862	20,939
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	1,637	1,616
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Fees receivable, net	135,661	78,390
Deferred commissions	17,520	4,073
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(12,656)	8,891
Other assets	5,961	(28,517)
Deferred revenues	(26,228)	85,740
Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(269,467)	(218,153)
Cash provided by operating activities	55,749	35,596
Investing activities:
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(24,536)	(20,060)
Acquisitions - cash paid (net of cash acquired)	0	(2,295)
Cash used in investing activities	(24,536)	(22,355)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	5,641	5,083
Proceeds from borrowings	0	35,000
Payments on borrowings	(967)	(18,682)
Purchases of treasury stock	(73,164)	(44,839)
Cash used in financing activities	(68,490)	(23,438)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(37,277)	(10,197)
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(15,709)	804
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	280,836	158,663
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$ 227,850	$ 149,270

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Business and Basis of Presentation - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) enterprise segment country	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of organizations Company serves | enterprise	15,000
Number of countries in which entity operates | country	100
Number of reportable segments | segment	3
Acquisition and integration charges	$ 1,560	$ 2,772
Deferred consideration			$ 2,300
Loss from divested operations	$ 0	$ 2,075

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Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of share repurchase activity

The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2020		2019
Number of shares repurchased (1)	417,707		212,424
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	73,164	$	44,839

(1) The average purchase price for repurchased shares was $151.22 and $140.46 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included purchases for both stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases. All of the shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2019 related to the settlement of the Company's stock-based compensation awards.

(2) The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2020 included open market purchases with trade dates in December 2019 that settled in January 2020.

Schedule of the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by component (net of tax)

The tables below provide information about the changes in AOCI/L by component and the related amounts reclassified out of AOCI/L to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2019	$	(47,164)	$	(8,584)	$	(22,190)	$	(77,938)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(47,054)		—		(46,381)		(93,435)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	2,322		79		—		2,401
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(44,732)		79		(46,381)		(91,034)
Balance – March 31, 2020	$	(91,896)	$	(8,505)	$	(68,571)	$	(168,972)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2018	$	(7,770)	$	(5,738)	$	(26,359)	$	(39,867)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income	(12,853)		—		(7,236)		(20,089)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3)	(1,652)		42		—		(1,610)
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period	(14,505)		42		(7,236)		(21,699)
Balance – March 31, 2019	$	(22,275)	$	(5,696)	$	(33,595)	$	(61,566)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)The reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net. See Note 7 — Debt and Note 10 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other expense, net. See Note 12 – Employee Benefits for information regarding the Company’s defined benefit pension plans.

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Revenue and Related Matters - Schedule of Contract with Customer, Asset and Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2019
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross	$ 1,157,565		$ 1,334,012
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets	19,558		21,350
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability)	1,847,384		1,928,020
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities	17,231		24,409
Total contract liabilities	1,864,615		$ 1,952,429
Revenue recognized previously attributable to deferred revenues	$ 658,400	$ 650,100