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Stock Options (Stock Options [Member])
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Stock Options [Member]
 
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock Options
Stock Options

The Company periodically grants stock options to employees and directors in accordance with the provisions of our stock option plans, with the exercise price of the stock options being set at or above the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
In our stock option plans, the exercise price of the awards are established by the administrator of the plan and, in the case of incentive stock options ("ISOs") issued to employees who are less than 10% stockholders. The per share exercise price must be equal to at least 100% of the fair market value of a share of the common stock on the date of grant or not less than 110% of the fair market value of the shares in the case of an employee who is a 10% stockholder. The administrator of the plan determines the terms and provisions of each award granted, including the vesting schedule, repurchase provisions, rights of first refusal, forfeiture provisions, form of payment, payment contingencies and satisfaction of any performance criteria.
The weighted average fair value of each option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions during the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012:
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Risk free interest rate
0.8%
 
0.9%
Expected option lives
5 years
 
5 years
Expected volatility
104.0%
 
111.3%
Estimated forfeiture rate
10%
 
10%
Expected dividend yields
 
Weighted average grant date fair value of options
$1.49
 
$2.37

The Company calculates expected volatility for a stock-based grant based on historic daily stock price observations of its common stock during the period immediately preceding the grant that is equal in length to the expected term of the grant. The expected term of the options and forfeiture rates are estimated based on the Company’s exercise and employment termination experience. The risk free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury yields for securities in effect at the time of grants with terms approximating the expected life of the grants. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model are highly subjective and can materially affect the resulting valuations.
A summary of options granted, exercised, expired and forfeited under our plans and options outstanding as of, and changes made during, the three months ended March 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 
Outstanding
 
Exercisable
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Number of Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Options outstanding, January 1, 2013
1,757

 
$
3.07

 
605
 
$
2.93

Granted
1,075

 
1.95

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(70
)
 
1.61

 
 
 
 
Expired

 

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
(766
)
 
3.12

 
 
 
 
Options outstanding, March 31, 2013
1,996

 
$
2.50

 
494
 
$
3.22


Stock option compensation expense is allocated as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2013
 
2012
Global managed services
$

 
$
3

Sales and marketing

 
1

General and administrative
210

 
18

 
$
210

 
$
22


The remaining unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for options at March 31, 2013 was $2,214,000, of which $548,000, representing 275,000 options, will only be expensed upon a “change in control” and the remaining $1,667,000 will be amortized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.9 year.

The tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation for the three months ended March 31, 2013 was diminimus. There was no tax benefit recognized for stock-based compensation for the three months ended March 31, 2012. No compensation costs were capitalized as part of the cost of an asset during the periods presented.