17. Segment Information

The Company conducts primarily all of its business in the following four reportable operating segments: (1) residential real estate, (2) resorts and leisure, (3) commercial leasing and sales and (4) forestry. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2017, commercial real estate and leasing operations were treated as individual operating segments. See Note 1. Nature of Operations for additional information.

The Company’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. They are each managed separately and decisions about allocations of resources are determined by management based on these strategic business units.

The adoption of Topic 606 impacted the Company’s residential real estate segment as detailed below and had a de minimis impact on the resorts and leisure segment, but did not impact the commercial leasing and sales or forestry segments. The following summary details the Company’s revenue and the related timing of revenue recognition, along with cost of revenue by segment.

Revenue from real estate sales, including sales of homesites, commercial properties and rural or timberland, is recognized at the point in time when a sale is closed and title transfers to the buyer, the buyer’s initial investment is adequate, any receivables are probable of collection, the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and the Company does not have significant continuing involvement with the real estate sold.

The residential real estate segment generates revenue from the sale of developed homesites; the sale of parcels of entitled, undeveloped land; a lot residual on homebuilder sales that provides the Company a percentage of the sale price of the completed home if the home price exceeds a negotiated threshold; the sale of tap and impact fee credits; marketing fees and other fees on certain transactions. Prior to 2018, these lot residuals and certain fees were recognized in revenue when consideration was received by the Company in periods subsequent to the initial recognition of revenue for the sale of the homesite. Effective January 1, 2018, with the adoption of Topic 606, estimated lot residuals and certain estimated fees are recognized as revenue at the point in time of the sale to homebuilders, subject to constraints, and any change in circumstances from the estimated amounts will be updated at each reporting period. See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The residential real estate segment incurs cost of revenue primarily from costs directly associated with the land, development and construction of real estate sold and indirect costs such as development overhead, capitalized interest, marketing, project administration and selling costs.

As part of the Company’s April 2014 RiverTown real estate sale, the buyer, an affiliate of Mattamy (Jacksonville) Partnership d/b/a Mattamy Homes (“Mattamy”), was obligated to pay certain impact fees to the Company prior to April 2, 2019 and, depending on circumstances, potentially thereafter. On April 3, 2018, the Board of County Commissioners for St. Johns County adopted revised impact fee schedules that went into effect as of July 3, 2018, and increased impact fee rates for residential units. In June 2018, the Company received $23.1 million from Mattamy to pay the estimated impact fees based on Mattamy’s current development plans and the impact fee schedule in effect at the time of the payment. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the impact fees of $23.1 million were included in real estate revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. Mattamy may be required to pay to the Company additional impact fees based on its future development plans. Any consideration the Company may receive for additional impact fees will be based on a variety of factors outside the Company’s control, including impact fee increases or decreases by St. Johns County, home sizes and the number of homes built in the project. The Company received impact fees for a total of $23.3 million and $0.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company received impact fees for a total of $23.5 million and $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. From April 2014 through June 30, 2018, the Company has received approximately $25.1 million in impact fee payments from Mattamy.

The resort and leisure segment generates revenue and incurs costs from the WaterColor Inn and WaterSound Inn, the vacation rental program, management of The Pearl Hotel, membership sales, membership reservations, restaurants, golf courses, a beach club, marina operations and other related resort activities. The revenue is generally recognized at the point in time as services are provided.

WaterColor Inn, WaterSound Inn, Vacation Rentals and Other Management Services - WaterColor Inn, WaterSound Inn and vacation rentals generate revenue from (1) the WaterColor Inn, WaterSound Inn and other management services, (2) management of The Pearl Hotel, (3) vacation rentals and (4) restaurants. The WaterColor Inn and WaterSound Inn generate revenue from service and rental fees and incur expenses from the cost of services and goods provided, maintenance of the inns’ facilities, personnel costs and third-party management fees. Revenue generated from the Company’s management services of The Pearl Hotel includes a monthly management fee, fifty percent of certain resort fees and a percentage of The Pearl Hotel’s gross operating profit. Expenses include primarily internal administrative costs. Prior to the sale of the short term vacation rental management business during December 2017, the vacation rental management business generated revenue from the rental of private homes owned by third parties and other services, which included the entire rental fee collected from the customer, including the homeowner’s portion. A percentage of the fee was remitted to the homeowner and presented in the cost of resorts and leisure revenue. Following the December 2017 sale, the Company no longer manages third party vacation rentals, but continues to manage vacation rental properties the Company owns. The vacation rental business incurs expenses from the holding cost of assets the Company owns and standard lodging personnel, such as front desk, reservations and marketing personnel. The Company’s restaurants generate revenue from food and beverage sales and incur expenses from the cost of services and goods provided and standard restaurant personnel costs.

Clubs - Club operations include the Company’s golf courses, beach club and facilities that generate revenue from membership sales, membership reservations, daily play at the golf courses, merchandise sales and food and beverage sales and incur expenses from the services provided, maintenance of the golf courses, beach club and facilities, personnel costs and third-party management fees. Club membership revenue is recognized when billed to the member and the non-refundable initiation fee is deferred and recognized ratably over the estimated membership period.

Marinas - The Company’s marinas generate revenue from boat slip rentals recognized over the term of the lease and fuel sales recognized at the time of sale, and incur expenses from cost of services provided, maintenance of the marina facilities, personnel costs and third-party management fees.

The commercial leasing and sales segment includes the leasing of retail, office and commercial property, cell towers, and other assets as well as planning, development, entitlement, management and sale of the Company’s commercial land holdings for a variety of uses, including a broad range of retail, office, hotel, multi-family and industrial uses. Leasing revenue consists of long term rental revenue, which is recognized as earned, using the straight-line method over the life of each lease. Certain leases provide for tenant occupancy during periods for which no rent is due or where minimum rent payments change during the lease term. Accordingly, a receivable or liability is recorded representing the difference between the straight-line rent and the rent that is contractually due from the tenant. The commercial leasing and sales segment incurs leasing expenses primarily from maintenance and management of the Company’s properties, personnel costs and asset holding costs. Leasing operations include properties located in the Company’s Beckrich Office Park, consolidated Pier Park North JV and Windmark JV, as well as the Company’s industrial park, VentureCrossings and other properties. The commercial leasing and sales segment also generates revenue from the sale of developed and undeveloped land for retail, office, hotel, multi-family and industrial uses, from the sale of undeveloped land or land with limited development and entitlements and from the sale of commercial operating properties, which are recognized at the point in time when a sale is closed and title transfers to the buyer, the buyer’s initial investment is adequate, any receivables are probable of collection, the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and the Company does not have significant continuing involvement with the real estate sold. Real estate sales in the commercial leasing and sales segment incur costs of revenue directly associated with the land, development, construction and selling costs. Pier Park North JV, Pier Park Crossings JV and other assets, which are subject to third-party financing incur interest and financing expenses related to the loans as described in Note 10. Debt, Net.

The forestry segment produces and sells pulpwood, sawtimber and other forest products and may sell the Company’s timber or rural land holdings. Revenue from the sale of the Company’s forestry products is primarily from open market sales of timber on site without the associated delivery costs and is derived from either pay-as-cut sales contracts or timber bid sales. Under a pay-as-cut sales contract, the risk of loss and title to the specified timber transfers to the buyer when cut by the buyer, and the buyer or some other third party is responsible for all logging and hauling costs, if any. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when risk of loss and title are transferred. Timber bid sales are agreements in which the buyer agrees to purchase and harvest specified timber (i.e., mature pulpwood and/or sawlogs) on a tract of land over the term of the contract. Unlike a pay-as-cut sales contract, risk of loss and title to the trees transfer to the buyer when the contract is signed and revenue is recognized accordingly. The buyer pays the full purchase price when the contract is signed and the Company does not have any additional performance obligations. The forestry segment incurs costs of revenue from internal costs of forestry management and property taxes.

The forestry segment may also generate revenue from the sale of the Company’s timber holdings, undeveloped land or land with limited development and easements, which are recognized at the point in time when a sale is closed and title transfers to the buyer, the buyer’s initial investment is adequate, any receivables are probable of collection, the usual risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer and the Company does not have significant continuing involvement with the real estate sold. Costs incurred as part of a sale of these lands may include the cost of timber, land, minimal development costs and selling costs. Leasing revenue within the forestry segment consists primarily of hunting leases, which is recognized as income over the term of each lease.

The Company uses income before income taxes and non-controlling interest for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources to each segment and assessing each segment’s performance, which the Company believes represents current performance measures.

The accounting policies of the segments are set forth in Note 2 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements contained in Item 15 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Total revenue represents sales to unaffiliated customers, as reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The category entitled “Other” consists of mitigation credit and title fee revenue and non-allocated corporate general and administrative expenses, net of investment income.

Information by business segment is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Operating revenue:
Residential real estate (a)	$	28,755	$	4,706	$	35,790	$	5,980
Resorts and leisure		13,270		19,328		20,719		27,436
Commercial leasing and sales		3,345		4,831		6,495		7,795
Forestry revenue		2,808		1,588		4,788		2,674
Other (b)		2,256		194		2,506		275
Consolidated operating revenue	$	50,434	$	30,647	$	70,298	$	44,160



Income (loss) before income taxes:
Residential real estate (a)	$	24,957	$	1,893	$	26,417	$	1,224
Resorts and leisure		2,403		3,380		1,868		1,604
Commercial leasing and sales		(190)		235		(280)		(138)
Forestry		2,226		1,130		3,757		2,371
Other		3,218		9,885		1,228		17,929
Consolidated income before income taxes	$	32,614	$	16,523	$	32,990	$	22,990


	June 30,		December 31,
	2018		2017
Total assets:
Residential real estate	$	120,502	$	117,732
Resorts and leisure		77,610		83,151
Commercial leasing and sales		172,494		163,271
Forestry		20,228		20,212
Other		492,934		536,627
Total assets	$	883,768	$	920,993

(a)

Includes revenue of $23.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 for a one-time payment of RiverTown impact fees related to the 2014 RiverTown real estate sale.

(b)

Includes revenue of $2.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 related to a specific sale of mitigation bank credits.