Exhibit (a)(1)(vi)

GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER

IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Guidelines for Determining the Proper Identification Number to Give the Payer — Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: i.e., 000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated by only one hyphen: i.e., 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the number to give the payer.

For this type of account	Give the SOCIAL SECURITY Number of:
1.     An individual’s account	The individual
2.     Two or more individuals (joint account)	The actual owner of the account or, if combined funds, the first individual on the account1
3.     Custodian account of a minor (Uniform Gifts to Minors Act)	The minor2
4.     a.      The usual revocable          savings trust account          (grantor is also trustee)	The grantor-trustee1
b.     So-called trust account that is not a legal or valid trust under state law	The actual owner1
5.     Sole proprietorship or disregarded entity owned by an individual	The owner3

For this type of account	Give the EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION number of:
6.     Disregarded entity not owned by an individual	The owner
7.     A valid trust, estate, or pension trust	Legal entity (Do not furnish the identifying number of the personal representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account title)4
8.     Corporate or LLC electing corporate status on Form 8832	The corporation
9.     Association, club, religious, charitable, educational, or other tax- exempt organization account	The organization
10.   Partnership or multi-member LLC	The partnership
11.   A broker or registered nominee	The broker or nominee
12.   Account with the Department of Agriculture in the name of a public entity (such as a state or local government, school district or prison) that receives agricultural program payments	The public entity

1. List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. If only one person on a joint account has a social security number, that person’s number must be furnished.

2. Circle the minor’s name and furnish the minor’s social security number.

3. You must show your individual name, but you may also enter your business or “doing business as” name. You may use either your social security number or employer identification number (if you have one).

4. List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.

Note: If no name is circled when more than one name is listed, the number will be considered to be that of the first name listed.

How to Obtain a TIN

If you do not have a TIN, apply for one immediately. To apply for a SSN, get Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Card, from your local Social Security Administration office or get this form online at www.ssa.gov. You may also get this form by calling 1-800-772-1213. Use Form W-7, Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, to apply for an ITIN, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, to apply for an EIN. You can apply for an EIN online by accessing the IRS website at www.irs.gov/business and clicking on Employer Identification Number (EIN) under Starting a Business. You can get Forms W-7 and SS-4 from the IRS by visiting www.irs.gov or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORM (1-800-829-3676).

Note: Entering “Applied For” means that you have already applied for a TIN or that you intend to apply for one soon.

Payees Exempt from Backup Withholding

Payees exempt from backup withholding on all payments include the following:

• An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), any IRA, or a custodial account under section 403(b)(7) if the account satisfies the requirements of section 401(f)(2).

• The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.

• A state, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities.

• A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies, or instrumentalities.

• An international organization or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.

Other payees that may be exempt from backup withholding include:

• A corporation.

• A foreign central bank of issue.

• A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United States, the District of Columbia or a possession of the United States.

• A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

• A real estate investment trust.

• An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

• A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).

• A financial institution.

• A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or custodian.

• A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section 4947.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup withholding include the following:

• Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.

• Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the United States and that have at least one nonresident alien partner.

• Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in money.

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• Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

• Section 404(k) distributions made by an ESOP.

Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the following:

• Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. Note: You may be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is paid in the course of the payer’s trade of business and you have not provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payer.

• Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.

• Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.

• Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

• Mortgage or student loan interest paid to you.

Exempt payees described above should file Substitute Form W-9 to avoid possible erroneous backup withholding. FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE “EXEMPT” ON THE FACE OF THE FORM IN PART II, SIGN AND DATE THE FORM, AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.

Certain payments, other than interest, dividends and patronage dividends that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup withholding. For details, see sections 6041, 6041A, 6042, 6044, 6045, 6049, 6050A and 6050N, and their regulations.

Privacy Act Notice. — Section 6109 of the Internal Revenue Code requires you to provide your correct TIN to persons who must file information returns with the IRS to report interest, dividends, and certain other income paid to you, mortgage interest you paid, the acquisition or abandonment of secured property, cancellation of debt, or contributions you made to an IRA, or Archer MSA or HAS. The IRS uses the numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the accuracy of your tax return. The IRS may also provide this information to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation, and to cities, states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. possessions to carry out their tax laws. The IRS may also disclose this information to other countries under a tax treaty, to federal and state agencies to enforce federal nontax criminal laws, or to federal law enforcement and intelligence agencies to combat terrorism.

You must provide your TIN whether or not you are required to file a tax return. Payers must generally withhold 28% of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not give a TIN to a payer. Certain penalties may also apply.

Penalties

1. Penalty for Failure to Furnish Taxpayer Identification Number. — If you fail to furnish your correct taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.

2. Civil Penalty for False Information With Respect to Withholding. — If you make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.

3. Criminal Penalty for Falsifying Information. — Willfully falsifying certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or imprisonment.

4. Misuse of TINs. — If the requester discloses or uses TINs in violation of federal law, the requester may be subject to civil and criminal penalties.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX ADVISOR OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE.

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