10KSB 1 k10fy2005.htm ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-KSB
UNITED STATES
 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
 
Form 10-KSB

x ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

    For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005

o TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION  13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

0-13763
(Commission file No.)

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
(Name of small business issuer in its charter)

FLORIDA 59-2095002
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
5250-140th Avenue North 
Clearwater, Florida 33760
(Address of principal executive offices)
(727) 535-0572
(Issuer’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:  None
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:
 
Common Stock $.51 par value
(Title of class)
 
       Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x   No o

       Check if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-B is not contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to this Form 10-KSB. o

       Issuer’s revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005 were $39,433,347.

       The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates as of May 31, 2005 was $27,487,798 based upon the $5.02 closing sale price for the Common Stock on the NASDAQ National Market System on such date.

As of May 31, 2005 there were 5,774,875 shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

       Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement related to its 2005 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on August 25, 2005 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-KSB.

       Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format     Yes o  No x  


FISCAL YEAR 2005 FORM 10-KSB ANNUAL REPORT

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I
 
  Item 1.  Description of Business
  Item 2.  Description of Property
  Item 3.  Legal Proceedings
  Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 
PART II
 
  Item 5.  Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
  Item 6.  Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation
  Item 7.  Financial Statements
  Item 8.  Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
  Item 8A.  Controls and Procedures
  Item 8B.  Other Information
 
PART III
 
  Item 9.  Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons; Compliance With Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
  Item 10.  Executive Compensation
  Item 11.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
  Item 12.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
  Item 13.  Exhibits
  Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services
   
SIGNATURES 
 
Exhibit 23 — Consent of Independent Registered Public Accountant
 
Exhibit 31.1 — Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Exhibit 31.2 — Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Exhibit 32.1 — Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
Exhibit 32.2 — Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


    As used in this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB, “we”, “our”, “us”, the “Company” and “TRC” all refer to Technology Research Corporation and its subsidiary unless the context otherwise requires.
 
 
DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

    This Annual Report on Form 10-KSB contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and any forward looking statements made herein are based on current expectations of the Company, involve a number of risks and uncertainties and should not be considered as guarantees of future performance.  Such statements may be identified by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “scheduled,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of such terms, or other comparable terminology.  These statements are only predictions, and actual events as well as results may differ materially.  In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider the information described in the Risk Factors section. Other key factors include, but are not limited to, the acceptance of any new products, such as Fire Shield®, introduced into the marketplace, the effective utilization of the Company’s Honduran manufacturing facility and Far East contract manufacturers, changes in manufacturing efficiencies and the impact of competitive products and pricing.  The Company cannot provide any assurance that predicted future results, levels of activity, performance or goals will be achieved, and the Company disclaims any obligation to revise any forward-looking statements subsequent to events or circumstances or the occurrence of unanticipated events.  The factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to: interruptions or cancellation of existing contracts, impact of competitive products and pricing, product demand and market acceptance, risks, the presence of competitors with greater financial resources than the Company, product development and commercialization risks, changing economic conditions in developing countries, and an inability to arrange additional debt or equity financing. 

 

 


ITEM 1.  DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

OVERVIEW

    Technology Research Corporation was incorporated under the laws of the State of Florida in 1981.  TRC is an internationally recognized leader in the design, manufacture and marketing of electrical safety products that save lives, protect people against serious injury from electrical shock and/or prevent electrical fires in the home and workplace.  Based on its core technology in ground fault sensing and leakage current detection, the Company's products are designed to meet the needs of the consumer, commercial and industrial markets worldwide.  TRC also supplies power monitoring and control equipment to the United States military and its prime contractors of its tactical vehicles, naval vessels and mobile electric generators.
 
         The Company's core commercial and military product applications form the foundation upon which its technological expertise may be further refined and applied to new product offerings and resulting business expansion.  The Company's Fire Shield® and Surge Guard Plus™ product lines are examples of such a strategy, and the Company is now focused on developing the markets for these products to their full potential.  A significant opportunity for the Company's commercial market expansion was recently created by the adoption of the Underwriter's Laboratory ("UL") requirement for cord fire protection on room air conditioners ("RAC") manufactured for domestic sale after August 1, 2004.  The Company's Fire Shield® LCDI Power Cord effectively responds to such requirement, and the Company will continue to pursue additional UL mandates for other applications which could benefit from the Company's technologies.
 
         The Company's revenues related to the new RAC market in fiscal 2005 were approximately $12,500,000.  Revenues relating to this application are seasonal with the majority of revenues being generated during the Company's third and fourth fiscal quarters.  In addition to the higher revenues generated by the RAC market, the Company achieved organic growth of approximately 11% for fiscal 2005 as compared to fiscal 2004.  
 
         The Company’s primary challenge for fiscal 2005 was to penetrate the new RAC market.  In implementing its plan to support this new market, the Company incurred additional operating expenses and start-up costs, including those associated with manufacturing inefficiencies, warranty repair costs and freight expense, which negatively impacted net income.  The timing and customization of RAC orders and the implementation and coordination of ramping up its manufacturing plant in Honduras and bringing on line several Far East contract manufacturers in a compressed time frame were some of the challenges that faced the Company in fiscal 2005.  The Company believes it is better positioned to perform more efficiently for this application in fiscal 2006.  The Company plans to leverage its fiscal 2005 capital investment and expanded manufacturing capabilities to more efficiently penetrate the RAC market in subsequent years and improve net income.
 
    The Company's operating strategy is based on these key objectives:
  • to increase profitability by improving operating efficiencies;
  • to strengthen and expand its markets and distribution channels;
  • to broaden the applications within target markets for its existing products;
  • to expand the scope of its product content;
  • to expand its manufacturing capabilities;
  • to maintain a conservative capital structure; and
  • to pursue strategic acquisitions to the extent favorable opportunities are presented.
    The Company plans to pursue its operating strategy; however, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of its forward-looking statements within this report.  The Company's future financial condition and results of operations, as well as its operational and financial expectations, are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties.  Some, but not all, of the factors impacting these risks and uncertainties are set forth below in the section entitled "Risk Factors."

 
GENERAL
 
    Revenues contributed by commercial and military products and royalties from license agreements are as follows:
 

 
Year ended March 31,
 Commercial
 
 %
 Military
 
 %
 
 Royalties
 
 %
 
 Total
                                       
 2005
   $
 27,022,170
 
 68.5
   $
 12,269,581
 
 31.1
   $
 141,596
 
 0.4
   $
 39,433,347
 
 2004    
 11,941,713
 
 49.1
   
 12,304,263
 
 50.6
   
 90,661
 
 0.3
   
 24,336,637
 
 2003    
 10,254,998
 
 57.7
   
 7,386,144
 
 41.6
   
 120,794
 
 0.7
   
 17,761,936
 
 2002    
 10,276,165
 
 61.6
   
 6,241,266
 
 37.4
   
 166,854
 
 1.0
   
 16,684,285
 
 2001    
 12,117,588
 
 67.2
   
 5,687,823
 
 31.5
   
 231,563
 
 1.3
   
 18,036,974
 


 
    The Company's backlog of unshipped orders at March 31, 2005 was approximately $9 million. This backlog consists of approximately 82% of commercial product orders and approximately 18% of military product orders, all of which are expected to ship within the year ended March 31, 2006.


Commercial Products and Markets

    Core Commercial Products. The Company's core commercial business was developed out of the demand for the following Underwriters Laboratories ("UL") classifications of ground fault protective devices:  Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters ("GFCI"); Appliance Leakage Circuit Interrupters ("ALCI"); Leakage Current Detectors and Interrupters ("LCDI"); and Equipment Leakage Current Interrupters ("ELCI").  Ground fault protective devices help protect against the hazards of fire and electrical shock that result when water comes in contact with electrically "live" conductors or when faulty electrical grounding is found in old or damaged extension cords, appliance cords, house wiring and electrical equipment.  The demand for the Company's commercial products has resulted from the National Electrical Code ("NEC"), UL product standards and voluntary efforts by industry to improve the electrical safety of their products.
 
    Electrical safety is compromised when a ground fault occurs, which is a condition where electric current finds an abnormal path to ground, such as when a power tool comes in contact with water while plugged into a live outlet or when it is damaged in such a way as to cause internal wiring to come in contact with exposed metal parts allowing electricity to pass through the user of that power tool.  Upon such occurrence, the entire device can become as electrically alive as the power line to which it is attached.  If a person is touching such a live device while grounded (by being in contact with the ground or, for example, a metal pipe, gas pipe, drain or any attached metal device), that person can be seriously or fatally injured by electric shock.  Fuses or circuit breakers do not provide adequate protection against such shock, because the amount of current necessary to injure or kill a human or animal is far below the level of current required for a fuse to blow or a circuit breaker to trip.

    The Company's GFCI devices provide protection from dangerous electrical shock by sensing leakage of electricity and cutting off power. GFCIs are currently available in three types: circuit breaker, receptacle and portable.  The Company specializes in the portable types of these products. GFCIs constantly monitor electric current, and as long as the amount of current returning from the device is equal to the amount that is directed to the device, the GFCI performs no activities.  Conversely, if there is less current coming back than there is flowing into the device, some portion must be taking a path through a foreign body, thereby creating a hazard. Upon recognizing that condition, the GFCI terminates the flow of electricity instantaneously.  These devices have various commercial and military applications.

    The Company's ALCI devices also provide electrical shock protection and are intended to be used in conjunction with electrical appliances.  ALCIs are designed to be used only in a circuit that has a solidly grounded neutral conductor, and are not intended to be used in place of a GFCI in applications where the GFCI is required. ALCIs are considered "personnel protection" devices.  These products are intended for portable and short-time use, and should be used only while attended; for example, with kitchen appliances, floor care products, hair dryers and the like, which are connected to a power supply circuit by means of a flexible cord terminating in an attachment plug.

    The Company's LCDI devices are intended to reduce the risk of electrical fires by disconnecting power when sensing current leakage between conductors of power cords. The Company's Fire Shield® product lines are approved in the UL classification of LCDIs.  Several years ago, both government and industry research into the major causes of fire led to a search for new, cost-effective methods to prevent electrical fires.  In response to this need, the Company developed and patented Fire Shield®, a product designed to prevent fires caused by damaged or aging appliance power supply cords and extension cords, which have been identified as a leading cause of electrical fires.  In June 1999, the Company announced major enhancements to its Fire Shield® line of appliance power supply cords that added a higher degree of safety against fire and electric shock for two wire appliances. These new capabilities have significant safety benefits to the consumer.  These enhancements are based on feedback from the industry and from the staff of the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission ("CPSC") on the need to protect not only the power cord, but also the internal wiring of the appliance. The latest annual statistics from the CPSC indicate that extension cords, power strips, toaster/toaster ovens, power cords on appliances and household wiring are responsible for over $450 million in residential fire damage, 180 lives lost and 950 injuries.  The Company believes that its Fire Shield® technology will continue to advance as a valued technology for electrical safety and fire protection in the OEM and consumer marketplaces.  The Company believes the addition of surge protection within these devices will even further enhance the value of the product.  The Company's Fire Shield® technology currently addresses four distinct market applications: (i) the Fire Shield® Power Surge Strip - a consumer product; (ii) the Fire Shield® Safety Circuit - an OEM product; (iii) the Fire Shield® Power Cord - an OEM product; and (iv) the Fire Shield® Safety Extension Cord - a consumer product.  The Company believes that its Fire Shield® technology represents a significant opportunity for long-term growth.
 
    The Company's ELCI devices are intended to protect equipment, such as copy machines, printers and computers, from excessive electrical leakage of current that could occur due to the breakdown of insulation between live and grounded parts, which could cause fires and other damage.  Xerox Corporation voluntarily uses the Company's ELCI products to protect certain of its analog business machines.

    The Company’s line of Surge Guard™ and Surge Guard Plus™ products are designed to meet the rigorous requirements of the Recreational Vehicle (“RV”) market.  These products provide surge protection and have both OEM and after-market applications.  In addition, the Company’s recently developed the Surge Guard Automatic Transfer Switch, which incorporates a transfer switch into the functionality of the Surge Guard products, thus eliminating the need for two separate products. 
 
    Impact of New and Revised Product Standards.  The NEC requires ground fault protection on many applications, which are enforced by OSHA and local government building codes and adhered to by most manufacturers. The Company presently focuses its marketing efforts in certain spot markets, which have developed in response to NEC imposed requirements.  The NEC requirements are often incorporated into UL product standards.
 
    In January 1989, high-pressure sprayer/washer manufacturers that desired UL listing of their products were required to include a GFCI and/or double-insulation protection on each electrically driven sprayer/washer.  Sales to this industry were severely impacted in the fiscal years from 1996 through 1999 as the majority of the sprayer/washer manufacturers opted for the lower cost double-insulated technology rather than GFCI technology.  Effective January 1996, the double-insulation provision was eliminated from the National Electric Code, but UL did not update its standard enforcing this change until May 2000.  The revised standard UL 1776, that again required the use of GFCIs for UL listed sprayer/washers, was issued effective as of May 6, 2000.

    Also, Article 625 of the 1996 Edition of the NEC requires electric vehicle ("EV") charging systems to include a system that will protect people against serious electric shock in the event of a ground fault. The Company has shipped product to the majority of the major automobile manufacturers in support of their small EV production builds, and the Company is actively involved with various standards and safety bodies, relating to the electric vehicle, on a worldwide basis.  Sales for the Company's EV safety products remain relatively low due to the small number of electric vehicles produced.  Improvements in battery technology along with mandates from individual states for zero emission vehicles, will determine whether this will be a viable market in the future.

    In July 2001, a requirement was added to the 2002 NEC for cord fire prevention on room air conditioners.  UL Standard 484 for room air conditioners was revised to reflect this change in the NEC and became effective in August 2004.  This requires that room air conditioners be provided with either LDCI or Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter ("AFCI") protected cord sets by their manufacturers.  The Company believes that its Fire Shield® cord set will provide manufacturers of room air conditioners with the best solution for this new requirement.
 
    The Company currently manufactures and markets various portable GFCI, ALCI, LCDI and ELCI products, such as plug-in portable adapters, several extension cord models in various lengths, various modules for original equipment manufacturers ("OEM") customers, and variations of such products for voltage differences in both the United States and foreign markets.  The Company also has placed some products with major retailers, primarily Wal-Mart, Home Depot and Radio Shack, as well as with many independent retailers.  The Company's products are also being offered through magazines, catalogs and E-commerce retailers.
 
    License Agreements.  The Company has entered into several license and sales and marketing agreements concerning its portable GFCI, ALCI, ELCI and LCDIs products.  These agreements are intended to assist the Company's market penetration into those areas where it would be difficult for the Company to compete on a direct basis.

    On June 4, 2002, the Company announced the signing of a cross license agreement (the "Agreement") with Tecumseh Products Company ("Tecumseh") for technology that provides improved protection for "Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems" against electrical faults.  The licensed product integrates Tecumseh's proprietary technology relating to the protection of refrigeration compressors with the Company's proprietary Compressor Fault Interrupter ("CFI") technology, which brings an advanced level of protection to refrigeration and air conditioning systems worldwide.  The licensed product is targeted at 15 to 20 million refrigeration and air conditioning systems sold worldwide each year.  Under the term of the Agreement, either party has the right to manufacture and sell the licensed product and a royalty will be paid by the selling party to the other party for the use of its technology.  The Company believes that Tecumseh will launch this product in fiscal 2006 and that will contribute to revenue growth in fiscal 2007.  The Company expects that this product will be UL and International Electrotechnical Commission ("IEC") approved within the next couple of months which approves the product for use in both the United States and the United Kingdom.

    On March 31, 2005,  Applica Consumer Products, Inc. ("Applica") and the Company terminated three license agreements which were related to Applica's use of the Company's Fire Shield® technology.  As a result, the Company received a $50,000 payment from Applica which was recorded in the fourth quarter ended March 31, 2005.

Military Products and Markets

    The Company designs and manufactures products for sale to the military engine generator set controls market.  The Company's expertise in this area is well known, and the Company's performance in product quality and delivery to the United States military and its prime contractors have resulted in the Company being recognized as a leader in this industry.  The Defense Logistics Agency established a program rating system for its suppliers in 1995 for product quality, packaging and on-time deliveries, and since its inception and for the tenth straight year, the Company has been honored as a Best Value Medalist for the highest rating Gold Category, which signifies the Company's commitment to military contract performance.
 
    The Company is currently a supplier of control equipment used in engine generator systems purchased by the United States military and its prime contractors.  The term "control equipment" refers to the electrical controls used to control the electrical power output of the generating systems.  In general, the controls monitor and regulate the operation of engine generator mobile electric generating system sets.  Electric generating systems are basic to all branches of the military, and demand is generally less volatile than products utilized in armaments and missiles.  Sales are made either directly to the government for support parts or to prime contractors for new electric generator sets which incorporate the Company's products.  The Company is a qualified supplier for 37 control equipment products as required by the Department of Defense and is a supplier of the following types of control equipment, among others: protective relays and relay assemblies, instrumentation transducer controls, fault locating panel indicators, current transformer assemblies for current sensing control and instrumentation, motor operated circuit breaker assemblies and electrical load board and voltage change board assemblies.  These products are also furnished for spare parts support for existent systems in the military inventory.

    In 1989, the Company completed the redesign of the control equipment related to the 5/10/15/30/60KW Tactical Quiet Generator ("TQG") Systems programs.  The Company is currently actively supplying these parts to Fermont, a division of Engineered Support Systems, Inc., which is the prime contractor.  In addition, the Company is also supplying to Fermont control equipment related to the 3KW TQG systems program which first began in November 1998.  Sales to Fermont were $5,003,070 in fiscal 2005 and $4,545,847 in fiscal 2004, an increase of 10%.  The Company also supplies such products for maintenance and spare parts support directly to the U.S. military.  Direct U.S. military sales, which include these products and those mentioned below, decreased from $6,892,693 in fiscal 2004 to $6,368,386 in fiscal 2005, a decrease of 8%.  Sales other than to Fermont or the U.S. military were $898,125 in fiscal 2005, up from $865,723 in fiscal 2004, an increase of 4%.

    The Company furnishes various types of A.C. power monitors to the military for its U.S. Navy vessels. These monitors provide system protection for the electrical distribution systems that are used on all classes of U.S. Navy surface vessels, such as minesweepers, destroyers, guided missile cruisers and aircraft carriers in addition to other types of naval vessels. The monitors meet the environmental and stringent U.S. Navy high shock, vibration and endurance testing requirements, and they are furnished for new vessel production, retrofit upgrades and existing vessel spare part support.

    In addition, the Company provides both A.C. and D.C. power monitoring systems, which include voltage regulators, power transformers, A.C. over current and short circuit protection monitor assemblies and current sensing transformers for the military's armored-tracked vehicles. These products must pass highly accelerated stress screening and vehicle road testing at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds of the United States Department of Defense.

    The Company's panel mount GFCI is the only GFCI device that is approved and qualified by the Department of Defense for use on its mobile-tactical generating systems.

    The Company's contracts with the U.S. Government are on a fixed-price bid basis. As with all fixed-price contracts, whether government or commercial, the Company may not be able to negotiate higher prices to cover losses should unexpected manufacturing costs be incurred.

    All government contracts contain a provision that allows for cancellation by the government "for convenience."  However, the government must pay for costs incurred and a percentage of profits expected if a contract is canceled.  Contract disputes may arise which could result in a suspension of such contract or a reduction in the amounts claimed.


Testing and Qualification

    A number of the Company's commercial products must be tested and approved by UL or an approved testing laboratory.  UL publishes certain "Standards of Safety" which various types of products must meet and perform specific tests to ascertain whether the products meet the prescribed standards.  If a product passes these tests, it receives UL approval. Once the Company's products have been initially tested and qualified by UL, they are subject to regular field checks and quarterly reviews and evaluations.  UL may withdraw its approval for such products if they fail to pass these tests and if prompt corrective action is not taken.  The Company's portable electrical safety products have received UL approval.  In addition, certain of the Company's portable GFCI, ALCI and ELCI products have successfully undergone similar testing procedures conducted by comparable governmental testing facilities in Europe, Canada and Japan.
 
    As a result of a National Electrical Manufacturers Association ("NEMA") sponsored investigation of the long-term performance and installations of GFCI Dual Outlet Receptacles across the United States, UL announced on November 1, 2001 that it would toughen the test standard for all such devices, which included the Company's portable GFCI devices.  All of the Company's GFCI devices were required to be re-tested and re-certified by January 1, 2003, according to the published UL timetable.  The re-certification tested for 1) expanded surge requirements, 2) new requirements for moisture and corrosion, and 3) new requirements for reverse line-load miswiring. Of those products that represent significant revenues to the Company, re-certification is 100% complete.

    The Company's military products are subject to testing and qualification standards imposed by the U. S. Government.  The Company has established a quality control system, which has been qualified by the United States Department of Defense to operate under the requirements of a particular specification (MIL-I-45208).  To the extent the Company designs a product that it believes meets those specifications, it submits the product to the responsible government-testing laboratory.  Upon issue of the qualification approval and source listing, the product is rarely subject to re-qualification; however, the U. S. Government may disqualify a product if it is subject to frequent or excessive operational failures.  In addition, the Company's governmental contracts provide that the current specifications and requirements could be changed at any time, which could require the Company to redesign its existing products or to develop new products which would have to be submitted for testing and qualification prior to their approval for purchase by the military or its prime contractors.  Certain contracts also require witness testing and acceptance by government inspectors prior to shipment of the product.

    The Company's wholly owned foreign subsidiary, TRC/Honduras S.A. de C.V. is an ISO 2000 certified manufacturing facility and an approved supplier to several major corporations, and holds UL, Canadian Standards Association ("CSA") and the German standards association, Verband Deutsher Elektrotechniker ("VDE"), approvals.

Environmental Regulations
 
    The Company's operations involve the use of hazardous and toxic materials and is subject to federal, state and local laws governing the use, storage and handling of such materials.  The Company falls under the Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators Rule as define by the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") due to the small amounts of hazardous waste that it generates each year, and the cost of disposing such materials is not material to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
Design and Manufacturing

    The Company currently designs almost all of the products that it produces and generally will not undertake special design work for customers unless it receives a contract or purchase order to produce the resulting products.  The Company continues to work with foreign licensees to design products for foreign markets.  A significant number of the Company's commercial and military electronic products are specialized in that they combine both electronic and magnetic features in design and production.

    The business of an electronics manufacturer such as the Company primarily involves assembly of component parts.  The only products that the Company manufactures from raw materials consist of its transformers and magnetic products.  The manufacture of such products primarily involves the winding of wire around magnetic ferrite cores.  The Company molds most of its own plastic parts for its commercial product lines at its manufacturing facility in Honduras.  The remainder of the products that the Company manufactures is assembled from component parts that are produced or distributed by other companies.
 
    On February 3, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors approved the incorporation of TRC/Honduras, S.A. de C.V., a wholly owned Company, for the purpose of manufacturing the Company's high-volume products.  TRC/Honduras, S.A. de C.V. leases 58,000 square feet of property which is located in ZIP San Jose, a free trade zone and industrial park, located in San Pedro Sula, Honduras.  The benefits of being located in a free trade zone include no Honduran duties on imported raw materials or equipment, no sales or export tax on exported finished product, no federal income tax for any profits generated by the subsidiary, and various other benefits.

    As a result of increasing manufacturing costs in Honduras, the Company moved approximately 30-40% of its Honduran production in fiscal 2004 to a contract manufacturer in China with which the Company had acquired substantial experience prior to its setting up operations in Honduras.  In fiscal 2005, the Company established manufacturing capability for the emerging room air conditioning market in the same geographical areas as those of the room air conditioning manufacturers, whether it be in China, India or in Honduras for the U.S. requirements.
 
    The Company continues to manufacture its military products and distribute certain of its commercial products, which are manufactured off-shore, through its 43,000 square foot facility in Clearwater, Florida.


Patents and Trademarks

    The Company holds eight patents in the U.S., seven in Great Britain, four in Italy and Germany, three France and Australia and one in Canada, Sweden and Japan with respect to the Company's products giving rise to portable GFCI and Fire Shield® technologies.  Several other patent applications have been filed by the Company and are awaiting action, and the issuance of patents with respect thereto will complement the Company's core technology and products.  The Company's U.S. patents will be valid for either 20 years from filing or 17 years from date of issue in the United States.  The term of the Company's patents in all other countries vary from 15 to 20 years.

    The life of certain patents, related to the Company's GFCI devices, have recently expired, and others will expire within the next few years.  The Company is unable to predict how that might affect its business.  The Company believes, however, that the success of its business depends more on the technical and engineering expertise, marketing and service abilities of its employees than on patents, trademarks and copyrights.  Nevertheless, the Company owns several patents and has a policy of seeking patents when appropriate on inventions concerning new products and improvements as part of its ongoing research, development and manufacturing activities.  Furthermore, although the Company vigorously protects its patents, there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar products, duplicate the Company's products or design around the patents issued to the Company or that foreign intellectual property laws will protect the Company's intellectual property rights in any foreign country.
 
    On February 25, 2003, the Company was issued a patent for a protection system for devices connected to an alternating current electrical power supply.  The patent relates to technology that provides additional user safety intended for application on electrical appliances and equipment such as small hand tools and kitchen appliances (e.g. toasters, toaster ovens, steam irons, coffee makers, etc.)  In addition to electric shock protection, the technology also provides the ability to detect and prevent a variety of potentially hazardous electrical conditions such as excessive heat, flame, electrical insulation breakdowns and pressure buildups.  When such hazardous conditions occur, the power supply is shut off, and an audible and/or visual alarm is activated.

    The Company has registered its TRC trademark with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.  The Company's Shock Shield®, Electra Shield® and Fire Shield® brand names are also registered trademarks of the Company.


Marketing

    The Company's products are sold throughout the world, primarily through an in-house sales force, licensees and sales and marketing agreements.  The Company will continue to market existing and new products through these channels.  In addition, the Company is looking for other viable channels through which to market its products.  The Company relies significantly upon the marketing skills and experience, as well as the business experience, of the management of the Company in marketing its products.

    The Company complements its sales and marketing activities through the use of additional distributors and sales representative organizations.  The Company's internal distribution division, TRC Distribution, is supported by approximately 30 independent sales representatives who sell to over 1,500 electrical, industrial and safety distributors.

    The Company exhibits its products at numerous trade shows, which have resulted in new commercial markets including the recreational vehicle industry and the appliance industry.

    The Company also markets through OEMs, both domestically and internationally, that sell the Company's products as a component of an end user product or under their own brand labels.  The Company continues to implemented a "value add" upgrade strategy, which provides finished product to those who brand label the Company’s product and who are currently only receiving subassembly modules.  The Company's plastic and receptacle molding capabilities are a key factor in providing "value add" upgrades to its customers.
 
    The Company has no relationship with any of its customers except as a supplier of product.  One particular customer has help fund the development of a product for which the Company will supply to that customer.

    The Company offers its customers no specific product liability protection except with regards to those customers that are specifically named as "Broad Form Vendors" under its product liability coverage. The Company does extend protection to purchasers in the event there is a claimed patent infringement that pertains to the Company's portion of the final product.  The Company also carries product and general liability insurance for protection in such cases.


Major Customers and Exports
 
    Significant customers who accounted for 10% or more of revenues, and aggregate exports were:
 
   
 Year ended March 31,
 
         
Customer
 2005
 2004
 2003
                         
U.S. Military (direct sales)
   $
6,368,386
     
 6,892,693
     
 2,850,188
 
Fermont, a division of ESSI, a U.S. Government
        Prime Contractor
   
 
 5,003,070
     
 
 4,545,847
     
 
 3,937,999
 
 
            Total sales for major customers
 
 
 $

11,371,456 
     

 11,438,540 
     

 6,788,187 
 
                         
Exports:                      
   Canada    $
 25,305
     
 344,020
     
 417,094
 
   Far East    
 6,292,584
     
 1,389,773
     
 1,020,078
 
   Europe    
 2,239,319
     
 2,207,887
     
 2,632,357
 
   Australia    
 4,898
     
 28,303
     
 36,020
 
   South America    
 6,544
     
 13,867
     
 6,484
 
   Middle East    
 26,209
     
 23,770
     
 14,257
 
 
       Total exports
   $

8,594,859
     

  4,007,620
     

 4,126,290 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

    The Company's military product sales are primarily to military procurement logistic agencies for field service support on previously shipped military equipment and to OEM prime contractors of electric generators.  In fiscal 2005, military sales were approximately 31% of total sales, compared to 51% in fiscal 2004.  Direct sales to the U.S. military were down 8%, sales to Fermont were up 10%, and overall, military sales remained steady year to year.  Direct U.S. military sales accounted for 16% while Fermont accounted for 13% of the Company's total sales for fiscal 2005, compared to 28% and 19%, respectively, for fiscal 2004.

    The Company's exports were up 114% in fiscal 2005, compared to the prior year, primarily due to RAC product shipments to customers located in the Far East.  All other exports to the Company's international OEM customers were relatively flat year over year.


Competition

    The commercial and military business of the Company is highly competitive.

    In the commercial market, the Company has significant competition, except with respect to its Fire Shield® products.  As a result, the Company may not be able to maintain current profit margins due to price erosion.  The Company believes, however, that product knowledge, patented technology, ability to respond quickly to customer requirements, positive customer relations, price, technical background and industry experience are major operational factors with respect to which it compares favorably with its competitors. 
 
    In the military market, the Company must compete with other companies, some being larger and some smaller than the Company and acting as suppliers of similar products to prime government contractors.  The Company believes that knowledge of the procurement process, engineering and technical support, price and delivery are major competitive factors in the military market.  The Company believes that it has competitive strengths in all of these areas due to senior management's involvement in the government procurement process and experience in the design engineering requirements for military equipment.  A substantial portion of spare part procurement is set aside for small business concerns, which are defined in general as entities that do not exceed 750 employees.  Because the Company is classified as a small business concern, it qualifies for such set aside procurements for which larger competitors are not qualified.  The entry barriers to the military market are significant because of the need, in most cases, for products to pass government tests and qualifications.


Research, Development and Engineering

    The Company employs 20 persons in the Engineering Department, all of whom are engaged either full or part-time in research and development activities.  This department is engaged in designing and developing new commercial and military products and improving existing products to meet the needs of the Company's customers.

    In connection with its efforts to develop new products, the Company's ground fault sensing and leakage current detection products continue to be more widely accepted in the marketplace.  And accordingly, the Company will continue to modify existing and/or design new products to compete in these new markets.
 
    The Company spent $2,034,385 in fiscal 2005, $1,380,295 in fiscal 2004 and $1,225,651 in fiscal 2003 on research, development and engineering activities, and the Company anticipates spending levels to be at approximately 5% of revenues in fiscal 2006.  All engineering activities are expensed as incurred with some funding being received from time to time by customers for special projects. Such funding was less than 2% of the overall engineering budget for fiscal 2005.

Employees

      Overall, the Company and its subsidiary employed an average of approximately 600 employees throughout fiscal 2005.  As of March 31, 2005, the Company employed 107 persons on a full time basis at its headquarters in Clearwater, Florida, and of that total 54 employees were engaged in manufacturing operations, 20 in engineering, 18 in marketing and 15 in administration.  The number of persons employed at the Company's Honduran subsidiary increased from 220 to 905 in fiscal 2005 due to the ramp up of production for U.S. requirements of the new RAC market.  As of March 31, 2005, 895 employees were engaged in manufacturing operations and 10 in administration.  Due to the seasonality of the RAC market and depending on future RAC production requirements placed on the Company's Honduran facility, the number of personnel may vary significantly from the first half of the Company's fiscal year compared to the second half of the fiscal year.

    None of the Company's employees are represented by a collective bargaining unit, and the Company considers its relations with employees to be stable.  While the Company believes it has established good relations with its local labor force in both the United States and Honduras, its reliance upon a foreign manufacturing facility subjects the Company to risks inherent in international operations.  Competition for management, technical, manufacturing, sales and support personnel is intense, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in attracting or retaining such personnel.

Risk Factors

         Shareholders and investors should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with the other information contained in this Annual Report, before making any investment decision with respect to the Company's securities:
  •  Failure to achieve our growth strategy
  •  Access to capital to fund growth
  •  Unavailability and cost increases in raw materials and components
  •  The loss of or significant decrease in sales to large customers
  •  Adverse changes in the operations of global manufacturing facilities
  •  Interruptions in manufacturing operations
  •  Infringement or loss of proprietary rights
  •  Seasonality
  •  Competition from larger companies that produce similar products
  •  Newly acquired businesses or product lines
  •  Government regulations could adversely impact our operations
    Failure to achieve our growth strategy.  The Company has adopted the following strategic objectives:
  • to increase profitability by improving operating efficiencies;
  • to strengthen and expand its markets and distribution channels;
  • to broaden the applications within target markets for its existing products;
  • to expand the scope of its product content;
  • to expand its manufacturing capabilities;
  • to maintain a conservative capital structure; and
  • to pursue strategic acquisitions to the extent favorable opportunities are presented.
    Any or all of these objectives may not be realized or, if realized, may not result in increased revenue, profitability or market presence.  Executing the Company’s strategy may also place a strain on its production, information technology systems and other resources.  To manage the growth effectively, the Company must maintain a high level of manufacturing quality and efficiency, properly manage its third party suppliers, continue to enhance its operational, financial and management systems, including its database management, inventory control and distribution systems, and expand, train and manage its employee base, especially as it relates to the Company’s manufacturing plans to service the emerging room air conditioning market.  The Company may not be able to effectively manage its growth in any one or more of these areas. 
 
    The scope, complexity and timing of the emerging RAC market is placing new and increased demands on the Company's production capabilities, information technology systems and other resources.  To manage the growth effectively, the Company must: (i) maintain a high level of manufacturing quality and efficiency; (ii) properly manage its third party suppliers and independent sub-contract manufacturers; (iii) continue to enhance its operational, financial and management systems, including its database management, inventory control and distribution systems; (iv) expand, train and manage its employee base; (v) compete with aggressive price cutting by competitors; and (vi) vigorously protect and defend its Fire Shield® patents and intellectual property.  As a result, the Company will be challenged to effectively capture, manage and maintain the growth expected from this new market.
 
    Unavailability and cost increases in raw materials and components.  Raw materials and components constitute a significant portion of the Company’s cost of goods.  Factors that are largely beyond the Company’s control, such as movements in commodity prices for the specific materials required, may affect the future cost of raw materials and components.  As an example, the Company’s products require a substantial amount of plastic. Because the primary resource used in manufactured plastics is petroleum, the cost and availability of plastic varies to a great extent with the price of petroleum.  Recently, the Company has experienced increases in prices of plastic, as well as steel, aluminum and copper, which could continue in fiscal 2006.

    In addition, any inability of the Company’s suppliers to timely deliver raw materials or components or any unanticipated changes in our suppliers could be disruptive and costly.  Any significant failure by the Company to obtain raw materials on a timely basis at an affordable cost or any significant delays or interruptions of supply would have a material adverse effect on the Company.

    The loss of or significant decrease in sales to large customers.  The Company must receive a continuous flow of new orders from its large customers.  Failure to obtain anticipated orders or delays or cancellations of orders or significant pressure to reduce prices from key customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company.  In addition, as a result of the desire to more closely manage inventory levels, there is a growing trend in business, especially in retail, to make purchases on a “just-in-time” basis.  This requires the Company to shorten its lead time for production in certain cases and more closely anticipate demand, which could in the future require the carrying of additional inventories or require additional expenses to expedite delivery.

    Adverse changes in the operations of global manufacturing facilities.  The Company manufactures a significant number of products in Honduras and obtains a significant proportion of the raw materials and sub-assembly components used in the manufacturing of its products outside the United States.  In fiscal 2005, the Company entered into additional contract manufacturing relationships in China and India to accommodate the requirements of the emerging room air conditioner market.  International operations are subject to risks including, among others:
  • labor unrest;
  • political instability;
  • lack of developed infrastructure;
  • longer payment cycles and greater difficulty in collecting accounts;
  • import and export duties and quotas;
  • changes in domestic and international customs and tariffs;
  • unexpected changes in regulatory environments;
  • difficulty in complying with a variety of foreign laws;
  • difficulty in obtaining distribution and support; and
  • potentially adverse tax consequences.
    Labor in Honduras has historically been readily available and at cost in the median range as compared to labor costs available in other nations; however, the Company cannot be assured that labor will continue to be available in Honduras at costs consistent with historical levels.  A substantial increase in labor costs could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s result of operations.

     Interruptions in Manufacturing Operations.  Approximately 50% of the Company’s revenues are derived from products manufactured or assembled at the Company’s manufacturing facility in Honduras and by contract manufacturers located in China.  These manufacturing facilities are subject to hazards that could result in material damage to any such facilities.  Such damage to or prolonged interruption in the operations of such facilities for repairs, labor disruption or other reasons, would have a material adverse effect on the Company.

    Infringement or Loss of Proprietary Rights.  The Company believes that its rights in owned and licensed names are of increasing importance to its business success and that its ability to create demand for its products is dependent to a large extent on its ability to exploit these trademarks, especially with regard to its Fire Shield® brand name.  There can be no assurance as to the breadth or degree of protection that these trademarks may afford the Company, or that it will be able to successfully leverage its trademarks in the future.  The costs associated with protecting its intellectual property rights, including litigation costs, may be material.  The Company also cannot be sure that it will be able to successfully assert its intellectual property rights or that these rights will not be invalidated, circumvented or challenged.  Any inability to do so, particularly with respect to names in which the Company has made significant capital investments, or a successful intellectual property challenge or infringement proceeding against the Company, could have a material adverse effect on the Company.  With respect to its applications for patents, there can be no assurance that any patents will be obtained.  If obtained, there can be no assurance that such patents will afford the Company commercially significant protection of its technologies or that it will have adequate resources to enforce its patents.

    Seasonality.  Historically, the Company’s business has not been materially seasonal, but to the extent that the Company continues to participate in the new room air conditioner market, revenues may vary significantly from quarter to quarter.  The normal manufacturing cycle for room air conditioners is typically from late fall through early spring which would result in higher revenues during the Company’s third and fourth quarters.  This seasonality may also result in cash layouts or additional interest expense due to an increased need to borrow funds to maintain sufficient working capital to support such increased demand.

    Competition from larger companies that produce similar products.  The markets for the Company’s products are highly competitive.  The Company believes that competition is based upon several factors, including price, quality, access to retail shelf space, product features and enhancements, brand names, new product introductions, marketing support and distribution systems.  The Company competes with established companies, a number of which have substantially greater facilities, personnel, financial and other resources.  Some competitors may be willing to reduce prices and accept lower profit margins to compete with the Company.  As a result of this competition, the Company could lose market share and sales, or be forced to reduce its prices to meet competition.

    Newly Acquired Businesses or Product Lines.  The Company may acquire partial or full ownership in businesses or may acquire rights to market and distribute particular products or lines of products. The acquisition of a business or of the rights to market specific products or use specific product names may involve a financial commitment, either in the form of cash or stock consideration.  There is no guarantee that the acquired businesses or product lines will contribute positively to earnings.  The anticipated synergies may not materialize, cost savings may be less than expected, sales of products may not meet expectations, and acquired businesses may carry unexpected liabilities.
 
    Government Regulations Could Adversely Impact Our Operations.  Throughout the world, most federal, state, provincial and local authorities require Underwriters Laboratory, Inc. or other safety regulation certification prior to marketing electrical products in those jurisdictions.  Most of the Company’s products have such certifications; however, there can be no assurance that its products will continue to meet such specifications.  Many foreign, federal, state and local governments also have enacted laws and regulations that govern the labeling and packaging of products and limit the sale of product containing certain materials deemed to be environmentally sensitive.  A determination that the Company’s products are not in compliance with such rules and regulations could result in the imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants.
 
     Regarding compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting, currently unknown, may be identified as the Company documents, tests and assesses such controls.

    The risks listed above are not the only risks that the Company faces.  Additional risks that are not yet known or that the Company believes to be immaterial may also impair business operations.


ITEM 2.  DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY.

    The Company's executive offices and U.S. manufacturing facility are located on 4.7 acres of leased land in the St. Petersburg-Clearwater Airport Industrial Park. The lease, with options, extends for 40 years until 2021 and is subject to certain price escalation provisions every five years.  This leased land is adequate to enable the Company to expand this facility to 60,000 square feet.  The present facility provides a total of 43,000 square feet, including 10,000 square feet of offices and engineering areas, as well as 23,000 square feet of production area and 10,000 square feet of warehouse space.

    The Company's wholly-owned subsidiary in Honduras, TRC Honduras S.A. de C.V., leases 58,000 square feet of building space from ZIP San Jose, an industrial park located in San Pedro Sula, Honduras.  These facilities include 10,000 square feet of office area, as well as 30,000 square feet of production area and 18,000 square feet of warehouse space.    TRC Honduras S.A. de C.V. produces the majority of the Company's commercial products.

 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

    The Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business.  In the opinion of the Company, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
 
ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

    No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2005.
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SECURITY HOLDER MATTERS

    The Company's shares of Common Stock are registered under Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are traded in the over-the-counter market utilizing the NASDAQ trading system, to which the Company gained admittance in December 1984 under the symbol "TRCI".  In November 1995, NASDAQ approved the Company's application for listing on the National Market System.  The following tables set forth a range of high and low market prices for the Company's Common Stock for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 as reported by NASDAQ, and the dividends declared with respect to each quarter ended within such years.
 
     
                                 Market Price                                 
         
Fiscal Year Ended    
 High
     
 Low
     
 Cash Dividends
 
   March 31, 2005:                        
       First quarter     $
 16.30
     
 10.25
      $
 0.015
 
       Second quarter    
 12.75
     
   5.86
     
 0.015
 
       Third quarter    
   8.25
     
   6.31
     
 0.015
 
       Fourth quarter    
   7.45
     
   4.95
     
 0.015
 
                   
 
  $

 0.060
 
   March 31, 2004:                  
 

 
       First quarter     $
   4.25
     
   2.33
      $
 0.015
 
       Second quarter    
   8.35
     
   3.65
     
 0.015
 
       Third quarter    
 20.50
     
   6.76
     
 0.015
 
       Fourth quarter    
 23.00
     
 10.02
     
 0.015
 
                   
 
  $

 0.060
 
                     
 

 
    As of May 31, 2005, the approximate number of the Company's record shareholders was 340. This number does not include any adjustment for shareholders beneficially owning common stock held of record by any institutional fiduciary, which the Company believes to represent an additional 3,658 shareholders.

    The Company's authorized capital stock, as of May 31, 2005, consisted of 10,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.51, of which 5,774,875 shares were outstanding.
 
    As of the record date of March 31, 2003, the Company increased its quarterly cash dividend from $.01 per share to $.015 per share.  Dividends of $.06 per share and $.06 per share were paid by the Company in fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004, respectively.
 
    To Company's debt covenants restrict dividends paid by the Company to the greater of 50% of operating profits for the previous twelve months on a rolling basis or $360,000.
 
ITEM 6.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies

         The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures, in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles, requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the amounts reported. Certain of these significant accounting policies are considered to be critical accounting policies, as defined below. 

         A critical accounting policy is defined as one that is both material to the presentation of the Company’s financial statements and requires management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.  Specifically, critical accounting estimates have the following attributes:  i) the Company is required to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time of the estimate; and ii) different estimates the Company could reasonably have used, or changes in the estimates actually used resulting from events that could be reasonably foreseen as likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

         Estimates and assumptions about future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty.  The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be applicable and reasonable under the circumstances.  These estimates may change as new events occur, as additional information is obtained and as the Company’s operating environment changes.  These changes have historically been minor and have been included in the consolidated financial statements once known.  In addition, management is periodically faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within its control and will not be known for prolonged periods of time.  These uncertainties are discussed in the sections above entitled Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors.  Based on a critical assessment of its accounting policies and the underlying judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, management believes that the Company’s consolidated financial statements are fairly stated in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles and present a meaningful presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. 

    Management believes that the following are critical accounting policies:

    Revenue Recognition.  The Company recognizes revenue from commercial customers when an order has been received, pricing is fixed, title to the product has passed and collectibility is reasonably assured.  Title generally passes upon shipment to the customer; however, in a limited number of cases, title passes upon receipt of shipment by the customer.  There are no customer acceptance provisions included in the Company's sales contracts and the Company has no installation obligation subsequent to product shipment.  Similarly, revenue from sales to distributors is recognized as title passes to them without additional involvement or obligation.  Collection of receivables related to distributor sales is not contingent upon subsequent sales to third parties. 
 
    The Company may enter into government contracts that fall within the scope of Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts (SOP 81-1) ("non-standard" products) or fall outside the scope of SOP 81-1 ("standard" products).  For government contracts within the scope of SOP 81-1, the Company records revenue under a units of delivery model with revenues and costs equal to the average unit value times the number of units delivered.  Any estimated loss on an overall contract would be recognized in the period determined in accordance with SOP 81-1.  For government contracts outside the scope of SOP 81-1, the Company records revenue the same as commercial customers discussed above and would record a loss in the event the costs to fulfill a government contract are in excess of the associated revenues.  The Company has not experienced past losses on government contracts.  The Company accrues minimum royalties due from customers over the related royalty period.  Royalties earned in excess of minimum royalties due are recognized as reported by the licensees.  The Company enters into license agreements and receives nonrefundable license fees in exchange for the use of technology previously developed by the Company. 
 
    The licensee receives the right to manufacture and sell certain products within specified geographic areas.  The nonrefundable license fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as income on a straight-line basis over the exclusivity period of the agreement.  A termination or change to the initial license agreement could result in an accelerated recognition of the deferred revenue.  License fees are included in royalty revenue.

    Inventory Valuation.  The Company's financial statements include an estimate associated with the determination of the lower of cost or market valuation with respect to inventories. Various assumptions and other factors underlie the determination of this estimate.  The process of determining this estimate is fact specific and takes into account primarily historical experience and expected economic conditions.  The Company evaluates this estimate on a monthly basis and makes adjustments each quarter where facts and circumstances dictate.  The Company evaluates all inventories which has not had activity for the most recent 12 months.

    Income Taxes.  Significant management judgment is required in developing the Company’s provision for income taxes, including the determination of any accrual for tax contingencies, any foreign withholding taxes or any United States income taxes on undistributed earnings of the foreign subsidiary, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances that might be required to be applied against the deferred tax assets.  It is the Company's intention to reinvest undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiary and thereby indefinitely postpone their repatriation.  Accordingly, no provision has been made for foreign withholding taxes or United States income taxes which may become payable if undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiary are paid as dividends to the Company.  The Company applies the Comparable Profits Method for transfer pricing to determine the amounts its subsidiary charges to the parent.
 
    Warranty.  The Company generally provides a one year warranty period for all of its products.  The Company also provides coverage on certain of its surge products for "downstream" damage of products not manufactured by the Company.  The Company's warranty provision represents management's estimate of probable liabilities, calculated as a function of sales volume and historical repair experience for each product under warranty.
 
    Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.  The Company records an allowance for estimated losses resulting from the inability of isolated customers to make timely payments of amounts due on account of product purchases.  The Company assess the credit worthiness of its customers based on multiple sources of information, including publicly available credit data, subscription based credit reports, trade association data, and analyze factors such as historical bad debt experience, changes in customer payment terms or payment patterns, credit risk related to industry and geographical location and economic trends. This assessment requires significant judgment.  If the financial condition of the Company's customers were to worsen, additional write-offs could be required, resulting in write-offs not included in the Company's current allowance for doubtful accounts.

    Impairment of Long-Lived Assets.  The Company reviews long-lived assets for possible impairment of carrying value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.  In evaluating the fair value and future benefit of the Company's assets, management performs an analysis of the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows to be derived from the use of individual assets over their remaining amortization period.  If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its anticipated undiscounted cash flows, the Company recognizes an impairment loss equal to the difference between its carrying value and its fair value.
 
 
Results of Operations

Fiscal 2005 and 2004 Comparison

         Revenues for fiscal 2005 were $39,433,347, compared to $24,336,637 reported in fiscal 2004, an increase of 62%.  The increase in commercial revenues was primarily attributed to RAC product shipments and strong growth in the Company’s core commercial business.  Military revenues remain steady due to solid demand for its control devices related to the Tactical Quiet Generator programs for both existing and new systems.  The increase in royalty income was due to cancellation fees recorded in the fourth quarter related to the termination of certain license agreements with Applica Inc. pertaining the use of the Company's Fire Shield® technology.

         Gross profit was 25% of total revenues for fiscal 2005, compared to 39% in fiscal 2004. The major factors impacting the Company’s gross profit during the year were (i) higher than planned startup expenses at its Honduran manufacturing facility and at its three Far East contract manufacturers to produce the new Fire Shield® LCDI Power Cords for use on room air conditioners; (ii) significant additional freight costs which the Company incurred to meet its RAC customers’ delivery requirements; and (iii) competitive pricing required to capture market share in the new RAC market.  Having established the framework for the RAC business in fiscal 2005, the Company expects to achieve higher profit margins in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005.

         Selling and marketing expense was $2,546,210, or 6.5% of revenues, for fiscal 2005, compared to $2,393,868, or 9.8% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, an increase of $152,342, or 6%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $41,859 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, $65,991 for outside sales commissions and $47,183 in travel expense.  All other selling and marketing expenses decreased by $2,691 over the comparable year.  The Company expects selling and marketing expense as a percentage of revenues to remain approximately the same in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005.
 
         General and administrative expense was $2,592,630, or 6.6% of revenues, for fiscal 2005, compared to $1,911,111, or 7.9% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, an increase of $681,519, or 36%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $372,871 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, $112,477 of shareholder/board of director expenses, $140,063 for audit and legal fees and $54,247 for D&O insurance.  All other general and administrative expenses increased by $1,861 over the comparable years.  The Company expects general and administrative expense as a percentage of revenues to remain approximately the same in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005.
 
         Research and development expense was $2,034,385, or 5.2% of revenues, for fiscal 2005, compared to $1,380,295, or 5.7% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, an increase of $654,090, or 47%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $477,598 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, $135,879 of UL fees and $58,073 for additional outside testing services, all of which were related to the support of the new room air conditioner market.  All other research and development expenses decreased by $17,460 over the comparable years.  The Company expects research and development expense as a percentage of revenues to remain approximately the same in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005.
 
         Other income (expense) was ($18,855) for fiscal 2005, compared to $14,853 for fiscal 2004.  The change was due to interest expense related to the Company's borrowings on its line of credit, whereas in the prior year, the Company had no debt and recorded interest income on higher cash balances.  The Company expects to have decreased debt in fiscal 2006 compared to fiscal 2005.

         Income taxes as a percent of income before income taxes were 23% for fiscal 2005, compared to 30% in fiscal 2004.  The Company's effective tax rate varies based on the mix of income before income taxes derived from the Company's Honduran subsidiary, which is not subject to income taxes, and the balance of income before income taxes, which is subject to income taxes.  At each reporting period, the Company makes its best estimate of the effective tax rate expected for the full fiscal year and applies that rate to the current year-to-date income before income taxes.  Any difference between the current and preceding estimated effective tax rate expected for the full fiscal year is reflected as an adjustment in the current quarter's income tax expense.  In accordance with SFAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, the Company does not record deferred income taxes on the foreign undistributed earnings of an investment in a foreign subsidiary that is essentially permanent in duration.  The Company’s Honduran subsidiary is profitable which decreases the effective tax rate of the Company.  If circumstances change, and it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of the subsidiary will be remitted in the foreseeable future, but U.S. income taxes have not been recognized by the Company, the Company will record as an expense of the current period the U.S. income taxes attributed to that remittance.  The Company expects its effective income tax rate to be approximately 25-30% in fiscal 2006.

         Net income was $2,012,509 for fiscal 2005, compared to $2,676,156 reported in fiscal 2004, a decrease of 25%.  Basic earnings were $.35 per share and diluted earnings were $.34 per share in fiscal 2005, compared to basic earnings of $.48 per share and diluted earnings of $.46 per share for fiscal 2004.    Net income was negatively impacted in fiscal 2005 by higher operating expenses and lower gross profit margins as described above. 

Fiscal 2004 and 2003 Comparison

         Revenues for fiscal 2004 were $24,336,637, compared to $17,761,936 reported in fiscal 2003, an increase of 37%.  The increase in commercial revenues was primarily attributed to product expansion in retail stores.  New accounts in the Recreational Vehicle, Brand Label and Commercial Distribution markets contributed to the remainder of the growth.  Military revenues were positively impacted in fiscal 2004 due to the increased demand, resulting from expanded U.S. military operations, for the Company's support parts and control devices related to both new and existing Tactical Quiet Generator systems.

         Gross profit was 39% of total revenues for fiscal 2004, compared to 33% in fiscal 2003.  The improvement was primarily the result of product mix plus productivity and quality improvements in manufacturing.

         Selling and marketing expense was $2,393,868, or 9.8% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, compared to $1,854,671, or 10.4% of revenues, for fiscal 2003, an increase of $539,197, or 29%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $289,555 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, $139,038 of advertising costs, $70,146 for outside sales commissions, $21,623 of product samples, $18,846 of travel expense, $13,316 of professional fees and $6,263 of insurance expense.  All other selling and marketing expenses decreased by $19,590 over the comparable year.
 
         General and administrative expense was $1,911,111, or 7.9% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, compared to $1,335,667, or 7.5% of revenues, for fiscal 2003, an increase of $575,444, or 43%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $381,428 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, $65,667 of professional fees and $50,033 of insurance expense, $24,000 of bad debt expense, $15,544 in charitable contributions, $14,697 of shareholder/board of director expenses and $12,815 of travel expense.  All other general and administrative expenses increased by $11,260 over the comparable years.
 
         Research and development expense was $1,380,295, or 5.7% of revenues, for fiscal 2004, compared to $1,225,651, or 6.9% of revenues, for fiscal 2003, an increase of $154,644, or 13%.  The increase over the comparable years was due to $187,250 of salary expense primarily for additional personnel, offset to some extent by UL fees of $43,126 of UL and other expenses of $10,520.  The increase in personnel was related to the design and qualifying of products for the new room air conditioner market.
 
         Other income was 14,853 for fiscal 2004, compared to $6,330 for fiscal 2003, reflecting no debt and interest income on higher cash balances in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003.

         Income taxes as a percent of income before income taxes were 30% for fiscal 2004, compared to 29% in fiscal 2004.  The Company's effective tax rate varies based on the mix of income before income taxes derived from the Company's Honduran subsidiary, which is not subject to income taxes, and the balance of income before income taxes, which is subject to income taxes.  At each reporting period, the Company makes its best estimate of the effective tax rate expected for the full fiscal year and applies that rate to the current year-to-date income before income taxes.  Any difference between the current and preceding estimated effective tax rate expected for the full fiscal year is reflected as an adjustment in the current quarter's income tax expense.  In accordance with SFAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, the Company does not record deferred income taxes on the foreign undistributed earnings of an investment in a foreign subsidiary that is essentially permanent in duration.  The Company’s Honduran subsidiary is profitable which decreases the effective tax rate of the Company.  If circumstances change, and it becomes apparent that some or all of the undistributed earnings of the subsidiary will be remitted in the foreseeable future, but U.S. income taxes have not been recognized by the Company, the Company will record as an expense of the current period the U.S. income taxes attributed to that remittance.

         Net income was $2,676,156 for fiscal 2004, compared to $1,014,791 reported in fiscal 2003, an increase of 164%.  Basic earnings were $.48 per share and diluted earnings were $.46 per share in fiscal 2004, compared to basic and diluted earnings of $.19 per share for fiscal 2003.    Net income was positively impacted in fiscal 2004 by higher revenues and gross profit margins as described above. 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

    As of March 31, 2005, the Company's cash and cash equivalents decreased to $815,411 from the March 31, 2004 total of $5,968,122.  Cash used by operating activities was $6,394,275, cash used by investing activities was $3,837,792 and cash provided by financing activities was $5,079,356, resulting in a total decrease of $5,152,711 for fiscal 2005.

    Cash used by operating activities was primarily due to an increase in accounts receivable, inventories and prepaid expense of $9,834,562, $5,827,125 and $308,627, respectively, and a decrease in income taxes payable of $318,854, offset to some extent by net income of $2,012,509, depreciation in the amount of $947,725 and an increase in accounts payable of $6,422,941. The increase in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable was primarily the result of the Company’s increased business.  The increase in prepaid expenses was the result of the advance payments by the Company for its one year Honduran facility lease and for its commercial property and casualty insurances.  The decrease in income taxes payable reflected lower net income.  The use of cash for operating activities is primarily attributed to the new RAC market.  Accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable will increase significantly in the Company's third and fourth quarters, compared to its first and second quarters, due to the seasonal nature of the RAC market.

    Cash used by investing activities was related to purchases of capital equipment in the amount of $3,350,720 to support the ramp up in production for the new RAC market at the Company’s Honduran subsidiary and its Far East contract manufacturers.  In addition, the Company’s invested approximately $480,000 in U.S. Treasury Bills.  The Company expects capital purchases for fiscal 2006 to be more in line with the historical range of $500,000 to $750,000. 
 
    Cash provided by financing activities was due to borrowings under the Company's line of credit in the amount of $5,350,000 and proceeds from exercises of stock options in the amount of $74,113, offset to some extent by the payment of $344,757 in cash dividends.
 
    On December 20, 2004, the Company renegotiated the revolving credit agreement with its institutional lender, extending the maturity date to December 14, 2006.  The new facility provides for borrowings up to $6,000,000, as compared to $3,000,000 under the old facility.  The Company has the option of borrowing at the lender's prime rate of interest minus 100 basis points or the 30-day London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR") plus 160 basis points.  The Company is currently borrowing under the LIBOR option (4.49% rate as of March 31, 2005) as compared to a 2.86% rate as of March 31, 2004.  The loan is collateralized with a perfected first security interest which attaches to all accounts receivable and inventories, and a blanket security interest attaching to all assets, and requires the Company to maintain certain financial ratios and minimum working capital.  As of March 31, 2005, the Company had $5,350,000 in outstanding borrowings, of which $2,350,000 was recorded as long-term debt.   The Company has the right to repay any outstanding borrowings at any time and intends to repay the remaining $3,000,000 prior to March 31, 2006, and accordingly, the Company has classified this amount as a current liability.  The Company was in compliance with the covenants as of March 31, 2005.
 
    On April 14, 2005, the Company entered into a $3,000,000 six-month term loan agreement with its institutional lender.  This credit facility will only be used in the event that the Company's cash requirements extend beyond the existing line of credit noted above.  The provisions of the term loan agreement are substantively identical to those of the existing line of credit.
 
    The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements and no debt relationships other than noted above.
 
    The Company believes cash flow from operations, the available bank borrowings and current short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet its working capital requirements for the next 12 months.
 
 
New Accounting Standards
 
     In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150 - Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.  This statement establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity.  It requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability.  When issued, this statement was effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise for interim periods beginning after June 15, 2003.  Initially, the statement required that all financial instruments meeting its criteria be presented as liabilities rather than as minority interest between the liabilities and equity sections of the balance sheet.  On October 29, 2003, the FASB announced that it had deferred certain provisions of SFAS No. 150.  The Company does not currently have any instruments subject to SFAS No. 150.  Accordingly, final adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
    In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151 - Inventory Costs, to amend the guidance in Chapter 4, "Inventory Pricing", of FASB Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Restatement and Revision of Accounting Research Bulletins.  SFAS No. 151 clarifies the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and waste material (spoilage).  The Statement requires that items be recognized as current-period charges, effective during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005.  Additionally, SFAS No. 151 requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities.  The adoption of SFAS No. 151 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
    In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R) - Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.  SFAS No. 123(R) is a revision of SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance.  This statement establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity for goods and services.  It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair market value of the entity's equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.  The statement requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award.  That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award.  This statement is effective for small business issuers as of the beginning of the first annual period that begins after December 15, 2005.  The application of SFAS No. 123(R) may have a material effect on the Company's future financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.  
 
    On May 25, 2005, in response to the published accounting standard referenced above, the Company's Board of Directors approved accelerating the vesting of all out-of-the-money, unvested stock options held by current employees, including executive officers and directors, effective May 26, 2005.  An option was considered out-of-the-money if the stated option exercise price was greater than the closing price, $5.07, of the Company's common stock on the effective date.
 
    In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154 - Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.  This statement replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements, and changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle.  This statement provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections.  It establishes, unless impracticable, retrospective application as the required method of reporting a change in accounting principle in the absence of explicit transition requirements specific to the newly adopted accounting principle.  This statement also provides guidance on determining whether retrospective application is impracticable.  The correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is not an accounting change.  However, the reporting of an error correction involves adjustments to previously issued financial statements similar to those generally applicable to reporting an accounting change retrospectively.  Therefore, the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements is also addressed by this statement.  This statement is effective for accounting changes and corrections of error made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.  The application of SFAS No. 154 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
 
ITEM 7.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following consolidated financial statements of Technology Research Corporation and its subsidiary are included in Schedule I (i.e. indexes F-1 through F-19) attached herewith:

  •  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
  •  Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2005 and 2004
  •  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
  •  Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
  •  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
  •  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.


ITEM 8.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.


ITEM 8A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

    As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, the Company carried out, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") ("the Certifying Officers"), an evaluation of the effectiveness of its “disclosure controls and procedures” (as the term is defined under Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended).  Based on this evaluation, the Certifying Officers have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
 
    Further, there were no significant changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the Company's fourth fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
ITEM 8B.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
None.
 

 


 
ITEM 9.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, PROMOTERS AND CONTROL PERSONS; COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(a) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT

    The information required in Item 9 is incorporated into Part III of the Annual Report on Form 10-KSB by reference to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on August 25, 2005.
 
ITEM 10.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
    The information required in Item 10 is incorporated into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB by reference to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on August 25, 2005.
 
ITEM 11.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 
    The information required in Item 11 is incorporated into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB by reference to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on August 25, 2005.
 
ITEM 12.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
 
    The information required in Item 12 is incorporated into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB by reference to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on August 25, 2005.
 
ITEM 13.  EXHIBITS

3.1 Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws*
3.2 Amended Articles of Incorporation dated September 24, 1990.***
3.3 Amended Articles of Incorporation dated September 24, 1996.***
3.4 Amended Articles of Incorporation dated August 21, 2003.***

(10) Material contracts:

10.1 $3,000,000 Revolving Credit Agreement, dated December 14, 1999, between the Company and SouthTrust Bank***

10.2 The 2000 Long Term Incentive Plan effective August 24, 2000.***

10.3 Amendment to 2000 Long Term Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares from 300,000 to 600,000 effective August 21, 2003.***
 
10.4 Amendment to 2000 Long Term Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares from 600,000 to 1,100,000 effective August 24, 2004.***
 
10.5 License Agreement, dated March 24, 2002, between the Company and Tecumseh Products Company granting use of the Company's Fire Shield® technology to be integrated into a protective product for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems against electric faults.***

10.6 Amended Revolving Credit Agreement, dated December 20, 2004, between the Company and its subsidiary and SouthTrust Bank, increasing the amount available to borrow from $3,000,000 to $6,000,000 and extending the maturity date to December 14, 2006.*****
 
10.7 $3,000,000 six-month term loan agreement, dated April 14, 2005, between the Company and its subsidiary and SouthTrust Bank.*****
 
(14)  Code of Conduct and Code of Ethics
 
14.1 Code of Conduct. *****
14.2 Code of Ethics for Principal Executive, Financial and Accounting Officers. *****

(23) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. *****

(99) Additional Exhibits:

99.1 Certification of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. *****
99.2 Certification of Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. *****
 
 
 

Footnotes:

* Previously filed with and as part of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-24647).

** Previously filed with and as a part of the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-31967).

*** Previously filed with and as part of the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-KSB.

**** Previously filed with and as part of the Registrant's Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 (No. 33-31967)

***** Filed herewith.

 
ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

    The information required in Item 14 is incorporated into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB by reference to the Company's definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on August 25, 2005.

 
 

       In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
By:       /s/ Jerry T. Kendall                               
                 Jerry T. Kendall
                 President and Chief Executive Officer
                (Principal Executive Officer)
 
Date:     June 29, 2005
 

       In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 
           Signature              Title     Date
   
/s/  Jerry T. Kendall President and Chief Executive Officer   6/29/2005
      Jerry T. Kendall (Principal Executive Officer)  
     
/s/  Scott J. Loucks Chief Financial Officer   6/29/2005
      Scott J. Loucks (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)  
     
/s/  Raymond B. Wood  Director and Senior Vice President of Government Operations  6/29/2005
      Raymond B. Wood and Marketing  
 
/s/  Robert S. Wiggins  Chairman of the Board   6/29/2005
      Robert S. Wiggins     
     
/s/  Gerry Chastelet  Director  6/29/2005
      Gerry Chastelet    
     
/s/  Edmund F. Murphy, Jr.  Director   6/29/2005
      Edmund F. Murphy, Jr.    
     
/s/  Martin L. Poad  Director   6/29/2005
      Martin L. Poad    
     
/s/  David F. Walker  Director   6/29/2005
      David F. Walker    
 
 
 
 

 

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Consolidated Financial Statements
 
 Index

 
    Schedule I                                                                                                   
                                                                                                             Page

    Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm                                                                                              F-1
 
    Financial Statements:                                                                                  

        Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2005 and 2004                                                                                F-2
 
        Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003              F-3

        Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003                     F-4

        Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003                                  F-5

        Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements                                                                                                         F-6
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
 
Technology Research Corporation:
 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Technology Research Corporation and subsidiary as listed in the accompanying index.  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Technology Research Corporation and subsidiary as of March 31, 2005 and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
/s/  KPMG LLP
 
Tampa, Florida
May 9, 2005
 
 
 
F-1

 
 Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
 ASSETS 2005   2004
Current assets:                
   Cash and cash equivalents     $ 815,411     5,968,122  
   Short-term investments       487,072       -  
   Trade and other accounts receivable, net of allowance for    
        doubtful accounts of $171,725 in 2005 and $31,010 in 2004 (note 6)       13,114,548       3,420,701  
   Inventories, net (notes 2 and 6)       11,460,302       5,633,177  
   Deferred income taxes (note 7)       488,413       239,169  
   Prepaid expenses and other current assets       514,922       206,295  
     Total current assets 
 
 26,880,668
     
  15,467,464
 
 
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of    
   $8,089,950 and $7,203,205 (note 3)       5,470,156       3,065,771  
Other assets       96,004       38,633  
    Total assets  $
 32,446,828
     
  18,571,868
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
                 
Current liabilities:      
 
         
   Short term debt (note 6)      $
 3,000,000
     
-
 
   Trade accounts payable      
 7,970,920
     
 1,547,979
 
   Accrued expenses      
 1,327,944
     
 767,185
 
   Accrued dividends      
 100,175
     
 99,295
 
   Income taxes payable      
 112,239
     
 431,093
 
   Deferred revenue      
 -
     
 10,525
 
 
      Total current liabilities 
 

 12,511,278
     

 2,856,077
 
Long-term debt (note 6)      
 2,350,000
     
 -
 
Deferred revenue - long term      
 -
     
 28,951
 
Deferred income taxes (note 7)      
 378,143
     
 235,120
 
 
       Total liabilities
 

15,239,421
     

3,120,148
 
       
Stockholders' equity:      
   Common stock $0.51 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized,      
      5,795,375 shares and 5,749,758 shares issued, and       
      5,773,875 shares and 5,728,258 shares outstanding      
 2,955,641
     
 2,932,377
 
   Additional paid-in capital      
 8,483,237
     
 8,417,686
 
   Retained earnings      
5,808,674
     
4,141,802
 
   Common stock held in treasury, 21,500 shares at cost      
 (40,145
   
(40,145
 
      Total stockholders' equity 
 

 17,207,407
     

 15,451,720
 
 
    Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 
 
 $

 32,446,828
     

 18,571,868
 
   
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-2

 
 Consolidated Statements of Operations
 
Years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
 
   
 2005
     
 2004
     
 2003
 
Revenues (note 10):                      
   Commercial  $
 27,022,170
     
 11,941,713
     
 10,254,998
 
   Military  
 12,269,581
     
 12,304,263
     
 7,386,144
 
   Royalties  
 141,596
     
 90,661
     
 120,794
 
 
      Total revenues
 

 39,433,347
     

24,336,637
     

17,761,936
 
Cost of sales   
 29,618,620
     
 14,830,606
     
 11,896,230
 
 
         Gross profit 
 

 9,814,727
     

9,506,031
     

5,865,706
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
Operating expenses:                      
   Selling and marketing  
 2,546,210
     
 2,393,868
     
 1,854,671
 
   General and administrative  
 2,592,630
     
 1,911,111
     
 1,335,667
 
   Research and development  
 2,034,385
     
 1,380,295
     
 1,225,651
 
   Other   
 (1,390
)    
 (1,194
   
 31,718
 
 
      Total operating expenses 
 

 7,171,835
     

5,684,080
     

4,447,707
 
 
          Income from operations
 

2,642,892
     

3,821,951
     

1,417,999
 
   
     
     
 
   Interest expense  
 (48,303
)    
 -
     
 (1,153
   Other income  
 29,448
     
 14,853
     
 7,483
 
 
 

(18,855
 
)
   

14,853
     

6,330
 
 
Income before income taxes 
 

2,624,037
     

3,836,804
     

1,424,329
 
Income tax expense (note 7)  
 611,528
     
 1,160,648
     
 409,538
 
 
   Net income 
 
 $

2,012,509
     

2,676,156
     

1,014,791
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Earnings per share - basic  $
 0.35
     
 0.48
     
 0.19
 
           
 
         
Earnings per share - diluted  $
 0.34
     
 0.46
     
 0.19
 
                     
Shares outstanding - basic  
 5,754,816
     
 5,589,181
     
 5,438,381
 
                     
Shares outstanding - diluted  
 5,954,068
     
 5,827,726
     
 5,482,450
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-3

 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
 
Years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
 
 
     
 Common stock
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
 Shares
 
 
 
 Amount
 
 
     Additional      paid-in capital
 
 
Retained earnings
 
 
 
Treasury stock
 
Total stockholder's equity
 
                             
Balances as of March 31, 2002:    
 5,437,497
 $
 2,784,088
 
 7,526,472
 
 1,032,996
 
 (40,145)
 
 11,303,411
 
                             
   Dividends - $0.045 per share    
 -
 
-
 
-
 
 (244,760
 -
 
 (244,760
   Net income    
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
1,014,791
 
 -
 
 1,014,791
 
   Exercise of stock options    
 2,873
 
 1,466
 
 1,722
 
 -
 
 -
 
 3,188
 
 
      Balances as of March 31, 2003:
   

5,440,370
 

   2,785,554
 

   7,528,194
 

   1,803,027
 

   (40,145)
 

   12,076,630
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Dividends - $0.06 per share    
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 (337,381
 -
 
 (337,381
   Net income    
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
2,676,156
 
-
 
2,676,156
 
   Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options    
 -
 
 -
 
 549,000
 
 -
 
 -
 
 549,000
 
   Exercise of stock options    
 287,888
 
 146,823
 
 340,492
 
 -
 
 -
 
 487,315
 
 
      Balances as of March 31, 2004:
   

5,728,258
 

   2,932,377
 

   8,417,686
 

   4,141,802
 

   (40,145)
 

   15,451,720
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Dividends - $0.06 per share    
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 (345,637
-
 
 (345,637
   Net income    
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 2,012,509
 
 -
 
 2,012,509
 
   Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options    
 -
 
 -
 
14,702
 
-
 
 -
 
 14,702
 
   Exercise of stock options    
 45,617
 
 23,264
 
 50,849
 
 -
 
 -
 
 74,113
 
 
      Balances as of March 31, 2005:
   

5,773,875
 
 $

  2,955,641
 

  8,483,237
 

 5,808,674
 

  (40,145)
 

  17,207,407
 





 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 
Years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
 
2005 2004  
  2003
Cash flows from operating activities:                      
   Net income     $ 2,012,509     2,676,156      
 1.014,791
 
   Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used) provided by operating activities:            
   Change in allowance for doubtful accounts       140,715       (13,892    
32,994
 
   Tax benefit of stock options exercised       14,702       549,000      
-
 
   Depreciation       947,725       837,020      
 857,374
 
   Loss (gain) on disposal of assets        (1,390      (1,194    
 31,718
 
   Changes in operating assets and liabilities:            
      Trade and other accounts receivable, net       (9,834,562 )     (633,984    
 (289,216
)
      Income taxes receivable       -       19,766      
 (19,766
      Inventories, net        (5,827,125     (969,301     
 134,855
 
      Deferred income taxes        (106,221     89,055      
 341,326
 
      Prepaid expenses and other current assets        (308,627     (83,972    
 (24,603
      Other assets        (57,371     13,979      
 6,096
 
      Trade accounts payable       6,422,941     495,162      
 501,517
 
      Accrued expenses       560,759     403,328    
 70,435
 
      Income taxes payable       (318,854     431,093      
 -
 
      Deferred revenue       (39,476     (10,524    
 -
 
        Net cash (used) provided by operating activities   
(6,394,275
   
3,801,692
     

 2,657,521
 
   
     
     
 
Cash flows from investing activities:            
   Purchase of capital expenditures       (3,350,720 )     (515,580 )    
 (577,463
   Purchases of short-term investments         (487,072     -      
 -
 
        Net cash used by investing activities   
(3,837,792
   
(515,580
   

 (577,463
   
     
     
 
Cash flows from financing activities:            
   Borrowings under line of credit       5,350,000       -      
 (500,000
   Proceeds from the exercise of stock options       74,113       487,315      
 3,188
 
   Cash dividend paid       (344,757 )     (334,867 )    
 (216,783
        Net cash provided (used) by financing activities   
5,079,356
   
152,448
     
 (713,595
   
     
     
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents       (5,152,711 )     3,438,560      
 1,366,463
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year       5,968,122       2,529,562      
 1,163,099
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year  $
815,411
     
5,968,122
     

2,529,562
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
Supplemental cash flow information:                
 
 
   Cash paid for interest     $ 36,991        -      
 1,153
 
   Cash paid for income taxes     $ 1,036,603        71,734      
 87,977
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-5

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
(1)  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
(a)  Description of Business

Technology Research Corporation and subsidiary (the “Company”) is an internationally recognized leader in the design, manufacture and marketing of electrical safety products that save lives, protect people against serious injury from electrical shock and/or prevent electrical fires in the home and workplace.  Based on its core technology in ground fault sensing, the Company's products are designed to meet the needs of the consumer, commercial and industrial markets worldwide.  The Company also supplies power monitors and control equipment to the United States military and its prime contractors, primarily for use on mobile electric generators.  The Company's corporate headquarters are located in Clearwater, Florida.  The Company incorporated TRC Honduras, S.A. de C.V., a wholly owned subsidiary, for the purpose of manufacturing the Company's high volume products in Honduras.  The Company primarily sells its products direct to the customer, through retail stores, to original equipment manufacturers and through electrical distributors involved in a variety of industries and to governmental entities. The Company performs credit evaluations of all new customers and generally does not require collateral.  Historically, the Company has experienced minimal losses related to receivables from individual customers or groups of customers in any particular industry or geographic area.  The Company's customers are located throughout the world.  See note 10 for further information on major customers.  The Company also licenses its technology for use by others in exchange for a royalty or product purchases.

(b)  Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(c)  Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Technology Research Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, TRC Honduras, S.A. de C.V. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(d)  Cash Equivalents
 
Cash equivalents amounted to $29,835 and $2,015,608 as of March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and consisted of money market accounts.  For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

(e)  Short-term investments

The value of the short-term investment totaled $487,072 as of March 31, 2005, which consists of corporate securities in the amount of $2,079 and original cost plus accrued interest on U.S. Treasury Bills in the amount of $484,993.  The Company considers all of its short-term investments to be held-to-maturity, and therefore, are recorded at amortized cost.

F-6

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

(f) Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from commercial customers when an order has been received, pricing is fixed, title to the product has passed and collectibility is reasonably assured.  Title generally passes upon shipment to the customer; however, in a limited number of cases, title passes upon receipt of shipment by the customer.  There are no customer acceptance provisions included in the Company's sales contracts and the Company has no installation obligation subsequent to product shipment.  Similarly, revenue from sales to distributors is recognized as title passes to them without additional involvement or obligation.  Collection of receivables related to distributor sales is not contingent upon subsequent sales to third parties. 
 
The Company may enter into government contracts that fall within the scope of Statement of Position 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts (SOP 81-1) ("non-standard" products) or fall outside the scope of SOP 81-1 ("standard" products).  For government contracts within the scope of SOP 81-1, the Company records revenue under a units of delivery model with revenues and costs equal to the average unit value times the number of units delivered.  Any estimated loss on an overall contract would be recognized in the period determined in accordance with SOP 81-1.  For government contract outside the scope of SOP 81-1, the Company records revenue the same as commercial customers discussed above and would record a loss in the event the costs to fulfill a government contract are in excess of the associated revenues.  The Company has not experienced past losses on government contracts. 
 
The Company accrues minimum royalties due from customers over the related royalty period.  Royalties earned in excess of minimum royalties due are recognized as reported by the licensees.  The Company enters into license agreements and receives nonrefundable license fees in exchange for the use of technology previously developed by the Company.  The licensee receives the right to manufacture and sell certain products within specified geographic areas.  The nonrefundable license fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as income on a straight-line basis over the exclusivity period of the agreement.  A termination or change to the initial license agreement could result in an accelerated recognition of the deferred revenue.  License fees are included in royalty revenue.
 
(g)  Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. 

(h) Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost.  Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line half-year method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. 
 
(i)  Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
 
The Company reviews long-lived assets for possible impairment of carrying value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 (“Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”).  In evaluating the fair value and future benefit of the Company's assets, management performs an analysis of the anticipated undiscounted future net cash flows to be derived from the use of individual assets over their remaining amortization period.  If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its anticipated undiscounted cash flows, the Company recognizes an impairment loss equal to the difference between its carrying value and its fair value.
F-7

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

(j) Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
(k)  Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company accounts for stock options at intrinsic value in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB 25”), and related interpretations. Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock options been determined based upon the fair value at the grant date for awards under the plans consistent with the methodology prescribed under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS 123”), the Company’s net income would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts indicated below:

     
 Years ended March 31,
       
     
 2005
     
 2004
     
 2003
 
         
Net income - as reported     $
2,012,509
     
 2,676,156
     
 1,014,791
 
Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expense determined                        
              under fair value based method, net of income taxes    
 (852,159
   
 (117,759
   
 (104,598
                         
 
Net income - pro forma 
 
 
 $

  1,160,350
     

  2,558,397
     

910,193
 
     
     
     
 
 
Basic earnings per share:                         
         As reported     $
 0.35
     
 0.48
     
 0.19
 
         Pro forma     $
 0.20
     
 0.46
     
 0.17
 
                         
Diluted earnings per share                         
         As reported     $
 0.34
     
 0.46
     
 0.19
 
         Pro forma     $
 0.20
     
 0.44
     
 0.17
 
 
 
F-8

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004


(l)  Earnings per share
 
Basic earnings per share have been computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
 
Diluted earnings per share have been computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding.  The weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding figure has been adjusted to include the number of shares that would have been outstanding if the stock options had been exercised, at the average market price of the period, with the proceeds being used to buy shares from the market (i.e. the treasury stock method).
 
The table below reconciles the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
 
  Year ended March 31,
   
 
2005 2004 2003
                       
Net income     $ 2,012,509   2,676,156   1,014,791  
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic       
  5,754,816
   
  5,589,181
   
  5,438,381
 
Dilutive common shares issuable upon exercise of stock options       199,252     238,545     44,069  
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted       
  5,954,068
   
  5,827,726
   
  5,482,450
 
       
  
   
  
   
  
 
Earnings per common share:    
  Basic     $ 0.35   0.48   0.19  
  Diluted     $ 0.34   0.46   0.19  
 
 
For the year ended March 31, 2005, options to purchase 245,400 shares were considered anti-dilutive for the purposes of calculating earnings per share.  For the year ended March 31, 2004, options to purchase 257,900 shares of common stock were considered anti-dilutive for purposes of calculating earnings per share.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F-9

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
 
(m)  Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150 - Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.  This statement establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity.  It requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability.  When issued, this statement was effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise for interim periods beginning after June 15, 2003.  Initially, the statement required that all financial instruments meeting its criteria be presented as liabilities rather than as minority interest between the liabilities and equity sections of the balance sheet.  On October 29, 2003, the FASB announced that it had deferred certain provisions of SFAS No. 150.  The Company does not currently have any instruments subject to SFAS No. 150.  Accordingly, final adoption is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151 - Inventory Costs, to amend the guidance in Chapter 4, "Inventory Pricing", of FASB Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Restatement and Revision of Accounting Research Bulletins.  SFAS No. 151 clarifies the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and waste material (spoilage).  The Statement requires that items be recognized as current-period charges, effective during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005.  Additionally, SFAS No. 151 requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities.  The adoption of SFAS No. 151 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R) - Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.  SFAS No. 123(R) is a revision of SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance.  This statement establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity for goods and services.  It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair market value of the entity's equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments.  The statement requires a public entity to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award.  That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award.  This statement is effective for small business issuers as of the beginning of the first annual period that begins after December 15, 2005.  The application of SFAS No. 123(R) may have a material effect on the Company's future financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
    In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154 - Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.  This statement replaces APB Opinion No. 20, Accounting Changes, and FASB Statement No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements, and changes the requirements for the accounting for and reporting of a change in accounting principle.  This statement provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections.  It establishes, unless impracticable, retrospective application as the required method of reporting a change in accounting principle in the absence of explicit transition requirements specific to the newly adopted accounting principle.  This statement also provides guidance on determining whether retrospective application is impracticable.  The correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is not an accounting change.  However, the reporting of an error correction involves adjustments to previously issued financial statements similar to those generally applicable to reporting an accounting change retrospectively.  Therefore, the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements is also addressed by this statement.  This statement is effective for accounting changes and corrections of error made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.  The application of SFAS No. 154 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
F-10

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

 
(2) Inventories

Inventories at March 31, 2005 and 2004 consist of the following:
 
 

2005 

  

2004  

       
Raw materials     $ 8,669,678     3,473,288  
Work-in-process       628,622       434,090  
Finished goods       2,162,002       1,725,799  
Total     $
 11,460,302
   
 5,633,177
 

 

 
Approximately 47% and 40% of inventories were located in Honduras as of March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
 
(3)  Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2005 and 2004 consists of:
 
     
 2005
     
 2004
   Estimated useful lives  
                     
Building and improvements    $
 1,639,993
     
 1,614,517
 
 20 years
 
Machinery and equipment    
 11,920,113
     
 8,654,459
 
 5 - 15 years
 
   
 
 $

13,560,106
     

 10,268,976
     
     
 
     
 
     
 
Approximately 30% and 24% of property, plant and equipment is located in Honduras as of March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
 
 
F-11

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
(4)  Vacation
 
The Company corrected an error in accounting for accrued vacation by recording additional vacation expense of $185,545 during the quarter ended December 31, 2004.  The expense was charged to cost of sales ($49,110), selling and marketing ($52,793), general and administrative ($47,346) and research and development ($36,296).  Approximately $27,500 of the vacation expense was earned in the nine months ended December 31, 2004, $19,400 in the 2004 fiscal year, $8,300 in the 2003 fiscal year, $4,100 in the 2002 fiscal year and $126,200 in prior fiscal years.  The Company analyzed the effect of the misstatement on prior periods ($158,045) in accordance with APB Opinion No. 20 and No. 28 and SAB 99 and determined that while the adjustment was significant with respect to the quarter ended December 31, 2004, it was not material with respect to the estimated income for the 2005 fiscal year or to the trends on earnings among fiscal years or the quarters within all affected fiscal years.  Accordingly, following the guidance of APB Opinion No. 28, the Company recorded the full amount of the vacation expense during the quarter ended December 31, 2004.  As of March 31, 2005, the Company again analyzed the effect of the misstatement on prior periods in accordance with APB Opinion No. 20 and No. 28 and SAB 99 and concluded that the misstatement was not material to the year ended March 31, 2005 or to the trends on earnings among fiscal years or the quarters within all affected years.
 
 
(5)  Warranty

The Company generally provides a one year warranty period for all of its products.  The Company also provides coverage on certain of its surge products for "downstream" damage of products not manufactured by the Company.  The Company's warranty provision represents management's estimate of probable liabilities, calculated as a function of sales volume and historical repair experience for each product under warranty.  The Company's warranty provision increased by $290,447 in fiscal 2005 due to higher revenue volume, especially with regard to those revenues generated by initial volumes of off-shore production of a new line of product.  A roll-forward of the activity in the Company's warranty liability for the years ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 is as follows:

   
 Years ended March 31,
 
       
   

 2005

 

2004

           
Beginning balance  $

 20,000

-

 
    Warranty expense  

354,163

 20,000

 
    Warranty claims  

 (63,716

)

 -

 
 
Ending balance 
 
 $

310,447
 

 20,000
 
   
 
 

 
   
F-12

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

(6)  Debt

On December 20, 2004, the Company renegotiated the revolving credit agreement with its institutional lender, extending the maturity date to December 14, 2006.  The new facility also provides for borrowings up to $6,000,000, as compared to $3,000,000 under the old facility.  The Company has the option of borrowing at the lender's prime rate of interest minus 100 basis points or the 30-day London Interbank Offering Rate ("LIBOR") plus 160 basis points.  The Company is currently borrowing under the LIBOR option at a 4.49% rate as of March 31, 2005 as compared to a 2.86% rate as of March 31, 2004.  The loan is collateralized with a perfected first security interest which attaches to all accounts receivable and inventories, and a blanket security interest attaching to all assets and requires the Company to maintain certain financial ratios and minimum working capital.  As of March 31, 2005, the Company had $5,350,000 in outstanding borrowings, of which $2,350,000 was recorded as long-term debt.   The Company has the right to repay any outstanding borrowings at any time and intends to repay the remaining $3,000,000 prior to March 31, 2006, and accordingly, the Company has classified this amount as a current liability.  The Company was in compliance with the covenants as of March 31, 2005. 
 
On April 14, 2005, the Company entered into a $3,000,000 six-month term loan agreement with its institutional lender.  This credit facility will only be used if necessary in the event that the Company's cash requirements extend beyond the existing line of credit noted above.  The terms of the agreement are the same as the existing line of credit.
 
The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements and no debt relationships other than noted above.
 
(7)  Income Taxes

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of March 31, 2005 and 2004 are presented below:
 
     
 2005
     
 2004
 
Deferred tax assets:             
 
 
   Accounts receivable, principally due to allowance for doubtful accounts
   $
 61,821
     
 11,164
 
   Inventories, principally due to valuation allowance for financial reporting
       purposes and additional costs inventoried for tax purposes
   
 
 407,496
     
 
 203,052
 
   Accrued expenses
   
 96,526
     
 24,953
 
 
      Total gross deferred tax assets
   

 565,843
     

239,169
 
                 
Deferred tax liabilities:                
   Property, plant and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation
   
 (378,143
   
 (235,120
   Prepaid expenses    
 (77,430
   
 -
 
 
      Total gross deferred tax liability
   

 (455,573
 
   

 (235,120
 
 
         Net deferred tax assets
 
 
 $

 110,270
     

 4,049
 
     
 
     
 
 
F-13

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
 
Net deferred tax assets included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2005 and 2004 are as follows:
 
     
 2005
     
 2004
 
                 
Deferred income taxes, current asset    $
 488,413
     
 239,169
 
Deferred income taxes, noncurrent liability    
 (378,143
   
 (235,120
   
 
 $

 110,270
     

 4,049
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
 
Management assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be realized which is dependent upon the generation of taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.  Management considers historical taxable income, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.  Based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes the Company will realize the benefits of these deductible differences at March 31, 2005.

Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003 consists of:
 
     
 2005
     
 2004
     
 2003
 
                         
Current:                         
   Federal    $
 663,822
     
 1,015,734
     
 68,212
 
   State    
 53,927
     
 55,859
     
 -
 
     

 717,749
     

1,071,593
     

 68,212
 
Deferred:                        
   Federal    
 (100,320
   
 84,107
     
 312,071
 
   State    
 (5,901
   
 4,948
     
 29,255
 
   

(106,221
 
)
 

89,055

341,326 
 
   
 
 $

 611,528
     

 1,160,648
     

 409,538
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 

 
F-14

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 

Income tax expense for the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 differs from the amounts computed by applying the Federal income tax rate of 34% to income before income taxes as a result of the following:
 
     
 2005
     
 2004
     
 2003
 
                         
Computed expected tax expense
   $
892,173
     
 1,304,513
     
 484,272
 
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
                       
   Foreign activity for which no income taxes have been provided     
(334,252
   
 (249,121
   
 (102,435
   State income taxes, net of Federal income tax effect    
 31,697
     
 40,133
     
 19,309
 
   Change in valuation allowance    
 -
     
 -
     
 (78,152
   Tax credits expired    
 -
     
 -
     
 71,702
 
   Other    
 21,910
     
 65,123
     
 14,842
 
   
 
 $

 611,528
     

 1,160,648
     

 409,538
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
The operating results of the foreign manufacturing subsidiary are not subject to foreign tax as it is operating under an indefinite tax holiday granted on January 7, 2002 by the Honduran Secretary of Industry and Commerce.  Prior to January 7, 2002, the subsidiary operated under a 20-year tax holiday.  The foreign operations generated income of approximately $983,000 in 2005, $733,000 in 2004, and $301,000 in 2003.  No income taxes have been provided on these results of operations.

The total amount of undistributed earnings of the foreign subsidiary for income tax purposes was approximately $2,256,000 at March 31, 2005.  It is the Company's intention to reinvest undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiary and thereby indefinitely postpone its remittance.  Accordingly, no provision has been made for foreign withholding taxes or United States income taxes which may become payable if undistributed earnings of the foreign subsidiary was paid as dividends to the Company.  It is not practicable to calculate the unrecognized deferred tax liability on those earnings.
 
(8)  Stock Options and Grants

The Company has two qualified incentive stock option plans, one performance-incentive stock option plan, and one nonqualified stock option plan (the Plans).  Options granted under the Plans are granted to directors, officers and employees at fair value and expire ten years after the date of grant.  Except for the performance incentive stock option plan, options granted under the Plans generally vest over three years.  Options granted under the performance incentive stock option plan vest at the end of year ten but are subject to accelerated vesting if certain targets are met.  Options may be exercised by payment of cash or with stock of the Company owned by the officer or employee.  During 2000, stockholders approved a Long Term Incentive Plan with an initial aggregate of 300,000 shares reserved for this plan, and during 2003 and 2004, an additional 300,000 and 500,000 shares were approved by the shareholders for an aggregate total of 1,100,000 shares to be reserved for issuance under this plan.
 
F-15

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board published Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment ("SFAS 123R"), which is effective for small business issuers from the first annual period that begins after December 15, 2005, will require that compensation cost related to share-based payment transactions, including stock options, be recognized in the financial statements.  Accordingly, the Company will implement the revised standard in its first quarter ending June 30, 2006.  Currently, the Company accounts for its share-based payment transactions under the provisions of APB 25, which does not necessarily require the recognition of compensation cost in the consolidated statement of operations of the financial statements.
 
Option transactions and other information relating to the Plans for the three years ended March 31, 2005 are as follows:
 
   
 
 Qualified incentive stock option plan
 
 Performance incentive stock option plan
 
 
 Non-qualified stock option plan
 
 
 Long-term incentive stock option plan
 
 
 
 Total
   
 
 Weighted average exercise price
 
                             
Outstanding as of March 31, 2002  
 134,084
 
 250,000
 
 46,666
 
178,250
 
 609,000
   $
   3.07
 
   Granted  
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 40,000
 
 40,000
   
   1.92
 
   Canceled  
 (3,000
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 (3,000
 
   1.06
 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2003  

 131,084
 

 250,000
 

 46,666
 

 218,250
 

 646,000
   

   3.01
 
   Granted  
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 342,900
 
 342,900
   
 10.03
 
   Exercised  
 (107,184
 -
 
 (42,039
 (138,665
 (287,888
 
   3.41
 
   Canceled  
 (17,616
 -
 
 (1,927
 -
 
 (19,543
 
   1.40
 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2004  

 6,284
 

 250,000
 

 2,700
 

 422,485
 

 681,469
   

   7.10
 
   Granted  
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
 63,500
 
 63,500
   
   6.24
 
   Exercised  
 (3,167
-
 
 (1,700
(40,750
 (45,617
 
   1.63
 
   Canceled  
 -
 
 -
 
 -
 
(18,500
 (18,500
 
 11.25
 
Outstanding as of March 31, 2005  

 3,117
 

 250,000
 

1,000
 

 426,735
 

 680,852
 
 
 $

   7.27
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Total number of options available under the plans  
 
 166,667
 
 
 400,000
 
 
 333,333
 
 
 1,100,000
 
 
 2,000,000
       
                             
Exercisable as of March 31, 2005  
 3,117
 
 -
 
 1,000
 
 168,655
 
 172,772
   $
  8.12
 
                             
Available as of March 31, 2005   
 -
 
 150,000
 
 -
 
 493,850
 
 643,850
       
 
F-16

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

The per share weighted average exercise price of stock options granted during 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $6.24, $10.03 and $1.92, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with the following assumptions:
 
   
 Years Ended March 31,
 
       
   
 2005
 
 2004
 
 2003
 
               
Expected dividend yield   
   0.94%
 
 0.01%
 
 1.70%
 
Risk free interest rate   
   4.16%
 
 3.54%
 
 3.95%
 
Expected volatility   
 97.65%
 
 92.28%
 
 92.63
 
Expected life   
7.07 years
 
 7.31 years
 
 8.93 years
 
 

As of March 31, 2005, the range of exercise prices and weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding and exercisable was as follows:
 
     
                               Options Outstanding                            
 
                Options Exercisable               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Range of exercise prices
 
 
 
 
 Number of outstanding as of March 31, 2005
 
 
 Weighted average remaining contractual life(years)
   
 
 
 
 Weighted average exercise price
 
 
 
 
Number exercisable as of March 31, 2005
   
 
 
 
Weighted average exercise price
 
                             
 $
 1.50 - 1.63
 
    9,117
 
 5.6
   $
 1.56
 
    9,117
    $
 1.56
 
 $
 1.64 - 2.05
 
   38,835
 
 6.6
   
 1.76
 
  35,502
   
 1.77
 
 $
 2.06 - 2.74
 
   80,000
 
 8.1
   
 2.73
 
  26,667
   
 2.73
 
 $
 2.75 - 5.13
 
 250,000
 
 1.3
   
 5.13
 
          -
   
     -
 
 $
 5.14 - 8.30
 
   57,500
 
 9.9
   
 5.96
 
          -
   
     -
 
 $
 8.31 - 12.34
 
 245,400
 
 9.0
   
12.34
 
 101,486
   
12.34
 
     

 680,852
 

 6.0
 
 
 $

 7.27
 

 172,772
 
 
  $

 8.12
 
     
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
The Company has also reserved 32,667 shares of its common stock for issuance to employees or prospective employees at the discretion of the Board of Directors of which 16,033 shares are available for future issue.  There were no such shares issued during the years ended March 31, 2005, 2004 or 2003.
 
(9)  Leases
 
The Company leases the land on which its operating facility is located in Clearwater, Florida.  This operating lease was for a period of 20 years through August 2001 with options to renew for two additional ten-year periods.  The Company utilized the first ten-year option and extended the lease through August 2011.  The lease provides for rent adjustments every five years.  The Company is responsible for payment of taxes, insurance and maintenance.  In the event the Company elects to terminate the lease, title to all structures on the land reverts to the lessor. 
 
F-17

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004
 
The Company's subsidiary leases its operating facility in Honduras.  The initial operating lease was for five years through February 2002, and since then, has been extended on a yearly basis trough February 2006.  In addition, the Company's subsidiary entered into a three-year lease for additional warehouse space in Honduras at the same location.
 
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of March 31, 2005 are: 
 
Year ending March 31,        
   2006        $
 256,404
 
   2007    
88,402
 
   2008    
 70,812
 
   2009    
 30,528
 
   2010    
 30,528
 
   Thereafter    
 30,528
 
 
        Total minimum lease payments
 
 
     $

507,202 
 
     
 
 
Rental expense for all operating leases was approximately $239,000 in 2005, $187,000 in 2004 and $182,000 in 2003.
 
(10)  Major Customers
 
The Company operates in one business segment - the design, development, manufacture and marketing of electronic control and measurement devices for the distribution of electric power.  The Company only reports sales and standard gross profit by market (commercial and military), no allocations of manufacturing variances and other costs of operations or assets are made to the markets.  Sales by market are:
 
   
 Year ended March 31,
 
         
Customer
 2005
 2004
 2003
                         
U.S. Military (direct sales)
   $
6,368,386
     
 6,892,693
     
 2,850,188
 
Fermont, a division of ESSI, a U.S. Government
        Prime Contractor
   
 
 5,003,070
     
 
 4,545,847
     
 
 3,937,999
 
 
            Total sales for major customers
 
 
 $

11,371,456 
     

 11,438,540 
     

 6,788,187 
 
                         
Exports:                      
   Canada    $
 25,305
     
 344,020
     
 417,094
 
   Far East    
 6,292,584
     
 1,389,773
     
 1,020,078
 
   Europe    
 2,239,319
     
 2,207,887
     
 2,632,357
 
   Australia    
 4,898
     
 28,303
     
 36,020
 
   South America    
 6,544
     
 13,867
     
 6,484
 
   Middle East    
 26,209
     
 23,770
     
 14,257
 
 
       Total exports
   $

8,594,859
     

  4,007,620
     

 4,126,290 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
F-18

TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CORPORATION
 AND SUBSIDIARY
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
March 31, 2005 and 2004

(11)  Benefit Plan

The Company's 401(k) plan covers all employees with six months and 1,000 hours of service who are at least 21 years old.  The Company matches employee contributions dollar-for-dollar up to $400. Total Company contributions were approximately $28,000 in 2005, $25,000 in 2004 and $21,700 in 2003

(12)  Litigation

The Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of the Company, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, result of operations or cash flows.

(13)  Stock Repurchase Plan

On December 9, 1999, the Company’s board of directors approved a plan for the Company to buy back up to 500,000 shares of the Company stock on the open market.  Through the year ended March 31, 2005, the Company has repurchased 21,500 shares at a cost of $40,145.
 
(14)  Selected Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

Information (unaudited) related to operating revenue, operating income, net income and earnings per share, by quarter, for the years ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 are:


     
First Quarter
     
Second Quarter
     
Third Quarter
     
Fourth Quarter
 
Year ended March 31, 2005:                                
    Revenues    $
 7,130,944
     
 7,069,527
     
 9,704,795
     
 15,528,081
 
    Gross profit    
 2,621,528
     
 2,143,679
     
 2,051,814
     
 2,997,706
 
    Income from operations    
 999,971
     
 467,720
     
 163,445
     
 1,011,756
 
    Net income    
 673,670
     
 318,045
     
 162,913
     
 857,881
 
    Basic earnings per share    
 0.12
     
 0.06
     
 0.03
     
 0.15
 
    Diluted earnings per share    
 0.11
     
 0.05
     
 0.03
     
 0.15
 
 
 
     
First Quarter
     
Second Quarter
     
Third Quarter
     
Fourth Quarter
 
Year ended March 31, 2004:                                
    Revenues    $
 5,659,915
     
 6,212,654
     
 5,805,556
     
 6,658,512
 
    Gross profit    
 1,940,072
     
 2,491,498
     
 2,367,919
     
 2,706,542
 
    Income from operations    
 778,522
     
 1,163,167
     
 934,912
     
 945,350
 
    Net income    
 584,100
     
 793,860
     
 680,388
     
 617,808
 
    Basic earnings per share    
 0.11
     
 0.14
     
 0.12
     
 0.11
 
    Diluted earnings per share    
 0.10
     
 0.14
     
 0.11
     
 0.10
 
 
 
F-19