Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2011

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 19 – Fair Value Measurements

Determination of Fair Value

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. In accordance with the fair value measurements and disclosures topic of FASB ASC, the fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company's various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.

The recent fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions.

Fair Value Hierarchy

In accordance with this guidance, the Company groups its financial assets and financial liabilities generally measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.

Level 1 –	Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2 –	Valuation is based on observable inputs including quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in less active markets, and model-based valuation techniques for which significant assumptions can be derived primarily from or corroborated by observable data in the market.
Level 3 –	Valuation is based on model-based techniques that use one or more significant inputs or assumptions that are unobservable in the market.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements:

Securities available for sale: Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that consider observable market data (Level 2).  Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and FHLB stocks are carried at cost since no ready market exists and there is no quoted market value.  The Company is required to own stock in these entities as long as it is a member.  Therefore, they have been excluded from the table below.

The following table presents the balances of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the period (in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using
	Balance as of December 31,		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	2011		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Securities available for sale:
Federal agencies and GSE	$	32,679	$	-	$	32,679	$	-
Mortgage-backed and CMOs		103,904		-		103,904		-
State and municipal		194,405		-		194,405		-
Corporate		2,378		-		2,054		324
Total	$	333,366	$	-	$	333,042	$	324

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2010 Using
	Balance as of December 31,		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	2010		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Securities available for sale:
Federal agencies and GSE	$	58,077	$	-	$	58,077	$	-
Mortgage-backed and CMOs		62,982		-		62,594		388
State and municipal		105,098		-		105,098		-
Corporate		2,138		-		2,138		-
Total	$	228,295	$	-	$	227,907	$	388

	Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
			Total Realized / Unrealized Gains
			(Losses) Included in
	Balances as of January 1, 2011		Net Income			Other Comprehensive Income		Purchases, Sales, Issuances and Settlements, Net			Transfer In (Out) of Level 3		Balances as of December 31, 2011
Securities available for sale:
Private label Collateralized
Mortgage Obligation (ARM)	$	388	$	(46	)	$	177	$	(519	)	$	-	$	-
Corporate		-		-			-		-			324		324
Total assets	$	388	$	(46	)	$	177	$	(519	)	$	324	$	324

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements:

Loans held for sale: Loans held for sale are carried at estimated fair value. These loans currently consist of one-to-four family residential loans originated for sale in the secondary market. Fair value is based on the price secondary markets are currently offering for similar loans using observable market data which is not materially different than cost due to the short duration between origination and sale (Level 2). As such, the Company records any fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis. No nonrecurring fair value adjustments were recorded on loans held for sale during the year ended December 31, 2011. Gains and losses on the sale of loans are recorded within income from mortgage banking on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Impaired loans: Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected. The measurement of loss associated with impaired loans can be based on either the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The vast majority of the collateral is real estate. The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data (Level 2). However, if the collateral is a house or building in the process of construction or if an appraisal of the real estate property is over two years old, then the fair value is considered Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business's financial statements if not considered significant using observable market data. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). Impaired loans allocated to the Allowance for Loan Losses are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other real estate owned:  Certain assets such as other real estate owned (“OREO”) are measured at fair value based on recent appraisals less estimated cost to sell based on current market conditions. We believe that the fair value component in our valuation of OREO follows the provisions of accounting standards.

The following table summarizes the Company's assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period (in thousands):

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using
	Balance as of December 31,		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	2011		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	6,330	$	-	$	6,330	$	-
Impaired loans, net of valuation allowance		1,142		-		1,142		-
Other real estate owned		5,353		-		5,353		-

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2010 Using
	Balance as of December 31,		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
Description	2010		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	3,135	$	-	$	3,135	$	-
Impaired loans, net of valuation allowance		560		-		560		-
Other real estate owned		3,716		-		3,716		-

The estimated fair values, and related carrying or notional amounts, of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:

	December 31, 2011				December 31, 2010
(in thousands)	Carrying		Estimated Fair		Carrying		Estimated Fair
	Amount		Value		Amount		Value
Financial assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	28,893	$	28,893	$	18,514	$	18,514
Securities available for sale		333,366		333,366		228,295		228,295
Securities held to maturity		-		-		3,334		3,440
Loans held for sale		6,330		6,330		3,135		3,135
Loans, net of allowance		814,229		811,573		512,361		519,338
Bank owned life insurance		13,058		13,058		4,104		4,104
Accrued interest receivable		5,091		5,091		3,704		3,704
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$	1,058,754	$	1,066,448	$	640,098	$	642,705
Repurchase agreements		45,575		45,575		47,084		47,084
Other borrowings		13,206		13,064		14,598		14,600
Trust preferred capital notes		27,212		27,184		20,619		20,531
Accrued interest payable		857		857		831		831

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents.  The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Securities.  Fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes.

Loans held for sale.  The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Loans.  For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.  Fair values for fixed-rate loans are estimated based upon discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.  Fair values for nonperforming loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses or underlying collateral values, where applicable.

Bank owned life insurance. Bank owned life insurance represents insurance policies on officers, directors, and past directors of the Company.  The cash value of the policies are estimates using information provided by insurance carriers.  These policies are carried at their cash surrender value, which approximates the fair value.

Accrued interest receivable.  The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Deposits.  The fair value of demand deposits, savings deposits, and money market deposits equals the carrying value. The fair value of fixed-rate certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar deposit instruments would be offered to depositors for the same remaining maturities.

Repurchase agreements.  The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Other borrowings.  The fair values of other borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the interest rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

Trust preferred capital notes.  Fair value is calculated by discounting the future cash flows using the estimated current interest rates at which similar securities would be issued.

Accrued interest payable.  The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Off-balance sheet instruments.  The fair value of letters of credit is based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date.  At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the fair value of off balance sheet instruments was deemed immaterial, and therefore was not included in the table above.  The various off-balance sheet instruments were discussed in Note 16.

The Company assumes interest rate risk (the risk that interest rates will change) in its normal operations.  As a result, the fair values of the Company's financial instruments will change when interest rates change and that change may be either favorable or unfavorable to the Company.