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TAXES
3 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
TAXES
TAXES
We estimate the full-year effective tax rate from continuing operations and apply this rate to our year-to-date income from continuing operations. In addition, we separately calculate the tax impact of unusual or infrequent items, if any. The tax impacts of such unusual or infrequent items are treated discretely in the quarter in which they occur. During the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, our effective tax rate was 8.2% and (31.9)%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were impacted by valuation allowances against future realization of foreign tax credits and net operating losses in certain foreign jurisdictions.
The relationship between our provision for or benefit from income taxes and our pre-tax book income can vary significantly from period to period considering, among other factors, (a) the overall level of pre-tax book income, (b) changes in the blend of income that is taxed based on gross revenues or at high effective tax rates versus pre-tax book income or at low effective tax rates and (c) our geographical blend of pre-tax book income. Consequently, our income tax expense or benefit does not change proportionally with our pre-tax book income or loss. Significant decreases in our pre-tax book income typically result in higher effective tax rates, while significant increases in pre-tax book income can lead to lower effective tax rates, subject to the other factors impacting income tax expense noted above. The change in our effective tax rate excluding discrete items for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2017 primarily related to changes in the blend of earnings taxed in relatively high taxed jurisdictions versus low taxed jurisdictions. Additionally, we increased our valuation allowance by $1.0 million and $11.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, which also impacted our effective tax rate.
As of June 30, 2018, there were $6.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits, all of which would have an impact on our effective tax rate if recognized.
On December 22, 2017, the United States Congress enacted tax legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”). The Act includes numerous changes in existing U.S. tax law, including a permanent reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The rate reduction took effect on January 1, 2018. Further, the Act provides for a one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated foreign earnings of certain foreign corporations. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, our net deferred tax liabilities are required to be revalued during the period in which the new tax legislation is enacted. We have made reasonable estimates for the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate and one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated foreign earnings. For the year ended March 31, 2018, our provision for income tax included provisional amounts for the revaluation of U.S. net deferred tax liabilities and the impact of the “deemed repatriation” of foreign earnings. The provisional amounts associated with the one-time “deemed repatriation” and the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities due to the reduction in the corporate income tax rate will be adjusted over time as more guidance becomes available.
Certain provisions under the Act became applicable to us on April 1, 2018 and our income tax provision for the three months ended June 30, 2018 includes the tax implications of these provisions. These provisions include Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”), Base Erosion and Anti-Avoidance Tax (“BEAT”), Foreign Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”), and certain limitations on the deduction of interest expense and utilization of net operating losses.