-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, My7Kg+pDazoVRUJTuGuuJn3ZSZjlloZSmYWz/Yh4GkkpgHSkGwBlkL8k1ZRoUb8Q GU6C9N3xAJlkeIENDKJnPw== 0000950117-96-001232.txt : 19961016 0000950117-96-001232.hdr.sgml : 19961016 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950117-96-001232 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: SC 14D9 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 7 FILED AS OF DATE: 19961011 SROS: AMEX SUBJECT COMPANY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CHEYENNE SOFTWARE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000738830 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372] IRS NUMBER: 133175893 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0630 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 14D9 SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 005-37554 FILM NUMBER: 96642815 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3 EXPRESSWAY PLZ CITY: ROSLYN HEIGHTS STATE: NY ZIP: 11577 BUSINESS PHONE: 5164845110 FILED BY: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: CHEYENNE SOFTWARE INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000738830 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372] IRS NUMBER: 133175893 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0630 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: SC 14D9 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3 EXPRESSWAY PLZ CITY: ROSLYN HEIGHTS STATE: NY ZIP: 11577 BUSINESS PHONE: 5164845110 SC 14D9 1 CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. SC14D9 [LETTERHEAD OF CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC.] October 11, 1996 Dear Stockholder: I am pleased to report that on October 7, 1996, Cheyenne Software, Inc. ("Cheyenne") entered into a merger agreement with Computer Associates International, Inc. ("CA") and one of its subsidiaries that provides for the acquisition of Cheyenne by CA at a price of $30.50 per share in cash. Under the terms of the proposed transaction, a CA subsidiary has made a tender offer for all outstanding shares of Cheyenne common stock at $30.50 per share in cash. Your Board of Directors has unanimously approved the merger agreement and the CA offer, and has determined that the terms of the offer and the merger are fair to and in the best interests of Cheyenne stockholders. Accordingly, the Board of Directors unanimously recommends that all Cheyenne stockholders accept the CA offer and tender their shares to CA. In arriving at its recommendations, the Board of Directors gave careful consideration to a number of factors. These factors included the opinion of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC, financial advisor to Cheyenne, that the cash consideration of $30.50 per share to be received by the stockholders pursuant to the CA offer and the merger is fair to Cheyenne stockholders from a financial point of view. Following the successful completion of the tender offer, upon approval by stockholder vote, if required, the CA subsidiary will be merged with and into Cheyenne, and all shares not purchased in the tender offer will be converted into the right to receive $30.50 per share in cash in the merger. Accompanying this letter is a copy of the Company's Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9. Also enclosed is the Offer to Purchase and related materials, including a Letter of Transmittal for use in tendering shares. We urge you to read the enclosed materials carefully. In light of the proposed transaction with CA, Cheyenne's annual meeting of stockholders scheduled for December 1996 will be postponed pending completion of the tender offer and the merger. The management and directors of Cheyenne thank you for the support you have given the company. On behalf of the Board of Directors, Sincerely, /s/ ReiJane Huai ReiJane Huai Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 2. Annex A: Information Statement Pursuant to Section 14(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 3. Annex B: Opinion of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC, dated October 7, 1996 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 SCHEDULE 14D-9 Solicitation/Recommendation Statement Pursuant to Section 14(d)(4) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. (Name of Subject Company) CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. (Name of Person Filing Statement) COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $.01 PER SHARE (INCLUDING THE ASSOCIATED PREFERRED SHARE PURCHASE RIGHTS) (Title of Class of Securities) 16688810 (CUSIP Number of Class of Securities) MICHAEL B. ADLER VICE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. 3 EXPRESSWAY PLAZA ROSLYN HEIGHTS, NEW YORK 11577 (516) 465-4000 (Name, address and telephone number of person authorized to receive notice and communications on behalf of the person filing statement) COPY TO: BARRY A. BRYER WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ 51 WEST 52ND STREET NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10019-6150 (212) 403-1000 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ITEM 1. SECURITY AND SUBJECT COMPANY. The name of the subject company is Cheyenne Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and the address of the principal executive offices of the Company is 3 Expressway Plaza, Roslyn Heights, New York 11577. The title of the class of equity securities to which this statement relates is the Company's common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"). Unless the context otherwise requires, as used herein, the term "Shares" shall mean shares of the Common Stock and the associated preferred share purchase rights (the "Rights") issued pursuant to the Rights Agreement, dated as of April 15, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"), between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent. ITEM 2. TENDER OFFER OF THE BIDDER. This statement relates to the tender offer (the "Offer") described in the Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 dated October 11, 1996 (as amended or supplemented, the "Schedule 14D-1"), filed by Tse-tsehese-staestse, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Purchaser"), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Computer Associates International, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("CA"), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") relating to an offer by the Purchaser to purchase all the issued and outstanding Shares at a price of $30.50 per Share, net to the seller in cash, without interest thereon (the "Offer Price"), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Purchaser's Offer to Purchase dated October 11, 1996, as amended or supplemented, and the related Letter of Transmittal (which together constitute the "Offer Documents"). The Offer Documents indicate that the principal executive offices of the Purchaser and CA are located at One Computer Associates Plaza, Islandia, New York 11788-7000. The Offer is being made pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 7, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement"), among the Company, CA and the Purchaser. A copy of the Merger Agreement is filed as Exhibit 1 to this Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (this "Schedule 14D-9") and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, following the consummation of the Offer, upon the earlier of November 30, 1996 or the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, the Purchaser will be merged with and into the Company (the "Merger"), with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation (the "Surviving Corporation"). In the Merger, each Share outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger (other than Shares held in the treasury of the Company, Shares owned by CA, the Purchaser or any other subsidiary of CA, or Shares held by stockholders who properly exercise their dissenters' rights under the Delaware General Corporation Law ("Delaware Law")) will, by virtue of the Merger and without any action by the holder thereof, be converted into the right to receive $30.50 per Share (or any higher price paid per Share in the Offer), net to the seller in cash, without interest thereon (the "Merger Consideration"), upon the surrender of the certificate formerly representing such Share. The Merger Agreement is summarized in Item 3 of this Schedule 14D-9. ITEM 3. IDENTITY AND BACKGROUND. (a) The name and address of the Company, which is the person filing this Schedule 14D-9, are set forth in Item 1 above. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to the Company in this Schedule 14D-9 are to the "Company" and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, viewed as a single entity. (b) Certain contracts, agreements, arrangements or understandings between the Company or its affiliates and certain of its executive officers, directors or affiliates are described in Annex A attached to this Schedule 14D-9 and incorporated herein by reference. Except as described or incorporated by reference herein, to the knowledge of the Company, as of the date hereof, there exists no material contract, agreement, arrangement or understanding and no actual or potential conflict of interest between the Company or its affiliates and (i) the Company's executive officers, directors or affiliates or (ii) CA or its executive officers, directors or affiliates. PRIOR RELATIONSHIP WITH CA The Company has entered into agreements from time to time in the ordinary course of business with CA and certain of its subsidiaries, none of which the Company believes to be material to this transaction. See Item 4, "The Solicitation or Recommendation -- (b) Background of the Offer; Reasons for the Recommendation -- Background" for a description of such agreements. MERGER AGREEMENT The following summary of the Merger Agreement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 1 to this Schedule 14D-9 and is incorporated herein by reference. The Merger Agreement should be read in its entirety for a more complete description of the matters summarized below. The Offer. The Merger Agreement provides for the making of the Offer. The obligation of the Purchaser to accept for payment or pay for Shares is subject to the satisfaction of the condition that there shall be validly tendered in accordance with the terms of the Offer prior to the expiration date of the Offer and not withdrawn a number of Shares which, together with the Shares then owned by CA and the Purchaser, represents at least a majority of the total number of outstanding Shares, assuming the exercise of all outstanding options, rights and convertible securities (if any) and the issuance of all Shares that the Company is obligated to issue (such total number of outstanding Shares being hereinafter referred to as the "Fully Diluted Shares") (the "Minimum Condition") and certain other conditions that are described below. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CA and the Purchaser expressly reserve the right to waive the conditions to the Offer and to make any change in the terms or conditions of the Offer; provided that, without the written consent of the Company, no change may be made which changes the form of consideration to be paid, decreases the price per Share or the number of Shares being sought in the Offer, imposes conditions to the Offer in addition to those set forth in the Merger Agreement, changes or waives the Minimum Condition, extends the Offer (except as set forth in the Merger -2- Agreement), or makes any other change to any condition to the Offer set forth in the Merger Agreement which is adverse to the holders of Shares. In addition, subject to CA's or the Company's ability to terminate the Merger Agreement under certain circumstances, if the applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the "HSR Act"), shall not have expired or been terminated as of the date the Offer would otherwise have expired, the Purchaser has agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to extend the Offer from time to time until the earlier of (x) the date that is 30 days after the first scheduled Expiration Date and (y) the date that such waiting period has expired or been terminated. Conditions of the Offer. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Offer, CA and the Purchaser shall not be required to accept for payment or pay for any Shares, and may terminate the Offer, if (i) by the expiration of the Offer, the Minimum Condition shall not have been satisfied, (ii) by the expiration of the Offer, the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act shall not have expired or been terminated, or (iii) at any time on or after October 7, 1996 and prior to the acceptance for payment of Shares, any of the following conditions exist: (a) there shall be instituted or pending any action or proceeding by any Governmental Entity (as defined below) or by any other person, domestic or foreign, before any Governmental Entity or arbitrator, (i) challenging or seeking to make illegal, to delay materially or otherwise directly or indirectly to restrain or prohibit the making of the Offer, the acceptance for payment of or payment for some of or all the Shares by CA or the Purchaser or the consummation by CA or the Purchaser of the Merger, seeking to obtain material damages or otherwise directly or indirectly relating to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, (ii) seeking to restrain or prohibit CA's or the Purchaser's ownership or operation (or that of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) of all or any material portion of the business or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of CA and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or to compel CA or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates to dispose of or hold separate all or any material portion of the business or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of CA and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iii) seeking to impose material limitations on the ability of CA or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates effectively to exercise full rights of ownership of the Shares, including, without limitation, the right to vote any Shares acquired or owned by CA or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates on all matters properly presented to the Company's stockholders, (iv) seeking to require divestiture by CA or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates of any Shares, or (v) that otherwise, in the judgment of CA, is likely to materially adversely affect the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or CA and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided that, in the case of any instituted or pending action or proceeding described in this paragraph (a) above by a person other than a Governmental Entity, there is a substantial probability of a determination material and adverse to CA or any of its subsidiaries or the Company or any of its subsidiaries in such action or proceeding; or (b) there shall be any action taken, or any statute, rule, regulation, injunction, order or decree proposed, enacted, enforced, promulgated, issued or deemed applicable to the Merger Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, by any Governmental Entity or arbitrator other than the application of the waiting period provisions of the HSR Act to -3- the Merger Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, that, in the judgment of CA, is likely, directly or indirectly, to result in any of the consequences referred to in clauses (i) through (v) of paragraph (a) above; or (c) any change shall have occurred or been threatened (or any development shall have occurred or been threatened involving a prospective change) in the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that, in the reasonable judgment of CA, is or is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below); or (d) there shall have occurred (i) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, securities on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. or on the American Stock Exchange, Inc. (ii) a declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States, (iii) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any Governmental Entity on the extension of credit by banks or other lending institutions, (iv) a commencement of a war or armed hostilities or other national or international calamity directly or indirectly involving the United States which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or prevent (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer or (v) in the case of any of the foregoing existing at the time of commencement of the Offer, a material acceleration or worsening thereof; or (e) any Consent (as defined below) (other than the filing of a certificate of merger or approval by the stockholders of the Company of the Merger (if required by Delaware Law)) required to be filed, occurred or been obtained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or CA or any of its subsidiaries (including the Purchaser) in connection with the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement, the Offer and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement shall not have been filed, occurred or been obtained (other than any such Consents the failure to file, occur or obtain in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to (1) have a Material Adverse Effect or (2) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Offer or the Merger); or (f) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements under the Merger Agreement, or any of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in the Merger Agreement that is qualified as to materiality shall not be true when made or at any time prior to consummation of the Offer as if made at and as of such time, or any of the representations and warranties set forth in the Merger Agreement that is not so qualified shall not be true in any material respect when made or at any time prior to the consummation of the Offer as if made at and as of such time; or (g) the Merger Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with its terms; or (h) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special committee thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Merger or the Merger Agreement; or (i) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or agreement in principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal (as defined below); -4- which, in the sole judgment of CA in any such case, and regardless of the circumstances (including any action or omission by CA or the Purchaser) giving rise to any such condition, makes it inadvisable to proceed with such acceptance for payment or payment. The term "Material Adverse Effect" means a material adverse effect on the financial condition, business or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, except that occurrences due solely to a disruption of the Company's or its subsidiary's businesses solely as a result of the announcement of the execution of the Merger Agreement and the transactions proposed to be consummated by the Merger Agreement shall be excluded from consideration for purposes of the effect of an action or inaction on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole. The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of CA and the Purchaser and may be asserted by CA in its sole discretion regardless of the circumstances (including any action or omission by CA or the Purchaser) giving rise to any such condition or (other than the Minimum Condition) may be waived by CA and the Purchaser in their sole discretion in whole at any time or in part from time to time. The failure by CA or the Purchaser at any time to exercise its rights under any of the foregoing conditions shall not be deemed a waiver of any such right; the waiver of any such right with respect to particular facts and circumstances shall not be deemed a waiver with respect to any other facts and circumstances, and each such right shall be deemed an ongoing right which may be asserted at any time or from time to time. Any determination by CA concerning the events described in the foregoing conditions will be final and binding upon all parties to the Merger Agreement. Consideration to be Paid in the Merger. The Merger Agreement provides that, following the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer and upon the terms (but subject to the conditions) set forth in the Merger Agreement, the Purchaser will be merged with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the Surviving Corporation. In the Merger, each outstanding Share not held by CA, the Purchaser or any subsidiary of either of them or by the Company as treasury stock (and other than Shares as to which appraisal rights have been exercised pursuant to Section 262 of the Delaware Law) will be converted into the right to receive $30.50 in cash or any higher price paid for each Share in the Offer, without interest. Each share of common stock of the Purchaser issued and outstanding immediately prior to the time of the Merger will be converted into and become one share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation, which will thereupon become a wholly owned subsidiary of CA. The Merger Agreement provides that (i) the closing of the Merger shall take place, after consummation of the Offer, on the later of (a) November 30, 1996, provided that as of such date the conditions to the Merger set forth in the Merger Agreement shall be fulfilled or waived and (b) the first business day on which all of the conditions to the Merger set forth in the Merger Agreement shall be fulfilled or waived, and (ii) as soon as practicable following the closing of the Merger, the Company and the Purchaser will file a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and make all other filings or recordings required by Delaware Law in connection with the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such time as the certificate of merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or, with the consent of the Independent Director referred to below, at such later time as is specified in the certificate of merger (the "Effective Time"). Board Representation. The Merger Agreement provides that, effective upon acceptance for payment by the Purchaser of such number of Shares which satisfies the -5- Minimum Condition, CA shall be entitled to designate the number of directors, rounded up to the nearest whole number, on the Company's Board of Directors that equals the product of (i) the total number of directors on the Company's Board of Directors and (ii) the percentage that the number of Shares owned by CA or the Purchaser (including Shares accepted for payment) bears to the total number of Shares outstanding. The Company has agreed that it will take all action necessary to cause CA's designees to be elected or appointed to the Company's Board of Directors, including increasing the number of directors or seeking and accepting resignations of incumbent directors or both; provided that, prior to the Effective Time, the Company's Board of Directors shall always have one member who is neither a designee nor an affiliate of CA or the Purchaser nor an employee of the Company (an "Independent Director"). No action proposed to be taken by the Company to amend or terminate the Merger Agreement or waive any action by CA or the Purchaser shall be effective without the approval of the Independent Director. The Merger Agreement provides that, from and after the Effective Time, the directors and officers of the Purchaser at the Effective Time will be the initial directors and officers of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office until his or her respective successors are duly elected and qualified. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Certificate of Incorporation (except for a change in the name of the corporation) and the By-Laws of the Purchaser, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, will be the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Surviving Corporation. Stockholder Meeting. The Merger Agreement provides that, if required by applicable law, the Company will call a meeting of its stockholders to be held as soon as reasonably practicable for the purpose of voting on the approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Merger. Under the Merger Agreement, at any such meeting, CA has agreed to make a quorum and to vote all Shares acquired in the Offer or otherwise beneficially owned by it in favor of adoption of the Merger Agreement. If the Minimum Condition is satisfied pursuant to the Offer, the Purchaser will hold at least a majority of the outstanding Shares on a Fully Diluted Basis and will be able to assure that the requisite number of affirmative votes in favor of approval and adoption of the Merger Agreement will be received, even if no other Stockholder votes in favor thereof. If the Purchaser obtains at least 90% of the outstanding Shares, it may effect the Merger without any notice to and without the authorization of the stockholders of the Company pursuant to the "short-form" merger provisions of Delaware Law. Representations and Warranties. The Merger Agreement contains various representations and warranties of the parties thereto. These include representations and warranties of the Company with respect to corporate existence and power, corporate authorization, governmental authorization, non-contravention, capitalization, subsidiaries, Commission filings, financial statements, absence of certain changes, undisclosed liabilities, litigation, taxes, employee benefits, brokers, compliance with laws, contracts and debt instruments, intellectual property and technology and other matters. CA and the Purchaser have also made certain representations and warranties with respect to corporate existence and power, corporate authorization, governmental authorization, non-contravention, brokers, financing and other matters. -6- Conduct of Business Pending the Merger. The Company has agreed that, during the period from the date of the Merger Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company will, and will cause its subsidiaries to, carry on their respective businesses in the ordinary course in substantially the same manner as theretofore conducted and, to the extent consistent therewith, use all reasonable efforts to preserve intact their current business organizations, keep available the services of their current officers and employees and preserve their relationships with customers, suppliers, licensors, licensees, distributors and others having business dealings with them. The Company has further agreed that, during the period from the date of the Merger Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company will not, and will not permit any of its subsidiaries to, without the prior written approval of CA, (i)(a) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions in respect of, any of its capital stock, other than dividends and distributions by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to its parent, (b) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or (c) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares or other securities (other than in connection with the exercise of outstanding company stock options); (ii) issue, deliver, sell, pledge or otherwise encumber any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or any securities convertible into, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares, voting securities or convertible securities (other than the issuance of Shares upon the exercise of company stock options outstanding on the date of the Merger Agreement in accordance with their terms on such date); (iii) amend its certificate of incorporation, by-laws or other comparable charter or organizational documents; (iv) (a) mortgage or otherwise encumber or, subject to any lien any of the Company's intellectual property or any other material properties or assets, (b) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and pursuant to existing contracts or commitments, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of the Company's intellectual property or any other material properties or assets or (c) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or pursuant to existing contracts or commitments, license any of the Company's intellectual property; (v) make or agree to make any new capital expenditures individually in excess of $250,000; (vi) make any material tax election (unless required by law) or settle or compromise any material income tax liability; (vii) pay, discharge or satisfy any claims, liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than the payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and in accordance with their terms, of (i) liabilities reflected or reserved against in, or contemplated by, the most recent consolidated financial statements (or the notes thereto) of the Company included in the documents filed with the Commission or (ii) liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or, subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by counsel to the Company, waive the benefits of, or agree to modify in any manner, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party; (viii) commence a lawsuit other than (a) for the routine collection of bills, (b) to enforce the Merger Agreement or (c) in such cases where the Company in good faith determines that the failure to commence suit would result in a material impairment of a valuable aspect of the Company's business, provided that the Company consults with CA prior to filing such suit; (ix) (a) enter into or amend any employment agreement, (b) enter into any customer sale or license agreement with non-standard terms or at discounts from list prices from that typically granted to similarly situated customers in accordance with past -7- practice; provided that such action with respect to a customer sale or license agreement that is immaterial in amount and term will not be deemed to violate this provision if the Company has (1) used its best efforts to ensure compliance with this provision and (2) taken prompt corrective action in the event of a violation sufficient to ensure that no similar violation will occur in the future, (c) pay commissions to sales employees except pursuant to quarterly draws consistent with past practice or on the basis of executed customer contracts with respect to products actually delivered to customers, (d) without the consent of CA which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, enter into any contracts or series of related contracts in excess of $500,000 for any contract or $1,000,000 for any series of related contracts, (e) enter into or amend any agreement or arrangement for professional services or advice except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (f) enter into or amend any customer agreements providing for product replacements except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or (g) make any determination as to amounts payable under any plan, arrangement or agreement, providing for discretionary incentive compensation or bonus to any officer, director, employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (x) hire additional employees except in accordance with existing budgets; provided that the aggregate number of employees of the Company and its subsidiaries shall not be increased by more than eight percent per quarter over the number of employees on the date of the Merger Agreement; (xi) authorize any of, or commit or agree to take any of, the foregoing actions; or (xii) (a) take or agree or commit to take any action that would make any representation or warranty of the Company under the Merger Agreement inaccurate in any respect at, or as of any time prior to, the Effective Time or (b) omit or agree or commit to omit to take any action necessary to prevent any such representation or warranty from being inaccurate in any respect at any such time. The Company has agreed to give CA and its representatives access (during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice) to the offices, properties, books and records, of the Company and its subsidiaries, and to furnish CA and its representatives with such other information concerning its business, properties and personnel as such persons may reasonably request. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each of CA and the Company has agreed to (i) promptly make or cause to be made the filings required of such party or any of its subsidiaries under the HSR Act with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, (ii) comply at the earliest practicable date with any request under the HSR Act for additional information, documents, or other material received by such party or any of its subsidiaries from any Governmental Entity in respect of such filings or such transactions, and (iii) cooperate with the other party in connection with any such filing and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry of any such agency or other Governmental Entity under any Antitrust Laws (as defined below) with respect to any such filing or any such transaction. Each of CA and the Company has agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to promptly inform the other of any communication with, and any proposed understanding, undertaking, or agreement with, any Governmental Entity regarding any such filings or any such transaction. The Merger Agreement prohibits both CA and the Company from participating in any meeting with any Governmental Entity in respect of any such filings, investigation, or other inquiry without giving the other notice of the meeting and, to the extent permitted by such Governmental Entity, the opportunity to attend and participate. -8- Each of CA and the Company has agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to use all reasonable efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted by any Governmental Entity with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under the HSR Act, the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, and any other Federal, state or foreign statutes, rules, regulations, orders or decrees that are designed to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade (collectively, "Antitrust Laws"). In connection therewith, if any administrative or judicial action or proceeding is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging any transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement as violative of any Antitrust Law, and, if by mutual agreement, CA and the Company decide that litigation is in their best interests, each of CA and the Company have agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to cooperate and use all reasonable efforts vigorously to contest and resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated, lifted, reversed, or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order, whether temporary, preliminary or permanent, that is in effect and that prohibits, prevents, or restricts consummation of the Merger or any such other transactions. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each of CA and the Company have agreed to use all reasonable efforts to take such action as may be required to cause the expiration of the notice periods under the HSR Act or other Antitrust Laws with respect to such transactions as promptly as possible after the execution of the Merger Agreement. Subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by counsel to the Company, each of CA and the Company has agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the Offer, the Merger, and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Merger Agreement provides that (i) neither CA nor any of its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of their respective businesses, product lines or assets, (ii) neither CA nor any of its subsidiaries shall be required to take or agree to take any other action or agree to any limitation that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, assets, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of CA and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or of CA combined with the Surviving Corporation after the Effective Time, (iii) neither the Company nor its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of their respective businesses, product lines or assets, or to take or agree to take any other action or agree to any limitation that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (iv) no party shall be required to agree to the imposition of, or to comply with, any condition, obligation or restriction on CA or any of its subsidiaries or on the Surviving Corporation or any of its subsidiaries of the type described in paragraph (a) or (b) under "--Conditions of the Offer" above and (v) neither CA nor the Purchaser shall be required to waive any of the conditions to the Offer or any of the conditions to the Merger. Agreements with respect to Employee Matters. CA has agreed in the Merger Agreement to honor in accordance with their terms all of the Company's employee benefit plans (including employment agreements) previously delivered to CA and all accrued benefits vested thereunder; provided that nothing in the Merger Agreement shall prevent CA from terminating any such benefit plan in accordance with its terms. CA has also -9- agreed to provide employees of the Company and its subsidiaries retained by CA with employee benefits in the aggregate no less favorable than those benefits provided to CA's similarly situated employees; provided that CA shall be under no obligation to retain any employee or group of employees of the Company or its subsidiaries. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, each of the then outstanding Company Options (as defined below) shall by virtue of the Merger, and without any further action on the part of any holder thereof, become fully exercisable and vested and be assumed by CA and converted into an option to purchase that number of shares of common stock, par value $.10 per share ("CA Common Stock"), of CA determined by multiplying the number of Shares subject to such Company Option at the Effective Time by the quotient obtained by dividing (x) $30.50 by (y) the average closing price of CA Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape for the 20 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the Effective Time (such quotient, the "Conversion Number"), at an exercise price per share of CA Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the exercise price per Share of such Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time by (y) the Conversion Number. If the foregoing calculation results in an assumed Company Option being exercisable for a fraction of a share of CA Common Stock, then the number of shares of CA Common Stock subject to such option shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares. Except as otherwise set forth in the Merger Agreement, the term, status as an "incentive stock option" under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if applicable, and all other terms and conditions of Company Options will, to the extent permitted by law and otherwise reasonably practicable, be unchanged. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company agreed to take, or cause to be taken, all actions which are necessary, proper or advisable under the Stock Plans (as defined below) to make effective the transactions described in this paragraph. "Company Options" means any option granted, and not exercised or expired, to a current or former employee, director or independent contractor of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor thereof to purchase Shares pursuant to any stock option, stock bonus, stock award, or stock purchase plan, program, or arrangement of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor thereof (collectively, the "Stock Plans") or any other contract or agreement entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CA has agreed to take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of CA Common Stock for delivery pursuant to the terms described in the immediately preceding paragraph. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CA agreed to cause the shares of CA Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the assumed Company Options to be registered, or to be issued pursuant to a then effective registration statement, no later than 90 days after the Effective Time on Form S-8 promulgated by the Commission, and to use its best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or registration statements for so long as such assumed Company Options remain outstanding. The Merger Agreement provides that, with respect to those individuals who subsequent to the Merger will be subject to the reporting requirements under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1936, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), CA shall administer the Company Options assumed pursuant to the Merger Agreement in a manner that complies with Rule 16b-3 promulgated by the Commission under the Exchange Act, but shall have no responsibility for such compliance by the Company or its predecessors. -10- Other Offers. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Company has agreed that the Company and its subsidiaries will not, and will not authorize or permit the officers, directors, employees or other agents of the Company and its subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action to solicit, initiate or encourage any Acquisition Proposal or (ii) subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors under applicable law, as advised in writing by counsel to the Company, engage in negotiations with, or disclose any nonpublic information relating to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or afford access to the properties, books or records of the Company or any of its subsidiaries to, any person that has advised the Company or otherwise publicized the fact that it may be considering making, or that has made, an Acquisition Proposal; provided, nothing herein shall prohibit the Company's Board of Directors from taking and disclosing to the Company's stockholders a position with respect to a tender offer pursuant to Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company has agreed to promptly notify CA after receipt of any Acquisition Proposal or any notice that any person is considering making an Acquisition Proposal or any request for nonpublic information relating to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or for access to the properties, books or records of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by any person that has advised the Company or otherwise publicized the fact that it may be considering making, or that has made, an Acquisition Proposal and will keep CA informed of the status and details of any such Acquisition Proposal, indication or request. "Acquisition Proposal" means any offer or proposal for, or any written indication of interest in, a merger or other business combination involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries or the acquisition of any significant equity interest in, or a significant portion of the assets of, the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Rights Agreement. In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, the Company amended the Rights Agreement to make it and the Rights inapplicable to the Offer and the Merger. The Merger Agreement provides that, except with respect to amending the Rights Agreement to make it and the Rights inapplicable to the Offer and the Merger, the Company shall not redeem the Rights or amend or terminate the Rights Agreement prior to the Effective Time unless required to do so by a court of competent jurisdiction. See "Item 8. Additional Information to be Furnished -- Rights Agreement Amendment." Agreement with respect to Director and Officer Indemnification and Insurance. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, CA has agreed, subject to any limitation imposed from time to time under applicable law, that, for a period of six years after the Effective Time, it will indemnify and hold harmless the present and former officers, directors, employees and agents of the Company in respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Effective Time to the extent provided under the Company's certificate of incorporation and by-laws in effect on the date of the Merger Agreement. CA has further agreed that, for four years after the Effective Time, it will cause the Surviving Corporation to provide officers' and directors' liability insurance in respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Effective Time covering each such person currently covered by the Company's officers' and directors' liability insurance policy on terms substantially similar to those of such policy in effect on the date of the Merger Agreement, provided that in satisfying such obligation, CA is not obligated to cause the Surviving Corporation to pay premiums in excess of 105% of the amount per annum the Company paid in its last full fiscal year, and if the Surviving Corporation is unable to obtain such insurance, it shall obtain as much comparable insurance as possible for an annual premium equal to such -11- maximum amount. CA has also agreed that, in the event any such indemnified person is or becomes involved in any capacity in any action, proceeding or investigation in connection with any matter relating to the Merger, the Offer or the Merger Agreement occurring on or prior to the Effective Time, it will pay as incurred such indemnified person's reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any investigation and preparation) incurred in connection therewith. Other Agreements. CA has agreed that it will take all action necessary to cause the Purchaser to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement and to consummate the Offer and the Merger on the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. CA also agreed, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, to hold in confidence all confidential information concerning the Company and its subsidiaries in accordance with the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, dated October 1, 1996, between CA and the Company, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 5 to this Schedule 14D-9 and is incorporated herein by reference. Conditions to the Merger. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the respective obligations of each party to consummate the Merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver, where permissible, at or before the Effective Time of the following conditions: (i) CA or the Purchaser shall have purchased Shares in an amount equal to at least the Minimum Condition pursuant to the Offer, (ii) the adoption and approval of the Merger Agreement by the affirmative vote of the stockholders by requisite vote in accordance with Delaware Law, if such vote is required by Delaware Law, (iii) no provision of any applicable law or regulation and no judgment, injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the consummation of the Merger, (iv) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act relating to the Merger shall have expired, and (v) other than filing the certificate of merger in accordance with Delaware Law, all consents, approvals, orders or authorizations of, or registrations, declarations or filings with or exemptions by (collectively, "Consents") any Federal, state or local government or any court, administrative or regulatory agency or commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (a "Governmental Entity") required to consummate the Merger shall have been filed, occurred or been obtained (other than any such Consents the failure to occur, obtain or file, in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to (a) have a Material Adverse Effect or (b) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Merger). Termination. The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Effective Time (notwithstanding any approval of the Merger Agreement by the stockholders) (i) by mutual written consent of the Company and CA, (ii) by either the Company or CA, if the Merger has not been consummated by April 7, 1997 (provided that the party seeking to terminate the Merger Agreement shall not have breached its obligations under the Merger Agreement in any material respect), (iii) by either the Company or CA, if there shall be any law or regulation that makes consummation of the Merger illegal or otherwise prohibited or if any judgment, injunction, order or decree enjoining CA or the Company from consummating the Merger is entered and such judgment, injunction, order or decree shall become final and nonappealable, (iv) by either the Company or CA, (a) if CA shall have failed to commence the Offer within five business days following the date of the Merger Agreement (provided that CA shall not be entitled to terminate the Merger Agreement in the circumstance described in this sub-clause (a) as a result of its breach of the Merger Agreement), (b) if CA or the Purchaser shall not have purchased any Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to February 21, 1997 or (c) if the Offer shall have been -12- terminated without CA or the Purchaser having purchased any Shares pursuant to the Offer, (v) by CA, upon the occurrence of any Trigger Event (as defined below), or (vi) by the Company, if the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or an agreement in principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal. Fees and Expenses. Each party to the Merger Agreement has agreed to pay its own fees and expenses and there are no provisions for payment by the Company of the fees and expenses of CA or the Purchaser or vice versa, if the Merger Agreement is terminated, except as stated below. The Company has agreed to pay CA a fee in immediately available funds, promptly, but in no event later than two business days, after the termination of the Merger Agreement as a result of the occurrence of any of the events set forth below (a "Trigger Event") in an amount equal to (a) $37,500,000, in the case of the occurrence of a Trigger Event described in clause (i) or (iii) below and (b) $20,000,000, in the case of the occurrence of a Trigger Event described in clause (ii) below: (i) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or an agreement in principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal, (ii) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any respect any of its obligations, covenants or agreements under the Merger Agreement or any representation or warranty of the Company set forth in the Merger Agreement (other than breaches or failures to perform or comply that, in the aggregate, do not have a Material Adverse Effect), or (iii) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special committee thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Merger or the Merger Agreement. The Company has also agreed that, if the Merger Agreement is terminated as a result of the occurrence of a Trigger Event, it shall assume and pay, or reimburse CA for, all fees payable and expenses incurred by CA (including the fees and expenses of its counsel) in connection with the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, up to a maximum of $5,000,000. Timing. The exact timing and details of the Merger will depend upon legal requirements and a variety of other factors, including the number of Shares acquired by the Purchaser pursuant to the Offer. Although CA has agreed to cause the Merger to be consummated on the terms set forth above, there can be no assurance as to the timing of the Merger. Appraisal Rights. Stockholders do not have dissenters' rights as a result of the Offer. However, if the Merger is consummated, stockholders of the Company at the time of the Merger who do not vote in favor of or consent in writing to the Merger will have the right under Delaware Law to dissent and demand appraisal of their Shares in accordance with Section 262 of the Delaware Law. Under Delaware Law, dissenting stockholders who comply with the applicable statutory procedures will be entitled to receive a judicial determination of the fair value of their Shares (exclusive of any element of value arising from the accomplishment or expectation of the Merger) and to receive payment of such fair value in cash, together with a fair rate of interest, if any. Any such judicial determination of the fair value of the Shares could be based upon considerations other than or in addition to the price paid in the Offer (or the Merger) and the market value of the Shares. Stockholders should recognize that the value so determined could be higher or lower than the price per Share paid pursuant to the Offer or the Merger. Moreover, CA or -13- the Purchaser may argue in an appraisal proceeding that, for purposes of such a proceeding, the fair value of the Shares is less than the price paid in the Offer (or the Merger). THE FOREGOING SUMMARY OF THE RIGHTS OF DISSENTING STOCKHOLDERS DOES NOT PURPORT TO BE A COMPLETE STATEMENT OF PROCEDURES TO BE FOLLOWED BY STOCKHOLDERS DESIRING TO EXERCISE THEIR DISSENTERS' RIGHTS. ITEM 4. THE SOLICITATION OR RECOMMENDATION. (a) Recommendation of the Board of Directors. The Company's Board of Directors has unanimously approved the Merger Agreement and determined that the Offer and the Merger are fair to and in the best interests of the stockholders of the Company (other than CA and its subsidiaries) and recommends that all stockholders of the Company accept the Offer and tender all their Shares pursuant to the Offer. This recommendation is based in part upon an opinion received by the Company from Lazard Freres & Co. LLC ("Lazard Freres") that the consideration to be received by the Company's stockholders in the Offer and received by the Company's stockholders in the Merger, taken as a whole, is fair to the stockholders (other than CA and its subsidiaries) from a financial point of view. The full text of the fairness opinion received by the Company from Lazard Freres is filed as Exhibit 3 to this Schedule 14D-9 and is also attached hereto as Annex B. Stockholders are urged to read such opinion in its entirety. As set forth in the Offer Documents, the Purchaser will purchase Shares tendered prior to the close of the Offer if the Minimum Condition has been satisfied by that time and if all other conditions to the Offer have been satisfied (or waived). Stockholders considering not tendering their Shares in order to wait for the Merger should note that if the Minimum Condition is not satisfied or any of the other conditions to the Offer are not satisfied, the Purchaser is not obligated to purchase any Shares, and can terminate the Offer and the Merger Agreement and not proceed with the Merger. Under Delaware Law, the approval of the Board and the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares are required to approve the Merger. Accordingly, if the Minimum Condition is satisfied, the Purchaser will have sufficient voting power to cause the approval of the Merger without the affirmative vote of any other stockholder. The Offer is scheduled to expire at 12:00 Midnight, New York City time, on Friday, November 8, 1996, unless the Purchaser, in its sole discretion, elects to extend the period of time for which the Offer is open. A copy of the press release issued jointly by the Company and the Purchaser on October 7, 1996 announcing the Merger and the amended Offer is filed as Exhibit 4 to this Schedule 14D-9 and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. (b) Background of the Offer; Reasons for the Recommendation. In reaching its conclusions described in paragraph (a) above, the Board of Directors of the Company considered a number of factors, including, without limitation, the following: (i) the financial and other terms and conditions of the Offer and the Merger Agreement; -14- (ii) the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, assets, liabilities, business strategy and prospects, as well as various uncertainties associated with those prospects, including the view of the Company's management that the Company would likely face increasing difficulties as a stand-alone company in its changing competitive environment because, among other things, it lacked the size and capital base necessary to fully exploit the diverse and growing markets which it serves; (iii) the facts that the $30.50 per Share price to be received by the Company's stockholders in both the Offer and the Merger represents a 36% premium over the closing market price of $22-3/8 per Share on October 4, 1996, the last full trading day prior to the announcement of the execution of the Merger Agreement, and premiums of 53% and 60% over the average closing prices for the 30-day period and the 60-day period, respectively, preceding October 4, 1996; and that such price would be payable in cash, thus eliminating any uncertainties in valuing the consideration to be received by the Company's stockholders; (iv) the fact that the Offer and the Merger would not be subject to any financing condition, that CA has represented that the funds necessary to consummate the Offer and the Merger will be provided and has agreed to cause the Purchaser to fully perform all of the Purchaser's obligations under the Merger Agreement; (v) the oral opinion of Lazard Freres, confirmed in writing, that the consideration to be received by the Company's stockholders pursuant to the Offer and the Merger is fair to such stockholders from a financial point of view; a copy of Lazard Freres' written opinion is attached to this Schedule 14D-9 as Annex B and is incorporated herein by reference. Such opinion should be read in its entirety for a description of the procedures followed, assumptions and qualifications made, matters considered and limitations of the review undertaken by Lazard Freres; (vi) the presentation of Lazard Freres to the Board of Directors at its meeting on October 7, 1996, as to various financial and other matters deemed relevant to the Board of Director's consideration, including, among other things, (a) a review of the Company's historical and projected operating performance, (b) a review of various financial forecasts and other data provided to Lazard Freres relating to the Company's business, (c) a review of the historical stock prices and trading volumes of the Shares, (d) a review of the trading performance of certain publicly traded software companies, (e) a review of certain transactions in the software industry, (f) a review of premiums paid in certain other transactions, (g) a discounted cash flow valuation of the Company, and (h) an analysis of the Offer Price as a multiple of various measures of the Company's operating performance; (vii) the fact that, despite the extensive publicity over an extended period following the rejection by the Company of a takeover attempt by McAfee Associates, Inc. ("McAfee") which highlighted the Company as a potential candidate for sale, no other potential acquiror had expressed any substantial interest in engaging in a business combination or other strategic transaction with the Company, no acquisition proposals had been received and no discussions had been held; -15- (viii) the opinion of the Company's management that the strategic fit between CA and the Company would likely yield significant business and operational synergies, a significant portion of which could be passed on to the Company's current stockholders in the form of a premium over the preexisting market price for the Shares; (ix) the fact that CA had indicated its intention to retain all of the Company's employees and was willing to announce such intention in the press release announcing that it had entered into the Merger Agreement with the Company; and (x) the fact that, to the extent required by the fiduciary obligations of the Board of Directors of the Company to the stockholders under Delaware Law, the Company may terminate the Merger Agreement in order to approve a tender offer or exchange offer for the Shares or other proposed business combination by a third party on terms more favorable to the Company's stockholders than the Offer and the Merger taken together, upon the payment of a $37,500,000 termination fee and up to $5,000,000 of CA's expenses associated with the Offer and the Merger. See "Item 3. Identity and Background -- Merger Agreement -- Termination." BACKGROUND. The Company has had contacts and entered into agreements from time to time in the ordinary course of its business with CA and certain of its subsidiaries, including the licensing of certain technology of the Company to CA for integration with CA's products and the distribution of certain CA products by the Company. In light of the physical proximity of the Company and CA on Long Island, New York and the ongoing business relationships between them, the Company and CA have been very familiar with each other for several years and there have been many contacts between senior executives of the two companies unrelated to this transaction. In April 1996, the Company received an unsolicited proposal from McAfee for a business combination which implied a price of $27.50 per Share in McAfee stock, which the Board of Directors of the Company, after due consideration, rejected as financially inadequate and as lacking in technology and management synergies. McAfee withdrew its acquisition proposal and the Company did not receive any substantial expressions of interest from any third parties at that time. The Company, having considered various alternatives available to it, determined to continue to pursue its strategic plan. During May 1996, Charles B. Wang, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Computer Associates, Sanjay Kumar, President and Chief Operating Officer of Computer Associates, and ReiJane Huai, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, met to discuss the existing relationships and synergies of the companies and ways of expanding the existing relationships between them. On June 2, 1996, at CA's suggestion, Mr. Huai met at Mr. Kumar's home with Mr. Wang, Mr. Kumar and certain other executives of the companies, to discuss the possibility of a business combination between the parties. -16- At a meeting of the Board of Directors held on June 16, 1996, Mr. ReiJane Huai, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, reviewed with the other members of the Board of Directors the fact that CA had contacted the Company with regard to a possible business combination. In June 1996, the Company engaged Lazard Freres to act as the Company's financial advisor, and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz to act as its legal counsel, in connection with a possible sale of the Company. Both of such firms had advised the Company in connection with the McAfee bid. In June 1996, there were further discussions between senior executives of CA and the Company, at which a possible business combination transaction between CA and the Company was discussed. However, no information was exchanged and such discussions did not result in any proposals being made or negotiations being held at that time. At a meeting of the Board of Directors held on July 12, 1996, Mr. Huai again reviewed with the other members of the Board of Directors the discussions which had taken place with CA, and the Board of Directors approved the Company's entering into a confidentiality agreement with CA, and commencing mutual due diligence investigations. However, discussions with CA ceased with no confidentiality agreement having been entered into at that time. Representatives of the Company and CA and their respective advisors had a number of conversations in July regarding a possible combination of the Company and CA in a stock for stock transaction, but these conversations did not result in a proposal being made by CA or in negotiations with respect to a transaction. There was some discussion regarding mutual due diligence reviews; however the parties did not agree on the terms of a confidentiality agreement at that time and discussions ceased. On August 7, 1996, representatives of the parties met, at the initiation of CA, and again discussed the possibility of a business combination in the form of a stock-for-stock transaction. At that time, the exchange ratio for the Shares which was discussed represented a materially lower valuation per Share than the $30.50 cash price in the Offer. No understanding was reached with respect to the basic financial terms. Accordingly, the parties determined not to enter into a confidentiality agreement, exchange information or engage in further discussions at that time. On September 27, 1996, Mr. Huai was meeting with Mr. Wang on unrelated business, when the possibility of a combination was again raised. Later that day, Mr. Kumar contacted Mr. Huai and a representative of Lazard Freres by telephone and requested a meeting to discuss a possible acquisition of the Company by CA at a substantial premium to the market price for the Shares. Mr. Kumar met on September 29, 1996, with representatives of Lazard Freres, and indicated that CA was willing to consider an all-cash transaction at a substantial premium to acquire the Company. The representatives of Lazard Freres indicated that they would discuss such proposal with the Company. Later on September 29, 1996, Mr. Kumar telephoned Mr. Huai and discussed with him the terms of a possible acquisition of the Company by CA. A subsequent conversation between Mr. Kumar and the Lazard Freres representatives ensued. -17- On October 1, 1996, following a meeting between Mr. Kumar and Mr. Huai and certain other executives of CA and the Company, the Company and CA entered into a confidentiality agreement and, later that day, the Company provided detailed legal and operating data to CA, and members of the Company's management met with members of management of CA to discuss certain aspects of the Company's business. The parties decided to begin working on all aspects of the transaction other than price immediately so that, if agreement could be reached on the financial terms on Sunday, October 6, 1996, the agreement could be completed and announced on Monday, October 7, 1996 and the necessary documents filed with the Commission promptly thereafter. Accordingly, representatives of CA and the Company participated in further due diligence and merger agreement discussions on October 2 and 3, 1996. On October 4, 1996, the Board of Directors met by telephone and reviewed the status of the proposed transaction with CA. After considering various factors, it was the consensus of the Board of Directors that management, together with the Company's advisors, continue negotiations with CA. On October 6, 1996, the parties met with their legal counsel and, in the case of the Company, financial advisors, in an effort to resolve the remaining economic points of the transaction and to finalize the merger agreement. Late in the morning, negotiations between the Company and CA reached an impasse with CA offering a price of $30.30 per Share and the Company seeking a higher price. Following a lunch meeting between Mr. Kumar and Mr. Huai which failed to resolve the difference in price level, Mr. Kumar delivered a letter to Mr. Huai, addressed to the Board of Directors of the Company, which reflected a proposal by CA subject, among other things, to approval of the CA Board of Directors, to acquire all of the outstanding Shares at a price of $28.50 per Share in cash. At 4.00 p.m. on October 6, 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company met, as previously scheduled, and unanimously rejected the $28.50 proposal by CA as inadequate. CA was promptly informed of the Company Board of Directors action. Later that evening, Mr. Kumar telephoned Mr. Huai and, after expressing CA's firm resolve to acquire the Company, telecopied to Mr. Huai a second letter, in which CA offered to acquire all of the Shares at a price of $30.30 per Share in cash. The second letter was not conditioned on the approval of the CA Board of Directors and indicated that CA intended to announce publicly its offer to acquire the Company the following morning. Following a telephone conversation between Mr. Kumar and representatives of Lazard Freres, the parties decided to meet later that night in an attempt to resolve the remaining issues between them. In negotiations involving certain executive officers of the Company and CA, the purchase price of $30.50 per Share, the termination fees and the principal remaining issues on the merger agreement were agreed upon. The Board of Directors of the Company met early in the morning of October 7, 1996 and, after a discussion and receipt of the fairness opinion of Lazard Freres, unanimously approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, subject to approval of the final terms by the officers of the Company. The Merger Agreement was then finalized and executed and was publicly announced on October 7, 1996. On October 11, 1996, the Purchaser commenced the Offer. -18- ITEM 5. PERSONS RETAINED, EMPLOYED OR TO BE COMPENSATED. The Company retained Lazard Freres as its financial advisor in connection with the Offer and the Merger. Pursuant to its agreements with the Company, dated April 18, 1996 and June 7, 1996, Lazard Freres (i) became entitled to receive $1,000,000 upon execution of the Merger Agreement and the public announcement of the Offer and Merger, and (ii) Lazard Freres will be entitled to receive, immediately prior to the consummation of the Offer, an amount equal to 0.425% of the aggregate consideration to be paid by the Purchaser less the $1,000,000 previously paid pursuant to clause (i). For the purposes of the determination of the fee owed to Lazard Freres, "aggregate consideration" means the total amount of cash and the fair market value (on the date of payment) of all other property paid or payable by the Purchaser or CA to the Company or its securityholders in connection with the Offer and the Merger, including amounts paid or payable in respect of options or similar rights, whether or not vested, plus the principal amount of all indebtedness for borrowed money as set forth in the most recent consolidated balance sheet prior to consummation of the Offer and Merger. In addition, whether or not the Offer and the Merger is completed, the Company has agreed to pay Lazard Freres a quarterly financial advisory fee of $50,000 (up to a maximum of $200,000, which fee commenced with the execution of the initial engagement letter on April 18, 1996), to reimburse Lazard Freres periodically for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the fees and disbursements of its counsel, and to indemnify Lazard Freres and its partners, employees, agents, affiliates or controlling persons against certain liabilities relating to or arising out of its engagement, including liabilities under Federal securities laws. Except as set forth above, neither the Company nor any person acting on its behalf has or currently intends to employ, retain or compensate any person to make solicitations or recommendations to the stockholders of the Company on its behalf with respect to the Offer and the Merger. ITEM 6. RECENT TRANSACTIONS AND INTENT WITH RESPECT TO SECURITIES. (a) During the past sixty days, no transactions in the Shares have been effected by the Company or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, by any executive officer, director, affiliate, or subsidiary of the Company, except as follows: (i) On September 17, 1996, the Company granted 150,000 stock options to Mr. Huai and 120,000 stock options to Mr. Yuda Doron at an exercise price of $20.25 per Share. (ii) Between August 12 and October 11, 1996, the Company repurchased in the open market an aggregate of 109,000 Shares pursuant to its previously announced stock repurchase program. The aggregate purchase price for such Shares was $2,020,155 (including commissions) and the price per Share ranged from $18 to $18 7/8. The Company has not repurchased Shares since September 17, 1996. (b) To the best knowledge of the Company, all of its executive officers and directors currently intend to tender pursuant to the Offer all Shares held of record or beneficially owned by them (other than Shares issuable upon exercise of Company Options and Shares, if any, which if tendered could cause such persons to incur liability under the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act). One executive officer of the Company has advised the Company that while he currently intends to tender all of his Shares, he may transfer or gift Shares to family members or to a charitable remainder trust for estate planning purposes. -19- ITEM 7. CERTAIN NEGOTIATIONS AND TRANSACTIONS BY THE SUBJECT COMPANY. (a) Except as set forth herein, no negotiation is being undertaken or is underway by the Company in response to the Offer which relates to or would result in (i) an extraordinary transaction, such as a merger or reorganization, involving the Company or any subsidiary thereof; (ii) a purchase, sale or transfer of a material amount of assets by the Company or any subsidiary thereof; (iii) a tender offer for or other acquisition of securities by or of the Company; or (iv) any material change in the present capitalization or dividend policy of the Company. (b) Except as set forth herein, there is no transaction, board resolution, agreement in principle or signed contract in response to the Offer that relates to or would result in one or more of the events referred to in Item 7(a) above. ITEM 8. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED. SECTION 203 As a Delaware corporation, the Company is subject to Section 203 ("Section 203") of the Delaware Law. Section 203 would prevent an "Interested Shareholder" (generally defined as a person beneficially owning 15% or more of a corporation's voting stock) from engaging in a "Business Combination" (as defined in Section 203) with a Delaware corporation for three years following the date such person became an Interested Shareholder unless: (i) before such person became an Interested Shareholder, the board of directors of the corporation approved the transaction in which the Interested Shareholder became an Interested Shareholder or approved the Business Combination, (ii) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the Interested Shareholder becoming an Interested Shareholder, the Interested Shareholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced (excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares of outstanding stock held by directors who are also officers and by employee stock ownership plans that do not allow plan participants to determine confidentially whether to tender shares), or (iii) following the transaction in which such person became an Interested Shareholder, the Business Combination is (x) approved by the board of directors of the corporation and (y) authorized at a meeting of shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66-2/3% of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation not owned by the Interested Shareholder. In accordance with the provisions of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Section 203, the Board of Directors of the Company has approved the Merger Agreement and the Purchaser's acquisition of Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger and the transactions contemplated thereby and, therefore, the restrictions of Section 203 are inapplicable to the Merger and the related transactions. ANTITRUST Under the HSR Act and the rules that have been promulgated thereunder by the Federal Trade Commission (the "FTC"), certain acquisition transactions may not be consummated unless certain information has been furnished to the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice (the "Antitrust Division") and the FTC and certain -20- waiting period requirements have been satisfied. The acquisition of Shares by the Purchaser pursuant to the Offer is subject to such requirements. Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, CA filed the required Notification and Report Forms (the "Forms") with the Antitrust Division and the FTC on October 9, 1996, and the Company filed the Forms with such agencies on October 10, 1996. The statutory waiting period applicable to the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer is to expire at 11:59 P.M., New York City time, on Thursday, October 24, 1996. However, prior to such date, the Antitrust Division or the FTC may extend the waiting periods by requesting additional information or documentary material relevant to the acquisition. If such a request is made, the waiting period will be extended until 11:59 P.M., New York City time, on the tenth day after substantial compliance by the Purchaser with such request. Thereafter, such waiting periods can be extended only by court order. A request is being made pursuant to the HSR Act for early termination of the applicable waiting period. There can be no assurance, however, that the waiting period will be terminated early. The Merger Agreement provides that, if by the expiration of the Offer, the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act shall not have expired or been terminated, Merger Subsidiary shall extend the Offer from time to time until the earlier of (x) the date that is 30 days after the first scheduled expiration date and (y) the date that such waiting period has expired or been terminated. The Antitrust Division and the FTC frequently scrutinize the legality under the antitrust laws of transactions. At any time before or after the consummation of any such transactions, the Antitrust Division or the FTC could, notwithstanding termination of the waiting period, take such action under the antitrust laws as it deems necessary or desirable in the public interest, including seeking to enjoin the purchase of Shares pursuant to the Offer or seeking divestiture of the Shares so acquired or divestiture of substantial assets of the Purchaser or the Company. Private parties may also bring legal actions under the antitrust laws. There can be no assurance that a challenge to the Offer on antitrust grounds will not be made, or if such a challenge is made, what the result will be. See Item 3, "Identity and Background -- Merger Agreement -- Conditions of the Offer" and "-- Conditions to the Merger." RIGHTS AGREEMENT AMENDMENT Prior to the execution of the Merger Agreement, the Board of Directors authorized, the Company executed, and prior to the commencement of the Offer, the Rights Agent executed, an amendment to the Rights Agreement (the "Rights Agreement Amendment"), which renders the Rights Agreement inapplicable to the Offer and the Merger by providing, among other things, that the execution of the Merger Agreement, the announcement or making of the Offer the acquisition of Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated in the Merger Agreement will not (a) result in either CA or the Purchaser or any of their affiliates being considered an Acquiring Person or (b) cause the occurrence of a Distribution Date or a Shares Acquisition Date. The Rights Agreement provides that the Rights become exercisable upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, including the acquisition of 20% or more of the outstanding Shares. Should a triggering event occur, holders of Rights (other than any holder whose action triggered the Rights) would generally be entitled to purchase Shares with a market value -21- aggregating $200 for a price of $100. Except as expressly provided in the Rights Agreement Amendment, the Rights Agreement remains in full force in effect. A copy of the Rights Agreement Amendment has been filed as Exhibit 2 to this Schedule 14D-9, and is incorporated herein by reference, and the foregoing summary is qualified in its entirety by reference thereto. ITEM 9. MATERIAL TO BE FILED AS EXHIBITS. EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION ------ ----------- 1 Merger Agreement 2 Rights Agreement Amendment 3 Opinion of Lazard Freres, dated October 7, 1996 (Attached to Schedule 14D-9 mailed to stockholders as Annex B) 4 Press Release of the Company and CA, issued October 7, 1996 5 Confidentiality Agreement dated October 1, 1996 between CA and the Company 6 Article Nine of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company 7 Section Seven of the Restated By-Laws of the Company 8 Letter dated October 11, 1996 from ReiJane Huai to the stockholders of the Company (Included with Schedule 14D-9 mailed to stockholders) -22- SIGNATURE After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct. October 11, 1996 CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. By /s/ Elliott Levine --------------------------------- Name: Elliot Levine Title: Executive Vice President, Senior Financial Officer and Treasurer -23- ANNEX A INFORMATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 14(f) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 AND RULE 14f-1 THEREUNDER GENERAL This Information Statement is being mailed on or about October 11, 1996, with the Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (the "Schedule 14D-9") of Cheyenne Software, Inc. (the "Company") with respect to the Offer to Purchase dated October 11, 1996 (as supplemented, the "Offer to Purchase") of Tse-tsehese-staetse, Inc. (the "Purchaser"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Computer Associates International, Inc. ("CA"). The Purchaser is offering to purchase all outstanding shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock") of the Company, together with the associated preferred share purchase rights, at a price of $30.50 per share, net to the seller in cash (the "Offer"). The Offer is being made pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 7, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement"), by and among CA, the Purchaser and the Company. You are receiving this Information Statement in connection with the possible election of persons designated by CA (the "CA Designees") to a majority of the seats on the Board of Directors (the "Board") of the Company pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The Merger Agreement is more fully described under Item 3 of the Schedule 14D-9, to which this Information Statement is attached as Annex A. Capitalized terms used and not defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in the Schedule 14D-9. The information with respect to the CA Designees has been supplied to the Company by CA for inclusion or incorporation by reference herein, and the Company assumes no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of such information. This Information Statement is required by Section 14(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and Rule 14f-1 thereunder. You are urged to read this Information Statement carefully. You are not, however, required to take any action. THE CA DESIGNEES Pursuant to the Merger Agreement and subject to compliance with applicable law, upon the Purchaser's acceptance for payment of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer, CA will be entitled to designate such number of directors on the Board as will constitute a majority of such directors. The foregoing notwithstanding, the Merger Agreement further provides that at least one director who was a director of the Company as of the date of the Merger Agreement and who is not an officer of the Company (such director, the "Independent Director") shall continue to serve on the Board until the effectiveness of the Merger. The Company has agreed to take all action necessary to effect the election of the CA Designees to the Board, including, in connection therewith, increasing the size of the Board or seeking and obtaining the resignation of such number of its current directors or both to enable CA Designees to be elected to the Board as provided above. CA has informed the Company that it will choose the CA Designees from the directors and executive officers listed in Schedule I to the Purchaser's Offer to Purchase, a copy of which is being mailed to the Company's stockholders together with the Schedule 14D-9. CA has informed the Company that each of the directors and executive officers A-1 listed in Schedule I to the Offer of Purchase has consented to act as a director, if so designated. The information on such Schedule I is incorporated herein by reference. The business address of each such person is c/o Computer Associates International, Inc., One Computer Associates Plaza, Islandia, New York 11788-7000. It is expected that the CA designees may assume office at any time following the purchase by the Purchaser of the specified minimum number of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Offer, which purchase cannot be earlier than November 8, 1996. CERTAIN INFORMATION CONCERNING THE COMPANY The shares of Common Stock constitute the only class of voting securities of the Company. As of the close of business on October 4, 1996, there were 37,711,424 shares of Common Stock outstanding. Each share of Common Stock entitles its record holder to one vote. Stockholders of the Company do not have cumulative voting rights. None of the Company's 5,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, $.01 par value, have been issued. The Board currently consists of five members. THE CURRENT MEMBERS OF THE BOARD AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY To the extent the Board will consist of persons who are not CA Designees, the Board is expected to continue to consist of those persons who are currently directors of the Company who do not resign. The current directors and executive officers of the Company, their ages, and their positions and terms of office with the Company are set forth below.
Director Name Age Position Since - ---- --- -------- ----- ReiJane Huai(1) 37 Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Company 1993 Elliot Levine 60 Executive Vice President, Senior Financial Officer, and Treasurer of the Company Alan Kaufman 58 Executive Vice President - Sales and Secretary of the Company Yuda Doron 44 Executive Vice President Doris A. Granatowski 46 Executive Vice President Rino Bergonzi(1)(2) 52 Director of the Company 1994 Richard F. Kramer(2)(4) 52 Director of the Company 1987 Bernard Rubien(3)(4) 78 Director of the Company 1985 Ginette Wachtel(1)(3)(4) 61 Director of the Company 1987
- -------------- (1) Member of the Executive Committee of the Company. (2) Member of the Audit Committee of the Company. (3) Member of the Compensation Committee of the Company. (4) Member of the Option Committee of the Company. A-2 ReiJane Huai became a director and President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company on October 7, 1993. He was elected Chairman of the Board of the Company effective May 20, 1994. He served as Vice President-Engineering of the Company from March 1990 through October 7, 1993. From August 1988 to March 1990, he served as a director of engineering of the Company. From August 1987 to August 1988, he was a systems engineer for AT&T Bell Laboratories. He served as manager of research and development at the Company from June 1985 to August 1987. Elliot Levine became Executive Vice President of the Company on October 7, 1993. He served as a Vice President of the Company from March 1990 through October 7, 1993. He has been Senior Financial Officer of the Company since March 1990 and Treasurer of the Company since December 1991. From September 1989 to March 1990, he served as a consultant to the Company. Alan Kaufman became Secretary of the Company in August 1988 and Executive Vice President -- Sales on October 7, 1993. He served as a Vice President of the Company from February 1987 through October 7, 1993. From April 1986 to February 1987, he served as director of marketing of the Company. Yuda Doron became Executive Vice President of the Company effective June 1, 1995. He served as President of Cheyenne Communications, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company ("Cheycomm") from July 1, 1993 through June 8, 1995. From April 5, 1993 to July 1, 1993, he served as a consultant to the Company. From January 1993 to July 1993, Mr. Doron was a Vice President of Business Development at Elron Corp. From July 1988 to December 1992, he served as a division manager at Texas Instruments, Inc. Doris A. Granatowski became a Vice President on November 16, 1994, and Executive Vice President on December 14, 1995. From September, 1994, to October 1994, Ms. Granatowski served as Vice President, Operations, Technology Group of Henry Schein, Inc. From 1988 to July, 1994, Ms. Granatowski was the Managing Director of Imrex Systems International Ltd. and Senior Vice President of Imrex Computer Systems, Inc. Richard F. Kramer has been a director of the Company since 1987. He is Chief Executive Officer and Treasurer of FAXplus, Inc., a telecommunications and computer products marketing company he founded in 1988. He also is President of Corporate Development, Inc., a marketing and consulting firm he founded in 1987. Rino Bergonzi has been a director of the Company since April 21, 1994. Mr. Bergonzi has been Vice President and Division Executive of Corporate Information Technology Services at AT&T Corp. since November 1993. From 1985 to 1993, Mr. Bergonzi was Vice President of United Parcel Service Information Services. In January 1995, he became a director of Enteractive, Inc., a multimedia software company. Bernard Rubien has been a director of the Company since June 1985. Ginette Wachtel has been a director of the Company since 1987. She served as a Senior Vice President of Application Development of Marsh & McClennan, Inc., an insurance brokerage firm and insurance holding company, through September 30, 1993, A-3 and was an officer of such company since 1984. She currently provides consulting services in the computer systems area. BOARD MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES The Board has a standing Audit Committee, a standing Compensation Committee, a standing Executive Committee, and a standing Option Committee. The Audit Committee reviews the Company's financial accounting procedures, internal controls, and the reports of the Company's independent auditors. The Audit Committee met twice in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Kramer and Mr. Bergonzi. The Compensation Committee makes recommendations to the Board concerning compensation arrangements for directors, executive officers, and certain other senior management of the Company. The Compensation Committee did not meet in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. The members of the Compensation Committee are Ms. Wachtel and Mr. Rubien. The Executive Committee is authorized to exercise the powers of the Board when the Board does not meet. The Executive Committee did not meet during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. The members of the Executive Committee are Ms. Wachtel, Mr. Bergonzi, and Mr. Huai. The Option Committee administers the Company's 1989 Stock Incentive Plan and Non-Qualified Plan (as defined herein). The Option Committee met three times in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. The Option Committee members are Mr. Kramer, Mr. Rubien, and Ms. Wachtel. The Board held twelve meetings in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. Each director attended at least seventy-five (75%) percent of the aggregate of (i) the total number of meetings of the Board plus (ii) the total number of meetings held by all committees of the Board on which the director served. There is no family relationship between any director or executive officer of the Company. PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF VOTING SECURITIES SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS As of October 8, 1996, to the knowledge of the Company, no person owned beneficially (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) more than 5% of the shares of the outstanding Common Stock. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS The following table sets forth, as of October 8, 1996, for each of (i) each member of the Board, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and each of the next four most highly compensated executive officers of the Company and (ii) all directors and executive officers as a group the number of shares and percentage of outstanding Common Stock of the Company beneficially owned. Each person named in the table has sole investment power and sole voting power with respect to the shares of the Common Stock set forth opposite such person's name, except as otherwise indicated. A-4
Name and Address of Number of Shares Percentage of Common Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1)(3) Stock Outstanding(2)(3) - ---------------- ------------------------ ----------------------- ReiJane Huai, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer 506,480(4) 1.33% Rino Bergonzi, Director 36,250(5) * Richard F. Kramer, Director 101,250(6) * Bernard Rubien, Director 50,625(7) * Ginette Wachtel, Director 67,500(8) * Yuda Doron, Executive Vice President 180,500(9) * Doris A. Granatowski, Executive Vice President 6,250(10) * Alan Kaufman, Executive Vice President and Secretary 220,833(11) * Elliot Levine, Executive Vice President, Senior Financial Officer and Treasurer 343,833(12) * All executive officers and directors as a group (11 persons) 1,544,420(13) 4.08%
- -------------- * Less than 1%. (1) Includes shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to options exercisable within sixty (60) days from the date hereof. (2) Based upon (i) 37,711,424 shares of Common Stock outstanding (excluding 2,343,900 shares of treasury stock), plus, when appropriate (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock which may be acquired by the named person or by all persons included in the group pursuant to the exercise of options exercisable within sixty (60) days from the date hereof. (3) All shares of Common Stock have been adjusted to reflect the 1992, 1993, and 1994 three-for-two stock splits paid in the form of 50% stock dividends with respect to the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (the "1992 Stock Split", "1993 Stock Split", and "1994 Stock Split", respectively). The 1992 Stock Split was paid on March 25, 1992 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 3, 1992; the 1993 Stock Split was paid on April 8, 1993 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 12, 1993; and the 1994 Stock Split was paid on March 29, 1994 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, 1994. (4) Consists of 177,317 shares of Common Stock currently held by Mr. Huai, and 329,167 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Company's 1987 Non-Qualified Option Plan, as amended and restated (the "Non-Qualified Plan"). (5) Consists of 2,500 shares of Common Stock owned by the wife of Rino Bergonzi and 33,750 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors. Mr. Bergonzi disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares owned by his wife. (6) Consists of 33,750 shares of Common Stock currently held by Mr. Kramer and 67,500 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors. A-5 (7) Consists of 50,625 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors. (8) Consists of 67,500 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors. (9) Consists of 500 shares of Common Stock owned by the wife of Yuda Doron, and 180,000 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Non-Qualified Plan. Mr. Doron disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares owned by his wife. (10) Consists of 6,250 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of incentive stock options granted under the Incentive Plan. (11) Consists of 220,833 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Non-Qualified Plan. (12) Consists of 123,000 shares of Common Stock currently held by Mr. Levine, and 220,833 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of non-qualified stock options granted under the Non-Qualified Plan. (13) Includes an aggregate of 353,212 shares of Common Stock currently held by certain executive officers and directors of the Company, and 1,191,208 shares of Common Stock acquirable pursuant to the exercise of options which are exercisable within sixty (60) days. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND OTHER INFORMATION CONCERNING DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS SUMMARY CASH AND CERTAIN OTHER COMPENSATION The following table shows, for the three most recently ended fiscal years, the compensation paid or accrued for those years to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and to each of the four most highly compensated executive officers of the Company other than the Chief Executive Officer whose aggregate annual salary and bonus paid in compensation for services rendered in all the capacities in which they served exceeded $100,000 for the Company's last fiscal year (the "Named Executives"): A-6 SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
Long-Term Compensation --------------------------- Annual Compensation Awards Payouts -------------------------- ------------------- ------- Name and Other Restricted Securities All Other Principal Annual Stock Underlying LTIP Compensation Position Year Salary($) Bonus($) Compensation($)(7) Awards($) Options(8) Payouts($) ($) (8) - ---------- ---- --------- -------- ------------------ --------- --------- --------- ------------ ReiJane Huai - Chairman, 1994 180,625 -0- 3,364,171 -0- 262,500 -0- 11,313 President, and Chief 1995 205,000 -0- 169,130 -0- 200,000 -0- 19,036 Executive Officer(1)(2) 1996 212,500 -0- 4,181,533 -0- -0- -0- 19,167 Elliot Levine - Executive 1994 170,833 -0- 3,918,556 -0- 187,500 -0- 23,400 Vice President, Senior 1995 180,000 -0- 707,939 -0- 100,000 -0- 23,281 Financial Officer and 1996 180,000 -0- 653,544 -0- -0- -0- 25,087 Treasurer(1)(3) Alan Kaufman - Executive 1994 165,000 -0- 2,769,264 -0- 187,500 -0- 8,255 Vice President - Market- 1995 180,000 -0- -0- -0- 100,000 -0- 8,090 ing and Secretary(1)(4) 1996 180,000 -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- 12,009 Yuda Doron - Executive 1994 125,000 -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- 4,694 Vice President(1)(5) 1995 134,653 25,000 -0- -0- 240,000 -0- 7,822 1996 187,680 -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- 8,360 Doris A. Granatowski - 1994 -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- 0 Executive Vice 1995 109,375 10,000 -0- -0- 25,000 -0- 4,500 President(1)(6) 1996 179,166 -0- -0- -0- 70,000 -0- 9,440
- -------------- (1) All of the executive employment agreements discussed herein provide that the executive officers receive the fringe benefits generally available to all employees of the Company and contain non-disclosure and non-competition provisions for the benefit of the Company. (2) On September 5, 1991, Mr. Huai entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company to serve as Vice President-Engineering. The agreement provides for a base annual salary of $140,000, with increases of $5,000 per annum under certain circumstances, and for a death benefit and severance payments equal to 50% of his current base salary. On October 7, 1993, the term of Mr. Huai's agreement was extended to September 5, 1997 and was further amended to provide that Mr. Huai shall serve as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company at a base salary of $205,000 per annum. On April 29, 1996, the Board increased Mr. Huai's annual base salary to $250,000, effective May 1, 1996. As amended, the agreement no longer provides for $5,000 increases in base salary each year. Upon termination of his status as Chairman of the Company, Mr. Huai is entitled to lifetime medical benefits from the Company. (3) On September 1, 1992, Mr. Elliot Levine entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company to serve as a Vice President, Senior Financial Officer, and Treasurer of the Company. Mr. Levine's agreement provides for a base annual salary of $150,000, with increases of $10,000 per annum under certain circumstances. Mr. Levine's agreement provides for a death benefit and severance provision equal to 100% of his current base salary and provides for continuation of his spouse's major medical insurance benefits for a period of five years after his death. Mr. Levine also receives reimbursement in the amount of $12,000 per annum for split dollar life insurance premiums and $8,000 per annum for automobile expenses. On October 7, 1993, Mr. Levine's agreement was amended to provide that Mr. Levine shall serve as Executive Vice President, Senior Financial Officer, and Treasurer at a base salary of $180,000 A-7 per annum. As amended, the agreement no longer provides for $10,000 increases in base salary each year. On October 24, 1994, Mr. Levine's agreement was amended to provide for $13,500 per annum in reimbursement to Mr. Levine for split dollar life insurance premiums. On August 30, 1995, Mr. Levine's agreement was amended to provide for (a) an extension of the employment term to August 31, 1998, (b) $10,000 per annum in reimbursement to Mr. Levine for automobile expenses, (c) a death benefit of 150% of his current base salary, and (d) a continuation of his spouse's major medical insurance benefits for a period of ten years after his death. (4) Mr. Alan Kaufman entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company, effective January 1, 1993, to serve as a Vice President and Secretary of the Company. The agreement provides for a base annual salary of $140,000, with increases of $5,000 per annum under certain circumstances. Mr. Kaufman's employment agreement contains a death benefit and severance provision equal to 100% of his current base salary and provides for continuation of his spouse's major medical insurance benefits for a period of five years after his death. Mr. Kaufman also receives reimbursement in an amount equal to a maximum of $8,000 per annum for automobile expenses. On October 7, 1993, Mr. Kaufman's agreement was amended to provide that Mr. Kaufman shall serve as Executive Vice President and Secretary of the Company at a base salary of $180,000 per annum. As amended, the agreement no longer provides for $5,000 increases in base salary each year. On December 30, 1995, Mr. Kaufman's agreement was amended to provide for (a) an extension of the employment period to December 31, 1998, (b) $13,000 per annum in reimbursement to Mr. Kaufman for automobile expenses, (c) reimbursement annually of $13,500 for life insurance premium, (d) a death benefit of 150% of his current base salary and (e) continuation of his spouse's major medical insurance benefits for a period of ten (10) years after his death. (5) On September 29, 1993, Mr. Doron entered into a three-year employment agreement with Cheycomm, to serve as Cheycomm's President. The agreement provided for a base salary of $125,000 per annum, a death and disability benefit equal to up to 50% of his base salary, payments not to exceed $1,708 per annum for a portion of life insurance policy premiums and $3,723 per annum for a portion of disability policy premiums, and $3,600 per annum for automobile expenses. On June 8, 1995, Mr. Doron entered into a new three-year employment agreement to serve as Executive Vice President of the Company and General Manager of the Netware Division. The agreement provides for a base salary of $180,000 per annum, a severance provision equal to 100% of his current base salary, payments not to exceed $2,562 per annum for a portion of life insurance policy premiums, and $5,585 per annum for a portion of disability policy premiums. Mr. Doron also receives reimbursement in the amount of $3,600 per annum for automobile expenses. On April 29, 1996 the Board increased Mr. Doron's annual base salary to $225,000, effective May 1, 1996. (6) On November 16, 1994, Ms. Granatowski entered into an employment agreement with the Company to serve as a Vice President of the Company. The agreement provides for a base salary of $175,000. Ms. Granatowski's employment agreement contains a death benefit equal to 100%, and a severance provision equal to 30%, of her current base salary. Ms. Granatowski also receives $7,200 per annum for automobile expenses. On December 14, 1995, the Board promoted Ms. Granatowski to Executive Vice President. On April 29, 1996, the Board increased Ms. Granatowski's annual base salary to $200,000, effective May 1, 1996. A-8 (7) Includes information regarding value realized (market value on date of exercise less exercise price) on stock options previously granted under the Company's option plans and exercised during the three fiscal years ended June 30, 1996 by the Named Executives. (8) Includes car allowances, 401(k) matching contributions by the Company, and miscellaneous perquisites. Car allowances for fiscal 1996 for the Named Executives were as follows: Mr. Huai - $16,726, Mr. Levine - $9,661, Mr. Kaufman - $9,669, Ms. Granatowski - $7,200, and Mr. Doron - $3,600. 401(k) matching contributions for fiscal 1996 for the Named Executives were as follows: Mr. Huai - $2,441, Mr. Levine - $2,310, Mr. Kaufman - $2,310, Ms. Granatowski - $2,240, and Mr. Doron - $2,787. Reimbursement for split dollar life insurance premiums for fiscal 1996 for Mr. Levine - $13,116 and Mr. Doron - $1,974. STOCK OPTION GRANTS The following table sets forth information concerning the grant of stock options made during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996 to Ms. Granatowski, the only Named Executive receiving option grants during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996: A-9 OPTION/SAR GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
Individual Grants(1) ----------------------------------------------------- Potential Realizable Value at Assumed Annual Rates of Stock Price Appreciation Percent of For Option Term(2) Number of Total --------------------------- Securities Options/ Underlying SARs Options/ Granted to SARs Employees Exercise or Granted in Fiscal Base Price Expiration Name (#) Year ($/Sh) Date 5%($) 10%($) - ---- ------- --------- --------- ---------- ----- ------ ReiJane Huai (3) 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Elliot Levine 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Alan Kaufman 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Yuda Doron (4) 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Doris A. Granatowski 60,000 5.0% $23.25 November 6, 2002 $568,200 $1,323,600 10,000 0.8% $20.50 May 30, 2003 $83,500 $194,500
- -------------- (1) The options in the table were granted on November 6, 1995 (in the case of the 60,000 options granted to Ms. Granatowski) and May 30, 1996 (in the case of the 10,000 options granted to Ms. Granatowski) under the Incentive Plan and have exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. The options become exercisable in 25% increments on the second and third anniversary dates of the grant date, and the remaining 50% becomes exercisable on the fourth anniversary date of the grant date. (2) The potential realizable value assumes that the stock price increases from the date of grant until the end of the option term (7 years) at the annual rate of 5% and 10%. The assumed annual rates of appreciation are computed in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). No assurance can be given that the annual rates of appreciation assumed for the purposes of the table will be achieved, and actual results may be lower or higher. The closing price of the Common Stock on the American Stock Exchange on June 28, 1996 was $19.25. (3) During the current fiscal year, on September 17, 1996, the Company granted Mr. Huai 150,000 options under the Non-Qualified Plan to purchase Common Stock at an exercise price of $20.25. Half of the options granted vest on the first anniversary of the grant and the remaining half vest on the second anniversary of the grant. The options expire on the seventh anniversary of the grant. (4) During the current fiscal year, on September 17, 1996, the Company granted Mr. Duron 120,000 options under the Non-Qualified Plan to purchase Common Stock at an exercise price of $20.25. Half of the options granted vest on the first anniversary of the grant and the remaining half vest on the second anniversary of the grant. The options expire on the seventh anniversary of the grant. A-10 STOCK OPTION EXERCISES The following table sets forth information concerning the exercise of stock options during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996 by each of the Named Executives and the value of unexercised options at the fiscal year-end: AGGREGATE OPTIONS/SAR EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND FY-END OPTION/SAR VALUES
Number of Unexercised Value of Unexercised Shares Option/SARs at In-the-Money Option/SARs at Acquired FY-End (#) FY-End ($) (1) on Value -------------------------- -------------------------- Name Exercise(#) Realized($) Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable - ------------ ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- ReiJane Huai 224,705 4,181,533 241,667 220,833 433,333 866,667 Elliot Levine 52,500 653,544 158,333 129,167 216,667 433,333 Alan Kaufman -0- -0- 158,333 129,167 216,667 433,333 Yuda Doron -0- -0- 120,000 120,000 780,000 780,000 Doris A. Granatowski -0- -0- -0- 95,000 -0- 165,625
- --------- (1) Based on the fair market value per share of the Common Stock at year end, minus the exercise or base price on "in-the-money" options. The closing price of the Common Stock on the American Stock Exchange on June 28, 1996 was $19.25. COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS Directors of the Company who are not employees of the Company receive a directors' fee of $10,000 per annum, payable in installments of $2,500 per quarter, and a $1,000 fee for each Board meeting attended, plus expenses. Directors do not receive any fee for attending meetings of committees of the Board. The Company's 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors provides for automatic annual grants of options for 16,875 shares of Common Stock on each January 1 to directors who are not also employees of the Company. All options granted under the 1992 Stock Option Plan for Outside Directors are immediately exercisable, and the exercise price per share of each option will be equal to the fair market value of the shares of Common Stock on the date of grant. Former Chairmen of the Company (including Mr. Huai, upon termination of his status as Chairman) are entitled to lifetime medical benefits from the Company. EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS The Company's employment agreements with the Named Executives are described in the footnotes to the Summary Compensation Table on pages A-6 and A-7 of this Information Statement. CHANGE OF CONTROL EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS As of May 20, 1996, the Company has entered into individual Change of Control Employment Agreements (the "Agreements") with each of the Named Executives.(1) - -------------- (1) The Company also entered into similar agreement with certain other officers of the Corporation. Those Agreements generally have the same provisions as the Agreements (footnote continued) A-11 Each Agreement provides for the continued employment of the Named Executive during the three-year period (the "Employment") upon the occurrence (the "Effective Date") of a Change of Control (as defined in the Agreements) (A Change of Control, as defined in the Agreements, would occur upon the consummation of the Offer). During the Employment Period, the Company is obligated to pay to the Named Executive a monthly base salary equal to or greater than the highest monthly base salary paid to the Named Executive by the Company during the previous year, an annual bonus in cash at least equal to the highest aggregate bonus paid to the Named Executive in any of the three calendar years prior to the Effective Date (the "Highest Annual Bonus"), and incentive, savings, welfare benefit, fringe benefit and retirement plan participation at least equal to the most favorable which were in effect during the 120-day period prior to the Effective Date. If a Named Executive's employment is terminated by the Company during the Employment Period or in connection with or in anticipation of a Change of Control by the Company for any reason other than death, disability or Cause (as defined in the Agreements), or if the Named Executive terminates his employment for Good Reason (as defined in the Agreements) or voluntarily during the 30-day period beginning on the first anniversary of the Effective Date, the Company must pay to the Named Executive a lump sum severance payment equal to the sum of (a) the Named Executive's base salary through the date of termination, (b) a pro rata bonus for the year of termination based upon the Highest Annual Bonus, (c) three times the sum of the Named Executive's base salary, Highest Annual Bonus and annual car allowance and (d) unpaid deferred compensation and vacation pay. In addition, such Named Executive is entitled to payment in cash or stock equal to the spread on any then-unvested options (but not in excess of the fair market value of the options), to continued employee welfare benefits for three years after the date of termination, and to outplacement services. Finally, if any payment or distribution by the Company to the Named Executive is subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code, the Company will make an additional payment to the Named Executive in an amount such that after the payment of all income and excise taxes, the Named Executive will be in the same after-tax position as if no excise tax under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code had been imposed. Benefits under the Agreements are in lieu of severance amounts payable under a Named Executive's employment agreement. INDEMNIFICATION Section Nine of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, limits the personal liability of directors of the Company and Section Seven of the By-Laws of the Company provides for indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company. A copy of such Article Nine of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been filed as Exhibit 6 to the Schedule 14D-9 and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A copy of Section Seven of the By-Laws has been filed as Exhibit 7 to the Schedule 14D-9 and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. - -------------- (footnote continued) described herein, but in some cases provide for smaller payments and fewer benefits upon a termination of employment following a Change of Control. A-12 COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996, the Compensation Committee consisted of Ms. Wachtel and Mr. Rubien. During fiscal 1996, none of the executive officers of the Company served on the board of directors or on the compensation committee of any other entity, any of whose officers served either on the Board or on the Compensation Committee of the Company. COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION INTRODUCTION The Compensation Committee of the Board (the "Committee") is composed of non-employee directors, and is responsible for determining and administering the Company's compensation policies for the remuneration of the Company's senior management. The Committee annually evaluates individual and corporate performance from both a short-term and long-term perspective, and its recommendations regarding all members of senior management are subject to the approval of the full Board. PHILOSOPHY The Company's executive compensation program is designed to reward and retain highly qualified executives, and to encourage the achievement of business objectives and superior corporate performance. The program seeks to foster a performance-oriented environment, to enhance management's long-term focus on maximizing stockholder value through equity-based incentives, and to adjust the variable portion of an executive's compensation based upon corporate and individual performance. In determining an executive's compensation, consideration is given to the employee's total compensation package, overall corporate financial performance, and the employee's role in attaining such results. COMPONENTS OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Historically, the Company's executive employees have received cash-based and equity-based compensation. CASH-BASED COMPENSATION: Base salary represents the primary cash component of an executive employee's compensation, and is determined by evaluating the responsibilities associated with an employee's position at the Company and the employee's overall level of experience. In addition, the Committee, in its discretion, may award bonuses. However, the Committee and the Board believe that the Company's management and employees are best motivated through stock option awards rather than solely through cash incentives. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION: Equity-based compensation principally has been in the form of stock options granted pursuant to the Incentive Plan and the Non-Qualified Plan. The Committee believes that stock options represent an important component of a well-balanced compensation program. Because stock option awards provide value only in the event of share price appreciation, stock options enhance management's focus on maximizing long-term stockholder value. Stock options serve to align the interests of executive officers closely with the stockholders because of the direct benefit executive officers receive from improved stock performance. Stock options provide a direct relationship A-13 between an executive's compensation and the stockholders' interests. Option awards to employees are based upon the evaluation of each employee's overall past and expected future contributions to the success of the Company. COMPENSATION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER The philosophy and policies of the Compensation Committee generally applicable to the Company's senior management are applicable to the Chief Executive Officer. SECTION 162(m) It is the Company's policy to seek to qualify compensation paid to executive officers for deductibility under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). This section of the Code prohibits the Company from deducting compensation to its Chief Executive Officer and its four other highest paid executive officers that is in excess of $1,000,000 per individual in any fiscal year, unless the compensation is "performance based". None of the Chief Executive Officer and the four other highest paid executive officers had cash compensation in excess of $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996. SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") requires the Company's executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of the Company's equity securities (the "Ten Percent Stockholders"), to file reports of ownership on Form 3 and reports of changes in ownership on Form 4 or Form 5 with the Commission. Executive officers, directors and the Ten Percent Stockholders are required to furnish the Company with copies of such reports. Based solely on its review of the copies of such Forms received by the Company, or written representations that no other reports were required, the Company believes that during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996, the Company's executive officers, directors, and Ten Percent Stockholders complied with all applicable Section 16(a) filing requirements. COMPARATIVE STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH The following is a graph comparing the annual percentage change in the cumulative total shareholder return of the Company's common stock with the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 Index and The Peer Group Weighted Average Index for the Company's last five (5) fiscal years. The comparison assumes $100 invested in the Common Stock, the S&P 500 Index and a peer group index at the close of business on June 28, 1991 (the Company's fiscal year end), and that all the dividends were reinvested. The Peer Group is comprised of the following companies: Banyan Systems, Inc., Computer Associates International, Inc., Informix Corp., Microsoft Corp., Novell, Inc., Oracle Systems Corp., Sterling Software, Inc. and Symantec Corp. A-14 COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURNS AMONG CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC., S&P 500 INDEX AND PEER GROUP INDEX
6/28/91 6/30/92 6/30/93 6/30/94 6/30/95 6/28/96 ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Cheyenne Software, Inc. 100.00 154.7 590.7 239.1 527.3 541.4 Peer Group Weighted 100.00 167.6 231.2 258.5 433.1 573.0 Average S&P 500 Comp-Ltd 100.00 113.4 128.9 130.7 164.8 207.6
A-15 ANNEX B [LETTERHEAD OF LAZARD FRERES & CO. LLC] October 7, 1996 Cheyenne Software, Inc. The Board of Directors 3 Expressway Plaza Roslyn Heights, NY 11577 Dear Members of the Board: We understand that Cheyenne Software, Inc. (the "Company"), Computer Associates International, Inc. (the "Acquiror") and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Acquiror (the "Merger Subsidiary") have entered into an agreement dated October 7, 1996 (the "Agreement") pursuant to which Merger Subsidiary will make a tender offer (the "Offer") for any and all shares of the Company's common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Shares"), at $30.50 per Share in cash. The Agreement also provides that, following consummation of the Offer, Merger Subsidiary will be merged with and into the Company in a transaction (the "Merger") in which each remaining Share will be converted into the right to receive $30.50 in cash. You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the proposed cash consideration to be received by the holders of the Shares (other than Acquiror and its affiliates) in the Offer and the Merger. In connection with this opinion, we have: (i) reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the Agreement; (ii) analyzed certain historical business and financial information relating to the Company; (iii) reviewed certain financial forecasts and other data provided to us by the Company relating to its business; (iv) conducted discussions with members of the senior management of the Company with respect to its business and prospects; (v) reviewed public information with respect to certain other companies in lines of businesses we believe to be generally comparable to the business of the Company; (vi) reviewed the financial terms of certain business combinations involving companies in lines of business we believe to be generally comparable to the business of the Company; B-1 (vii) reviewed the historical stock prices and trading volumes of the Shares; and (viii) conducted such other financial studies, analyses and investigations as we deemed appropriate. We have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of the foregoing financial and other information, and have not assumed any responsibility for any independent verification of such information or any independent valuation or appraisal of any of the assets or liabilities of the Company. With respect to the financial forecasts referred to above, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of management of the Company as to the future financial performance of the Company. We assume no responsibility for and express no view as to such forecasts or the assumptions on which they are based. Further, our opinion is necessarily based on economic, monetary, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. In rendering our opinion, we have assumed that the Offer and the Merger will be consummated on the terms described in the Agreement that we reviewed, without any waiver of any material terms or conditions by the Company. We were not requested to, and did not, solicit third party indications of interest in acquiring the Company. Lazard Freres & Co. LLC is acting as financial advisor to the Company in connection with the Offer and the Merger and will receive a fee for our services, a substantial portion of which is contingent upon the consummation of the Offer. Our engagement and the opinion expressed herein are solely for the benefit of the Company's Board of Directors and are not on behalf of, and are not intended to confer rights or remedies upon, the Acquiror, Merger Subsidiary, any shareholders of the Company or Acquiror or any other person. It is understood that this letter may not be disclosed or otherwise referred to without our prior consent, except as may otherwise be required by law or by a court of competent jurisdiction. Based on and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the proposed cash consideration to be paid to the holders of the shares (other than Acquiror and its affiliates) pursuant to the Offer and the Merger is fair to such shareholders from a financial point of view. Very truly yours, LAZARD FRERES & CO. LLC By /s/ Gerald Rosenfeld _________________________ Managing Director B-2
EX-99 2 EXHIBIT 1 EXHIBIT 1 ================================================================================ AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER DATED AS OF OCTOBER 7, 1996 AMONG COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC., TSE-TSEHESE-STAESTSE, INC. AND CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. ================================================================================ TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page ---- ARTICLE I THE OFFER SECTION 1.1. The Offer................................................. 1 SECTION 1.2. Company Action............................................ 2 SECTION 1.3. Directors................................................. 2 ARTICLE II THE MERGER SECTION 2.1. The Merger................................................ 3 SECTION 2.2. Conversion of Shares...................................... 3 SECTION 2.3. Surrender and Payment..................................... 4 SECTION 2.4. Dissenting Shares......................................... 5 SECTION 2.5. Stock Options............................................. 5 ARTICLE III THE SURVIVING CORPORATION SECTION 3.1. Certificate of Incorporation.............................. 6 SECTION 3.2. Bylaws.................................................... 6 SECTION 3.3. Directors and Officers.................................... 6 ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SECTION 1.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company............................................ 6 (a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power............... 6 (b) Subsidiaries............................................. 7 (c) Capital Structure........................................ 7 (d) Authority; Noncontravention.............................. 7 (e) SEC Documents; Financial Statements; No Undisclosed Liabilities............................. 8 (f) Disclosure Documents..................................... 9 (g) Absence of Certain Changes or Events..................... 9 (h) Litigation............................................... 10 (i) Absence of Changes in Stock and Benefit Plans............ 11 (j) Participation and Coverage in Benefit Plan............... 11 (k) ERISA Compliance......................................... 11 (l) Taxes ................................................ 12 (m) State Takeover Statutes; Rights Agreement................ 13 (n) Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses................... 13 (o) Permits; Compliance with Laws............................ 13 (p) Contracts; Debt Instruments.............................. 14 (q) Opinion of Financial Advisor............................. 15 (r) Interests of Officers and Directors...................... 15
Page ---- (s) Technology............................................... 15 (t) Change of Control........................................ 16 SECTION 4.2. Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger Subsidiary.............................. 16 (a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power............... 16 (b) Authority; Noncontravention.............................. 16 (c) Disclosure Documents..................................... 17 (d) Brokers ................................................ 17 (e) Delaware Law............................................. 18 (f) Financing................................................ 18 ARTICLE V COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY SECTION 5.1. Conduct of Business....................................... 18 SECTION 5.2. Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Material....................... 20 SECTION 5.3. Access to Information..................................... 20 SECTION 5.4. Other Offers.............................................. 20 SECTION 5.5. State Takeover Statutes; Rights Agreement................. 20 ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF PARENT AND MERGER SUBSIDIARY SECTION 6.1. Obligations of Merger Subsidiary.......................... 21 SECTION 6.2. Voting of Shares.......................................... 21 SECTION 6.3. Indemnification........................................... 21 SECTION 6.4. Employees................................................. 21
ARTICLE VII ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS SECTION 7.1. HSR Act Filings; Reasonable Efforts; Notification......................................... 22 SECTION 7.2. Public Announcements...................................... 23 SECTION 7.3. Confidentiality........................................... 23 ARTICLE VIII CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER SECTION 8.1. Conditions to the Obligations of Each Party........................................... 24 -ii-
Page ---- ARTICLE IX TERMINATION SECTION 9.1. Termination............................................... 24 SECTION 9.2. Effect of Termination..................................... 25 ARTICLE X GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTION 10.1. Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties.......................................... 25 SECTION 10.2. Notices.................................................. 25 SECTION 10.3. Amendments; No Waivers................................... 26 SECTION 10.4. Fees and Expenses........................................ 26 SECTION 10.5. Successors and Assigns................................... 27 SECTION 10.6. Governing Law............................................ 27 SECTION 10.7. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Interpretation......................................... 27
-iii- AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER dated as of October 7, 1996 among Computer Associates International, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("Parent"), Tse-tsehese-staestse, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent ("Merger Subsidiary"), and Cheyenne Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"). The parties agree as follows: ARTICLE I THE OFFER SECTION 1.1. The Offer. (a) Provided that nothing shall have occurred that would result in a failure to satisfy any of the conditions set forth in Annex I hereto, Merger Subsidiary shall, as promptly as practicable after the date hereof, but in no event later than five business days following the public announcement of the terms of this Agreement, commence an offer (the "Offer") to purchase all of the outstanding shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Shares"), including the associated Rights (defined below in Section 4.1(c)) of the Company at a price of $30.50 per Share (including such associated Rights), net to the seller in cash. The Offer shall be subject to the condition that there shall be validly tendered in accordance with the terms of the Offer prior to the expiration date of the Offer and not withdrawn a number of Shares which, together with the Shares then owned by Parent and Merger Subsidiary, represents at least a majority of the total number of outstanding Shares, assuming the exercise of all outstanding options, rights and convertible securities (if any) and the issuance of all Shares that the Company is obligated to issue (such total number of outstanding Shares being hereinafter referred to as the "Fully Diluted Shares") (the "Minimum Condition") and to the other conditions set forth in Annex I hereto. Parent and Merger Subsidiary expressly reserve the right to waive the conditions to the Offer; provided that, without the written consent of the Company, no change may be made which changes the form of consideration to be paid, decreases the price per Share or the number of Shares sought in the Offer, imposes conditions to the Offer in addition to those set forth in Annex I, changes or waives the Minimum Condition, extends the Offer (except as set forth in the following sentence), or makes any other change to any condition to the Offer set forth in Annex I which is adverse to the holders of Shares. Subject to the terms of the Offer in this Agreement and the satisfaction (or waiver to the extent permitted by this Agreement) of the conditions to the Offer, Merger Subsidiary shall accept for payment all Shares validly tendered and not withdrawn pursuant to the Offer as soon as practicable after the applicable expiration date of the Offer and shall pay for all such Shares promptly after acceptance; provided that Merger Subsidiary may extend the Offer if, at the scheduled expiration date of the Offer or any extension thereof any of the conditions to the Offer shall not have been satisfied, until such time as such conditions are satisfied or waived, and Merger Subsidiary may extend the Offer for a further period of time of not more than 20 business days to meet the objective (which is not a condition to the Offer) that there be validly tendered, in accordance with the terms of the Offer, prior to the expiration date of the Offer (as so extended) and not withdrawn a number of Shares, which together with Shares then owned by Parent and Merger Subsidiary, represents at least 90% of the Fully Diluted Shares. Subject to Section 9.1, if the condition set forth in clause (ii) of the first paragraph of Annex I is not satisfied as of the date the Offer would otherwise have expired, Merger Subsidiary shall extend the Offer until the earlier of (i) the date that is 30 days after the first scheduled expiration date and (ii) the date the condition set forth in clause (ii) of the first paragraph of Annex I is satisfied. (b) As soon as practicable on the date of commencement of the Offer, Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall (i) file with the SEC (defined below in Section 4.1(a)) a Tender Offer Statement on Schedule 14D-1 with respect to the Offer which will contain the offer to purchase and form of the related letter of transmittal (together with any supplements or amendments thereto, collectively the "Offer Documents") and (ii) cause the Offer Documents to be disseminated to holders of Shares. Parent, Merger Subsidiary and the Company each agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it for use in the Offer Documents if and to the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any material respect. Parent and Merger Subsidiary agree to take all steps necessary to cause the Offer Documents as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and to be disseminated to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable federal securities laws. The Company and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Schedule 14D-1 prior to its being filed with the SEC. SECTION 1.2. Company Action. (a) The Company hereby consents to the Offer and represents that its Board of Directors, at a meeting duly called and held, has (i) unanimously determined that this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Offer and the Merger (defined below in Section 2.1), are fair to and in the best interest of the Company's stockholders, (ii) unanimously approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Offer and the Merger, which approval satisfies in full the requirements of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "Delaware Law"), and (iii) unanimously resolved to recommend acceptance of the Offer and approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger by its stockholders. The Company further represents that Lazard Freres & Co. LLC has delivered to the Company's Board of Directors its opinion that the consideration to be paid in the Offer and the Merger is fair to the holders of Shares from a financial point of view. The Company has been advised that all of its directors and executive officers presently intend either to tender their Shares pursuant to the Offer or to vote in favor of the Merger. The Company will promptly furnish Parent and Merger Subsidiary with a list of its stockholders, mailing labels and any available listing or computer file containing the names and addresses of all record holders of Shares and lists of securities positions of Shares held in stock depositories, in each case as of the most recent practicable date, and will provide to Parent and Merger Subsidiary such additional information (including, without limitation, updated lists of stockholders, mailing labels and lists of securities positions) and such other assistance as Parent or Merger Subsidiary may reasonably request in connection with the Offer. (b) As soon as practicable on the day that the Offer is commenced the Company will file with the SEC and disseminate to holders of Shares a Solicitation/Recommendation Statement on Schedule 14D-9 (the "Schedule 14D-9") which shall reflect the recommendations of the Company's Board of Directors referred to above, subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company. The Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary each agrees promptly to correct any information provided by it for use in the Schedule 14D-9 if and to the extent that it shall have become false or misleading in any material respect. The Company agrees to take all steps necessary to cause the Schedule 14D-9 as so corrected to be filed with the SEC and to be disseminated to holders of Shares, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable federal securities laws. Parent and its counsel shall be given a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Schedule 14D-9 prior to its being filed with the SEC. SECTION 1.3. Directors. (a) Effective upon the acceptance for payment by Merger Subsidiary of a majority of the Shares pursuant to the Offer, Parent shall be entitled to designate the number of directors, rounded up to the next whole number, on the Company's Board of Directors that equals the product of (i) the total number of directors on the Company's Board of Directors (giving effect to the election of any additional directors pursuant to this Section) and (ii) the percentage that the number of Shares owned by Parent or Merger Subsidiary (including Shares accepted for payment) bears to the total number of Shares outstanding, and the Company shall take all action necessary to cause Parent's designees to be elected or appointed to the Company's Board of Directors, including, without limitation, increasing the number of directors, or seeking and accepting resignations of -2- incumbent directors, or both; provided that, prior to the Effective Time (defined below in Section 2.1), the Company's Board of Directors shall always have one member who is neither a designee nor an affiliate of Parent or Merger Subsidiary nor an employee of the Company (an "Independent Director"). If the number of Independent Directors is reduced below one for any reason prior to the Effective Time, the departing Independent Director shall be entitled to designate a person to fill such vacancy. No action proposed to be taken by the Company to amend or terminate this Agreement or waive any action by Parent or Merger Subsidiary shall be effective without the approval of the Independent Director. At such times, the Company will use its best efforts to cause individuals designated by Parent to constitute the same percentage as such individuals represent on the Company's Board of Directors of (x) each committee of the Board, (y) each board of directors of each subsidiary (defined below in Section 4.1(a)) and (z) each committee of each such board. (b) The Company's obligations to appoint designees to the Board of Directors shall be subject to Section 14(f) of the Exchange Act (defined below in Section 4.1(d)) and Rule 14f-1 promulgated thereunder. The Company shall promptly take all actions required pursuant to Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1 in order to fulfill its obligations under this Section 1.3 and shall include in the Schedule 14D-9 such information with respect to the Company and its officers and directors as is required under Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1 to fulfill its obligations under this Section 1.3. Parent will supply to the Company in writing and be solely responsible for any information with respect to itself and its nominees, officers, directors and affiliates required by Section 14(f) and Rule 14f-1. ARTICLE II THE MERGER SECTION 2.1. The Merger. (a) At the Effective Time, Merger Subsidiary shall be merged (the "Merger") with and into the Company in accordance with the Delaware Law, whereupon the separate existence of Merger Subsidiary shall cease, and the Company shall be the surviving corporation (the "Surviving Corporation"). (b) The closing of the Merger (the "Closing") shall take place on the later of (x) November 30, 1996 and (y) the first business day on which all of the conditions set forth in Article VIII hereof shall be fulfilled or waived in accordance with this Agreement. As soon as practicable following the Closing, the Company and Merger Subsidiary will file a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and make all other filings or recordings required by Delaware Law in connection with the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such time as the certificate of merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or, with the consent of the Independent Director, at such later time as is specified in the certificate of merger (the "Effective Time"). (c) From and after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall possess all the rights, privileges, powers and franchises and be subject to all of the restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Subsidiary, all as provided under Delaware Law. SECTION 2.2. Conversion of Shares. At the Effective Time: (a) each Share held by the Company as treasury stock or owned by Parent, Merger Subsidiary or any subsidiary of either of them immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be canceled, and no payment shall be made with respect thereto; (b) each share of common stock of Merger Subsidiary outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one share -3- of common stock of the Surviving Corporation with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation; and (c) each Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, except as otherwise provided in Section 2.2(a) or as provided in Section 2.4 with respect to Shares as to which appraisal rights have been exercised, be converted into the right to receive $30.50 in cash or any higher price paid for each Share in the Offer, without interest (the "Merger Consideration"). SECTION 2.3. Surrender and Payment. (a) Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall appoint a bank or trust company (the "Exchange Agent") for the purpose of exchanging certificates representing Shares for the Merger Consideration. Parent will make available to the Exchange Agent, as needed, the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the Shares (the "Exchange Fund"). For purposes of determining the Merger Consideration to be made available, Parent shall assume that no holder of Shares will perfect his right to appraisal of his Shares. Promptly after the Effective Time, Parent will send, or will cause the Exchange Agent to send, to each holder of Shares at the Effective Time a letter of transmittal for use in such exchange (which shall specify that the delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the certificates representing Shares to the Exchange Agent). The Exchange Agent shall, pursuant to irrevocable instructions, make the payments provided in this Section 2.3. The Exchange Fund shall not be used for any other purpose, except as provided in this Agreement. (b) Each holder of Shares that have been converted into a right to receive the Merger Consideration, upon surrender to the Exchange Agent of a certificate or certificates representing such Shares, together with a properly completed letter of transmittal covering such Shares and such other documents as may be reasonably requested, will be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration payable in respect of such Shares. Until so surrendered, each such certificate shall, after the Effective Time, represent for all purposes, only the right to receive such Merger Consideration. (c) If any portion of the Merger Consideration is to be paid to a person other than the registered holder of the Shares represented by the certificate or certificates surrendered in exchange therefor, it shall be a condition to such payment that the certificate or certificates so surrendered shall be properly endorsed or otherwise be in proper form for transfer and that the person requesting such payment shall pay to the Exchange Agent any transfer or other taxes required as a result of such payment to a person other than the registered holder of such Shares or establish to the satisfaction of the Exchange Agent that such tax has been paid or is not payable. For purposes of this Agreement, "person" means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a trust or any other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or any agency or instrumentality thereof. (d) After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers of Shares. If, after the Effective Time, certificates representing Shares are presented to the Surviving Corporation, they shall be canceled and exchanged for the consideration provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth, in this Article II. (e) Any portion of the Exchange Fund made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 2.3(a) that remains unclaimed by the holders of Shares six months after the Effective Time shall be returned to Parent, upon demand, and any such holder who has not exchanged his Shares for the Merger Consideration in accordance with this Section 2.3 prior to that time shall thereafter look only to Parent for payment of the Merger Consideration in respect of his Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent shall not be liable to any holder of Shares for any amount paid to a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property laws. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by holders of -4- Shares immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any governmental entity shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, become the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of any person previously entitled hereto. (f) Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the Exchange Agent pursuant to Section 2.3(a) to pay for Shares for which appraisal rights have been perfected shall be returned to Parent, upon demand. SECTION 2.4. Dissenting Shares. Notwithstanding Section 2.2, Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and held by a holder who has not voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing and who has demanded appraisal for such Shares in accordance with Delaware Law shall not be converted into a right to receive the Merger Consideration, unless such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or otherwise loses his right to appraisal. If after the Effective Time such holder fails to perfect or withdraws or loses his right to appraisal, such Shares shall be treated as if they had been converted as of the Effective Time into a right to receive the Merger Consideration. The Company shall give Parent prompt notice of any demands received by the Company for appraisal of Shares, and Parent shall have the right to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, make any payment with respect to, or settle or offer to settle, any such demands. SECTION 2.5. Stock Options. (a) At the Effective Time, each of the then outstanding Company Options (defined below) shall by virtue of the Merger, and without any further action on the part of any holder thereof, become fully exercisable and vested and be assumed by Parent and converted into an option to purchase that number of shares of common stock, par value $.10 per share ("Parent Common Stock"), of Parent determined by multiplying the number of Shares subject to such Company Option at the Effective Time by the quotient obtained by dividing (x) $30.50 by (y) the average closing price of Parent Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape for the 20 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the Effective Time (such quotient, the "Conversion Number"), at an exercise price per share of Parent Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the exercise price per Share of such Company Option immediately prior to the Effective Time by (y) the Conversion Number. If the foregoing calculation results in an assumed Company Option being exercisable for a fraction of a share of Parent Common Stock, then the number of shares of Parent Common Stock subject to such option shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares. Except as otherwise set forth in this Section 2.5, the term, status as an "incentive stock option" under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the "Code"), if applicable, and all other terms and conditions of the Company Options will, to the extent permitted by law and otherwise reasonably practicable, be unchanged. The Company shall take, or cause to be taken, all actions which are necessary, proper or advisable under the Stock Plans to make effective the transactions contemplated by this Section 2.5. "Company Options" means any option granted, and not exercised or expired, to a current or former employee, director or independent contractor of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor thereof to purchase Shares pursuant to any stock option, stock bonus, stock award, or stock purchase plan, program, or arrangement of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any predecessor thereof (collectively, the "Stock Plans") or any other contract or agreement entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. (b) Parent shall take all corporate action necessary to reserve for issuance a sufficient number of shares of Parent Common Stock for delivery pursuant to the terms set forth in this Section 2.5. Parent shall cause the shares of Parent Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the assumed Company Options to be registered, or to be issued pursuant to a then effective registration statement, no later than 90 days after the Effective Time on Form S-8 promulgated by the SEC and shall use its best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement or registration statements for so -5- long as such assumed Company Options remain outstanding. With respect to those individuals who subsequent to the Merger will be subject to the reporting requirements under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, Parent shall administer the Company Options assumed pursuant to this Section 2.5 in a manner that complies with Rule 16b-3 promulgated by the SEC under the Exchange Act, but shall have no responsibility for such compliance by the Company or its predecessors. ARTICLE III THE SURVIVING CORPORATION SECTION 3.1. Certificate of Incorporation. The certificate of incorporation of Merger Subsidiary in effect at the Effective Time shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable law, except that the name of the Surviving Corporation shall be changed to the name of the Company. SECTION 3.2. Bylaws. The bylaws of Merger Subsidiary in effect at the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until amended in accordance with applicable law. SECTION 3.3. Directors and Officers. From and after the Effective Time, until successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified in accordance with applicable law, (i) the directors of Merger Subsidiary at the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, and (ii) the officers of the Merger Subsidiary at the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation. ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES SECTION 4.1. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Subsidiary as follows: (a) Organization, Standing, and Corporate Power. Each of the Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is incorporated and has the requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each of the Company and each of its Significant Subsidiaries is duly qualified or licensed to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such qualification or licensing necessary, other than in such jurisdictions where the failure to be so qualified or licensed (individually or in the aggregate) could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, business or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole except that occurrences due solely to a disruption of the Company's or its subsidiary's businesses solely as a result of the announcement of the execution of this Agreement and the transactions proposed to be consummated by this Agreement shall be excluded from consideration for purposes of the effect of an action or inaction on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole (a "Material Adverse Effect"). The Company has delivered to Parent complete and correct copies of its Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws and the certificates of incorporation and by-laws of its Significant Subsidiaries which are incorporated in the United States, in each case as amended to the date of this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, a "subsidiary" of any person means another person, an amount of the voting securities, other voting ownership or voting partnership interests of which is sufficient to elect at least a majority of its Board of Directors or other governing body (or, if there are no such voting interests, 50% or more of the equity interests of which) is owned directly or -6- indirectly by such first person; and a "Significant Subsidiary" means any subsidiary of a person that constitutes a significant subsidiary of such person within the meaning of Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). (b) Subsidiaries. Section 4.1(b) of the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Parent and Merger Subsidiary prior to the execution of this Agreement (the "Disclosure Schedule") lists each subsidiary of the Company and its respective jurisdiction of incorporation and indicates whether such subsidiary is a Significant Subsidiary. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of each such subsidiary have been validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned by the Company, by another subsidiary of the Company or by the Company and another such subsidiary, free and clear of all pledges, claims, liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind or nature whatsoever (collectively, "Liens") and free of any other limitation or restriction (including any restriction on the right to vote, sell or otherwise dispose of such capital stock), other than such Liens, limitations or restrictions arising in the ordinary and normal course under applicable law. Except for the capital stock of its subsidiaries, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any capital stock or other ownership interest in any person. (c) Capital Structure. The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 75,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"). At the time of execution of this Agreement, (i) 37,711,424 shares of Common Stock were issued and outstanding, including associated Preferred Share Purchase Rights (the "Rights") issued pursuant to the Rights Agreement, dated as of April 15, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"), between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights Agent (the "Rights Agent"), (ii) no shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding, (iii) 2,343,900 shares of Common Stock were held by the Company in its treasury or by any of the Company's subsidiaries, and (iv) 5,003,136 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding Company Options. Except as set forth above, at the time of execution of this Agreement, no shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company are issued, reserved for issuance or outstanding. All outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are, and all shares which may be issued pursuant to the Stock Plans will be, when issued, duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and not subject to preemptive rights. Other than the Shares, there are not any bonds, debentures, notes or other indebtedness or securities of the Company having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which shareholders of the Company may vote. Except as set forth above and in Section 4.1(c) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are not any securities, options, warrants, calls, rights, commitments, agreements, arrangements or undertakings of any kind to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound obligating the Company or any of its subsidiaries to issue, deliver or sell, or cause to be issued, delivered or sold, additional shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries or obligating the Company or any of its subsidiaries to issue, grant, extend or enter into any such security, option, warrant, call, right, commitment, agreement, arrangement or undertaking. There are no outstanding rights, commitments, agreements, arrangements or undertakings of any kind obligating the Company or any of its subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any securities of the type described in the two immediately preceding sentences (other than in connection with the exercise of outstanding Company Options). The Company has delivered to Parent complete and correct copies of the Stock Plans and all forms of Company Options. Section 4.1(c) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and accurate list of all Company Options outstanding as of the date of this Agreement and the exercise price of each outstanding Company Option. (d) Authority; Noncontravention. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and, except for any required approval by the Company's -7- stockholders in connection with the consummation of the Merger, to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company, except for any required approval by the Company's stockholders in connection with the consummation of the Merger. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of Parent and Merger Subsidiary, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms. The execution and delivery of this Agreement does not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and compliance with the provisions of this Agreement will not, conflict with, or result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or to loss of a material benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets, of the Company or any of its subsidiaries under, (i) the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or the comparable charter or organizational documents of any of its Significant Subsidiaries, (ii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession, franchise or license applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective properties or assets, or (iii) subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in the following sentence, any judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or their respective properties or assets, other than, in the case of clause (ii) or (iii) above, any such conflicts, violations, defaults, rights or Liens that individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to (A) have a Material Adverse Effect, (B) impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or (C) prevent or materially delay consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No consent, approval, order or authorization of, or registration, declaration or filing with or exemption by (collectively, "Consents") any federal, state or local government or any court, administrative or regulatory agency or commission or other governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (a "Governmental Entity"), is required by or with respect to the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for (i) the filing of a premerger notification and report form by the Company under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the "HSR Act"), (ii) compliance with any applicable requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the "Exchange Act"), (iii) the filing of a certificate of merger in accordance with Delaware Law and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified to do business, (iv) such notices, filings and consents as may be required under relevant state property transfer laws, and (v) such other consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as (A) may be required under the laws of any foreign country in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries conducts any business or owns any property or assets or (B) as to which the failure to obtain or make could not reasonably be expected to (x) have a Material Adverse Effect or (y) prevent or materially delay the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. (e) SEC Documents; Financial Statements; No Undisclosed Liabilities. The Company has filed all required reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents with the SEC since July 1, 1993 (the "SEC Documents"). As of their respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the "Securities Act"), or the Exchange Act, as the case may be, applicable to such SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents comply as to form in all material -8- respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto, have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (except, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates thereof and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject in the case of unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments). Except as set forth in the Company Filed SEC Documents, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any liabilities or obligations of any nature (whether accrued, absolute, contingent or otherwise) and there is no existing condition, situation or set of circumstances which are required by generally accepted accounting principles to be set forth on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries or in the notes thereto, except for liabilities which, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. (f) Disclosure Documents. (i) Each document required to be filed by the Company with the SEC in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the "Company Disclosure Documents"), including, without limitation, the Schedule 14D-9, the proxy or information statement of the Company (the "Company Proxy Statement"), if any, to be filed with the SEC in connection with the Merger, and any amendments or supplements thereto will, when filed, comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act. (ii) At the time the Company Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to stockholders of the Company and at the time such stockholders vote on adoption of this Agreement, the Company Proxy Statement, as supplemented or amended, if applicable, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. At the time of the filing of any Company Disclosure Document other than the Company Proxy Statement and at the time of any distribution thereof, such Company Disclosure Document will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties contained in this Section 4.1(f)(ii) will not apply to statements or omissions included in the Company Disclosure Documents based upon information furnished to the Company in writing by Parent or Merger Subsidiary specifically for use therein. (iii) The information with respect to the Company or any subsidiary that the Company furnishes to Parent or Merger Subsidiary in writing specifically for use in the Offer Documents will not, at the time of the filing thereof, at the time of any distribution thereof and at the time of the consummation of the Offer, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. (g) Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents filed and publicly available prior to the date of this Agreement (the "Company Filed SEC Documents") and in Section 4.1(g) of the Disclosure Schedule, since June 30, 1996, the Company has conducted its business only in the ordinary course consistent with past practice, and there has not been (i) any event, occurrence or development of a state of circumstances which has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) any declaration, setting aside or payment of any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, stock or property) with respect to any of the Company's capital stock or any repurchase, redemption or other acquisition by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any outstanding shares of capital stock or other securities of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (iii) any split, combination or reclassification of any of its capital stock or any issuance or -9- the authorization of any issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock, (iv) (A) any granting by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to any current or former director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any increase in compensation or benefits or severance or termination pay or benefits, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or as was required under employment, severance or termination agreements or plans in effect as of June 30, 1996, or (B) any entry by the Company or any of its subsidiaries into any employment, deferred compensation, severance or termination agreement with any such current or former director, officer or employee, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (v) any damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by insurance, that has had or could have a Material Adverse Effect, (vi) any change in accounting methods, principles or practices by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, except insofar as may have been required by a change in generally accepted accounting principles, (vii) any amendment of any material term of any outstanding security of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (viii) any incurrence, assumption or guarantee by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any indebtedness for borrowed money in the amount of more than $1,000,000 in the aggregate, (ix) any creation or assumption by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any Lien on any asset other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, but in no event in the amount of more than $500,000 for any one transaction or $1,000,000 in the aggregate, (x) any making of any loan, advance or capital contributions to or investment in any person other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, but in no event in the amount of more than $500,000 for any one transaction or $1,000,000 in the aggregate and other than investments in marketable securities made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (xi) any transaction or commitment made, or any contract or agreement entered into, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to its assets or business (including the acquisition or disposition of any assets or the merger or consolidation with any person) or any relinquishment by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any contract or other right, in either case, material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, other than transactions and commitments in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and those contemplated by this Agreement, but (without the consent of Parent which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) in no event representing commitments on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries of more than $500,000 for any transaction or $1,000,000 for any series of transactions, (xii) any material labor dispute, other than routine individual grievances, or any activity or proceeding by a labor union or representative thereof to organize any employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, which employees were not subject to a collective bargaining agreement at June 30, 1996, or any material lockouts, strikes, slowdowns, work stoppages or threats thereof by or with respect to such employees or (xiii) any agreement, commitment, arrangement or undertaking by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to perform any action described in clauses (i) through (xii). (h) Litigation. Except as disclosed in the Company Filed SEC Documents or in Section 4.1(h) of the Disclosure Schedule, there is no suit, action or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to (i) have a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or (iii) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Offer, the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor is there any judgment, decree, injunction, rule or order of any Governmental Entity or arbitrator outstanding against the Company or any of its subsidiaries having, or which, insofar as reasonably can be foreseen, in the future would have, any such effect. Section 4.1(h) of the Disclosure Schedule sets forth as of the date hereof, with respect to any pending suit, action or proceeding to which the Company or any its subsidiaries is a party and which involves claims which if adversely determined would exceed $500,000, the forum, the parties thereto, the subject matter thereof and the amount of damages claimed. -10- (i) Absence of Changes in Stock and Benefit Plans. Except as disclosed in the Company Filed SEC Documents or Section 4.1(i) of the Disclosure Schedule, since June 30, 1996, there has not been (i) any adoption or amendment by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any Stock Plan or any acceleration, amendment or change of the period of exercisability or vesting of any Company Options or restricted stock, stock bonus or other awards under the Stock Plans (including any discretionary acceleration of the exercise periods or vesting by the Company's Board of Directors or any committee thereof or any other persons administering a Stock Plan) or authorization of cash payments in exchange for any Company Options, restricted stock, stock bonus or other awards granted under any of such Stock Plans; or (ii) any adoption or amendment by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any collective bargaining agreement or any bonus, pension, profit sharing, deferred compensation, incentive compensation, stock ownership, stock purchase, stock option, phantom stock, stock appreciation right, retirement, vacation, severance, disability, death benefit, hospitalization, medical, workers' compensation, supplementary unemployment benefits or other plan, arrangement or understanding providing benefits to any current or former employee, officer or director of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any beneficiary thereof entered into, maintained or contributed to, as the case may be, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (collectively, "Benefit Plans") where the expense of such Benefit Plan, or amendment thereto, as the case may be, is material, other than those Benefit Plans maintained outside of the United States primarily for the benefit of persons substantially all of whom are non-resident aliens with respect to the United States ("Foreign Benefit Plans"). (j) Participation and Coverage in Benefit Plan. Except for amendments and other actions described in Section 4.1(i) of the Disclosure Schedule, except with respect to changes required by applicable law, and except as disclosed in the Company Filed SEC Documents or Section 4.1(j) of the Disclosure Schedule, there has been no written interpretation or announcement (whether or not written) by the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to, or change in employee participation or coverage under, any Benefit Plan, other than a Foreign Benefit Plan, which would increase materially the expense of maintaining such Benefit Plan above the level of the expense incurred in respect thereof for the fiscal year ended on June 30, 1996. (k) ERISA Compliance. (i) Section 4.1(k) of the Disclosure Schedule contains a list of (A) all "employee pension benefit plans" (defined in Section 3(2) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA")), "employee welfare benefit plans" (defined in Section 3(l) of ERISA) and all other Benefit Plans maintained, or contributed to, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates (defined below) for the benefit of any current or former employees, officers or directors of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates or under which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or ERISA affiliates has any liability other than Foreign Benefit Plans ("U.S. Benefit Plans") and (B) all Stock Plans. For purposes of this Agreement, "ERISA affiliate" of the Company means any person which, together with the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would be treated as a single employer under Section 414 of the Code. The only Benefit Plans described in clause (A) of the preceding sentence which constitute an "employee pension benefit plan" defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA (the "Pension Plans") are identified as such in Section 4.1(k) of the Disclosure Schedule. (ii) Each material U.S. Benefit Plan has been maintained and administered in compliance in all material respects with its terms and with the requirements prescribed by any and all applicable statutes, orders, rules and regulations, and is, to the extent required by applicable law or contract, fully funded without having any material deficit or material unfunded actuarial liability. Any Benefit Plan intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code has been determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be so qualified and, except as set forth in Section 4.1(k) of the Disclosure Schedule, nothing has occurred to cause the loss of such qualified status except where such occurrence could reasonably be expected to be cured without the incurrence by the Company of any liability or expense that would be material to the Company and its subsidiaries. -11- (iii) No Benefit Plan is covered by Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has incurred or expects to incur any liability under Title IV of ERISA that has not already been satisfied or any liability or penalty under Section 4975 or 4980B of the Code or Section 502(i) of ERISA that has not already been satisfied. (iv) Except as disclosed in Section 4.1(k)(iv) of the Disclosure Schedule, there are no pending or anticipated claims against or otherwise involving any of the Benefit Plans and no suit, action or other litigation has been brought against or with respect to any Benefit Plan (excluding, in each case, claims for benefits incurred in the ordinary course of Benefit Plan activities) which would be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries. (v) All material contributions, reserves or premium payments required to be made as of the date hereof to or with respect to the Benefit Plans have been made or provided for except to the extent failure to do so would not impair the continued operation of the relevant Benefit Plan. (vi) Except as required by law or as disclosed in Section 4.1(k)(vi) of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any material obligations for post-retirement or post-termination health and life benefits under any U.S. Benefit Plan. (l) Taxes. As used in this Agreement, "tax" or "taxes" shall include all Federal, state, local and foreign income, property, sales, excise and other taxes, tariffs or governmental charges or assessments of any nature whatsoever as well as any interest, penalties and additions thereto. Except as disclosed in Schedule 4.1(l) of the Disclosure Schedule: (i) The Company and each of its subsidiaries have timely filed all tax returns, statements, reports and forms required to be filed with any tax authority and in accordance with all applicable laws. All such tax returns are correct and complete in all material respects. All taxes owed by the Company and any of its subsidiaries (whether or not shown on any tax return) have been paid other than where failure to do so could reasonably be expected to be cured without the incurrence by the Company of any material liability. There are no material Liens on any of the assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that arose in connection with any failure (or alleged failure) to pay any tax. (ii) The Company and each of its subsidiaries has withheld and timely paid all taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, independent contractor, creditor, stockholder, or other third party other than where failure to do so could reasonably be expected to be cured without the incurrence by the Company of any material liability. (iii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries expect any authority to assess any additional taxes against the Company or any of its subsidiaries for any period for which tax returns have been filed. No dispute or claim concerning any tax liability of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has been proposed or claimed in writing by any authority. (iv) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has waived any statute of limitations in respect of taxes or agreed to any extension of time with respect to a tax assessment or deficiency. (v) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has filed a consent pursuant to Section 341(f) of the Code concerning collapsible corporations. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any tax allocation or sharing agreement. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any material liability for the taxes of any person (other than the Company and any of its -12- subsidiaries that is currently a member of the Company's affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income tax return) under Treas. Reg. Sect. 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise. (vi) As of the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Company Filed SEC Documents, the unpaid taxes of the Company and its subsidiaries did not exceed the liability for taxes (rather than any reserve for deferred taxes established to reflect timing differences between book and tax income) set forth on the face of such financial statements. (vii) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is required to include in income any adjustment pursuant to Section 481(a) of the Code (or similar provisions of other law or regulations) in its current or in any future taxable period by reason of a change in accounting method; nor does the Company or any of its subsidiaries have any knowledge that the Internal Revenue Service (or other taxing authority) has proposed or is considering proposing, any such change in accounting method. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any agreement, contract, or arrangement that, individually or collectively, could give rise to the payment of any material amount (whether in cash or property, including Shares) that would not be deductible pursuant to the terms of Sections 162(a)(1), other than amounts which may be required to be capitalized pursuant to Section 263 or other applicable sections of the Code, 162(m), 162(n) or 280G of the Code. (m) State Takeover Statutes; Rights Agreement. (i) The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the Offer, the Merger and this Agreement, and such approval is sufficient to render inapplicable to the Offer, the Merger, this Agreement and the other transactions contemplated hereby, the provisions of Section 203 of Delaware Law. To the best of the Company's knowledge, no other "fair price", "moratorium", "control share acquisition", or other anti-takeover statute or similar statute or regulation, applies or purports to apply to the Offer, the Merger, this Agreement or any of the other transactions contemplated hereby. (ii) The Company has delivered to Parent a complete and correct copy of the Rights Agreement, including all amendments and exhibits thereto. The Company has taken, and as soon as possible after the date hereof (but in no event later than two business days after the date hereof), the Rights Agent will take, all actions necessary or appropriate to amend the Rights Agreement to ensure that the execution of this Agreement, the announcement or making of the Offer, the acquisition of Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated in this Agreement will not cause Parent or any of its affiliates to be considered an Acquiring Person (defined in the Rights Agreement), the occurrence of a Distribution Date or Shares Acquisition Date (each defined in the Rights Agreement) or the separation of the Rights from the underlying Shares, and will not give the holders thereof the right to acquire securities of any party hereto. (n) Brokers; Schedule of Fees and Expenses. No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other person, other than Lazard Freres & Co. LLC and Broadview Associates LLC, the fees and expenses of which will be paid by the Company (and a copy of whose engagement letters and a calculation of the fees that would be due thereunder has been provided to Parent), is entitled to any broker's, finder's, financial advisor's or other similar fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Assuming consummation of the Offer and the Merger, no such engagement letter obligates the Company to continue to use their services or pay fees or expenses in connection with any future transaction. (o) Permits; Compliance with Laws. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has in effect all federal, state, local and foreign governmental approvals, authorizations, certificates, filings, franchises, licenses, notices, permits and rights ("Permits") necessary for it to own, lease or operate its -13- properties and assets and to carry on its business as now conducted, and there has occurred no default under any such Permit except for the absence of Permits and for defaults under Permits which absence or defaults, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its subsidiaries have been, and are, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable statutes, laws or material ordinances, regulations, rules, judgments, decrees or orders of any Governmental Entity, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice from any Governmental Entity or any other person that either the Company or any of its subsidiaries is in violation of, or has violated, in any material respect any applicable statutes, laws or material ordinances, regulations, rules, judgments, decrees or orders. (p) Contracts; Debt Instruments. (i) Except as otherwise disclosed in Section 4.1(p)(i)(A)-(F) of the Disclosure Schedule, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to or subject to: (A) any union contract, or any employment, consulting, severance, termination, or indemnification agreement, contract or arrangement providing for future payments, written or oral, with any current or former officer, consultant, director or employee which (1) exceeds $200,000 per annum or (2) requires aggregate annual payments or total payments over the life of such agreement, contract or arrangement to such current or former officer, consultant, director or employee in excess of $100,000 or $250,000, respectively, and is not terminable by it or its subsidiary on 30 days' notice or less without penalty or obligation to make payments related to such termination; (B) any joint venture contract or arrangement or any other agreement which has involved or is expected to involve a sharing of revenues of $1,000,000 per annum or more with other persons; (C) any lease for real or personal property in which the amount of payments which the Company is required to make on an annual basis exceeds $1,000,000; (D) to the Company's knowledge, any material agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit, document, instrument, arrangement or commitment which has not been terminated or performed in its entirety and not renewed which may be, by its terms, terminated, impaired or adversely affected by reason of the execution of this Agreement, the closing of the Offer or the Merger, or the consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereby; (E) any agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit, document, instrument, arrangement or commitment that limits in any material respect the freedom of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company to compete in any line of business or with any person or in any geographic area or which would so limit in any material respect the freedom of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company after the Effective Time; or (F) any other agreement, contract, policy, license, Permit, document, instrument, arrangement or commitment not made in the ordinary course of business which is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole. (ii) Neither the Company nor any subsidiary of the Company is in default in any material respect under the terms of any exclusive license or distribution agreement or arrangement that, by its terms, provides for payments to the Company or any of its subsidiaries of $500,000 or more per annum. To the knowledge of the Company, as of the date hereof, none of the parties to any of the contracts identified in Section 4.1(p)(i)(A)-(F) of the Disclosure Schedule or otherwise disclosed in the -14- Company Filed SEC Documents has terminated, or in any way expressed an intent to materially reduce or terminate the amount of, its business with the Company or any of its subsidiaries in the future. (iii) Set forth in Section 4.1(p)(iii) of the Disclosure Schedule is (A) a list of all loan or credit agreements, notes, bonds, mortgages, indentures and other agreements and instruments pursuant to which any indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount in excess of $500,000 is outstanding or may be incurred and (B) the respective principal amounts currently outstanding thereunder. For purposes of this Section 4.1(p)(iii), "indebtedness" shall mean, with respect to any person, without duplication, (A) all obligations of such person for borrowed money, or with respect to deposits or advances of any kind to such person, (B) all obligations of such person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, (C) all obligations of such person upon which interest charges are customarily paid, (D) all obligations of such person under conditional sale or other title retention agreements relating to property purchased by such person, (E) all obligations of such person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property or services (excluding obligations of such person to creditors for raw materials, inventory, services and supplies incurred in the ordinary course of such person's business), (F) all capitalized lease obligations of such person, (G) all obligations of others secured by any Lien on property or assets owned or acquired by such person, whether or not the obligations secured thereby have been assumed, (H) all obligations of such person under interest rate or currency swap transactions (valued at the termination value thereof), (I) all letters of credit issued for the account of such person (excluding letters of credit issued for the benefit of suppliers to support accounts payable to suppliers incurred in the ordinary course of business), (J) all obligations of such person to purchase securities (or other property) which arises out of or in connection with the sale of the same or substantially similar securities or property, and (K) all guarantees and arrangements having the economic effect of a guarantee of such person of any indebtedness of any other person. (q) Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Company has received the opinion of Lazard Freres & Co. LLC, dated the date hereof, a copy of which has been or, within three business days of the date hereof, will be provided to Parent, to the effect that, as of such date, the consideration to be paid in the Offer and the Merger is fair to the Company's stockholders from a financial point of view. (r) Interests of Officers and Directors. None of the Company's or any of its subsidiaries' officers or directors has any interest in any property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, including inventions, patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade names, trade secrets or knowhow, used in or pertaining to the business of the Company or that of its subsidiaries, or any supplier, distributor or customer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, except for the normal rights of a stockholder and rights under existing employee benefit plans and except for any such interest which would not be required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act. (s) Technology. (i) The Company and its subsidiaries exclusively own, or are licensed to use, the rights to all patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks, copyrights and any applications therefor, maskworks, net lists, schematics, inventories, technology, trade secrets, source codes, know-how, computer software programs or applications and tangible or intangible proprietary information or material that in any material respect are used or proposed by the Company to be used in the business of the Company and any of its subsidiaries as currently conducted or proposed by the Company to be conducted (the "Company Intellectual Property Rights"). Section 4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule lists, as of the date hereof, all material: (A) patents, trademarks, trade names, service marks, registered and unregistered copyrights, and any applications therefor included in the Company Intellectual Property Rights, the Company's currently marketed software products and a list of which, if any, of such products have been registered for copyright protection with the United States Copyright Office and any foreign offices; and (B) licenses and other agreements to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party and pursuant to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is -15- authorized to use any Company Intellectual Property Right. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is, or as a result of the execution, delivery or performance of the Company's obligations hereunder will be, in material violation of, or lose any rights pursuant to, any material license or agreement described in Section 4.1(s) of the Disclosure Schedule. (ii) As of the date hereof, no claims with respect to the Company Intellectual Property Rights have been asserted or, to the knowledge of the Company, are threatened by any person nor does the Company or any subsidiary of the Company know of any valid grounds for any bona fide claims against the use by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company of any Company Intellectual Property Rights. All granted and issued patents and all registered trademarks and service marks listed in Section 4.1(s)(i) of the Disclosure Schedule and all copyrights held by the Company or any of its subsidiaries are valid, enforceable and subsisting. To the Company's knowledge, as of the date hereof, there has not been and there is not any material unauthorized use, infringement or misappropriation of any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights by any third party, employee or former employee. (iii) No Company Intellectual Property Right is subject to any outstanding order, judgment, decree, stipulation or agreement restricting in any manner the licensing thereof by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any agreement to indemnify any other person against any charge of infringement of any Company Intellectual Property Right, except infringement indemnities agreed to in the ordinary course included as part of the Company's license agreements. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any agreement granting any third party the right to bring infringement actions with respect to, or otherwise to enforce rights with respect to, any Company Intellectual Property Right owned by the Company. The Company and its subsidiaries have the exclusive right to file, prosecute and maintain all applications and registrations with respect to the Company Intellectual Property Rights owned by the Company. (t) Change of Control. Except as set forth in Section 4.1(i), 4.1(p)(i)(A) or 4.1(t) of the Disclosure Schedule, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (i) result in or increase in any material respect the amount of any payment or benefit (including a payment or benefit contingent on the occurrence of one or more events including, without limitation, termination of employment) becoming due to any current or former employee, director or independent contractor of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, from the Company or any of its subsidiaries under the terms of any Stock Plan, Benefit Plan or employment or change of control agreement, or (ii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, exercise or vesting of any such payment or benefits. SECTION 4.2. Representations and Warranties of Parent and Merger Subsidiary. Parent and Merger Subsidiary represent and warrant to the Company as follows: (a) Organization, Standing and Corporate Power. Each of Parent and Merger Subsidiary is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the requisite corporate power and authority to carry on its business as now being conducted. (b) Authority; Noncontravention. Parent and Merger Subsidiary have all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Parent and Merger Subsidiary. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Subsidiary and, assuming this Agreement constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company, constitutes a valid and binding obligation of such party, -16- enforceable against such party in accordance with its terms. The execution and delivery of this Agreement do not, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and compliance with the provisions of this Agreement will not, conflict with, or result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination or cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or to loss of a material benefit under, or result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of Parent or any of its subsidiaries under, (i) the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of Parent or Merger Subsidiary or the comparable charter or organizational documents of any other subsidiary of Parent, (ii) any loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease or other agreement, instrument, permit, concession, franchise or license applicable to Parent or Merger Subsidiary or their respective properties or assets or (iii) subject to the governmental filings and other matters referred to in the following sentence, any judgment, order, decree, statute, law, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to Parent, Merger Subsidiary or any other subsidiary of Parent or their respective properties or assets, other than, in the case of clause (ii) or (iii), any such conflicts, violations, defaults, rights or Liens that individually or in the aggregate would not (A) have a material adverse effect on Parent and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, (B) impair the ability of Parent and Merger Subsidiary to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement or (C) prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No Consent is required by or with respect to Parent, Merger Subsidiary or any other subsidiary of Parent in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the consummation by Parent or Merger Subsidiary, as the case may be, of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for (i) the filing of a premerger notification and report form under the HSR Act, (ii) compliance with any applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, (iii) the filing of a certificate of merger in accordance with Delaware Law and appropriate documents with the relevant authorities of other states in which the Company is qualified to do business, (iv) such notices, filings and consents as may be required under relevant state property transfer laws and (v) such other consents, approvals, orders, authorizations, registrations, declarations and filings as (A) may be required under the laws of any foreign country in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries conducts any business or owns any property or assets or (B) as to which the failure to obtain or make could not reasonably be expected to (x) have a Material Adverse Effect or (y) prevent or materially delay the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. (c) Disclosure Documents. (i) The information with respect to Parent and its subsidiaries that Parent furnishes to the Company in writing specifically for use in any Company Disclosure Document will not contain, any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (A) in the case of the Company Proxy Statement at the time the Company Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to stockholders of the Company and at the time the stockholders vote on adoption of this Agreement, and (B) in the case of any Company Disclosure Document other than the Company Proxy Statement, at the time of the filing thereof and at the time of any distribution thereof. (ii) The Offer Documents, when filed, will comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and will not at the time of the filing thereof, at the time of any distribution thereof or at the time of consummation of the Offer, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, that this representation and warranty will not apply to statements or omissions in the Offer Documents based upon information furnished to Parent or Merger Subsidiary in writing by the Company specifically for use therein. (d) Brokers. No broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other person is entitled to any broker's, finder's, financial advisor's or other similar fee or commission in connection -17- with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Subsidiary. (e) Delaware Law. As of the time immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement, neither Parent nor any of its subsidiaries was (i) an "interested stockholder", as such term is defined in Section 203 of the Delaware Law or (ii) an Acquiring Person under the Rights Agreement. (f) Financing. Parent will provide or cause to be provided to Merger Subsidiary the funds necessary to consummate the Offer and the Merger in accordance with their terms and the terms of this Agreement. ARTICLE V COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY SECTION 5.1. Conduct of Business. During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company shall, and shall cause its subsidiaries to, carry on their respective businesses in the ordinary course in substantially the same manner as heretofore conducted and, to the extent consistent therewith, use all reasonable efforts to preserve intact their current business organizations, keep available the services of their current officers and employees and preserve their relationships with customers, suppliers, licensors, licensees, distributors and others having business dealings with them. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of its subsidiaries to, without the prior written approval of Parent: (a)(i) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions in respect of, any of its capital stock, other than dividends and distributions by any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company to its parent, (ii) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or (iii) purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other securities thereof or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares or other securities (other than in connection with the exercise of Company Options); (b) issue, deliver, sell, pledge or otherwise encumber any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or any securities convertible into, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares, voting securities or convertible securities (other than the issuance of Shares upon the exercise of Company Options outstanding on the date of this Agreement in accordance with their terms on such date); (c) amend its certificate of incorporation, by-laws or other comparable charter or organizational documents; (d)(i) mortgage or otherwise encumber or subject to any Lien, any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights or any other material properties or assets, (ii) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and pursuant to existing contracts or commitments, sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights or any other material properties or assets, or (iii) except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or pursuant to existing contracts or commitments, license any of the Company Intellectual Property Rights; -18- (e) make or agree to make any new capital expenditures individually in excess of $250,000; (f) make any material tax election (unless required by law) or settle or compromise any material income tax liability; (g) pay, discharge or satisfy any claims, liabilities or obligations (absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than the payment, discharge or satisfaction, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and in accordance with their terms, of (i) liabilities reflected or reserved against in, or contemplated by, the most recent consolidated financial statements (or the notes thereto) of the Company included in the Company Filed SEC Documents or (ii) liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, or, subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company, waive the benefits of, or agree to modify in any manner, any confidentiality, standstill or similar agreement to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party; (h) commence a lawsuit other than (i) for the routine collection of bills or (ii) to enforce this Agreement or (iii) in such cases where the Company in good faith determines that the failure to commence suit would result in a material impairment of a valuable aspect of the Company's business, provided that the Company consults with Parent prior to filing such suit; (i)(i) enter into or amend any employment agreement, (ii) enter into any customer sale or license agreement with non-standard terms or at discounts from list prices from that typically granted to similarly situated customers in accordance with past practice; provided that such action with respect to a customer sale or license agreement that is immaterial in amount and term will not be deemed to violate this provision if the Company has (A) used its best efforts to ensure compliance with this provision and (B) taken prompt corrective action in the event of a violation sufficient to ensure that no similar violation will occur in the future, (iii) pay commissions to sales employees except pursuant to quarterly draws consistent with past practice or on the basis of executed customer contracts with respect to products actually delivered to customers, (iv) without the consent of Parent which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, enter into any contract or series of related contracts in excess of $500,000 for any contract or $1,000,000 for any series of related contracts, (v) enter into or amend any agreement or arrangement for professional services or advice except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (vi) enter into any customer agreements providing for product replacements except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice or (vii) make any determination as to amounts payable under any plan, arrangement, or agreement, providing for discretionary incentive compensation or bonus to any officer, director, employee or independent contractor of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; (j) hire additional employees except in accordance with existing budgets; provided that the aggregate number of employees of the Company and its subsidiaries shall not be increased by more than eight percent per quarter over the number of employees on the date of this Agreement; (k) authorize any of, or commit or agree to take any of, the foregoing actions; or (l)(i) take or agree or commit to take any action that would make any representation or warranty of the Company hereunder inaccurate in any respect at, or as of any time prior to, the Effective Time or (ii) omit or agree or commit to omit to take any action necessary to prevent any such representation or warranty from being inaccurate in any respect at any such time. -19- SECTION 5.2. Stockholder Meeting; Proxy Material. The Company shall cause a meeting of its stockholders (the "Company Stockholder Meeting") to be duly called and held as soon as reasonably practicable following Merger Subsidiary's acquisition of Shares in the Offer for the purpose of voting on the approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger unless a vote of stockholders of the Company is not required by Delaware Law. The Directors of the Company shall, subject to their fiduciary duties as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company, recommend approval and adoption of this Agreement and the Merger by the Company's stockholders. In connection with such meeting, the Company (i) will promptly prepare and file with the SEC, will use all reasonable efforts to have cleared by the SEC and will thereafter mail to its stockholders as promptly as practicable the Company Proxy Statement and all other proxy materials for such meeting, (ii) subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company, will use its best efforts to obtain the necessary approvals by its stockholders of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and (iii) will otherwise comply with all legal requirements applicable to such meeting. SECTION 5.3. Access to Information. From the date hereof until the Effective Time, the Company will give Parent, its counsel, financial advisors, auditors and other authorized representatives access (during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice) to the offices, properties, books and records of the Company and the subsidiaries, will furnish to Parent, its counsel, financial advisors, auditors and other authorized representatives such financial and operating data and other information as such persons may reasonably request and will instruct the Company's employees, counsel and financial advisors to cooperate with Parent in its investigation of the business of the Company and the subsidiaries; provided that no investigation pursuant to this Section 5.3 shall affect any representation or warranty given by the Company to Parent hereunder. SECTION 5.4. Other Offers. Until the termination of this Agreement, the Company and its subsidiaries will not, and will not authorize or permit the officers, directors, employees or other agents of the Company and its subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action to solicit, initiate or encourage any Acquisition Proposal (defined below) or (ii) subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company under applicable law, as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company, engage in negotiations with, or disclose any nonpublic information relating to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or afford access to the properties, books or records of the Company or any of its subsidiaries to, any person that has advised the Company or otherwise publicized the fact that such person may be considering making, or that has made, an Acquisition Proposal; provided, nothing herein shall prohibit the Company's Board of Directors from taking and disclosing to the Company's stockholders a position with respect to a tender offer pursuant to Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The Company will promptly notify Parent after receipt of any Acquisition Proposal or any notice that any person is considering making an Acquisition Proposal or any request for nonpublic information relating to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or for access to the properties, books or records of the Company or any of its subsidiaries by any person that has advised the Company or otherwise publicized the fact that such person may be considering making, or that has made, an Acquisition Proposal and will keep Parent informed of the status and details of any such Acquisition Proposal, indication or request. For purposes of this Agreement, "Acquisition Proposal" means any offer or proposal for, or any written indication of interest in, a merger or other business combination involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries or the acquisition of any significant equity interest in, or a significant portion of the assets of, the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. SECTION 5.5. State Takeover Statutes; Rights Agreement. (a) If any "fair price", "control share acquisition", "moratorium" or other anti-takeover statute, or similar statute or regulation shall become applicable to the Offer, the Merger or this Agreement, or any other transactions contemplated hereby, the Company and its Board of Directors shall take all action necessary to ensure -20- that the Offer, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby, may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated hereby and otherwise to minimize the effect of such statute or regulation on the Offer, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. (b) Except as otherwise provided in Section 4.1(m)(ii), the Company shall not redeem the Rights or amend (other than to delay the Distribution Date or to render the Rights inapplicable to the Offer and the Merger) or terminate the Rights Agreement prior to the Effective Time unless required to do so by a court of competent jurisdiction. ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF PARENT AND MERGER SUBSIDIARY SECTION 6.1. Obligations of Merger Subsidiary. Parent will take all action necessary to cause Merger Subsidiary to perform its obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the Offer and the Merger on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. SECTION 6.2. Voting of Shares. Parent agrees to make a quorum and vote all Shares acquired in the Offer or otherwise beneficially owned by it in favor of adoption of this Agreement at the Company Stockholder Meeting. SECTION 6.3. Indemnification. For six years after the Effective Time, Parent will indemnify and hold harmless the present and former officers, directors, employees and agents of the Company (the "Indemnified Parties") in respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Effective Time to the extent provided under the Company's certificate of incorporation and bylaws in effect on the date hereof; provided that such indemnification shall be subject to any limitation imposed from time to time under applicable law. For four years after the Effective Time, Parent will cause the Surviving Corporation to provide officers' and directors' liability insurance in respect of acts or omissions occurring on or prior to the Effective Time covering each such person currently covered by the Company's officers' and directors' liability insurance policy on terms substantially similar to those of such policy in effect on the date hereof, provided that in satisfying its obligation under this Section, Parent shall not be obligated to cause the Surviving Corporation to pay premiums in excess of 105% of the amount per annum the Company paid in its last full fiscal year, which amount has been disclosed to Parent and if the Surviving Corporation is unable to obtain the insurance required by this Section 6.3, it shall obtain as much comparable insurance as possible for an annual premium equal to such maximum amount. Without limitation of the foregoing, in the event any such Indemnified Party is or becomes involved in any capacity in any action, proceeding or investigation in connection with any matter relating to the Merger, the Offer or this Agreement occurring on or prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall pay as incurred such Indemnified Party's reasonable legal and other expenses (including the cost of any investigation and preparation) incurred in connection therewith. SECTION 6.4. Employees. (a) Parent agrees to honor in accordance with their terms all Benefit Plans (including employment agreements) previously delivered to Parent and all accrued benefits vested thereunder; it being understood and agreed that nothing in this Section 6.4(a) shall prevent Parent from terminating any such Benefit Plan in accordance with its terms. For purposes of this Section 6.4(a), any Benefit Plan that is a Company Filed SEC Document shall be deemed to have been delivered to Parent. (b) Parent agrees to provide employees of the Company and its subsidiaries retained by Parent with employee benefits in the aggregate no less favorable than those benefits provided to Parent's similarly situated employees; provided that Parent shall be under no obligation to retain any employee or group of employees of the Company or its subsidiaries. -21- ARTICLE VII ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS SECTION 7.1. HSR Act Filings; Reasonable Efforts; Notification. (a) Each of Parent and the Company shall (i) promptly make or cause to be made the filings required of such party or any of its subsidiaries under the HSR Act with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) comply at the earliest practicable date with any request under the HSR Act for additional information, documents, or other material received by such party or any of its subsidiaries from the Federal Trade Commission or the Department of Justice or any other Governmental Entity in respect of such filings or such transactions, and (iii) cooperate with the other party in connection with any such filing and in connection with resolving any investigation or other inquiry of any such agency or other Governmental Entity under any Antitrust Laws (defined below) with respect to any such filing or any such transaction. Each party shall promptly inform the other party of any communication with, and any proposed understanding, undertaking, or agreement with, any Governmental Entity regarding any such filings or any such transaction. Neither party shall participate in any meeting with any Governmental Entity in respect of any such filings, investigation, or other inquiry without giving the other party notice of the meeting and, to the extent permitted by such Governmental Entity, the opportunity to attend and participate. (b) Each of Parent and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to resolve such objections, if any, as may be asserted by any Governmental Entity with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under the HSR Act, the Sherman Act, as amended, the Clayton Act, as amended, the Federal Trade Commission Act, as amended, and any other federal, state or foreign statutes, rules, regulations, orders or decrees that are designed to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade (collectively, "Antitrust Laws"). In connection therewith, if any administrative or judicial action or proceeding is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging any transaction contemplated by this Agreement as violative of any Antitrust Law, and, if by mutual agreement, Parent and the Company decide that litigation is in their best interests, each of Parent and the Company shall cooperate and use all reasonable efforts vigorously to contest and resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated, lifted, reversed, or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order, whether temporary, preliminary, or permanent (each an "Order"), that is in effect and that prohibits, prevents, or restricts consummation of any such transaction. Each of Parent and the Company shall use all reasonable efforts to take such action as may be required to cause the expiration of the notice periods under the HSR Act or other Antitrust Laws with respect to such transactions as promptly as possible after the execution of this Agreement. (c) Subject to the fiduciary duties of the Board of Directors of the Company as advised in writing by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel to the Company, each of the parties agrees to use all reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the Offer, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including (i) the obtaining of all other necessary actions or nonactions, waivers, consents and approvals from Governmental Entities and the making of all other necessary registrations and filings (including other filings with Governmental Entities, if any), (ii) the obtaining of all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from third parties, (iii) the preparation of the Company Disclosure Documents and the Offer Documents, and (iv) the execution and delivery of any additional instruments necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement. -22- (d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 7.1(a), (b) or (c), (i) neither Parent nor any of its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of their respective businesses, product lines or assets, (ii) neither Parent nor any of its subsidiaries shall be required to take or agree to take any other action or agree to any limitation that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, assets, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of Parent and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or of Parent combined with the Surviving Corporation after the Effective Time, (iii) neither the Company nor its subsidiaries shall be required to divest any of their respective businesses, product lines or assets, or to take or agree to take any other action or agree to any limitation that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, and (iv) no party shall be required to agree to the imposition of or to comply with, any condition, obligation or restriction on Parent or any of its subsidiaries or on the Surviving Corporation or any of its subsidiaries of the type referred to in clause (a) or (b) of Annex I and (v) neither Parent nor Merger Subsidiary shall be required to waive any of the conditions to the Offer set forth in Annex I or any of the conditions to the Merger set forth in Section VIII. (e) Each party shall give prompt notice to the other parties upon learning of (i) any representation or warranty made by it contained in this Agreement becoming untrue or inaccurate in any respect or (ii) the failure by it to comply with or satisfy in any respect any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it under this Agreement; provided, however, that no such notification shall affect the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements of the parties or the conditions to the obligations of the parties under this Agreement. (f) The Company shall give prompt notice to Parent, and Parent or Merger Subsidiary shall give prompt notice to the Company, of (i) any notice or other communication from any person alleging that the consent of such person is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (ii) any notice or other communication from any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (iii) any actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings commenced or, to the best of its knowledge threatened against, relating to or involving or otherwise affecting it or any of its subsidiaries (x) which, in the case of the Company, if pending on the date of this Agreement would have been required to have been disclosed pursuant to Section 4.1(g), 4.1(h), 4.1(i), 4.1(k), 4.1(l) or 4.1(s) or (y) in the case of any party, which relate to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. SECTION 7.2. Public Announcements. Parent and Merger Subsidiary, on the one hand, and the Company, on the other hand, will consult with each other before issuing, and provide each other the opportunity to review and comment upon, any press release or other public statements with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Offer and the Merger, and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public statement prior to such consultation, except as may be required by applicable law, court process or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any national securities exchange. The parties agree that the initial press release to be issued with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will be in the form previously agreed to by the parties. SECTION 7.3. Confidentiality. Parent and its subsidiaries will hold, and will cause their Representatives (defined in the Confidentiality Agreement, dated October 1, 1996 (the "Confidentiality Agreement"), between Parent and the Company) to hold, any Evaluation Material -23- (defined in the Confidentiality Agreement) (including any stockholder information provided pursuant to this Agreement) in confidence in accordance with the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement. ARTICLE VIII CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER SECTION 8.1. Conditions to the Obligations of Each Party. The obligations of the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary to consummate the Merger are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) if required by Delaware Law, this Agreement shall have been adopted by the stockholders of the Company in accordance with such Law; (ii) any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act relating to the Merger shall have expired; (iii) no provision of any applicable law or regulation and no judgment, injunction, order or decree shall prohibit the consummation of the Merger; (iv) Parent or Merger Subsidiary shall have purchased Shares in an amount equal to at least the Minimum Condition pursuant to the Offer; and (v) other than the filing of the certificate of merger in accordance with Delaware Law, all Consents required to permit the consummation of the Merger including those set forth in Sections 4.1(d) and 4.2(b) shall have been filed, occurred or been obtained (other than any such Consents the failure to file, occur or obtain in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to (i) have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Merger). ARTICLE IX TERMINATION SECTION 9.1. Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time (notwithstanding any approval of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company): (a) by mutual written consent of the Company and Parent; (b) by either the Company or Parent, if the Merger has not been consummated by April 7, 1997 (provided that the party seeking to terminate this Agreement shall not have breached its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect); (c) by either the Company or Parent, if there shall be any law or regulation that makes consummation of the Merger illegal or otherwise prohibited or if any judgment, injunction, order or decree enjoining Parent or the Company from consummating the Merger is entered and such judgment, injunction, order or decree shall become final and nonappealable; (d) by either the Company or Parent, (x) if Parent shall have failed to commence the Offer within five business days following the date of this Agreement (provided that Parent shall not be entitled to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this sub-clause (x) as a -24- result of its breach of this Agreement), (y) if Parent or Merger Subsidiary shall not have purchased any Shares pursuant to the Offer prior to February 21, 1997 or (z) if the Offer shall have been terminated without Parent or Merger Subsidiary having purchased any Shares pursuant to the Offer; (e) by Parent, upon the occurrence of any Trigger Event described in clauses (i) through (iii) of Section 10.4(b); or (f) by the Company, upon the occurrence of any Trigger Event described in clause (i) of Section 10.4(b). SECTION 9.2. Effect of Termination. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 9.1, this Agreement shall become void and of no effect with no liability on the part of any party hereto or their respective officers and directors, except that the agreements contained in Sections 7.3, 10.4 and 10.6 shall survive the termination hereof. ARTICLE X GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTION 10.1. Nonsurvival of Representations and Warranties. None of the representations and warranties in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time. This Section 10.1 shall not limit any covenant or agreement of the parties which by its terms contemplates performance after the Effective Time. SECTION 10.2. Notices. All notices, requests and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if delivered personally or sent by overnight courier (providing proof of delivery) or by telecopy (with copies by overnight courier) to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice): (a) if to Parent or Merger Subsidiary, to Computer Associates International, Inc. One Computer Associates Plaza Islandia, New York 11788-7000 Attention: Sanjay Kumar President and Chief Operating Officer Fax: (516) 342-3300 with a copy to: Howard, Darby & Levin 1330 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10019 Attention: Scott F. Smith Fax: 212-841-1010 -25- (b) if to the Company, to Cheyenne Software, Inc. 3 Expressway Plaza Roslyn Heights, New York 11577 Attention: ReiJane Huai Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Fax: (516) 465-5977 with a copy to: Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz 51 West 52nd Street New York, New York 10019 Attention: Barry A. Bryer Fax: 212-403-2000 SECTION 10.3. Amendments; No Waivers. (a) Any provision of this Agreement may be amended or waived prior to the Effective Time if, and only if, such amendment or waiver is in writing and signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company, Parent and Merger Subsidiary or in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom the waiver is to be effective; provided that after the adoption of this Agreement by the stockholders of the Company, no such amendment or waiver shall, without the further approval of such stockholders, alter or change (i) the amount or kind of consideration to be received in exchange for any shares of capital stock of the Company, (ii) any term of the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation or (iii) any of the terms or conditions of this Agreement if such alteration or change would adversely affect the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Company. (b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by law. SECTION 10.4. Fees and Expenses. (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Section, all costs and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement shall be paid by the party incurring such cost or expense. (b) The Company agrees to pay Parent a fee in immediately available funds, promptly, but in no event later than two business days, after the termination of this Agreement as a result of the occurrence of any of the events set forth below (a "Trigger Event") in an amount equal to (x) $37,500,000, in the case of the occurrence of a Trigger Event described in clause (i) or (iii) below and (y) $20,000,000, in the case of the occurrence of a Trigger Event described in clause (ii) below: (i) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or an agreement in principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal; -26- (ii) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any respect any of its obligations, covenants or agreements under this Agreement or any representation or warranty of the Company set forth in this Agreement (other than any breaches or failures to perform or comply that, in the aggregate, do not have a Material Adverse Effect); or (iii) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special committee thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Merger or this Agreement. (c) If this Agreement is terminated as a result of the occurrence of a Trigger Event, in addition to any amounts paid or payable by the Company to Parent pursuant to Section 10.4(b), the Company shall assume and pay, or reimburse Parent for, all fees payable and expenses incurred by Parent (including the fees and expenses of its counsel) in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, up to a maximum of $5,000,000. SECTION 10.5. Successors and Assigns. The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, provided that no party may assign, delegate or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the other parties hereto except that Merger Subsidiary may transfer or assign, in whole or from time to time in part, to one or more of Parent or any of its wholly owned subsidiaries, the right to purchase Shares pursuant to the Offer, but any such transfer or assignment will not relieve Merger Subsidiary of its obligations under the Offer or prejudice the rights of tendering stockholders to receive payment for Shares validly tendered and accepted for payment pursuant to the Offer. SECTION 10.6. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the law of the State of New York, except that the consummation and effectiveness of the Merger shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, Delaware Law. SECTION 10.7. Counterparts; Effectiveness; Interpretation. This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument. This Agreement shall become effective when each party hereto shall have received counterparts hereof signed by all of the other parties hereto. When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, such reference shall be to a Section of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words "include", "includes" or "including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words "without limitation". -27- The parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be signed by their respective authorized officers as of the date first written above. COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC. By:/s/ Sanjay Kumar ________________________ Name: Sanjay Kumar Title: President and Chief Operating Officer TSE-TSEHESE-STAESTSE, INC. By:/s/ Sanjay Kumar ________________________ Name: Sanjay Kumar Title: President CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. By:/s/ ReiJane Huai ________________________ Name: ReiJane Huai Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer -28- ANNEX I Notwithstanding any other provision of the Offer, Parent and Merger Subsidiary shall not be required to accept for payment or pay for any Shares, and may terminate the Offer, if (i) by the expiration of the Offer, the Minimum Condition shall not have been satisfied, (ii) by the expiration of the Offer, the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act shall not have expired or been terminated, or (iii) at any time on or after October 7, 1996 and prior to the acceptance for payment of Shares pursuant to the Offer, any of the following conditions exist: (a) there shall be instituted or pending any action or proceeding by any Governmental Entity or by any other person, domestic or foreign, before any Governmental Entity or arbitrator, (i) challenging or seeking to make illegal, to delay materially or otherwise directly or indirectly to restrain or prohibit the making of the Offer, the acceptance for payment of or payment for some of or all the Shares by Parent or Merger Subsidiary or the consummation by Parent or Merger Subsidiary of the Merger, seeking to obtain material damages or otherwise directly or indirectly relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, (ii) seeking to restrain or prohibit Parent's or Merger Subsidiary's ownership or operation (or that of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) of all or any material portion of the business or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or to compel Parent or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates to dispose of or hold separate all or any material portion of the business or assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or of Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iii) seeking to impose material limitations on the ability of Parent or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates effectively to exercise full rights of ownership of the Shares, including, without limitation, the right to vote any Shares acquired or owned by Parent or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates on all matters properly presented to the Company's stockholders, (iv) seeking to require divestiture by Parent or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates of any Shares, or (v) that otherwise, in the judgment of Parent, is likely to materially adversely affect the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or Parent and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided that, in the case of any instituted or pending action or proceeding described in this subsection (a) above by a person other than a Governmental Entity, there is a substantial probability of a determination material and adverse to Parent or any of its subsidiaries or the Company or any of its subsidiaries in such action or proceeding; or (b) there shall be any action taken, or any statute, rule, regulation, injunction, order or decree proposed, enacted, enforced, promulgated, issued or deemed applicable to this Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, by any Governmental Entity or arbitrator other than the application of the waiting period provisions of the HSR Act to this Agreement, the Offer or the Merger, that, in the judgment of Parent, is likely, directly or indirectly, to result in any of the consequences referred to in clauses (i) through (v) of paragraph (a) above; or (c) any change shall have occurred or been threatened (or any development shall have occurred or been threatened involving a prospective change) in the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that, in the reasonable judgment of Parent, is or is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect; or (d) there shall have occurred (i) any general suspension of trading in, or limitation on prices for, securities on the New York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange, (ii) a declaration of a banking moratorium or any suspension of payments in respect of banks in the United States, (iii) any material limitation (whether or not mandatory) by any Governmental Entity on the extension of credit by banks or other lending institutions, (iv) a commencement of a war or armed hostilities or other national or international calamity directly or indirectly involving the United States which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or prevent (or materially delay) the consummation of the Offer or (v) in the case of any of the foregoing existing at the time of commencement of the Offer, a material acceleration or worsening thereof; or (e) any Consent (other than the filing of a certificate of merger or approval by the stockholders of the Company of the Merger (if required by Delaware Law)) required to be filed, occurred or been obtained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or Parent of any of its subsidiaries (including Merger Subsidiary) in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Offer and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall not have been filed, occurred or been obtained (other than any such Consents the failure to file, occur or obtain in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to (i) have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) prevent or materially delay the consummation of the Offer or the Merger); or (f) the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements under this Agreement, or any of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement that is qualified as to materiality shall not be true when made or at any time prior to consummation of the Offer as if made at and as of such time, or any of the representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement that is not so qualified shall not be true in any material respect when made or at any time prior to the consummation of the Offer as if made at and as of such time; or (g) this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with its terms; or (h) the Board of Directors of the Company (or any special committee thereof) shall have withdrawn or materially modified its approval or recommendation of the Offer, the Merger or this Agreement; or (i) the Company shall have entered into, or shall have publicly announced its intention to enter into, an agreement or agreement in principle with respect to any Acquisition Proposal; which, in the sole judgment of Parent in any such case, and regardless of the circumstances (including any action or omission by Parent or Merger Subsidiary) giving rise to any such condition, makes it inadvisable to proceed with such acceptance for payment or payment. The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of Parent and Merger Subsidiary and may be asserted by Parent in its sole discretion regardless of the circumstances (including any action or omission by Parent or Merger Subsidiary) giving rise to any such condition or (other than the Minimum Condition) may be waived by Parent and Merger Subsidiary in their sole discretion in whole at any time or in part from time to time. The failure by Parent or Merger Subsidiary at any time to exercise its rights under any of the foregoing conditions shall not be deemed a waiver of any such right; the waiver -2- of any such right with respect to particular facts and circumstances shall not be deemed a waiver with respect to any other facts and circumstances, and each such right shall be deemed an ongoing right which may be asserted at any time or from time to time. Any determination by Parent concerning the events described in this Section will be final and binding upon all parties. -3-
EX-99 3 EXHIBIT 2 EXHIBIT 2 AMENDMENT TO RIGHTS AGREEMENT AMENDMENT, dated as of October 7, 1996, to the Rights Agreement between Cheyenne Software, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the "Rights Agent"), dated as of April 15, 1996 (the "Rights Agreement"). WHEREAS, the Company and the Rights Agent have heretofore executed and entered into the Rights Agreement; WHEREAS, Computer Associates International, Inc. ("CA"), a wholly owned subsidiary of CA ("Sub"), and the Company have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") pursuant to which Sub will make an offer to purchase all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company and, following consummation of the Offer, Sub will merge with and into the Company (the "Merger"); and the Board of Directors of the Company has approved the Merger Agreement, the Offer and the Merger; WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 27 of the Rights Agreement, the Company has determined that an amendment to the Rights Agreement as set forth herein is necessary and desirable to reflect the foregoing and the Company and the Rights Agent desire to evidence such amendment in writing; and WHEREAS, all acts and things necessary to make this Amendment a valid agreement, enforceable according to its terms have been done and performed, and the execution and delivery of this Amendment by the Company and the Rights Agent have been in all respects duly authorized by the Company and the Rights Agent. ACCORDINGLY, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual agreements set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. Section 1(a) of the Rights Agreement is hereby amended by inserting the following sentence at the end of the definition of "Acquiring Person": "Furthermore, notwithstanding anything in this Rights Agreement to the contrary, neither Computer Associates International, Inc. ("CA"), nor any of its wholly-owned, direct or indirect subsidiaries or any associate or affiliate thereof, shall be deemed to be an Acquiring Person solely as a result of (i) the announcement or making of the Offer (as defined in the Merger Agreement), (ii) the acquisition of Common Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger (as defined in the Merger Agreement), (iii) the execution of the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 7, 1996 among CA, Sub (as defined in the Merger Agreement) and the Company, as amended from time to time (the "Merger Agreement") or (iv) the consummation of the other transactions contemplated in the Merger Agreement." 2. Section 1(g) of the Rights Agreement is amended to add the following sentence at the end thereof: "Notwithstanding anything in this Rights Agreement to the contrary, a Distribution Date shall not be deemed to have occurred solely as the result of (i) the announcement or making of the Offer, (ii) the acquisition of Common Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger, (iii) the execution of the Merger Agreement or (iv) the other transactions contemplated in the Merger Agreement." 3. Section 13 of the Rights Agreement is amended to add the following sentence at the end thereof: "Notwithstanding anything in this Rights Agreement to the contrary, (i) the announcement or making of the Offer, (ii) the acquisition of Common Shares pursuant to the Offer and the Merger, (iii) the execution of the Merger Agreement or (iv) the consummation of the other transactions contemplated in the Merger Agreement shall not cause the Rights to be adjusted or exercisable in accordance with Section 13." 4. Section 7(a) of the Rights Agreement is hereby modified and amended to change the reference to "April 15, 2006" to "April 15, 2006, or, if earlier, immediately prior to the consummation of the Merger, it being agreed that April 15, 2006 or, if applicable, such earlier date, shall for all purposes of the Rights Agreement be deemed to be the "Final Expiration Date". 5. This Amendment to the Rights Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware and for all purposes shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of such State applicable to contracts to be made and performed entirely within such State. 6. This Amendment to the Rights Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Terms not defined herein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Rights Agreement. 7. In all respects not inconsistent with the terms and provisions of this Amendment to the Rights Agreement, the Rights Agreement is hereby ratified, adopted, approved and confirmed. In executing and delivering this Amendment, the Rights Agent shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities afforded to the Rights Agent under the terms and conditions of the Rights Agreement. 8. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Amendment to the Rights Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or other authority to be invalid, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Amendment to the Rights Agreement, and of the Rights Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated. 2 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and attested, all as of the date and year first above written. Attest: CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. By: /s/ Michael Adler By: /s/ ReiJane Huai ____________________________ ________________________________________ Name: Michael Adler Name: ReiJane Huai Title: Assistant Secretary Title: Chairman, President and CEO Attest: CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY By: /s/ Thomas Jennings By: /s/ William F. Seegraber ____________________________ ________________________________________ Name: Thomas Jennings Name: William F. Seegraber Title: Assistant Secretary Title: Vice President 3 EX-99 4 EXHIBIT 4 EXHIBIT 4 [JOINT LETTERHEAD OF COMPUTER ASSOCIATES AND CHEYENNE] Contact: Doug Robinson, CA Investor Relations, (516) 342-2745 Bob Gordon, CA Public Relations, (516) 342-2391 Elliott Levine, Cheyenne Software, (516) 465-4411 Jeff Finkle, Cheyenne Software, (516) 465-5580 COMPUTER ASSOCIATES TO ACQUIRE CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. STORAGE MANAGEMENT, ANTI-VIRUS, AND COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE TO STRENGTHEN CA'S MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS DEAL VALUED AT APPROXIMATELY $1.2 BILLION ISLANDIA, NY, October 7, 1996 - Computer Associates International, Inc. (NYSE: CA) and Cheyenne Software, Inc. (AMEX: CYE) have entered into a merger agreement for CA to acquire Cheyenne Software through a cash tender offer. A wholly-owned subsidiary of CA will offer to purchase all outstanding shares of Cheyenne's common stock for $30.50 per share. The merger has been unanimously approved by the Boards of Directors of both Cheyenne and CA. CA will fund the acquisition through cash balances and existing credit facilities. "We are extremely excited by the synergistic nature of this acquisition," said CA Chairman and CEO Charles B. Wang. "Cheyenne is the recognized leader in storage management solutions for the Windows NT and NetWare environments. The addition of its product suite will strengthen our efforts in the desktop and LAN environments. Cheyenne's products, along with CA's Unicenter family of enterprise management products, will offer an unbeatable combination for solving the complex management problems that clients are facing today." "In addition to a strong product offering, Cheyenne's employees are an integral part of the value in this acquisition. In recognition of their skills and talents, CA intends to retain all of Cheyenne's employees. It is expected that Cheyenne will operate as a division of CA, and that it will continue to aggressively support its current distribution channel strategy." "This is a tremendous opportunity for our clients, business partners, employees, and shareholders," said Cheyenne Chairman and CEO ReiJane Huai. "CA's unparalleled development and support capabilities and financial resources will now be available to our clients, along with Cheyenne's award-winning solutions in storage management, anti-virus, and communications software. Equally exciting is the fact that all of us at Cheyenne will have the opportunity to participate in the next chapter of Cheyenne's growth." In the tender offer, CA seeks to purchase at least a majority of Cheyenne's outstanding shares. Consummation of the tender offer will be subject to the expiration or termination of any applicable antitrust waiting period and the receipt of all regulatory approvals. Following completion of the tender offer, the subsidiary of CA will be merged into Cheyenne, and all of Cheyenne's shares not owned by CA will be converted into the right to receive $30.50 per share in cash. Computer Associates International, Inc. (NYSE: CA), with headquarters in Islandia, NY, is the world leader in mission-critical software. The company develops, licenses, and supports more than 500 integrated products that include enterprise computing and information management, application development, manufacturing and financial applications. CA has 9000 people in 130 offices in 40 countries and had revenue of more than $3.5 billion in fiscal year 1996. CA can be reached by visiting http://www.cai.com on the World Wide Web, emailing info@cai.com, or calling 1-516-342-5224. Cheyenne Software, Inc. is an international developer of essential software solutions for NetWare, Windows NT, UNIX, Macintosh, OS/2, Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 operating systems. Its enterprise-wide offerings include an array of storage management, security, and communications products, including Cheyenne(R) HSM, JETserve(TM), InocuLAN(TM), FAXserve(TM), and its flagship product line, the ARCserve(R) family of network backup software. Cheyenne can be contacted at (800) 243-9462 (U.S. or Canada) or (516) 465-4000, or by visiting its WWW home page at: http://www.cheyenne.com. # # # All referenced product names are trademarks of their respective companies. -2- EX-99 5 EXHIBIT 5 EXHIBIT 5 CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. 3 Expressway Plaza Roslyn Heights, New York 11577 October 1, 1996 Computer Associates International, Inc. One Computer Associates Plaza Islandia, New York 11788-7000 Attention: Sanjay Kumar Gentlemen: In connection with your consideration of a possible business combination transaction (a "Transaction") with Cheyenne Software, Inc. (the "Company"), the Company and you expect to make available to one another from time to time certain nonpublic information concerning each other's respective business, financial condition, operations, assets and liabilities. As a condition to such information being furnished to each party and such party's directors, officers, employees, agents or advisors (including, without limitation, attorneys, accountants, consultants, bankers and financial advisors) (collectively, "Representatives"), each party agrees to treat any nonpublic information concerning the other party (whether prepared by the disclosing party, its Representatives or otherwise and irrespective of the form of communication) which is furnished hereunder to a party or to its Representatives now or in the future by or on behalf of the disclosing party (collectively referred to in this Agreement as the "Evaluation Material") in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and to take or abstain from taking certain other actions hereinafter set forth. The parties acknowledge and agree that any existing confidentiality agreements between them related to technological issues shall not be affected by this Agreement and shall remain in full force and effect, but in the case of a conflict between this Agreement and any such agreement with respect to information provided under this Agreement, this Agreement shall govern, but only to the extent that it is more restrictive than such other agreement. (1) Evaluation Material. The term "Evaluation Material" also shall be deemed to include all notes, analyses, compilations, studies, interpretations or other documents prepared by each party or its Representatives which contain, reflect or are based upon, in whole or in part, the Evaluation Material furnished to such party or its Representatives pursuant to this Agreement. The term "Evaluation Material" does not include information which (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a breach of this Agreement by the receiving party or its Representatives, (ii) was within the receiving party's possession prior to its being furnished to the receiving party by or on behalf of the disclosing party; provided that the source of such information was not known by the receiving party to be bound by a confidentiality agreement with, or other contractual, legal or fiduciary obligation of confidentiality to, the disclosing party or any other party, (iii) is or becomes available to the receiving party on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the disclosing party or any of its Representatives; provided that such source was not known by the receiving party to be bound by a confidentiality agreement with, or other contractual, legal or fiduciary obligation of confidentiality to, the disclosing party or any other party with respect to such information, (iv) is disclosed by the disclosing party to a third party without a duty of confidentiality with respect to such information, or (v) is independently developed by the receiving party without use of Evaluation Material. (2) Use of Evaluation Material. Each party agrees that it and its Representatives shall use the other party's Evaluation Material solely for the purpose of evaluating a possible Transaction between the parties, and that the disclosing party's Evaluation Material will be kept confidential and each party and its Representatives will not disclose or use for purposes other than the evaluation of a possible Transaction any of the other party's Evaluation Material in any manner whatsoever; provided that any of such information may be disclosed to the receiving party's Representatives who need to know such information for the sole purpose of evaluating a possible Transaction between the parties (it being understood that such Representatives shall be informed by the receiving party of the confidential nature of such information and that by receiving such information they are agreeing to be bound by this Agreement). Each party agrees to be responsible for any breach of this Agreement by any of its Representatives. (3) Non-Disclosure of Discussions. In addition, each party agrees that, without the prior written consent of the other party, it and its Representatives will not disclose to any other person the fact that any Evaluation Material has been made available hereunder, that discussions or negotiations are taking place concerning a possible Transaction involving the parties or any of the terms, conditions or other facts with respect thereto (including the status thereof); provided that a party may make such disclosure if in the opinion of such party's outside counsel, such disclosure is necessary to avoid committing a violation of law or of any rule or regulation of any securities association, stock exchange or national securities quotation system on which such party's securities are listed or trade. In such event, the disclosing party shall use its best efforts to give advance notice to the other party. (4) Required Disclosure. In the event that a party or its Representatives are requested or required (by oral questions, interrogatories, requests for information or documents in legal proceedings, subpoena, civil investigative demand or other similar process) to disclose any of the other party's Evaluation Material or any of the facts disclosure of which is prohibited under paragraph (3) of this Agreement, the party requested or required to make the disclosure shall provide the other party with prompt notice of any such request or requirement so that the other party may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy and/or waive compliance with the provisions of this Agreement. If, in the absence of a protective order or other remedy or the receipt of a waiver by such other party, the party requested or required to make the disclosure or any of its Representative should nonetheless, in the opinion of such party's or (in the case of disclosure requested or required of a Representative) such Representative's outside counsel, disclose the other party's Evaluation Material, the party requested or required to make the disclosure or its Representative may, without liability hereunder, disclose only that portion of the other party's Evaluation Material which such counsel advises is legally required to be disclosed; provided that the party requested or required to make the disclosure exercises its reasonable efforts to preserve the confidentiality of the other party's Evaluation Material, including, without limitation, by cooperating with the other party to obtain an appropriate protective order or other reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded the other party's Evaluation Material. (5) Termination of Discussions. If either party decides that it does not wish to proceed with negotiating a Transaction with the other party, the party so deciding will promptly -2- inform the other party of that decision. In that case, or at any time upon the request of either disclosing party for any reason, each receiving party will promptly deliver to the disclosing party or, at the option of the receiving party, destroy all written (and electronic) Evaluation Material (and all copies thereof and extracts therefrom) furnished to the receiving party or its Representatives by or on behalf of the disclosing party pursuant hereto. In the event of such a decision or request, all other Evaluation Material prepared by the requesting party shall be destroyed and no copy thereof shall be retained, and in no event shall either party be obligated to disclose or provide the Evaluation Material prepared by it or its Representatives to the other party. Notwithstanding the return or destruction of the Evaluation Material, each party and its Representatives will continue to be bound by their obligations of confidentiality and other obligations hereunder. (6) No Representation of Accuracy. Each party understands and acknowledges that neither party nor any of its Representatives makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the Evaluation Material made available by it or to it. Each party agrees that neither party nor any of its Representatives shall have any liability to the other party or to any of its Representatives relating to or resulting from the use of or reliance upon such other party's Evaluation Material or any errors therein or omissions therefrom. Only those representations or warranties which are made in a final definitive agreement regarding the Transaction, when, as and if executed, and subject to such limitations and restrictions as may be specified therein, will have any legal effect. (7) Definitive Agreements. Each party understands and agrees that no contract or agreement providing for any Transaction involving the parties shall be deemed to exist between the parties unless and until a final definitive agreement has been executed and delivered. Each party also agrees that unless and until a final definitive agreement regarding a Transaction between the parties has been executed and delivered, neither party will be under any legal obligation of any kind whatsoever with respect to such a Transaction by virtue of this Agreement except for the matters specifically agreed to herein. For purposes of this paragraph, the term "definitive agreement" does not include an executed letter of intent or any other preliminary written agreement. Both parties further acknowledge and agree that each party reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to provide or not provide Evaluation Material to the receiving party under this Agreement, to reject any and all proposals made by the other party or any of its Representatives with regard to a Transaction between the parties, and to terminate discussions and negotiations at any time. (8) Injunctive Relief. It is further understood and agreed that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of this Agreement by either party or any of its Representatives and that the non-breaching party shall be entitled to equitable relief, including injunction and specific performance, as a remedy for any such breach. Such remedies shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedies for a breach of this Agreement but shall be in addition to all other remedies available at law or equity. (9) Waiver; Invalidity. It is understood and agreed that no failure or delay by either party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or future exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder. In case any provision of this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. -3- Please confirm your agreement with the foregoing by signing and returning one copy of this letter to the undersigned, whereupon it shall become our binding agreement to be governed by New York law. Very truly yours, CHEYENNE SOFTWARE, INC. By: /s/ ReiJane Huai ----------------------- Name: ReiJane Huai Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Accepted and Agreed as of the date first written above: COMPUTER ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC. By: /s/ Sanjay Kumar ---------------------------- Name: Sanjay Kumar Title: President and Chief Operating Officer -4- EX-99 6 EXHIBIT 6 EXHIBIT 6 Article Nine of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Cheyenne Software, Inc. (the "Corporation") states that: No director of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for any monetary damages resulting from a breach of his fiduciary duty as a director provided that no director shall be relieved from any personal liability for (i) any breach of his duty of loyalty to the Corporation or its stockholders; (ii) acts or omissions not taken in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (iii) any violation under Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; or (iv) any transaction from which he derived an improper personal benefit. This Article shall not eliminate or limit the liability of a director for any act or omission occurring prior to the time this Article became effective. EX-99 7 EXHIBIT 7 EXHIBIT 7 Section Seven of the Restated By-Laws of Cheyenne Software, Inc. states that: (A) Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a "proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he or she or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative is or was a director or officer of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans maintained or sponsored by the corporation, whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however, that except as provided in Section 7(C) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws, the corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the board of directors. The right to indemnification conferred in this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws shall be a contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition, such advances to be paid by the corporation within 20 days after the receipt by the corporation of a statement or statements from the claimant requesting such advance or advances from time to time; provided, however, that if the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware requires, the payment of such expenses incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding, shall be made only upon delivery to the corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws or otherwise. (B) To obtain indemnification under this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws, a claimant shall submit to the corporation a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to the claimant and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent the claimant is entitled to indemnification. Upon written request by a claimant for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of this Section 7(B) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws, a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to the claimant's entitlement thereto shall be made as follows: (1) if requested by the claimant, by Independent Counsel (as hereinafter defined), or (2) if no request is made by the claimant for a determination by Independent Counsel, (i) by the board of directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Disinterested Directors (as hereinafter defined), or (ii) if a quorum of the board of directors consisting of Disinterested Directors is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, such quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the claimant, or (iii) if a quorum of Disinterested Directors so directs, by the stockholders of the corporation. In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel at the request of the claimant, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the board of directors unless there shall have occurred within two years prior to the date of the commencement of the action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification is claimed a Change of Control (as hereinafter defined), in which case the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the claimant unless the claimant shall request that such selection be made by the board of directors. If it is so determined that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, payment to the claimant shall be made within 10 days after such determination. (C) If a claim under Section 7(A) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws is not paid in full by the corporation within thirty days after a written claim pursuant to Section 7(B) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws has been received by the corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit against the corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any is required, has been tendered to the corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware for the corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the corporation. Neither the failure of the corporation (including its board of directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, nor an actual determination by the corporation (including its board of directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct. (D) If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 7(B) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, the corporation shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to Section 7(C) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws. (E) The corporation shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to Section 7(C) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws that the procedures and presumptions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in such proceeding that the corporation is bound by all the provisions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws. (F) The right to indemnification and the payment of expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred in this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the certificate of incorporation, by-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or Disinterested Directors or otherwise. No repeal or modification of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws shall in any way diminish or adversely affect the rights of any director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation hereunder in respect of any occurrence or matter arising prior to any such repeal or modification. (G) The corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. To the extent that the corporation maintains any policy or policies providing such insurance, each such director or officer, and each such agent or employee to which rights to indemnification have been granted as provided in Section 7(H) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws, shall be covered by such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage thereunder for any such director, officer, employee or agent. (H) The corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the board of directors, grant rights to indemnification, and rights to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any employee or agent of the corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the corporation. (I) If any provision or provisions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws (including, without limitation, each portion of any subsection of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws (including, without limitation, each such portion of any subsection of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. (J) For purposes of this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws: (1) "Change of Control" means: (a) The acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act (a "Person") of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 20% or more of either (i) the then outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation (the "Outstanding Corporation Common Stock") or (ii) the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the "Outstanding Corporation Voting Securities"); provided, however, that for purposes of this Section 7(J)(1)(a) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws, the following acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition directly from the corporation, (ii) any acquisition by the corporation, (iii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the corporation or any other corporation controlled by the corporation or (iv) any acquisition by any other corporation pursuant to a transaction which complies with clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of Section 7(J)(1)(c) of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws; or (b) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the board of directors (the "Incumbent Board") cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the board of directors; provided, however, that any individual becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the corporation's stockholders, was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a Person other than the board of directors; or (c) Consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the corporation (a "Business Combination"), in each case, unless, following such Business Combination, (i) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities who were the beneficial owners, respectively, of the Outstanding Corporation Common Stock and Outstanding Corporation Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of, respectively, the then outstanding shares of common stock and the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, as the case may be, of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, another corporation which as a result of such transaction owns the corporation or all or substantially all of the corporation's assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership, immediately prior to such Business Combination of the Outstanding Corporation Common Stock and Outstanding Corporation Voting Securities, as the case may be, (ii) no Person (excluding any corporation resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the corporation or such corporation resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of such corporation except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination and (iii) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the corporation resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement, or of the action of the board of directors, providing for such Business Combination; or (d) Approval by the stockholders of the corporation of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the corporation. (2) "Disinterested Director" means a director of the corporation who is not and was not a party to the matter in respect of which indemnification is sought by the claimant. (3) "Independent Counsel" means a law firm, a member of a law firm, or an independent practitioner, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and shall include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would not have a conflict of interest in representing either the corporation or the claimant in an action to determine the claimant's rights under this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws. (K) Any notice, request or other communication required or permitted to be given to the corporation under this Section 7 of this ARTICLE VII of these by-laws shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by telex, telegram or facsimile transmission, or overnight mail or courier service, or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the secretary of the corporation and shall be effective only upon receipt by the secretary.
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