10-K 1 wash10k20131231.htm 10-K WASH 10K 2013 12 31

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC  20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x
Annual report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended DECEMBER 31, 2013 or
o
Transition report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from ____________ to ____________
Commission file number:  001-32991
WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
RHODE ISLAND
05-0404671
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
23 BROAD STREET, WESTERLY, RHODE ISLAND
02891
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:     401-348-1200
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
COMMON STOCK, $.0625 PAR VALUE PER SHARE
THE NASDAQ STOCK MARKET LLC
(Title of each class)
(Name of each exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. oYes  xNo
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  oYes  xNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  xYes  oNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). xYes  oNo
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  o
Accelerated filer  x
Non-accelerated filer  o
Smaller reporting company  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). oYes  xNo
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant at June 30, 2013 was $401,717,281 based on a closing sales price of $28.52 per share as reported for the NASDAQ Global Select Market, which includes $13,782,995 held by The Washington Trust Company under trust agreements and other instruments.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock, $.0625 par value per share, outstanding as of February 28, 2014 was 16,625,861.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement dated March 13, 2014 for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 22, 2014 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.


FORM 10-K
WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC.
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Description
 
 
Page
Number
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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PART I

ITEM 1.  Business

Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc.
Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. (the “Bancorp”), a publicly-owned registered bank holding company and financial holding company, was organized in 1984 under the laws of the state of Rhode Island.  The Bancorp owns all of the outstanding common stock of The Washington Trust Company (the “Bank”), a Rhode Island chartered commercial bank.  The Bancorp was formed in 1984 under a plan of reorganization in which outstanding common shares of the Bank were exchanged for common shares of the Bancorp.  See additional information under the caption “Subsidiaries.”

Through its subsidiaries, the Bancorp offers a broad range of financial services, including commercial, residential and consumer lending, retail and commercial deposit products, and wealth management, through its offices in Rhode Island, eastern Massachusetts and Connecticut; automated teller machines (“ATMs”); and its Internet website (www.washtrust.com).  The Bancorp’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select® Market under the symbol “WASH.”

The accounting and reporting policies of the Bancorp and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Corporation” or “Washington Trust”) conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and to general practices of the banking industry.  At December 31, 2013, Washington Trust had total assets of $3.2 billion, total deposits of $2.5 billion and total shareholders’ equity of $329.6 million.

Business Segments
Washington Trust manages its operations through two business segments, Commercial Banking and Wealth Management Services.  Activity not related to the segments, such as the investment securities portfolio, wholesale funding activities and administrative units are considered Corporate.  See Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure related to business segments.

Commercial Banking
Lending Activities
The Corporation’s lending activities are conducted primarily in southern New England and, to a lesser extent, other states.  Washington Trust offers a variety of commercial and retail lending products.

Commercial Loans
Commercial lending represents a significant portion of the Bank’s loan portfolio.  Commercial loans fall into two major categories, commercial real estate and other commercial loans (commercial and industrial).

Commercial real estate loans consist of commercial mortgages and construction and development loans made for the purpose of acquiring, developing, constructing, improving or refinancing commercial real estate where the property is the primary collateral securing the loan, and the income generated from the property is the primary repayment source.  Properties such as retail facilities, office buildings, commercial mixed use, lodging, multi-family dwellings and industrial and warehouse properties normally collateralize commercial real estate loans.  These properties are primarily located in Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Connecticut.

Commercial and industrial loans primarily provide working capital, equipment financing, financing for leasehold improvements and financing for expansion. Commercial and industrial loans are frequently collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, and/or general business assets.  A significant portion of the Bank’s commercial and industrial loans are also collateralized by real estate, but are not classified as commercial real estate loans because such loans are not made for the purpose of acquiring, developing, constructing, improving or refinancing the real estate securing the loan, nor is the repayment source income generated directly from such real property.  The Bank’s commercial and industrial loan portfolio includes loans to business sectors such as healthcare/social assistance, owner occupied and other real estate, retail trade, manufacturing, construction businesses, wholesale trade, accommodation and food services, entertainment and recreation, public administration and professional services.



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The commercial loan portfolio represented 55% of total loans at December 31, 2013. In making commercial loans, Washington Trust may occasionally solicit the participation of other banks and may also occasionally participate in commercial loans originated by other banks.  From time to time, the guaranteed portion of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans are sold to investors.

Residential Real Estate Mortgages
The residential real estate portfolio represented 31% of total loans at December 31, 2013.  Residential real estate mortgages are primarily originated by commissioned mortgage originator employees.  Washington Trust generally underwrites its residential mortgages based upon secondary market standards.  Residential mortgages are originated both for sale in the secondary market as well as for retention in the Bank’s loan portfolio.  Loan sales in the secondary market provide funds for additional lending and other banking activities.  Washington Trust sells loans with servicing retained or released.  Residential real estate mortgages are also originated for various investors in a broker capacity, including conventional mortgages and reverse mortgages. In recent years, Washington Trust has experienced strong residential mortgage refinancing activity in response to the low mortgage interest rate environment, as well as origination volume growth due to our expansion of residential mortgage lending offices outside of Rhode Island.  Total residential mortgage loan originations, including loans originated in a broker capacity, amounted to $730.3 million in 2013, compared to $414.9 million in 2009.

Prior to March 2009, Washington Trust had periodically purchased one- to four-family residential mortgages originated in other states as well as southern New England from other financial institutions.  All residential mortgage loans purchased from other financial institutions were individually underwritten by us at the time of purchase using standards similar to those employed for Washington Trust’s self-originated loans.  At December 31, 2013, purchased residential mortgage balances represented 6% and 2% of the total residential real estate mortgage and total loan portfolios, respectively.

Washington Trust has never offered a sub-prime mortgage program and has no option-adjusted ARMs.

Consumer Loans
The consumer loan portfolio represented 14% of total loans as of December 31, 2013.  Consumer loans include home equity loans and lines of credit, personal installment loans and loans to individuals secured by general aviation aircraft and automobiles.  Home equity lines and home equity loans represent 83% of the total consumer portfolio at December 31, 2013.  All home equity lines and home equity loans were originated by Washington Trust in its general market area.  The Bank estimates that approximately 69% of the combined home equity line and home equity loan balances are first lien positions or subordinate to other Washington Trust mortgages.

Credit Risk Management and Asset Quality
Washington Trust utilizes the following general practices to manage credit risk:
•
Limiting the amount of credit that individual lenders may extend;
•
Establishment of formal, documented processes for credit approval accountability;
•
Prudent initial underwriting and analysis of borrower, transaction, market and collateral risks;
•
Ongoing servicing of the majority of individual loans and lending relationships;
•
Continuous monitoring of the portfolio, market dynamics and the economy; and
•
Periodic reevaluation of our strategy and overall exposure as economic, market and other relevant conditions change.

The credit risk management function is conducted independently of the lending groups. Credit risk management is responsible for oversight of the commercial loan rating system, determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and for preparing monthly and quarterly reports regarding the credit quality of the loan portfolio to ensure compliance with the credit policy.  In addition, it is responsible for managing nonperforming and classified assets.  On a quarterly basis, the criticized loan portfolio, which consists of commercial and industrial loans and commercial real estate loans that are risk rated special mention or worse, are reviewed by management, focusing on the current status and strategies to improve the credit.  An annual loan review program is conducted by a third party to provide an independent evaluation of the creditworthiness of the commercial loan portfolio, the quality of the underwriting and credit risk management practices and the appropriateness of the risk rating classifications.  This review is supplemented with selected targeted


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internal reviews of the commercial loan portfolio.  Various techniques are utilized to monitor indicators of credit deterioration in the portfolios of residential real estate mortgages and home equity lines and loans.  Among these techniques is the periodic tracking of loans with an updated FICO score and an estimated loan to value (“LTV”) ratio.  LTV is determined via statistical modeling analyses.  The indicated LTV levels are estimated based on such factors as the location, the original LTV, and the date of origination of the loan and do not reflect actual appraisal amounts.

The Board of Directors of the Bank monitors credit risk management through two committees, the Finance Committee and the Audit Committee.  The Finance Committee has primary oversight responsibility for the credit granting function, including approval authority for credit granting policies, review of management’s credit granting activities and approval of large exposure credit requests.  The Audit Committee oversees various systems and procedures performed by management to monitor the credit quality of the loan portfolio, conduct a loan review program, maintain the integrity of the loan rating system and determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  These committees report the results of their respective oversight functions to the Bank’s Board of Directors.  In addition, the Bank’s Board of Directors receives information concerning asset quality measurements and trends on a monthly basis.

Deposit Activities
Deposits represent Washington Trust’s primary source of funds and are gathered primarily from the areas surrounding our branch network.  The Bank offers a wide variety of deposit products with a range of interest rates and terms to consumer, commercial, non-profit and municipal deposit customers.  Washington Trust’s deposit accounts consist of interest-bearing checking, noninterest-bearing checking, savings, money market and certificates of deposit.  A variety of retirement deposit accounts are offered to personal and business customers.  Additional deposit services provided to customers include debit cards, ATMs, telephone banking, Internet banking, mobile banking, remote deposit capture and other cash management services.  Washington Trust also offers merchant credit card processing services to business customers.  From time to time, brokered time deposits from out-of-market institutional sources are utilized as part of our overall funding strategy.

Washington Trust is a participant in the Insured Cash Sweep (“ICS”) program, the Demand Deposit Marketplace (“DDM”) program and the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) program. Washington Trust uses these deposit sweep services to place customer funds into interest-bearing demand accounts, money market accounts, and/or certificates of deposits issued by other participating banks. Customer funds are placed at one or more participating bank to ensure that each deposit customer is eligible for the full amount of FDIC insurance. As a program participant, we receive reciprocal amounts of deposits from other participating banks. ICS, DDM and CDARS deposits are considered to be brokered deposits for bank regulatory purposes. We consider these reciprocal deposit balances to be in-market deposits as distinguished from traditional out of- market brokered deposits.

Wealth Management Services
The Corporation’s wealth management business generated revenues totaling $31.8 million in 2013, representing 21% of total revenues.  It provides a broad range of wealth management services to personal and institutional clients and mutual funds.  These services include investment management; financial planning; personal trust services, including services as trustee, administrator, custodian and guardian; and estate settlement.  Institutional trust services are also provided, including custody and fiduciary services.  Wealth management services are provided through the Bank and its registered investment adviser subsidiary, Weston Financial Group, Inc. The Corporation also operates a broker-dealer subsidiary which primarily conducts transactions for Weston Financial Group clients.  See additional information under the caption “Subsidiaries.”  Noninterest income from wealth management services includes trust and investment management fees and mutual fund fees, which are classified as asset-based revenues since they are primarily derived from the value of wealth management assets under administration. Noninterest income from wealth management services also includes transaction-based revenues, such as financing planning, commissions and other service fees, which are not primarily derived from the value of assets.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, wealth management assets under administration totaled $4.8 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively.  These assets are not included in the Consolidated Financial Statements.



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Investment Securities Portfolio
Washington Trust’s investment securities portfolio is managed to generate interest income, to implement interest rate risk management strategies and to provide a readily available source of liquidity for balance sheet management.  See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Washington Trust may acquire, hold and transact in various types of investment securities in accordance with applicable federal regulations, state statutes and guidelines specified in Washington Trust’s internal investment policy.  Permissible bank investments include federal funds, banker’s acceptances, commercial paper, reverse repurchase agreements, interest-bearing deposits of federally insured banks, U.S. Treasury and government-sponsored agency debt obligations, including mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, corporate debt, trust preferred securities, mutual funds, auction rate preferred stock, common and preferred equity securities, and Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) stock.

Investment activity is monitored by an Investment Committee, the members of which also sit on the Corporation’s Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”).  Asset and liability management objectives are the primary influence on the Corporation’s investment activities.  However, the Corporation also recognizes that there are certain specific risks inherent in investment portfolio activity.  The securities portfolio is managed in accordance with regulatory guidelines and established internal corporate investment policies that provide limitations on specific risk factors such as market risk, credit risk and concentration, liquidity risk and operational risk to help monitor risks associated with investing in securities.  Reports on the activities conducted by Investment Committee and the ALCO are presented to the Board of Directors on a regular basis.

Wholesale Funding Activities
The Corporation utilizes advances from the FHLBB as well as other borrowings as part of its overall funding strategy.  FHLBB advances are used to meet short-term liquidity needs and to purchase securities.  The FHLBB is a cooperative that provides services, including funding in the form of advances, to its member banking institutions.  As a requirement of membership, the Bank must own a minimum amount of FHLBB stock, calculated periodically based primarily on its level of borrowings from the FHLBB.  The Bank also has access to an unused line of credit with the FHLBB amounting to $8.0 million at December 31, 2013.  In addition, the FHLBB has issued standby letters of credit to depositor customers of the Bank to collateralize public deposits. The Bank’s FHLBB borrowings, line of credit and letters of credit are collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Bank’s FHLBB stock, certain qualified investment securities and loans, as well as amounts maintained on deposits at the FHLBB. Additional funding sources are available through securities sold under agreements to repurchase and through the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Acquisitions
The following summarizes Washington Trust’s acquisition history:

On August 31, 2005, the Bancorp completed the acquisition of Weston Financial Group, Inc. (“Weston Financial”), a registered investment adviser and financial planning company located in Wellesley, Massachusetts, with broker-dealer and insurance agency subsidiaries.

On April 16, 2002, the Bancorp completed the acquisition of First Financial Corp., the parent company of First Bank and Trust Company, a Rhode Island chartered community bank.

On June 26, 2000, the Bancorp completed the acquisition of Phoenix Investment Management Company, Inc. (“Phoenix”), an independent investment advisory firm located in Providence, Rhode Island.

On August 25, 1999, the Bancorp completed the acquisition of PierBank, Inc. (“PierBank”), a Rhode Island chartered community bank headquartered in South Kingstown, Rhode Island.

Subsidiaries
The Bancorp’s subsidiaries include the Bank and Weston Securities Corporation (“WSC”).  In addition, as of December 31, 2013, the Bancorp also owned all of the outstanding common stock of WT Capital Trust I and WT Capital Trust II, special purpose finance entities formed with the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred debt securities and investing the proceeds


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in junior subordinated debentures of the Bancorp.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

The following is a description of Bancorp’s primary operating subsidiaries:

The Washington Trust Company
The Bank was originally chartered in 1800 as the Washington Bank and is the oldest banking institution headquartered in its market area and is among the oldest banks in the United States.  Its current corporate charter dates to 1902.

The Bank provides a broad range of financial services, including lending, deposit and cash management services, wealth management services and merchant credit card services.  The deposits of the Bank are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), subject to regulatory limits.

The Bank’s subsidiary, Weston Financial, is a registered investment adviser and financial planning company located in Wellesley, Massachusetts, with an insurance agency subsidiary.  In addition, the Bank has other passive investment subsidiaries whose primary functions are to provide servicing on passive investments, such as loans acquired from the Bank and investment securities.  The Bank also has a limited liability company subsidiary that serves as a special limited partner responsible for certain administrative functions associated with the Bank’s investment in two real estate limited partnerships. In 2012, we formed Washington Trust Mortgage Company LLC (“WTMC”), a mortgage banking subsidiary of the Bank. WTMC is licensed to do business in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut and New Hampshire. Please see “-Supervision and Regulation-Consumer Protection Regulation-Mortgage Reform” for a discussion of certain regulations that apply to WTMC. Our mortgage origination business conducted in most of our residential mortgage lending offices located outside of Rhode Island is performed by this Bank subsidiary.

Weston Securities Corporation
WSC is a licensed broker-dealer that markets several investment programs, including mutual funds and variable annuities, primarily to Weston Financial clients.  WSC acts as the principal distributor to a group of mutual funds for which Weston Financial is the investment advisor.

Market Area
Washington Trust is headquartered in Westerly, Rhode Island, in Washington County.  Washington Trust’s primary deposit gathering area consists of the communities that are served by its branch network.  As of December 31, 2013, the Bank has ten branch offices located in southern Rhode Island (Washington County), seven branch offices located in the greater Providence area in Rhode Island and a branch office located in southeastern Connecticut.  In the second quarter of 2014, we plan to open a new full-service branch in Johnston, Rhode Island, which will be a continuation of our expansion into the greater Providence area. This branch will be our nineteenth branch office and our first in Johnston. Both the population and number of businesses in Providence County far exceed those in southern Rhode Island.

Washington Trust’s lending activities are conducted primarily in southern New England and, to a lesser extent, other states.  In addition to branch offices, the Bank has a commercial lending office located in the financial district of Providence, Rhode Island. As of December 31, 2013, Washington Trust has six residential mortgage lending offices: three located in eastern Massachusetts (Sharon, Burlington and Braintree), two Connecticut offices (Glastonbury and Stamford) and a Warwick, Rhode Island office.

Washington Trust provides wealth management services from its main office and offices located in Providence and Narragansett, Rhode Island, and Wellesley, Massachusetts.

Competition
Washington Trust faces considerable competition in its market area for all aspects of banking and related financial service activities.  Competition from both bank and non-bank organizations is expected to continue.

Washington Trust contends with strong competition both in generating loans and attracting deposits.  The primary factors in competing are interest rates, financing terms, fees charged, products offered, personalized customer service, online access to accounts and convenience of branch locations, ATMs and branch hours.  Competition comes from commercial banks, credit unions, and savings institutions, as well as other non-bank institutions.  Washington Trust faces strong


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competition from larger institutions with greater resources, broader product lines and larger delivery systems than the Bank.

Washington Trust operates in a highly competitive wealth management services marketplace.  Key competitive factors include investment performance, quality and level of service, and personal relationships.  Principal competitors in the wealth management services business are commercial banks and trust companies, investment advisory firms, mutual fund companies, stock brokerage firms, and other financial companies.  Many of these companies have greater resources than Washington Trust.

Employees
At December 31, 2013, Washington Trust had 570 employees consisting of 544 full-time and 26 part-time and other employees.  Washington Trust maintains a comprehensive employee benefit program providing, among other benefits, group medical and dental insurance, life insurance, disability insurance, a pension plan and a 401(k) plan. In 2007, the pension plan was closed to new hires and rehires after September 30, 2007, and in 2013 it was amended primarily to freeze benefit accruals after a ten-year transition period ending in December 2023. Management considers relations with its employees to be good.  See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on certain employee benefit programs.

GUIDE 3 Statistical Disclosures
The information required by Securities Act Guide 3 “Statistical Disclosure by Bank Holding Companies” is located on the pages noted below.
Description
 
Page

I.
Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Stockholder Equity; Interest Rates and Interest Differentials
41-42

II.
Investment Portfolio
 
48-52, 89

III.
Loan Portfolio
 
52-60, 95

IV.
Summary of Loan Loss Experience
 
60-64, 104

V.
Deposits
 
41, 110

VI.
Return on Equity and Assets
 
28

VII.
Short-Term Borrowings
 
111


Supervision and Regulation
The Corporation is subject to extensive supervision, regulation, and examination by various bank regulatory authorities and other governmental agencies.  Federal and state banking laws have as their principal objective the maintenance of the safety and soundness of financial institutions and the federal deposit insurance system or the protection of consumers or depositors, rather than the protection of shareholders of a bank or its parent company.

Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws and regulations that relate to the regulation of Washington Trust.  The following discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the statutes, regulations, policies and guidelines described below.

The Dodd-Frank Act
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) comprehensively reformed the regulation of financial institutions, products and services.

Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act:
•
granted the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) increased supervisory authority and codifies the source of strength doctrine, as discussed in more detail in “-Regulation of the Bancorp-Source of Strength” below;
•
provided for new capital standards applicable to the Corporation, as discussed in more detail in “-Capital Adequacy and Safety and Soundness-Regulatory Capital Requirements” below;


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•
modified the scope and costs associated with deposit insurance coverage, as discussed in “-Regulation of the Bank-Deposit Insurance” below;
•
permitted well capitalized and well managed banks to acquire other banks in any state, subject to certain deposit concentration limits and other conditions, as discussed in “-Regulation of the Bank-Acquisitions and Branching” below;
•
permitted the payment of interest on business demand deposit accounts;
•
established new minimum mortgage underwriting standards for residential mortgages, as discussed in “-Consumer Protection Regulation-Mortgage Reform” below;
•
established the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (the “CFPB”);
•
barred banking organizations, such as the Bancorp, from engaging in proprietary trading and from sponsoring and investing in hedge funds and private equity funds, except as permitted under certain circumstances, as discussed in “Regulation of Other Activities-Volcker Rule Restrictions on Proprietary Trading and Sponsorship of Hedge Funds and Private Equity Funds” below; and
•
established the Financial Stability Oversight Council to designate certain activities as posing a risk to the U.S. financial system and recommend new or heightened standards and safeguards for financial institutions engaging in such activities.

Regulation of the Bancorp
As a registered bank holding company, the Bancorp is subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”), and to inspection, examination and supervision by the Federal Reserve and the Rhode Island Department of Business Regulation, Division of Banking (the “RI Division of Banking”).

The Federal Reserve has the authority to issue orders to bank holding companies to cease and desist from unsafe or unsound banking practices and violations of laws, regulations, or conditions imposed by, agreements with, or commitments to, the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve is also empowered to assess civil money penalties against companies or individuals who violate the BHCA or orders or regulations thereunder, to order termination of non-banking activities of non-banking subsidiaries of bank holding companies, and to order termination of ownership and control of a non-banking subsidiary by a bank holding company.

Source of Strength. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Bancorp is required to serve as a source of financial strength for the Bank in the event of the financial distress of the Bank. This provision codifies the longstanding policy of the Federal Reserve. In the event of a bank holding company’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the bank holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a bank subsidiary will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.

Acquisitions and Activities. The BHCA prohibits a bank holding company from acquiring substantially all the assets of a bank or acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any bank, or increasing such ownership or control of any bank, or merging or consolidating with any bank holding company, in each case without prior approval of the Federal Reserve.

The BHCA also prohibits a bank holding company from engaging directly or indirectly in activities other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks or furnishing services to its subsidiary banks. In 2005, the Bancorp elected financial holding company status pursuant to the provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (“GLBA”). As a financial holding company, the Bancorp is authorized to engage in certain financial activities in which a bank holding company may not engage. “Financial activities” is broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance and securities activities, but also merchant banking and additional activities that the Federal Reserve, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, determines to be financial in nature, incidental to such financial activities, or complementary activities that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. Currently, as a financial holding company, the Bancorp engages, through WSC, in broker-dealer activities pursuant to this authority.

If a financial holding company fails to remain well capitalized and well managed, the company and its affiliates may not commence any new activity that is authorized particularly for financial holding companies. If a financial holding company


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remains out of compliance for 180 days or such longer period as the Federal Reserve permits, the Federal Reserve may require the financial holding company to divest either its insured depository institution or all of its nonbanking subsidiaries engaged in activities not permissible for a bank holding company. If a financial holding company fails to maintain a “satisfactory” or better record of performance under the Community Reinvestment Act (the “CRA”), it will be prohibited, until the rating is raised to satisfactory or better, from engaging in new activities, or acquiring companies other than bank holding companies, banks or savings associations, except that the Bancorp could engage in new activities, or acquire companies engaged in activities that are closely related to banking under the BHCA. In addition, if the Federal Reserve finds that the Bank is not well capitalized or well managed, the Bancorp would be required to enter into an agreement with the Federal Reserve to comply with all applicable capital and management requirements and which may contain additional limitations or conditions. Until corrected, the Bancorp would not be able to engage in any new activity or acquire companies engaged in activities that are not closely related to banking under the BHCA without prior Federal Reserve approval. If the Bancorp fails to correct any such condition within a prescribed period, the Federal Reserve could order the Bancorp to divest its banking subsidiary or, in the alternative, to cease engaging in activities other than those closely related to banking under the BHCA.

Limitations on Acquisitions of Bancorp Common Stock. The Change in Bank Control Act prohibits a person or group of persons from acquiring “control” of a bank holding company unless the Federal Reserve has been notified and has not objected to the transaction. Under a rebuttable presumption established by the Federal Reserve, the acquisition of 10% or more of a class of voting securities of a bank holding company, such as the Bancorp, with a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, would, under the circumstances set forth in the presumption, constitute the acquisition of control of a bank holding company. In addition, any company would be required to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve under the BHCA before acquiring 25% (5% in the case of an acquirer that is a bank holding company) or more, or otherwise obtaining control or a controlling influence over a bank holding company. In 2008, the Federal Reserve released guidance on minority investments in banks that relaxed the presumption of control for investments of greater than 10% of a class of outstanding voting securities of a bank holding company in certain instances discussed in the guidance.

Regulation of the Bank
The Bank is subject to the regulation, supervision and examination by the FDIC, the RI Division of Banking and the Connecticut Department of Banking. The Bank is also subject to various Rhode Island and Connecticut business and banking regulations and the regulations issued by the CFPB (as examined and enforced by the FDIC). Additionally, under the Dodd-Frank Act, the Federal Reserve may directly examine the subsidiaries of the Bancorp, including the Bank.

Deposit Insurance. Substantially all of the deposits of the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”) and are subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the DIF. The Federal Deposit Insurance Act (the “FDIA”), as amended by the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act and the Dodd-Frank Act, requires the FDIC to set a ratio of deposit insurance reserves to estimated insured deposits - the designated reserve ratio of 1.35%. The FDIC utilizes a risk-based assessment system that imposes insurance premiums based upon a risk matrix that takes into account a bank’s capital level and supervisory rating (“CAMELS rating”). CAMELS ratings reflect the applicable bank regulatory agency’s evaluation of a financial institution’s capital, asset quality, management, earnings, liquidity and sensitivity to risk. Assessment rates may also vary for certain institutions based on long-term debt issuer ratings, secured or brokered deposits. Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, deposit premiums are based on assets rather than insurable deposits. To determine its actual deposit insurance premiums, the Bank computes the base amount on its average consolidated assets less its average tangible equity (defined as the amount of Tier 1 capital) and its applicable assessment rate. Assessment rates range from 2.5 to 9 basis points on the broader assessment base for banks in the lowest risk category up to 30 to 45 basis points for banks in the highest risk category.

Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, FDIC deposit insurance has been permanently increased from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor. On December 31, 2012, unlimited FDIC insurance on noninterest-bearing transaction accounts under the Dodd-Frank Act expired. The Bank’s FDIC deposit insurance costs totaled $1.8 million in 2013.

Under the FDIA, the FDIC may terminate deposit insurance upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by the FDIC.



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Acquisitions and Branching. The Bank must seek prior regulatory approval from the RI Division of Banking and the FDIC to acquire another bank or establish a new branch office. Well capitalized and well managed banks may acquire other banks in any state, subject to certain deposit concentration limits and other conditions, pursuant to the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 and the Dodd-Frank Act. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act authorizes a state-chartered bank, such as the Bank, to establish new branches on an interstate basis to the same extent a bank chartered by the host state may establish branches.

Activities and Investments of Insured State-Chartered Banks. Section 24 of the FDIA generally limits the investment activities of FDIC-insured, state-chartered banks, such as the Bank, when acting as principal, to those that are permissible for national banks. Further, GLBA permits state banks, to the extent permitted under state law, to engage through “financial subsidiaries” in certain activities which are permissible for subsidiaries of a financial holding company. In order to form a financial subsidiary, a state bank must be well capitalized, and such banks would be subject to certain capital deduction, risk management and affiliate transaction rules, among other things.

Brokered Deposits. Section 29 of the FDIA and FDIC regulations generally limit the ability of an insured depository institution to accept, renew or roll over any brokered deposit unless the institution’s capital category is “well capitalized” or, with the FDIC’s approval, “adequately capitalized.” Depository institutions, other than those in the lowest risk category, that have brokered deposits in excess of 10% of total deposits will be subject to increased FDIC deposit insurance premium assessments. Additionally, depository institutions considered “adequately capitalized” that need FDIC approval to accept, renew or roll over any brokered deposits are subject to additional restrictions on the interest rate they may pay on deposits.

The Community Reinvestment Act. The CRA requires the FDIC to evaluate the Bank’s performance in helping to meet the credit needs of the entire communities it serves, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with its safe and sound banking operations, and to take this record into consideration when evaluating certain applications. The FDIC’s CRA regulations are generally based upon objective criteria of the performance of institutions under three key assessment tests: (i) a lending test, to evaluate the institution’s record of making loans in its service areas; (ii) an investment test, to evaluate the institution’s record of investing in community development projects, affordable housing, and programs benefiting low or moderate income individuals and businesses; and (iii) a service test, to evaluate the institution’s delivery of services through its branches, ATMs, and other offices. Failure of an institution to receive at least a “Satisfactory” rating could inhibit the Bank or the Bancorp from undertaking certain activities, including engaging in activities newly permitted as a financial holding company under GLBA and acquisitions of other financial institutions. The Bank has achieved a rating of “Satisfactory” on its most recent examination dated October 3, 2012. Rhode Island and Connecticut also have enacted substantially similar community reinvestment requirements.

Lending Restrictions. Federal law limits a bank’s authority to extend credit to its directors, executive officers and 10% shareholders, as well as to entities controlled by such persons. Among other things, extensions of credit to insiders are required to be made on terms that are substantially the same as, and follow credit underwriting procedures that are not less stringent than, those prevailing for comparable transactions with unaffiliated persons. Also, the terms of such extensions of credit may not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features and may not exceed certain limitations on the amount of credit extended to such persons, individually and in the aggregate, which limits are based, in part, on the amount of the bank’s capital. The Dodd-Frank Act explicitly provides that an extension of credit to an insider includes credit exposure arising from a derivatives transaction, repurchase agreement, reverse repurchase agreement, securities lending transaction or securities borrowing transaction. Additionally, the Dodd-Frank Act requires that asset sale transactions with insiders must be on market terms, and if the transaction represents more than 10% of the capital and surplus of the Bank, be approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Bank.
Enforcement Powers. The FDIC, the RI Division of Banking and the Connecticut Department of Banking have the authority to issue orders to banks under their supervision to cease and desist from unsafe or unsound banking practices and violations of laws, regulations, or conditions imposed by, agreements with, or commitments to, the FDIC, the RI Division of Banking or the Connecticut Department of Banking. The FDIC, the RI Division of Banking or the Connecticut Department of Banking is also empowered to assess civil money penalties against companies or individuals who violate banking laws, orders or regulations.



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Capital Adequacy and Safety and Soundness
Regulatory Capital Requirements. The Federal Reserve the FDIC have issued risk-based and leverage capital guidelines applicable to United States banking organizations. In addition, these agencies may from time to time require that a banking organization maintain capital above the minimum levels due to the banking organization’s financial condition or actual or anticipated growth.

Current Federal Reserve risk-based guidelines define a three-tier capital framework. Tier 1 capital for bank holding companies generally consists of the sum of common shareholders’ equity, perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred securities (both subject to certain limitations and, in the case of the latter, to specific limitations on the kind and amount of such securities which may be included as Tier 1 capital and certain additional restrictions described below), and minority interests in the equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other non-qualifying intangible assets. Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, trust preferred securities issued after May 19, 2010, will not count as Tier 1 capital. The Bancorp’s currently outstanding trust preferred securities were grandfathered for Tier 1 eligibility, subject to a limit of 25% of Tier 1 capital, under the Final Capital Rule discussed below. Tier 2 capital generally consists of hybrid capital instruments, perpetual debt and mandatory convertible debt securities; perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred securities, to the extent it is not eligible to be included as Tier 1 capital; term subordinated debt and intermediate-term preferred stock; and, subject to limitations, general allowances for loan losses. The sum of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital less certain required deductions, such as investments in unconsolidated banking or finance subsidiaries, represents qualifying total capital. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated by dividing Tier 1 and total capital, respectively, by risk-weighted assets. Assets and off-balance sheet credit equivalents are assigned to one of four categories of risk-weights, based primarily on relative credit risk. The minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio is 4% and the minimum total risk-based capital ratio is 8%. As of December 31, 2013, the Bancorp’s Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 12.12% and its total risk-based capital ratio was 13.29%. The Bancorp is currently considered “well capitalized” under all regulatory definitions.

In addition to the risk-based capital requirements, the Federal Reserve requires top-rated bank holding companies to maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of Tier 1 capital (defined by reference to the risk-based capital guidelines) to its average total consolidated assets of at least 3.0%. For most other bank holding companies (including the Bancorp), the minimum leverage capital ratio is 4.0%. Bank holding companies with supervisory, financial, operational or managerial weaknesses, as well as bank holding companies that are anticipating or experiencing significant growth, are expected to maintain capital ratios well above the minimum levels. The Bancorp’s leverage capital ratio as of December 31, 2013 was 9.41%.

The FDIC has adopted a statement of policy regarding the capital adequacy of state-chartered banks and promulgated regulations to implement the system of prompt corrective action established by Section 38 of the FDIA. Under these regulations, a bank is “well capitalized” if it has: (i) a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater; (iii) a leverage capital ratio of 5.0% or greater; and (iv) is not subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. A bank is “adequately capitalized” if it has: (i) a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.0% or greater; and (iii) a leverage capital ratio of 4.0% or greater (3.0% under certain circumstances) and does not meet the definition of a “well capitalized bank.” The FDIC also must take into consideration: (i) concentrations of credit risk; (ii) interest rate risk; and (iii) risks from non-traditional activities, as well as an institution’s ability to manage those risks, when determining the adequacy of an institution’s capital. This evaluation will be made as a part of the institution’s regular safety and soundness examination. The Bank is currently considered well capitalized under all regulatory definitions.

Generally, a bank, upon receiving notice that it is not adequately capitalized (i.e., that it is “undercapitalized”), becomes subject to the prompt corrective action provisions of Section 38 of FDIA that, for example, (i) restrict payment of capital distributions and management fees, (ii) require that the FDIC monitor the condition of the institution and its efforts to restore its capital, (iii) require submission of a capital restoration plan, (iv) restrict the growth of the institution’s assets and (v) require prior regulatory approval of certain expansion proposals. A bank that is required to submit a capital restoration plan must concurrently submit a performance guarantee by each company that controls the bank. A bank that is “critically undercapitalized” (i.e., has a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%) will be subject to further restrictions, and generally will be placed in conservatorship or receivership within 90 days.



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The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has also released new capital requirements, known as Basel III, setting forth higher capital requirements, enhanced risk coverage, a global leverage ratio, provisions for counter-cyclical capital, and liquidity standards. On July 2, 2013, the Federal Reserve, along with the other federal banking agencies, issued a final rule (the “Final Capital Rule”) implementing the Basel III capital standards and establishing the minimum capital requirements for banks and bank holding companies required under the Dodd-Frank Act. The majority of the provisions of the Final Capital Rule apply to bank holding companies and banks with consolidated assets of $500 million or more, such as the Bancorp and the Bank. The Final Capital Rule establishes a new capital risk-based capital ratio, a minimum common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.5% of risk-weighted assets to be a “well capitalized” institution, and increases the minimum total Tier 1 capital ratio to be a “well capitalized” institution from 6.0% to 8.0%. The Final Capital Rule also requires that an institution establish a capital conservation buffer of common equity Tier 1 capital in an amount above the minimum risk-based capital requirements for “adequately capitalized” institutions equal to 2.5% of total risk weight assets, or face restrictions on capital distributions and executive bonuses. The Final Capital Rule increases the required capital for certain categories of assets, including higher-risk construction real estate loans and certain exposures related to securitizations. Under the Final Capital Rule, the Bancorp may make a one-time, permanent election to continue to exclude accumulated other comprehensive income from capital.

The Bancorp must comply with the Final Capital Rule beginning on January 1, 2015.

Safety and Soundness Standard. The FDIA requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to prescribe standards, by regulations or guidelines, relating to internal controls, information systems and internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate risk exposure, asset growth, asset quality, earnings, stock valuation and compensation, fees and benefits, and such other operational and managerial standards as the agencies deem appropriate. Guidelines adopted by the federal bank regulatory agencies establish general standards relating to internal controls and information systems, internal audit systems, risk management, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and compensation, and fees and benefits. In general, these guidelines require, among other things, appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage the risk and exposures specified in the guidelines. The guidelines prohibit excessive compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and describe compensation as excessive when the amounts paid are unreasonable or disproportionate to the services performed by an executive officer, employee, director or principal shareholder. In addition, the federal banking agencies adopted regulations that authorize, but do not require, an agency to order an institution that has been given notice by an agency that it is not satisfying any of such safety and soundness standards to submit a compliance plan. If, after being so notified, an institution fails to submit an acceptable compliance plan or fails in any material respect to implement an acceptable compliance plan, the agency must issue an order directing action to correct the deficiency and may issue an order directing other actions of the types to which an undercapitalized institution is subject under the “prompt corrective action” provisions of FDIA. See “-Capital Requirements” above. If an institution fails to comply with such an order, the agency may seek to enforce such order in judicial proceedings and to impose civil money penalties.

Dividend Restrictions
The Bancorp is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank. The revenue of the Bancorp is derived primarily from dividends paid to it by the Bank. The right of the Bancorp, and consequently the right of shareholders of the Bancorp, to participate in any distribution of the assets or earnings of the Bank, through the payment of such dividends or otherwise, is necessarily subject to the prior claims of creditors of the Bank (including depositors), except to the extent that certain claims of the Bancorp in a creditor capacity may be recognized.

Restrictions on Bank Holding Company Dividends. The Federal Reserve and the RI Division of Banking have authority to prohibit bank holding companies from paying dividends if such payment is deemed to be an unsafe or unsound practice. The Federal Reserve has indicated generally that it may be an unsafe or unsound practice for bank holding companies to pay dividends unless the bank holding company’s net income over the preceding year is sufficient to fund the dividends and the expected rate of earnings retention is consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. Additionally, under Rhode Island law, distributions of dividends cannot be made if a bank holding company would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business or the bank holding company’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities. The Bancorp’s revenues consist primarily of cash dividends paid to it by the Bank. Further, when the Final Capital Rule comes into effect, our ability to pay dividends will be restricted if we do not maintain a capital conservation buffer. See “-Regulatory Capital Requirements” above.



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Restrictions on Bank Dividends. The FDIC has the authority to use its enforcement powers to prohibit a bank from paying dividends if, in its opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Federal law also prohibits the payment of dividends by a bank that will result in the bank failing to meet its applicable capital requirements on a pro forma basis. Payment of dividends by a bank is also restricted pursuant to various state regulatory limitations. Reference is made to Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of the Corporation’s ability to pay dividends.

Certain Transactions by Bank Holding Companies with their Affiliates
There are various statutory restrictions on the extent to which bank holding companies and their non-bank subsidiaries may borrow, obtain credit from or otherwise engage in “covered transactions” with their insured depository institution subsidiaries. The Dodd-Frank Act amended the definition of affiliate to include an investment fund for which the depository institution or one of its affiliates is an investment adviser. An insured depository institution (and its subsidiaries) may not lend money to, or engage in covered transactions with, its non-depository institution affiliates if the aggregate amount of covered transactions outstanding involving the bank, plus the proposed transaction exceeds the following limits: (i) in the case of any one such affiliate, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the insured depository institution and its subsidiaries cannot exceed 10% of the capital stock and surplus of the insured depository institution; and (ii) in the case of all affiliates, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the insured depository institution and its subsidiaries cannot exceed 20% of the capital stock and surplus of the insured depository institution. For this purpose, “covered transactions” are defined by statute to include a loan or extension of credit to an affiliate, a purchase of or investment in securities issued by an affiliate, a purchase of assets from an affiliate unless exempted by the Federal Reserve, the acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate as collateral for a loan or extension of credit to any person or company, the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit on behalf of an affiliate, securities borrowing or lending transactions with an affiliated that creates a credit exposure to such affiliate, or a derivatives transaction with an affiliate that creates a credit exposure to such affiliate. Covered transactions are also subject to certain collateral security requirements. Covered transactions as well as other types of transactions between a bank and a bank holding company must be on market terms and not otherwise unduly favorable to the holding company or an affiliate of the holding company. Moreover, Section 106 of the BHCA provides that, to further competition, a bank holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tying arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, lease or sale of property of any kind, or furnishing of any service.

Consumer Protection Regulation
The Bancorp and the Bank are subject to a number of federal and state laws designed to protect consumers and prohibit unfair or deceptive business practices. These laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Housing Act, Home Ownership Protection Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, as amended by the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 (“FACT Act”), GLBA, Truth in Lending Act, the CRA, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, National Flood Insurance Act and various state law counterparts. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and regulate the manner in which financial institutions must interact with customers when taking deposits, making loans, collecting loans and providing other services. Further, the Dodd-Frank Act established the CFPB, which has the responsibility for making rules and regulations under the federal consumer protection laws relating to financial products and services. The CFPB also has a broad mandate to prohibit unfair or deceptive acts and practices and is specifically empowered to require certain disclosures to consumers and draft model disclosure forms. Failure to comply with consumer protection laws and regulations can subject financial institutions to enforcement actions, fines and other penalties. The FDIC will examine the Bank for compliance with CFPB rules and enforce CFPB rules with respect to the Bank.

Mortgage Reform. The Dodd-Frank Act prescribes certain standards that mortgage lenders must consider before making a residential mortgage loan, including verifying a borrower’s ability to repay such mortgage loan, and allows borrowers to assert violations of certain provisions of the Truth-in-Lending Act as a defense to foreclosure proceedings. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, prepayment penalties are prohibited for certain mortgage transactions and creditors are prohibited from financing insurance policies in connection with a residential mortgage loan or home equity line of credit. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act prohibits mortgage originators from receiving compensation based on the terms of residential mortgage loans and generally limits the ability of a mortgage originator to be compensated by others if compensation is received from a consumer. The Dodd-Frank Act requires mortgage lenders to make additional disclosures prior to the extension of credit, in each billing statement and for negative amortization loans and hybrid adjustable rate mortgages.



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Privacy and Customer Information Security. The GLBA requires financial institutions to implement policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of nonpublic personal information about consumers to nonaffiliated third parties. In general, the Bank must provide its customers with an annual disclosure that explains its policies and procedures regarding the disclosure of such nonpublic personal information, and, except as otherwise required or permitted by law, the Bank is prohibited from disclosing such information except as provided in such policies and procedures. The GLBA also requires that the Bank develop, implement and maintain a comprehensive written information security program designed to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer information (as defined under GLBA), to protect against anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of such information; and to protect against unauthorized access to or use of such information that could result in substantial harm or inconvenience to any customer. The Bank is also required to send a notice to customers whose “sensitive information” has been compromised if unauthorized use of this information is “reasonably possible.” Most of the states, including the states where the Bank operates, have enacted legislation concerning breaches of data security and the duties of the Bank in response to a data breach. Congress continues to consider federal legislation that would require consumer notice of data security breaches. Pursuant to the FACT Act, the Bank must also develop and implement a written identity theft prevention program to detect, prevent, and mitigate identity theft in connection with the opening of certain accounts or certain existing accounts. Additionally, the FACT Act amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act to generally prohibit a person from using information received from an affiliate to make a solicitation for marketing purposes to a consumer, unless the consumer is given notice and a reasonable opportunity and a reasonable and simple method to opt out of the making of such solicitations.

Anti-Money Laundering and the Bank Secrecy Act
The Bank Secrecy Act. Under the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”), a financial institution is required to have systems in place to detect certain transactions, based on the size and nature of the transaction. Financial institutions are generally required to report to the United States Treasury any cash transactions involving more than $10,000. In addition, financial institutions are required to file suspicious activity reports for transactions that involve more than $5,000 and which the financial institution knows, suspects or has reason to suspect involves illegal funds, is designed to evade the requirements of the BSA or has no lawful purpose. The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (the “USA PATRIOT Act”), which amended the BSA, is designed to deny terrorists and others the ability to obtain anonymous access to the U.S. financial system. The USA PATRIOT Act has significant implications for financial institutions and businesses of other types involved in the transfer of money. The USA PATRIOT Act, together with the implementing regulations of various federal regulatory agencies, has caused financial institutions, such as the Bank, to adopt and implement additional policies or amend existing policies and procedures with respect to, among other things, anti-money laundering compliance, suspicious activity, currency transaction reporting, customer identity verification and customer risk analysis. In evaluating an application under Section 3 of the BHCA to acquire a bank or an application under the Bank Merger Act to merge banks or effect a purchase of assets and assumption of deposits and other liabilities, the applicable federal banking regulator must consider the anti-money laundering compliance record of both the applicant and the target. In addition, under the USA PATRIOT Act financial institutions are required to take steps to monitor their correspondent banking and private banking relationships as well as, if applicable, their relationships with “shell banks.”

Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”). The United States has imposed economic sanctions that affect transactions with designated foreign countries, nationals and others. These sanctions, which are administered by OFAC, take many different forms. Generally, however, they contain one or more of the following elements: (i) restrictions on trade with or investment in a sanctioned country, including prohibitions against direct or indirect imports from and exports to a sanctioned country and prohibitions on “U.S. persons” engaging in financial transactions relating to making investments in, or providing investment-related advice or assistance to, a sanctioned country; and (ii) a blocking of assets in which the government or specially designated nationals of the sanctioned country have an interest, by prohibiting transfers of property subject to U.S. jurisdiction (including property in the possession or control of U.S. persons). Blocked assets (for example, property and bank deposits) cannot be paid out, withdrawn, set off or transferred in any manner without a license from OFAC.

Regulation of Other Activities
Registered Investment Adviser and Broker-Dealer. WSC is a registered broker-dealer and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). WSC is subject to extensive regulation, supervision, and examination by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), FINRA and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Weston Financial is registered as an investment advisor under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Advisers


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Act”), and is subject to extensive regulation, supervision, and examination by the SEC and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, including those related to sales methods, trading practices, the use and safekeeping of customers’ funds and securities, capital structure, record keeping and the conduct of directors, officers and employees.

As an investment advisor, Weston Financial is subject to the Investment Advisers Act and any regulations promulgated thereunder, including fiduciary, recordkeeping, operational and disclosure obligations. Each of the mutual funds for which Weston Financial acts an advisor or subadvisor is registered with the SEC under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), and subject to requirements thereunder. Shares of each mutual fund are registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and are qualified for sale (or exempt from such qualification) under the laws of each state and the District of Columbia to the extent such shares are sold in any of those jurisdictions. In addition, an advisor or subadvisor to a registered investment company generally has obligations with respect to the qualification of the registered investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

The foregoing laws and regulations generally grant supervisory agencies and bodies broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict Weston Financial from conducting its business in the event it fails to comply with such laws and regulations. Possible sanctions that may be imposed in the event of such noncompliance include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on business activities for specified periods of time, revocation of registration as an investment advisor, commodity trading advisor and/or other registrations, and other censures and fines.

Mortgage Lending. WTMC, formed in 2012, is a mortgage lending subsidiary of the Bank and licensed to do business in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut and New Hampshire. See “-Consumer Protection Regulation” and -Consumer Protection Regulation-Mortgage Reform” above for a description of certain regulations that apply to WTMC.

Volcker Rule Restrictions on Proprietary Trading and Sponsorship of Hedge Funds and Private Equity Funds. The Dodd-Frank Act bars banking organizations, such as the Bancorp, from engaging in proprietary trading and from sponsoring and investing in hedge funds and private equity funds, except as permitted under certain limited circumstances, in a provision commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule.” Under the Dodd-Frank Act, proprietary trading generally means trading by a banking entity or its affiliate for its own account. Hedge funds and private equity funds are described by the Dodd-Frank Act as funds that would be registered under the Investment Company Act but for certain enumerated exemptions. The Volcker Rule restrictions apply to the Bancorp, the Bank and all of their subsidiaries and affiliates.

ERISA. The Bank and Weston Financial are each also subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and related regulations, to the extent it is a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to some of its clients. ERISA and related provisions of the Code impose duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA, and prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of each ERISA plan that is a client of the Bank or Weston Financial, as applicable, as well as certain transactions by the fiduciaries (and several other related parties) to such plans.

Securities and Exchange Commission Availability of Filings
Under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act, periodic and current reports must be filed or furnished with the SEC.  You may read and copy any reports, statements or other information filed by Washington Trust with the SEC at its public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.  Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms.  Washington Trust’s filings are also available to the public from commercial document retrieval services and at the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.  In addition, Washington Trust makes available free of charge on the Investor Relations section of its website (www.washtrust.com) its annual report on Form 10-K, its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and exhibits and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after it electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the SEC.  Information on the Washington Trust website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors.
Before making any investment decision with respect to our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below, in addition to the other information contained in this report and in our other filings with the SEC. The risks and uncertainties described below and in our other filings are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties


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not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. If any of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties actually occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be impaired. In that event, the market price for our common stock could decline and you may lose your investment. This report is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors.

Risks Related to Our Banking Business - Credit Risk and Market Risk
Our allowance for loan losses may not be adequate to cover actual loan losses.
We are exposed to the risk that our borrowers may default on their obligations. A borrower’s default on its obligations under one or more loans may result in lost principal and interest income and increased operating expenses as a result of the allocation of management time and resources to the collection and work-out of the loan. In certain situations, where collection efforts are unsuccessful or acceptable work-out arrangements cannot be reached, we may have to write off the loan in whole or in part. In such situations, we may acquire real estate or other assets, if any, that secure the loan through foreclosure or other similar available remedies, and often the amount owed under the defaulted loan exceeds the value of the assets acquired.

We periodically make a determination of an allowance for loan losses based on available information, including, but not limited to, the quality of the loan portfolio, certain economic conditions, the value of the underlying collateral and the level of nonaccrual and criticized loans. We rely on our loan quality reviews, our experience and our evaluation of economic conditions, among other factors, in determining the amount of provision required for the allowance for loan losses. Provisions to this allowance result in an expense for the period. If, as a result of general economic conditions, changes to previous assumptions, or an increase in defaulted loans, we determine that additional increases in the allowance for loan losses are necessary, we will incur additional expenses.

Determining the allowance for loan losses inherently involves a high degree of subjectivity and requires us to make significant estimates of current credit risks and future trends, all of which may undergo material changes. At any time, there are likely to be loans in our portfolio that will result in losses but that have not been identified as nonperforming or potential problem credits. We cannot be sure that we will be able to identify deteriorating credits before they become nonperforming assets or that we will be able to limit losses on those loans that are identified. We have in the past been, and in the future may be, required to increase our allowance for loan losses for any of several reasons. Federal and state regulators, in reviewing our loan portfolio as part of a regulatory examination, may request that we increase our allowance for loan losses. Changes in economic conditions affecting borrowers, new information regarding existing loans, identification of additional problem loans and other factors, both within and outside of our control, may require an increase in our allowance for loan losses. In addition, if charge-offs in future periods exceed our allowance for loan losses, we will need additional increases in our allowance for loan losses. Any increases in our allowance for loan losses will result in a decrease in our net income and, possibly, our capital, and could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

For a more detailed discussion on the allowance for loan losses, see additional information disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”

Fluctuations in interest rates may reduce our profitability.
Our consolidated results of operations depend, to a large extent, on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income from interest-earning assets, such as loans and investments, and interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings.  These rates are highly sensitive to many factors beyond our control, including general economic conditions, both domestic and foreign, and the monetary and fiscal policies of various governmental and regulatory authorities. We have adopted asset and liability management policies to minimize the potential adverse effects of changes in interest rates on net interest income, primarily by altering the mix and maturity of loans, investments funding sources, and derivatives. However, even with these policies in place, a change in interest rates can impact our results of operations or financial condition.

The market values of most of our financial assets are sensitive to fluctuations in market interest rates.  Fixed-rate investments, mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans typically decline in value as interest rates rise.  Changes in interest rates can also affect the rate of prepayments on mortgage-backed securities, thereby adversely affecting the value of such securities and the interest income generated by them.


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Changes in interest rates can also affect the amount of loans that we originate, as well as the value of loans and other interest-earning assets and our ability to realize gains on the sale of such assets and liabilities.  Prevailing interest rates also affect the extent to which our borrowers prepay their loans.  When interest rates increase, borrowers are less likely to prepay their loans, and when interest rates decrease, borrowers are more likely to prepay loans.  Funds generated by prepayments might be reinvested at a less favorable interest rate.  Prepayments may adversely affect the value of mortgage loans, the levels of such assets that are retained in our portfolio, net interest income, loan servicing income and capitalized servicing rights.

Increases in interest rates might cause depositors to shift funds from accounts that have a comparatively lower cost, such as regular savings accounts, to accounts with a higher cost, such as certificates of deposit. If the cost of interest-bearing deposits increases at a rate greater than the yields on interest-earning assets increase, our net interest income will be negatively affected.  Changes in the asset and liability mix may also affect our net interest income.

For additional discussion on interest rate risk, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Asset / Liability Management and Interest Rate Risk.”

Our loan portfolio includes commercial loans, which are generally riskier than other types of loans.
At December 31, 2013, commercial loans represented 55% of our loan portfolio. Commercial loans generally carry larger loan balances and involve a higher risk of nonpayment or late payment than residential mortgage loans. These loans may lack standardized terms and may include a balloon payment feature. The ability of a borrower to make or refinance a balloon payment may be affected by a number of factors, including the financial condition of the borrower, prevailing economic conditions and prevailing interest rates. Repayment of these loans is generally more dependent on the economy and the successful operation of a business. Because of the risks associated with commercial loans, we may experience higher rates of default than if the portfolio were more heavily weighted toward residential mortgage loans. Higher rates of default could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Environmental liability associated with our lending activities could result in losses.
In the course of business, we may acquire, through foreclosure, properties securing loans we have originated that are in default. While we believe that our credit granting process incorporates appropriate procedures for the assessment of environmental contamination risk, there is a risk that material environmental violations could be discovered on these properties, particularly in commercial real estate lending. In this event, we might be required to remedy these violations at the affected properties at our sole cost and expense. The cost of this remedial action could substantially exceed the value of affected properties. We may not have adequate remedies against the prior owner or other responsible parties and could find it difficult or impossible to sell the affected properties. These events could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We have credit and market risk inherent in our securities portfolio.
We maintain a diversified securities portfolio, which includes mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, obligations of U.S. government-sponsored agencies, securities issued by state and political subdivisions, trust preferred debt securities issued primarily by financial service companies, and corporate debt securities.  We seek to limit credit losses in our securities portfolios by generally purchasing only highly-rated securities.  The valuation and liquidity of our securities could be adversely impacted by reduced market liquidity, increased normal bid-asked spreads and increased uncertainty of market participants, which could reduce the market value of our securities, even those with no apparent credit exposure.  The valuation of our securities requires judgment and as market conditions change security values may also change.

A change to the conservatorship of the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), and related actions, along with any changes in laws and regulations affecting the relationship between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the U.S. federal government, could adversely affect our business.
There continues to be substantial uncertainty regarding the future of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, including whether they both will continue to exist in their current form. We sell some of our residential mortgages to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Our ability to sell our residential mortgages into the secondary market is an important part of our overall interest rate risk, liquidity risk and capital management strategies.


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Due to increased market concerns about the ability of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to withstand future credit losses associated with securities on which they provide guarantees and loans held in their investment portfolios without the direct support of the U.S. federal government, in September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship and, together with the U.S. Treasury, established a program designed to boost investor confidence in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by supporting the availability of mortgage financing and protecting taxpayers. Although the U.S. government has described some specific steps that it intends to take as part of the conservatorship process, efforts to stabilize these entities may not be successful and the outcome and impact of these events remain highly uncertain.

Future legislation could further change the relationship between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the U.S. government, could change their business charters or structure, or could nationalize or eliminate such entities entirely. We cannot predict whether, or when, any such legislation may be enacted.

Difficult market conditions and economic trends in the real estate market have adversely affected our industry and our business.
We are particularly affected by downturns in the U.S. real estate market. Declines in the real estate market over the past several years, including decreased property values and increased delinquencies and foreclosures, may continue to have a negative impact on the credit performance of commercial and construction, mortgage, and consumer loan portfolios resulting in significant write-downs of assets by many financial institutions as the values of real estate collateral supporting many loans have declined significantly. In addition, a weakened economy and continued high levels of unemployment, among other factors, have led to erosion of customer confidence, a reduction in general business activity and increased market volatility. The resulting economic pressure on consumers and businesses and the lack of confidence in the financial markets have adversely affected our business, financial condition, results of operations and stock price. A worsening of these economic conditions would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the industry. Our ability to properly assess the creditworthiness of customers and to estimate the losses inherent in our credit exposure is made more complex by these difficult market and economic conditions. Accordingly, if market conditions worsen, we may experience increases in foreclosures, delinquencies, write-offs and customer bankruptcies, as well as more restricted access to funds.

Continued weakness in the southern New England economy could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We primarily serve individuals and businesses located in southern New England. As a result, a significant portion of our earnings are closely tied to the economy of that region. Further weakening or a deterioration in the economy of southern New England could result in the following consequences:
•
    loan delinquencies may increase;
•
    problem assets and foreclosures may increase;
•
    demand for our products and services may decline;
•
    collateral for our loans may decline in value, in turn reducing a customer's borrowing power and reducing the value of collateral securing a loan; and
•
    the net worth and liquidity of loan guarantors may decline, impairing their ability to honor commitments to us.

We operate in a highly regulated industry, and laws and regulations, or changes in them, could limit or restrict our activities and could have an adverse impact in our operations.
We are subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve, and the Bank is subject to regulation and supervision by the FDIC, Rhode Island Division of Banking and the Connecticut Department of Banking. Federal and state laws and regulations govern numerous matters affecting us, including changes in the ownership or control of banks and bank holding companies, maintenance of adequate capital and the financial condition of a financial institution, permissible types, amounts and terms of extensions of credit and investments, permissible non-banking activities, the level of reserves against deposits and restrictions on dividend payments. The FDIC, Rhode Island Division of Banking and the Connecticut Division of Banking have the power to issue consent orders to prevent or remedy unsafe or unsound practices or violations


-19-

of law by banks subject to their regulation, and the Federal Reserve possesses similar powers with respect to bank holding companies.

Our banking business is also affected by the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve. Changes in monetary or legislative policies may affect the interest rates the Bank must offer to attract deposits and the interest rates it must charge on loans, as well as the manner in which it offers deposits and makes loans. These monetary policies have had, and are expected to continue to have, significant effects on the operating results of depository institutions generally, including the Bank.

Because our business is highly regulated, the laws, rules, regulations, and supervisory guidance and policies applicable to us are subject to regular modification and change. It is impossible to predict the competitive impact that any such changes would have on the banking and financial services industry in general or on our business in particular. Such changes may, among other things, increase the cost of doing business, limit permissible activities, or affect the competitive balance between banks and other financial institutions. Changes to statutes, regulations, or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, or policies, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways. Such changes could subject us to additional costs, limit the types of financial services and products we may offer, and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products, among other things. Failure to comply with laws, regulations, or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties, and/or reputation damage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See “Business-Supervision and Regulation.”

Additional requirements imposed by the Dodd-Frank Act could adversely affect us.
The Dodd-Frank Act comprehensively reformed the regulation of financial institutions, products and services. Because many aspects of the Dodd-Frank Act are subject to rulemaking that will take effect over several years, it is difficult to forecast the full impact that such rulemaking that will have on us, our customers or the financial industry. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act established the CFPB as an independent bureau of the Federal Reserve. The CFPB has the authority to prescribe rules for all depository institutions governing the provision of consumer financial products and services, which may result in rules and regulations that reduce the profitability of such products and services or impose greater costs and restrictions on us and our subsidiaries. The Dodd-Frank Act also established new minimum mortgage underwriting standards for residential mortgages, and the regulatory agencies have focused on the examination and supervision of mortgage lending and servicing activities. The CFPB recently issued a final rule that requires creditors, such as Washington Trust, to make a reasonable good faith determination of a consumer's ability to repay any consumer credit transaction secured by a dwelling. The rule provides creditors with minimum requirements for making such ability-to-repay determinations. See “Business-Supervision and Regulation-The Dodd-Frank Act.”

Current and future legal and regulatory requirements, restrictions, and regulations, including those imposed under the Dodd-Frank Act, may adversely impact our profitability and may have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations, may require us to invest significant management attention and resources to evaluate and make any changes required by the legislation and related regulations and may make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified executive officers and employees.

We will become subject to more stringent capital requirements.
The Dodd-Frank Act requires the federal banking agencies to establish minimum leverage and risk-based capital requirements for insured banks and their holding companies. The federal banking agencies issued a joint final rule, or the “Final Capital Rule,” that implements the Basel III capital standards and establishes the minimum capital levels required under the Dodd-Frank Act. We must comply with the Final Capital Rule by January 1, 2015. The Final Capital Rule establishes a minimum common equity Tier I capital ratio of 6.5% of risk-weighted assets for a “well capitalized” institution and increases the minimum Tier I capital ratio for a “well capitalized” institution from 6.0% to 8.0%. Additionally, the Final Capital Rule requires an institution to maintain a 2.5% common equity Tier I capital conservation buffer over the 6.5% minimum risk based capital requirements for “adequately capitalized” institutions to avoid restrictions on the ability to pay dividends, discretionary bonuses, and engage in share repurchases. The Final Capital Rule permanently grandfathers trust preferred securities issued before May 19, 2010 subject to a limit of 25% of Tier I capital. The Final Capital Rule increases the required capital for certain categories of assets, including high-volatility construction real estate loans and certain exposures related to securitizations; however, the Final Capital Rule retains the current capital treatment of residential mortgages. Under the Final Capital Rule, we may make a one-time, permanent election to continue to exclude accumulated other comprehensive income from capital. If we do not make this election, unrealized gains and


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losses will be included in the calculation of our regulatory capital. Implementation of these standards, or any other new regulations, may adversely affect our ability to pay dividends, or require us to reduce business levels or raise capital, including in ways that may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us.
Our ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and commercial soundness of other financial institutions.  Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty and other relationships.  We have exposure to a number of different counterparties, and we routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial industry, including brokers and dealers, other commercial banks, investment banks, and other financial institutions.  As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry generally, could lead to market-wide liquidity problems and losses or defaults by us or by other institutions and organizations.  Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of default of our counterparty or customer.  In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by us cannot be liquidated or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the financial instrument exposure due to us.  There is no assurance that any such losses would not materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Wealth Management Business
Our wealth management business is highly regulated, and the regulators have the ability to limit or restrict our activities and impose fines or suspensions on the conduct of our business.
We offer wealth management services through the Bank and its subsidiary, Weston Financial, a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Advisers Act”.) The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous obligations on registered investment advisers, including fiduciary, record keeping, operational and disclosure obligations. We are also subject to the provisions and regulations of ERISA to the extent that we act as a “fiduciary” under ERISA with respect to certain of our clients. ERISA and the applicable provisions of the federal tax laws impose a number of duties on persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA and prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of each ERISA plan which is a client, as well as certain transactions by the fiduciaries (and certain other related parties) to such plans. In addition, applicable law provides that all investment contracts with mutual fund clients may be terminated by the clients, without penalty, upon no more than 60 days notice. Investment contracts with institutional and other clients are typically terminable by the client, also without penalty, upon 30 days notice. Changes in these laws or regulations could have a material adverse impact on our profitability and mode of operations.

The market value of wealth management assets under administration may be negatively affected by changes in economic and market conditions.
Revenues from wealth management services represented 21% of our total revenues for 2013.  A substantial portion of these fees are dependent on the market value of wealth management assets under administration, which are primarily marketable securities.  Changes in domestic and foreign economic conditions, volatility in financial markets, and general trends in business and finance, all of which are beyond our control, could adversely impact the market value of these assets and the fee revenues derived from the management of these assets.

We may not be able to attract and retain wealth management clients at current levels.
Due to strong competition, our wealth management business may not be able to attract and retain clients at current levels.  Competition is strong because there are numerous well-established and successful investment management and wealth advisory firms including commercial banks and trust companies, investment advisory firms, mutual fund companies, stock brokerage firms, and other financial companies.  Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have.

Our ability to successfully attract and retain wealth management clients is dependent upon our ability to compete with competitors’ investment products, level of investment performance, client services and marketing and distribution capabilities.  If we are not successful, our results of operations and financial condition may be negatively impacted.

Wealth management revenues are primarily derived from investment management (including mutual funds), trust fees and financial planning services.  Most of our investment management clients may withdraw funds from accounts under management generally at their sole discretion.  Financial planning contracts must typically be renewed on an annual basis and are terminable upon relatively short notice.  The financial performance of our wealth management business is a significant factor in our overall results of operations and financial condition.


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Risks Related to Our Operations
We may suffer losses as a result of operational risk or technical system failures.
We are subject to certain operational risks, including, but not limited to, data processing system failures and errors, inadequate or failed internal processes, customer or employee fraud and catastrophic failures resulting from terrorist acts or natural disasters.  We depend upon data processing, software, communication, and information exchange on a variety of computing platforms and networks and over the Internet, and we rely on the services of a variety of vendors to meet our data processing and communication needs.  Despite instituted safeguards, we cannot be certain that all of our systems are entirely free from vulnerability to attack or other technological difficulties or failures. Information security risks have increased significantly due to the use of online, telephone, and mobile banking channels by customers and the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists, and other external parties. Our technologies, systems, networks and our customers’ devices have been or are likely to continue to be the target of cyber-attacks, computer viruses, malicious code, phishing attacks or attempted information security breaches that could result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss or destruction of our customers’ confidential, proprietary, and other information, the theft of customer assets through fraudulent transactions or disruption of our or our customers’ or other third parties’ business operations. If information security is breached or other technology difficulties or failures occur, information may be lost or misappropriated, services and operations may be interrupted and we could be exposed to claims from customers. While we maintain a system of internal controls and procedures, any of these results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

We rely on other companies to provide key components of our business infrastructure.
Third party vendors provide key components of our business infrastructure such as Internet connections, network access and core application processing. While we have selected these third party vendors carefully, we do not control their actions. Any problems caused by these third parties, including as a result of their not providing us their services for any reason or their performing their services poorly, could adversely affect our ability to deliver products and services to our customers or otherwise conduct our business efficiently and effectively. Replacing these third party vendors could also entail significant delay and expense.

We may not be able to compete effectively against larger financial institutions in our increasingly competitive industry.
We compete with larger bank and non-bank financial institutions for loans and deposits in the communities we serve, and we may face even greater competition in the future due to legislative, regulatory and technological changes and continued consolidation.  Many of our competitors have significantly greater resources and lending limits than we have.  Banks and other financial services firms can merge under the umbrella of a financial holding company, which can offer virtually any type of financial service.  In addition, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for non-banks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automated transfer and automatic payment systems.  Many competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures than we do.  Additionally, due to their size, many competitors may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing for those products and services than we can.  Our long-term success depends on the ability of Washington Trust to compete successfully with other financial institutions in Washington Trust’s service areas.

We may be unable to attract and retain key personnel.
Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to attract and retain key personnel.  Competition for qualified personnel in the financial services industry can be intense and we may not be able to hire or retain the key personnel that we depend upon for success.  The unexpected loss of services of one or more of our key personnel could have a material adverse impact on our business because of their skills, knowledge of the markets in which we operate, years of industry experience and the difficulty of promptly finding qualified replacement personnel.

Damage to our reputation could significantly harm our business, including our competitive position and business prospects.
We are dependent on our reputation within our market area, as a trusted and responsible financial company, for all aspects of our business with customers, employees, vendors, third-party service providers, and others, with whom we conduct business or potential future businesses. Our ability to attract and retain customers and employees could be adversely affected if our reputation is damaged. Our actual or perceived failure to address various issues could give rise to reputational risk that could cause harm to us and our business prospects. These issues also include, but are not limited to, legal and regulatory requirements; properly maintaining customer and employee personal information; record keeping; money-


-22-

laundering; sales and trading practices; ethical issues; appropriately addressing potential conflicts of interest; and the proper identification of the legal, reputational, credit, liquidity and market risks inherent in our products. Failure to appropriately address any of these issues could also give rise to additional regulatory restrictions and legal risks, which could, among other consequences, increase the size and number of litigation claims and damages asserted or subject us to enforcement actions, fines and penalties and cause us to incur related costs and expenses. Furthermore, any damage to our reputation could affect our ability to retain and develop the business relationships necessary to conduct business, which in turn could negatively impact our financial condition, results of operations, and the market price of our common stock.

We face significant legal risks, both from regulatory investigations and proceedings and from private actions brought against us.
From time to time we are named as a defendant or are otherwise involved in various legal proceedings, including class actions and other litigation or disputes with third parties. There is no assurance that litigation with private parties will not increase in the future. Actions currently pending against us may result in judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other results adverse to us, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, or cause serious reputational harm to us. As a participant in the financial services industry, it is likely that we will continue to experience litigation related to our businesses and operations.

Our businesses and operations are also subject to increasing regulatory oversight and scrutiny, which may lead to additional regulatory investigations or enforcement actions. These and other initiatives from federal and state officials may subject us to further judgments, settlements, fines or penalties, or cause us to be required to restructure our operations and activities, all of which could lead to reputational issues, or higher operational costs, thereby reducing our revenue.

We may incur fines, penalties and other negative consequences from regulatory violations, possibly even inadvertent or unintentional violations.
We maintain systems and procedures designed to ensure that we comply with applicable laws and regulations. However, some legal/regulatory frameworks provide for the imposition of fines or penalties for noncompliance even though the noncompliance was inadvertent or unintentional and even though there was in place at the time systems and procedures designed to ensure compliance. For example, we are subject to regulations issued by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) that prohibit financial institutions from participating in the transfer of property belonging to the governments of certain foreign countries and designated nationals of those countries. OFAC may impose penalties for inadvertent or unintentional violations even if reasonable processes are in place to prevent the violations. There may be other negative consequences resulting from a finding of noncompliance, including restrictions on certain activities. Such a finding may also damage our reputation as described below and could restrict the ability of institutional investment managers to invest in our securities.

Risks Related to Liquidity
We are subject to liquidity risk.
Liquidity is the ability to meet cash flow needs on a timely basis at a reasonable cost. Our liquidity is used principally to originate or purchase loans, to repay deposit liabilities and other liabilities when they come due, and to fund operating costs. Customer demand for non-maturity deposits can be difficult to predict. Changes in market interest rates, increased competition within our markets, and other factors may make deposit gathering more difficult. Disruptions in the capital markets or interest rate changes may make the terms of wholesale funding sources, which include FHLBB advances, brokered certificates of deposit, federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements, less favorable and may make it difficult to sell securities when needed to provide additional liquidity. As a result, there is a risk that the cost of funding will increase or that we will not have sufficient funds to meet our obligations when they come due.

We are a holding company and depend on The Washington Trust Company for dividends, distributions and other payments.
The Bancorp is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank. The revenue of the Bancorp is derived primarily from dividends paid to it by the Bank. The right of the Bancorp, and consequently the right of shareholders of the Bancorp, to participate in any distribution of the assets or earnings of the Bank, through the payment of such dividends or otherwise, is necessarily subject to the prior claims of creditors of the Bank (including depositors), except to the extent that certain claims of the Bancorp in a creditor capacity may be recognized.



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Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends only when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors. Although we have historically declared cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so and our Board of Directors may reduce or eliminate our common stock dividend in the future. The Federal Reserve and the RI Division of Banking have authority to prohibit bank holding companies from paying dividends if such payment is deemed to be an unsafe or unsound practice. Additionally, the FDIC has the authority to use its enforcement powers to prohibit a bank from paying dividends if, in its opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Further, when the Final Capital Rule comes into effect our ability to pay dividends would be restricted if we do not maintain a capital conservation buffer. A reduction or elimination of dividends could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. See Item, “Business-Supervision and Regulation-Dividend Restrictions” and “Business-Supervision and Regulation-Regulatory Capital Requirements.”

Risks Related to Accounting and Accounting Standards
If we are required to write-down goodwill recorded in connection with our acquisitions, our profitability would be negatively impacted.
Applicable accounting standards require us to use the purchase method of accounting for all business combinations.  Under purchase accounting, if the purchase price of an acquired company exceeds the fair value of the company’s net assets, the excess is carried on the acquirer’s balance sheet as goodwill.  At December 31, 2013, we had $58.1 million of goodwill on our balance sheet.  Goodwill must be evaluated for impairment at least annually.  Write-downs of the amount of any impairment, if necessary, are to be charged to the results of operations in the period in which the impairment occurs.  There can be no assurance that future evaluations of goodwill will not result in findings of impairment and related write-downs, which would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in accounting standards are difficult to predict and can materially impact our financial statements.
Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental to how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or regulatory authorities change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in our restating prior period financial statements.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Our common stock is not insured by any governmental entity.
Our common stock is not a deposit account or other obligation of any bank and is not insured by the FDIC or any other governmental entity.

The market price and trading volume of our stock can be volatile.
The price of our common stock can fluctuate widely in response to a variety of factors. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly. Some of the factors that could cause fluctuations or declines in the price of our common stock include, but are not limited to, actual or anticipated variations in reported operating results, recommendations by securities analysts, the level of trading activity in our common stock, new services or delivery systems offered by competitors, business combinations involving our competitors, operating and stock price performance of companies that investors deem to be comparable to Washington Trust, news reports relating to trends or developments in the credit, mortgage and housing markets as well as the financial services industry, and changes in government regulations.

We may need to raise additional capital in the future and such capital may not be available when needed.
As a bank holding company, we are required by regulatory authorities to maintain adequate levels of capital to support our operations. We may need to raise additional capital in the future to provide us with sufficient capital resources and liquidity to meet our commitments and business needs.  Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on, among other things, conditions in the capital markets at that time, which are outside of our control, and our financial performance.  We cannot assure you that such capital will be available to us on acceptable terms or at all.  Our inability to raise sufficient additional capital on acceptable terms when needed could subject us to certain activity restrictions or to a variety of enforcement remedies available to the regulatory authorities, including limitations on our ability to pay


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dividends or pursue acquisitions, the issuance by regulatory authorities of a capital directive to increase capital and the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC.

Certain provisions of our articles of incorporation may have an anti-takeover effect.
Provisions of our articles of incorporation and regulations and federal banking laws, including regulatory approval requirements, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so would be perceived to be beneficial to our shareholders. The combination of these provisions may inhibit a non-negotiated merger or other business combination, which, in turn, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

ITEM 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.

ITEM 2.  Properties.
Washington Trust is headquartered at 23 Broad Street, Westerly, Rhode Island. As of December 31, 2013, the Bank has ten branch offices located in southern Rhode Island (Washington County), seven branch offices located in the greater Providence area in Rhode Island and a branch office located in southeastern Connecticut. In addition, Washington Trust has a commercial lending office located in the financial district of Providence, Rhode Island and six residential mortgage lending offices that are located in eastern Massachusetts (Sharon, Burlington and Braintree), in Glastonbury and Stamford Connecticut and in Warwick, Rhode Island.  Washington Trust also provides wealth management services from its offices located in Westerly, Narragansett and Providence, Rhode Island, and Wellesley, Massachusetts.  Washington Trust has two operations facilities and a corporate office located in Westerly, Rhode Island, as well as an additional corporate office located in East Greenwich, Rhode Island.

At December 31, 2013, nine of the Corporation’s facilities were owned, twenty-two were leased and one branch office was owned on leased land.  Lease expiration dates range from five months to twenty-five years with renewal options on certain leases of six months to twenty-five years.  All of the Corporation’s properties are considered to be in good condition and adequate for the purpose for which they are used.

In addition to the locations mentioned above, the Bank has two owned offsite-ATMs in leased spaces.  The terms of one of these leases are negotiated annually.  The lease term for the second offsite-ATM expires in seven years with no renewal option.

The Bank also operates ATMs that are branded with the Bank’s logo under contracts with a third party vendor located in retail stores and other locations primarily in Rhode Island and to a lesser extent in southeastern Connecticut.

For additional information regarding premises and equipment and lease obligations see Notes 7 and 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 3.  Legal Proceedings.
The Corporation is involved in various claims and legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business.  Management is of the opinion, based on its review with counsel of the development of such matters to date, that the ultimate disposition of such other matters will not materially affect the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Corporation.

ITEM 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.



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PART II

ITEM 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
The Bancorp’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select® Market under the symbol WASH.

The following table summarizes quarterly high and low stock price ranges, the end of quarter closing price and dividends paid per share for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012:
 
Quarters
2013
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
Stock prices:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High
$28.00
 
$29.08
 
$33.09
 
$38.05
Low
25.53
 
25.71
 
28.33
 
30.49
Close
27.38
 
28.52
 
31.43
 
37.22
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividend declared per share
$0.25
 
$0.25
 
$0.26
 
$0.27

 
Quarters
2012
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
Stock prices:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
High
$26.76
 
$24.74
 
$27.75
 
$27.46
Low
23.01
 
22.53
 
23.85
 
23.50
Close
24.14
 
24.38
 
26.27
 
26.31
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividend declared per share
$0.23
 
$0.23
 
$0.24
 
$0.24

At February 28, 2014, there were 1,770 holders of record of the Bancorp’s common stock.

The Bancorp will continue to review future common stock dividends based on profitability, financial resources and economic conditions.  The Bancorp (including the Bank prior to 1984) has recorded consecutive quarterly dividends for over 100 years.

The Bancorp’s primary source of funds for dividends paid to shareholders is the receipt of dividends from the Bank.  A discussion of the restrictions on the advance of funds or payment of dividends by the Bank to the Bancorp is included in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

See additional disclosures on Equity Compensation Plan Information in Part III, Item 12 “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.” The Bancorp did not repurchase any shares during the fourth quarter of 2013.



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Stock Performance Graph
Set forth below is a line graph comparing the cumulative total shareholder return on the Corporation’s common stock against the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Bank Stocks index and the NASDAQ Stock Market (U.S.) for the five years ended December 31.  The historical information set forth below is not necessarily indicative of future performance.

The results presented assume that the value of the Corporation’s common stock and each index was $100.00 on December 31, 2008.  The total return assumes reinvestment of dividends.


For the period ending December 31,
2008

 
2009

 
2010

 
2011

 
2012

 
2013

Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc.

$100.00

 

$82.81

 

$121.38

 

$137.66

 

$157.56

 

$230.43

NASDAQ Bank Stocks

$100.00

 

$83.70

 

$95.55

 

$85.52

 

$101.50

 

$143.84

NASDAQ Stock Market (U.S.)

$100.00

 

$145.36

 

$171.74

 

$170.38

 

$200.63

 

$281.22




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ITEM 6.  Selected Financial Data.
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below does not purport to be complete and should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the more detailed information including the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes, and the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year classification.
Selected Financial Data
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
At or for the years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Financial Results:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income

$116,348

 

$121,061

 

$121,346

 

$123,254

 

$129,630

Interest expense
24,563

 
30,365

 
36,391

 
46,063

 
63,738

Net interest income
91,785

 
90,696

 
84,955

 
77,191

 
65,892

Provision for loan losses
2,400

 
2,700

 
4,700

 
6,000

 
8,500

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
89,385

 
87,996

 
80,255

 
71,191

 
57,392

Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net realized gains on sales of securities
—

 
1,223

 
698

 
729

 
314

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities
(3,489
)
 
(221
)
 
(191
)
 
(417
)
 
(3,137
)
Other noninterest income
65,569

 
64,212

 
52,257

 
48,161

 
45,476

Total noninterest income
62,080

 
65,214

 
52,764

 
48,473

 
42,653

Noninterest expense
98,785

 
102,338

 
90,373

 
85,311

 
77,603

Income before income taxes
52,680

 
50,872

 
42,646

 
34,353

 
22,442

Income tax expense
16,527

 
15,798

 
12,922

 
10,302

 
6,346

Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

 

$24,051

 

$16,096

Per share information ($):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
2.18

 
2.13

 
1.82

 
1.49

 
1.01

Diluted
2.16

 
2.13

 
1.82

 
1.49

 
1.00

Cash dividends declared  (1)
1.03

 
0.94

 
0.88

 
0.84

 
0.84

Book value
19.84

 
18.05

 
17.27

 
16.63

 
15.89

Market value - closing stock price
37.22

 
26.31

 
23.86

 
21.88

 
15.58

Performance Ratios (%):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on average assets
1.17

 
1.16

 
1.02

 
0.82

 
0.55

Return on average shareholders’ equity
11.65

 
11.97

 
10.61

 
9.09

 
6.56

Average equity to average total assets
10.34

 
9.65

 
9.57

 
9.08

 
8.40

Dividend payout ratio  (2)
47.69

 
44.13

 
48.35

 
56.38

 
84.00

Asset Quality Ratios (%):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total past due loans to total loans
0.89

 
1.22

 
1.22

 
1.27

 
1.64

Nonperforming loans to total loans
0.74

 
0.98

 
0.99

 
0.93

 
1.43

Nonperforming assets to total assets
0.62

 
0.83

 
0.81

 
0.79

 
1.06

Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans
152.37

 
136.95

 
140.33

 
154.42

 
99.75

Allowance for loan losses to total loans
1.13

 
1.35

 
1.39

 
1.43

 
1.43

Net charge-offs to average loans
0.23

 
0.07

 
0.17

 
0.24

 
0.25

Capital Ratios (%):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tier 1 leverage capital ratio
9.41

 
9.30

 
8.70

 
8.25

 
7.82

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
12.12

 
12.01

 
11.61

 
11.53

 
11.14

Total risk-based capital ratio
13.29

 
13.26

 
12.86

 
12.79

 
12.40

____________
(1)
Represents historical per share dividends declared by the Bancorp.
(2)
Represents the ratio of historical per share dividends declared by the Bancorp to diluted earnings per share.


-28-


Selected Financial Data
(Dollars in thousands)
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

$85,317

 

$92,650

 

$87,020

 

$92,736

 

$57,260

Total securities
422,808

 
415,879

 
593,392

 
594,100

 
691,484

FHLBB stock
37,730

 
40,418

 
42,008

 
42,008

 
42,008

Loans:
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial and other
1,363,335

 
1,252,419

 
1,124,628

 
1,027,065

 
984,550

Residential real estate
772,674

 
717,681

 
700,414

 
645,020

 
605,575

Consumer
326,875

 
323,903

 
322,117

 
323,553

 
329,543

Total loans
2,462,884

 
2,294,003

 
2,147,159

 
1,995,638

 
1,919,668

Less allowance for loan losses
27,886

 
30,873

 
29,802

 
28,583

 
27,400

Net loans
2,434,998

 
2,263,130

 
2,117,357

 
1,967,055

 
1,892,268

Investment in bank-owned life insurance
56,673

 
54,823

 
53,783

 
51,844

 
44,957

Goodwill and other intangibles
63,607

 
64,287

 
65,015

 
65,966

 
67,057

Other assets
87,734

 
140,697

 
105,523

 
95,816

 
89,439

Total assets

$3,188,867

 

$3,071,884

 

$3,064,098

 

$2,909,525

 

$2,884,473

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits

$440,785

 

$379,889

 

$339,809

 

$228,437

 

$194,046

NOW accounts
309,771

 
291,174

 
257,031

 
241,974

 
202,367

Money market accounts
666,646

 
496,402

 
406,777

 
396,455

 
403,333

Savings accounts
297,357

 
274,934

 
243,904

 
220,888

 
191,580

Time deposits
790,762

 
870,232

 
878,794

 
948,576

 
931,684

Total deposits
2,505,321

 
2,312,631

 
2,126,315

 
2,036,330

 
1,923,010

FHLBB advances
288,082

 
361,172

 
540,450

 
498,722

 
607,328

Junior subordinated debentures
22,681

 
32,991

 
32,991

 
32,991

 
32,991

Other borrowings
178

 
1,212

 
19,758

 
23,359

 
21,501

Other liabilities
42,959

 
68,226

 
63,233

 
49,259

 
44,697

Shareholders’ equity
329,646

 
295,652

 
281,351

 
268,864

 
254,946

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$3,188,867

 

$3,071,884

 

$3,064,098

 

$2,909,525

 

$2,884,473

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset Quality:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans

$18,302

 

$22,543

 

$21,237

 

$18,510

 

$27,470

Nonaccrual investment securities
547

 
843

 
887

 
806

 
1,065

Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
932

 
2,047

 
2,647

 
3,644

 
1,974

Total nonperforming assets

$19,781

 

$25,433

 

$24,771

 

$22,960

 

$30,509

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wealth Management Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Market value of assets under administration

$4,781,958

 

$4,199,640

 

$3,900,061

 

$3,967,207

 

$3,735,646



-29-

Selected Quarterly Financial Data
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2013
Q1

 
Q2

 
Q3

 
Q4

 
Year

Interest income

$28,793

 

$28,799

 

$29,390

 

$29,366

 

$116,348

Interest expense
6,326

 
6,390

 
6,002

 
5,845

 
24,563

Net interest income
22,467

 
22,409

 
23,388

 
23,521

 
91,785

Provision for loan losses
600

 
700

 
700

 
400

 
2,400

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
21,867

 
21,709

 
22,688

 
23,121

 
89,385

Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net realized gains on sales of securities
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities
(2,772
)
 
—

 
—

 
(717
)
 
(3,489
)
Other noninterest income
15,938

 
16,394

 
17,400

 
15,837

 
65,569

Total noninterest income
13,166

 
16,394

 
17,400

 
15,120

 
62,080

Noninterest expense
24,184

 
25,005

 
25,548

 
24,048

 
98,785

Income before income taxes
10,849

 
13,098

 
14,540

 
14,193

 
52,680

Income tax expense
3,428

 
4,115

 
4,580

 
4,404

 
16,527

Net income

$7,421

 

$8,983

 

$9,960

 

$9,789

 

$36,153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic
16,401

 
16,454

 
16,563

 
16,602

 
16,506

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
16,449

 
16,581

 
16,696

 
16,770

 
16,664

Per share information:
Basic earnings per common share

$0.45

 

$0.54

 

$0.60

 

$0.59

 

$2.18

 
Diluted earnings per common share

$0.45

 

$0.54

 

$0.59

 

$0.58

 

$2.16

 
Cash dividends declared per share

$0.25

 

$0.25

 

$0.26

 

$0.27

 

$1.03


Selected Quarterly Financial Data
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2012
Q1

 
Q2

 
Q3

 
Q4

 
Year

Interest income

$30,530

 

$30,190

 

$30,251

 

$30,090

 

$121,061

Interest expense
8,145

 
7,779

 
7,515

 
6,926

 
30,365

Net interest income
22,385

 
22,411

 
22,736

 
23,164

 
90,696

Provision for loan losses
900

 
600

 
600

 
600

 
2,700

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
21,485

 
21,811

 
22,136

 
22,564

 
87,996

Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net realized gains on sales of securities
—

 
299

 
—

 
924

 
1,223

Net other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities
(209
)
 
—

 
—

 
(12
)
 
(221
)
Other noninterest income
14,441

 
15,875

 
16,921

 
16,975

 
64,212

Total noninterest income
14,232

 
16,174

 
16,921

 
17,887

 
65,214

Noninterest expense
23,399

 
25,228

 
26,290

 
27,421

 
102,338

Income before income taxes
12,318

 
12,757

 
12,767

 
13,030

 
50,872

Income tax expense
3,880

 
4,044

 
3,867

 
4,007

 
15,798

Net income

$8,438

 

$8,713

 

$8,900

 

$9,023

 

$35,074

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic
16,330

 
16,358

 
16,366

 
16,376

 
16,358

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
16,370

 
16,392

 
16,414

 
16,425

 
16,401

Per share information:
Basic earnings per common share

$0.51

 

$0.53

 

$0.54

 

$0.55

 

$2.13

 
Diluted earnings per common share

$0.51

 

$0.53

 

$0.54

 

$0.55

 

$2.13

 
Cash dividends declared per share

$0.23

 

$0.23

 

$0.24

 

$0.24

 

$0.94




-30-

ITEM 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The following analysis is intended to provide the reader with a further understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation for the periods shown.  For a full understanding of this analysis, it should be read in conjunction with other sections of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including Part I, “Item 1. Business”, Part II, “Item 6. Selected Financial Data” and Part II, “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains statements that are “forward-looking statements.”  We may also make written or oral forward-looking statements in other documents we file with the SEC, in our annual reports to shareholders, in press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by our officers, directors or employees.  You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume,” “outlook,” “will,” “should,” and other expressions that predict or indicate future events and trends and which do not relate to historical matters.  You should not rely on forward-looking statements, because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond the control of the Corporation.  These risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Corporation to be materially different from the anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Some of the factors that might cause these differences include the following: continued weakness in national, regional or international economic conditions or conditions affecting the banking or financial services industries or financial capital markets; volatility in national and international financial markets; additional government intervention in the U.S. financial system; reductions in net interest income resulting from interest rate volatility as well as changes in the balance and mix of loans and deposits; reductions in the market value of wealth management assets under administration; changes in the value of securities and other assets; reductions in loan demand; changes in loan collectibility, default and charge-off rates; changes in the size and nature of the Corporation’s competition; changes in legislation or regulation and accounting principles, policies and guidelines, and changes in the assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements.  In addition, the factors described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K may result in these differences.  You should carefully review all of these factors, and you should be aware that there may be other factors that could cause these differences.  These forward-looking statements were based on information, plans and estimates at the date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events or other changes.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Accounting policies involving significant judgments, estimates and assumptions by management, which have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and impact income are considered critical accounting policies.  The Corporation considers the following to be its critical accounting policies: allowance for loan losses, review of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment and assessment of investment securities for impairment.

Allowance for Loan Losses
Determining an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment.  The Corporation uses a methodology to systematically measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses.  The methodology includes three elements:

(1)
Loss allocations are identified for individual loans deemed to be impaired in accordance with GAAP.  Impaired loans are loans for which it is probable that the Bank will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements and all loans restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  Impaired loans do not include large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, which consist of most residential mortgage loans and consumer loans.  Impairment is measured on a discounted cash flow method based upon the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price, or if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell.  For collateral dependent loans, management may adjust appraised values to reflect estimated market value declines or apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of circumstances associated with the property.



-31-

(2)
Loss allocation factors are used for non-impaired loans based on credit grade, loss experience, delinquency factors and other similar credit quality indicators.

Individual commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans not deemed to be impaired are evaluated using an internal rating system and the application of loss allocation factors.  The loan rating system is described under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators” in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  The loan rating system and the related loss allocation factors take into consideration parameters including the borrower’s financial condition, the borrower’s performance with respect to loan terms, and the adequacy of collateral.  We periodically reassess and revise the loss allocation factors used in the assignment of loss exposure to appropriately reflect our analysis of migrational loss experience.  We analyze historical loss experience over periods deemed to be relevant to the inherent risk of loss in the commercial loans and commercial mortgage loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date.  We adjust loss allocations for various factors we believe are not adequately presented in historical loss experience, including trends in real estate values, trends in rental rates on commercial real estate, consideration of general economic conditions and our assessments of credit risk associated with certain industries and an ongoing trend toward larger credit relationships.

Portfolios of more homogeneous populations of loans, including the various categories of residential mortgages and consumer loans are analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency ratios and other indicators and our historical loss experience for each type of credit product.  We analyze historical loss experience over periods deemed to be relevant to the inherent risk of loss in residential mortgage and consumer loan portfolios as of the balance sheet date.  We periodically update these analyses and adjust the loss allocations for various factors that we believe are not adequately presented in historical loss experience including trends in real estate values, changes in unemployment levels and increases in delinquency levels.  These factors are also evaluated taking into account the geographic location of the underlying loans.

Revisions to loss allocation factors are not retroactively applied.

(3)
An additional unallocated allowance is maintained to allow for measurement imprecision attributable to uncertainty in the economic environment and ever changing conditions and to reflect management’s consideration of qualitative and quantitative assessments of other environmental factors, including, but not limited to, conditions that may affect the collateral position, such as environmental matters and regulatory changes affecting the foreclosure process, as well as conditions that may affect the ability of borrowers to meet debt service requirements.

Because the methodology is based upon historical experience and trends, current economic data as well as management’s judgment, factors may arise that result in different estimations.  Significant factors that could give rise to changes in these estimates may include, but are not limited to, changes in economic conditions in our market area, concentration of risk and declines in local property values.  Adversely different conditions or assumptions could lead to increases in the allowance.  In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the allowance for loans losses.  Such agencies may require additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.  As of December 31, 2013, management believes that the allowance is adequate and consistent with asset quality and delinquency indicators.

Review of Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets for Impairment
The Corporation allocated the cost of an acquired entity to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.  Other intangible assets identified in acquisitions consist of advisory contracts.  The value attributed to the advisory contracts was based on the time period over which they are expected to generate economic benefits.

The excess of the purchase price for acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, was recorded as goodwill.  Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, defined as the segment level, at least annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more-likely-than-not that an impairment loss has occurred.  In assessing impairment, the Corporation has the option to perform a qualitative analysis to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying


-32-

amount. If, after assessing the totality of such events or circumstances, we determine it is not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then we would not be required to perform a two-step impairment test. The Corporation has not opted to perform this qualitative analysis. Goodwill was tested for impairment using the two-step quantitative impairment analysis described below.

The first step (“Step 1”) of the quantitative impairment analysis requires a comparison of each reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value to identify potential impairment. The second step (“Step 2”) of the analysis is necessary only if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Step 2 is a more detailed analysis, which involves measuring the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit, as determined in Step 1, over the aggregate fair value of the individual assets, liabilities, and identifiable intangibles as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment. This judgment includes, but may not be limited to, the selection of appropriate discount rates, the identification of relevant market comparables and the development of cash flow projections. The selection and weighting of the various fair value techniques may result in a higher or lower fair value. Judgment is applied in determining the weightings that are most representative of fair value.

Washington Trust has two reporting units: the commercial banking segment and the wealth management services segment. For both segments of the Corporation, goodwill was assessed for impairment in 2013 by performing a discounted cash flow analysis (“income approach”) and utilizing estimates of selected market information (“market approach”).  The income approach measures the fair value of an interest in a business by discounting expected future cash flows to a present value.  The market approach takes into consideration fair values of comparable companies operating in similar lines of business that are potentially subject to similar economic and environmental factors and could be considered reasonable investment alternatives.  The results of the income approach and the market approach were weighted equally.  Step 1 results of the 2013 impairment analysis indicated that the fair value significantly exceeded the carrying value for both reporting units.

Other intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  If applicable, the Corporation tests each of the intangibles by comparing the carrying value of the intangible asset to the sum of undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.  If the carrying amount of the asset exceeded its undiscounted cash flows, then an impairment loss would be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

The fair value of the intangible asset associated with our wealth management advisory contracts was estimated using valuation techniques, based on discounted cash flow analysis.  This intangible asset is being amortized over the period the asset is expected to contribute to the cash flows of the Corporation, which reflects the expected pattern of benefit.  Wealth management assets under administration were analyzed to determine if there had been a reduction since acquisition that could have indicated possible impairment of the advisory contracts.  Impairment would be recognized if the carrying value exceeded the sum of the undiscounted expected future cash flows from the intangible assets.  Impairment would result in a write-down to the estimated fair value based on the anticipated discounted future cash flows.  The remaining useful life of the intangible asset that is being amortized was also evaluated to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization.

The Corporation makes certain estimates and assumptions that affect the determination of the expected future cash flows from the advisory contracts.  These estimates and assumptions include account attrition, market appreciation for wealth management assets under administration and anticipated fee rates, projected costs and other factors.  Significant changes in these estimates and assumptions could cause a different valuation for the intangible assets.  Changes in the original assumptions could change the amount of the intangible recognized and the resulting amortization.  Subsequent changes in assumptions could result in recognition of impairment of the intangible assets.

These assumptions used in the impairment tests of goodwill and intangible assets are susceptible to change based on changes in economic conditions and other factors.  Any change in the estimates which the Corporation uses to determine the carrying value of the Corporation’s goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, or which otherwise adversely affects their value or estimated lives could adversely affect the Corporation’s results of operations. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.



-33-

Assessment of Investment Securities for Impairment
Securities that the Corporation has the ability and intent to hold until maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are accounted for using historical cost, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount. Securities available for sale are carried at fair value, with any unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in shareholders’ equity.  The fair values of securities may be based on either quoted market prices, third party pricing services or third party valuation specialists. When the fair value of an investment security is less than its amortized cost basis, the Corporation assesses whether the decline in value is other-than-temporary.  The Corporation considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary.  Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for impairment, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in the value subsequent to the reporting date, forecasted performance of the issuer, changes in the dividend or interest payment practices of the issuer, changes in the credit rating of the issuer or the specific security, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry the issuer operates in.

Future adverse changes in market conditions, continued poor operating results of the issuer, projected adverse changes in cash flows which might impact the collection of all principal and interest related to the security, or other factors could result in further losses that may not be reflected in an investment’s current carrying value, possibly requiring an additional impairment charge in the future.

In determining whether an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred for debt securities, the Corporation compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost of the security.  If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost of the security, then the entire amortized cost of the security will not be recovered; that is, a credit loss exists, and an other-than-temporary impairment shall be considered to have occurred.

When an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings for a debt security depends on whether the Corporation intends to sell the security or more-likely-than-not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost less any current period credit loss.  If the Corporation intends to sell the security or more-likely-than-not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost, the other-than-temporary impairment shall be recognized in earnings equal to the entire difference between the amortized cost and fair value of the security.  If the Corporation does not intend to sell or more-likely-than-not will not be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost, the amount of the other-than-temporary impairment related to credit loss shall be recognized in earnings and the noncredit-related portion of the other-than-temporary impairment shall be recognized in other comprehensive income.

Overview
Washington Trust offers a comprehensive product line of banking and financial services to individuals and businesses including commercial, residential and consumer lending, retail and commercial deposit products, and wealth management services through its offices in Rhode Island, eastern Massachusetts and Connecticut; its ATM networks; and its Internet website at www.washtrust.com.

Our largest source of operating income is net interest income, the difference between interest earned on loans and securities and interest paid on deposits and other borrowings.  In addition, we generate noninterest income from a number of sources including wealth management services, loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others, merchant credit card processing and deposit services and bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”).  Our principal noninterest expenses include salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and facility-related costs, merchant processing costs, technology and other administrative expenses.

Our financial results are affected by interest rate volatility, changes in economic and market conditions, competitive conditions within our market area and changes in legislation, regulation and/or accounting principles.  While the regional economic climate has been improving in recent quarters, uncertainty surrounding future economic growth, consumer confidence, credit availability and corporate earnings remains.  Management believes that overall credit quality continues to be affected by weaknesses in national and regional economic conditions, including high unemployment levels, particularly in Rhode Island.



-34-

We believe the Corporation’s financial strength and stability, capital resources and reputation as the largest independent bank headquartered in Rhode Island were key factors in the continued success in 2013. We continued to leverage our strong, statewide brand to build market share in Rhode Island whenever possible and bring select business lines to new markets with high-growth potential while remaining steadfast in our commitment to provide superior service. In the second quarter of 2014, Washington Trust expects to open a new full-service branch in Johnston, Rhode Island, in Providence County. This branch will be the Washington Trust’s nineteenth branch office and its first in Johnston.

Subsequent Event
On March 1, 2014, the Corporation sold its merchant processing service business line to a third party. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $6.3 million; after-tax $4.0 million, or $0.24 per diluted share.  In addition, Washington Trust expects to incur divestiture related costs of approximately $359 thousand; after tax $230 thousand, or $0.01 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2014. The Corporation will also have the opportunity to earn additional referral revenues during the ten-year period following the transaction.

Washington Trust has also entered into transactions in March 2014 involving the prepayment of FHLBB advances totaling approximately $99.3 million, resulting in debt prepayment penalty expense of approximately $6.3 million; after-tax $4.0 million, or $0.24 per diluted share.  The weighted average rate of these FHLBB advances was 3.01% with a weighted average remaining term of thirty-six months. Other wholesale funding in the form of brokered time deposits as well as existing on balance sheet liquidity were utilized as the funding source for the prepayment of these FHLBB advances. The replacement wholesale funding is expected to amount to approximately $80.0 million, with maturities ranging from 2015 through 2019, a weighted average maturity of thirty-five months and an initial weighted average cost of approximately 0.94%.

In 2013, the merchant processing service business line contributed approximately $950 thousand in pre-tax income (after-tax $608 thousand) to Washington Trust’s earnings. The combined impact of the divestiture of this business line and the reduction in interest expense due to the borrowing transactions is expected to result in future ongoing pre-tax income enhancement of approximately $1.1 million in 2014 and $1.3 million in 2015, with continuing benefits in future years.

Opportunities and Risks
A significant portion of the Corporation’s commercial banking and wealth management business is conducted in the Rhode Island and greater southern New England area.  Management recognizes that substantial competition exists in this marketplace and views this as a key business risk.  A substantial portion of the banking industry market share in this region is held by much larger financial institutions with greater resources and larger delivery systems than the Bank.  Market competition also includes the expanded commercial banking presence of credit unions and savings banks.  While these competitive forces will continue to present risk, we have been successful in growing our commercial banking base and wealth management business. Management believes that the breadth of our product line, our size and the continued flight of depositors and borrowers to community banks provide opportunities to compete effectively in our marketplace.

Significant challenges also exist with respect to credit risk, interest rate risk, the condition of the financial markets and related impact on wealth management assets and operational risk.

Credit risk is the risk of loss due to the inability of borrower customers to repay loans or lines of credit.  Credit risk on loans is reviewed below under the heading “Asset Quality.”  Credit risk also exists with respect to debt instrument investment securities, which is reviewed below under the heading “Investment Securities.”

Interest rate risk exists because the repricing frequency and magnitude of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities are not identical.  This risk is reviewed in more detail below under the heading “Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Risk.”

Wealth management service revenues, which represented approximately 21% of total revenues in 2013, are largely dependent on the market value of wealth management assets under administration.  These values may be negatively affected by changes in economic conditions and volatility in the financial markets.



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Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from data processing system failures and errors, inadequate or failed internal processes, customer or employee fraud and catastrophic failures resulting from terrorist acts or natural disasters.  Operational risk is discussed above under Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

For additional factors that could adversely impact Washington Trust’s future results of operations and financial condition, see the section labeled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Composition of Earnings
Comparison of 2013 with 2012
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2013, amounted to $36.2 million, or $2.16 per diluted share, up from $35.1 million, or $2.13 per diluted share, reported for 2012. The returns on average equity and average assets for 2013 were 11.65% and 1.17%, respectively, compared to 11.97% and 1.16%, respectively, for 2012.

The increase in earnings in 2013 largely reflected higher wealth management revenues and increased net interest income, partially offset by a decline in mortgage banking revenues (net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others). The comparison of 2013 earnings to 2012 was also impacted by the following:
•
Other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses of $3.5 million in 2013 and $221 thousand in 2012. See additional disclosure regarding OTTI losses in the section in the section “Financial Condition” under the heading “Securities”.
•
There were no net realized gains on securities in 2013, while there were $1.2 million recognized in 2012.
•
Debt prepayment penalty expense of $1.1 million was recognized in 2013, compared to $3.9 million in 2012.

Net interest income for 2013 increased by $1.1 million, or 1%, over 2012, largely reflecting growth in average loan balances and continued reduction in funding costs. The net interest margin (fully taxable equivalent net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earnings assets) was 3.28% for 2013, down from 3.29% reported for 2012.

The loan loss provision charged to earnings for 2013 amounted to $2.4 million, a decrease of $300 thousand from 2012. Management believes that the level of the provision for loan losses has been consistent with the trends in asset quality and credit quality indicators.

Noninterest income for 2013 decreased by $3.1 million, or 5%, from 2012. Excluding the impact of the OTTI losses and net realized gains on securities mentioned above, noninterest income increased by $1.4 million, or 2%, mainly due to higher wealth management revenues offset, in party, by lower mortgage banking revenues.

For 2013, wealth management revenues totaled $31.8 million, up by $2.2 million, or 7%, over 2012, largely due to an increase of $2.0 million, or 7%, in asset-based revenues.

Net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others (“mortgage banking revenues”) are dependent on mortgage origination volume and are sensitive to interest rates and the condition of the housing markets. Mortgage banking revenues amounted to $13.1 million in 2013, down by $1.0 million, or 7.1%, from 2012 reflecting declines in mortgage loan refinancing and sales activity due to higher market interest rates.

Noninterest expenses for 2013 decreased by $3.6 million, or 4%, from 2012, primarily due a $2.8 million decline in debt prepayment penalty expense.

Income tax expense amounted to $16.5 million for 2013, up by $729 thousand from 2012.  The effective tax rate for 2013 was 31.4%, compared to 31.1% for 2012.

Comparison of 2012 with 2011
Net income for 2012 amounted to $35.1 million, or $2.13 per diluted share, up from $29.7 million, or $1.82 per diluted share, reported for 2011. On a diluted earnings per share basis, 2012 earnings were up by 17% over 2011. The returns on average equity and average assets for 2012 were 11.97% and 1.16%, respectively, compared to 10.61% and 1.02%, respectively, for 2011.



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The increase in profitability over 2011 primarily reflected strong mortgage banking results, higher net interest income, a lower provision for loan losses and higher wealth management revenues, offset, in part, by increases in salaries and employee benefit costs and income taxes. Also included in 2012 and 2011 results were the following items:
•
Balance sheet management transactions were conducted in 2012 and 2011 and were comprised of sales of mortgage-backed securities, prepayment of FHLBB advances and modifications of terms of FHLBB advances.
◦
During 2012, $39.1 million in mortgage-backed securities were sold and $86.2 million in FHLBB advances were prepaid, resulting in $1.1 million of net realized gains on securities and $3.9 million in debt prepayment penalty expense being recognized. Also in 2012, the terms of $113.0 million in FHLBB advances were modified, extending these advances into longer terms with a lower average rate.
◦
During 2011, $9.7 million in mortgage-backed securities were sold and $9.0 million in FHLBB advances were prepaid, resulting in $368 thousand of net realized gains on securities and $694 thousand in debt prepayment penalty expense being recognized. Also in 2011, the terms of $153.8 million in FHLBB advances were modified extending these advances into longer terms with a lower average rate.
•
2012 BOLI income included a non-taxable gain of $528 thousand recognized in the third quarter of 2012, due to the receipt of life insurance proceeds.
•
Charitable contribution expense, which was classified in other expenses, totaled $400 thousand and $990 thousand, respectively, for 2012 and 2011.

Net interest income for 2012 increased by $5.7 million, or 7%, over 2011, largely reflecting the benefit of lower funding costs as well as growth in average loan balances. The net interest margin was 3.29% for 2012, up from 3.20% reported for 2011.

The loan loss provision charged to earnings for 2012 amounted to $2.7 million, a reduction of $2.0 million from 2011. In 2012, net charge-offs totaled $1.6 million, or 0.07% of total average loans, compared to $3.5 million, or 0.17% of average total loans, in 2011.

Noninterest income for 2012 increased by $12.5 million, or 24%, over 2011, primarily reflecting increases in mortgage banking and wealth management revenues.

For 2012, wealth management revenues totaled $29.6 million, up by $1.3 million, or 5%, over 2011.  This included an increase of $620 thousand, or 42%, in transaction-based revenues and an increase of $715 thousand, or 3%, in asset-based revenues. The average balance of wealth management assets for the year 2012 was 2% higher than the average balance for 2011.

Mortgage banking revenues amounted to $14.1 million in 2012, up by $9.0 million from 2011. Residential mortgage origination volume during 2012 reflected strong refinancing activity in response to sustained low market rates of interest, as well as continued origination volume growth in our residential mortgage lending offices.

Noninterest expenses for 2012 increased by $12.0 million, or 13%, over 2011, primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefit costs and the debt prepayment penalties associated with the balance sheet management transactions discussed above. The increase in salaries and employee benefit costs over 2011 reflected higher staffing levels to support growth and higher levels of business development based compensation primarily in mortgage banking, as well as higher defined benefit plan costs primarily due to a lower discount rate in 2012 compared to 2011.

Income tax expense amounted to $15.8 million for 2012, up by $2.9 million from 2011.  The effective tax rate for 2012 was 31.1%, compared to 30.3% for 2011. The increase in the effective tax rate from 2011 reflected a higher proportion of taxable income to pre-tax book income in 2012.

Results of Operations
Segment Reporting
Washington Trust manages its operations through two business segments, Commercial Banking and Wealth Management Services.  Activity not related to the segments, such as investment securities portfolio, wholesale funding, income from BOLI and administrative expenses are not allocated to the business lines are considered Corporate.  The Corporate unit


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also includes the residual impact of methodology allocations such as funds transfer pricing offsets. Methodologies used to allocate income and expenses to business lines are periodically reviewed and revised. See Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure related to business segments.

Comparison of 2013 with 2012
The Commercial Banking segment reported net income of $29.0 million in 2013, an increase of $440 thousand, or 2%, from 2012. Commercial Banking net interest income for 2013 increased modestly by $128 thousand from 2012.  The 2013 provision for loan losses totaled $2.4 million, down by $300 thousand from 2012 and consistent with trends in asset quality and credit quality indicators. Noninterest income derived from the Commercial Banking segment totaled $30.8 million for 2013, down by $958 thousand, or 3.0%, from 2012, largely due to lower mortgage banking revenues. Commercial Banking noninterest expenses for 2013, decreased by $898 thousand, or 1%, from 2012, largely due to a decline in salaries and employee benefit costs.

The Wealth Management Services segment reported 2013 net income of $6.3 million, an increase of $832 thousand, or 15%, from 2012.  Noninterest income derived from the Wealth Management Services segment was $31.8 million in 2013, up by $2.2 million, or 7%, compared to 2012.  This included an increase of $216 thousand, or 10%, in transaction-based revenues and an increase of $2.0 million, or 7%, in asset-based revenues over 2012. The average balance of wealth management assets for the year 2013 was 9% higher than the average balance for 2012. Noninterest expenses for the Wealth Management Services segment totaled $21.8 million for 2013, up by $915 thousand, or 4%, from 2012, largely due to an increase in salaries and employee benefit costs.

Comparison of 2012 with 2011
The Commercial Banking segment reported net income of $28.5 million in 2012, an increase of $5.3 million, or 23%, from 2011. Commercial Banking net interest income for 2012 increased by $3.5 million, or 5%, from 2011, reflecting the benefit of lower funding costs, as well as growth in average loan balances.  The 2012 provision for loan losses was totaled $2.7 million, down by $2.0 million from 2011 based on trends in asset quality and credit quality indicators, as well as the absolute level of loan loss allocation. Noninterest income derived from the Commercial Banking segment totaled $31.7 million for 2012, up by $9.9 million, or 46%, from 2011, primarily due to higher mortgage banking revenues. Commercial Banking noninterest expenses for 2012, increased by $7.3 million, or 13%, over 2011, reflecting increased salaries and employee benefit expenses largely due to higher levels of business development based compensation primarily in mortgage banking, and higher staffing levels to support growth.

The Wealth Management Services segment reported 2012 net income of $5.5 million, an increase of $528 thousand, or 11%, from 2011.  Noninterest income derived from the Wealth Management Services segment was $29.6 million in 2012, up by $1.3 million, or 5%, compared to 2011.  This includes an increase of $620 thousand, or 42%, in transaction-based revenues (financial planning, commissions and other service fees). Asset-based wealth management revenues totaled $27.5 million for 2012, up by $715 thousand, or 3%, over 2011. The average balance of wealth management assets for the year 2012 was 2% higher than the average balance for 2011. Noninterest expenses for the Wealth Management Services segment totaled $20.9 million for 2012, up by $485 thousand, or 2%, from 2011.



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Net Interest Income
Net interest income continues to be the primary source of our operating income.  Net interest income is affected by the level of interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Included in interest income are loan prepayment fees and certain other fees, such as late charges. The following discussion presents net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis by adjusting income and yields on tax-exempt loans and securities to be comparable to taxable loans and securities.  For more information see the section entitled “Average Balances / Net Interest Margin - Fully Taxable Equivalent (FTE) Basis” below.

Comparison of 2013 with 2012
FTE net interest income for 2013 increased by $1.4 million, or 1%, from 2012. The net interest margin decreased by one basis point from 3.29% in 2012 to 3.28% in 2013. Included in net interest income were:
•
Loan prepayment fees and other fee income of $1.2 million and $715 thousand, respectively, for 2013 and 2012.
•
Accelerated amortization of $244 thousand in debt issuance costs, which was classified as interest expense, resulting from the redemption of $10.3 million of our junior subordinated debentures in 2013. There was no such expense incurred in 2012. See additional disclosure regarding the redemption in the section “Source of Funds”.
•
The impact of both these items on the net interest margin for 2013 and 2012 was an increase of four basis points and two basis points, respectively.

In the recent interest rate environment, market yields on new loan originations have been below the average yield of the existing loan portfolio. Due to the combined effect of new loan growth and the runoff of higher yielding loan balances, the yield on total interest-earning assets may continue to decline.

Average interest-earning assets amounted to $2.87 billion for 2013, up by 2% from the average balance in 2012.  Total average loans increased by $146.1 million, or 7%, due to growth in both the commercial and residential real estate loan portfolios.  The yield on total loans for 2013 decreased by 28 basis points from 2012, reflecting the impact of a sustained low interest rate environment on loan yields. The contribution of loan prepayment fees and other fees to the yield on total loans was five basis points and four basis points, respectively, in 2013 and 2012. Total average securities for 2013 decreased by $119.6 million, or 24%, from 2012, due primarily to principal payments received on mortgage-backed securities.  The FTE rate of return on securities for 2013 remained relatively flat compared to the prior year.

Average interest-bearing liabilities for 2013 decreased by $13.2 million, or 1%, from 2012, reflecting decreases in FHLBB advances and time deposits. The average balance of FHLBB advances for 2013 decreased by $144.3 million, or 31%, compared to 2012. See discussion regarding FHLBB advances under the section “Source of Funds.” The weighted average cost of funds for 2013 declined by 24 basis points from 2012, largely due to declines in the rate paid on time deposits.

The average balance of noninterest-bearing demand deposits for 2013 increased by $141.2 million, or 8%, compared to 2012.

Comparison of 2012 with 2011
FTE net interest income for 2012 increased by $5.8 million, or 7%, from 2011. The net interest margin increased by nine basis points from 3.20% in 2011 to 3.29% in 2012. The increase in net interest income and the improvement in the net interest margin were largely due to a reduction in funding costs and growth in average loan balances.

Average interest-earning assets amounted to $2.8 billion for 2012, up by 4% from the average balance in 2011.  Total average loans increased by $165.3 million, or 8%, due to growth in both the commercial and residential real estate loan portfolios.  The yield on total loans for 2012 decreased by 20 basis points from 2011, reflecting the impact of a sustained low interest rate environment on loan yields. The contribution of loan prepayment fees and other fees to the yield on total loans was 4 basis points and 2 basis points, respectively, in 2012 and 2011. Total average securities for 2012 decreased by $67.5 million, or 12%, from 2011, due to principal payments received on mortgage-backed securities not being reinvested and the sales of mortgage-backed securities associated with balance sheet management transactions.  The rate


-39-

of return on securities for 2012 decreased by 23 basis points from the prior year. The decrease in total yield on securities reflects maturities, pay-downs and sales of higher yielding securities.

Average interest-bearing liabilities for 2012 increased by $23.2 million, or 1%, from 2011, reflecting growth in lower-cost deposit balances, partially offset by decreases in time deposits and borrowings. The weighted average cost of funds for 2012 declined by 27 basis points from 2011, due to declines in the rate paid on time deposits and FHLBB advances. The average balance of FHLBB advances for 2012 decreased by $26.3 million, or 5%, compared to 2011. The average rate paid on such advances in 2012 decreased by 48 basis points from 2011, reflecting lower market interest rates on new advances and the benefit of balance sheet management transactions. Total average interest-bearing deposits for 2012 increased by $66.3 million, or 4%, compared to 2011, reflecting growth in lower-cost deposit balances, partially offset by a decrease in time deposits. The average rate paid on interest-bearing deposits for 2012 decreased by 14 basis points compared to 2011, primarily due to declines in the rate paid on time deposits. The average balance of noninterest-bearing demand deposits for 2012 increased by $59.9 million, or 22%, compared to 2011.



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Average Balances / Net Interest Margin - Fully Taxable Equivalent (“FTE”) Basis
The following table presents average balance and interest rate information.  Tax-exempt income is converted to a FTE basis using the statutory federal income tax rate adjusted for applicable state income taxes net of the related federal tax benefit.  For dividends on corporate stocks, the 70% federal dividends received deduction is also used in the calculation of tax equivalency.  Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities and fair value adjustments on mortgage loans held for sale are excluded from the average balance and yield calculations.  Nonaccrual and renegotiated loans, as well as interest earned on these loans (to the extent recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income) are included in amounts presented for loans.
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
(Dollars in thousands)
Average Balance
 
Interest
 
Yield/ Rate
 
Average Balance
 
Interest
 
Yield/ Rate
 
Average Balance
 
Interest
 
Yield/ Rate
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans

$1,286,029

 

$59,387

 
4.62
 

$1,177,268

 

$58,823

 
5.00
 

$1,063,322

 

$55,592

 
5.23
Residential real estate loans, including mortgage loans held for sale
767,450

 
31,752

 
4.14
 
733,178

 
31,974

 
4.36
 
678,697

 
31,447

 
4.63
Consumer loans
323,847

 
12,304

 
3.80
 
320,828

 
12,428

 
3.87
 
324,002

 
12,649

 
3.90
Total loans
2,377,326

 
103,443

 
4.35
 
2,231,274

 
103,225

 
4.63
 
2,066,021

 
99,688

 
4.83
Cash, federal funds sold and short-term investments
72,726

 
158

 
0.22
 
41,359

 
91

 
0.22
 
35,625

 
69

 
0.19
FHLBB stock
38,238

 
148

 
0.39
 
40,713

 
207

 
0.51
 
42,008

 
124

 
0.30
Taxable debt securities
316,440

 
11,008

 
3.48
 
431,024

 
15,359

 
3.56
 
489,210

 
18,704

 
3.82
Nontaxable debt securities
65,708

 
3,889

 
5.92
 
69,838

 
4,115

 
5.89
 
77,634

 
4,555

 
5.87
Corporate stocks
—

 
—

 
—
 
910

 
68

 
7.47
 
2,456

 
177

 
7.21
Total securities
382,148

 
14,897

 
3.90
 
501,772

 
19,542

 
3.89
 
569,300

 
23,436

 
4.12
Total interest-earning assets
2,870,438

 
118,646

 
4.13
 
2,815,118

 
123,065

 
4.37
 
2,712,954

 
123,317

 
4.55
Noninterest-earning assets
208,463

 
 
 
 
 
221,031

 
 
 
 
 
214,214

 
 
 
 
Total assets

$3,078,901

 
 
 
 
 

$3,036,149

 
 
 
 
 

$2,927,168

 
 
 
 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing demand deposits

$4,461

 

$—

 
—
 

$—

 

$—

 
—
 

$—

 

$—

 
—
NOW accounts
291,705

 
183

 
0.06
 
259,595

 
175

 
0.07
 
232,545

 
242

 
0.10
Money market accounts
569,534

 
1,749

 
0.31
 
430,262

 
1,078

 
0.25
 
392,002

 
1,051

 
0.27
Savings accounts
288,892

 
186

 
0.06
 
261,795

 
276

 
0.11
 
229,180

 
286

 
0.12
Time deposits
831,729

 
10,302

 
1.24
 
893,474

 
12,061

 
1.35
 
925,064

 
14,113

 
1.53
FHLBB advances
322,118

 
10,643

 
3.30
 
466,424

 
14,957

 
3.21
 
492,714

 
18,158

 
3.69
Junior subordinated debentures
27,398

 
1,484

 
5.42
 
32,991

 
1,570

 
4.76
 
32,991

 
1,568

 
4.75
Other
581

 
16

 
2.75
 
5,093

 
248

 
4.87
 
21,891

 
973

 
4.44
Total interest-bearing liabilities
2,336,418

 
24,563

 
1.05
 
2,349,634

 
30,365

 
1.29
 
2,326,387

 
36,391

 
1.56
Demand deposits
384,323

 
 
 
 
 
338,046

 
 
 
 
 
278,120

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
47,961

 
 
 
 
 
55,382

 
 
 
 
 
42,554

 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
310,199

 
 
 
 
 
293,087

 
 
 
 
 
280,107

 
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$3,078,901

 
 
 
 
 

$3,036,149

 
 
 
 
 

$2,927,168

 
 
 
 
Net interest income
 
 

$94,083

 
 
 
 
 

$92,700

 
 
 
 
 

$86,926

 
 
Interest rate spread
 
 
 
 
3.08
 
 
 
 
 
3.08
 
 
 
 
 
2.99
Net interest margin
 
 
 
 
3.28
 
 
 
 
 
3.29
 
 
 
 
 
3.20


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Interest income amounts presented in the preceding table include the following adjustments for taxable equivalency for the years indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Commercial loans

$962

 

$569

 

$369

Nontaxable debt securities
1,336

 
1,416

 
1,553

Corporate stocks
—

 
19

 
49

Total

$2,298

 

$2,004

 

$1,971


Volume/Rate Analysis - Interest Income and Expense (FTE Basis)
The following table presents certain information on a FTE basis regarding changes in our interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated.  The net change attributable to both volume and rate has been allocated proportionately.
(Dollars in thousands)
2013/2012
 
2012/2011
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Net Change
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Net Change
Interest on interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans

$5,218

 

($4,654
)
 

$564

 

$5,759

 

($2,528
)
 

$3,231

Residential real estate loans, including mortgage loans held for sale
1,445

 
(1,667
)
 
(222
)
 
2,428

 
(1,901
)
 
527

Consumer loans
111

 
(235
)
 
(124
)
 
(124
)
 
(97
)
 
(221
)
Cash, federal funds sold and short-term investments
67

 
—

 
67

 
11

 
11

 
22

FHLBB stock
(12
)
 
(47
)
 
(59
)
 
(4
)
 
87

 
83

Taxable debt securities
(4,012
)
 
(339
)
 
(4,351
)
 
(2,127
)
 
(1,217
)
 
(3,344
)
Nontaxable debt securities
(247
)
 
21

 
(226
)
 
(456
)
 
16

 
(440
)
Corporate stocks
(34
)
 
(34
)
 
(68
)
 
(115
)
 
5

 
(110
)
Total interest income
2,536

 
(6,955
)
 
(4,419
)
 
5,372

 
(5,624
)
 
(252
)
Interest on interest-bearing liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOW accounts
28

 
(20
)
 
8

 
20

 
(87
)
 
(67
)
Money market accounts
385

 
286

 
671

 
104

 
(77
)
 
27

Savings accounts
32

 
(122
)
 
(90
)
 
23

 
(33
)
 
(10
)
Time deposits
(807
)
 
(952
)
 
(1,759
)
 
(462
)
 
(1,590
)
 
(2,052
)
FHLBB advances
(4,724
)
 
411

 
(4,313
)
 
(931
)
 
(2,270
)
 
(3,201
)
Junior subordinated debentures
(287
)
 
201

 
(86
)
 
—

 
2

 
2

Other
(156
)
 
(77
)
 
(233
)
 
(811
)
 
86

 
(725
)
Total interest expense
(5,529
)
 
(273
)
 
(5,802
)
 
(2,057
)
 
(3,969
)
 
(6,026
)
Net interest income

$8,065

 

($6,682
)
 

$1,383

 

$7,429

 

($1,655
)
 

$5,774


Provision and Allowance for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses is based on management’s periodic assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses which, in turn, is based on such interrelated factors as the composition of the loan portfolio and its inherent risk characteristics, the level of nonperforming loans and net charge-offs, both current and historic, local economic and credit conditions, the direction of real estate values, and regulatory guidelines.  The provision for loan losses is charged against earnings in order to maintain an allowance for loan losses that reflects management’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date.

Based on our analysis of trends in asset quality and credit quality indicators, the provision for loan losses charged to earnings amounted to $2.4 million in 2013, compared to $2.7 million in 2012 and $4.7 million in 2011. Net charge-offs were $5.4 million, or 0.23% of average loans, in 2013 and included a $4.0 million charge-off recognized in the second


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quarter on one commercial mortgage loan. Net charge-offs were $1.6 million, or 0.07% of average loans, in 2012 and $3.5 million, or 0.17% of average loans, in 2011.

The allowance for loan losses was $27.9 million, or 1.13% of total loans, at December 31, 2013, compared to $30.9 million, or 1.35% of total loans, at December 31, 2012.  The decline reflects charge-offs, a decrease in specific reserves on impaired loans and a decrease in estimated loss exposure on loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as evidenced by improvement in commercial loan portfolio credit quality indicators. See additional discussion under the caption “Asset Quality” for further information on the Allowance for Loan Losses.

Noninterest Income
Noninterest income is an important source of revenue for Washington Trust.  The principal categories of noninterest income are shown in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
2013/2012
 
2012/2011
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
Change
 
Change
 
2013
2012
2011
 
$
%
 
$
%
Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wealth management revenues

$31,825


$29,641


$28,306

 

$2,184

7
 %
 

$1,335

5
 %
Service charges on deposit accounts
3,256

3,193

3,455

 
63

2

 
(262
)
(8
)
Merchant processing fees
10,220

10,159

9,905

 
61

1

 
254

3

Card interchange fees
2,788

2,480

2,249

 
308

12

 
231

10

Income from bank-owned life insurance
1,850

2,448

1,939

 
(598
)
(24
)
 
509

26

Net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others
13,085

14,092

5,074

 
(1,007
)
(7
)
 
9,018

178

Net realized gains on securities
—

1,223

698

 
(1,223
)
(100
)
 
525

75

Net gains on interest rate swap contracts
951

255

6

 
696

273

 
249

4,150

Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
(107
)
196

(213
)
 
(303
)
(155
)
 
409

192

Other income
1,701

1,748

1,536

 
(47
)
(3
)
 
212

14

Noninterest income, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses
65,569

65,435

52,955

 
134

—

 
12,480

24

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities
(294
)
(28
)
(54
)
 
(266
)
(950
)
 
26

48

Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (before taxes)
(3,195
)
(193
)
(137
)
 
(3,002
)
(1,555
)
 
(56
)
(41
)
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
(3,489
)
(221
)
(191
)
 
(3,268
)
(1,479
)
 
(30
)
(16
)
Total noninterest income

$62,080


$65,214


$52,764

 

($3,134
)
(5
)%
 

$12,450

24
 %

Comparison of 2013 with 2012
Revenue from wealth management services is our largest source of noninterest income. A substantial portion of wealth management revenues is largely dependent on the value of wealth management assets under administration and is closely tied to the performance of the financial markets. This portion of wealth management revenues is referred to as “asset-based” and includes trust and investment management fees and mutual fund fees. Wealth management revenues also include “transaction-based” revenues, such as financial planning, commissions and other service fees that are not primarily derived from the value of assets.



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The categories of wealth management revenues are shown in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
2013/2012
 
2012/2011
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
Change
 
Change
 
2013
2012
2011
 
$
%
 
$
%
Wealth management revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trust and investment management fees

$25,224


$23,465


$22,532

 

$1,759

7
%
 

$933

4
 %
Mutual fund fees
4,278

4,069

4,287

 
209

5

 
(218
)
(5
)
Asset-based revenues
29,502

27,534

26,819

 
1,968

7

 
715

3

Transaction-based revenues
2,323

2,107

1,487

 
216

10

 
620

42

Total wealth management revenues

$31,825


$29,641


$28,306

 

$2,184

7
%
 

$1,335

5
 %

The following table presents the changes in wealth management assets under administration for the years indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Balance at the beginning of year

$4,199,640

 

$3,900,061

 

$3,967,207

Net investment appreciation (depreciation) & income
632,681

 
315,799

 
(12,324
)
Net client cash flows
(50,363
)
 
(16,220
)
 
(47,412
)
Other (1)
—

 
—

 
(7,410
)
Balance at the end of year

$4,781,958

 

$4,199,640

 

$3,900,061

(1)
Represents declassifications of largely low-fee paying assets from assets under administration due to a change in the scope and/or frequency of services provided by Washington Trust. The impact of this change on wealth management revenues was minimal.

Wealth management revenues for 2013 were $31.8 million, up by $2.2 million, or 7%, from 2012.  Asset-based wealth management revenues totaled $29.5 million for 2013, up by $1.8 million, or 7%, over 2012. Wealth management assets under administration amounted to $4.78 billion at December 31, 2013, up by $582.3 million, or 14%, from 2012 largely reflecting net investment appreciation and income. The average balance of assets under administration for 2013 was 9% higher than 2012. Transaction-based revenues were $2.3 million for 2013, up by $216 thousand, or 10%, from 2012, largely due to an increase in insurance commission income.

Merchant processing fee revenue represents charges to merchants for credit card transactions processed. Merchant processing fees increased by $61 thousand, or 1%, over 2012, reflecting modest increases in the volume of transactions processed for customers. See the discussion below regarding a corresponding increase in merchant processing costs under the caption “Noninterest Expense.” In addition, see additional disclosure regarding the March 2014 sale of the merchant processing service business line in the “Overview” section under the heading “Subsequent Event.”

Card interchange fees represent fee income related to debit card transactions. Card interchange fees for 2013 increased by $308 thousand, or 12%, from 2012, largely reflecting increased transaction volume.

Income from BOLI in 2013 amounted to $1.9 million, a decrease of $598 thousand, or 24%, from 2012. This decrease was due to a non-taxable gain of $528 thousand resulting from the receipt of tax-exempt life insurance proceeds in the third quarter of 2012.

Mortgage banking revenues totaled $13.1 million in 2013, down by $1.0 million, or 7%, from 2012, largely reflecting declines in refinancing and sales activity due to increased market interest rates. Also included in mortgage banking revenues in 2013 was a gain of $977 thousand recognized on the sale of $48.7 million of residential mortgage portfolio loans that had a weighted average rate of 3.94% and a weighted average contractual maturity of 24 years. Included in this portfolio loans sale gain was $456 thousand attributable to mortgage servicing rights retained. The primary purpose of the portfolio loan sale was to reduce the interest rate exposure associated with holding longer term fixed rate assets in a rising rate environment. We do not have a practice of selling loans from portfolio and except for this sale, we have not sold any packages of loans from our portfolio in many years.



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There were no net realized gains on securities in 2013, compared to $1.2 million for 2012. The gains in 2012 were primarily recognized on the sale of mortgage backed securities associated with balance sheet management transactions executed in 2012.

Net gains on interest rate swap contracts for the year ended December 31, 2013, totaled $951 thousand compared to $255 thousand in 2012. The increase was largely due to new customer-related interest rate swap contracts executed in 2013.

Equity in losses of unconsolidated subsidiaries (primarily generated by two real estate limited partnerships) amounted to $107 thousand in 2013 compared to equity in earnings of $196 thousand in 2012. Washington Trust has investments in two real estate limited partnerships that renovate, own and operate two low-income housing complexes. These investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and tax credits generated by the partnerships are recorded as a reduction of income tax expense.

For 2013 and 2012, total OTTI losses recognized in earnings on investment securities totaled $3.5 million and $221 thousand, respectively. See additional discussion in the “Financial Condition” section under the caption “Securities” below.

Comparison of 2012 with 2011
Wealth management revenues for 2012 were $29.6 million, up by $1.3 million, or 5%, from 2011.  This includes an increase of $620 thousand, or 42%, in transaction-based revenues (financial planning, commissions and other service fees). Asset-based wealth management revenues totaled $27.5 million for 2012, up by $715 thousand, or 3%, over 2011. Wealth management assets under administration amounted to $4.2 billion at December 31, 2012, up by $299.6 million, or 8%, from the balance at December 31, 2011, largely reflecting net investment appreciation and income resulting from favorable conditions in the financial markets. The end of period balance of wealth management assets at December 31, 2012 was 8% higher than the end of period balance at December 31, 2011 and the average balance of wealth management assets for the year ended December 31, 2012 was 2% higher than the average balance for 2011.

Service charges on deposit accounts totaled $3.2 million in 2012, compared to $3.5 million in 2011. This decline of $262 thousand, or 8%, reflected the competitive environment and its impact on deposit product pricing.

Merchant processing fee revenue increased by $254 thousand, or 3%, over 2011, reflecting increases in the volume of transactions processed for existing and new customers. This increase was partially offset by the impact of fourth quarter 2011 regulatory changes, which reduced fees on all debit cards issued by certain regulated banks, resulting in a modest decline in merchant processing fee revenue and a corresponding decline in merchant processing expenses.

Card interchange fees represent fee income related to debit card transactions. Card interchange fees for 2012 increased by $231 thousand, or 10%, from 2011, reflecting increased transaction volume.

Income from BOLI in 2012 amounted to $2.4 million, an increase of $509 thousand, or 26%, from 2011. This increase was due to a $528 thousand non-taxable gain resulting from the receipt of tax-exempt life insurance proceeds in the third quarter of 2012.

Mortgage banking revenues totaled $14.1 million in 2012, up by $9.0 million, or 178%, from 2011, reflecting strong refinancing and sales activity in response to sustained low market rates of interest and origination volume growth in our residential mortgage lending offices.

Net realized gains on securities in 2012 and 2011 totaled $1.2 million and $698 thousand, respectively. These amounts were primarily recognized on the sale of mortgage-backed securities associated with balance sheet management transactions executed in both years. Also included in 2011 were gains recognized on a contribution of appreciated equity securities, which is discussed below under the caption “Noninterest Expenses.”

Net gains on interest rate swap contracts for the year ended December 31, 2012, totaled $255 thousand compared to $6 thousand in 2011. The increase was largely due to new customer-related interest rate swap contracts executed in 2012.



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For 2012, equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries (primarily generated by two real estate limited partnerships) amounted to $196 thousand compared to losses of $213 thousand in 2011.

Other noninterest income totaled $1.7 million in 2012, up by $212 thousand, or 14%, from 2011. Included in other noninterest income were gains on the sale of bank property of $348 thousand and $203 thousand, which were recognized during the second quarters of 2012 and 2011, respectively.

For 2012 and 2011, OTTI losses recognized in earnings on investment securities totaled $221 thousand and $191 thousand, respectively. See additional discussion in the “Financial Condition” section under the caption “Securities” below.

Noninterest Expense
The following table presents noninterest expense comparisons:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
2013/2012
 
2012/2011
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
Change
 
Change
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
$
 
%
 
$
 
%
Noninterest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and employee benefits

$60,052

 

$59,786

 

$51,095

 

$266

 
—
 %
 

$8,691

 
17
 %
Net occupancy
5,769

 
6,039

 
5,295

 
(270
)
 
(4
)
 
744

 
14

Equipment
4,847

 
4,640

 
4,344

 
207

 
4

 
296

 
7

Merchant processing costs
8,682

 
8,593

 
8,560

 
89

 
1

 
33

 
—

Outsourced services
3,662

 
3,560

 
3,530

 
102

 
3

 
30

 
1

Legal, audit and professional fees
2,330

 
2,240

 
1,927

 
90

 
4


313


16

FDIC deposit insurance costs
1,761

 
1,730

 
2,043

 
31

 
2

 
(313
)
 
(15
)
Advertising and promotion
1,464

 
1,730

 
1,819

 
(266
)
 
(15
)
 
(89
)
 
(5
)
Amortization of intangibles
680

 
728

 
951

 
(48
)
 
(7
)
 
(223
)
 
(23
)
Foreclosed property costs
258

 
762

 
878

 
(504
)
 
(66
)
 
(116
)
 
(13
)
Debt prepayment penalties
1,125

 
3,908

 
694

 
(2,783
)
 
(71
)
 
3,214

 
463

Other
8,155

 
8,622

 
9,237

 
(467
)
 
(5
)
 
(615
)
 
(7
)
Total noninterest expense

$98,785

 

$102,338

 

$90,373

 

($3,553
)
 
(3
)%
 

$11,965

 
13
 %

Comparison of 2013 with 2012
For 2013, salaries and employee benefit expense, the largest component of noninterest expense, totaled $60.1 million, up modestly by $266 thousand from 2012. Included in salaries and employee benefit expense were severance related costs of $648 thousand and $75 thousand, respectively, in 2013 and 2012. Excluding the impact of severance related costs, salaries and employee benefit expense declined by $307 thousand, or 1%. This decline reflected decreases in transaction-based compensation in the mortgage banking area resulting from declines in mortgage mortgage refinancing activity; a reduction in defined benefit pension costs; which were offset, in part, by increases in business development commission expense in our wealth management area.

Net occupancy expense for 2013 decreased by $270 thousand, or 4%, compared to 2012, largely reflecting declines in repairs and maintenance and depreciation expense.

Equipment expenses increased by $207 thousand, or 4%, in 2013, largely due to additional investments in technology.

Merchant processing costs represent third-party costs incurred that are directly attributable to handling merchant credit card transactions. Merchant processing costs totaled $8.7 million in 2013, up modestly from the $8.6 million in 2012. See the discussion above regarding a corresponding increase in merchant processing fees under the caption “Noninterest Income.” In addition, see additional disclosure regarding the March 2014 sale of the merchant processing service business line in the “Overview” section under the heading “Subsequent Event.”



-46-

Outsourced services totaled $3.7 million in 2013, up by $102 thousand, or 3%, from 2012, reflecting an increase in third party card processing services due to increased transaction volume.

For 2013, legal, audit and professional fees totaled $2.3 million, up by $90 thousand, or 4%, from 2012, largely due to various consulting projects throughout 2013.

Advertising and promotion costs amounted to $1.5 million in 2013, down by $266 thousand, or 15%, from 2012, reflecting management’s discretion over this category.

Amortization of intangibles amounted to $680 thousand in 2013 and $728 thousand in 2012. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on intangible assets.

Foreclosed property costs amounted to $258 thousand in 2012, down by $504 thousand, or 66%, from 2012, reflecting declines in foreclosure activity.

The prepayment of FHLBB advances associated with certain balance sheet management transactions executed in 2013 and 2012 resulted in debt prepayment penalty expense of $1.1 million in 2013 and $3.9 million in 2012. See additional discussion regarding FHLBB advances under the section “Sources of Funds.”

Other noninterest expenses amounted to $8.2 million in 2013, down by $467 thousand, or 5%, from 2012, largely due to decreases in telephone line costs resulting from changes in technology infrastructure implemented at the beginning of 2013, as well as a decline in credit and collection costs. Included in other noninterest expenses in 2013 and 2012 was the cost of Washington Trust’s annual contribution to its charitable foundation, which amounted to $400 thousand in each year.

Comparison of 2012 with 2011
For 2012, salaries and employee benefit expense totaled $59.8 million, up by $8.7 million, or 17%, from 2011. This increase reflected higher levels of business development based compensation primarily in mortgage banking, higher staffing levels to support growth, higher defined benefit pension costs primarily due to a lower discount rate in 2012 compared to 2011 and, to a lesser extent, an increase in stock-based compensation expense due to current year award grants.

Net occupancy expense for 2012 increased by $744 thousand, or 14%, compared to 2011, reflecting increased rental expense for premises leased by Washington Trust and occupancy costs associated with de novo branches and residential mortgage lending offices that opened in the latter portion of 2011 and in 2012. Also included in net occupancy expense was a charge of $94 thousand for the termination of an operating lease associated with a branch closure in September 2012.

Costs associated with branch expansion and business line growth were also reflected in equipment expenses, which increased by $296 thousand, or 7%, in 2012. The increase is largely related to additional investments in technology and other equipment.

Merchant processing costs totaled $8.6 million in both 2012 and 2011, as lower third-party processing rates offset transaction volume-related cost increases. See discussion on merchant processing fees under the caption “Noninterest Income” above.

FDIC deposit insurance costs for 2012 amounted to $1.7 million, down by $313 thousand, or 15%, from 2011, reflecting lower assessment rates and a statutory change in the calculation method that was effective for the second quarter of 2011.

For 2012, legal, audit and professional fees totaled $2.2 million, up by $313 thousand, or 16%, from 2011 largely due to costs incurred in connection with the formation of a mortgage banking subsidiary of the Bank.

Amortization of intangibles amounted to $728 thousand in 2012 and $951 thousand in 2011. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on intangible assets.



-47-

Foreclosed property costs amounted to $762 thousand in 2012, down by $116 thousand, or 13%, from 2011, largely due to a decrease in the number of properties held as of December 31, 2012 compared to the prior year.

The prepayment of FHLBB advances associated with the balance sheet management transactions executed in 2012 and 2011, resulted in debt prepayment penalty expense of $3.9 million in 2012 and $694 thousand in 2011.

Other noninterest expenses amounted to $8.6 million in 2012, down by $615 thousand, or 7%, from 2011 largely due to a $588 thousand decrease in charitable contribution expense. In 2012, Washington Trust made a $400 thousand cash contribution to its charitable foundation. In 2011, Washington Trust made a contribution of appreciated equity securities to its charitable foundation. The cost of this contribution was $990 thousand. This contribution also resulted in a realized gain of $331 thousand on the disposition of the equity securities, which was recorded in noninterest income.

Income Taxes
Income tax expense for 2013, 2012 and 2011 totaled $16.5 million, $15.8 million and $12.9 million, respectively.  The effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were 31.4%, 31.1% and 30.3%, respectively.  The increase in the effective tax rate reflected a higher proportion of taxable income to pre-tax book income.  The effective tax rates differed from the federal rate of 35.0% due largely to the benefits of tax-exempt income, income from BOLI and federal tax credits.

The Corporation’s net deferred tax asset amounted to $12.8 million at December 31, 2013, down from $19.9 million at December 31, 2012.  This decline in 2013 largely reflected a reduction in the deferred tax asset related to defined benefit pension obligations. See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional disclosure regarding the 2013 amendment of the Corporation’s defined benefit pension plans.

The Corporation has determined that a valuation allowance is not required for any of the deferred tax assets since it is more-likely-than-not that these assets will be realized primarily through future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, carryback to taxable income in prior years or by offsetting projected future taxable income.  See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding income taxes.

Financial Condition
Summary
Total assets amounted to $3.19 billion at December 31, 2013, an increase of $117.0 million, or 4%, from the end of 2012, largely due to growth in loans.  Total loans amounted to $2.46 billion, or 77% of total assets, at December 31, 2013. In 2013, total loans increased by $168.9 million, or 7%, due to growth in the commercial loan and residential real estate loan portfolios.

Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets amounted to 0.62% and 0.83%, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The decline in this ratio largely reflects charge-offs and payoffs on commercial loans. While overall credit quality continues to be affected by relatively weak economic conditions, we experienced improvements in many of our asset and credit quality indicators.

Total liabilities increased by $83.0 million, or 3%, from December 31, 2012, largely due to deposit growth of $192.7 million, or 8%, offset, in part, by reductions in FHLBB advances of $73.1 million, or 20%.

Shareholders’ equity totaled $329.6 million at December 31, 2013, up by $34.0 million from December 31, 2012.  Capital levels continue to exceed the the regulatory minimum levels to be considered well-capitalized, with a total risk-based capital ratio of 13.29% at December 31, 2013, compared to 13.26% at December 31, 2012.

Securities
Washington Trust’s securities portfolio is managed to generate interest income, to implement interest rate risk management strategies, and to provide a readily available source of liquidity for balance sheet management. Securities are designated as either available for sale, held to maturity or trading at the time of purchase. The Corporation does not currently maintain a portfolio of trading securities. Securities available for sale may be sold in response to changes in market conditions, prepayment risk, rate fluctuations, liquidity, or capital requirements. Securities available for sale are reported at fair value,


-48-

with any unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of tax, until realized. Securities held to maturity are reported at amortized cost.

Determination of Fair Value
The Corporation uses an independent pricing service to obtain quoted prices. The prices provided by the independent pricing service are generally based on observable market data in active markets. The determination of whether markets are active or inactive is based upon the level of trading activity for a particular security class. The Corporation reviews the independent pricing service’s documentation to gain an understanding of the appropriateness of the pricing methodologies. The Corporation also reviews the prices provided by the independent pricing service for reasonableness based upon current trading levels for similar securities. If the prices appear unusual they are re-examined and the value is either confirmed or revised. In addition, the Corporation periodically performs independent price tests of a sample of securities to ensure proper valuation and to verify our understanding of how securities are priced. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Corporation did not make any adjustments to the prices provided by the pricing service.

Generally, our fair value measurements utilize Level 2 inputs, which utilize quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, and model-derived valuations in which all significant input assumptions are observable in active markets. Our Level 2 financial instruments consist primarily of available for sale debt securities.

See Notes 4 and 14 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the determination of fair value of investment securities.

Securities Portfolio
The carrying amounts of securities held are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

Securities Available for Sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$55,115

 
14
%
 

$31,670

 
8
%
 

$32,833

 
6
%
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
238,355

 
61

 
231,233

 
62

 
389,658

 
72

States and political subdivisions
62,859

 
16

 
72,620

 
19

 
79,493

 
15

Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual name issuers
24,684

 
6

 
24,751

 
7

 
22,396

 
4

Collateralized debt obligations
547

 
—

 
843

 
—

 
887

 
—

Corporate bonds
11,343

 
3

 
14,381

 
4

 
14,282

 
3

Perpetual preferred stocks
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,704

 
—

Total securities available for sale

$392,903

 
100
%
 

$375,498

 
100
%
 

$541,253

 
100
%
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
Amount

 
%

 
Amount

 
%

 
Amount

 
%

Securities Held to Maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$29,905

 
100
%
 

$40,381

 
100
%
 

$52,139

 
100
%
Total securities held to maturity

$29,905

 
100
%
 

$40,381

 
100
%
 

$52,139

 
100
%

As of December 31, 2013, the securities portfolio totaled $422.8 million, up by $6.9 million from December 31, 2012, reflecting $117.3 million in purchases of mortgage-backed securities and U.S. government agency debt securities, mostly


-49-

offset by maturities and principal payments received on mortgage-backed securities. The majority of the purchases were made during the third quarter of 2013 to redeploy the excess liquidity from deposit growth, add to on balance sheet liquidity and to provide a source of collateralization for public and institutional deposits. See additional disclosure regarding investment activities in the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The largest component of the securities portfolio is mortgage-backed securities, all of which are issued by U.S. Government agencies or U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the net unrealized gain position on securities available for sale and held to maturity amounted to $5.0 million and $13.1 million, respectively, and included gross unrealized losses of $6.6 million and $9.1 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.  Nearly all of these gross unrealized losses were concentrated in variable rate trust preferred securities issued by financial services companies.

State and Political Subdivision Holdings
The carrying amount of state and political subdivision holdings included in our securities portfolio at December 31, 2013 totaled $62.9 million. The following table presents state and political subdivision holdings by geographic location:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
New Jersey

$30,861

 

$1,302

 

$—

 

$32,163

New York
10,600

 
399

 
—

 
10,999

Pennsylvania
6,520

 
186

 
—

 
6,706

Illinois
7,314

 
135

 
—

 
7,449

Other
5,365

 
177

 
—

 
5,542

Total

$60,660

 

$2,199

 

$—

 

$62,859


The following table presents state and political subdivision holdings by category:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
General obligations

$54,516

 

$2,030

 

$—

 

$56,546

Revenue obligations (a)
6,144

 
169

 
—

 
6,313

Total

$60,660

 

$2,199

 

$—

 

$62,859

(a)
Includes water and sewer districts, tax revenue obligations and other.

Washington Trust owns trust preferred security holdings of seven individual name issuers in the financial industry.  The following table presents information concerning the named issuers.  The Corporation’s Investment Policy contains rating standards that specifically reference ratings issued by Moody’s and S&P.



-50-

Individual Issuer Trust Preferred Securities
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
Credit Ratings
Named Issuer
 
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Loss
 
December 31,
2013
 
Form 10-K
Filing Date
(parent holding company)
(a)

 
 
 
 
Moody’s
S&P
 
Moody’s
S&P
 
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
2

 

$9,756

 

$7,550

 

($2,206
)
 
 Baa2
 BBB
 
 Baa2
 BBB
 
Bank of America Corporation
3

 
5,761

 
4,641

 
(1,120
)
 
 Ba1
 BB+
 
 Ba1
 BB+
(b)
Wells Fargo & Company
2

 
5,135

 
4,253

 
(882
)
 
 A3/Baa1
 A-/BBB+
 
 A3/Baa1
 A-/BBB+
 
SunTrust Banks, Inc.
1

 
4,172

 
3,360

 
(812
)
 
 Baa3
 BB+
 
 Baa3
 BB+
(b)
Northern Trust Corporation
1

 
1,984

 
1,660

 
(324
)
 
 Baa1
 A-
 
 Baa1
 A-
 
State Street Corporation
1

 
1,974

 
1,600

 
(374
)
 
 A3
 BBB+
 
 A3
 BBB+
 
Huntington Bancshares Incorporated
1

 
1,933

 
1,620

 
(313
)
 
 Baa3
 BB+
 
 Baa3
 BB+
(b)
Totals
11

 

$30,715

 

$24,684

 

($6,031
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Number of separate issuances, including issuances of acquired institutions.
(b)
Rating is below investment grade.

The Corporation’s evaluation of the impairment status of individual name trust preferred securities includes various considerations in addition to the degree of impairment and the duration of impairment. We review the reported regulatory capital ratios of the issuer and, in all cases, the regulatory capital ratios were deemed to be in excess of the regulatory minimums. Credit ratings were also taken into consideration, including ratings in effect as of the reporting period date as well as credit rating changes between the reporting period date and the filing date of this report. We noted no additional downgrades to below investment grade between the reporting period date and the filing date of this report. Where available, credit ratings from multiple rating agencies are obtained and rating downgrades are specifically analyzed. Our review process for these credit-sensitive holdings also includes a periodic review of relevant financial information for each issuer, such as quarterly financial reports, press releases and analyst reports. This information is used to evaluate the current and prospective financial condition of the issuer in order to assess the issuer’s ability to meet its debt obligations. Through the filing date of this report, each of the individual name issuer securities was current with respect to interest payments. Based on our evaluation of the facts and circumstances relating to each issuer, management concluded that all principal and interest payments for these individual issuer trust preferred securities would be collected according to their contractual terms and it expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Furthermore, Washington Trust does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that Washington Trust will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their cost basis, which may be at maturity. Therefore, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.

Further deterioration in credit quality of the underlying issuers of the securities, further deterioration in the condition of the financial services industry, a continuation or worsening of the current economic environment, or additional declines in real estate values, among other things, may further affect the fair value of these securities and increase the potential that certain unrealized losses be designated as other-than-temporary in future periods, and the Corporation may incur write-downs.

Pooled Trust Preferred Obligations
Washington Trust had invested in two pooled trust preferred securities, Tropic CDO 1, tranche A4L (“Tropic”) and PreTSL XXV, tranche C1 (“PreTSL”).

On March 22, 2013, the trustee for the Tropic security issued a notice that liquidation of the CDO entity would take place at the direction of holders of the CDO tranches senior to the subordinate tranche interest held by Washington Trust. Accordingly, Washington Trust recognized an OTTI charge in the first quarter of 2013 on the entire $2.8 million carrying value of this security, based on the expectation that proceeds from the liquidation would be insufficient to satisfy the amount owed to the subordinate tranche. The liquidation was conducted in August 2013 and was insufficient to satisfy any amount owed on the subordinate tranche.



-51-

In December 2013, Washington Trust changed its intent to hold its investment in the PreTSL until recovery of its cost basis and subsequently sold this security in January 2014. As a result, Washington Trust recognized an OTTI loss of $717 thousand on the PreTSL in December 2013. The amortized cost and fair value of the PreTSL amounted to $547 thousand at December 31, 2013, which equaled the January 2014 sales price.

The following table summarizes other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings in the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Pooled trust preferred securities
 
 
 
 
 
Tropic CDO 1, tranche A4L

$2,772

 

$221

 

$171

Preferred Term Securities [PreTSL] XXV, tranche C1
717

 
—

 
20

Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings

$3,489

 

$221

 

$191


Investment in Bank-Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)
BOLI amounted to $56.7 million and $54.8 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  BOLI provides a means to mitigate increasing employee benefit costs.  The Corporation expects to benefit from the BOLI contracts as a result of the tax-free growth in cash surrender value and death benefits that are expected to be generated over time.  The purchase of the life insurance policy results in an income-earning asset on the Consolidated Balance Sheet that provides monthly tax-free income to the Corporation.  The largest risk to the BOLI program is credit risk of the insurance carriers.  To mitigate this risk, annual financial condition reviews are completed on all carriers.  BOLI is invested in the “general account” of quality insurance companies.  All such general account carriers were rated “A” or better by A.M. Best and “A3” or better by Moody’s at December 31, 2013.  BOLI is included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at its cash surrender value.  Increases in BOLI’s cash surrender value are reported as a component of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Loans
Total loans amounted to $2.5 billion at December 31, 2013.  In 2013, loans grew by $168.9 million, or 7%, with increases of $110.9 million in the commercial loan portfolio, $55.0 million in the residential real estate portfolio and $3.0 million in consumer loans.



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The following table sets forth the composition of the Corporation’s loan portfolio for each of the past five years:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

 
Amount
 
%

Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages  (1)

$796,249

 
32
%
 

$710,813

 
31
%
 

$624,813

 
29
%
 

$518,623

 
26
%
 

$496,996

 
26
%
Construction & development
36,289

 
1
%
 
27,842

 
1
%
 
10,955

 
1
%
 
47,335

 
2
%
 
72,293

 
4
%
Other  (2)
530,797

 
22
%
 
513,764

 
23
%
 
488,860

 
22
%
 
461,107

 
23
%
 
415,261

 
21
%
Total commercial
1,363,335

 
55
%
 
1,252,419

 
55
%
 
1,124,628

 
52
%
 
1,027,065

 
51
%
 
984,550

 
51
%
Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
749,163

 
30
%
 
692,798

 
30
%
 
678,582

 
32
%
 
634,739

 
31
%
 
593,981

 
31
%
Homeowner construction
23,511

 
1
%
 
24,883

 
1
%
 
21,832

 
1
%
 
10,281

 
1
%
 
11,594

 
1
%
Total residential real estate
772,674

 
31
%
 
717,681

 
31
%
 
700,414

 
33
%
 
645,020

 
32
%
 
605,575

 
32
%
Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
231,362

 
9
%
 
226,861

 
10
%
 
223,430

 
10
%
 
218,288

 
11
%
 
209,801

 
11
%
Home equity loans
40,212

 
2
%
 
39,329

 
2
%
 
43,121

 
2
%
 
50,624

 
3
%
 
62,430

 
3
%
Other  (3)
55,301

 
3
%
 
57,713

 
2
%
 
55,566

 
3
%
 
54,641

 
3
%
 
57,312

 
3
%
Total consumer loans
326,875

 
14
%
 
323,903

 
14
%
 
322,117

 
15
%
 
323,553

 
17
%
 
329,543

 
17
%
Total loans

$2,462,884

 
100
%
 

$2,294,003

 
100
%
 

$2,147,159

 
100
%
 

$1,995,638

 
100
%
 

$1,919,668

 
100
%
(1)
Amortizing mortgages and lines of credit, primarily secured by income producing property.
(2)
Loans to businesses and individuals, a substantial portion of which are fully or partially collateralized by real estate.
(3)
Other consumer loans include personal installment loans and loans to individuals secured by general aviation aircraft and automobiles.

An analysis of the maturity and interest rate sensitivity of the Corporation’s loan portfolio as of December 31, 2013 follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
 
Residential Real Estate
 
 
 
Mortgages
Construction
Other
 
Mortgages
Homeowner Construction (1)
Consumer
Total
Amounts due in:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
One year or less

$97,479


$8,372


$125,303

 

$23,810


$456


$8,652


$264,072

After one year to five years
417,514

14,607

243,158

 
103,220

3,827

36,129

818,455

After five years
281,256

13,310

162,336

 
622,133

19,228

282,094

1,380,357

Total

$796,249


$36,289


$530,797

 

$749,163


$23,511


$326,875


$2,462,884

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate terms on amounts due after one year:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Predetermined rates

$295,059


$732


$275,268

 

$332,032


$20,573


$74,710


$998,374

Floating or adjustable rates
403,711

27,185

130,226

 
393,321

2,482

243,513

1,200,438

(1)
Maturities of homeowner construction loans are included based on their contractual conventional mortgage repayment terms following the completion of construction.

Commercial Loans
Commercial loans fall into two major categories, commercial real estate and other commercial loans (commercial and industrial). Commercial real estate loans consist of commercial mortgages and construction and development loans made for the purpose of acquiring, developing, constructing, improving or refinancing commercial real estate where the property is the primary collateral securing the loan, and the income generated from the property is the primary repayment source.  Commercial and industrial loans primarily provide working capital, equipment financing, financing for leasehold


-53-

improvements and financing for expansion.  Commercial and industrial loans are frequently collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, and/or general business assets.  A significant portion of the Bank’s commercial and industrial loans are also collateralized by real estate, but are not classified as commercial real restate loans because such loans are not made for the purpose of acquiring, developing, constructing, improving or refinancing the real estate securing the loan, nor is the repayment source income generated directly from such real property.

Management evaluates the appropriateness of the Corporation’s underwriting standards in response to changes in national and regional economic conditions, including such matters as market interest rates, energy prices, trends in real estate values, and employment levels.  Based on management’s assessment of these matters, underwriting standards and credit monitoring activities are enhanced from time to time in response to changes in these conditions.  These assessments may result in clarification of debt service ratio calculations, modifications to loan to value standards for real estate collateral, formalized watch list criteria, and enhancements to monitoring of commercial construction loans.

Commercial Real Estate Loans
Commercial real estate loans amounted to $832.5 million at December 31, 2013, an increase of $93.9 million, or 13%, from the $738.7 million balance at December 31, 2012.  Included in these amounts were commercial construction loans of $36.3 million and $27.8 million, respectively. The growth in commercial real estate loans was in large part due to enhanced business cultivation efforts with new and existing borrowers.

Commercial real estate loans are secured by a variety of property types, with approximately 82% of the total at December 31, 2013 composed of office buildings, retail facilities, commercial mixed use, lodging, multi-family dwellings and industrial & warehouse properties.

The following table presents a geographic summary of commercial real estate loans, including commercial construction, by property location.
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Amount
 
% of Total
 
Amount
 
% of Total
Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts

$791,682

 
95
%
 

$707,068

 
96
%
New York, New Jersey
32,126

 
4
%
 
22,081

 
3
%
New Hampshire
8,730

 
1
%
 
9,290

 
1
%
Other
—

 
—
%
 
216

 
—
%
Total

$832,538

 
100
%
 

$738,655

 
100
%

Other Commercial Loans
Commercial and industrial loans amounted to $530.8 million at December 31, 2013, an increase of $17.0 million, or 3.3%, from December 31, 2012, reflecting growth in owner occupied and other real estate loans.  This portfolio includes loans to a variety of business types.  Approximately 78% of the total is composed of owner occupied and other real estate, health care/social assistance, retail trade, manufacturing, public administration, accommodation and food services, entertainment and recreation, construction businesses and wholesale trade businesses.

Residential Real Estate Loans
Residential real estate loans amounted to $772.7 million at December 31, 2013, an increase of $55.0 million from December 31, 2012.  See discussion regarding the September 2013 sale of $48.7 million of residential mortgage portfolio loans in the “Results of Operations” section under the caption “Noninterest Income.”

Washington Trust originates residential real estate mortgages within our general market area of southern New England for portfolio and for sale in the secondary market. In recent years, the mortgage origination business has been expanded beyond our bank branch network,which is primarily located in Rhode Island, through the addition of residential mortgage lending offices in Massachusetts and Connecticut. This expansion has allowed us to originate a higher volume of residential real estate mortgages. In 2013, approximately 55% of our mortgage origination volume was generated by our offices outside of Rhode Island. We also originate residential real estate mortgages for various investors in a broker capacity, including conventional mortgages and reverse mortgages.  Total residential real estate loan originations for retention in


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portfolio were $303.4 million and $210.8 million, respectively, for 2013 and 2012. Total residential real estate loan originations for sale to the secondary market, including loans originated in a broker capacity and excluding the September 2013 portfolio loan sale, were $426.9 million and $571.4 million, respectively, for 2013 and 2012. Origination volume declined in 2013, reflecting declines in refinancing activity due to increased market interest rates.

Loans are sold with servicing retained or released.  During 2012, we began to retain servicing on a higher proportion of loans sold to the secondary market. In general, loans sold with the retention of servicing yield a larger gain on sale due to the capitalization of servicing rights, which are subsequently amortized over the estimated period of servicing. The net balance of capitalized servicing rights has increased from $765 thousand at December 31, 2011 to $2.7 million at December 31, 2013.

When selling a residential real estate mortgage loan or acting as originating agent on behalf of a third party, Washington Trust generally makes various representations and warranties. As such, we may be required to either repurchase the residential real estate mortgage loan (generally at unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest) with the identified defects or indemnify (“make-whole”) the investor for its losses if the representations and warranties were breached. The unpaid principal balance of loans repurchased due to representation and warranty claims as of December 31, 2013 was $682 thousand, compared to $843 thousand at December 31, 2012. In 2013 and 2012, rebates of premiums for loans sold that were paid off within a contractually agreed upon of period of time were insignificant. Washington Trust has recorded a reserve for premium recapture and the obligation to repurchase previously sold residential mortgage loans. The reserve balance amounted to $275 thousand and $250 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012, and is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. For 2013 and 2012, the provision for loan repurchases and premium recapture exposure totaled $55 thousand and $201 thousand, respectively. The provision was recorded as a reduction of net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others.

Prior to March 2009, Washington Trust had periodically purchased one- to four-family residential mortgages originated in other states as well as southern New England from other financial institutions.  All residential mortgage loans purchased from other financial institutions were individually underwritten using standards similar to those employed for Washington Trust’s self-originated loans.  Purchased residential mortgage balances totaled $42.6 million and $56.0 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The following is a geographic summary of residential mortgages by property location.
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Amount
 
% of Total
 
Amount
 
% of Total
Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts

$751,932

 
97.3
%
 

$697,814

 
97.2
%
New York, Virginia, New Jersey, Maryland, Pennsylvania, District of Columbia
6,972

 
0.9
%
 
9,591

 
1.3
%
New Hampshire
7,900

 
1.0
%
 
3,903

 
0.5
%
Ohio
2,509

 
0.3
%
 
2,953

 
0.4
%
Washington, Oregon
1,356

 
0.2
%
 
1,379

 
0.2
%
Georgia
1,083

 
0.1
%
 
1,101

 
0.2
%
New Mexico
468

 
0.1
%
 
476

 
0.1
%
Other
454

 
0.1
%
 
464

 
0.1
%
Total

$772,674

 
100.0
%
 

$717,681

 
100.0
%

Consumer Loans
Consumer loans amounted to $326.9 million at December 31, 2013, up $3.0 million from December 31, 2012.  Our consumer portfolio is predominantly home equity lines and home equity loans, representing 83% of the total consumer portfolio at December 31, 2013.  The Bank estimates that approximately 69% of the combined home equity line and home equity loan balances are first lien positions or subordinate to other Washington Trust mortgages. Consumer loans also include personal installment loans and loans to individuals secured by general aviation aircraft and automobiles.



-55-

Asset Quality
The Board of Directors of the Bank monitors credit risk management through two committees, the Finance Committee and the Audit Committee.  The Finance Committee has primary oversight responsibility for the credit granting function including approval authority for credit granting policies, review of management’s credit granting activities and approval of large exposure credit requests.  The Audit Committee oversees management’s systems and procedures to monitor the credit quality of the loan portfolio, conduct a loan review program, maintain the integrity of the loan rating system and determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.  These committees report the results of their respective oversight functions to the Bank’s Board of Directors.  In addition, the Board reviews information concerning asset quality measurements and trends on a monthly basis.

Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, nonaccrual investment securities and property acquired through foreclosure or repossession.

The following table presents nonperforming assets and additional asset quality data for the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Nonaccrual loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial mortgages

$7,492

 

$10,681

 

$5,709

 

$6,624

 

$11,588

Commercial construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other commercial
1,291

 
4,412

 
3,708

 
5,259

 
9,075

Residential real estate
8,315

 
6,158

 
10,614

 
6,414

 
6,038

Consumer
1,204

 
1,292

 
1,206

 
213

 
769

Total nonaccrual loans
18,302

 
22,543

 
21,237

 
18,510

 
27,470

Nonaccrual investment securities
547

 
843

 
887

 
806

 
1,065

Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession, net
932

 
2,047

 
2,647

 
3,644

 
1,974

Total nonperforming assets

$19,781

 

$25,433

 

$24,771

 

$22,960

 

$30,509

Nonperforming assets to total assets
0.62
%
 
0.83
%
 
0.81
%
 
0.79
%
 
1.06
%
Nonaccrual loans to total loans
0.74
%
 
0.98
%
 
0.99
%
 
0.93
%
 
1.43
%
Total past due loans to total loans
0.89
%
 
1.22
%
 
1.22
%
 
1.27
%
 
1.64
%
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—


Nonperforming assets totaled $19.8 million, or 0.62% of total assets, at December 31, 2013 compared to $25.4 million, or 0.83% of total assets, at December 31, 2012. This decrease in nonperforming assets reflects charge-offs and payoffs on commercial loans, as well as dispositions of properties acquired through foreclosure in 2013.

Nonaccrual loans totaled $18.3 million at December 31, 2013, down by $4.2 million in 2013. Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession amounted to $932 thousand at December 31, 2013, compared to $2.0 million at the end of 2012.  The balance at December 31, 2013 consisted of five commercial properties and three residential properties. Nonaccrual investment securities at December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised of our pooled trust preferred securities.  See additional information herein under the caption “Securities.”

Nonaccrual Loans
Loans, with the exception of certain well-secured loans that are in the process of collection, are placed on nonaccrual status and interest recognition is suspended when such loans are 90 days or more past due with respect to principal and/or interest or sooner if considered appropriate by management.  Well-secured loans are permitted to remain on accrual status provided that full collection of principal and interest is assured and the loan is in the process of collection.  Loans


-56-

are also placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest is doubtful.  Interest previously accrued, but uncollected, is reversed against current period income.  Subsequent interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan or recognized as interest income, depending on management’s assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan.  Loans are removed from nonaccrual status when they have been current as to principal and interest for a period of time, the borrower has demonstrated an ability to comply with repayment terms, and when, in management’s opinion, the loans are considered to be fully collectible.

During 2013, the Corporation made no significant changes in its practices or policies concerning the placement of loans or investment securities into nonaccrual status.

There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2013.

Interest income that would have been recognized if loans on nonaccrual status had been current in accordance with their original terms was approximately $1.8 million, $1.8 million and $1.7 million in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  Interest income attributable to these loans included in the Consolidated Statements of Income amounted to approximately $400 thousand, $679 thousand and $505 thousand in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Days Past Due
 
 
 
Days Past Due
 
 
 
Over 90
Under 90
Total
% (1)
 
Over 90
Under 90
Total
% (1)
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$7,492


$—


$7,492

0.94
%
 

$10,300


$381


$10,681

1.50
%
Construction and development
—

—

—

—

 
—

—

—

—

Other commercial
731

560

1,291

0.24
%
 
3,647

765

4,412

0.86
%
Residential real estate mortgages
5,633

2,682

8,315

1.08
%
 
3,658

2,500

6,158

0.86
%
Consumer
656

548

1,204

0.37
%
 
844

448

1,292

0.40
%
Total nonaccrual loans

$14,512


$3,790


$18,302

0.74
%
 

$18,449


$4,094


$22,543

0.98
%
(1)
Percentage of nonaccrual loans to the total loans outstanding within the respective category.

Nonaccrual commercial mortgage loans decreased by $3.2 million in 2013. As of December 31, 2013, 85% of the $7.5 million balance of nonaccrual commercial mortgage loans consisted of two relationships. The December 31, 2013 balance of nonaccrual commercial mortgage loans was net of charge-offs of $1.5 million and has a remaining loss allocation of $403 thousand.  All of the nonaccrual commercial mortgage loans were located in Rhode Island and Connecticut.

The largest nonaccrual relationship in the commercial mortgage category totaled $4.7 million at December 31, 2013, down from $5.9 million at December 31, 2012, due to a payoff received in the second quarter of 2013 on one of the loans in this relationship. This relationship is secured by several properties, including office, light industrial and retail space and is collateral dependent. Based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, a $259 thousand loss allocation on this relationship was deemed necessary at December 31, 2013. The Bank has additional accruing residential mortgage loans, which are related to this borrower by common guarantor, totaling $822 thousand at December 31, 2013. These additional loans have performed in accordance with terms of the loans and were not past due as of December 31, 2013. The second largest nonaccrual relationship in the commercial mortgage category totaled $1.7 million and is secured by an office building.  This loan is collateral dependent and based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, inclusive of guarantees, a $100 thousand loss allocation on this relationship was deemed necessary at December 31, 2013.

During 2013, a $4.0 million charge-off was recognized on a commercial mortgage loan that had a carrying value of $5.1 million at December 31, 2012. This loan was secured by a distribution facility and was considered collateral dependent.


-57-

It had been identified as a potential problem loan prior to 2013 and was placed on nonaccrual status in the first quarter of 2013. This loan was paid off in the fourth quarter of 2013, resulting in a recovery of $143 thousand.

Other commercial loans (commercial and industrial loans) in nonaccrual status amounted to $1.3 million at December 31, 2013, down by a net $3.1 million from December 31, 2012, reflecting the payoff of $2.0 million received in the second quarter of 2013 on a commercial and industrial loan relationship.  The loss allocation on the balance of commercial and industrial loans in nonaccrual status at December 31, 2013 was $456 thousand.

Nonaccrual residential real estate loans increased by $2.2 million from the balance at the end of 2012.  Management believes that the increase in 2013 is partly due to the lengthening of time to resolve problem credits, including foreclosure efforts, resulting from a higher level of regulatory and judicial requirements. As of December 31, 2013, the $8.3 million balance of nonaccrual residential real estate loans included 34 loans with $7.9 million located in Rhode Island and Massachusetts.  The loss allocation on total nonaccrual residential real estate loans was $1.4 million at December 31, 2013.  Included in total nonaccrual residential real estate loans at December 31, 2013 were 16 loans purchased for portfolio and serviced by others amounting to $3.6 million.  Management monitors the collection efforts of its third party servicers as part of its assessment of the collectibility of nonperforming loans.

Past Due Loans
The following table presents past due loans by category as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
Amount

 
% (1)
 
Amount

 
% (1)
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$7,492

 
0.94
%
 

$11,081

 
1.56
%
Construction and development
—

 
—
%
 
—

 
—
%
Other commercial
1,309

 
0.25
%
 
4,203

 
0.82
%
Residential real estate
10,958

 
1.42
%
 
10,449

 
1.46
%
Consumer
2,144

 
0.66
%
 
2,363

 
0.73
%
Total past due loans

$21,903

 
0.89
%
 

$28,096

 
1.22
%
(1)
Percentage of past due loans to the total loans outstanding within the respective category.

As of December 31, 2013, total past due loans amounted to $21.9 million, or 0.89% of total loans, down by $6.2 million from December 31, 2012.

Included in past due loans as of December 31, 2013 were nonaccrual loans of $15.6 million.  All loans 90 days or more past due at December 31, 2013 and 2012 were classified as nonaccrual.

The decrease in total delinquencies in 2013 was concentrated in commercial loan delinquencies and was largely attributable to the paydowns and payoffs on the largest nonaccrual commercial relationships described above under the caption “Nonaccrual Loans.”

We use various techniques to monitor credit deterioration in the portfolios of residential mortgage loans and home equity lines and loans.  Among these techniques, the Corporation periodically tracks loans with an updated FICO score and an estimated LTV ratio, with LTV determined via statistical modeling analyses.  The indicated LTV levels are estimated based on such factors as the location, the original LTV, and the date of origination of the loan and do not reflect actual appraisal amounts.  This information and trends associated with this information is considered by management in its assessment of the allocation of loss exposure in the residential mortgage loan portfolio.

Troubled Debt Restructurings
Loans are considered restructured in a troubled debt restructuring when the Corporation has granted concessions to a borrower due to the borrower’s financial condition that it otherwise would not have considered.  These concessions include


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modifications of the terms of the debt such as reduction of the stated interest rate other than normal market rate adjustments, extension of maturity dates, or reduction of principal balance or accrued interest.  The decision to restructure a loan, rather than aggressively enforcing the collection of the loan, may benefit the Corporation by increasing the ultimate probability of collection.

Restructured loans are classified as accruing or non-accruing based on management’s assessment of the collectibility of the loan.  Loans which are already on nonaccrual status at the time of the restructuring generally remain on nonaccrual status for approximately six months before management considers such loans for return to accruing status.  Accruing restructured loans are placed into nonaccrual status if and when the borrower fails to comply with the restructured terms and management deems it unlikely that the borrower will return to a status of compliance in the near term.

Troubled debt restructurings are reported as such for at least one year from the date of the restructuring.  In years after the restructuring, troubled debt restructured loans are removed from this classification if the restructuring did not involve a below market rate concession and the loan is not deemed to be impaired based on the terms specified in the restructuring agreement.

As of December 31, 2013, there were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans had been restructured.

The following table sets forth information on troubled debt restructured loans as of the dates indicated. The amounts below do not include insignificant amounts of accrued interest on accruing troubled debt restructured loans. See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Accruing troubled debt restructured loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate

$22,800

 

$9,569

 

$6,389

 

$11,736

 

$5,566

Other commercial
1,265

 
6,577

 
6,625

 
4,594

 
540

Residential real estate
1,442

 
1,123

 
1,481

 
2,863

 
2,736

Consumer
236

 
154

 
171

 
509

 
858

Accruing troubled debt restructured loans
25,743

 
17,423

 
14,666

 
19,702

 
9,700

Nonaccrual troubled debt restructured loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
—

 
—

 
91

 
1,302

 
—

Other commercial
542

 
2,063

 
2,154

 
431

 
228

Residential real estate
—

 
688

 
2,615

 
948

 
336

Consumer
38

 
44

 
106

 
41

 
45

Nonaccrual troubled debt restructured loans
580

 
2,795

 
4,966

 
2,722

 
609

Total troubled debt restructured loans

$26,323

 

$20,218

 

$19,632

 

$22,424

 

$10,309


As of December 31, 2013, loans classified as troubled debt restructurings totaled $26.3 million, up by $6.1 million from the balance at December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2013, 85% of the troubled debt restructured loans consisted of three relationships.

The largest troubled debt restructured relationship at December 31, 2013 consisted of an accruing commercial mortgage relationship with a carrying value of $9.5 million, secured by mixed use properties. The restructuring took place in the second quarter of 2013 and included a modification of certain payment terms and a below market rate concession for a temporary period. At December 31, 2013, the second largest troubled debt restructured relationship consisted of an accruing commercial mortgage relationship with a carrying value of $8.1 million, secured by a hotel industry property. The restructuring took place in the third quarter of 2012 and included a modification of certain payment terms and a below market interest rate reduction for a temporary period on approximately $3.1 million of the total balance. In


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connection with this restructuring, additional collateral was also provided by the borrower during the third quarter of 2012. The third largest troubled debt restructured relationship consisted of a commercial mortgage with a carrying value of $4.9 million, secured by commercial property. The restructuring took place in the third quarter of 2013 and included a modification of certain payment terms and a below market rate concession for a temporary period. In connection with this restructuring, a principal paydown of $1.2 million was provided by the borrower during the third quarter of 2013.

During the second quarter of 2013, a payoff was received on an accruing troubled debt restructured commercial and industrial loan relationship that had a carrying value of $4.7 million at December 31, 2012.

Potential Problem Loans
The Corporation classifies certain loans as “substandard,” “doubtful,” or “loss” based on criteria consistent with guidelines provided by banking regulators.  Potential problem loans consist of classified accruing commercial loans that were less than 90 days past due at December 31, 2013 and other loans for which known information about possible credit problems of the related borrowers causes management to have doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms and which may result in disclosure of such loans as nonperforming at some time in the future.  These loans are not included in the amounts of nonaccrual or restructured loans presented above.  Management cannot predict the extent to which economic conditions or other factors may impact borrowers and the potential problem loans.  Accordingly, there can be no assurance that other loans will not become 90 days or more past due, be placed on nonaccrual, become restructured, or require increased allowance coverage and provision for loan losses. The Corporation has identified approximately $931 thousand in potential problem loans at December 31, 2013, compared to $6.4 million at December 31, 2012. Included in potential problem loans at the end of 2012 was the $5.1 million commercial mortgage described above under the caption “Nonaccrual loans.” Potential problem loans are assessed for loss exposure using the methods described in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators.”

Allowance for Loan Losses
Establishing an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment.  The Corporation uses a methodology to systematically measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses.  See additional discussion regarding the allowance for loan losses under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” and in Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The allowance for loan losses is management’s best estimate of probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to earnings and by recoveries of amounts previously charged off, and is reduced by charge-offs on loans. The status of nonaccrual loans, delinquent loans and performing loans were all taken into consideration in the assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loans losses.   In addition, the balance and trends of credit quality indicators, including the commercial loan categories of Pass, Special Mention and Classified, are integrated into the process used to determine the allocation of loss exposure.  See Note 5 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators.”  Management believes that the level of allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2013 is adequate and consistent with asset quality and delinquency indicators. Management will continue to assess the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses in accordance with its established policies.

The Bank’s general practice is to identify problem credits early and recognize full or partial charge-offs as promptly as practicable when it is determined that the collection of loan principal is unlikely.  The Bank recognizes full or partial charge-offs on collateral dependent impaired loans when the collateral is deemed to be insufficient to support the carrying value of the loan.  The Bank does not recognize a recovery when an updated appraisal indicates a subsequent increase in value.

The estimation of loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio includes, among other procedures, (1) identification of loss allocations for individual loans deemed to be impaired in accordance with GAAP, (2) loss allocation factors for non-impaired loans based on credit grade, loss experience, delinquency factors and other similar credit quality indicators, and (3) an additional unallocated allowance is maintained for measurement imprecision attributable to uncertainty in the economic environment and ever changing conditions and to reflect management’s consideration of qualitative and quantitative assessments of other environmental factors.  We periodically reassess and revise the loss allocation factors used in the assignment of loss exposure to appropriately reflect our analysis of migrational loss experience.  We analyze


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historical loss experience in the various portfolios over periods deemed to be relevant to the inherent risk of loss in the respective portfolios as of the balance sheet date.  Revisions to loss allocation factors are not retroactively applied.

The methodology to measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure includes an analysis of individual loans deemed to be impaired. Impaired loans are loans for which it is probable that the Bank will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements and all loans restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  Impaired loans do not include large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, which consist of most residential mortgage loans and consumer loans.  Impairment is measured on a discounted cash flow method based upon the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price, or if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell.  For collateral dependent loans, management may adjust appraised values to reflect estimated market value declines or apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of circumstances associated with the property.

The following is a summary of impaired loans by measurement type:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Collateral dependent impaired loans  (1)

$21,940

 

$23,359

Impaired loans measured on discounted cash flow method (2)
15,553

 
12,188

Total impaired loans

$37,493

 

$35,547

(1)
Net of partial charge-offs of $2.4 million and $2.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.
(2)
Net of partial charge-offs of $141 thousand and $92 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

Impaired loans consist of nonaccrual commercial loans, troubled debt restructured loans and other loans classified as impaired. The loss allocation on impaired loans amounted to $1.5 million and $2.9 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.  Various loan loss allowance coverage ratios are affected by the timing and extent of charge-offs, particularly with respect to impaired collateral dependent loans.  For such loans the Bank generally recognizes a partial charge-off equal to the identified loss exposure, therefore the remaining allocation of loss is minimal.

Other individual commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans not deemed to be impaired are evaluated using the internal rating system and the application of loss allocation factors.  The loan rating system is described under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators” in Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  The loan rating system and the related loss allocation factors take into consideration parameters including the borrower’s financial condition, the borrower’s performance with respect to loan terms, and the adequacy of collateral.  Portfolios of more homogeneous populations of loans including residential mortgages and consumer loans are analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency ratios and other indicators and our historical loss experience for each type of credit product. We continue to periodically reassess and revise the loss allocation factors and estimates used in the assignment of loss exposure to appropriately reflect our analysis of migrational loss experience.

Appraisals are generally obtained with values determined on an “as is” basis from independent appraisal firms for real estate collateral dependent commercial loans in the process of collection or when warranted by other deterioration in the borrower’s credit status.  Updates to appraisals are generally obtained for troubled or nonaccrual loans or when management believes it is warranted.  The Corporation has continued to maintain appropriate professional standards regarding the professional qualifications of appraisers and has an internal review process to monitor the quality of appraisals.

For residential mortgages and real estate collateral dependent consumer loans that are in the process of collection, valuations are obtained from independent appraisal firms with values determined on an “as is” basis.

For 2013 and 2012, the loan loss provision totaled $2.4 million and $2.7 million, respectively.  Net charge-offs were $5.4 million, or 0.23% of average loans in 2013 and $1.6 million, or 0.07%, of average loans, in 2012.  Net charge-offs


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in 2013 included a $4.0 million charge-off recognized in the second quarter on one commercial mortgage loan. This loan was paid off in the fourth quarter of 2013. See additional discussion regarding this charge-off under the caption “Nonaccrual Loans.”

As of December 31, 2013, the allowance for loan losses was $27.9 million, or 1.13% of total loans, compared to $30.9 million, or 1.35% of total loans, at December 31, 2012.  The decline in the ratio of the allowance for loan losses to total loans reflects charge-offs and a decrease in specific reserves on impaired loans. The decline in this ratio also reflects a decrease in estimated loss exposure on loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as evidenced by improvement in commercial loan portfolio credit quality indicators. See Note 5 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators.”

The following table presents additional detail on the Corporation’s loan portfolio and associated allowance for loan losses as of the dates indicated.
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Loans
Related Allowance
Allowance / Loans
 
Loans
Related Allowance
Allowance / Loans
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment

$37,493


$1,481

3.95
%
 

$35,547


$2,880

8.10
%
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
2,425,391

18,494

0.76
%
 
2,258,456

19,700

0.87
%
Unallocated
—

7,911

—

 
—

8,293

—

Total

$2,462,884


$27,886

1.13
%
 

$2,294,003


$30,873

1.35
%




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The following table reflects the activity in the allowance for loan losses during the years presented:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Balance at beginning of period

$30,873

 

$29,802

 

$28,583

 

$27,400

 

$23,725

Charge-offs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
5,213

 
485

 
960

 
1,284

 
1,615

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
358

 
1,179

 
1,685

 
2,983

 
2,907

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
128

 
367

 
641

 
646

 
417

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer
323

 
304

 
548

 
489

 
223

Total charge-offs
6,022

 
2,335

 
3,834

 
5,402

 
5,162

Recoveries:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
380

 
442

 
7

 
132

 
37

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
153

 
103

 
311

 
196

 
251

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
3

 
110

 
4

 
233

 
28

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer
99

 
51

 
31

 
24

 
21

Total recoveries
635

 
706

 
353

 
585

 
337

Net charge-offs
5,387

 
1,629

 
3,481

 
4,817

 
4,825

Provision charged to earnings
2,400

 
2,700

 
4,700

 
6,000

 
8,500

Balance at end of period

$27,886

 

$30,873

 

$29,802

 

$28,583

 

$27,400

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans
0.23
%
 
0.07
%
 
0.17
%
 
0.24
%
 
0.25
%



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The following table presents the allocation of the allowance for loan losses. The allocation below is neither indicative of the specific amounts or the loan categories in which future charge-offs may occur, nor is it an indicator of any future loss trends. The allocation of the allowance to each category does not restrict the use of the allowance to absorb any losses in any category.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

 
2010

 
2009

Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$6,969

 

$9,407

 

$8,195

 

$7,330

 

$7,360

% of these loans to all loans
32
%
 
31
%
 
29
%
 
26
%
 
26
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and development
362

 
224

 
95

 
723

 
874

% of these loans to all loans
2
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
 
2
%
 
4
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
5,433

 
5,996

 
6,200

 
6,495

 
6,423

% of these loans to all loans
22
%
 
23
%
 
22
%
 
23
%
 
21
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
4,571

 
4,132

 
4,575

 
4,081

 
3,638

% of these loans to all loans
30
%
 
30
%
 
32
%
 
31
%
 
31
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Homeowner construction
129

 
137

 
119

 
48

 
43

% of these loans to all loans
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer
2,511

 
2,684

 
2,452

 
1,903

 
1,346

% of these loans to all loans
13
%
 
14
%
 
15
%
 
17
%
 
17
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unallocated
7,911

 
8,293

 
8,166

 
8,003

 
7,716

Balance at end of period

$27,886

 

$30,873

 

$29,802

 

$28,583

 

$27,400

 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%
 
100
%


Sources of Funds
Our sources of funds include deposits, brokered certificates of deposit, FHLBB borrowings, other borrowings and proceeds from the sales, maturities and payments of loans and investment securities.  Washington Trust uses funds to originate and purchase loans, purchase investment securities, conduct operations, expand the branch network and pay dividends to shareholders.

Management’s preferred strategy for funding asset growth is to grow low cost deposits (demand deposit, NOW and savings accounts).  Asset growth in excess of low cost deposits is typically funded through higher cost deposits (certificates of deposit and money market accounts), brokered certificates of deposit, FHLBB borrowings, and securities portfolio cash flow.

Deposits
Washington Trust offers a wide variety of deposit products to consumer and business customers.  Deposits provide an important source of funding for the Bank as well as an ongoing stream of fee revenue.

Washington Trust is a participant in the Insured Cash Sweep (“ICS”) program, Demand Deposit Marketplace (“DDM”) program, and the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (“CDARS”) program. Washington Trust uses these deposit sweep services to place customer funds into interest-bearing demand accounts, money market accounts, and/or certificates of deposits issued by other participating banks. Customer funds are placed at one or more participating bank


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to ensure that each deposit customer is eligible for the full amount of FDIC insurance. As a program participant, we receive reciprocal amounts of deposits from other participating banks. ICS, DDM and CDARS deposits are considered to be brokered deposits for bank regulatory purposes. We consider these reciprocal deposit balances to be in-market deposits as distinguished from traditional out of- market brokered deposits.

Total deposits amounted to $2.51 billion at December 31, 2013, up by $192.7 million, or 8%, from December 31, 2012, with increases in lower-cost categories of deposits.  Excluding out-of-market brokered certificates of deposit, in-market deposits were up by $197.3 million, or 9%, in 2013.

Demand deposits totaled $440.8 million at December 31, 2013, up by $60.9 million, or 16%, from the balance at December 31, 2012, largely due to new commercial and cash management relationships.  Also included in demand deposits at December 31, 2013 were DDM reciprocal demand deposits of $11.3 million. There were no DDM reciprocal demand deposits at the end of 2012.

NOW account balances increased by $18.6 million, or 6%, and totaled $309.8 million at December 31, 2013.

During 2013, savings deposits increased by $22.4 million, or 8%, and amounted to $297.4 million at December 31, 2013. Money market accounts totaled $666.6 million at December 31, 2013, up by $170.2 million, or 34%, from December 31, 2012. Included in money market deposits were ICS reciprocal money market deposits totaling $202.4 million at December 31, 2013, up from $142.8 million at December 31, 2012.

Time deposits amounted to $790.8 million at December 31, 2013, down by $79.5 million, or 9%, from December 31, 2012.  Included in in-market time deposits were CDARS reciprocal time deposits of $157.0 million and $166.8 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
The Corporation utilizes advances from the FHLBB as well as other borrowings as part of its overall funding strategy.  FHLBB advances are utilized used to meet short-term liquidity needs, to purchase securities and to purchase loans from other institutions.  FHLBB advances amounted to $288.1 million at December 31, 2013, down by $73.1 million from the balance at the end of 2012, reflecting less need for wholesale funding due to strong deposit growth in 2013. See the additional disclosure regarding the prepayment of FHLBB advances in March 2014 in the section “Overview” under the heading “Subsequent Event.”

In connection with the Corporation’s ongoing interest rate risk management efforts, balance sheet management transactions were conducted in 2013 and 2012 that included the prepayment of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) advances and modifications of terms of FHLBB advances.

In 2013, FHLBB advances totaling $24.5 million with a weighted average interest rate of 2.48% and a weighted average remaining maturity of 42 months were prepaid and as a result, debt prepayment penalty expense of $1.1 million was recognized. The Corporation also modified the terms to extend the maturity dates of $72.5 million of its FHLBB advances with original maturity dates in 2015. The original weighted average interest rate was 3.68% and was revised to 3.09% with maturities ranging from 2017 to 2019.

In 2012, FHLBB advances totaling $86.2 million with a weighted average interest rate of 3.09% and a weighted average remaining maturity of 20 months were prepaid and as a result, debt prepayment penalty expense of $3.9 million was recognized. Also the terms of $113.0 million in FHLBB advances were modified, extending these advances into longer terms lowering the weighted average rate from 4.18% to 3.22%.

Junior Subordinated Debentures
Junior subordinated debentures amounted to $22.7 million at December 31, 2013, down by $10.3 million from the balance at December 31, 2012, due to a redemption of junior subordinated dentures in June 2013. The source of funds used for the redemption were made available from our balance sheet liquidity.



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Redemption of Certain Trust Preferred Securities and Related Junior Subordinated Debentures
The Bancorp was the sponsor of the Washington Preferred Capital Trust, a statutory trust created for the sole purpose of the April 7, 2008 issuance of trust preferred securities, the proceeds of which were invested in junior subordinated debentures of the Bancorp. On June 17, 2013, the Bancorp redeemed in whole at par the outstanding trust preferred securities and related subordinated debentures totaling $10.0 million. The Bancorp also had a related interest rate swap contract designated as a cash flow hedge, which matured at redemption or June 17, 2013. Including the cost of the related interest rate swap contract, the rate on this debt was approximately 5.69% at the time of redemption. In connection with the redemption, unamortized debit issuance costs of $244 thousand were expensed and classified as interest expense in June 2013.

Other Liabilities
Other liabilities decreased by $25.3 million from December 31, 2012, reflecting a decline in defined benefit pension plan liabilities. In September 2013, the Corporation amended its defined benefit pension plan primarily to freeze benefit accruals after a ten-year transition period ending in December 2023. See Note 15 for additional disclosure regarding the Corporation’s defined benefit pension plans.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity Management
Liquidity is the ability of a financial institution to meet maturing liability obligations and customer loan demand.  Washington Trust’s primary source of liquidity is deposits, which funded approximately 81% of total average assets in 2013.  While the generally preferred funding strategy is to attract and retain low cost deposits, the ability to do so is affected by competitive interest rates and terms in the marketplace.  Other sources of funding include discretionary use of purchased liabilities (e.g., FHLBB term advances and other borrowings), cash flows from the Corporation’s securities portfolios and loan repayments.  Securities designated as available for sale may also be sold in response to short-term or long-term liquidity needs although management has no intention to do so at this time.

Washington Trust has a detailed liquidity funding policy and a contingency funding plan that provide for the prompt and comprehensive response to unexpected demands for liquidity.  Management employs stress testing methodology to estimate needs for contingent funding that could result from unexpected outflows of funds in excess of “business as usual” cash flows.  In management’s estimation, risks are concentrated in two major categories: (1) runoff of in-market deposit balances; and (2) unexpected drawdown of loan commitments.  Of the two categories, potential runoff of deposit balances would have the most significant impact on contingent liquidity.  Our stress test scenarios, therefore, emphasize attempts to quantify deposits at risk over selected time horizons.  In addition to these unexpected outflow risks, several other “business as usual” factors enter into the calculation of the adequacy of contingent liquidity including (1) payment proceeds from loans and investment securities; (2) maturing debt obligations; and (3) maturing time deposits.  Washington Trust has established collateralized borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston and also maintains additional collateralized borrowing capacity with the FHLBB in excess of levels used in the ordinary course of business.

The ALCO establishes and monitors internal liquidity measures to manage liquidity exposure.  Liquidity remained well within target ranges established by the ALCO during 2013.  Based on its assessment of the liquidity considerations described above, management believes the Corporation’s sources of funding meets anticipated funding needs.

In 2013, net cash used in financing activities amounted to $95.9 million.  Total deposits increased by $192.7 million, while FHLBB advances decreased by $73.1 million. In addition, cash dividends paid totaled $16.6 million in 2013 and $10.3 million was used in connection with the 2013 redemption of junior subordinated debentures.  Net cash used in investing activities totaled $184.1 million in 2013.  The most significant elements of cash flow within investment activities were net outflows related to growth in the loan portfolio, offset by cash received from maturities, principal payments and sales of securities available for sale, primarily mortgage-backed securities.  Net cash provided by operating activities amounted to $80.9 million in 2013. Net income totaled $36.2 million in 2013 and the most significant adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities pertain to mortgage banking activities. See the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for further information about sources and uses of cash.



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Capital Resources
Total shareholders’ equity amounted to $329.6 million at December 31, 2013, compared to $295.7 million at December 31, 2012, including $36.2 million of earnings retention and a reduction of $17.2 million for dividend declarations. Also included in the increase in shareholders’ equity was total other comprehensive income, net of tax, of $8.9 million in 2013. This primarily consisted of an after-tax beneficial impact of $13.1 million in defined benefit plan obligations, offset, in part, by reductions in the fair value of securities available for sale. See Note 15 for additional disclosure regarding the 2013 amendment to the Corporation’s defined benefit pension plans.

The Corporation’s 2006 Stock Repurchase Plan authorizes the repurchase of up to 400,000 shares.  As of December 31, 2013, a cumulative total of 185,400 shares have been repurchased. All of these shares of stock were repurchased in 2007 at a total cost of $4.8 million.

The ratio of total equity to total assets amounted to 10.34% at December 31, 2013.  This compares to a ratio of 9.62% at December 31, 2012.  Book value per share at December 31, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $19.84 and $18.05, respectively.

The Bancorp and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements.  As of December 31, 2013, the Bancorp and the Bank are categorized as “well-capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. As disclosed in the “Sources of Funds” section under the caption “Borrowings,” the Bancorp redeemed junior subordinated debentures issued to Washington Preferred Capital Trust on June 17, 2013. This transaction reduced the regulatory capital levels of total capital and Tier 1 capital in the Bancorp and the Bank by approximately $10.0 million.

See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of capital requirements.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments
The Corporation has entered into numerous contractual obligations and commitments.  The following table summarizes our contractual cash obligations and other commitments at December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in thousands)
Payments Due by Period
 
Total
 
Less Than 
1 Year (1)
 
1-3 Years
 
3-5 Years
 
After
5 Years
Contractual Obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FHLBB advances (2)

$288,082

 

$2,519

 

$86,635

 

$148,178

 

$50,750

Junior subordinated debentures
22,681

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
22,681

Operating lease obligations
22,185

 
2,542

 
3,548

 
2,605

 
13,490

Software licensing arrangements
4,569

 
2,245

 
2,275

 
49

 
—

Other borrowings
178

 
44

 
101

 
33

 
—

Total contractual obligations

$337,695

 

$7,350

 

$92,559

 

$150,865

 

$86,921

(1)
Maturities or contractual obligations are considered by management in the administration of liquidity and are routinely refinanced in the ordinary course of business.
(2)
All FHLBB advances are shown in the period corresponding to their scheduled maturity.  Some FHLBB advances are callable at earlier dates.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.



-67-

(Dollars in thousands)
Amount of Commitment Expiration – Per Period
 
Total
 
Less Than
1 Year
 
1-3 Years
 
3-5 Years
 
After
5 Years
Other Commitments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans

$259,061

 

$139,921

 

$66,554

 

$21,955

 

$30,631

Home equity lines
198,432

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
198,432

Other loans
35,175

 
26,411

 
4,639

 
4,125

 
—

Standby letters of credit
1,363

 
1,116

 
100

 
147

 
—

Forward loan commitments to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Originate loans
17,910

 
17,910

 
—

 
—

 
—

Sell loans
29,364

 
29,364

 
—

 
—

 
—

Customer related derivative contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps with customers
105,582

 
28,945

 
12,277

 
25,301

 
39,059

Mirror swaps with counterparties
105,582

 
28,945

 
12,277

 
25,301

 
39,059

Interest rate risk management contract:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap
22,681

 
—

 
22,681

 
—

 
—

Total commitments

$775,150

 

$272,612

 

$118,528

 

$76,829

 

$307,181


Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, Washington Trust engages in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with GAAP, are not recorded in the financial statements, or are recorded in amounts that differ from the notional amounts.  Such transactions are used to meet the financing needs of its customers and to manage the exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.  These financial transactions include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, interest rate swaps, and commitments to originate and commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans.  These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate and liquidity risk.  The Corporation’s credit policies with respect to interest rate swap agreements with commercial borrowers, commitments to extend credit, and standby letters of credit are similar to those used for loans.  The interest rate swaps with other counterparties are generally subject to bilateral collateralization terms.

For additional information on derivative financial instruments and financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk see Notes 13 and 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details of recently issued accounting pronouncements and their expected impact on the Corporation’s financial statements.

Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the primary market risk category associated with the Corporation’s operations. Interest rate risk is the risk of loss to future earnings due to changes in interest rates.  The ALCO is responsible for establishing policy guidelines on liquidity and acceptable exposure to interest rate risk.  Periodically, the ALCO reports on the status of liquidity and interest rate risk matters to the Bank’s Board of Directors.  The objective of the ALCO is to manage assets and funding sources to produce results that are consistent with Washington Trust’s liquidity, capital adequacy, growth, risk and profitability goals.

The ALCO manages the Corporation’s interest rate risk using income simulation to measure interest rate risk inherent in the Corporation’s on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet financial instruments at a given point in time by showing the effect of interest rate shifts on net interest income over a 12-month horizon, the 13- to 24-month horizon and a 60-month horizon.  The simulations assume that the size and general composition of the Corporation’s balance sheet remain static over the simulation horizons, with the exception of certain deposit mix shifts from low-cost core savings to higher-cost time deposits in selected interest rate scenarios.  Additionally, the simulations take into account the specific repricing,


-68-

maturity, call options, and prepayment characteristics of differing financial instruments that may vary under different interest rate scenarios.  The characteristics of financial instrument classes are reviewed periodically by the ALCO to ensure their accuracy and consistency.

The ALCO reviews simulation results to determine whether the Corporation’s exposure to a decline in net interest income remains within established tolerance levels over the simulation horizons and to develop appropriate strategies to manage this exposure.  As of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, net interest income simulations indicated that exposure to changing interest rates over the simulation horizons remained within tolerance levels established by the Corporation.  The Corporation defines maximum unfavorable net interest income exposure to be a change of no more than 5% in net interest income over the first 12 months, no more than 10% over the second 12 months, and no more than 10% over the full 60-month simulation horizon.  All changes are measured in comparison to the projected net interest income that would result from an “unchanged” rate scenario where both interest rates and the composition of the Corporation’s balance sheet remain stable for a 60-month period.  In addition to measuring the change in net interest income as compared to an unchanged interest rate scenario, the ALCO also measures the trend of both net interest income and net interest margin over a 60-month horizon to ensure the stability and adequacy of this source of earnings in different interest rate scenarios.

The ALCO regularly reviews a wide variety of interest rate shift scenario results to evaluate interest risk exposure, including scenarios showing the effect of steepening or flattening changes in the yield curve of up to 500 basis points as well as parallel changes in interest rates of up to 400 basis points.  Because income simulations assume that the Corporation’s balance sheet will remain static over the simulation horizon, the results do not reflect adjustments in strategy that the ALCO could implement in response to rate shifts.

The following table sets forth the estimated change in net interest income from an unchanged interest rate scenario over the periods indicated for parallel changes in market interest rates using the Corporation’s on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.  Interest rates are assumed to shift by a parallel 100, 200 or 300 basis points upward or 100 basis points downward over a 12-month period, except for core savings deposits, which are assumed to shift by lesser amounts due to their relative historical insensitivity to market interest rate movements.  Further, deposits are assumed to have certain minimum rate levels below which they will not fall.  It should be noted that the rate scenarios shown do not necessarily reflect the ALCO’s view of the “most likely” change in interest rates over the periods indicated.
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
Months 1 - 12
 
Months 13 - 24
 
Months 1 - 12
 
Months 13 - 24
100 basis point rate decrease
(1.66)%
 
(6.02)%
 
(2.33)%
 
(7.33)%
100 basis point rate increase
2.22%
 
3.91%
 
3.11%
 
5.86%
200 basis point rate increase
4.44%
 
7.16%
 
6.36%
 
10.98%
300 basis point rate increase
5.30%
 
6.98%
 
8.34%
 
13.19%

The ALCO estimates that the negative exposure of net interest income to falling rates as compared to an unchanged rate scenario results from a more rapid decline in earning asset yields compared to rates paid on deposits.  If market interest rates were to fall from their already low levels and remain lower for a sustained period, certain core savings and time deposit rates could decline more slowly and by a lesser amount than other market rates.  Asset yields would likely decline more rapidly than deposit costs as current asset holdings mature or reprice, since cash flow from mortgage-related prepayments and redemption of callable securities would increase as market rates fall.

The positive exposure of net interest income to rising rates as compared to an unchanged rate scenario results from a more rapid projected relative rate of increase in asset yields than funding costs over the near term.  For simulation purposes, deposit rate changes are anticipated to lag behind other market rates in both timing and magnitude.  The ALCO’s estimate of interest rate risk exposure to rising rate environments, including those involving changes to the shape of the yield curve, incorporates certain assumptions regarding the shift in deposit balances from low-cost core savings categories to higher-cost deposit categories, which has characterized a shift in funding mix during the past rising interest rate cycles.


-69-

The relative decrease in positive exposure of net interest income to rising rates from December 31, 2012 to December 31, 2013 was largely attributable to changes in balance sheet composition and steepening of the yield curve.

While the ALCO reviews and updates simulation assumptions and also periodically back-tests the simulation results to ensure that the assumptions are reasonable and current, income simulation may not always prove to be an accurate indicator of interest rate risk or future net interest margin.  Over time, the repricing, maturity and prepayment characteristics of financial instruments and the composition of the Corporation’s balance sheet may change to a different degree than estimated.  Simulation modeling assumes a static balance sheet, with the exception of certain modeled deposit mix shifts from low-cost core savings deposits to higher-cost time deposits in rising rate scenarios as noted above.  Due to the current level of low market interest rates, the banking industry has experienced relatively strong growth in low-cost FDIC-insured core savings deposits over the past several years.  The ALCO recognizes that a portion of these increased levels of low-cost balances could shift into higher yielding alternatives in the future, particularly if interest rates rise and as confidence in financial markets strengthens, and has modeled increased amounts of deposit shifts out of these low-cost categories into higher-cost alternatives in the rising rate simulation scenarios presented above.  Deposit balances may also be subject to possible outflow to non-bank alternatives in a rising rate environment, which may cause interest rate sensitivity to differ from the results as presented. Another significant simulation assumption is the sensitivity of core savings deposits to fluctuations in interest rates. Income simulation results assume that changes in both core savings deposit rates and balances are related to changes in short-term interest rates. The relationship between short-term interest rate changes and core deposit rate and balance changes may differ from the ALCO’s estimates used in income simulation. It should also be noted that the static balance sheet assumption does not necessarily reflect the Corporation’s expectation for future balance sheet growth, which is a function of the business environment and customer behavior. Lastly, mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans involve a level of risk that unforeseen changes in prepayment speeds may cause related cash flows to vary significantly in differing rate environments.  Such changes could affect the level of reinvestment risk associated with cash flow from these instruments, as well as their market value.  Changes in prepayment speeds could also increase or decrease the amortization of premium or accretion of discounts related to such instruments, thereby affecting interest income.

The Corporation also monitors the potential change in market value of its available for sale debt securities in changing interest rate environments.  The purpose is to determine market value exposure that may not be captured by income simulation, but which might result in changes to the Corporation’s capital position.  Results are calculated using industry-standard analytical techniques and securities data.  

The following table summarizes the potential change in market value of the Corporation’s available for sale debt securities of December 31, 2013 and 2012 resulting from immediate parallel rate shifts:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Security Type
Down 100 Basis Points
 
Up 200 Basis Points
U.S. government-sponsored enterprise securities (noncallable)

$139

 

($274
)
U.S. government sponsored enterprise securities (callable)
463

 
(2,335
)
States and political subdivisions
1,169

 
(2,449
)
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
5,046

 
(16,641
)
Trust preferred debt and other corporate debt securities
46

 
858

Total change in market value as of December 31, 2013

$6,863

 

($20,841
)
 
 
 
 
Total change in market value as of December 31, 2012

$4,700

 

($12,824
)

See Notes 13 and 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the nature and business purpose of derivative financial instruments and financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk.



-70-

ITEM 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Information regarding quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk appears under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” under the caption “Asset/Liability Management and Interest Rate Risk.”

ITEM 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The financial statements and supplementary data are contained herein.
Description
 
Page
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
72
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
73
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012
 
75
Consolidated Statements of Income For the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
76
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
77
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
78
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
79
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
81


-71-

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Corporation”) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Corporation. The Corporation’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and the Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

The Corporation’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013.  In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992).  Based on our assessment, we believe that, as of December 31, 2013, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

The Corporation’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.  This report appears on the following page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.



/s/ Joseph J. MarcAurele
/s/ David V. Devault
Joseph J. MarcAurele
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
David V. Devault
Vice Chair, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer



-72-

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

[Graphic Omitted]


The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc:

We have audited Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ (the “Corporation’s”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  The Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Corporation as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, and our report dated March 7, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.


/s/ KPMG LLP
Providence, Rhode Island
March 7, 2014


-73-

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

[Graphic Omitted]


The Board of Directors and Shareholders
Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Corporation”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013.  These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 7, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP
Providence, Rhode Island
March 7, 2014



-74-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands,
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
except par value)

December 31,
2013

 
2012

Assets:
 
 
 
Cash and due from banks

$81,939

 

$73,474

Short-term investments
3,378

 
19,176

Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value
11,636

 
50,056

Securities:
 
 
 
Available for sale, at fair value
392,903

 
375,498

Held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value $29,865 in 2013 and $41,420 in 2012)
29,905

 
40,381

Total securities
422,808

 
415,879

Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
37,730

 
40,418

Loans:
 
 
 
Commercial
1,363,335

 
1,252,419

Residential real estate
772,674

 
717,681

Consumer
326,875

 
323,903

Total loans
2,462,884

 
2,294,003

Less allowance for loan losses
27,886

 
30,873

Net loans
2,434,998

 
2,263,130

Premises and equipment, net
25,402

 
27,232

Investment in bank-owned life insurance
56,673

 
54,823

Goodwill
58,114

 
58,114

Identifiable intangible assets, net
5,493

 
6,173

Other assets
50,696

 
63,409

Total assets

$3,188,867

 

$3,071,884

Liabilities:
 
 
 
Deposits:
 
 
 
Demand deposits

$440,785

 

$379,889

NOW accounts
309,771

 
291,174

Money market accounts
666,646

 
496,402

Savings accounts
297,357

 
274,934

Time deposits
790,762

 
870,232

Total deposits
2,505,321

 
2,312,631

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
288,082

 
361,172

Junior subordinated debentures
22,681

 
32,991

Other borrowings
178

 
1,212

Other liabilities
42,959

 
68,226

Total liabilities
2,859,221

 
2,776,232

Commitments and contingencies


 


Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
Common stock of $.0625 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 16,613,561 shares in 2013 and 16,379,771 shares in 2012
1,038

 
1,024

Paid-in capital
97,566

 
91,453

Retained earnings
232,595

 
213,674

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1,553
)
 
(10,499
)
Total shareholders’ equity
329,646

 
295,652

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

$3,188,867

 

$3,071,884




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-75-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars and shares in thousands,
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
except per share amounts)

Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest and fees on loans

$102,481

 

$102,656

 

$99,319

Interest on securities:
Taxable
11,008

 
15,359

 
18,704

 
Nontaxable
2,553

 
2,699

 
3,001

Dividends on corporate stock and Federal Home Loan Bank stock
148

 
256

 
253

Other interest income
158

 
91

 
69

Total interest and dividend income
116,348

 
121,061

 
121,346

Interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
12,420

 
13,590

 
15,692

Federal Home Loan Bank advances
10,643

 
14,957

 
18,158

Junior subordinated debentures
1,484

 
1,570

 
1,568

Other interest expense
16

 
248

 
973

Total interest expense
24,563

 
30,365

 
36,391

Net interest income
91,785

 
90,696

 
84,955

Provision for loan losses
2,400

 
2,700

 
4,700

Net interest income after provision for loan losses
89,385

 
87,996

 
80,255

Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
Wealth management revenues
31,825

 
29,641

 
28,306

Service charges on deposit accounts
3,256

 
3,193

 
3,455

Merchant processing fees
10,220

 
10,159

 
9,905

Card interchange fees
2,788

 
2,480

 
2,249

Income from bank-owned life insurance
1,850

 
2,448

 
1,939

Net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others
13,085

 
14,092

 
5,074

Net realized gains on securities
—

 
1,223

 
698

Net gains on interest rate swap contracts
951

 
255

 
6

Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
(107
)
 
196

 
(213
)
Other income
1,701

 
1,748

 
1,536

Noninterest income, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses
65,569

 
65,435

 
52,955

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities
(294
)
 
(28
)
 
(54
)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (before tax)
(3,195
)
 
(193
)
 
(137
)
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
(3,489
)
 
(221
)
 
(191
)
Total noninterest income
62,080

 
65,214

 
52,764

Noninterest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and employee benefits
60,052

 
59,786

 
51,095

Net occupancy
5,769

 
6,039

 
5,295

Equipment
4,847

 
4,640

 
4,344

Merchant processing costs
8,682

 
8,593

 
8,560

Outsourced services
3,662

 
3,560

 
3,530

Legal, audit and professional fees
2,330

 
2,240

 
1,927

FDIC deposit insurance costs
1,761

 
1,730

 
2,043

Advertising and promotion
1,464

 
1,730

 
1,819

Amortization of intangibles
680

 
728

 
951

Foreclosed property costs
258

 
762

 
878

Debt prepayment penalties
1,125

 
3,908

 
694

Other expenses
8,155

 
8,622

 
9,237

Total noninterest expense
98,785

 
102,338

 
90,373

Income before income taxes
52,680

 
50,872

 
42,646

Income tax expense
16,527

 
15,798

 
12,922

Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic
16,506

 
16,358

 
16,254

Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted
16,664

 
16,401

 
16,284

Per share information:
Basic earnings per common share

$2.18

 

$2.13

 

$1.82

 
Diluted earnings per common share

$2.16

 

$2.13

 

$1.82

 
Cash dividends declared per share

$1.03

 

$0.94

 

$0.88


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-76-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of securities available for sale
(6,808
)
 
(2,666
)
 
1,622

Net losses (gains) on securities classified into earnings
188

 
(768
)
 
(415
)
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale
(6,620
)
 
(3,434
)
 
1,207

Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred into earnings
2,049

 
125

 
88

Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges
(35
)
 
(333
)
 
(942
)
Net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into earnings
423

 
454

 
486

Net change in fair value of cash flow hedges
388

 
121

 
(456
)
Defined benefit plan obligation adjustment
13,129

 
(5,416
)
 
(6,759
)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
8,946

 
(8,604
)
 
(5,920
)
Total comprehensive income

$45,099

 

$26,470

 

$23,804



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-77-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars and shares in thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 
Common
Shares
Outstanding
 
Common
Stock
 
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Total
Balance at January 1, 2011
16,172

 

$1,011

 

$84,889

 

$178,939

 

$4,025

 

$268,864

Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
29,724

 
 
 
29,724

Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5,920
)
 
(5,920
)
Cash dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 
(14,465
)
 
 
 
(14,465
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
1,394

 
 
 
 
 
1,394

Exercise of stock options, issuance of other compensation-related equity instruments and related tax benefit
87

 
5

 
995

 
 
 
 
 
1,000

Shares issued – dividend reinvestment plan
33

 
2

 
752

 
 
 
 
 
754

Balance at December 31, 2011
16,292

 

$1,018

 

$88,030

 

$194,198

 

($1,895
)
 

$281,351

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
35,074

 
 
 
35,074

Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8,604
)
 
(8,604
)
Cash dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 
(15,598
)
 
 
 
(15,598
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
1,962

 
 
 
 
 
1,962

Deferred compensation plan
10

 
1

 
145

 
 
 
 
 
146

Exercise of stock options, issuance of other compensation-related equity instruments and related tax benefit
78

 
5

 
1,316

 
 
 
 
 
1,321

Balance at December 31, 2012
16,380

 

$1,024

 

$91,453

 

$213,674

 

($10,499
)
 

$295,652

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 
36,153

 
 
 
36,153

Total other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8,946

 
8,946

Cash dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 
(17,232
)
 
 
 
(17,232
)
Share-based compensation
 
 
 
 
1,876

 
 
 
 
 
1,876

Deferred compensation plan
2

 
—

 
30

 
 
 
 
 
30

Exercise of stock options, issuance of other compensation-related equity instruments and related tax benefit
232

 
14

 
4,207

 
 
 
 
 
4,221

Balance at December 31, 2013
16,614

 

$1,038

 

$97,566

 

$232,595

 

($1,553
)
 

$329,646




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-78-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 

Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
2,400

 
2,700

 
4,700

Depreciation of premises and equipment
3,283

 
3,213

 
3,174

Foreclosed and repossessed property valuation adjustments
79

 
350

 
642

Net gain on sale of premises
—

 
(358
)
 
(211
)
Net amortization of premium and discount
1,401

 
2,127

 
1,768

Net amortization of intangibles
680

 
728

 
951

Non–cash charitable contribution
—

 
—

 
990

Share–based compensation
1,876

 
1,962

 
1,394

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
2,267

 
1,328

 
(863
)
Income from bank-owned life insurance
(1,850
)
 
(2,448
)
 
(1,939
)
Net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others
(13,085
)
 
(14,092
)
 
(5,074
)
Net realized gains on securities
—

 
(1,223
)
 
(698
)
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings
3,489

 
221

 
191

Net gains on interest rate swap contracts
(951
)
 
(255
)
 
(6
)
Equity in (earnings) losses of unconsolidated subsidiaries
107

 
(196
)
 
213

Proceeds from sales of loans
415,186

 
479,925

 
208,275

Loans originated for sale
(369,045
)
 
(495,271
)
 
(206,242
)
Decrease (increase) in other assets
2,589

 
(7,987
)
 
(2,804
)
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities
(3,729
)
 
(331
)
 
3,014

Net cash provided by operating activities
80,850

 
5,467

 
37,199

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases of:
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
(91,928
)
 
—

 
(115,208
)
 
Other investment securities available for sale
(25,404
)
 
—

 
(5,000
)
 
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
—

 
—

 
(53,720
)
Proceeds from sales of:
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
—

 
40,222

 
46,889

 
Other investment securities available for sale
—

 
6,338

 
9,572

Maturities and principal
 payments of:
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
77,644

 
111,906

 
115,500

 
Other investment securities available for sale
10,720

 
1,411

 
855

 
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
9,993

 
11,177

 
1,489

Remittance of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
2,688

 
1,590

 
—

Net increase in loans
(208,125
)
 
(138,084
)
 
(148,652
)
Proceeds from sale of portfolio loans
49,588

 
—

 
—

Purchases of loans, including purchased interest
(10,645
)
 
(10,469
)
 
(9,677
)
Proceeds from the sale of property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
2,588

 
3,366

 
2,190

Purchases of premises and equipment
(1,491
)
 
(5,110
)
 
(3,644
)
Net proceeds from sale of bank property
—

 
1,571

 
1,279

Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance
—

 
1,419

 
—

Repayment of investment in capital trust
310

 
—

 
—

Equity investment in real estate limited partnership
—

 
—

 
(449
)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
(184,062
)
 
25,337

 
(158,576
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-79-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 

Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase in deposits
192,690

 
186,316

 
89,985

Net decrease in other borrowings
(1,034
)
 
(18,546
)
 
(3,601
)
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank advances
204,000

 
627,179

 
514,475

Repayment of Federal Home Loan Bank advances
(277,090
)
 
(806,457
)
 
(472,747
)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under dividend reinvestment plan
—

 
—

 
754

Proceeds from stock option exercises and issuance of other equity instruments
3,681

 
1,257

 
885

Tax benefit from stock option exercises and other equity instruments
570

 
210

 
115

Cash dividends paid
(16,628
)
 
(15,133
)
 
(14,205
)
Redemption of junior subordinated debentures
(10,310
)
 
—

 
—

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
95,879

 
(25,174
)
 
115,661

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
(7,333
)
 
5,630

 
(5,716
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
92,650

 
87,020

 
92,736

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

$85,317

 

$92,650

 

$87,020

 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncash Investing and Financing Activities:
 
 
 
 
 
Loans charged off

$6,022

 

$2,335

 

$3,834

Loans transferred to property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
1,471

 
3,167

 
2,031

OREO proceeds due from attorney
—

 
132

 
—

Supplemental Disclosures:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest payments

$24,194

 

$29,657

 

$35,594

Income tax payments
13,618

 
14,777

 
13,390



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
-80-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2013 and 2012


(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. (the “Bancorp”) is a publicly-owned registered bank holding company and financial holding company.  The Bancorp owns all of the outstanding common stock of The Washington Trust Company (the “Bank”), a Rhode Island chartered commercial bank founded in 1800.  Through its subsidiaries, the Bancorp offers a complete product line of financial services including commercial, residential and consumer lending, retail and commercial deposit products, and wealth management services through its offices in Rhode Island, eastern Massachusetts and Connecticut.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Bancorp and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Corporation” or “Washington Trust”).  All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

The accounting and reporting policies of the Corporation conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and to general practices of the banking industry.  In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change are the determination of the allowance for loan losses and the review of goodwill, other intangible assets and the assessment of investments for impairment.  The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in such estimates and assumptions.

Short-term Investments
Short-term investments consist of highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased and are considered to be cash equivalents.  The Corporation’s short-term investments may be comprised of overnight federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements, money market mutual funds and US Treasury bills.

Securities
Investments in debt securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost.  Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase.

Investments not classified as held to maturity are classified as available for sale.  Securities available for sale consist of debt and equity securities that are available for sale to respond to changes in market interest rates, liquidity needs, changes in funding sources and other similar factors.  These assets are specifically identified and are carried at fair value.  Changes in fair value of available for sale securities, net of applicable income taxes, are reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.  Washington Trust does not have a trading portfolio.

Premiums and discounts are amortized and accreted over the term of the securities on a method that approximates the level yield method.  The amortization and accretion is included in interest income on securities.  Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned.  Realized gains or losses from sales of equity securities are determined using the average cost method, while other realized gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method.

The fair values of securities may be based on either quoted market prices, third party pricing services or third party valuation specialists. When the fair value of an investment security is less than its amortized cost basis, the Corporation assesses whether the decline in value is other-than-temporary.  The Corporation considers whether evidence indicating the cost of the investment is recoverable outweighs evidence to the contrary.  Evidence considered in this assessment includes the reasons for impairment, the severity and duration of the impairment, changes in the value subsequent to the reporting date, forecasted performance of the issuer, changes in the dividend or interest payment practices of the issuer, changes in the credit rating of the issuer or the specific security, and the general market condition in the geographic area or industry the issuer operates in.

In determining whether an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred for debt securities, the Corporation compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost of the security. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the amortized cost of the security, then the entire amortized cost of the


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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

security will not be recovered; that is, a credit loss exists, and an other-than-temporary impairment shall be considered to have occurred. The credit loss component of an other-than-temporary impairment write-down for debt securities is recorded in earnings while the remaining portion of the impairment loss is recognized, net of tax, in other comprehensive income provided that the Corporation does not intend to sell the underlying debt security and it is more-likely-than not that the Corporation would not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery of the unrealized loss, which may be to maturity. If the Corporation intended to sell any securities with an unrealized loss or it is more-likely than not that the Corporation would be required to sell the investment securities, before recovery of their amortized cost basis, then the entire unrealized loss would be recorded in earnings.

See Note 4 for further discussion on the Corporation’s investment securities portfolio.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”).  The FHLBB is a cooperative that provides services, including funding in the form of advances, to its member banking institutions.  As a requirement of membership, the Bank must own a minimum amount of FHLBB stock, calculated periodically based primarily on its level of borrowings from the FHLBB.  No market exists for shares of the FHLBB and therefore, they are carried at par value.  FHLBB stock may be redeemed at par value five years following termination of FHLBB membership, subject to limitations which may be imposed by the FHLBB or its regulator, the Federal Housing Finance Board, to maintain capital adequacy of the FHLBB.  While the Corporation currently has no intentions to terminate its FHLBB membership, the ability to redeem its investment in FHLBB stock would be subject to the conditions imposed by the FHLBB.  Based on the capital adequacy and the liquidity position of the FHLBB, management believes there is no impairment related to the carrying amount of the Corporation’s FHLBB stock as of December 31, 2013.  Further deterioration of the FHLBB’s capital levels may require the Corporation to deem its restricted investment in FHLBB stock to be other-than-temporarily impaired. If evidence of impairment exists in the future, the FHLBB stock would reflect fair value using either observable or unobservable inputs.  The Corporation will continue to monitor its investment in FHLBB stock.

Mortgage Banking Activities
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale - Residential mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are classified as held for sale.  The Corporation has elected the fair value option pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 825, “Financial Instruments” for closed loans intended for sale. ASC 825 allows for the irrevocable option to elect fair value accounting for the initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis that may otherwise not be required to be measured at fair value under other accounting standards. Washington Trust elected the fair value option for its portfolio of residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale pursuant to forward sale commitments in order to reduce certain timing differences and better match changes in fair values of the loans with changes in the fair value of the derivative forward loan sale contracts used to economically hedge them. Changes in the fair value of loans held for sale are recorded in earnings and are offset by changes in fair value relating to forward sale commitments and interest rate lock commitments. Gains and losses on residential loan sales are recorded in noninterest income as net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others. Commissions received on mortgage loans brokered to various investors are included in net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others are and are recorded as revenue when received.

Loan Servicing Rights - Rights to service mortgage loans for others are recognized as an asset, including rights acquired through both purchases and originations.  Upon the sale of mortgage loans, a mortgage servicing asset is established, which represents the current estimated fair value based on the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds, and default rates and losses. Capitalized loan servicing rights are included in other assets and are amortized as an offset to other income over the period of estimated net servicing income.  They are periodically evaluated for impairment based on their fair value.  Impairment is measured on an aggregated basis by stratifying the rights based on homogeneous characteristics such as note rate and loan type. The fair value is estimated based on the present value of expected cash flows, incorporating assumptions for discount rate, prepayment speed and servicing cost.  Any impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance and as a reduction to other income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.



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Loans
Portfolio Loans - Loans held in the portfolio are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs.  Interest income is accrued on a level yield basis based on principal amounts outstanding.  Deferred loan origination fees and costs are amortized as an adjustment to yield over the life of the related loans.

Nonaccrual Loans - Loans, with the exception of certain well-secured loans that are in the process of collection, are placed on nonaccrual status and interest recognition is suspended when such loans are 90 days or more overdue with respect to principal and/or interest or sooner if considered appropriate by management.   Loans are also placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest is doubtful.  Well-secured loans are permitted to remain on accrual status provided that full collection of principal and interest is assured and the loan is in the process of collection. Interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period income when the loan is placed on nonaccrual status.  Subsequent interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan or recognized as interest income depending on management’s assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan.  Loans are removed from nonaccrual status when they have been current as to principal and interest for a period of time, the borrower has demonstrated an ability to comply with repayment terms, and when, in management’s opinion, the loans are considered to be fully collectible.

Troubled Debt Restructured Loans - Loans are considered to be troubled debt restructurings when the Corporation has granted concessions to a borrower due to the borrower’s financial condition that it otherwise would not have considered. These concessions generally include modifications of the terms of the debt such as deferral of payments, extension of maturity, reduction of principal balance, reduction of the stated interest rate other than normal market rate adjustments, or a combination of these concessions. Debt may be bifurcated with separate terms for each tranche of the restructured debt. Restructuring of a loan in lieu of aggressively enforcing the collection of the loan may benefit the Corporation by increasing the ultimate probability of collection. Troubled debt restructured loans are classified as accruing or non-accruing based on management’s assessment of the collectibility of the loan.  Loans which are already on nonaccrual status at the time of the restructuring generally remain on nonaccrual status for approximately six months before management considers such loans for return to accruing status.  Accruing troubled debt restructured loans are placed into nonaccrual status if and when the borrower fails to comply with the restructured terms and management deems it unlikely that the borrower will return to a status of compliance in the near term.  Troubled debt restructurings are generally reported as such for at least one year from the date of the restructuring.  In years after the restructuring, troubled debt restructured loans are removed from this classification if the restructuring did not involve a below market rate concession and the loan is not deemed to be impaired based on the terms specified in the restructuring agreement.

Impaired Loans - Impaired loans are loans for which it is probable that the Corporation will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements and all loans restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  Impaired loans do not include large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, which consist of most residential mortgage loans and consumer loans.  Impairment is measured on a discounted cash flow method based upon the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price, or if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell.  Impairment is also measured based on the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell if it is determined that foreclosure is probable.  Interest income on nonaccrual impaired loans is recognized as described above under the caption “Nonaccrual Loans.”  Impaired accruing loans consist of those troubled debt restructurings for which management has concluded that the collectibility of the loan is not in doubt.

Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is management’s best estimate of the probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to earnings and by recoveries of amounts previously charged off, and is reduced by charge-offs on loans (or portions thereof) deemed to be uncollectible.  Loan charge-offs are recognized when management believes the collectibility of the principal balance outstanding is unlikely.  Full or partial charge-offs on collateral dependent impaired loans are generally recognized when the collateral is deemed to be insufficient to support the carrying value of the loan.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

A methodology is used to systematically measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio for the purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses.  The methodology includes three elements: (1) identification of loss allocations for certain specific loans deemed to be impaired, (2) loss allocation factors for non-impaired loans based on credit grade, loss experience, delinquency factors and other similar credit quality indicators, and (3) an additional unallocated allowance maintained for measurement imprecision attributable to uncertainty in the economic environment and ever changing conditions and to reflect management’s consideration of qualitative and quantitative assessments of other environmental factors.

The level of the allowance is based on management’s ongoing review of the growth and composition of the loan portfolio, historical loss experience, current economic conditions, analysis of current levels and asset quality and delinquency trends, the performance of individual loans in relation to contract terms and other pertinent factors.

The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is regularly evaluated by management.  While management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in assumptions and economic conditions.  In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

The allowance is an estimate, and ultimate losses may vary from management’s estimate.  Changes in the estimate are recorded in the results of operations in the period in which they become known, along with provisions for estimated losses incurred during that period.

Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation for financial reporting purposes is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of assets.  Expenditures for major additions and improvements are capitalized while the costs of current maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses.  The estimated useful lives of premises and improvements range from three to forty years.  For furniture, fixtures and equipment, the estimated useful lives range from two to twenty years.

Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets
The Corporation allocated the cost of an acquired entity to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.  Other intangible assets identified in acquisitions consist of advisory contracts.  The value attributed to the advisory contracts was based on the time period over which they are expected to generate economic benefits.

The excess of the purchase price for acquisitions over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including other intangible assets, was recorded as goodwill.  Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, defined as the segment level, at least annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate that it is more-likely-than-not that an impairment loss has occurred.  In assessing impairment, the Corporation has the option to perform a qualitative analysis to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of such events or circumstances, we determine it is not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then we would not be required to perform a two-step impairment test. The Corporation has not opted to perform this qualitative analysis. Goodwill was tested for impairment using the two-step quantitative impairment analysis described below.

Step 1 of the quantitative impairment analysis requires a comparison of each reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value to identify potential impairment. Step 2 of the analysis is necessary only if a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Step 2 is a more detailed analysis, which involves measuring the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit, as determined in Step 1, over the aggregate fair value of the individual assets, liabilities, and identifiable intangibles as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. Goodwill impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Significant judgment is applied when goodwill is assessed for impairment. This judgment includes the selection of appropriate discount rates, the identification of relevant market comparables and the development of cash flow projections. The selection and weighting of the various


-84-

fair value techniques may result in a higher or lower fair value. Judgment is applied in determining the weightings that are most representative of fair value.

Other intangible assets with definite lives are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.  If applicable, the Corporation tests each of the intangibles by comparing the carrying value of the intangible asset to the sum of undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.  If the carrying amount of the asset exceeded its undiscounted cash flows, then an impairment loss would be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Other than Goodwill
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the remaining useful life may warrant revision or that the carrying amount of the long-lived asset may not be fully recoverable.  If impairment is determined to exist, any related impairment loss is calculated based on fair value.  Impairment losses on assets to be disposed of, if any, are based on the estimated proceeds to be received, less costs of disposal.

Property Acquired through Foreclosure or Repossession
Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession is stated at the lower of cost or fair value minus estimated costs to sell at the date of acquisition or classification to this status.  Fair value of such assets is determined based on independent appraisals and other relevant factors.  Any write-down to fair value at the time of foreclosure or repossession is charged to the allowance for loan losses.  A valuation allowance is maintained for declines in market value and for estimated selling expenses.  Increases to the valuation allowance, expenses associated with ownership of these properties, and gains and losses from their sale are included in foreclosed property costs.

Loans that are substantively repossessed include only those loans for which the Corporation has taken possession of the collateral, but has not completed legal foreclosure proceedings.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)
The investment in BOLI represents the cash surrender value of life insurance policies on the lives of certain Bank employees who have provided positive consent allowing the Bank to be the beneficiary of such policies.  Increases in the cash value of the policies, as well as insurance proceeds received, are recorded in noninterest income, and are not subject to income taxes.  The financial strength of the insurance carrier is reviewed prior to the purchase of BOLI and annually thereafter.

Investment in Real Estate Limited Partnership
Washington Trust has a 99.9% ownership interest in two real estate limited partnerships that renovate, own and operate two low-income housing complexes.  Washington Trust neither actively participates nor has a controlling interest in these limited partnerships and accounts for its investments under the equity method of accounting.  The carrying value of the investments is recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  Net losses generated by the partnership are recorded as a reduction to Washington Trust’s investment and as a reduction of noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  Tax credits generated by the partnership are recorded as a reduction in the income tax provision in the year they are allowed for tax reporting purposes.

The results of operations of the real estate limited partnerships are periodically reviewed to determine if the partnership generates sufficient operating cash flow to fund its current obligations.  In addition, the current value of the underlying properties is compared to the outstanding debt obligations.  If it is determined that the investment is permanently impaired, the carrying value will be written down to the estimated realizable value.

Transfers and Servicing of Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities
The accounting for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities is based on consistent application of a financial components approach that focuses on control.  This approach distinguishes transfers of financial assets that are sales from transfers that are secured borrowings.  After a transfer of financial assets, the Corporation recognizes all financial and servicing assets it controls and liabilities it has incurred and derecognizes financial assets it no longer controls and liabilities that have been extinguished.  This financial components approach focuses on the assets


-85-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

and liabilities that exist after the transfer.  Many of these assets and liabilities are components of financial assets that existed prior to the transfer.  If a transfer does not meet the criteria for a sale, the transfer is accounted for as a secured borrowing with a pledge of collateral.

Fee Revenue
Wealth management revenues include trust and investment advisory fees and mutual fund fees that are primarily accrued as earned based upon a percentage of asset values under administration.  Also included in wealth management revenues are financial planning fees, commissions and other service fees, which are recognized as revenue to the extent that services have been completed.  Fee revenue from deposit service charges is generally recognized when earned.  Fee revenue for merchant processing services is generally recognized as earned.

Pension Costs
Pension benefits are accounted for using the net periodic benefit cost method, which recognizes the compensation cost of an employee’s pension benefit over that employee’s approximate service period.  Pension benefit cost calculations incorporate various actuarial and other assumptions, including discount rates, mortality, assumed rates of return, compensation increases, and turnover rates.  Washington Trust reviews its assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when it is appropriate to so do.  The effect of modifications to those assumptions is recorded in other comprehensive income and amortized to net periodic cost over future periods.  Washington Trust believes that the assumptions utilized in recording its obligations under its plans are reasonable based on its experience and market conditions.

The funded status of defined benefit pension plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, is recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The changes in the funded status of the defined benefit plans, including actuarial gains and losses and prior service costs and credits, are recognized in comprehensive income in the year in which the changes occur.

Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation plans provide for awards of share options and other equity incentives including nonvested share units and share awards and nonvested performance shares.

Compensation expense for share options and nonvested share units and share awards is recognized over the service period based on the fair value at the date of grant. The Corporation estimates grant date fair value for share options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Nonvested performance share compensation expense is based on the most recent performance assumption available and is adjusted as assumptions change.

Excess tax benefits (expenses) related to stock option exercises and issuance of other compensation-related equity instruments are reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as financing activity.

Income Taxes
Income tax expense is determined based on the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The Corporation recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more- likely-than-not of being sustained.  Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized.  Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.

The Corporation records interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  Penalties, if incurred, would be recognized as a component of income tax expense.

Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)
The Corporation utilizes the two-class method earnings allocation formula to determine earnings per share of each class of stock according to dividends and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, basic


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earnings per common share is computed by dividing net earnings allocated to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares determined for the basic earnings per common share computation plus the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents.

Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income is defined as all changes in equity, except for those resulting from transactions with shareholders.  Net income is a component of comprehensive income. All other components are referred to in the aggregate as other comprehensive income.

Cash Flows
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments.  Generally, federal funds are sold on an overnight basis.

Guarantees
Standby letters of credit are considered a guarantee of the Corporation.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  Under the standby letters of credit, the Corporation is required to make payments to the beneficiary of the letters of credit upon request by the beneficiary contingent upon the customer’s failure to perform under the terms of the underlying contract with the beneficiary.  The fair value of standby letters of credit is considered immaterial to the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and are measured at fair value.  The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and resulting designation.  

For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings together with the changes in the fair value of the related hedged item (generally fixed-rate financial instruments).  The net amount, if any, represents hedge ineffectiveness, is reflected in earnings.  

For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings.  The ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges is recognized directly in earnings.  

For derivatives not designated as hedges, changes in fair value of the derivative instruments are recognized in earnings, in noninterest income.

The accrued net settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest expense based on the item being hedged.  Changes in fair value of derivatives including accrued net settlements that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in noninterest income.

When hedge accounting is discontinued, the future changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded as noninterest income.  When a fair value hedge is discontinued, the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value and the existing basis adjustment is amortized or accreted over the remaining life of the asset or liability.  When a cash flow hedge is discontinued, but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transaction is still expected to occur, changes in value that were accumulated in other comprehensive income are amortized or accreted into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings.

By using certain derivative financial instruments, the Corporation exposes itself to credit risk.  Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract.  When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes the Corporation, which creates credit risk for the Corporation.  When the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, the Corporation owes the counterparty and, therefore, it does not possess credit risk.  The


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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

credit risk in derivative instruments is minimized by entering into transactions with highly rated counterparties that management believes to be creditworthy.

Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  The required disclosures about fair value measurements have been included in Note 14.

(2) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Balance Sheet - Topic 210
Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (“ASU 2011-11”), was issued in December 2011 and was intended to enhance current disclosure requirements on offsetting financial assets and liabilities. The requirements of ASU 2011-11 enable users to compare balance sheets prepared under U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), which are subject to different offsetting models. The requirements affect all entities that have financial instruments that are either offset in the balance sheet or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-01, “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (“ASU 2013-01”), was issued in January 2013 to address implementation issues about the scope of ASU 2011-11. Both ASU 2011-11 and ASU 2013-01 were effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. The required disclosures were effective retrospectively for all comparative periods presented. The adoption of ASU 2011-11 and ASU 2013-01 did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

Comprehensive Income - Topic 220
Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2013-02”) was issued in February 2013 and requires additional disclosure of the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) in a single location, either on the face of the financial statement that reports net income or in the notes to the financial statements. ASU 2013-02 does not change the current requirements and carries forward the existing requirements that reclassifications out of AOCI be separately presented for each component of other comprehensive income. For items reclassified out of AOCI and into net income in their entirety, the effect of the reclassification on each affected net income line must be disclosed. For AOCI reclassification items that are not reclassified in their entirety into net income, a cross reference to other required disclosures is required. The amendments were effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements, see Note 18.

Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures - Topic 323
Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-01, “Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects” (“ASU 2014-01”), was issued in January 2014 and permits a reporting entity to make an accounting policy election to account for investments in qualified affordable housing projects using the proportional amortization method if certain conditions are met. The amendments are expected to enable more entities to record the amortization of the investment in income tax expense together with the tax credits and other tax benefits generated from the partnership. ASU 2014-01 is effective retrospectively for public business entities for annual and interim reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-01 is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.

Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors - Topic 310
Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-04, “Reclassifications of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure” (“ASU 2014-04”), was issued in January 2014 and clarifies when banks and similar institutions (creditors) should reclassify mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties from the loan portfolio to other real estate owned (OREO). ASU 2014-04 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014, and interim periods with annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. An entity can elect either a modified retrospective or prospective transition method, and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2014-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements.


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(3) Cash and Due from Banks
The Bank maintains certain average reserve balances to meet the requirements of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”).  Some or all of this reserve requirement may be satisfied with vault cash. Reserve balances amounted to $6.7 million and $5.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012 and are included in cash and due from banks in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, cash and due from banks includes interest-bearing deposits in other banks of $51.8 million and $32.2 million, respectively.

(4) Securities
The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized holding gains, gross unrealized holding losses, and fair value of securities by major security type and class of security:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
Securities Available for Sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$54,474

 

$720

 

($79
)
 

$55,115

Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
230,387

 
8,369

 
(401
)
 
238,355

States and political subdivisions
60,659

 
2,200

 
—

 
62,859

Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual name issuers
30,715

 
—

 
(6,031
)
 
24,684

Collateralized debt obligations
547

 
—

 
—

 
547

Corporate bonds
11,128

 
231

 
(16
)
 
11,343

Total securities available for sale

$387,910

 

$11,520

 

($6,527
)
 

$392,903

Held to Maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$29,905

 

$14

 

($54
)
 

$29,865

Total securities held to maturity

$29,905

 

$14

 

($54
)
 

$29,865

Total securities

$417,815

 

$11,534

 

($6,581
)
 

$422,768




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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
Amortized Cost
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Unrealized Losses
 
Fair Value
Securities Available for Sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$29,458

 

$2,212

 

$—

 

$31,670

Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S.  government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
217,136

 
14,097

 
—

 
231,233

States and political subdivisions
68,196

 
4,424

 
—

 
72,620

Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual name issuers
30,677

 
—

 
(5,926
)
 
24,751

Collateralized debt obligations
4,036

 
—

 
(3,193
)
 
843

Corporate bonds
13,905

 
476

 
—

 
14,381

Total securities available for sale

$363,408

 

$21,209

 

($9,119
)
 

$375,498

Held to Maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$40,381

 

$1,039

 

$—

 

$41,420

Total securities held to maturity

$40,381

 

$1,039

 

$—

 

$41,420

Total securities

$403,789

 

$22,248

 

($9,119
)
 

$416,918


At December 31, 2013 and 2012, securities available for sale and held to maturity with a fair value of $397.5 million and $386.5 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral for FHLBB borrowings and letters of credit, potential borrowings with the FRB, certain public deposits and for other purposes.  See Note 11 for additional discussion of FHLBB borrowings.



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The schedule of maturities of debt securities available for sale and held to maturity is presented below.  Mortgage-backed securities are included based on weighted average maturities, adjusted for anticipated prepayments.  All other debt securities are included based on contractual maturities.  Actual maturities may differ from amounts presented because certain issuers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.  Yields on tax exempt obligations are not computed on a tax equivalent basis.  
 
December 31, 2013
(Dollars in thousands)
Within 1 Year
 
1-5 Years
 
5-10 Years
 
After 10 Years
 
Totals
Securities Available for Sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost

$54,474

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$54,474

Weighted average yield
4.04
%
 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—
%
 
4.04
%
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
53,902

 
107,955

 
46,983

 
21,547

 
230,387

Weighted average yield
4.19
%
 
3.66
%
 
2.73
%
 
2.20
%
 
3.46
%
State and political subdivisions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
13,977

 
46,682

 
—

 
—

 
60,659

Weighted average yield
3.84
%
 
3.92
%
 
—
%
 
—
%
 
3.91
%
Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
—

 
—

 
—

 
31,262

 
31,262

Weighted average yield
—
%
 
—
%
 
—
%
 
1.57
%
 
1.57
%
Corporate bonds:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost
5,023

 
5,703

 
402

 
—

 
11,128

Weighted average yield
6.64
%
 
2.82
%
 
2.45
%
 
—
%
 
4.53
%
Total debt securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost

$127,376

 

$160,340

 

$47,385

 

$52,809

 

$387,910

Weighted average yield
4.19
%
 
3.71
%
 
2.73
%
 
1.83
%
 
3.49
%
Fair value

$127,764

 

$162,785

 

$48,800

 

$53,554

 

$392,903

Securities Held to Maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortized cost

$5,376

 

$13,892

 

$7,652

 

$2,985

 

$29,905

Weighted average yield
2.85
%
 
2.75
%
 
2.56
%
 
1.11
%
 
2.56
%
Fair value

$5,369

 

$13,873

 

$7,642

 

$2,981

 

$29,865


Included in the above table were debt securities with an amortized cost balance of $106.8 million and a fair value of $102.3 million at December 31, 2013 that are callable at the discretion of the issuers.  Final maturities of the callable securities range from twenty-one months to twenty-three years, with call features ranging from one month to three years.

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Assessment
The Corporation assesses whether the decline in fair value of investment securities is other-than-temporary on a regular basis. Unrealized losses on debt securities may occur from current market conditions, increases in interest rates since the time of purchase, a structural change in an investment, volatility of earnings of a specific issuer, or deterioration in credit quality of the issuer.  Management evaluates impairments in value both qualitatively and quantitatively to assess whether they are other-than-temporary.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following tables summarizes temporarily impaired investment securities at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, segregated by length of time the securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position.
(Dollars in thousands)
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or Longer
 
Total
December 31, 2013
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
 
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
 
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
1

 

$9,909


($79
)
 
—

 

$—


$—

 
1

 

$9,909


($79
)
Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
7

 
76,748

(455
)
 
—

 
—

—

 
7

 
76,748

(455
)
Individual name issuer trust preferred securities
—

 
—

—

 
11

 
24,684

(6,031
)
 
11

 
24,684

(6,031
)
Corporate bonds
2

11

407

(16
)
 
—

—

—

—

 
2

 
407

(16
)
Total temporarily impaired securities
10

11


$87,064


($550
)
 
11

 

$24,684


($6,031
)
 
21

 

$111,748


($6,581
)

(Dollars in thousands)
Less than 12 Months
 
12 Months or Longer
 
Total
December 31, 2012
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
 
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
 
#

 
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual name issuers
—

 

$—


$—

 
11

 

$24,751


($5,926
)
 
11

 

$24,751


($5,926
)
Collateralized debt obligations
—

 
—

—

 
2

 
843

(3,193
)
 
2

 
843

(3,193
)
Total temporarily impaired securities
—

 

$—


$—

 
13

 

$25,594


($9,119
)
 
13

 

$25,594


($9,119
)

Further deterioration in credit quality of the underlying issuers of the securities, further deterioration in the condition of the financial services industry, a continuation or worsening of the current economic environment, or additional declines in real estate values, among other things, may further affect the fair value of these securities and increase the potential that certain unrealized losses be designated as other-than-temporary in future periods, and the Corporation may incur additional write-downs.

Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored Enterprises and Mortgage-backed Securities issued by U.S. Government Agencies
The gross unrealized losses on mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises were primarily attributable to relative changes in interest rates since the time of purchase. The contractual cash flows for these securities are guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises. Based on the assessment of these factors, management believes that the unrealized losses on these debt security holdings are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements and not changes in credit quality. Management expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Furthermore, the Corporation does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that Washington Trust will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their cost basis, which may be maturity.  Therefore, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.

Trust Preferred Debt Securities of Individual Name Issuers
Included in debt securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2013 were eleven trust preferred security holdings issued by seven individual companies in the financial services industry, specifically, the banking sector. Management believes the decline in fair value of these trust preferred securities primarily reflects investor concerns about global economic growth and how it will affect potential future losses in the financial services industry.  These concerns resulted in increased risk premiums for securities in this sector. Based on the information available through the filing date of this report, all individual name trust preferred debt securities held in our portfolio continue to accrue and make payments as expected with no payment deferrals or defaults on the part of the issuers.  As of December 31, 2013, trust


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preferred debt securities with an amortized cost of $11.9 million and unrealized losses of $2.2 million were rated below investment grade by Standard & Poors, Inc. (“S&P”).  Management reviewed the collectibility of these securities taking into consideration such factors as the financial condition of the issuers, reported regulatory capital ratios of the issuers, credit ratings including ratings in effect as of the reporting period date as well as credit rating changes between the reporting period date and the filing date of this report and other information.  We noted no additional downgrades to below investment grade between the reporting period date and the filing date of this report.  Based on these analyses, management concluded that it expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities.  Furthermore, Washington Trust does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that Washington Trust will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their cost basis, which may be maturity.  Therefore, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2013.

Trust Preferred Debt Securities in the Form of Collateralized Debt Obligations (“CDO”)
Washington Trust had invested in two pooled trust preferred holdings in the form of collateralized debt obligations.  The pooled trust preferred holdings consist of trust preferred obligations of banking industry companies and, to a lesser extent, insurance industry companies.

On March 22, 2013, the trustee for one of the pooled trust preferred securities issued a notice that liquidation of the CDO entity would take place at the direction of holders of the CDO tranches senior to the subordinate tranche interest held by Washington Trust. Accordingly, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge in the first quarter of 2013 on the entire $2.8 million carrying value of the security, based on the expectation that proceeds from liquidation would be insufficient to satisfy the amount owed to the subordinate tranche. The liquidation was conducted in August 2013 and was insufficient to satisfy any amount owed to the subordinate tranche.

In December 2013, Washington Trust changed its intent to hold its other CDO investment until recovery of its cost basis and subsequently sold this security in January 2014. As a result, Washington Trust recognized an other-than-temporary impairment loss of $717 thousand on this CDO in December 2013. The amortized cost and fair value of this CDO amounted to $547 thousand at December 31, 2013, which equaled the January 2014 sales price.

Credit-Related Impairment Losses Recognized on Debt Securities
The following table presents a rollforward of the cumulative credit-related impairment losses on debt securities:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
2013

 
2012

2011

Balance at beginning of period
 

$3,325

 

$3,104


$2,913

Credit-related impairment loss on debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment was not previously recognized
 
—

 
—

—

Additional increases to the amount of credit-related impairment loss on debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized
 
3,489

 
221

191

Balance at end of period
 

$6,814

 

$3,325


$3,104




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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following is a summary of amounts relating to sales of securities:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Proceeds from sales (1)

$—

 

$46,560

 

$56,461

 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross realized gains (1)

$—

 

$1,224

 

$919

Gross realized losses
—

 
(1
)
 
(221
)
Net realized gains on securities

$—

 

$1,223

 

$698

(1)
Includes a contribution of appreciated equity securities to the Corporation’s charitable foundation in 2011.  The cost of the contribution, included in noninterest expenses, amounted to $990 thousand in 2011.  This transaction resulted in a realized security gain of $331 thousand for the same period.



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(5) Loans
The following is a summary of loans:
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Amount

 
%

 
Amount

 
%

Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages (1)

$796,249

 
32
%
 

$710,813

 
31
%
Construction and development (2)
36,289

 
1
%
 
27,842

 
1
%
Other (3)
530,797

 
22
%
 
513,764

 
23
%
Total commercial
1,363,335

 
55
%
 
1,252,419

 
55
%
Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages (4)
749,163

 
30
%
 
692,798

 
30
%
Homeowner construction
23,511

 
1
%
 
24,883

 
1
%
Total residential real estate
772,674

 
31
%
 
717,681

 
31
%
Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines (5)
231,362

 
9
%
 
226,861

 
10
%
Home equity loans (5)
40,212

 
2
%
 
39,329

 
2
%
Other (6)
55,301

 
3
%
 
57,713

 
2
%
Total consumer
326,875

 
14
%
 
323,903

 
14
%
Total loans (7)

$2,462,884

 
100
%
 

$2,294,003

 
100
%
(1)
Amortizing mortgages and lines of credit, primarily secured by income producing property. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, $190.7 million and $238.6 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral for FHLBB borrowings and letters of credit.
(2)
Loans for construction commercial properties, loans to developers for construction of residential properties and loans for land development.
(3)
Loans to businesses and individuals, a substantial portion of which are fully or partially collateralized by real estate.  As of December 31, 2013, $44.1 million and $21.2 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral for FHLBB borrowings and letters of credit and were collateralized for the discount window at the FRB.  Comparable amounts for December 31, 2012 were $51.8 million and $29.5 million, respectively.
(4)
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, $684.6 million and $627.4 million, respectively were pledged as collateral for FHLBB borrowings and letters of credit.
(5)
As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, $195.3 million and $189.4 million, respectively were pledged as collateral for FHLBB borrowings and letters of credit.
(6)
Fixed rate consumer installment loans.
(7)
Includes net unamortized loan origination costs of $879 thousand and $39 thousand, respectively, and net unamortized premiums on purchased loans of $99 thousand and $83 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

Concentrations of Credit Risk
A significant portion of our loan portfolio is concentrated among borrowers in southern New England and a substantial portion of the portfolio is collateralized by real estate in this area.  The ability of single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the market area and real estate values.  The ability of commercial borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is dependent on the general economy as well as the health of the real estate economic sector in the Corporation’s market area.

Nonaccrual Loans
Loans, with the exception of certain well-secured loans that are in the process of collection, are placed on nonaccrual status and interest recognition is suspended when such loans are 90 days or more overdue with respect to principal and/or interest or sooner if considered appropriate by management. Well-secured loans are permitted to remain on accrual status provided that full collection of principal and interest is assured and the loan is in the process of collection. Loans are also placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of principal and interest is


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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

doubtful. Interest previously accrued but not collected on such loans is reversed against current period income. Subsequent interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan or recognized as interest income depending on management’s assessment of the ultimate collectibility of the loan. Loans are removed from nonaccrual status when they have been current as to principal and interest for a period of time, the borrower has demonstrated an ability to comply with repayment terms, and when, in management’s opinion, the loans are considered to be fully collectible.

The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans, segregated by class of loans:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Commercial:
 
 
 
Mortgages

$7,492

 

$10,681

Construction and development
—

 
—

Other
1,291

 
4,412

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
Mortgages
8,315

 
6,158

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
Home equity lines
469

 
840

Home equity loans
687

 
371

Other
48

 
81

Total nonaccrual loans

$18,302

 

$22,543

Accruing loans 90 days or more past due

$—

 

$—


As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, nonaccrual loans of $2.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively, were current as to the payment of principal and interest.

Interest income that would have been recognized had nonaccrual loans been current in accordance with their original terms was approximately $1.8 million, $1.8 million and $1.7 million in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  Interest income included in the Consolidated Statements of Income on nonaccrual loans amounted to approximately $400 thousand, $679 thousand and $505 thousand in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.




-96-

Past Due Loans
Past due status is based on the contractual payment terms of the loan. The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
Days Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
30-59
 
60-89
 
Over 90
 
Total Past Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$—

 

$—

 

$7,492

 

$7,492

 

$788,757

 

$796,249

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
36,289

 
36,289

Other
276

 
302

 
731

 
1,309

 
529,488

 
530,797

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

Mortgages
4,040

 
1,285

 
5,633

 
10,958

 
738,205

 
749,163

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
23,511

 
23,511

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
831

 
100

 
269

 
1,200

 
230,162

 
231,362

Home equity loans
448

 
66

 
349

 
863

 
39,349

 
40,212

Other
43

 
—

 
38

 
81

 
55,220

 
55,301

Total loans

$5,638

 

$1,753

 

$14,512

 

$21,903

 

$2,440,981

 

$2,462,884


(Dollars in thousands)
Days Past Due
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
30-59
 
60-89
 
Over 90
 
Total Past Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$373

 

$408

 

$10,300

 

$11,081

 

$699,732

 

$710,813

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
27,842

 
27,842

Other
260

 
296

 
3,647

 
4,203

 
509,561

 
513,764

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
4,840

 
1,951

 
3,658

 
10,449

 
682,349

 
692,798

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
24,883

 
24,883

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
753

 
207

 
528

 
1,488

 
225,373

 
226,861

Home equity loans
252

 
114

 
250

 
616

 
38,713

 
39,329

Other
129

 
64

 
66

 
259

 
57,454

 
57,713

Total loans

$6,607

 

$3,040

 

$18,449

 

$28,096

 

$2,265,907

 

$2,294,003


Included in past due loans as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, were nonaccrual loans of $15.6 million and $21.0 million, respectively. All loans 90 days or more past due at December 31, 2013 and 2012 were classified as nonaccrual.

Impaired Loans
Impaired loans are loans for which it is probable that the Corporation will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreements and loans restructured in a troubled debt restructuring.  Impaired loans do not include large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment, which consist of most residential mortgage loans and consumer loans.



-97-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following is a summary of impaired loans, as of the dates indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recorded Investment (1)
 
Unpaid Principal
 
Related Allowance
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
No Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$998

 

$2,357

 

$998

 

$2,360

 

$—

 

$—

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
1,055

 
1,058

 
1,050

 
1,057

 
—

 
—

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
1,167

 
1,294

 
1,259

 
1,315

 
—

 
—

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Home equity loans
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Subtotal

$3,220

 

$4,709

 

$3,307

 

$4,732

 

$—

 

$—

With Related Allowance Recorded:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$29,335

 

$17,897

 

$31,731

 

$19,738

 

$552

 

$1,720

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
1,506

 
9,939

 
1,945

 
10,690

 
463

 
694

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
3,122

 
2,576

 
3,507

 
2,947

 
463

 
463

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
173

 
187

 
174

 
255

 
1

 
1

Home equity loans
55

 
117

 
54

 
160

 
—

 
—

Other
127

 
137

 
130

 
136

 
2

 
2

Subtotal

$34,318

 

$30,853

 

$37,541

 

$33,926

 

$1,481

 

$2,880

Total impaired loans

$37,538

 

$35,562

 

$40,848

 

$38,658

 

$1,481

 

$2,880

Total:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial

$32,894

 

$31,251

 

$35,724

 

$33,845

 

$1,015

 

$2,414

Residential real estate
4,289

 
3,870

 
4,766

 
4,262

 
463

 
463

Consumer
355

 
441

 
358

 
551

 
3

 
3

Total impaired loans

$37,538

 

$35,562

 

$40,848

 

$38,658

 

$1,481

 

$2,880

(1)
The recorded investment in impaired loans consists of unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs, interest payments received applied to principal and unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs.  For impaired accruing loans (those troubled debt restructurings for which management has concluded that the collectibility of the loan is not in doubt), the recorded investment also includes accrued interest.



-98-

The following table presents the average recorded investment balance of impaired loans and interest income recognized on impaired loans segregated by loan class, for the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average Recorded Investment
 
Interest Income Recognized
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$27,496

 

$10,785

 

$14,923

 

$630

 

$273

 

$539

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
6,029

 
10,661

 
8,226

 
190

 
297

 
388

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
4,024

 
4,651

 
5,743

 
125

 
88

 
188

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
200

 
172

 
127

 
7

 
3

 
5

Home equity loans
72

 
131

 
290

 
6

 
7

 
17

Other
146

 
151

 
235

 
9

 
11

 
15

Totals

$37,967

 

$26,551

 

$29,544

 

$967

 

$679

 

$1,152


At December 31, 2013 and 2012, there were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on nonaccrual status or had been restructured.

Troubled Debt Restructurings
Loans are considered to be troubled debt restructurings when the Corporation has granted concessions to a borrower due to the borrower’s financial condition that it otherwise would not have considered.

Troubled debt restructurings are classified as impaired loans. The Corporation identifies loss allocations for impaired loans on an individual loan basis. The recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings was $26.4 million and $20.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012. Included in these amounts was accrued interest of $44 thousand and $13 thousand, respectively. The allowance for loan losses included specific reserves for these troubled debt restructurings of $556 thousand and $898 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.



-99-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents loans modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Outstanding Recorded Investment (1)
 
# of Loans
 
Pre-Modifications
 
Post-Modifications
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
6

 
6

 

$15,974

 

$9,525

 

$14,785

 

$9,525

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
7

 
8

 
1,198

 
1,889

 
1,198

 
1,889

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
1

 
2

 
570

 
651

 
570

 
651

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
1

 
—

 
92

 
—

 
92

 
—

Home equity loans
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
—

 
2

 
—

 
5

 
—

 
5

Totals
15

 
18

 

$17,834

 

$12,070

 

$16,645

 

$12,070

(1)
The recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings consists of unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs and unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs, at the time of the restructuring. For accruing troubled debt restructurings the recorded investment also includes accrued interest.

The following table provides information on how loans were modified as a troubled debt restructuring during the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

Below market interest rate concession

$15,836

 

$1,426

Payment deferral
570

 
240

Maturity / amortization concession
21

 
917

Interest only payments
424

 
361

Combination (1)
983

 
9,126

Total

$17,834

 

$12,070

(1)
Loans included in this classification had a combination of any two of the concessions included in this table.



-100-

The following table presents loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring within the previous twelve months for which there was a payment default during the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
# of Loans
 
Recorded Investment (1)
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
1

 
1

 

$232

 

$195

Construction and development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
2

 
3

 
839

 
866

Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Homeowner construction
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Home equity loans
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Totals
3

 
4

 

$1,071

 

$1,061

(1)
The recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings consists of unpaid principal balance, net of charge-offs and unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs. For accruing troubled debt restructurings the recorded investment also includes accrued interest.

Credit Quality Indicators
Commercial
The Corporation utilizes an internal rating system to assign a risk to each of its commercial loans. Loans are rated on a scale of 1 to 10. This scale can be assigned to three broad categories including “pass” for ratings 1 through 6, “special mention” for 7-rated loans, and “classified” for loans rated 8, 9 or 10. The loan rating system takes into consideration parameters including the borrower’s financial condition, the borrower’s performance with respect to loan terms, and the adequacy of collateral. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the weighted average risk rating of the Corporation’s commercial loan portfolio was 4.64 and 4.77, respectively.

For non-impaired loans, the Corporation assigns a loss allocation factor to each loan, based on its risk rating for purposes of establishing an appropriate allowance for loan losses. See Note 6 for additional information.

A description of the commercial loan categories are as follows:

Pass - Loans with acceptable credit quality, defined as ranging from superior or very strong to a status of lesser stature. Superior or very strong credit quality is characterized by a high degree of cash collateralization or strong balance sheet liquidity. Lesser stature loans have an acceptable level of credit quality but exhibit some weakness in various credit metrics such as collateral adequacy, cash flow, or performance inconsistency or may be in an industry or of a loan type known to have a higher degree of risk.

Special Mention - Loans with potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank’s position as creditor at some future date. Special Mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Examples of these conditions include but are not limited to outdated or poor quality financial data, strains on liquidity and leverage, losses or negative trends in operating results, marginal cash flow, weaknesses in occupancy rates or trends in the case of commercial real estate and frequent delinquencies.



-101-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Classified - Loans identified as “substandard”, “doubtful” or “loss” based on criteria consistent with guidelines provided by banking regulators. A “substandard” loan has defined weaknesses which make payment default or principal exposure likely, but not yet certain. Such loans are apt to be dependent upon collateral liquidation, a secondary source of repayment or an event outside of the normal course of business. The loans are closely watched and are either already on nonaccrual status or may be placed in nonaccrual status when management determines there is uncertainty of collectibility. A “doubtful” loan is placed on non-accrual status and has a high probability of loss, but the extent of the loss is difficult to quantify due to dependency upon collateral having a value that is difficult to determine or upon some near-term event which lacks certainty. A loan in the “loss” category is considered generally uncollectible or the timing or amount of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan has no recovery value but rather it is not practical or desirable to continue to carry the asset.

The Corporation’s procedures call for loan ratings and classifications to be revised whenever information becomes available that indicates a change is warranted. The criticized loan portfolio, which consists of commercial and commercial real estate loans that are risk rated special mention or worse, are reviewed by management on a quarterly basis, focusing on the current status and strategies to improve the credit. An annual loan review program is conducted by a third party to provide an independent evaluation of the creditworthiness of the commercial loan portfolio, the quality of the underwriting and credit risk management practices and the appropriateness of the risk rating classifications. This review is supplemented with selected targeted internal reviews of the commercial loan portfolio.

The following table presents the commercial loan portfolio, segregated by category of credit quality indicator.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass
 
Special Mention
 
Classified
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Mortgages

$756,838

 

$669,220

 

$23,185

 

$21,649

 

$16,226

 

$19,944

Construction and development
36,289

 
27,842

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
507,962

 
483,371

 
19,887

 
24,393

 
2,948

 
6,000

Total commercial loans

$1,301,089

 

$1,180,433

 

$43,072

 

$46,042

 

$19,174

 

$25,944


Residential and Consumer
The residential and consumer portfolios are monitored on an ongoing basis by the Corporation using delinquency information and loan type as credit quality indicators.  These credit quality indicators are assessed on an aggregate basis in these relatively homogeneous portfolios.  

For non-impaired loans, the Corporation assigns loss allocation factors to each respective loan type and delinquency status. See Note 6 for additional information.

Various other techniques are utilized to monitor indicators of credit deterioration in the portfolios of residential real estate mortgages and home equity lines and loans. Among these techniques is the periodic tracking of loans with an updated FICO score and an estimated LTV ratio. LTV is determined via statistical modeling analyses. The indicated LTV levels are estimated based on such factors as the location, the original LTV, and the date of origination of the loan and do not reflect actual appraisal amounts. The results of these analyses are taken into consideration in the determination of loss allocation factors for residential mortgage and home equity consumer credits. See Note 6 for additional information.



-102-

The following table presents the residential and consumer loan portfolios, segregated by category of credit quality indicator:
(Dollars in thousands)
Under 90 Days
Past Due
 
Over 90 Days
Past Due
December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Residential real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accruing mortgages

$740,848

 

$686,640

 

$—

 

$—

Nonaccrual mortgages
2,682

 
2,500

 
5,633

 
3,658

Homeowner construction
23,511

 
24,883

 
—

 
—

Total residential loans

$767,041

 

$714,023

 

$5,633

 

$3,658

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Home equity lines

$231,093

 

$226,333

 

$269

 

$528

Home equity loans
39,864

 
39,078

 
348

 
251

Other
55,262

 
57,648

 
39

 
65

Total consumer loans

$326,219

 

$323,059

 

$656

 

$844


Loan Servicing Activities
An analysis of loan servicing rights is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan
Servicing
Rights
 
Valuation
Allowance
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2010

$913

 

($156
)
 

$757

Loan servicing rights capitalized
248

 
—

 
248

Amortization
(224
)
 
—

 
(224
)
Increase in impairment reserve
—

 
(16
)
 
(16
)
Balance at December 31, 2011
937

 
(172
)
 
765

Loan servicing rights capitalized
569

 
—

 
569

Amortization
(231
)
 
—

 
(231
)
Decrease in impairment reserve
—

 
7

 
7

Balance at December 31, 2012
1,275

 
(165
)
 
1,110

Loan servicing rights capitalized
1,897

 
—

 
1,897

Amortization
(405
)
 
—

 
(405
)
Decrease in impairment reserve
—

 
96

 
96

Balance at December 31, 2013

$2,767

 

($69
)
 

$2,698




-103-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Estimated aggregate amortization expense related to loan servicing assets is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Years ending December 31:
 
2014
 

$387

 
 
2015
 
328

 
 
2016
 
280

 
 
2017
 
240

 
 
2018
 
206

 
 
Thereafter
 
1,326

Total estimated amortization expense
 
 
 

$2,767


Mortgage loans and other loans sold to others are serviced on a fee basis under various agreements.  Loans serviced for others are not included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The following table presents the balance of loans serviced for others, by type of loan:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Residential mortgages

$310,699

 

$144,360

Commercial loans
69,526

 
60,444

Total

$380,225

 

$204,804


(6) Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is management’s best estimate of inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to earnings and by recoveries of amounts previously charged off, and is reduced by charge-offs on loans. The Corporation uses a methodology to systematically measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses. The methodology includes three elements: (1) identification of loss allocations for individual loans deemed to be impaired, (2) loss allocation factors for non-impaired loans based on credit grade, loss experience, delinquency factors and other similar credit quality indicators, and (3) an additional unallocated allowance maintained for measurement imprecision and to reflect management’s consideration of qualitative and quantitative assessments of other environmental factors.

Periodic assessments and revisions to the loss allocation factors used in the assignment of loss exposure are made to appropriately reflect the analysis of migrational loss experience. The Corporation analyzes historical loss experience in the various portfolios over periods deemed to be relevant to the inherent risk of loss in the respective portfolios as of the balance sheet date. The Corporation adjusts the loss allocations for various factors it believes are not adequately presented in historical loss experience, including trends in real estate values, trends in rental rates on commercial real estate, consideration of general economic conditions and our assessments of credit risk associated with certain industries and an ongoing trend toward larger credit relationships. These factors are also evaluated taking into account the geographic location of the underlying loans. Revisions to loss allocation factors are not retroactively applied.

Loss allocations for loans deemed to be impaired are measured on a discounted cash flow method based upon the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price, or, if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. For collateral dependent loans, management may adjust appraised values to reflect estimated market value declines or apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of circumstances associated with the property.



-104-

Loss allocation factors are used for non-impaired loans based on credit grade, loss experience, delinquency factors and other similar credit quality indicators. Individual commercial loans and commercial mortgage loans not deemed to be impaired are evaluated using the internal rating system described in Note 5 under the caption “Credit Quality Indicators” and the application of loss allocation factors. The loan rating system and the related loss allocation factors take into consideration parameters including the borrower’s financial condition, the borrower’s performance with respect to loan terms, and the adequacy of collateral. Portfolios of more homogeneous populations of loans including the various categories of residential mortgages and consumer loans are analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency ratios and other indicators and our historical loss experience for each type of credit product.

An additional unallocated allowance is maintained to allow for measurement imprecision attributable to uncertainty in the economic environment and ever changing conditions and to reflect management’s consideration of qualitative and quantitative assessments of other environmental factors, including, but not limited to, conditions that may affect the collateral position such as environmental matters, and regulatory changes affecting the foreclosure process, as well as conditions that may affect the ability of borrowers to meet debt service requirements.

Because the methodology is based upon historical experience and trends, current economic data as well as management’s judgment, factors may arise that result in different estimations. Significant factors that could give rise to changes in these estimates may include, but are not limited to, changes in economic conditions in our market area, concentration of risk, and declines in local property values. Adversely different conditions or assumptions could lead to increases in the allowance. In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review the allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:
For the year ended December 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
Construction
Other
Total Commercial
Residential
Consumer
Unallocated
Total
Beginning Balance

$9,407


$224


$5,996


$15,627


$4,269


$2,684


$8,293


$30,873

Charge-offs
(5,213
)
—

(358
)
(5,571
)
(128
)
(323
)


(6,022
)
Recoveries
380

—

153

533

3

99



635

Provision
2,395

138

(358
)
2,175

556

51

(382
)
2,400

Ending Balance

$6,969


$362


$5,433


$12,764


$4,700


$2,511


$7,911


$27,886


For the year ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
Construction
Other
Total Commercial
Residential
Consumer
Unallocated
Total
Beginning Balance

$8,195


$95


$6,200


$14,490


$4,694


$2,452


$8,166


$29,802

Charge-offs
(485
)
—

(1,179
)
(1,664
)
(367
)
(304
)


(2,335
)
Recoveries
442

—

103

545

110

51



706

Provision
1,255

129

872

2,256

(168
)
485

127

2,700

Ending Balance

$9,407


$224


$5,996


$15,627


$4,269


$2,684


$8,293


$30,873




-105-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

For the year ended December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages
Construction
Other
Total Commercial
Residential
Consumer
Unallocated
Total
Beginning Balance

$7,330


$723


$6,495


$14,548


$4,129


$1,903


$8,003


$28,583

Charge-offs
(960
)
—

(1,685
)
(2,645
)
(641
)
(548
)


(3,834
)
Recoveries
7

—

311

318

4

31



353

Provision
1,818

(628
)
1,079

2,269

1,202

1,066

163

4,700

Ending Balance

$8,195


$95


$6,200


$14,490


$4,694


$2,452


$8,166


$29,802


The following table presents the Corporation’s loan portfolio and associated allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment and by impairment methodology.
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
Related
Allowance
 
 
 
Related
Allowance
 
Loans
 
 
Loans
 
Loans Individually Evaluated For Impairment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$30,292

 

$552

 

$20,250

 

$1,720

Construction & development
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other
2,556

 
463

 
10,989

 
694

Residential Real Estate
4,290

 
463

 
3,868

 
463

Consumer
355

 
3

 
440

 
3

Subtotal

$37,493

 

$1,481

 

$35,547

 

$2,880

Loans Collectively Evaluated For Impairment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgages

$765,957

 

$6,417

 

$690,563

 

$7,687

Construction & development
36,289

 
362

 
27,842

 
224

Other
528,241

 
4,970

 
502,775

 
5,302

Residential Real Estate
768,384

 
4,237

 
713,813

 
3,806

Consumer
326,520

 
2,508

 
323,463

 
2,681

Subtotal

$2,425,391

 

$18,494

 

$2,258,456

 

$19,700

Unallocated
—

 
7,911

 
—

 
8,293

Total

$2,462,884

 

$27,886

 

$2,294,003

 

$30,873




-106-

(7) Premises and Equipment
The following is a summary of premises and equipment:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Land and improvements

$6,020

 

$5,974

Premises and improvements
32,429

 
32,043

Furniture, fixtures and equipment
24,250

 
24,511

 
62,699

 
62,528

Less accumulated depreciation
37,297

 
35,296

Total premises and equipment, net

$25,402

 

$27,232


Depreciation of premises and equipment amounted to $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2013 and $3.2 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2012, and 2011.

(8) Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The carrying value of goodwill was $58.1 million at both December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The following table presents goodwill at the reporting unit (or business segment) level as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
Commercial Banking Segment

$22,591

Wealth Management Service Segment
35,523

Total

$58,114


Intangible assets consist of wealth management advisory contracts. The components of intangible assets were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Gross carrying amount

$13,657

 

$13,657

Accumulated amortization
8,164

 
7,484

Net amount

$5,493

 

$6,173


The intangible asset value attributable to wealth management advisory contracts acquired was based on the time period over which the advisory contracts are expected to generate economic benefits.  The asset is being amortized over a 20-year life using a declining balance method, based on expected attrition for Weston Financial’s current customer base derived from historical runoff data.  The amortization schedule is based on the anticipated future customer runoff rate.

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, amounted to $680 thousand, $728 thousand and $951 thousand, respectively.



-107-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Estimated annual amortization expense for advisory contracts is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Years ending December 31,
2014

$644

 
2015
603

 
2016
562

 
2017
538

 
2018
502

 
Thereafter
2,644


(9) Net Deferred Tax Asset and Income Taxes
The components of income tax expense were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Current tax expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Federal

$13,518

 

$13,937

 

$13,227

State
742

 
533

 
558

Total current tax expense
14,260

 
14,470

 
13,785

Deferred tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
2,300

 
1,310

 
(789
)
State
(33
)
 
18

 
(74
)
Total deferred tax expense (benefit)
2,267

 
1,328

 
(863
)
Total income tax expense

$16,527

 

$15,798

 

$12,922


Total income tax expense varied from the amount determined by applying the Federal income tax rate to income before income taxes.  The reasons for the differences were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Tax expense at Federal statutory rate

$18,438

 

$17,805

 

$14,926

(Decrease) increase in taxes resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
Tax-exempt income
(1,408
)
 
(1,220
)
 
(1,220
)
Dividends received deduction
—

 
(12
)
 
(32
)
BOLI
(648
)
 
(857
)
 
(678
)
Federal tax credits
(364
)
 
(364
)
 
(364
)
State income tax expense, net of federal income tax benefit
461

 
358

 
315

Other
48

 
88

 
(25
)
Total income tax expense

$16,527

 

$15,798

 

$12,922




-108-

The approximate tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to gross deferred tax assets and gross deferred tax liabilities are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Gross deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses

$10,033

 

$11,037

Defined benefit pension obligations
3,544

 
11,462

Losses on write-downs of securities to fair value
941

 
1,500

Deferred compensation
2,545

 
2,174

Deferred loan origination fees
1,593

 
1,432

Stock based compensation
1,686

 
1,555

Other
2,650

 
2,680

Gross deferred tax assets
22,992

 
31,840

Gross deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Net unrealized gains on securities available for sale
(1,791
)
 
(4,318
)
Amortization of intangibles
(1,977
)
 
(2,207
)
Deferred loan origination costs
(3,697
)
 
(3,176
)
Other
(2,776
)
 
(2,255
)
Gross deferred tax liabilities
(10,241
)
 
(11,956
)
Net deferred tax asset

$12,751

 

$19,884


The Corporation has determined that a valuation allowance is not required for any of the deferred tax assets since it is more-likely-than-not that these assets will be realized primarily through future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, carryback to taxable income in prior years or by offsetting projected future taxable income.

The Corporation had no unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The Corporation files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions.  The Corporation is no longer subject to U.S. federal and state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2010.

(10) Time Certificates of Deposit
Scheduled maturities of time certificates of deposit were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Scheduled Maturity
 
Weighted Average Rate
Years ending December 31:
2014

$463,262

 
0.78
%
 
2015
146,073

 
1.79
%
 
2016
87,242

 
1.56
%
 
2017
39,081

 
1.57
%
 
2018
54,937

 
1.37
%
 
2019 and thereafter
167

 
1.44
%
Balance at December 31, 2013
 

$790,762

 
 

The aggregate amount of time certificates of deposit in denominations of $100 thousand or more was $370.2 million and $421.3 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.


-109-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012


The following table represents the amount of certificates of deposit of $100 thousand or more at December 31, 2013 maturing during the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Maturing:
January 1, 2014 to March 31, 2014

$171,066

 
April 1, 2014 to June 30, 2014
30,779

 
July 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014
55,420

 
January 1, 2015 and beyond
112,954

Balance at December 31, 2013
 

$370,219


(11) Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
Advances payable to FHLBB amounted to $288.1 million and $361.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The following table presents maturities and weighted average interest rates paid on FHLBB advances outstanding as of December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in thousands)
Scheduled
Maturity
 
Redeemed at
Call Date (1)
 
Weighted
Average Rate (2)
2014

$2,519

 

$2,519

 
3.54
%
2015
1,569

 
1,569

 
4.89
%
2016
85,066

 
85,066

 
3.05
%
2017
70,875

 
70,875

 
3.04
%
2018
77,303

 
77,303

 
3.72
%
2019 and thereafter
50,750

 
50,750

 
4.13
%
 

$288,082

 

$288,082

 
3.43
%
(1)
Callable FHLBB advances are shown in the respective periods assuming that the callable debt is redeemed at the call date while all other advances are shown in the periods corresponding to their scheduled maturity date.
(2)
Weighted average rate based on scheduled maturity dates.

See Note 22 for discussion regarding the prepayment of FHLBB advances in March 2014.

The Bank also has access to an unused line of credit with the FHLBB amounting to $8.0 million. In addition, the FHLBB has issued standby letters of credit to depositor customers of the Bank to collateralize public deposits. The Bank’s FHLBB borrowings, line of credit and letters of credit are collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Bank’s FHLBB stock, certain qualified investment securities and loans, as well as amounts maintained on deposit at the FHLBB. The Bank’s unused remaining available borrowing capacity at the FHLBB was approximately $564.1 million and $536.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.



-110-

Advances payable to FHLBB include short-term advances with original maturity due dates of one year or less. The following table sets forth certain information concerning short-term FHLBB advances as of the dates and for the periods indicated:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
As of and for the years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Average amount outstanding during the period

$13,901

 

$61,936

 

$36,870

Amount outstanding at end of period
—

 
40,500

 
102,500

Highest month end balance during period
60,000

 
102,929

 
105,500

Weighted-average interest rate at end of period
—
%
 
0.28
%
 
0.18
%
Weighted-average interest rate during the period
0.30
%
 
0.27
%
 
0.23
%

Junior Subordinated Debentures
Junior subordinated debentures amounted to $22.7 million and $33.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The Bancorp has sponsored the creation of WT Capital Trust I (“Trust I”), WT Capital Trust II (“Trust II”) and Washington Preferred Capital Trust (“Washington Preferred”), Delaware statutory trusts created for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in junior subordinated debentures of the Bancorp.  The Bancorp is the owner of all of the common securities of the trusts.  In accordance with GAAP, the trusts are treated as unconsolidated subsidiaries.  The common stock investment in the statutory trusts is included in “Other Assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

On August 29, 2005, Trust I issued $8.3 million of capital securities (“Trust I Capital Securities”) in a private placement of trust preferred securities.  The Trust I Capital Securities mature in September 2035, are redeemable at the Bancorp’s option beginning after five years, and require quarterly distributions by Trust I to the holder of the Trust I Capital Securities, at a rate of 5.965% until September 15, 2010, and thereafter at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 1.45%.  The Bancorp has guaranteed the Trust I Capital Securities and, to the extent not paid by Trust I, accrued and unpaid distributions on the Trust I Capital Securities, as well as the redemption price payable to the Trust I Capital Securities holders.  The proceeds of the Trust I Capital Securities, along with proceeds from the issuance of common securities by Trust I to the Bancorp, were used to purchase $8.3 million of the Bancorp’s junior subordinated deferrable interest notes (the “Trust I Debentures”) and constitute the primary asset of Trust I.  Like the Trust I Capital Securities, the Trust I Debentures bear interest at a rate of 5.965% until September 15, 2010, and thereafter at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 1.45%.  The Trust I Debentures mature on September 15, 2035, but may be redeemed at par at the Bancorp’s option, subject to the approval of the applicable banking regulator to the extent required under applicable guidelines or policies, at any time on or after September 15, 2010, or upon the occurrence of certain special qualifying events.

On August 29, 2005, Trust II issued $14.4 million of capital securities (“Trust II Capital Securities”) in a private placement of trust preferred securities.  The Trust II Capital Securities mature in November 2035, are redeemable at the Bancorp’s option beginning after five years, and require quarterly distributions by Trust II to the holder of the Trust II Capital Securities, at a rate of 5.96% until November 23, 2010, and thereafter at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 1.45%.  The Bancorp has guaranteed the Trust II Capital Securities and, to the extent not paid by Trust II, accrued and unpaid distributions on the Trust II Capital Securities, as well as the redemption price payable to the Trust II Capital Securities holders.  The proceeds of the Trust II Capital Securities, along with proceeds from the issuance of common securities by Trust II to the Bancorp, were used to purchase $14.4 million of the Bancorp’s junior subordinated deferrable interest notes (the “Trust II Debentures”) and constitute the primary asset of Trust II.  Like the Trust II Capital Securities, the Trust II Debentures bear interest at a rate of 5.96% until November 23, 2010, and thereafter at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 1.45%.  The Trust II Debentures mature on November 23, 2035, but may be redeemed at par at the Bancorp’s option, subject to the approval of the applicable banking regulator to the extent required under applicable guidelines or policies, at any time on or after November 23, 2010, or upon the occurrence of certain special qualifying events.



-111-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

On April 7, 2008, Washington Preferred issued $10.0 million of trust preferred securities, the proceeds of which were invested in junior subordinated debentures of the Bancorp. On June 17, 2013, the Bancorp redeemed in whole at par the outstanding trust preferred securities and related subordinated debentures. The source of funds used for the redemption was made available from our balance sheet liquidity. The Bancorp also had a related interest rate swap contract designated as a cash flow hedge, which matured at redemption on June 17, 2013. Including the cost of the related interest rate swap contract, the rate on this debt was approximately 5.69% at the time of redemption.

(12) Shareholders’ Equity
2006 Stock Repurchase Plan
In December 2006, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors approved the 2006 Stock Repurchase Plan authorizing the repurchase of up to 400,000 shares, or approximately 3%, of the Corporation’s common stock in open market transactions.  This authority may be exercised from time to time and in such amounts as market conditions warrant, and subject to regulatory considerations.  The Bancorp plans to hold the repurchased shares as treasury stock to be used for general corporate purposes.  As of December 31, 2013, a cumulative total of 185,400 shares have been repurchased. All of these shares of stock were repurchased in 2007 at a total cost of $4.8 million.

Shareholder Rights Plan
In August 2006, the Bancorp’s Board of Directors adopted a shareholder rights plan, as set forth in the Shareholders Rights Agreement, dated August 17, 2006 (the “2006 Rights Agreement”).  Pursuant to the terms of the 2006 Rights Agreement, the Bancorp declared a dividend distribution of one common share purchase right (a “Right”) for each outstanding share of common stock to shareholders of record on August 31, 2006.  Such Rights also apply to new issuances of shares after that date.  Each Right entitles the registered holder to purchase from the Corporation one share of its common stock at a price of $100.00 per share, subject to adjustment.

The Rights are not exercisable or separable from the common stock until the earlier of 10 days after a person or group (an “Acquiring Person”) acquires beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the outstanding common shares or announces a tender offer to do so.  The Rights, which expire on August 31, 2016, may be redeemed by the Bancorp at any time prior to the acquisition by an Acquiring Person of beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the common stock at a price of $.01 per Right.  In the event that any party becomes an Acquiring Person, each holder of a Right, other than Rights owned by the Acquiring Person, will have the right to receive upon exercise that number of common shares having a market value of two times the purchase price of the Right.  In the event that, at any time after any party becomes an Acquiring Person, the Corporation is acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction or 50% or more of its assets or earning power are sold, each holder of a Right will have the right to purchase that number of shares of the acquiring company having a market value of two times the purchase price of the Right.

Dividends
The primary source of liquidity for the Bancorp is dividends received from the Bank.  The Bancorp and the Bank are regulated enterprises and their abilities to pay dividends are subject to regulatory review and restriction.  Certain regulatory and statutory restrictions exist regarding dividends, loans, and advances from the Bank to the Bancorp.  Generally, the Bank has the ability to pay dividends to the Bancorp subject to minimum regulatory capital requirements.  The FDIC and the FRB have the authority to use their enforcement powers to prohibit a bank or bank holding company, respectively, from paying dividends if, in their opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.  In addition, the Rhode Island Division of Banking may also restrict the declaration of dividends if a bank would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business or the bank’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities.  Under the most restrictive of these requirements, the Bank could have declared aggregate additional dividends of $162.6 million as of December 31, 2013.

Dividend Reinvestment
Under the Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan, 607,500 shares of the Corporation’s common stock were originally reserved to be issued for dividends reinvested and cash payments to the plan.



-112-

Reserved Shares
As of December 31, 2013, a total of 2,831,379 common stock shares were reserved for issuance under the 1997 Plan, 2003 Plan, 2013 Plan, the Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan, the 2006 Stock Repurchase Plan and the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan.

Regulatory Capital Requirements
The Bancorp and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the FRB and the FDIC, respectively.  These requirements were established to more accurately assess the credit risk inherent in the assets and off-balance sheet activities of financial institutions.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the consolidated financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Corporation must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.  The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Corporation to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined in the regulations), and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (as defined in the regulations).  Management believes that, as of December 31, 2013, the Corporation meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.

As of December 31, 2013, the most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as “well-capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as “well-capitalized,” the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios.  There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s categorization.



-113-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents the Corporation’s and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios at December 31, 2013 and 2012, as well as the corresponding minimum regulatory amounts and ratios:
(Dollars in thousands)
Actual
 
For Capital Adequacy
Purposes
 
To Be “Well Capitalized”
Under Prompt Corrective
Action Provisions
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
 
Amount
 
Ratio
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$319,486

 
13.29
%
 

$192,306

 
8.00
%
 

$240,382

 
10.00
%
Bank

$314,458

 
13.09
%
 

$192,147

 
8.00
%
 

$240,184

 
10.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$291,292

 
12.12
%
 

$96,153

 
4.00
%
 

$144,229

 
6.00
%
Bank

$286,264

 
11.92
%
 

$96,074

 
4.00
%
 

$144,111

 
6.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets): (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$291,292

 
9.41
%
 

$123,785

 
4.00
%
 

$154,732

 
5.00
%
Bank

$286,264

 
9.26
%
 

$123,633

 
4.00
%
 

$154,541

 
5.00
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$304,716

 
13.26
%
 

$183,876

 
8.00
%
 

$229,845

 
10.00
%
Bank

$299,503

 
13.05
%
 

$183,651

 
8.00
%
 

$229,564

 
10.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$275,956

 
12.01
%
 

$91,938

 
4.00
%
 

$137,907

 
6.00
%
Bank

$270,778

 
11.80
%
 

$91,826

 
4.00
%
 

$137,738

 
6.00
%
Tier 1 Capital (to Average Assets): (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporation

$275,956

 
9.30
%
 

$118,733

 
4.00
%
 

$148,417

 
5.00
%
Bank

$270,778

 
9.14
%
 

$118,535

 
4.00
%
 

$148,169

 
5.00
%
(1)
Leverage ratio

The Corporation’s capital ratios at December 31, 2013 place the Corporation in the “well-capitalized” category according to regulatory standards.



-114-

(13) Derivative Financial Instruments
The Corporation’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Corporation’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally to manage the Corporation’s interest rate risk. Additionally, the Corporation enters into interest rate derivatives to accommodate the business requirements of its customers. All derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and are measured at fair value.  The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative and resulting designation.

Interest Rate Risk Management Agreements
Interest rate swaps are used from time to time as part of the Corporation’s interest rate risk management strategy.  Swaps are agreements in which the Corporation and another party agree to exchange interest payments (e.g., fixed-rate for variable-rate payments) computed on a notional principal amount.  The credit risk associated with swap transactions is the risk of default by the counterparty.  To minimize this risk, the Corporation enters into interest rate agreements only with highly rated counterparties that management believes to be creditworthy.  The notional amounts of these agreements do not represent amounts exchanged by the parties and, thus, are not a measure of the potential loss exposure.

Cash Flow Hedging Instruments
As of December 31, 2013, the Bancorp had two interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the interest rate associated with $23 million of variable rate junior subordinated debentures, compared to three interest rate swap contracts designated as cash flow hedges to hedge the interest rate associated with $33 million of variable rate junior subordinated debenture as of December 31, 2012.  See additional disclosure in Note 11 regarding the June 2013 redemption of junior subordinated debentures. The effective portion of the changes in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges is recorded in other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified to earnings when gains or losses are realized.  The ineffective portion of changes in fair value of the derivatives is recognized directly in earnings as interest expense.  The Bancorp pledged collateral to derivative counterparties in the form of cash totaling $1.6 million and $2.0 million as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.  The Bancorp may need to post additional collateral in the future in proportion to potential increases in unrealized loss positions.

Customer Related Derivative Contracts
The Corporation has also entered into interest rate swap contracts to help commercial loan borrowers manage their interest rate risk.  The interest rate swap contracts with commercial loan borrowers allows them to convert floating rate loan payments to fixed-rate loan payments.  When we enter into an interest rate swap contract with a commercial loan borrower, we simultaneously enter into a “mirror” swap contract with a third party.  The third party exchanges the client’s fixed-rate loan payments for floating rate loan payments.  We retain the risk that is associated with the potential failure of counterparties and inherent in making loans.  As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, Washington Trust had interest rate swap contracts with commercial loan borrowers with notional amounts of $105.6 million and $70.5 million, respectively, and equal amounts of “mirror” swap contracts with third-party financial institutions.  These derivatives are not designated as hedges and, therefore, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.

Loan Commitments
Interest rate lock commitments are extended to borrowers that relate to the origination of residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale.  To mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in these rate locks, as well as closed residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale, best efforts forward commitments are established to sell individual residential real estate mortgage loans.  Both interest rate lock commitments and commitments to sell fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans are derivative financial instruments, but do not meet criteria for hedge accounting and as such are treated as derivatives not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value and changes in fair value of these commitments are reflected in earnings in the period of change. The Corporation has elected to carry newly originated closed residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale at fair value, as changes in fair value in these loans held for sale generally offset changes in interest rate lock and forward sale commitments.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents the fair values of derivative instruments in the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates indicated.
(Dollars in thousands)
Asset Derivatives
 
Liability Derivatives
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
Dec 31
2013
 
Dec 31
2012
 
Balance Sheet Location
 
Dec 31
2013
 
Dec 31
2012
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate risk management contract:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap contracts
 
 

$—

 

$—

 
Other liabilities
 

$1,012

 

$1,619

Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward loan commitments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to originate fixed rate mortgage loans to be sold
Other assets
 
392

 
2,513

 
Other liabilities
 
—

 
—

Commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans
Other assets
 
10

 
—

 
Other liabilities
 
583

 
4,191

Customer related derivative contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps with customers
Other assets
 
2,403

 
3,851

 
 
 
297

 
—

Mirror swaps with counterparties
 
 
330

 
—

 
Other liabilities
 
2,406

 
3,952

Total
 
 

$3,135

 

$6,364

 
 
 

$4,298

 

$9,762


The following tables present the effect of derivative instruments in the Corporations’ Consolidated Statements of Income and Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the periods indicated.
(Dollars in thousands)
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Effective Portion)
 
Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)
 
Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion)
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate risk management contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap contracts

$388

 

$121

 

($456
)
 
Interest Expense
 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

Total

$388

 

$121

 

($456
)
 
 
 

$—

 

$—

 

$—





-116-

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative
Years ended December 31,
Statement of Income Location
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward loan commitments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to originate fixed rate mortgage loans to be sold
Net gains on loan sales & commissions on loans originated for others

($2,121
)
 

$649

 

$1,968

Commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans
Net gains on loan sales & commissions on loans originated for others
3,618

 
(1,611
)
 
(3,119
)
Customer related derivative contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps with customers
Net gains on interest rate swaps
396

 
1,147

 
2,658

Mirror swaps with counterparties
Net gains on interest rate swaps
555

 
(892
)
 
(2,652
)
Total
 

$2,448

 

($707
)
 

($1,145
)


(14) Fair Value Measurements
The Corporation uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures.  As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, securities available for sale, residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale and derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as collateral dependent impaired loans, property acquired through foreclosure or repossession and mortgage servicing rights.  These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement.  Fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions the market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.  In addition, GAAP specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the types of valuation information (“inputs”) are observable or unobservable.  Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Corporation’s market assumptions.  These two types of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:

•
Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
•
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets.
•
Level 3 – Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable in the markets and which reflect the Corporation’s market assumptions.

Determination of Fair Value
Fair values are based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  When available, the Corporation uses quoted market prices to determine fair value.  If quoted prices are not available, fair value is based upon valuation techniques such as matrix pricing or other models that use, where possible, current market-based or independently sourced market parameters, such as interest rates.  If observable market-based inputs are not available, the Corporation uses unobservable inputs to determine appropriate valuation adjustments using methodologies applied consistently over time.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, including the general classification of such assets and liabilities pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Securities
Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  When available, the Corporation uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of securities; such items are classified as Level 1. 

Level 2 securities include debt securities with quoted prices, which are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments, whose value is determined using matrix pricing with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.  This category generally includes obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S government-sponsored enterprises, municipal bonds, trust preferred securities and corporate bonds.

Prior to December 31, 2013, Level 3 securities were comprised of pooled trust preferred debt securities, in the form of collateralized debt obligations, which were not actively traded. See Note 4 for additional disclosures regarding these pooled trust preferred debt securities. The Corporation had concluded that a low level of activity for its Level 3 pooled trust preferred debt securities indicated that quoted market prices were not indicative of fair value. The Corporation obtained valuations including broker quotes and cash flow scenario analyses prepared by a third party valuation consultant.  The cash flow scenarios (Level 3) were given substantially more weight than the broker quotes (Level 2) as management believed that the broker quotes reflected highly limited sales evidenced by an inactive market.  The cash flow scenarios were prepared using discounted cash flow methodologies based on detailed cash flow and credit analysis of the securities.  The weighting was then used to determine an overall fair value of the securities.

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale
Washington Trust has elected to carry newly originated closed residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale at fair value pursuant to ASC 825. Mortgage loans held for sale fair values are classified as Level 2 and are estimated based on secondary markets rates offered for loans with similar characteristics. In certain cases when quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined by utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis and these assets are classified as Level 3. Any change in the valuation of mortgage loans held for sale is based upon the change in market interest rates between closing the loan and the measurement date and an immaterial portion attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk.

The aggregate principal amount of the residential real estate mortgage loans held for sale was $11.5 million and $48.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The aggregate fair value of this portfolio was $11.6 million and $50.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2013 and 2012. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate principal amount of mortgage loans held for sale amounted to $181 thousand and $1.7 million, respectively. There were no mortgage loans held for sale 90 days or more past due as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

The following table presents the changes in fair value related to mortgage loans held for sale, commitments to originate fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans to be sold and commitments to sell fixed-rate residential real estate mortgage loans for the periods indicated. Changes in fair values are reported as a component of net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Mortgage loans held for sale

($1,505
)
 

$970

 

$716

Commitments to originate
(2,121
)
 
649

 
1,968

Commitments to sell
3,618

 
(1,611
)
 
(3,119
)
Total changes in fair value

($8
)
 

$8

 

($435
)

Derivatives
Interest rate swap contracts are traded in over-the-counter markets where quoted market prices are not readily available.  Fair value measurements are determined using independent pricing models that utilize primarily market


-118-

observable inputs, such as swap rates of different maturities and LIBOR rates and, accordingly, are classified as Level 2. Our internal review procedures have confirmed that the fair values determined with independent pricing models and utilized by the Corporation are consistent with GAAP. For purposes of potential valuation adjustments to its interest rate swap contracts, the Corporation evaluates the credit risk of its counterparties as well as that of the Corporation.  Accordingly, Washington Trust considers factors such as the likelihood of default by the Corporation and its counterparties, its net exposures and remaining contractual life, among other factors, in determining if any fair value adjustments related to credit risk are required.  Counterparty exposure is evaluated by netting positions that are subject to master netting agreements, as well as considering the amount of collateral securing the position. Additionally, in accordance with fair value measurement guidance in ASU 2011-04, Washington Trust has made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Level 2 fair value measurements of forward loan commitments (interest rate lock commitments and commitments to sell fixed-rate residential mortgages) are estimated using the anticipated market price based on pricing indications provided from syndicate banks. In certain cases when quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined by utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis and these assets are classified as Level 3.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans
Collateral dependent loans that are deemed to be impaired are valued based upon the fair value of the underlying collateral less costs to sell.  Such collateral primarily consists of real estate and, to a lesser extent, other business assets.  Management may adjust appraised values to reflect estimated market value declines or apply other discounts to appraised values resulting from its knowledge of the property.  Internal valuations are utilized to determine the fair value of other business assets.  Collateral dependent impaired loans are categorized as Level 3.

Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is adjusted to fair value less costs to sell upon transfer out of loans through a charge to allowance for loan losses.  Subsequently, it is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value less costs to sell.  Such subsequent valuation charges are charged through earnings. Fair value is generally based upon appraised values of the collateral.  Management adjusts appraised values to reflect estimated market value declines or apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of the property, and such property is categorized as Level 3.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Items Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
December 31, 2013
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$—

 

$55,115

 

$—

 

$55,115

Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
—

 
238,355

 
—

 
238,355

States and political subdivisions
—

 
62,859

 
—

 
62,859

Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Individual name issuers
—

 
24,684

 
—

 
24,684

Collateralized debt obligations
—

 
547

 
—

 
547

Corporate bonds
—

 
11,343

 
—

 
11,343

Mortgage loans held for sale
—

 
11,636

 
—

 
11,636

Derivative assets (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Interest rate swap contracts with customers
—

 
2,733

 
—

 
2,733

Forward loan commitments
—

 
402

 
—

 
402

Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis

$—

 

$407,674

 

$—

 

$407,674

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mirror swap contracts with customers

$—

 

$2,703

 

$—

 

$2,703

Interest rate risk management swap contracts
—

 
1,012

 
—

 
1,012

Forward loan commitments
—

 
583

 
—

 
583

Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis

$—

 

$4,298

 

$—

 

$4,298

(1)
Derivative assets are included in other assets and derivative liabilities are reported in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



-120-

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Assets/Liabilities at Fair Value
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
December 31, 2012
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Obligations of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises

$—

 

$31,670

 

$—

 

$31,670

Mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
—

 
231,233

 
—

 
231,233

States and political subdivisions
—

 
72,620

 
—

 
72,620

Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Individual name issuers
—

 
24,751

 
—

 
24,751

Collateralized debt obligations
—

 
—

 
843

 
843

Corporate bonds
—

 
14,381

 
—

 
14,381

Mortgage loans held for sale
—

 
40,243

 
9,813

 
50,056

Derivative assets (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swap contracts with customers
—

 
3,851

 
—

 
3,851

Forward loan commitments
—

 
2,469

 
44

 
2,513

Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis

$—

 

$421,218

 

$10,700

 

$431,918

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mirror swap contracts with customers

$—

 

$3,952

 

$—

 

$3,952

Interest rate risk management swap contracts
—

 
1,619

 
—

 
1,619

Forward loan commitments
—

 
4,005

 
186

 
4,191

Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis

$—

 

$9,576

 

$186

 

$9,762

(1)
Derivatives assets are included in other assets and derivative liabilities are reported in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

It is the Corporation’s policy to review and reflect transfers between Levels as of the financial statement reporting date.  There were no transfers in and/or out of Level 1 during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012. The Corporation utilized a broker quote to value its pooled trust preferred security at December 31, 2013. As a result, this security was reclassified out of Level 3 and into Level 2. See Note 4 for additional disclosure regarding this pooled trust preferred security. There were no other transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 during the years ended during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the periods indicated.
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
(Dollars in thousands)
Securities Available for Sale (1)
 
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (2)
 
Derivative Assets / (Liabilities) (3)
 
Total
 
Securities Available for Sale (1)
 
Mortgage Loans Held for Sale (2)
 
Derivative Assets / (Liabilities) (3)
 
Total
Balance at beginning of period

$843

 

$9,813

 

($142
)
 

$10,514

 

$887

 

$—

 

$—

 

$887

Gains and losses (realized and unrealized):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings (4)
(3,489
)
 
(150
)
 
142

 
(3,497
)
 
(221
)
 
—

 
—

 
(221
)
Included in other comprehensive income
3,326

 
—

 
—

 
3,326

 
177

 
—

 
—

 
177

Purchases
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Issuances
—

 
12,692

 
—

 
12,692

 
—

 
9,813

 
(142
)
 
9,671

Sales
—

 
(22,355
)
 
—

 
(22,355
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Settlements
(133
)
 
—

 
—

 
(133
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Transfers into Level 3
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Transfers out of Level 3
(547
)
 
—

 
—

 
(547
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Balance at end of period

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$—

 

$843

 

$9,813

 

($142
)
 

$10,514

(1)
During the periods indicated, Level 3 securities available for sale were comprised of pooled trust preferred debt securities, in the form of collateralized debt obligations.
(2)
During the periods indicated, Level 3 mortgage loans held for sale consisted of certain mortgage loans whose fair value was determined utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis.
(3)
During the periods indicated, Level 3 derivative assets / liabilities consisted of forward loan commitments (interest rate lock commitments and commitments to sell fixed-rate residential mortgages) whose fair value was determined utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis.
(4)
Losses included in earnings for Level 3 securities available for sale were included in net impairment losses recognized in earnings in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Losses included in earnings for Level 3 mortgage loans held for sale and derivative assets and liabilities were included in net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others in the Consolidated Statements of Income.



-122-

The Corporation had no Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2013. The following table presents additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which the Corporation utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value at December 31, 2012.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Technique
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range of Inputs Utilized (Weighted Average)
Trust preferred securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateralized debt obligations

$843

 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Discount Rate
 
16.75%
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative Default %
 
3.3% - 100% (25.7%)
 
 
 
 
 
Loss Given Default %
 
85% - 100% (90.9%)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage loans held for sale

$9,813

 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Interest Rate
 
2.875% - 4.95% (3.71%)
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Risk Adjustment
 
0.25%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward loan commitments - assets

$44

 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Interest Rate
 
3.25% - 3.875% (3.56%)
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Risk Adjustment
 
0.25%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward loan commitments - liabilities

($186
)
 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Interest Rate
 
3.25% - 3.875% (3.69%)
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Risk Adjustment
 
0.25%

Trust Preferred Debt Securities in the Form of Collateralized Debt Obligations
Given the low level of market activity for trust preferred securities in the form of collateralized debt obligations, the discount rate utilized in the fair value measurement was derived by analyzing current market yields for trust preferred securities of individual name issuers in the financial services industry. Adjustments were then made for credit and structural differences between these types of securities. There is an inverse correlation between the discount rate and the fair value measurement. When the discount rate increases, the fair value decreases.

Other significant unobservable inputs to the fair value measurement of collateralized debt obligations included prospective defaults and recoveries. The cumulative default percentage represents the lifetime defaults assumed, excluding currently defaulted collateral and including all performing and currently deferring collateral. As a result, the cumulative default percentage also reflects assumptions of the possibility of currently deferring collateral curing and becoming current. The loss given default percentage represents the percentage of current and projected defaults assumed to be lost. There is an inverse correlation between the cumulative default and loss given default percentages and the fair value measurement. When the default percentages increase, the fair value decreases.

Mortgage Loans Held for Sale and Derivative Assets / Liabilities
Significant unobservable inputs to the fair market value measurement for certain mortgage loans held for sale and certain forward loan commitments include interest rate and credit risk. Interest rates approximate the Corporation’s current origination rates for similar loans. Credit risk approximates the Corporation’s current loss exposure factor for similar loans.

Items Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP.  These adjustments to fair value usually result from the application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.  The valuation methodologies used to measure these fair value adjustments are described above.



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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents the carrying value of certain assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2013.
(Dollars in thousands)
Carrying Value at December 31, 2013
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateral dependent impaired loans

$—

 

$—

 

$11,177

 

$11,177

Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
—

 
—

 
435

 
435

Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

$—

 

$—

 

$11,612

 

$11,612


The allowance for loan losses on the collateral dependent impaired loans included above amounted to $453 thousand at December 31, 2013.

The following table presents the carrying value of certain assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2012.
(Dollars in thousands)
Carrying Value at December 31, 2012
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collateral dependent impaired loans

$—

 

$—

 

$9,550

 

$9,550

Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession
—

 
—

 
1,073

 
1,073

Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

$—

 

$—

 

$10,623

 

$10,623


The allowance for loan losses on the collateral dependent impaired loans included above amounted to $2.0 million at December 31, 2012.

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis for which the Corporation has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value.

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2013
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Technique
 
Unobservable Input
Range of Inputs Utilized (Weighted Average)
Collateral dependent impaired loans

$11,177

 
Appraisals of collateral
 
Discount for costs to sell
1% - 45% (11%)
 
 
 
 
 
Appraisal adjustments (1)
0% - 50% (2%)
Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession

$435

 
Appraisals of collateral
 
Discount for costs to sell
2% - 10% (9%)
 
 
 
 
 
Appraisal adjustments (1)
0% - 22% (13%)




-124-

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2012
 
Fair Value
 
Valuation Technique
 
Unobservable Input
Range of Inputs Utilized (Weighted Average)
Collateral dependent impaired loans

$9,550

 
Appraisals of collateral
 
Discount for costs to sell
0% - 50% (11%)
 
 
 
 
 
Appraisal adjustments (1)
0% - 27% (18%)
Property acquired through foreclosure or repossession

$1,073

 
Appraisals of collateral
 
Discount for costs to sell
0% - 10% (5%)
 
 
 
 
 
Appraisal adjustments (1)
15% - 34% (21%)
(1)
Management may adjust appraisal values to reflect market value declines or other discounts resulting from its knowledge of the property.

Valuation of Other Financial Instruments
The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis are discussed above. The methodologies for other financial instruments are discussed below.

Loans
Fair values are estimated for categories of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type and are then further segmented into fixed rate and adjustable rate interest terms to determine their fair value. The fair value of fixed rate commercial and consumer loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity of the loan using interest rates offered at December 31, 2013 and 2012 that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan. The fair value of floating rate commercial and consumer loans approximates carrying value. The estimate of maturity is based on the Corporation’s historical repayment experience. For residential mortgages, fair value is estimated by using market prices for sales of similar loans in the secondary market. Fair value for impaired loans is estimated using a discounted cash flow method based upon the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price, or if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. Loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Time Deposits
The discounted values of cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities were used to estimate the fair value of time deposits. Time deposits are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
Rates currently available to the Corporation for advances with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of existing advances. FHLB advances are categorized as Level 2.

Junior Subordinated Debentures
The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures is estimated using rates currently available to the Corporation for debentures with similar terms and maturities. Junior subordinated debentures are categorized as Level 2.



-125-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following tables present the carrying amount, estimated fair value and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Corporation’s financial instruments as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. The tables exclude financial instruments for which the carrying value approximates fair value. Financial assets for which the fair value approximates carrying value include cash and cash equivalents, FHLBB stock, accrued interest receivable and bank-owned life insurance. Financial liabilities for which the fair value approximates carrying value include non-maturity deposits, other borrowings and accrued interest payable.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements
December 31, 2013
Carrying Amount
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities held to maturity

$29,905

 

$29,865

 

$—

 

$29,865

 

$—

Loans, net of allowance for loan losses
2,434,998

 
2,479,527

 
—

 
—

 
2,479,527

Loan servicing rights (1)
2,698

 
2,767

 
—

 
—

 
2,767

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits

$790,762

 

$797,748

 

$—

 

$797,748

 

$—

FHLBB advances
288,082

 
308,317

 
—

 
308,317

 
—

Junior subordinated debentures
22,681

 
16,282

 
—

 
16,282

 
—

(1)
The carrying value of loan servicing rights is net of $69 thousand in reserves as of December 31, 2013. The estimated fair value does not include such adjustment.

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements
December 31, 2012
Carrying Amount
 
Estimated Fair Value
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities held to maturity

$40,381

 

$41,420

 

$—

 

$41,420

 

$—

Loans, net of allowance for loan losses
2,263,130

 
2,350,153

 
—

 
—

 
2,350,153

Loan servicing rights (1)
1,110

 
1,275

 
—

 
—

 
1,275

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits

$870,232

 

$879,705

 

$—

 

$879,705

 

$—

FHLBB advances
361,172

 
392,805

 
—

 
392,805

 
—

Junior subordinated debentures
32,991

 
23,371

 
—

 
23,371

 
—

(1)
The carrying value of loan servicing rights is net of $165 thousand in reserves as of December 31, 2012. The estimated fair value does not include such adjustment.

(15) Employee Benefits
Defined Benefit Pension Plans
The Corporation maintains a tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan for the benefit of certain eligible employees who were hired prior to October 1, 2007. The Corporation also has non-qualified retirement plans to provide supplemental retirement benefits to certain employees, as defined in the plans.  The supplemental retirement plans provide eligible participants with an additional retirement benefit.

In September 2013, the Corporation amended its defined benefit pension plans primarily to freeze benefit accruals after a ten-year transition period ending in December 2023. As a result, the plans were remeasured in September 2013 and a curtailment was recognized, which reduced the projected benefit obligations by $4.4 million. The impact of this was primarily recognized in other comprehensive income.


-126-


The plan is funded on a current basis, in compliance with the requirements of ERISA.

The non-qualified retirement plans provide for the designation of assets in rabbi trusts.  Securities available for sale and other short-term investments designated for this purpose, with the carrying value of $7.5 million and $8.3 million are included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Pension benefit cost and benefit obligations are developed from actuarial valuations.  Two critical assumptions in determining pension expense and obligations are the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets.  We evaluate these assumptions at least annually.  The discount rate is used to calculate the present value of the expected future cash flows for benefit obligations under our pension plans.  Future decreases in discount rates would increase the present value of pension obligations and increase our pension costs.  Future decreases in the long-term rate of return assumption on plan assets would increase pension costs and, in general, may increase the requirement to make funding contributions to the plans.

The following table sets forth the plans’ projected benefit obligations, fair value of plan assets and funded status as of and for the years ended:
(Dollars in thousands)
Qualified
Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified
Retirement Plans
At December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Change in Benefit Obligation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at beginning of period

$70,615

 

$57,257

 

$12,569

 

$11,321

Service cost
2,720

 
2,574

 
181

 
150

Interest cost
2,883

 
2,823

 
462

 
503

Actuarial (gain) loss
(8,809
)
 
9,535

 
(1,332
)
 
1,315

Benefits paid
(2,004
)
 
(1,440
)
 
(736
)
 
(720
)
Administrative expenses
(182
)
 
(134
)
 
—

 
—

Curtailments
(4,061
)
 
—

 
(360
)
 
—

Benefit obligation at end of period

$61,162

 

$70,615

 

$10,784

 

$12,569

Change in Plan Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of period

$51,078

 

$38,330

 

$—

 

$—

Actual return on plan assets
8,168

 
4,322

 
—

 
—

Employer contributions
5,000

 
10,000

 
736

 
720

Benefits paid
(2,004
)
 
(1,440
)
 
(736
)
 
(720
)
Administrative expenses
(182
)
 
(134
)
 
—

 
—

Fair value of plan assets at end of period

$62,060

 

$51,078

 

$—

 

$—

Funded (unfunded) status at end of period

$898

 

($19,537
)
 

($10,784
)
 

($12,569
)

The funded status of the qualified pension plan has been recognized in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2013 and in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012. The funded status of the non-qualified retirement plans has been recognized in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012.



-127-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income related to the qualified pension plan and non-qualified retirement plans, on a pre-tax basis, are summarized below:
(Dollars in thousands)
Qualified
Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified
Retirement Plans
 
 
At December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Net actuarial loss

$4,510

 

$23,144

 

$2,071

 

$3,938

Prior service credit
(130
)
 
(221
)
 
(3
)
 
(5
)
Total pre-tax amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income

$4,380

 

$22,923

 

$2,068

 

$3,933


The accumulated benefit obligation for the qualified pension plan was $53.1 million and $55.8 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  The accumulated benefit obligation for the non-qualified retirement plans amounted to $10.4 million and $11.3 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The components of net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income, on a pre-tax basis, were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
Qualified
Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified
Retirement Plans
Years ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Net Periodic Benefit Cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost

$2,720

 

$2,574

 

$2,314

 

$181

 

$150

 

$71

Interest cost
2,883

 
2,823

 
2,578

 
462

 
503

 
495

Expected return on plan assets
(3,725
)
 
(2,985
)
 
(2,794
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Amortization of prior service (credit) cost
(30
)
 
(33
)
 
(33
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Recognized net actuarial loss
1,321

 
982

 
392

 
175

 
119

 
16

Curtailments
(61
)
 
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
—

Net periodic benefit cost

$3,108

 

$3,361

 

$2,457

 

$816

 

$771

 

$581

Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (on a pre-tax basis):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss (gain)

($14,572
)
 

$7,216

 

$8,951

 

($1,506
)
 

$1,195

 

$1,517

Prior service cost (credit)
30

 
33

 
33

 
1

 
1

 
1

Curtailments
(4,000
)
 
—

 
—

 
(359
)
 
—

 
—

Recognized in other comprehensive income

($18,542
)
 

$7,249

 

$8,984

 

($1,864
)
 

$1,196

 

$1,518

Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income

($15,434
)
 

$10,610

 

$11,441

 

($1,048
)
 

$1,967

 

$2,099


The estimated prior service credit and net loss for the qualified pension plan that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost during 2014 are ($23) thousand and $461 thousand, respectively.  The estimated prior service credit and net loss for the non-qualified retirement plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost during 2014 are ($1) thousand and $71 thousand, respectively.



-128-

Assumptions
The measurement date and weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows:
 
Qualified Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified Retirement Plans
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Measurement date
Dec 31, 2013
 
Dec 31, 2012
 
Dec 31, 2013
 
Dec 31, 2012
Discount rate
4.875%
 
4.125%
 
4.600%
 
3.750%
Rate of compensation increase
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%

The measurement date and weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:
 
Qualified Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified Retirement Plans
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Measurement date
Dec 31, 2012
 
Dec 31, 2011
 
Dec 31, 2010
 
Dec 31, 2012
 
Dec 31, 2011
 
Dec 31, 2010
Discount rate
4.125%
 
5.000%
 
5.625%
 
3.800%
 
4.625%
 
5.125%
Expected long-term return on plan assets
7.250%
 
7.750%
 
8.000%
 
—%
 
—%
 
—%
Rate of compensation increase
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%
 
3.750%

The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on what the Corporation believes is realistically achievable based on the types of assets held by the plan and the plan’s investment practices.  The assumption is updated at least annually, taking into account the asset allocation, historical asset return trends on the types of assets held and the current and expected economic conditions.  At December 31, 2012, the measurement date used in the determination of net periodic benefit cost for 2013, the Corporation determined that a reduction to 7.25% in the expected long-term rate of return was necessary, based upon expected market performance.

The discount rate assumption for defined benefit pension plans is reset on the measurement date.  A discount rate was selected for each plan by matching expected future benefit payments stream to a yield curve based on a selection of high-quality fixed-income debt securities.

Plan Assets
The following table presents the fair values of the qualified pension plan’s assets at December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Assets at
Fair Value
December 31, 2013
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

$2,236

 

$—

 

$—

 

$2,236

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
—

 
2,025

 
—

 
2,025

States and political subdivisions
—

 
2,218

 
—

 
2,218

Corporate bonds
—

 
11,069

 
—

 
11,069

Common stocks
24,406

 
—

 
—

 
24,406

Mutual funds
20,106

 
—

 
—

 
20,106

Total plan assets

$46,748

 

$15,312

 

$—

 

$62,060




-129-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

The following table presents the fair values of the qualified pension plan’s assets at December 31, 2012:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Assets at
Fair Value
December 31, 2012
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents

$7,274

 

$—

 

$—

 

$7,274

Obligations of U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises
—

 
1,059

 
—

 
1,059

States and political subdivisions
—

 
2,218

 
—

 
2,218

Corporate bonds
—

 
10,378

 
—

 
10,378

Common stocks
15,892

 
—

 
—

 
15,892

Mutual funds
14,750

 
—

 
—

 
14,750

Total plan assets

$37,916

 

$13,655

 

$—

 

$51,571


The qualified pension plan uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to the securities held in its investment portfolio.

When available, the qualified pension plan uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of securities; such items are classified as Level 1.  This category includes cash equivalents, common stock and mutual funds which are exchange-traded.

Level 2 securities in the qualified pension plan include debt securities with quoted prices, which are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments, whose values are determined using matrix pricing with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.  This category includes corporate bonds, municipal bonds, obligations of U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises and mortgage backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.

In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities may be classified as Level 3.  As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the qualified pension plan did not have any securities in the Level 3 category.

The asset allocations of the qualified pension plan at December 31, 2013 and 2012, by asset category were as follows:
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Asset Category:
 
 
 
Equity securities
63.8
%
 
55.0
%
Fixed securities
32.6
%
 
30.9
%
Cash and cash equivalents
3.6
%
 
14.1
%
Total
100.0
%
 
100.0
%

The assets of the qualified defined benefit pension plan trust (the “Pension Trust”) are managed to balance the needs of cash flow requirements and long-term rate of return.  Cash inflow is typically comprised of invested income from portfolio holdings and Bank contributions, while cash outflow is for the purpose of paying plan benefits and certain plan expenses.  As early as possible each year, the trustee is advised of the projected schedule of employer contributions and estimations of benefit payments.  As a general rule, the trustee shall invest the funds so as to produce sufficient income to cover benefit payments and maintain a funded status that exceeds the regulatory requirements for tax-qualified defined benefit plans.



-130-

The investment philosophy used for the Pension Trust emphasizes consistency of results over an extended market cycle, while reducing the impact of the volatility of the security markets upon investment results.  The assets of the Pension Trust should be protected by substantial diversification of investments, providing exposure to a wide range of quality investment opportunities in various asset classes, with a high degree of liquidity.

The investment objective with respect to the Pension Trust assets is to provide capital appreciation with a current income component.  At any time, the portfolio will typically be invested in the following ranges:  50% to 70% in equities; 30% to 50% in fixed income; and 0% to 10% in cash and cash equivalents.  The trustee investment manager will have authorization to invest within these ranges, making decisions based upon market conditions.

Fixed income bond investments should be limited to those in the top four categories used by the major credit rating agencies.  High yield bond funds may be used to provide exposure to this asset class as a diversification tool provided they do not exceed 10% of the portfolio.  In order to reduce the volatility of the annual rate of return of the bond portfolio, attention will be given to the maturity structure of the portfolio in the light of money market conditions and interest rate forecasts.  The assets of the Pension Trust will typically have a laddered maturity structure, avoiding large concentrations in any single year.  Common stock and equity holdings provide opportunities for dividend and capital appreciation returns.  Holdings will be appropriately diversified by maintaining broad exposure to large-, mid- and small-cap stocks as well as international equities.  Concentration in small-cap, mid-cap and international equities is limited to 20%, 20% and 30% of the equity portfolio, respectively.  Investment selection and mix of equity holdings should be influenced by forecasts of economic activity, corporate profits and allocation among different segments of the economy while ensuring efficient diversification.  The fair value of equity securities of any one issuer will not be permitted to exceed 10% of the total fair value of equity holdings of the Pension Trust.  Investments in publicly traded real estate investment trust securities and low-risk derivatives securities such as callable securities, floating rate notes, mortgage backed securities and treasury inflation protected securities, are permitted.

Cash Flows
Contributions
The Internal Revenue Code permits flexibility in plan contributions so that normally a range of contributions is possible.  The Corporation’s current funding policy has been generally to contribute the minimum required contribution and additional amounts up to the maximum deductible contribution.  The Corporation expects to contribute $3.0 million to the qualified pension plan in 2014.  In addition, the Corporation expects to contribute $751 thousand in benefit payments to the non-qualified retirement plans in 2014.

Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
Qualified
Pension Plan
 
Non-Qualified
Plans
2014

$3,832

 

$751

2015
3,276

 
770

2016
3,550

 
770

2017
3,029

 
764

2018
3,077

 
757

Years 2019 - 2022
18,244

 
3,801


401(k) Plan
The Corporation’s 401(k) Plan provides a specified match of employee contributions for substantially all employees.  In addition, substantially all employees hired after September 30, 2007, who are ineligible for participation in the qualified defined benefit pension plan, will receive a non-elective employer contribution of 4%.  Total employer matching contributions under this plan amounted to $1.6 million, $1.4 million and $1.2 million in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.



-131-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Other Incentive Plans
The Corporation maintains several non-qualified incentive compensation plans.  Substantially all employees participate in one of the incentive compensation plans.  Incentive plans provide for annual or more frequent payments based on individual, business line and/or corporate performance targets (measured in terms of the Corporation’s net income, earnings per share and return on equity).  Total incentive based compensation amounted to $13.4 million, $13.5 million and $10.7 million in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  In general, the terms of incentive plans are subject to annual renewal and may be terminated at any time by the Board of Directors.

Deferred Compensation Plan
The Amended and Restated Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan provides supplemental retirement and tax benefits to directors and certain officers.  The plan is funded primarily through pre-tax contributions made by the participants.  The assets and liabilities of the Deferred Compensation Plan are recorded at fair value in the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The participants in the plan bear the risk of market fluctuations of the underlying assets.  The accrued liability related to this plan amounted to $7.1 million and $6.2 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and is included in other liabilities on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The corresponding invested assets are reported in other assets.

(16) Share-Based Compensation Arrangements
Washington Trust’s share-based compensation plans are described below.

The 2013 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (“2013 Plan”) was approved on April 23, 2013. Under the 2013 Plan, the maximum number of shares of the Bancorp’s common stock to be issued is 1,748,250. The 2013 Plan permits the granting of stock options and other equity incentives to officers, employees, directors and other key persons.

The 2003 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2003 Plan”) was amended and restated and approved by shareholders in April 2009.  The 2003 Plan amendments included increasing the maximum number of shares of Bancorp’s common stock to be issued under the 2003 Plan from 600,000 shares to 1,200,000 shares and increasing the number of shares that can be issued in the form of awards other than share options or stock appreciation rights from 200,000 to 400,000.  The 2003 Plan permits the granting of stock options and other equity incentives to officers, employees, directors and other key persons.

The 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the “1997 Plan”), was approved by shareholders in April 1997 and provided for the granting of stock options and other equity incentives to key employees, directors, advisors and consultants.  The 1997 Plan permitted share options and other equity incentives to be granted at any time until April 29, 2007.

The exercise price of each stock option may not be less than the fair market value of the Bancorp’s common stock on the date of grant, and options shall have a term of no more than ten years. Stock options are designated as either non-qualified or incentive stock options. In general, the stock option price is payable in cash, by the delivery of shares of common stock already owned by the grantee, or a combination thereof.  With respect only to non-qualified stock option grants issued under the 2013 Plan, the exercise may also be accomplished by withholding the exercise price from the number of shares that would otherwise be delivered upon a cash exercise of the option. The fair value of stock options on the date of grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model.

Awards of nonvested share units, nonvested shares and nonvested performance shares are valued at the fair market value of the Bancorp’s common stock as of the award date.  Performance share awards are granted in order to provide certain officers of the Corporation the opportunity to earn shares of common stock the number of which is determined pursuant to, and subject to the attainment of, performance goals during a specified measurement period.  The number of shares earned will range from zero to 200% of the target number of shares dependent upon the Corporation’s core return on equity and core earnings per share growth ranking compared to an industry peer group.

Vesting of stock options and share awards may accelerate or may be subject to proportional vesting if there is a change in control, disability, retirement or death (as defined in the Plans).



-132-

Amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for stock options, nonvested share awards and nonvested performance shares are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Share-based compensation expense

$1,876

 

$1,962

 

$1,394

Related income tax benefit

$673

 

$700

 

$497


Compensation expense for stock options and nonvested shares is recognized over the service period based on the fair value at the date of grant.  Nonvested performance share compensation expense is based on the most recent performance assumption available and is adjusted as assumptions change.  If the goals are not met, no compensation cost will be recognized and any recognized compensation costs will be reversed.

Stock Options
During 2013, the Corporation granted to certain key employees 54,600 non-qualified stock options with three-year cliff vesting.  During 2012, the Corporation granted to certain key employees 106,775 non-qualified stock options with three- to five-year cliff vesting. During 2011, the Corporation granted to certain key employees 57,450 non-qualified stock options with three-year cliff vesting.

The following assumptions were used in determining the grant date fair value of the stock option awards granted:
 
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Expected term (years)
8

 
9

 
9

Expected dividend yield
3.77
%
 
3.45
%
 
3.33
%
Weighted average expected volatility
42.85
%
 
42.97
%
 
41.90
%
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
2.46
%
 
1.53
%
 
3.05
%
Weighted average grant-date fair value
$10.35
 
$7.46
 
$7.46

Washington Trust uses historical data to estimate stock option exercise and employee departure behavior used in the option-pricing model; groups of employees that have similar historical behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes.  The expected term of options granted was derived from the output of the option valuation model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding.  Expected volatility was based on historical volatility of Washington Trust shares.  The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option was based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the date of grant.



-133-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

A summary of the status of Washington Trust’s stock options outstanding as of and the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:
 
Number of Stock Options
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
 
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s)
Beginning of period
645,797

 

$23.58

 
 
 
 
Granted
54,600

 
32.77

 
 
 
 
Exercised
(258,351
)
 
23.97

 
 
 
 
Forfeited or expired
(13,658
)
 
24.46

 
 
 
 
End of period
428,388

 

$24.50

 
5.9
 

$5,451

At end of period;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Options exercisable
206,938

 

$24.20

 
3.4
 

$2,694

Options expected to vest in future periods
221,450

 

$24.77

 
8.3
 

$2,757


The total intrinsic value is the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of an option on the exercise date.

Additional information concerning options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2013 is summarized as follows:
 
Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
Exercise Price Ranges
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Remaining Life (Years)
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
$16.39 to $19.66
65,282

 
6.0
 

$17.59

 
44,282

 

$17.44

$19.67 to $22.94
55,700

 
7.3
 
21.71

 
1,500

 
21.71

$22.95 to $26.22
159,192

 
6.6
 
23.70

 
67,542

 
24.12

$26.23 to $29.49
93,614

 
1.6
 
27.50

 
93,614

 
27.50

$29.50 to $32.77
54,600

 
9.8
 
32.77

 
—

 
—

 
428,388

 
5.9
 

$24.50

 
206,938

 

$25.20


The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $1.7 million, $812 thousand and $493 thousand, respectively.

Nonvested Shares
During 2013 and 2012, the Corporation granted to directors and certain key employees 24,400 and 29,725 nonvested share units, respectively, with three- to five-years cliff vesting.  During 2011, the Corporation granted to certain key employees 31,950 nonvested share units with three-year cliff vesting.



-134-

A summary of the status of Washington Trust’s nonvested shares as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning of period
108,775

 

$20.82

Granted
24,400

 
29.90

Vested
(40,089
)
 
18.30

Forfeited
(2,561
)
 
22.14

End of period
90,525

 

$24.34


Nonvested Performance Shares
During 2013, performance share awards were granted to certain executive officers providing the opportunity to earn shares of common stock of the Corporation.  The performance shares awarded were valued at $26.05 and will be earned over a three-year performance period. The current assumption based on the most recent peer group information results in the shares earned at 150% of the target, or 45,225 shares.

During 2012, performance share awards were granted to certain executive officers providing the opportunity to earn shares of common stock of the Corporation.  The performance shares awarded were valued at $23.65 and will be earned over a three-year performance period. The current assumption based on the most recent peer group information results in the shares earned at 154% of the target, or 38,654 shares.

During 2011, a performance share award was granted to an executive officer providing the opportunity to earn shares of common stock of the Corporation.  The performance shares awarded were valued at $21.62 and will be earned over a three-year performance period. The current assumption based on the most recent peer group information results in the shares earned at 150% of the target, or 40,238 shares.

A summary of the status of Washington Trust’s performance share awards as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning of period
119,020

 

$21.45

Granted
49,138

 
26.37

Vested
(17,975
)
 
15.11

Forfeited
(26,066
)
 
23.59

End of period
124,117

 

$23.87


As of December 31, 2013, there was $3.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements (including share options, nonvested share awards and performance share awards) granted under the Plans.  That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.

(17) Business Segments
Washington Trust segregates financial information in assessing its results among its Commercial Banking and Wealth Management Services operating segments.  The amounts in the Corporate column include activity not related to the segments, such as the investment securities portfolio, wholesale funding activities and administrative units.  The Corporate column is not considered to be an operating segment.  The methodologies and organizational hierarchies that define the


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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

business segments are periodically reviewed and revised.  Results may be restated, when necessary, to reflect changes in organizational structure or allocation methodology. Any changes in estimates and allocations that may affect the reported results of any business segment will not affect the consolidated financial position or results of operations of Washington Trust as a whole.

Management uses certain methodologies to allocate income and expenses to the business lines.  A funds transfer pricing methodology is used to assign interest income and interest expense to each interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability on a matched maturity funding basis.  Certain indirect expenses are allocated to segments.  These include support unit expenses such as technology and processing operations and other support functions.

Commercial Banking
The Commercial Banking segment includes commercial, commercial real estate, residential and consumer lending activities; equity in losses of unconsolidated investments in real estate limited partnerships, mortgage banking, secondary market and loan servicing activities; deposit generation; merchant credit card services; cash management activities; and direct banking activities, which include the operation of ATMs, telephone and Internet banking services and customer support and sales.

Wealth Management Services
Wealth Management Services includes asset management services provided for individuals, institutions and mutual funds; personal trust services, including services as executor, trustee, administrator, custodian and guardian; institutional trust services, including services as trustee for pension and profit sharing plans; and other financial planning and advisory services.

Corporate
Corporate includes the Treasury Unit, which is responsible for managing the wholesale investment portfolio and wholesale funding needs.  It also includes income from bank-owned life insurance as well as administrative and executive expenses not allocated to the business lines and the residual impact of methodology allocations such as funds transfer pricing offsets.

The following tables present the statement of operations and total assets for Washington Trust’s reportable segments:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2013
Commercial
Banking
 
Wealth
Management
Services
 
Corporate
 
Consolidated
Total
Net interest income

$79,633

 

$7

 

$12,145

 

$91,785

Noninterest income
30,769

 
31,825

 
(514
)
 
62,080

Total income
110,402

 
31,832

 
11,631

 
153,865

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
2,400

 
—

 
—

 
2,400

Depreciation and amortization expense
2,473

 
1,277

 
213

 
3,963

Other noninterest expenses
61,976

 
20,494

 
12,352

 
94,822

Total noninterest expenses
64,449

 
21,771

 
12,565

 
98,785

Income (loss) before income taxes
43,553

 
10,061

 
(934
)
 
52,680

Income tax expense (benefit)
14,598

 
3,724

 
(1,795
)
 
16,527

Net income

$28,955

 

$6,337

 

$861

 

$36,153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at period end

$2,517,059

 

$50,297

 

$621,511

 

$3,188,867

Expenditures for long-lived assets

$1,286

 

$112

 

$93

 

$1,491




-136-

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2012
Commercial
Banking
 
Wealth
Management
Services
 
Corporate
 
Consolidated
Total
Net interest income

$79,505

 

$17

 

$11,174

 

$90,696

Noninterest income
31,727

 
29,640

 
3,847

 
65,214

Total income
111,232

 
29,657

 
15,021

 
155,910

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
2,700

 
—

 
—

 
2,700

Depreciation and amortization expense
2,384

 
1,272

 
285

 
3,941

Other noninterest expenses
62,963

 
19,584

 
15,850

 
98,397

Total noninterest expenses
65,347

 
20,856

 
16,135

 
102,338

Income (loss) before income taxes
43,185

 
8,801

 
(1,114
)
 
50,872

Income tax expense (benefit)
14,670

 
3,296

 
(2,168
)
 
15,798

Net income

$28,515

 

$5,505

 

$1,054

 

$35,074

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at period end

$2,436,280

 

$51,730

 

$583,874

 

$3,071,884

Expenditures for long-lived assets

$4,082

 

$877

 

$151

 

$5,110



(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2011
Commercial
Banking
 
Wealth
Management
Services
 
Corporate
 
Consolidated
Total
Net interest income (expense)

$75,967

 

($1
)
 

$8,989

 

$84,955

Noninterest income
21,806

 
28,306

 
2,652

 
52,764

Total income
97,773

 
28,305

 
11,641

 
137,719

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
4,700

 
—

 
—

 
4,700

Depreciation and amortization expense
2,512

 
1,330

 
283

 
4,125

Other noninterest expenses
55,543

 
19,041

 
11,664

 
86,248

Total noninterest expenses
58,055

 
20,371

 
11,947

 
90,373

Income (loss) before income taxes
35,018

 
7,934

 
(306
)
 
42,646

Income tax expense (benefit)
11,781

 
2,957

 
(1,816
)
 
12,922

Net income

$23,237

 

$4,977

 

$1,510

 

$29,724

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at period end

$2,257,326

 

$51,104

 

$755,668

 

$3,064,098

Expenditures for long-lived assets

$2,982

 

$493

 

$169

 

$3,644




-137-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

(18) Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following tables present the activity in other comprehensive income (loss):
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2013
Pre-tax Amounts
 
Income Taxes
 
Net of Tax
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of securities available for sale

($10,586
)
 

($3,778
)
 

($6,808
)
Net (gains) losses on securities classified into earnings (1)
294

 
106

 
188

Net change in fair value of securities available for sale
(10,292
)
 
(3,672
)
 
(6,620
)
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred into earnings (2)
3,195

 
1,146

 
2,049

Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges
(58
)
 
(23
)
 
(35
)
Net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into earnings (3)
657

 
234

 
423

Change in the fair value of cash flow hedges
599

 
211

 
388

Defined benefit plan obligation adjustment (4)
20,406

 
7,277

 
13,129

Total other comprehensive income

$13,908

 

$4,962

 

$8,946



(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2012
Pre-tax Amounts
 
Income Taxes
 
Net of Tax
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of securities available for sale

($4,125
)
 

($1,459
)
 

($2,666
)
Net (gains) losses on securities classified into earnings (1)
(1,195
)
 
(427
)
 
(768
)
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale
(5,320
)
 
(1,886
)
 
(3,434
)
Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred into earnings (2)
193

 
68

 
125

Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges
(521
)
 
(188
)
 
(333
)
Net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into earnings (3)
706

 
252

 
454

Change in the fair value of cash flow hedges
185

 
64

 
121

Defined benefit plan obligation adjustment (4)
(8,445
)
 
(3,029
)
 
(5,416
)
Total other comprehensive income

($13,387
)
 

($4,783
)
 

($8,604
)




-138-

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2011
Pre-tax Amounts
 
Income Taxes
 
Net of Tax
Securities available for sale:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of securities available for sale

$2,620

 

$998

 

$1,622

Net (gains) losses on securities classified into earnings (1)
(644
)
 
(229
)
 
(415
)
Net change in fair value of securities available for sale
1,976

 
769

 
1,207

Reclassification adjustment for other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred into earnings (2)
137

 
49

 
88

Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges
(1,464
)
 
(522
)
 
(942
)
Net cash flow hedge losses reclassified into earnings (3)
755

 
269

 
486

Net change in the fair value of cash flow hedges
(709
)
 
(253
)
 
(456
)
Defined benefit plan obligation adjustment (4)
(10,502
)
 
(3,743
)
 
(6,759
)
Total other comprehensive income

($9,098
)
 

($3,178
)
 

($5,920
)

(1) Reported as total other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2) Reported as the portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(3) Included in interest expense on junior subordinated debentures in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
(4) Included in salaries and employee benefits expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, for the year ended December 31, 2013:
(Dollars in thousands)
Net Unrealized Gains on Available For Sale Securities
 
Noncredit -related Impairment
 
Net Unrealized Losses on Cash Flow Hedges
 
Pension Benefit Adjustment
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2012

$9,709

 

($1,937
)
 

($1,006
)
 

($17,265
)
 

($10,499
)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
(6,808
)
 
—

 
(35
)
 
—

 
(6,843
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
188

 
2,049

 
423

 
13,129

 
15,789

Net other comprehensive income (loss)
(6,620
)
 
2,049

 
388

 
13,129

 
8,946

Balance at December 31, 2013

$3,089

 

$112

 

($618
)
 

($4,136
)
 

($1,553
)


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WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012


The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012:
(Dollars in thousands)
Net Unrealized Gains on Available For Sale Securities
 
Noncredit -related Impairment
 
Net Unrealized Losses on Cash Flow Hedges
 
Pension Benefit Adjustment
 
Total
Balance at January 1, 2011

$11,936

 

($2,150
)
 

($671
)
 

($5,090
)
 

$4,025

Period change, net of tax
1,207

 
88

 
(456
)
 
(6,759
)
 
(5,920
)
Balance at December 31, 2011

$13,143

 

($2,062
)
 

($1,127
)
 

($11,849
)
 

($1,895
)
Period change, net of tax
(3,434
)
 
125

 
121

 
(5,416
)
 
(8,604
)
Balance at December 31, 2012

$9,709

 

($1,937
)
 

($1,006
)
 

($17,265
)
 

($10,499
)

(19) Earnings per Common Share
Washington Trust utilizes the two-class method earnings allocation formula to determine earnings per share of each class of stock according to dividends and participation rights in undistributed earnings.  Share based payments that entitle holders to receive non-forfeitable dividends before vesting are considered participating securities and included in earnings allocation for computing basic earnings per share under this method.  Undistributed income is allocated to common shareholders and participating securities under the two-class method based upon the proportion of each to the total weighted average shares available.

The calculation of earnings per common share is presented below:
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities
(155
)
 
(160
)
 
(112
)
Net income applicable to common shareholders
35,998

 
34,914

 
29,612

 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average basic common shares
16,506

 
16,358

 
16,254

Dilutive effect of:
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock equivalents
158

 
43

 
30

Weighted average diluted common shares
16,664

 
16,401

 
16,284

 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
Basic

$2.18

 

$2.13

 

$1.82

Diluted

$2.16

 

$2.13

 

$1.82


Weighted average common stock equivalents, not included in common stock equivalents above because they were anti-dilutive, totaled 23 thousand, 357 thousand and 371 thousand for 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

(20) Commitments and Contingencies
Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Risk
The Corporation is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to manage the Corporation’s exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.  These


-140-

financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, interest rate swap agreements and commitments to originate and commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans.  These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.  The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Corporation has in particular classes of financial instruments.  The Corporation’s credit policies with respect to interest rate swap agreements with commercial borrowers, commitments to extend credit, and financial guarantees are similar to those used for loans.  The interest rate swaps with other counterparties are generally subject to bilateral collateralization terms.

The contractual and notional amounts of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
 
December 31,
2013

 
2012

Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit:
 
 
 
Commercial loans

$259,061

 

$223,426

Home equity lines
198,432

 
184,941

Other loans
35,175

 
30,504

Standby letters of credit
1,363

 
1,039

Financial instruments whose notional amounts exceed the amount of credit risk:
 
 
 
Forward loan commitments:
 
 
 
Commitments to originate fixed rate mortgage loans to be sold
17,910

 
67,792

Commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans
29,364

 
116,162

Customer related derivative contracts:
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps with customers
105,582

 
70,493

Mirror swaps with counterparties
105,582

 
70,493

Interest rate risk management contract:


 


Interest rate swap
22,681

 
32,991


Commitments to Extend Credit
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there are no violations of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  Since some of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  Each borrower’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis.  The amount of collateral obtained is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby Letters of Credit
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  Under the standby letters of credit, the Corporation is required to make payments to the beneficiary of the letters of credit upon request by the beneficiary contingent upon the customer’s failure to perform under the terms of the underlying contract with the beneficiary.  Standby letters of credit extend up to five years.  At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the maximum potential amount of undiscounted future payments, not reduced by amounts that may be recovered, totaled $1.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively.  At December 31, 2013 and 2012, there were no liabilities to beneficiaries resulting from standby letters of credit.  Fee income on standby letters of credit totaled $23 thousand in 2013, compared to $94 thousand in 2012 and $153 thousand in 2011.



-141-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, a substantial portion of the standby letters of credit were supported by pledged collateral.  The collateral obtained is determined based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.  Should the Corporation be required to make payments to the beneficiary, repayment from the customer to the Corporation is required.

Forward Loan Commitments
Interest rate lock commitments are extended to borrowers that relate to the origination of readily marketable mortgage loans held for sale.  To mitigate the interest rate risk inherent in these rate locks, as well as closed mortgage loans held for sale, best efforts forward commitments are established to sell individual mortgage loans.  Both interest rate lock commitments and commitments to sell fixed rate residential mortgage loans are derivative financial instruments.

Leases
At December 31, 2013, the Corporation was committed to rent premises used in banking operations under non-cancelable operating leases.  Rental expense under the operating leases amounted to $2.8 million, $2.8 million and $1.9 million for December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The minimum annual lease payments under the terms of these leases, exclusive of renewal provisions, are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Years ending December 31:
2014

$2,542

 
2015
1,944

 
2016
1,604

 
2017
1,462

 
2018
1,143

 
2019 and thereafter
13,490

Total minimum lease payments
 

$22,185


Lease expiration dates range from five months to 25 years, with renewal options on certain leases of six months to 25 years.

Other Contingencies
Litigation
The Corporation is involved in various claims and legal proceedings arising out of the ordinary course of business.  Management is of the opinion, based on its review with counsel of the development of such matters to date, that the ultimate disposition of such matters will not materially affect the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Corporation.

Other
When selling a residential real estate mortgage loan or acting as originating agent on behalf of a third party, Washington Trust generally makes various representations and warranties. The specific representations and warranties depend on the nature of the transaction and the requirements of the buyer.  Contractual liability may arise when the representations and warranties are breached.  In the event of a breach of these representations and warranties, Washington Trust may be required to either repurchase the residential real estate mortgage loan (generally at unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest) with the identified defects or indemnify (“make-whole”) the investor for its losses. In the case of a repurchase, the Corporation will bear any subsequent credit loss on the residential real estate mortgage loan.

Washington Trust has experienced an insignificant number of repurchase demands over a period of many years.  The unpaid principal balance of loans repurchased due to representation and warranty claims as of December 31, 2013 was $682 thousand compared to $843 thousand at December 31, 2012. In 2013 and 2012, rebates of premiums for loans sold that were paid off within a contractually agreed upon of period of time were insignificant. Washington Trust has recorded a reserve for its exposure to losses for premium recapture and the obligation to repurchase previously sold residential real estate mortgage loans.  The reserve balance amounted to $275 thousand and $250 thousand at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Any change in the estimate


-142-

is recorded in net gains on loan sales and commissions on loans originated for others in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

(21) Parent Company Financial Statements
The following are parent company only financial statements of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. reflecting the investment in the Bank on the equity basis of accounting.  The Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the parent company only are identical to the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and are therefore not presented.

Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except par value)
 
December 31,
 
2013

 
2012

Assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash on deposit with bank subsidiary
 

$2,126

 

$1,694

Interest-bearing balances due from banks
 
1,569

 
1,970

Investment in subsidiaries at equity value
 
349,342

 
325,717

Dividends receivable from subsidiaries
 
4,606

 
4,198

Other assets
 
494

 
891

Total assets
 

$358,137

 

$334,470

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Junior subordinated debentures
 

$22,681

 

$32,991

Dividends payable
 
4,756

 
4,152

Other liabilities
 
1,054

 
1,675

Total liabilities
 
28,491

 
38,818

Shareholders’ Equity:
 
 
 
 
Common stock of $.0625 par value; authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 16,613,561 shares in 2013 and 16,379,771 shares in 2012
 
1,038

 
1,024

Paid-in capital
 
97,566

 
91,453

Retained earnings
 
232,595

 
213,674

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(1,553
)
 
(10,499
)
Total shareholders’ equity
 
329,646

 
295,652

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 

$358,137

 

$334,470




-143-

WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
December 31, 2013 and 2012

Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Years ended December 31,
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Income:
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends from subsidiaries

$24,481

 

$16,188

 

$14,439

Other income
20

 
3

 
2

Total income
24,501

 
16,191

 
14,441

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on junior subordinated debentures
1,484

 
1,570

 
1,568

Legal and professional fees
145

 
127

 
118

Other
279

 
279

 
257

Total expenses
1,908

 
1,976

 
1,943

Income before income taxes
22,593

 
14,215

 
12,498

Income tax benefit
661

 
682

 
669

Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
23,254

 
14,897

 
13,167

Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
12,899

 
20,177

 
16,557

Net income

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724




-144-

Statements of Cash Flows
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Years ended December 31,
 
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Cash flow from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 

$36,153

 

$35,074

 

$29,724

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary
 
(12,899
)
 
(20,177
)
 
(16,557
)
Increase in dividend receivable
 
(408
)
 
(298
)
 
(660
)
Decrease (increase) in other assets
 
397

 
77

 
(246
)
(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
(621
)
 
(215
)
 
281

Other, net
 
(214
)
 
(237
)
 
(115
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
22,408

 
14,224

 
12,427

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repayment of equity investment in capital trust
 
310

 
—

 
—

Net cash used in investing activities
 
310

 
—

 
—

Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of treasury stock, including net deferred compensation plan activity
 
30

 
—

 
—

Proceeds from issuance of common stock under dividend reinvestment plan
 
—

 
—

 
754

Proceeds from stock option exercises and issuance of other equity instruments
 
3,651

 
1,257

 
885

Tax benefit from stock option exercises and other equity instrument issuances
 
570

 
210

 
115

Repayment of junior subordinated debentures
 
(10,310
)
 
—

 
—

Cash dividends paid
 
(16,628
)
 
(15,133
)
 
(14,205
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
(22,687
)
 
(13,666
)
 
(12,451
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash
 
31

 
558

 
(24
)
Cash at beginning of year
 
3,664

 
3,106

 
3,130

Cash at end of year
 

$3,695

 

$3,664

 

$3,106


(22) Subsequent Event
On March 1, 2014, the Corporation sold its merchant processing service business line to a third party. The sale resulted in a gain of approximately $6.3 million; after-tax $4.0 million, or $0.24 per diluted share.  In addition, Washington Trust expects to incur divestiture related costs of approximately $359 thousand; after-tax $230 thousand, or $0.01 per diluted share, in the first quarter of 2014. The Corporation will also have the opportunity to earn additional referral revenues during the ten-year period following the transaction.

Washington Trust has also entered into transactions in March 2014 involving the prepayment of FHLBB advances totaling approximately $99.3 million, resulting in debt prepayment penalty expense of approximately $6.3 million; after-tax $4.0 million, or $0.24 per diluted share.  The weighted average rate of these FHLBB advances was 3.01% with a weighted average remaining term of thirty-six months.  The funding was primarily replaced with lower cost borrowings from other wholesale funding sources and existing on balance sheet liquidity.




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ITEM 9.  Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.

ITEM 9A.  Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the Corporation carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s management, including the Corporation’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period ended December 31, 2013.  Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective and designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Corporation's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  The Corporation will continue to review and document its disclosure controls and procedures and consider such changes in future evaluations of the effectiveness of such controls and procedures, as it deems appropriate.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The Corporation's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). The Corporation's internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to its management and the Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. The Corporation's management assessed the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report. In addition, the effectiveness of the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this report has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm.

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2013 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B.  Other Information.
None.
PART III

ITEM 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by this Item appears under the captions “Election of Directors (Proposal No. 1),” “Board of Directors and Committees – Board Committees – Audit Committee,” “Executive Officers,” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Bancorp’s Proxy Statement dated March 13, 2014 prepared for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 22, 2014, which is incorporated herein by reference.

The Corporation maintains a code of ethics that applies to all of the Corporation’s directors, officers and employees, including the Corporation’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer.  This code of ethics is available on the Corporation’s website at www.washtrust.com, under the heading Investor Relations.

ITEM 11.  Executive Compensation.
The information required by this Item appears under the captions “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Director Compensation Table,” “Executive Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” in the Bancorp’s Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which are incorporated herein by reference.



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ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Required information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management appears under the caption “Election of Directors (Proposal No. 1)” in the Bancorp’s Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information as of December 31, 2013 regarding shares of common stock of the Bancorp that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans, including the 1997 Plan, the 2003 Plan, the 2013 Plan, and the Amended and Restated Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”).
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan category
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (1)
Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plan (excluding securities referenced in column (a))
 
(a)
(b)
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (2)
693,263

(3)

$24.50

(4)
1,862,344

(5)
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (6)
3,963

 
N/A

(7)
N/A

 
Total
697,226

 

$24.50

(4) (7)
1,862,344

 
(1)
Does not include any shares already reflected in the Bancorp’s outstanding shares.
(2)
Consists of the 1997 Plan, the 2003 Plan and the 2013 Plan. Under the 2013 Plan, the grant of any full value award (an award other than an option or a stock appreciation award) shall be deemed, for the purposes determining the number of shares of stock available for issuance, as an award of 1.85 shares of stock for each such share subject to the award.
(3)
For performance share awards, amounts included represent the maximum amount of performance shares that could be issued under existing awards.  The actual shares issued may differ based on the attainment of performance goals.
(4)
Does not include the effect of the nonvested share units awarded under the 1997 Plan, the 2003 Plan and the 2013 Plan because these units do not have an exercise price.
(5)
Includes up to 30,726 securities that may be issued in the form of nonvested shares under the 2003 Plan.
(6)
Consists of the Deferred Compensation Plan, which is described below.
(7)
Does not include information about the phantom stock units outstanding under the Deferred Compensation Plan, as such units do not have any exercise price.

The Deferred Compensation Plan
The Deferred Compensation Plan has not been approved by our shareholders.

The Deferred Compensation Plan provides supplemental retirement and tax benefits to directors and certain officers.  The plan is funded primarily through pre-tax contributions made by the participants.

The Deferred Compensation Plan was included as part of Exhibit 10.1 to the Bancorp’s Form S-8 Registration Statement (File No. 333-146388) filed with the SEC on September 28, 2007.

ITEM 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the captions “Indebtedness and Other Transactions,” “Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions” and “Corporate Governance – Director Independence” in the Bancorp’s Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

ITEM 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Bancorp’s Proxy Statement for the 2014 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.



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PART IV

IITEM 15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)
1.
Financial Statements.  The financial statements of the Corporation required in response to this Item are listed in response to Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
2.
Financial Statement Schedules.  All schedules normally required by Article 9 of Regulation S-X and all other schedules to the consolidated financial statements of the Corporation have been omitted because the required information is either not required, not applicable, or is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
 
3.
Exhibits.  The following exhibits are included as part of this Form 10-K.
Exhibit Number
 
3.1
Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant – Filed as Exhibit 3.a to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000. (1)
3.2
Amendment to Restated Articles of Incorporation – Filed as Exhibit 3.b to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. (1)
3.3
Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant – Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 20, 2007. (1)
4.1
Transfer Agency and Registrar Services Agreement, between Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, dated February 15, 2006 – Filed as Exhibit 4.1 on the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006. (1)
4.2
Agreement of Substitution and Amendment of Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, between Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, dated February 15, 2006 – Filed as Exhibit 4.2 on the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006. (1)
4.3
Shareholder Rights Agreement, dated as of August 17, 2006, between Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent – Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 17, 2006. (1)
10.1
The Registrant’s 1997 Equity Incentive Plan – Filed as Exhibit 10.f to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. (1) (2)
10.2
Amendment to the Registrant’s 1997 Equity Incentive Plan – Filed as Exhibit 10.b to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2000. (1) (2)
10.3
Form of Restricted Stock Units Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (employees) – Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.4
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (employees) - Filed as Exhibit No. 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.5
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (members of the Board of Directors) - Filed as Exhibit No. 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.6
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (employees) – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.7
Form of Incentive Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)


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10.8
Form of Restricted Stock Units Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (members of the Board of Directors) – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.6 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.9
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.7 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.10
Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (members of the Board of Directors) – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.8 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.11
Form of Incentive Stock Option Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.9 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 17, 2005. (1) (2)
10.12
2003 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended and Restated - Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 29, 2009. (1) (2)
10.13
The Registrant’s 2013 Stock Incentive Plan – Filed as Exhibit No. 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 23, 2013. (1) (2)
10.14
Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of WT Capital Trust I dated August 29, 2005, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee and Institutional Trustee, Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc., as Sponsor, and the Administrators listed therein – Filed as exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.15
Indenture dated as of August 29, 2005, between Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc., as Issuer, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee – Filed as exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.16
Guaranty Agreement dated August 29, 2005, by and between Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company – Filed as exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.17
Certificate Evidencing Fixed/Floating Rate Capital Securities of WT Capital Trust I dated August 29, 2005 – Filed as exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.18
Fixed/Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debenture of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. dated August 29, 2005 – Filed as exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.19
Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of WT Capital Trust II dated August 29, 2005, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee and Institutional Trustee, Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc., as Sponsor, and the Administrators listed therein – Filed as exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.20
Indenture dated as of August 29, 2005, between Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc., as Issuer, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee – Filed as exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.21
Guaranty Agreement dated August 29, 2005, by and between Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company – Filed as exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.22
Certificate Evidencing Capital Securities of WT Capital Trust II (Number of Capital Securities – 10,000) dated August 29, 2005 – Filed as exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.23
Certificate Evidencing Capital Securities of WT Capital Trust II (Number of Capital Securities – 4,000) dated August 29, 2005 – Filed as exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)


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10.24
Fixed/Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debt Security due 2035 of Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. dated August 29, 2005 – Filed as exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 1, 2005. (1)
10.25
Form of Restricted Stock Units Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (employees) – Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2006. (1) (2)
10.26
Form of Restricted Stock Units Certificate under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (members of the Board of Directors) – Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2006. (1) (2)
10.27
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (employees) – Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2006. (1) (2)
10.28
Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (members of the Board of Directors) – Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 19, 2006. (1) (2)
10.29
Amended and Restated Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-146388) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 28, 2007. (1) (2)
10.30
Amended and Restated Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan – Filed as Exhibit 10.36 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. (1) (2)
10.31
Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan – Filed as Exhibit 10.37 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. (1) (2)
10.32
Form and terms of Executive Severance Agreement – Filed as Exhibit 10.38 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. (1) (2)
10.33
Form and terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. 2003 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (employees)  – Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008. (1) (2)
10.34
First Amendment to The Washington Trust Company Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan As Amended and Restated– Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008. (1) (2)
10.35
Share Purchase Agreement, dated October 2, 2008, by and among Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc. and the Purchasers – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 2, 2008. (1)
10.36
2003 Stock Incentive Plan as Amended and Restated - Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 29, 2009. (1) (2)
10.37
Form and terms of Change in Control Agreement – Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2009. (1) (2)
10.38
Compensatory agreement with an executive officer, dated July 16, 2009 – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 24, 2009. (1) (2)
10.39
Terms of Change in Control Agreement with an executive officer, dated September 21, 2009 – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009. (1) (2)
10.40
Terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement with an executive officer, dated January 20, 2010 – Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2010. (1) (2)
10.41
Terms of Change in Control Agreement with an executive officer, dated December 21, 2010 – Filed as exhibit 10.49 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. (1) (2)


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10.42
Terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement with certain executive officers, dated January 18, 2011 – Filed as Exhibit 10.50 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. (1) (2)
10.43
Terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement with certain executive officers, dated January 17, 2012 – Filed as exhibit 10.51 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. (1) (2)
10.44
Compensatory agreement with an executive officer, dated June 20, 2012 – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 28, 2012. (1) (2)
10.45
Terms of Change in Control Agreement with an executive officer, dated January 10, 2013 – Filed as exhibit 10.53 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. (1) (2)
10.46
Terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement with certain executive officers, dated January 22, 2013 – Filed as exhibit 10.54 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. (1) (2)
10.47
Compensatory agreement with an executive officer, dated September 19, 2013 – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 25, 2013. (1) (2)
10.48
Separation Agreement with an executive officer, dated June 12, 2013 – Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 12, 2013. (1) (2)
10.49
Amendment to Supplemental Pension Benefit Plan – Filed herewith. (2)
10.50
Amended and Restated Annual Performance Plan, dated December 16, 2013 – Filed herewith. (2)
10.51
Amended and Restated Wealth Management Business Building Incentive Plan, dated March 3, 2014 – Filed herewith (2)
10.52
Terms of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement with certain executive officers, dated March 3, 2014 – Filed herewith. (2)
14.1
Amended and Restated Code of Ethics and Standards of Personal Conduct, dated December 19, 2013 – Filed herewith.
21.1
Subsidiaries of the Registrant – Filed as Exhibit 21.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. (1)
23.1
Consent of Independent Accountants – Filed herewith.
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – Filed herewith.
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – Filed herewith.
32.1
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 – Furnished herewith. (3)
101
The following materials from Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) related notes to these financial statements - Furnished herewith. (4)

(1)
Not filed herewith.  In accordance with Rule 12b-32 promulgated pursuant to the Exchange Act, reference is made to the documents previously filed with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference herein.
(2)
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
(3)
These certifications are not “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
(4)
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL-related information in Exhibit 101 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
(b)    See (a)(3) above for all exhibits filed herewith and the Exhibit Index.
(c)    Financial Statement Schedules.  None.



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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
 
 
WASHINGTON TRUST BANCORP, INC.
 
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
By
/s/  Joseph J. MarcAurele
 
 
 
Joseph J. MarcAurele
 
 
 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
By
/s/  David V. Devault
 
 
 
David V. Devault
 
 
 
Vice Chair, Secretary and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial and principal accounting officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  John J. Bowen
 
 
 
John J. Bowen, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Steven J. Crandall
 
 
 
Steven J. Crandall, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Robert A. DiMuccio
 
 
 
Robert A. DiMuccio, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Barry G. Hittner
 
 
 
Barry G. Hittner, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Katherine W. Hoxsie
 
 
 
Katherine W. Hoxsie, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Joseph J. MarcAurele
 
 
 
Joseph J. MarcAurele, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Kathleen E. McKeough
 
 
 
Kathleen E. McKeough, Director
 
 
 
 



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Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Victor J. Orsinger II
 
 
 
Victor J. Orsinger II, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  H. Douglas Randall III
 
 
 
H. Douglas Randall, III, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Edwin J. Santos
 
 
 
Edwin J. Santos, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  Patrick J. Shanahan, Jr.
 
 
 
Patrick J. Shanahan, Jr., Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  John F. Treanor
 
 
 
John F. Treanor, Director
 
 
 
 
Date:
March 7, 2014
 
/s/  John C. Warren
 
 
 
John C. Warren, Director



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