4.	FAIR VALUE

Fair Value Measurement

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value hierarchy has also been established which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The following three levels of inputs are used to measure fair value:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The fair values of most trading securities and securities available for sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). The fair value of one corporate bond held by the Corporation has been determined by using Level 3 inputs. The Corporation has engaged a valuation expert to price this security using a proprietary model which incorporates assumptions about certain factors that market participants would use in pricing the securities, including bid/ask spreads and liquidity and credit premiums.

The Corporation’s structured pooled trust preferred security is priced using Level 3 inputs. The decline in the level of observable inputs and market activity in this class of investments by the measurement date has been significant and resulted in unreliable external pricing. Broker pricing and bid/ask spreads, when available, vary widely, and the once-active market has become comparatively inactive. The Corporation engaged a third party consultant who has developed a model for pricing this security. Information such as historical and current performance of the underlying collateral, deferral and default rates, collateral coverage ratios, break in yield calculations, cash flow projections, liquidity and credit premiums required by a market participant, and financial trend analysis with respect to the individual issuing financial institutions and insurance companies are utilized in determining the security valuation. Due to the current market conditions as well as the limited trading activity of these types of securities, the market value of the Corporation’s structured pooled trust preferred security is highly sensitive to assumption changes and market volatility.

The Corporation’s derivative instrument is an interest rate swap that is similar to those that trade in liquid markets. As such, significant fair value inputs can generally be verified and do not typically involve significant management judgments (Level 2 inputs).

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:


				Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2013 Using
Description	Total			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Securities Available For Sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	2,007		$	0	$	2,007		$	0
U.S. Government sponsored entities		177,230			0		177,230			0
States and political subdivisions		179,863			0		179,863			0
Residential and multi-family mortgage		255,039			0		255,039			0
Commercial mortgage		950			0		950			0
Corporate notes and bonds		14,157			0		14,157			0
Pooled trust preferred		776			0		0			776
Pooled SBA		69,513			69,513		0			0
Other securities		996			996		0			0

Total Securities Available For Sale	$	700,531		$	70,509	$	629,246		$	776

Trading Securities:
Corporate equity securities	$	2,998		$	2,998	$	0		$	0
Certificates of deposit		253			253		0			0
International mutual funds		257			257		0			0
Large cap growth mutual funds		182			182		0			0
Large cap value mutual funds		121			121		0			0
Real estate investment trust mutual funds		40			40		0			0
Corporate notes and bonds		152			0		152			0
Mid cap mutual funds		81			81		0			0
Small cap mutual funds		81			81		0			0
U.S. Government sponsored entities		53			0		53			0
Commodities mutual funds		54			54		0			0
Money market mutual funds		86			86		0			0

Total Trading Securities	$	4,358		$	4,153	$	205		$	0

Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	(1,241	)	$	0	$	(1,241	)	$	0


				Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2012 Using
Description	Total			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Securities Available For Sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	4,036		$	0	$	4,036		$	0
U.S. Government sponsored entities		163,781			0		163,781			0
States and political subdivisions		181,279			0		181,279			0
Residential and multi-family mortgage		316,822			0		316,822			0
Commercial mortgage		1,304			0		1,304			0
Corporate notes and bonds		15,024			0		13,044			1,980
Pooled trust preferred		600			0		0			600
Pooled SBA		52,927			52,631		296			0
Other securities		1,538			1,538		0			0

Total Securities Available For Sale	$	737,311		$	54,169	$	680,562		$	2,580

Trading Securities:
Corporate equity securities	$	3,117		$	3,117	$	0		$	0
Certificates of deposit		408			408		0			0
International mutual funds		287			287		0			0
Large cap growth mutual funds		157			157		0			0
Money market mutual funds		110			110		0			0
Large cap value mutual funds		104			104		0			0
Corporate notes and bonds		101			0		101			0
Real estate investment trust mutual funds		65			65		0			0
U.S. Government sponsored entities		58			0		58			0
Small cap mutual funds		26			26		0			0
Mid cap mutual funds		26			26		0			0

Total Trading Securities	$	4,459		$	4,300	$	159		$	0

Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	(1,745	)	$	0	$	(1,745	)	$	0

The table below presents a reconciliation and income statement classification of gains and losses for all securities available for sale measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three months ended September 30, 2013:


	Pooled trust preferred
Balance, July 1, 2013	$	630
Total gains or (losses):
Included in other comprehensive income		146
Included in realized gains on available-for-sale securities		0
Sale of available-for-sale securities		0

Balance, September 30, 2013	$	776


	Corporate notes and bonds			Pooled trust preferred
Balance, January 1, 2013	$	1,980		$	600
Total gains or (losses):
Included in other comprehensive income		(29	)		176
Included in realized gains on available-for-sale securities		58			0
Sale of available-for-sale securities		(2,009	)		0

Balance, September 30, 2013	$	0		$	776


	Corporate notes and bonds			Pooled trust preferred
Balance, July 1, 2012	$	2,071		$	360
Total gains or losses:
Included in other comprehensive income (unrealized)		(86	)		0

Balance, September 30, 2012	$	1,985		$	360


	Corporate notes and bonds			Pooled trust preferred
Balance, January 1, 2012	$	2,060		$	340
Total gains or losses:
Included in other comprehensive income (unrealized)		(75	)		20

Balance, September 30, 2012	$	1,985		$	360

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2013:


	Fair value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Input Utilized
Pooled trust preferred	$	776	Discounted cash flow	Collateral default rate	2% in 2013; 1.5% in 2014; 1.0% in 2015; 0.5% in 2016 and thereafter
				Yield Prepayment speed	12% 6.7% constant prepayment rate in 2013; 2.0% constant prepayment rate in 2014 and thereafter

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements at December 31, 2012:


	Fair value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Input Utilized
Corporate notes and bonds	$	1,980	Discounted cash flow	Constant prepayment rate Probability of default Discount rate	0% 0% 9.6%

Pooled trust preferred	$	600	Discounted cash flow	Collateral default rate Yield Recovery probability	2% annually for 2 years; 0.36% thereafter 13% 10%, lagged 2 years

At September 30, 2013, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Corporation’s pooled trust preferred security are collateral default rate, yield, and prepayment speed. At December 31, 2012, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Corporation’s pooled trust preferred security are collateral default rate, yield, and recovery probability. Significant increases in specific-issuer default assumptions or decreases in specific-issuer recovery assumptions would result in a significantly lower fair value measurement. Conversely, decreases in specific-issuer default assumptions or increases in specific-issuer recovery assumptions would result in a higher fair value measurement.

During the three months ended September 30, 2012, residential mortgage and asset backed securities totaling $3,148 that were reported as Level 1 securities as of the beginning of the period were transferred to the Level 2 category. There were no transfers of securities from Level 1 to Level 2 during the three months ended September 30, 2013.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the following available for sale securities reported as Level 1 securities as of the beginning of the period were transferred to the Level 2 category:


	2013		2012
U.S. Government sponsored entities	$	0	$	2,000
States and political subdivisions		0		4,655
Residential mortgage and asset backed		0		8,577

Total	$	0	$	15,232

These securities were transferred from the Level 1 category to the Level 2 category since there were no longer quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that the Corporation had the ability to access. There were no transfers from the Level 2 category to the Level 1 category during the three or nine month periods ended September 30, 2013 or 2012. The Corporation’s policy for determining when a transfer between the Level 1 and Level 2 categories has occurred is to monitor and report such transfers as of each quarterly reporting period.

The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is generally based on recent real estate appraisals prepared by third-parties. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Management also adjusts appraised values based on the length of time that has passed since the appraisal date and other factors. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are as follows at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012:


			Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2013 Using
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Impaired loans:
Commercial mortgages	$	7,474	$	0	$	0	$	7,474
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural		1,200		0		0		1,200
Residential real estate		64		0		0		64

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2012 Using
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Impaired loans:
Commercial mortgages	$	8,422	$	0	$	0	$	8,422
Commercial, industrial, and agricultural		1,973		0		0		1,973
Residential real estate		402		0		0		402

Impaired loans, which are measured for impairment using the fair value of collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a recorded investment of $12,143 with a valuation allowance of $3,405 as of September 30, 2013, resulting in an additional provision for loan losses of $704 and $3,233 for the corresponding three and nine months ended September 30, 2013. Impaired loans had a recorded investment of $12,535 with a valuation allowance of $1,738 as of December 31, 2012, and an additional provision for loan losses of $756 and $1,544 was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012.

The estimated fair values of impaired collateral dependent loans such as commercial or residential mortgages are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a collateral dependent loan, such as a commercial or residential mortgage loan, becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal, and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral and a further reduction for estimated costs to sell the property is applied, which results in an amount that is considered to be the estimated fair value. If a loan becomes impaired and the appraisal of related loan collateral is outdated, management applies an appropriate adjustment factor based on its experience with current valuations of similar collateral in determining the loan’s estimated fair value and resulting allowance for loan losses. Third-party appraisals are not customarily obtained in respect of unimpaired loans, unless in management’s view changes in circumstances warrant obtaining an updated appraisal.

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2013:


	Fair value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans – commercial mortgages	$	7,473	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	9% - 10% (10%)

Impaired loans – commercial, industrial, and agricultural		1,200	Income approach	Adjustment for differences in net operating income	13% - 32% (23%)

Impaired loans – residential real estate		64	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	17% - 26% (23%)

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2012:


	Fair value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range (Weighted Average)

Impaired loans – commercial mortgages	$	8,422	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	1% - 39% (19%)

Impaired loans – commercial, industrial, and agricultural		1,973	Income approach	Adjusting for differences in net operating income	24% - 38% (27%)

Impaired loans – residential real estate		402	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between the comparable sales	10% - 15% (11%)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying amount and fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2013:


	Carrying			Fair Value Measurement Using:									Total
	Amount			Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Fair Value
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	32,856		$	32,856		$	0		$	0		$	32,856
Interest bearing time deposits with other banks		275			0			281			0			281
Securities available for sale		700,531			70,509			629,246			776			700,531
Trading securities		4,358			4,153			205			0			4,358
Loans held for sale		399			0			410			0			410
Net loans		1,011,750			0			0			1,008,375			1,008,375
FHLB and other equity interests		7,580			n/a			n/a			n/a			n/a
Accrued interest receivable		7,267			429			3,827			3,011			7,267

LIABILITIES
Deposits	$	(1,552,281	)	$	(1,365,864	)	$	(186,041	)	$	0		$	(1,551,905	)
FHLB and other borrowings		(122,976	)		0			(122,976	)		0			(122,976	)
Subordinated debentures		(20,620	)		0			(10,945	)		0			(10,945	)
Interest rate swaps		(1,241	)		0			(1,241	)		0			(1,241	)
Accrued interest payable		(805	)		(200	)		(590	)		(15	)		(805	)

The following table presents the carrying amount and fair value of financial instruments at December 31, 2012:


	Carrying			Fair Value Measurement Using:									Total
	Amount			Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Fair Value
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	31,881		$	31,881		$	0		$	0		$	31,881
Interest bearing time deposits with other banks		225			0			230			0			230
Securities available for sale		737,311			54,169			680,562			2,580			737,311
Trading securities		4,459			4,300			159			0			4,459
Loans held for sale		2,398			0			2,460			0			2,460
Net loans		913,764			0			0			917,785			917,785
FHLB and other equity interests		6,684			n/a			n/a			n/a			n/a
Accrued interest receivable		6,863			278			3,498			3,087			6,863

LIABILITIES
Deposits	$	(1,485,003	)	$	(1,272,060	)	$	(215,485	)	$	0		$	(1,487,545	)
FHLB and other borrowings		(97,806	)		0			(105,850	)		0			(105,850	)
Subordinated debentures		(20,620	)		0			(10,682	)		0			(10,682	)
Interest rate swaps		(1,745	)		0			(1,745	)		0			(1,745	)
Accrued interest payable		(1,022	)		(301	)		(707	)		(14	)		(1,022	)

The methods and assumptions, not otherwise presented, used to estimate fair values are described as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair values and are classified as Level 1.

Interest bearing time deposits with other banks: The fair value of interest bearing time deposits with other banks is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Loans held for sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated based upon binding contracts and quotes from third party investors resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Loans: For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values, resulting in a Level 3 classification. Fair values for other loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality, resulting in a Level 3 classification. Impaired loans are valued at the lower of cost or fair value as described previously. The methods utilized to estimate the fair value of loans do not necessarily represent an exit price.

FHLB and other equity interests: It is not practical to determine the fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank stock and other equity interests due to restrictions placed on the transferability of these instruments.

Accrued interest receivable: The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates fair value resulting in a classification that is consistent with the asset with which it is associated.

Deposits: The fair values disclosed for demand deposits are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e. their carrying amount), resulting in a Level 1 classification. Fair values for time deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

FHLB and other borrowings: The fair values of the Corporation’s FHLB and other borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Subordinated debentures: The fair value of the Corporation’s subordinated debentures are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of arrangements, resulting in a Level 3 classification.

Accrued interest payable: The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates fair value resulting in a classification that is consistent with the liability with which it is associated.

While estimates of fair value are based on management’s judgment of the most appropriate factors as of the balance sheet date, there is no assurance that the estimated fair values would have been realized if the assets had been disposed of or the liabilities settled at that date, since market values may differ depending on various circumstances. The estimated fair values would also not apply to subsequent dates.

In addition, other assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments, such as premises and equipment, are not included in the disclosures. Also, non-financial assets such as, among other things, the estimated earnings power of core deposits, the earnings potential of trust accounts, the trained workforce, and customer goodwill, which typically are not recognized on the balance sheet, may have value but are not included in the fair value disclosures.