Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unless otherwise indicated, dollar amounts are in thousands, except per share data.

Business and Organization

CNB Financial Corporation (the “Corporation”) is headquartered in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, and provides a full range of banking and related services through its wholly owned subsidiary, CNB Bank (the “Bank”). In addition, the Bank provides trust and asset management services, including the administration of trusts and estates, retirement plans, and other employee benefit plans as well as a full range of wealth management services. The Bank serves individual and corporate customers and is subject to competition from other financial institutions and intermediaries with respect to these services. In addition to the Bank, the Corporation also operates a consumer discount loan and finance business through its wholly owned subsidiary, Holiday Financial Services Corporation (“Holiday”). The Corporation and its other subsidiaries are subject to examination by federal and state regulators. The Corporation’s market area is primarily concentrated in the central and northwest regions of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the central and northeast regions of the state of Ohio and western New York.

Basis of Financial Presentation

The financial statements are consolidated to include the accounts of the Corporation and the Bank, CNB Securities Corporation, Holiday, CNB Risk Management, Inc. and CNB Insurance Agency. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or shareholders’ equity.

Use of Estimates

To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ.

Operating Segments

While the chief decision-makers monitor the revenue streams of the various products and services, operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a Corporation-wide basis, and operating segments are aggregated into one as operating results for all segments are similar. Accordingly, all of the financial service operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.

Securities

When purchased, securities are classified as held to maturity, trading or available for sale. Debt securities are classified as held to maturity when the Corporation has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Held to maturity securities are carried at amortized cost. Debt securities are classified as trading when purchased principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term, or when the fair value option has been elected. Equity securities are classified as trading securities. Trading securities are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value included in earnings in non-interest income. Available for sale securities are those securities not classified as held to maturity or trading and are carried at their fair value. Unrealized gains and losses, net of deferred tax, on securities classified as available for sale are recorded as other comprehensive income. Management has not classified any debt securities as held to maturity.

The amortized cost of debt securities classified as held to maturity or available for sale is adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion of discounts over the period through contractual maturity or, in the case of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations, over the estimated life of the security. Such amortization is included in interest income from securities. Gains and losses on securities sold are recorded on the trade date and based on the specific identification method.

Declines in the fair value of debt securities below their cost that are other-than-temporary and attributable to credit losses are reflected in earnings. Other-than-temporary impairment losses that are not attributable to credit losses are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income. In estimating other-than-temporary losses, management considers: the length of time and extent that fair value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, and the Corporation’s intent to sell, or whether it is "more likely than not" that it will be required to sell a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If the Corporation intends to sell a security or it is "more likely than not" it will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings.

Loans

Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding.

Interest income is reported on the interest method and includes amortization of net deferred loan fees and costs over the loan term. Interest income on commercial, industrial, and agricultural loans, commercial mortgage loans, and residential real estate loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the credit is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 180 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. Loans, including loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring, are placed on nonaccrual or charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.

All interest accrued but not received on loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Under the cost-recovery method, interest income is not recognized until the loan balance is reduced to zero. Under the cash-basis method, interest income is recorded when the payment is received in cash. For all portfolio segments, loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured

Concentration of Credit Risk

Most of the Corporation’s business activity is with customers located within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the states of Ohio and New York. Therefore, the Corporation’s exposure to credit risk is significantly affected by changes in the economies of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York.

Purchased Loans

The Corporation purchased loans in connection with its acquisition of FC Banc Corp. in 2013 and Lake National Bank in 2016, some of which had, at the acquisition date, shown evidence of credit deterioration since origination. These purchased credit impaired loans were recorded at the amount paid, such that there was no carryover of the seller’s allowance for loan losses.

Such purchased credit impaired loans are accounted for individually, and the Corporation estimates the amount and timing of expected cash flows for each loan. The expected cash flows in excess of the amount paid is recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan (accretable yield). The excess of the loan’s contractual principal and interest over expected cash flows is not recorded (nonaccretable difference).

Over the life of the loan, expected cash flows continue to be estimated. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the carrying amount, a loss is recorded. If the present value of the expected cash flows is greater than the carrying amount, it is recognized as part of future interest income.

For loans purchased that did not show evidence of credit deterioration, the difference between the fair value of the loan at the acquisition date and the loan’s face value is being amortized as a yield adjustment over the estimated remaining life of the loan using the effective interest method.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recorded as a valuation allowance and charged to earnings.

Mortgage loans held for sale are generally sold with servicing rights retained. The carrying value of the mortgage loan sold is reduced by the amount allocated to the servicing right. Gains and losses on sales of mortgage loans are based on the difference between the selling price and the carrying value of the related loan sold.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance account.

Management determines the adequacy of the allowance based on historical patterns of charge-offs and recoveries, the nature and volume of the portfolio, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, industry experience, economic conditions, and other qualitative factors relevant to the collectability of the loan portfolio. While management believes that the allowance is adequate to absorb probable loan losses incurred at the balance sheet date, future adjustments may be necessary due to circumstances that differ substantially from the assumptions used in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.

The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are individually classified as impaired. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans for which the terms have been modified, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and classified as impaired.

Commercial and commercial real estate loans are individually evaluated for impairment. If a loan is impaired, a portion of the allowance is allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans, are collectively evaluated for impairment, and accordingly, they are not separately identified for impairment disclosures. Troubled debt restructurings are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception. If a troubled debt restructuring is considered to be a collateral dependent loan, the loan is reported, net, at the fair value of the collateral. For troubled debt restructurings that subsequently default, the Corporation determines the amount of reserve in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for loan losses.

The general component of the allowance for loan losses covers non-impaired loans and loans collectively evaluated for impairment and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for current factors. The historical loss experience is determined by portfolio segment, further delineated by risk rating, and is based on a weighted average quarterly loss rate for the most recent eight quarters, subject to a floor. This actual loss experience is supplemented with other qualitative factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These qualitative loss factors include consideration of the following: levels of and trends in delinquencies, trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of any changes in lending policies and procedures; experience, ability, and depth of management; national and local economic trends and conditions; and concentrations of credit.

The following portfolio segments, which are the same as the Corporation’s portfolio classifications and associated risk characteristics, have been identified:

• Commercial, industrial, and agricultural – risk characteristics include below average economic and employment conditions in many of the markets served by the Corporation, which has limited consumer spending.

• Commercial mortgages – the most significant risk characteristic is the subjectivity involved in real estate valuations for properties located in areas with low growth economies.

• Residential real estate – risk characteristics include slightly higher than historical levels of delinquencies and less than robust housing markets.

• Consumer – risk characteristics include continuing weakness in industrial employment in many of the markets served by the Corporation and low wage growth.

• Credit cards – the most significant risk characteristic is the unsecured nature of credit card loans.

• Overdrafts – risk characteristics include the Corporation’s continued deposit growth and overall economic conditions which may lead to a greater likelihood of overdrawn deposit accounts.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Pittsburgh, the Corporation is required to purchase and hold stock in the FHLB to satisfy membership and borrowing requirements. This stock is restricted in that it can only be sold to the FHLB or to another member institution, and all sales of FHLB stock must be at par. As a result of these restrictions, FHLB stock is unlike other investment securities insofar as there is no trading market for FHLB stock and the transfer price is determined by FHLB membership rules and not by market participants.

FHLB stock is held as a long-term investment, is valued at its cost basis and is analyzed for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value. The Company evaluates impairment quarterly. The decision of whether impairment exists is a matter of judgment that reflects our view of the FHLB’s long-term performance, which includes factors such as the following:

• its operating performance;

• the severity and duration of declines in the fair value of its net assets related to its capital stock amount;

• its commitment to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to its operating performance;

• the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on the FHLB, and accordingly, on the members of FHLB; and

• its liquidity and funding position.

Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of premises and equipment is computed principally by the straight line method. In general, useful lives range from 3 to 39 years with lives for furniture, fixtures and equipment ranging from 3 to 10 years and lives of buildings and building improvements ranging from 15 to 39 years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over useful lives of the leasehold improvements or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense as incurred.

Foreclosed Assets

Assets acquired through or in lieu of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less estimated selling costs when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan occurs when legal title is obtained upon completion of foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. These assets are subsequently accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated costs to sell. If fair value declines, a valuation allowance is recorded through expense. Costs after acquisition are expensed.

Bank Owned Life Insurance

The Corporation has purchased life insurance policies on certain key employees. Bank-owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill resulting from business combinations prior to January 1, 2009 represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill resulting from business combinations after January 1, 2009 is generally determined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances exist that indicate an impairment test should be performed.

The Corporation has selected December 31 as the date to perform the annual impairment test. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life on the Corporation’s balance sheet. Other intangible assets consist of core deposit intangible assets arising from the acquisition of FC Banc Corp. in 2013 and Lake National Bank in 2016. The core deposit intangible assets from these acquisitions are amortized using an accelerated method over their estimated useful lives of seven years and four years, respectively.

Long-term Assets

Premises and equipment, goodwill and other intangible assets, and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impaired, the assets are recorded at fair value.

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded.

Derivatives

Derivative financial instruments are recognized as assets or liabilities at fair value. The Corporation has interest rate swap agreements which are used as part of its asset liability management to help manage interest rate risk. The Corporation does not use derivatives for trading purposes.

At the inception of a derivative contract, the Corporation designates the derivative as one of three types based on the purpose of the contract and belief as to its effectiveness as a hedge. These three types are (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (“fair value hedge”), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”), or (3) an instrument with no hedging designation (“stand-alone derivative”). For a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item, are recognized in current earnings as fair values change. For a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in other comprehensive income and is reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. For both types of hedges, changes in the fair value of derivatives that are not highly effective in hedging the changes in fair value or expected cash flows of the hedged item are recognized immediately in current earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported currently in earnings, as non-interest income.

Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest expense, based on the item being hedged. Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in non-interest income. Cash flows on hedges are classified in the cash flow statement the same as the cash flows of the items being hedged.

The Corporation formally documents the relationship between derivatives and hedged items, as well as the risk-management objective and the strategy for undertaking hedge transactions, at the inception of the hedging relationship. This documentation includes linking fair value or cash flow hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Corporation also formally assesses, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative instruments that are used are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items. The Corporation discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative is settled or terminates, a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, a hedged firm commitment is no longer firm, or treatment of the derivative as a hedge is no longer appropriate or intended.

When hedge accounting is discontinued, subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded as non-interest income. When a fair value hedge is discontinued, the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value and the existing basis adjustment is amortized or accreted over the remaining life of the asset or liability. When a cash flow hedge is discontinued but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transactions are still expected to occur, gains or losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income are amortized into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Servicing rights are recognized separately when they are acquired through sales of loans. Servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value with the income statement effect recorded in mortgage banking income. Fair value is based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively, is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, the custodial earnings rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses. The Corporation compares the valuation model inputs and results to published industry data in order to validate the model results and assumptions. All classes of servicing assets are subsequently measured using the amortization method which requires servicing rights to be amortized into non-interest income in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying loans.

Servicing rights are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to carrying amount. Impairment is determined by stratifying rights into groupings based on predominant risk characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance for an individual grouping, to the extent that fair value is less than the carrying amount. If the Corporation later determines that all or a portion of the impairment no longer exists for a particular grouping, a reduction of the allowance may be recorded as an increase to income. Changes in valuation allowances are reported with mortgage banking income on the income statement. The fair values of servicing rights are subject to significant fluctuations as a result of changes in estimated and actual prepayment speeds and default rates and losses.

Servicing fee income, which is reported on the income statement as mortgage banking income, is recorded for fees earned for servicing loans. The fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal or a fixed amount per loan and are recorded as income when earned. The amortization of mortgage servicing rights is netted against loan servicing fee income. Late fees and ancillary fees related to loan servicing are not material.

Treasury Stock

The purchase of the Corporation’s common stock is recorded at cost. Purchases of the stock are made in the open market based on market prices. At the date of subsequent reissue, the treasury stock account is reduced by the cost of such stock on a first-in-first-out basis.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Corporation has a stock incentive plan, which is administered by a committee of the Board of Directors and which permits the Corporation to provide various types of stock-based compensation to its key employees, directors, and/or consultants, including time-based and performance-based shares of restricted stock. The Corporation previously maintained the CNB Financial Corporation 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, which terminated in accordance with its terms on February 10, 2019, and currently maintains the CNB Financial Corporation 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2019 Stock Incentive Plan"), which was approved by the Corporation’s shareholders and became effective on April 16, 2019. The 2019 Stock Incentive Plan provides for up to 507,671 shares of common stock to be awarded in the form of nonqualified options or restricted stock. For key employees, the vesting of time-based restricted stock is one-third, one-fourth, or one-fifth of the granted restricted shares per year, beginning one year after the grant date, with 100% vesting on the third, fourth or fifth anniversary of the grant date, respectively. Prior to 2018, for non-employee directors, the vesting schedule was one-third of the granted restricted shares per year, beginning one year after the grant date, with 100% vested on the third anniversary of the grant date. Beginning in 2018, stock compensation received by non-employee directors vests immediately. All stock-based compensation grants during the years ending December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and outstanding at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were restricted stock.

In addition to the time-based restricted stock disclosed above, the Corporation’s Board of Directors grants performance-based restricted stock awards (“PBRSAs”) to key employees. The number of PBRSAs will depend on certain performance conditions earned over a three year period and are also subject to service-based vesting. In 2019, awards with a maximum of 16,681 shares in aggregate were granted to key employees. In 2018, awards with a maximum of 15,657 shares in aggregate were granted to key employees. In 2017, an award with a maximum of 7,109 shares was granted to a key employee.

During 2019, 2018, and 2017, the Executive Compensation and Personnel Committee of the Corporation's Board of Directors granted a total of 40,978, 40,108 and 39,673 shares, respectively, of restricted common stock to certain key employees and all independent directors of the Corporation. Compensation expense for the restricted stock awards is recognized over the requisite service period based on the fair value of the shares at the date of grant on a straight-line basis. Nonvested restricted stock awards are recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in-capital in shareholders’ equity until earned. Compensation expense resulting from time-based, performance-based and director restricted stock awards was $1,346, $1,545 and $928 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. The total income tax benefit related to the recognized compensation cost of vested restricted stock awards was $283, $324 and $325 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Comprehensive Income

The Corporation presents comprehensive income as part of the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income. Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of unrealized holding gains (losses) on the available for sale securities portfolio, changes in the unrecognized actuarial gain and transition obligation related to the Corporation’s post retirement benefits plans, and changes in the fair value of the Corporation’s interest rate swaps, net of tax.

Income Taxes

Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded.

The Corporation recognizes interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.

Retirement Plans

The Corporation’s expense associated with its 401(k) plan is determined under the provisions of the plan document and includes both matching and profit sharing components. Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plan expenses allocate the benefits over years of service.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the applicable period, excluding outstanding participating securities. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares determined for the basic computation plus the dilutive effect of potential common shares issuable under certain stock compensation plans. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and are included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. The Corporation has determined that its outstanding non-vested stock awards are participating securities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the consolidated statement of cash flows, the Corporation defines cash and cash equivalents as cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits with other banks, and Federal funds sold. Net cash flows are reported for customer loan and deposit transactions, interest bearing time deposits with other banks and borrowings with original maturities of 90 days or less.

Restrictions on Cash

The Bank is required to maintain average reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank or in vault cash. The average amount of these non-interest bearing reserve balances for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $50, which was maintained in vault cash. Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements discloses the cash collateral balances required to be maintained in connection with the Corporation’s interest rate swaps.

Loss Contingencies

Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements discloses a loss contingency in connection with a sales tax notice of assessment from the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in a separate note. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect the estimates.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

As of January 1, 2019, the Corporation adopted certain accounting standard updates related to accounting for leases (Topic 842 - Leases), primarily ASU 2016-02 and subsequent updates. This guidance requires a lessee to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model. The Corporation elected several practical expedients made available by the FASB. Specifically, the Corporation elected the transition practical expedient to not recast comparative periods upon the adoption of the new guidance. In addition, the Corporation elected to apply certain practical adoption expedients provided under the updates whereby we did not reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases. As a result, the Corporation recognized approximately $12.5 million of right of use assets, approximately $800 thousand in prepaid rent, and $13.3 million of related lease liabilities as of January 1, 2019.

In March 2017, the FASB issued an update (ASU 2017-08, “Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs: Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities") which amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. FASB has shortened the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date. Under legacy GAAP, entities generally amortized the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. The amendments in this update became effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Corporation adopted this new accounting standard on January 1, 2019. The effect of adoption was immaterial in the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued an updated (ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities”) which updated guidance to better align a company's financial reporting for hedging activities with the economic objectives of those activities. ASU 2017-12 is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, permitted. The Corporation adopted ASU 2017-12 on January 1, 2019. The effect of adoption was immaterial in the consolidated financial statements.

Effects of Newly Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued an update (ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses") which will require recognition of an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses for assets measured at amortized cost. The amendment requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date, based on historical credit loss experience, current market conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecast. This eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold in current GAAP. The update will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, "Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses."  The amendment clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic 326-20 and should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, "Leases." In April 2019, ASU 2019-04, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,” was issued to address certain codification improvements and to provide certain accounting policy electives related to accrued interest as well as disclosure related to credit losses, among other things. In May 2019, ASU 2019-05, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief,” was issued to provide transition relief in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-03 whereby entities would have the option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized cost basis. 

CNB has adopted ASU No. 2016-13 effective January 1, 2020. The Corporation formed a committee comprised of individuals from different disciplines, including credit administration, finance, commercial lending, loan servicing and information technology, to evaluate the requirements of the new standard and the impact it will have on current processes. Management partnered with a third-party vendor to develop a model that calculates expected credit losses over the life of each loan. The Corporation selected the discounted cash flow method or a remaining life method to estimate expected credit losses based upon each identified pool of financial assets with similar risk characteristics. Management will select reasonable and supportable economic variables from reputable and independent third parties it believes to be most relevant based on the composition of the loan portfolio and the loan segment. The Corporation anticipates it will forecast over a one year period and in the second year the Corporation will use straight-line reversion to historical losses. While management continues to work through their implementation plan, management has completed its assessment and mapping of key data fields into the model and parallel runs. Management is in the process of reviewing the results of a model validation, completing documentation of processes and internal controls and policy development with the assistance of third-parties. Based upon the Corporation's fourth quarter parallel run, assessment of the composition, characteristics and credit quality of the Corporation's loan and investment securities portfolio, as well as the economic conditions in effect as of the adoption date, management estimates the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will result in an increase of approximately 20-30% to the Corporation's allowance for credit losses, as reported in its Annual Report Form 10-K, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. The adjustment recorded upon adoption to record the allowance for credit losses may fall outside of management’s estimated increase based on material changes in the economic forecast and conditions and composition of the loan portfolio used in calculating the allowance for credit losses upon adoption.

The Corporation does not expect a material impact to the allowance for credit losses related to its available-for-sale debt securities portfolio under the newly codified available-for-sale debt security impairment model.  The majority of these securities are government agency-backed securities for which risk of credit loss is minimal. ​

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, "Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans." ASU 2018-14 amends ASC 715-20, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General." The amended guidance modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans by removing and adding certain disclosures for these plans. The eliminated disclosures include (a) the amounts in accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("OCI") expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit costs over the next fiscal year, and (b) the effects of a one percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the net periodic benefit costs and the benefit obligation for post-retirement health care benefits. Additional disclosures include descriptions of significant gains and losses affecting the benefit obligation for the period. The update will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Management is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-14 on the Corporation’s footnote disclosures included in the financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” ASU 2018-13 modifies disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The update will be effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Management is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-13 on the Corporation’s footnote disclosures included in the financial statements.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts appearing in the financial statements and notes thereto for prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.