N-CSRS 1 specializedfundsfinal.htm VANGUARD SPECIALIZED FUNDS

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-CSR

 

CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT

OF

REGISTERED MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES

 

Investment Company Act file number: 811-3916

Name of Registrant: Vanguard Specialized Funds

 

Address of Registrant: P.O. Box 2600

 

Valley Forge, PA 19482

 

Name and address of agent for service:

Heidi Stam, Esquire

 

P.O. Box 876

 

Valley Forge, PA 19482

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (610) 669-1000

 

Date of fiscal year end: January 31, 2007

 

Date of reporting period: February 1, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

Item 1: Reports to Shareholders

 




 

 

 

Vanguard® Energy Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

> Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

>

Riding the rising price of oil to record levels, Vanguard Energy Fund returned 20.3% for the six months ended July 31, far surpassing the 1.9% return for stocks in general.

 

>

The fund’s return matched that of the benchmark Standard & Poor’s Energy Sector Index and was slightly below the average return of natural resources funds.

 

>

Integrated oil companies collectively were the largest contributor to the fund’s returns; significant contributions also came from companies that concentrate on exploring, producing, and providing equipment and services.

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Advisors’ Report

6

Fund Profile

8

Performance Summary

10

Financial Statements

11

About Your Fund’s Expenses

22

Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangements

24

Glossary

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard Energy Fund

 

 

Investor Shares

VGENX

20.3%

Admiral™ Shares1

VGELX

20.3

S&P Energy Sector Index

 

20.3

Average Natural Resources Fund2

 

21.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9

 

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Distributions Per Share

 

Starting

Ending

Income

Capital

 

Share Price

Share Price

Dividends

Gains

Vanguard Energy Fund

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$63.55

$75.09

$0.016

$1.140

Admiral Shares

119.35

141.06

0.040

2.141

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 A lower-cost class of shares available to many longtime shareholders and to those with significant investments in the fund.

2 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

 

 

1


 

Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

 

The steady climb in oil prices to record levels during the fiscal six months ended July 31, 2007, helped drive Vanguard Energy Fund’s return to 20.3% for the period. The fund’s advance matched that of the S&P Energy Sector Index and was slightly below the average return of natural resources funds.

 

Integrated oil companies provided the bulk of the fund’s return. These huge enterprises are engaged in most, if not all, of the process of bringing oil products to market, including exploration, drilling, production, refining, and distribution. Because the Energy Fund is more highly diversified than the S&P Energy Sector Index, the fund provided an equivalent return without overly concentrating in the industry’s largest stocks: Integrated oil companies accounted for about 52% of fund assets, compared with an almost 63% weighting in the index; and the fund’s investments span the globe, while the index only tracks domestic companies.

 

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the past six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

 

The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

their value-oriented counterparts. International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

 

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

 

These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

 

The benchmark oil price steadily climbed to a record

It’s said that a rising tide raises all boats. The same can be said of the relationship between oil prices and the returns provided by oil-sector companies, especially the integrated oil firms.

 

Oil prices started the fiscal half-year under $60 per barrel (as measured by West Texas Intermediate crude oil, an industry benchmark) and steadily rose to a record $78.22 per barrel on July 31. Among the factors underlying the oil-price surge were strong global demand, especially from

 

Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5

12.1

16.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9

16.8

13.1

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8

28.5

22.3

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2

4.3

4.5

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5

5.1

2.7

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

 

3

fast-developing countries such as China and India, and concerns relating to the Middle East, Venezuela, and elsewhere. (Natural gas prices, by contrast, declined because of a warm winter and higher levels of inventory.)

 

The fund’s holdings of integrated oil companies accounted for almost half of the fund’s return. The largest contributors among these oil giants were ConocoPhillips, Chevron, and ExxonMobil.

 

Rising oil prices also bolstered exploration and production companies as well as equipment and services companies; each of these sectors also made significant contributions to the fund’s return. In oil-field services, Schlumberger and Weatherford International were standout stocks.

 

The fund also holds several companies with a presence in oil but whose primary business is outside the field. One of these, BHP Billiton, an Australian commodities company, contributed significantly to the fund’s return.

 

Sector fund may have a role; a balanced portfolio always does

Investors in Vanguard Energy Fund have benefited from handsome returns in recent years. It’s important to remember, however, that the fund’s focus on a specific economic sector means that its returns can

 

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Natural

 

Investor

Admiral

Resources

 

Shares

Shares

Fund1

Energy Fund

0.25%

0.18%

1.44%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Fund expense ratio reflects the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

 

 

 

4

be especially volatile owing to specific industry-related events as well as to such factors as the weather, political turmoil, and global economic conditions.

 

A modest investment of assets in a sector fund, particularly a low-cost one like the Energy Fund, can play a role in your portfolio—perhaps to fill a gap in your overall portfolio’s diversification or to provide the opportunity to meet other specialized investment objectives.

 

No matter how you choose to use a sector fund, your portfolio planning should aim to strike the right balance between the potential for return and risk. One of the best ways to accomplish this is through a balanced allocation of assets among stock, bond, and money market funds diversified within each of those asset classes.

 

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

 

Sincerely,

 


 

John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 9, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Advisors’ Report

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, Vanguard Energy Fund returned 20.3%—a remarkable result. The performance reflected the combined efforts of your fund’s two advisors. The use of multiple advisors enhances the fund’s diversification by providing exposure to distinct, yet complementary, investment approaches.

 

The advisors, the percentage of fund assets each manages, and brief descriptions of their investment strategies are presented in the table below. The advisors have also prepared a discussion of the investment environment that existed during the six-month period and of how their portfolio positioning reflects this assessment.

 

Wellington Management Company, LLP

 

Portfolio Manager: Karl E. Bandtel, Senior Vice President

 

James A. Bevilacqua, Senior Vice President

 

The environment for energy investing has remained positive over the last six months. After beginning the period with slightly softer prices due to weak, weather-related demand, oil prices staged a late rally driven by rising global demand and constrained supply. This was in stark contrast to the run-up this time last year based on geopolitical tensions. Natural gas prices fluctuated with weather-related demand trends and ended the period down. Inventories remained above the five-year average.

 

Vanguard Energy Fund Investment Advisors

 

 

Fund Assets Managed

 

Investment Advisor

%

$ Million

Investment Strategy

Wellington Management

90

11,222

Emphasizes long-term total-return opportunities

Company, LLP

 

 

from the various energy subsectors: international

 

 

 

oils, foreign integrated oils and foreign producers,

 

 

 

North American producers, oil services and

 

 

 

equipment, transportation and distribution,

 

 

 

and refining and marketing.

Vanguard Quantitative

10

1,228

Conducts quantitative portfolio management

Equity Group

 

 

using models that assess valuation, marketplace

 

 

 

sentiment, and balance-sheet characteristics of

 

 

 

companies compared with their peers.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Despite the pronounced increase in oil prices over the last few years, global oil demand is rising. Continuing solid demand tests the petroleum industry’s ability to provide adequate supplies and increases the likelihood of high and volatile prices. In the short term, prices will depend in part on OPEC’s willingness to maintain production cuts. With the industry operating at near capacity, prices will remain sensitive to potential supply disruptions.

 

The U.S. refinery industry’s spring maintenance period has extended into the summer, leading to high gasoline prices and strong industry profits. Tougher federal regulations, skilled labor shortages, and wear and tear on aging equipment are all contributing to lower capacity-utilization levels.

 

Our purchases over the fiscal six months were concentrated in companies with direct access to productive capacity and whose management teams demonstrate an ability to capture resources. We added a new name in Questar and increased our existing positions in OAO Gazprom and Royal Dutch Shell. We eliminated holdings in CNOOC, based on a disappointing change in its production profile, and in Sinopec (formally known as China Petroleum & Chemical).

 

Vanguard Quantitative Equity Group

 

Portfolio Manager:

James D. Troyer, CFA, Principal

 

Our quantitative investment process evaluates a security’s attractiveness on three dimensions: valuation, sentiment, and balance-sheet prospects. Our experience is that each of our underlying models performs well over long time frames, but that their effectiveness varies over shorter periods. Overall, our model enjoyed modest success relative to the ebullient market during the past six months, despite the increased volatility.

 

A key characteristic of our strategy is that we do not maintain a “view” on the overall market for energy shares. This is reflected in our portfolio; we are always fully invested. We apply a rigorous risk-control process to neutralize our exposure to market-capitalization, volatility, and industry risks relative to our energy benchmark. In our opinion, such risk exposures are not justified by the potential rewards. We attempt to further reduce risk relative to the benchmark by diversifying our model across three uncorrelated components. Our portfolio strategy boils down to pure stock picking. We make many small investments in individual stocks in an attempt to capture the market’s tendency to overreact or underreact to new information.

 

During the six months ended July 31, overseas energy stocks performed particularly well. Our portion of the portfolio benefited from its positions in Santos, which was highlighted in the January 31, 2007, annual report as a poor performer, and in Schlumberger and CNOOC. These successes were offset slightly by positions in SEACOR Holdings and Nabors Industries.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

100

32

4,902

Median Market Cap

$47.8B

$132.1B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

11.5x

12.2x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

3.1x

3.0x

2.7x

Yield

 

1.5%

1.8%

Investor Shares

1.5%

 

 

Admiral Shares

1.6%

 

 

Return on Equity

24.3%

24.3%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

40.2%

43.9%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

44.4%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

19%3

Expense Ratio

 

Investor Shares

0.25%3

 

 

Admiral Shares

0.18%3

 

 

Short-Term Reserves4

3%

 

 

Sector Diversification5 (% of portfolio)

 

 

 

Coal & Consumable Fuels

2%

Integrated Oil & Gas

48

Materials

4

Oil & Gas Drilling

5

Oil & Gas Equipment & Services

12

Oil & Gas Exploration & Production

17

Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing

4

Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation

1

Utilities

2

Other

2

Short-Term Reserves4

3%

 

 

Volatility Measures6

 

 

Fund Versus

Fund Versus

 

Comparative Index1

Broad Index2

R-Squared

0.92

0.20

Beta

0.94

1.09

 

 

Ten Largest Holdings7 (% of total net assets)

 

 

ExxonMobil Corp.

6.3%

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

4.4

ConocoPhillips Co.

4.1

Chevron Corp.

4.1

Total SA

4.0

BHP Billiton Ltd. ADR

3.9

Schlumberger Ltd.

3.8

Valero Energy Corp.

3.1

Weatherford International Ltd.

2.7

BG Group PLC

2.7

Top Ten

39.1%

 

 

Investment Focus

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 S&P Energy Sector Index.

2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3 Annualized.

4 Short-term reserves exclude futures and currency contracts held by the fund.

5 Sector percentages combine U.S. and international holdings.

6 For an explanation of R-squared, beta, and other terms used here, see the Glossary on page 26.

7 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.

 

 

8

Market Diversification (% of portfolio)

 

 

 

United States

52%

Canada

11

United Kingdom

10

Australia

5

France

4

Russia

4

Norway

4

Italy

3

Brazil

2

Netherlands

1

South Africa

1

Short-Term Reserves1

3%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Short-term reserves exclude futures and currency contracts held by the fund.

 

 

 

9

Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%) January 31, 1997–July 31, 2007

 


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

Inception Date

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Investor Shares2

5/23/1984

22.51%

28.52%

17.83%

Admiral Shares2

11/12/2001

22.61

28.60

27.133

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held less than one year; nor do they include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3 Return since inception.

Note: See Financial Highlights tables on pages 16 and 17 for dividend and capital gains information.

 

 

 

10

Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Common Stocks (94.7%)1

 

 

United States (50.2%)

 

 

Energy Equipment & Services (14.9%)

 

 

 

Oil & Gas Drilling (4.4%)

 

 

 

GlobalSantaFe Corp.

3,223,603

231,165

*

Transocean Inc.

2,043,631

219,588

*

Nabors Industries, Inc.

1,965,900

57,483

 

Noble Corp.

140,986

14,445

 

ENSCO International, Inc.

204,014

12,459

 

Diamond Offshore

 

 

 

Drilling, Inc.

110,067

11,357

 

Rowan Cos., Inc.

101,100

4,265

 

Patterson-UTI Energy, Inc.

47,200

1,081

 

Helmerich & Payne, Inc.

31,061

1,005

 

 

 

 

 

Oil & Gas Equipment & Services (10.5%)

 

 

 

Schlumberger Ltd.

5,021,264

475,614

*

Weatherford

 

 

 

International Ltd.

6,121,312

338,692

 

Baker Hughes, Inc.

3,332,611

263,443

 

Halliburton Co.

5,578,532

200,939

*

Cameron

 

 

 

International Corp.

164,154

12,804

*

Grant Prideco, Inc.

217,000

12,174

*

Hanover Compressor Co.

103,332

2,462

*

National Oilwell Varco Inc.

18,378

2,207

 

 

 

1,861,183

Gas Utilities (1.9%)

 

 

 

Equitable Resources, Inc.

2,783,200

131,117

 

Questar Corp.

1,954,300

100,627

 

 

 

231,744

Oil, Gas & Consumable Fuels (33.4%)

 

 

 

Coal & Consumable Fuels (2.3%)

 

 

 

CONSOL Energy, Inc.

4,262,700

177,541

 

Peabody Energy Corp.

2,575,500

108,841

 

Massey Energy Co.

212,000

4,526

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

 

Integrated Oil & Gas (19.7%)

 

 

 

ExxonMobil Corp.

9,285,231

790,452

 

ConocoPhillips Co.

6,374,009

515,275

 

Chevron Corp.

6,002,835

511,802

 

Occidental

 

 

 

Petroleum Corp.

4,467,901

253,419

 

Marathon Oil Corp.

4,466,220

246,535

 

Hess Corp.

2,147,889

131,451

 

Murphy Oil Corp.

83,600

5,186

 

 

 

 

 

Oil & Gas Exploration & Production (7.0%)

 

 

 

EOG Resources, Inc.

2,717,875

190,523

 

Noble Energy, Inc.

2,910,300

177,936

 

Devon Energy Corp.

1,763,976

131,610

*

Newfield Exploration Co.

2,327,300

111,827

 

Cabot Oil & Gas Corp.

2,963,900

101,365

 

XTO Energy, Inc.

1,804,942

98,423

 

Apache Corp.

220,270

17,787

 

Chesapeake Energy Corp.

416,018

14,161

 

Anadarko Petroleum Corp.

235,360

11,846

 

Cimarex Energy Co.

266,200

10,076

 

 

 

 

 

Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing (4.0%)

 

 

 

Valero Energy Corp.

5,713,451

382,858

 

Sunoco, Inc.

1,639,259

109,371

 

Tesoro Corp.

209,652

10,441

 

 

 

 

 

Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation (0.4%)

 

 

 

Williams Cos., Inc.

1,395,182

44,995

 

Spectra Energy Corp.

87,968

2,240

 

 

 

4,160,487

Total United States

 

6,253,414

International (44.5%)

 

 

Argentina (0.1%)

 

 

*

Petrobras Energia

 

 

 

Participaciones SA ADR

460,539

5,061

 

Tenaris SA ADR

76,600

3,690

 

 

 

8,751

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Australia (4.9%)

 

 

^

BHP Billiton Ltd. ADR

7,518,900

479,555

 

Woodside

 

 

 

Petroleum Ltd. ADR

3,251,400

121,033

 

Santos Ltd.

192,436

2,158

 

 

 

602,746

Brazil (2.5%)

 

 

 

Petroleo Brasileiro ADR

4,178,700

271,198

 

Petroleo Brasileiro SA Pfd.

653,360

18,370

 

Petroleo Brasileiro SA

487,721

15,865

 

 

 

305,433

Canada (11.3%)

 

 

 

Canadian Natural

 

 

 

Resources Ltd.

 

 

 

(New York Shares)

4,544,200

310,869

 

Suncor Energy, Inc.

 

 

 

(New York Shares)

2,658,200

240,487

 

EnCana Corp.

 

 

 

(New York Shares)

3,162,700

192,861

 

Petro-Canada

 

 

 

(New York Shares)

3,256,700

177,816

*

Western Oil Sands Inc.

3,845,535

134,529

 

Canadian Oil Sands Trust

4,221,175

128,913

*

Talisman Energy, Inc.

6,651,731

121,649

 

Petro-Canada

340,750

18,587

 

Canadian Natural

 

 

 

Resources Ltd.

247,839

17,008

 

EnCana Corp.

257,039

15,734

 

Suncor Energy, Inc.

145,976

13,198

*

Enbridge Inc.

365,361

12,956

*

Imperial Oil Ltd.

210,417

9,807

*

TransCanada Corp.

172,396

6,222

 

Canadian Oil Sands Trust

 

 

 

(New York Shares)

143,600

4,386

*

Cameco Corp.

106,510

4,323

*

Nexen Inc.

828

26

 

 

 

1,409,371

China (0.2%)

 

 

 

PetroChina Co. Ltd.

9,684,000

14,276

 

China Petroleum &

 

 

 

Chemical Corp.

9,738,000

10,333

 

Yanzhou Coal

 

 

 

Mining Co. Ltd.

 

 

 

H Shares

2,171,800

3,904

 

 

 

28,513

Denmark (0.0%)

 

 

 

Dampskibsselskabet

 

 

 

Torm A/S

96,212

3,832

 

 

 

 

France (4.1%)

 

 

 

Total SA ADR

5,951,400

467,840

 

Total SA

448,785

35,343

 

Technip SA

89,626

7,315

 

 

 

510,498

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Hong Kong (0.0%)

 

 

 

CNOOC Ltd.

4,801,717

5,714

 

 

 

 

India (0.1%)

 

 

*2

Oil & Natural Gas Corp., Ltd.

 

 

 

Warrants Exp. 7/14/08

351,450

7,960

 

 

 

 

Italy (2.6%)

 

 

 

Eni SpA ADR

4,217,650

294,223

 

Eni SpA

872,987

30,552

 

 

 

324,775

Netherlands (0.8%)

 

 

 

Fugro NV

1,469,384

97,781

 

 

 

 

Norway (3.6%)

 

 

 

Norsk Hydro AS ADR

6,078,100

234,493

 

Statoil ASA ADR

6,419,600

190,020

 

Norsk Hydro ASA

223,166

8,590

 

Statoil ASA

212,247

6,273

 

Petroleum Geo-

 

 

 

Services ASA

243,996

5,796

 

Acergy SA

42,800

1,138

 

 

 

446,310

Russia (3.9%)

 

 

*

OAO Gazprom-

 

 

 

Sponsored ADR

6,157,172

263,458

*

LUKOIL ADR

2,767,800

219,009

 

 

 

482,467

South Africa (0.7%)

 

 

 

Sasol Ltd. Sponsored ADR

1,862,900

70,064

 

Sasol Ltd.

319,674

12,063

 

 

 

82,127

Spain (0.1%)

 

 

 

Repsol YPF SA

379,749

14,316

 

 

 

 

United Kingdom (9.6%)

 

 

 

BG Group PLC

20,457,423

332,772

 

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

 

 

 

ADR Class B

3,826,426

303,359

 

BP PLC ADR

4,012,500

278,467

 

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

 

 

 

ADR Class A

2,701,900

209,640

 

BP PLC

3,018,940

34,973

 

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

 

 

 

Class A

490,005

19,083

 

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

 

 

 

Class B

406,371

16,069

 

Royal Dutch Shell PLC

 

 

 

Class A

 

 

 

(Amsterdam Shares)

117,600

4,567

 

 

 

1,198,930

Total International

 

5,529,524

Total Common Stocks

 

 

(Cost $5,400,965)

 

11,782,938

 

 

12

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Temporary Cash Investments (6.5%)1

 

 

Money Market Fund (3.2%)

 

 

3

Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

 

 

Fund, 5.302%

264,098,760

264,522

3

Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

 

 

Fund, 5.302%—Note F

130,132,200

130,132

 

 

 

394,654

 

 

Face

 

 

 

Amount

 

 

 

($000)

 

Repurchase Agreement (3.2%)

 

 

 

Deutsche Bank, 5.310% 8/1/07 (Dated 7/31/07,

 

 

 

Repurchase Value $402,159,000 collateralized by Federal Home

 

 

 

Loan Mortgage Corp., 4.500%–6.500%, 8/1/18–1/1/37)

402,100

402,100

U.S. Agency Obligations (0.1%)

 

 

4

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.

 

 

5

5.192%, 8/27/07

3,000

2,989

5

5.223%, 9/17/07

5,000

4,967

4

Federal National Mortgage Assn.

 

 

5

5.204%, 10/3/07

9,500

9,416

 

 

 

17,372

Total Temporary Cash Investments

 

 

(Cost $814,124)

 

814,126

Total Investments (101.2%)

 

 

(Cost $6,215,089)

 

12,597,064

Other Assets and Liabilities (–1.2%)

 

 

Other Assets—Note C

 

31,636

Liabilities—Note F

 

(179,066)

 

 

 

(147,430)

Net Assets (100%)

 

12,449,634

 

 

At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of:6

 

Amount

 

($000)

Paid in Capital

5,773,253

Undistributed Net Investment Income

97,742

Accumulated Net Realized Gains

207,751

Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

 

Investment Securities

6,381,974

Futures Contracts

(11,114)

Foreign Currencies

28

Net Assets

12,449,634

 

 

Investor Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 104,477,679 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

7,845,001

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Investor Shares

$75.09

 

 

Admiral Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 32,643,183 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

4,604,633

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Admiral Shares

$141.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

*

Non-income-producing security.

^

Part of security position is on loan to broker-dealers. See Note F in Notes to Financial Statements.

1 The fund invests a portion of its cash reserves in equity markets through the use of index futures contracts. After giving effect to futures investments, the fund’s effective common stock and temporary cash investment positions represent 97.0% and 4.2%, respectively, of net assets. See Note D in Notes to Financial Statements.

2 Security exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. Such securities may be sold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers. At July 31, 2007, the value of this security represented 0.1% of net assets.

3 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.

4 The issuer operates under a congressional charter; its securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. government. If needed, access to additional funding from the U.S. Treasury (beyond the issuer’s line of credit) would require congressional action.

5 Securities with a value of $17,372,000 have been segregated as initial margin for open futures contracts.

6 See Note D in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

ADR—American Depositary Receipt.

 

 

 

13

Statement of Operations

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends1

101,509

Interest2

16,190

Security Lending

2,125

Total Income

119,824

Expenses

 

Investment Advisory Fees—Note B

3,886

The Vanguard Group—Note C

 

Management and Administrative

 

Investor Shares

5,666

Admiral Shares

1,989

Marketing and Distribution

 

Investor Shares

769

Admiral Shares

325

Custodian Fees

67

Shareholders’ Reports

 

Investor Shares

59

Admiral Shares

6

Trustees’ Fees and Expenses

7

Total Expenses

12,774

Net Investment Income

107,050

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

 

Investment Securities Sold

201,160

Futures Contracts

8,889

Foreign Currencies

136

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

210,185

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

 

Investment Securities

1,732,536

Futures Contracts

(12,187)

Foreign Currencies

(28)

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

1,720,321

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

2,037,556

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Dividends are net of foreign withholding taxes of $6,952,000.

2 Interest income from an affiliated company of the fund was $6,093,000.

 

 

 

14

Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31,

January 31,

 

2007

2007

 

($000)

($000)

Increase (Decrease) In Net Assets

 

 

Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

107,050

173,983

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

210,185

433,315

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

1,720,321

(450,957)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

2,037,556

156,341

Distributions

 

 

Net Investment Income

 

 

Investor Shares

(1,610)

(101,187)

Admiral Shares

(1,230)

(58,057)

Realized Capital Gain1

 

 

Investor Shares

(114,830)

(143,716)

Admiral Shares

(65,867)

(78,820)

Total Distributions

(183,537)

(381,780)

Capital Share Transactions—Note G

 

 

Investor Shares

188,937

(88,347)

Admiral Shares

316,057

582,810

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

504,994

494,463

Total Increase (Decrease)

2,359,013

269,024

Net Assets

 

 

Beginning of Period

10,090,621

9,821,597

End of Period2

12,449,634

10,090,621

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes fiscal 2008 and 2007 short-term gain distributions totaling $21,240,000 and $6,548,000, respectively. Short-term gain distributions are treated as ordinary income dividends for tax purposes.

2 Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of $97,742,000 and ($6,604,000).

 

 

 

15

Financial Highlights

 

 

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$63.55

$64.50

$40.85

$29.99

$22.85

$24.76

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.638

1.112

.813

.529

.435

.392

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments1

12.058

.405

24.606

11.052

7.839

(.349)

Total from Investment Operations

12.696

1.517

25.419

11.581

8.274

.043

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.016)

(1.020)

(.740)

(.524)

(.390)

(.360)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(1.140)

(1.447)

(1.029)

(.197)

(.744)

(1.593)

Total Distributions

(1.156)

(2.467)

(1.769)

(.721)

(1.134)

(1.953)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$75.09

$63.55

$64.50

$40.85

$29.99

$22.85

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

20.31%

2.24%

62.93%

38.90%

36.49%

–0.02%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$7,845

$6,479

$6,733

$4,822

$2,434

$1,298

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.25%*

0.25%

0.28%

0.32%

0.38%

0.40%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

1.88%*

1.71%

1.57%

1.67%

1.79%

1.56%

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

19%*

22%

10%

1%

26%

23%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes increases from redemption fees of $.01, $.03, $.03, $.02, $.00, and $.01.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year; nor do they include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares.

*

Annualized.

 

 

16

Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$119.35

$121.13

$76.71

$56.30

$42.89

$46.48

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

1.252

2.180

1.561

1.034

.847

.758

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments1

22.639

.757

46.217

20.770

14.721

(.658)

Total from Investment Operations

23.891

2.937

47.778

21.804

15.568

.100

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.040)

(2.000)

(1.425)

(1.024)

(.760)

(.698)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(2.141)

(2.717)

(1.933)

(.370)

(1.398)

(2.992)

Total Distributions

(2.181)

(4.717)

(3.358)

(1.394)

(2.158)

(3.690)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$141.06

$119.35

$121.13

$76.71

$56.30

$42.89

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

20.35%

2.32%

63.00%

39.02%

36.58%

0.02%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$4,605

$3,612

$3,088

$549

$208

$103

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.18%*

0.18%

0.22%

0.26%

0.32%

0.34%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

1.95%*

1.78%

1.63%

1.70%

1.85%

1.59%

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

19%*

22%

10%

1%

26%

23%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes increases from redemption fees of $.01, $.05, $.03, $.03, $.01, and $.02.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares.

*

Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

 

17

Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard Energy Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds. The fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers, which may subject it to investment risks not normally associated with investing in securities of United States corporations. The fund offers two classes of shares, Investor Shares and Admiral Shares. Investor Shares are available to any investor who meets the fund’s minimum purchase requirements. Admiral Shares are designed for investors who meet certain administrative, service, tenure, and account-size criteria.

 

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

 

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued at their fair values calculated according to procedures adopted by the board of trustees. These procedures include obtaining quotations from an independent pricing service, monitoring news to identify significant market- or security-specific events, and evaluating changes in the values of foreign market proxies (for example, ADRs, futures contracts, or exchange-traded funds), between the time the foreign markets close and the fund’s pricing time. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a fund to calculate its net asset value may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value. Temporary cash investments acquired over 60 days to maturity are valued using the latest bid prices or using valuations based on a matrix system (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities, and ratings), both as furnished by independent pricing services. Other temporary cash investments are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value.

 

2. Foreign Currency: Securities and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from an independent third party as of the fund’s pricing time on the valuation date. Realized gains (losses) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investment securities include the effects of changes in exchange rates since the securities were purchased, combined with the effects of changes in security prices. Fluctuations in the value of other assets and liabilities resulting from changes in exchange rates are recorded as unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) until the assets or liabilities are settled in cash, at which time they are recorded as realized foreign currency gains (losses).

 

3. Futures Contracts: The fund uses index futures contracts to a limited extent, with the objective of maintaining full exposure to the stock market while maintaining liquidity. The fund may purchase or sell futures contracts to achieve a desired level of investment, whether to accommodate portfolio turnover or cash flows from capital share transactions. The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts are imperfect correlation between changes in market values of stocks held by the fund and the prices of futures contracts, and the possibility of an illiquid market.

 

 

18

Futures contracts are valued based upon their quoted daily settlement prices. The aggregate principal amounts of the contracts are not recorded in the Statement of Net Assets. Fluctuations in the value of the contracts are recorded in the Statement of Net Assets as an asset (liability) and in the Statement of Operations as unrealized appreciation (depreciation) until the contracts are closed, when they are recorded as realized futures gains (losses).

 

4. Repurchase Agreements: The fund may invest in repurchase agreements. Securities pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements are held by a custodian bank until the agreements mature. Each agreement requires that the market value of the collateral be sufficient to cover payments of interest and principal; however, in the event of default or bankruptcy by the other party to the agreement, retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings.

 

5. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

 

6. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

 

7. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

 

8. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.

 

Each class of shares has equal rights as to assets and earnings, except that each class separately bears certain class-specific expenses related to maintenance of shareholder accounts (included in Management and Administrative expenses) and shareholder reporting. Marketing and distribution expenses are allocated to each class of shares based on a method approved by the board of trustees. Income, other non-class-specific expenses, and gains and losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.

 

B. Wellington Management Company, LLP, provides investment advisory services to a portion of the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets managed by the advisor. Beginning in February 2008, the investment advisory fee will be subject to quarterly adjustments based on performance since May 1, 2007, relative to a combined index composed of the S&P Citigroup BMI World Energy Index and the S&P 500 Energy Equal Weight Index.

 

The Vanguard Group provides investment advisory services to a portion of the fund on an at-cost basis; the fund paid Vanguard advisory fees of $158,000 for the six months ended July 31, 2007.

 

19

For the six months ended July 31, 2007, the aggregate investment advisory fee represented an effective annual rate of 0.07% of the fund’s average net assets.

 

C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $1,079,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 1.08% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

 

D. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. The fund’s tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year.

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund realized net foreign currency gains of $136,000, which increased distributable net income for tax purposes; accordingly, such gains have been reclassified from undistributed net investment income to accumulated net realized gains.

 

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $6,215,089,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $6,381,975,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $6,385,554,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $3,579,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.

 

At July 31, 2007, the aggregate settlement value of open futures contracts expiring in September 2007 and the related unrealized appreciation (depreciation) were:

 

 

 

 

($000)

 

Number

Aggregate

Unrealized

 

of Long

Settlement

Appreciation

Futures Contracts

Contracts

Value

(Depreciation)

S&P 500 Index

657

240,117

(9,481)

E-mini S&P 500 Index

662

48,389

(1,633)

 

Unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on open futures contracts is required to be treated as realized gain (loss) for tax purposes.

 

E. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $1,424,808,000 of investment securities and sold $1,010,661,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

 

F. The market value of securities on loan to broker-dealers at July 31, 2007, was $125,755,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $130,132,000.

 

 

 

20

G. Capital share transactions for each class of shares were:

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31, 2007

January 31, 2007

 

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

 

($000)

(000)

($000)

(000)

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

875,053

12,252

1,793,137

28,223

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

112,191

1,763

235,334

3,595

Redeemed1

(798,307)

(11,492)

(2,116,818)

(34,259)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Investor Shares

188,937

2,523

(88,347)

(2,441)

Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

602,676

4,545

1,261,595

10,675

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

61,769

517

124,702

1,014

Redeemed1

(348,388)

(2,680)

(803,487)

(6,921)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Admiral Shares

316,057

2,382

582,810

4,768

 

 

H. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (tax years ended January 31, 2005–2007) for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Net of redemption fees of $1,120,000 and $3,975,000, respectively (fund totals).

 

 

 

21

About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

 

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

 

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

 

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

 

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

 

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

Energy Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period1

Based on Actual Fund Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,203.06

$1.37

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

1,203.47

0.98

Based on Hypothetical 5% Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,023.55

$1.25

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

1,023.90

0.90

 

1 These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratios for that period are 0.25% for Investor Shares and 0.18% for Admiral Shares. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month peiod, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

 

22

Note that the expenses shown in the table on page 22 are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transacton costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include the 1% fee on redemptions of shares held for less than one year, nor do they include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”

 

The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

 

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to your fund’s current prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23

Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangements

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard Energy Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory arrangement with The Vanguard Group, Inc. (through its Quantitative Equity Group). The board also approved an amended investment advisory agreement with Wellington Management Company, LLP, effective May 1, 2007. The amended agreement contains a new advisory fee schedule that increases the advisory fee paid to Wellington Management and adds a performance adjustment to the fee arrangement. The board determined that renewing the fund’s advisory arrangement with Vanguard, retaining Wellington Management, and amending Wellington Management’s advisory agreement were in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

 

The board based its decisions upon an evaluation of each advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the arrangements. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

 

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both short- and long-term periods, and took into account the organizational depth and stability of each advisor. The board noted the following:

 

The Vanguard Group. Vanguard has been managing investments for more than two decades.

George U. Sauter, Vanguard managing director and chief investment officer, has been in the investment management business since 1985, and has led the Quantitative Equity Group since 1987. The Quantitative Equity Group adheres to a sound, disciplined investment management process; the team has considerable experience, stability, and depth. Vanguard has managed a portion of the fund since 2005.

 

• Wellington Management Company. Founded in 1928, Wellington Management Company is among the nation’s oldest and most respected institutional investment managers. The firm has advised Vanguard Energy Fund since 1984. The investment team at Wellington Management uses a bottom-up investment approach, in which stocks are selected based on the advisor’s estimates of fundamental investment value. The advisor’s investment process emphasizes company fundamentals, management track record, and security valuation.

 

The board concluded that the existing advisory fee schedule should be adjusted to reflect the fair- market value of Wellington Management’s services. The new fee arrangement will enable Wellington Management to enhance the organizational depth and stability of the fund’s portfolio management team by retaining top investment talent and by hiring new investment professionals on an as-needed basis. The addition of a performance adjustment will better align the interests of Wellington Management and the fund’s shareholders by increasing or decreasing the asset-based fee proportionately with the performance of the portion of the fund managed by Wellington Management. A full discussion of the board’s decision to amend Wellington Management’s advisory agreement, including the terms of the agreement, appeared in the fund’s annual report for the year ended January 31, 2007.

 

Investment performance

The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of a relevant benchmark and peer group. The board concluded that each advisor has carried out its investment strategy in disciplined fashion, and the results provided

 

24

by each advisor have allowed the fund to consistently outperform both the fund’s benchmark and its average peer fund since the fund’s inception. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

 

Cost

The board considered the cost of services to be provided, including consideration of competitive fee rates and the fact that, after the implementation of the amended agreement with Wellington Management, the fund’s advisory fee remains below the average fee for its peer group. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the fund’s advisory fee rate.

 

The board does not conduct a “profitability” analysis of Vanguard because of Vanguard’s unique “at-cost” structure. Unlike most other mutual fund management companies, Vanguard is owned by the funds it oversees, and produces “profits” only in the form of reduced expenses for fund shareholders. The board did not consider profitability of Wellington Management in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because Wellington Management is independent of Vanguard, and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.

 

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the advisory fee schedule with Wellington Management. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets managed by Wellington Management increase. The board also concluded that the fund’s low-cost arrangement with Vanguard ensures that the fund will realize economies of scale as it grows, with the cost to shareholders declining as the fund’s assets managed by Vanguard increase.

 

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory arrangements again after a one-year period.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25

Glossary

 

Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.

 

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

 

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

 

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

 

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

 

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

 

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

 

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

 

R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.

 

Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

 

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

 

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

 

Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.

 

 

26

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This page intentionally left blank.

 

 

 

The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive

Trustee since May 1987;

Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment

Chairman of the Board and

companies served by The Vanguard Group.

Chief Executive Officer

 

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures

Trustee since January 2001

in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business

 

at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.

 

 

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, and

Trustee since December 20012

Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified

 

manufacturing and services) since 2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the

 

Chemical Heritage Foundation.

 

 

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the University of

Trustee since June 2006

Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts and Sciences, Annenberg School

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

for Communication, and Graduate School of Education of the University of Pennsylvania

 

since 2004; Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Politics and

 

the University Center for Human Values (1990–2004), Princeton University; Director of

 

Carnegie Corporation of New York since 2005 and of Schuylkill River Development

 

Corporation and Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice President and

Trustee since July 1998

Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President and Chief Information

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson &

 

Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products); Director of the University Medical

 

Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute.

 

 

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance

Trustee since December 2004

and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman

 

of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003; Chair of the Investment Committee of

 

HighVista Strategies LLC (private investment firm) since 2005.

 

 

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive

Trustee since January 1993

Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive

Trustee since April 1985

Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines) and

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University

 

and of Culver Educational Foundation.

 

 

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.;

Treasurer since July 1998

Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of The Vanguard

Secretary since July 2005

Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since 2005; Secretary of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

The Vanguard Group, and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard

 

Group, since 2005; Principal of The Vanguard Group (1997–2006).

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

Founder

 

John C. Bogle

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

 

 

1 Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2 December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 

 

 


 

P.O. Box 2600

 

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

Vanguard, Admiral, Connect with Vanguard, and the

 

ship logo are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc.

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

 

 

 

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

 

respective owners.

Text Telephone for People

 

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

 

 

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

 

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

 

 

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

 

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

This material may be used in conjunction

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by calling

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may

the fund’s current prospectus.

obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies for

 

securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30.

 

To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com

 

or www.sec.gov.

 

 

 

 

 

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.

 

To find out more about this public service, call the SEC

 

at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is also

 

available on the SEC’s website, and you can receive

 

copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a

 

request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

 

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

 

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

 

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q512 092007

 

 

 




 

 

 

Vanguard® Precious Metals

 

and Mining Fund

 

 

 

 

 

> Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

>

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund returned 16.0%, below that of its benchmark index but ahead of the average return for gold-oriented funds.

 

>

The fund’s return substantially outpaced the result of the broad stock market.

 

>

Concentrated holdings in platinum mining and processing accounted for about one-third of the fund’s return.

 

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Advisor’s Report

6

Fund Profile

8

Performance Summary

9

Financial Statements

10

About Your Fund’s Expenses

19

Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

21

Glossary

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund

VGPMX

16.0%

S&P/Citigroup Custom Metals and Mining Index

 

24.7

Average Gold-Oriented Fund1

 

5.6

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9

 

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

 

 

 

 

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions Per Share

 

Starting

Ending

Income

Capital

 

Share Price

Share Price

Dividends

Gains

Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund

$28.64

$32.43

$0.050

$0.662

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

 

 

1


 

Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

 

Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund advanced 16.0% for the fiscal half-year ended July 31, 2007, well ahead of the 1.9% return for the overall U.S. stock market. The return of the fund, which is broadly diversified across metals and mining operations, lagged its benchmark index, but outpaced the average return for gold-oriented funds.

 

The fund remained closed to new investors, although existing shareholders can make additional share purchases.

 

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the past six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

 

The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed their value-oriented counterparts. International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

 

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

 

These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

 

A focus on platinum paid off, as did a variety of other holdings

Within the parameters of its metals-and-mining mandate, Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund is, on the one hand, highly diversified in terms of the overall industry and geography. The fund’s investments focus on a wide range of products—from precious metals, including gold, to agricultural chemicals and coal—and span the globe from developed countries to South Africa, Peru, and Indonesia. On the other hand, the fund is highly concentrated: It owned only 46 stocks as of July 31, about a quarter of which accounted for the bulk of its return in the fiscal six months.

 

 

Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5

12.1

16.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9

16.8

13.1

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8

28.5

22.3

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2

4.3

4.5

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5

5.1

2.7

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

 

3

Four of the fund’s six largest holdings—mining companies Lonmin, Impala Platinum Holdings, and Anglo Platinum, and processor Johnson Matthey—are involved in producing or processing platinum, and they accounted for about one-third of the fund’s return. Platinum’s major use is in catalytic converters in cars, buses, and trucks. The converters, for which long-term demand is strong worldwide, turn emissions into nontoxic compounds.

 

Other significant contributors to the fund’s return were Rio Tinto, a diversified international mining company; Eramet, which produces nickel and other nonferrous metals; and CONSOL Energy, a coal and gas company. Fertilizer producers K+S AG and Agrium, and steel companies

BlueScope Steel and Sims Group, also provided a boost. The major detractor from the fund’s return was Centerra Gold.

 

Sector funds can play a role in a balanced portfolio

Investors in Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund have benefited from handsome returns in recent years. It’s important to remember, however, that the fund’s focus on a specific industry means that its returns can be especially volatile, buffeted by events that may not affect other parts of the economy.

 

A modest allocation to a low-cost sector fund can play a role in your portfolio—perhaps to help achieve diversification or to provide an opportunity to meet specialized investment objectives.

 

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

Gold-Oriented

 

Fund

Fund

Precious Metals and Mining Fund

0.32%

1.59%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Fund expense ratio reflects the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

 

 

4

No matter how you choose to use a sector fund, your portfolio planning should aim to strike the right balance between the potential for return and the potential for risk. This can best be done by establishing a balanced allocation of assets among stock, bond, and money market funds, and diversifying within each of those asset classes.

 

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

 

Sincerely,

 


 

John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 13, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Advisor’s Report

 

Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund produced a return of 16.0% during the six-month period. This was behind the benchmark index’s return of 24.7%, but ahead of the 5.6% result of the average gold-oriented fund.

The investment environment

The price of gold bullion remained at historically high levels, but was broadly unchanged during the half-year. The prices of a number of other metals, including platinum and copper, gained ground. Nickel was an exception; its price fell sharply from April onward due to oversupply in the nickel-intensive stainless steel industry. In spite of volatility in underlying metal prices, shares of broader mining companies advanced strongly. As a group, mining companies continued to generate excellent returns against a backdrop of sustained demand from industrializing and developed economies alike. China is still the driving force behind global demand. By contrast, gold equities continued to underperform as the gold sector remained focused on growth, rather than profitability, and struggled to overcome rising costs and operational inefficiencies.

The fund’s performance

Against this background of metal price strength, French nickel group Eramet, one of the few remaining independent producers in this highly consolidated industry, made a strong contribution as investors looked beyond the extreme volatility in the price of nickel and focused on the long-term value of the company’s assets. The fund’s long-standing and significant positions in United Kingdom platinum producer Lonmin and in South

African producer Anglo Platinum, as well as a more recently added position in U.K. platinum processor Johnson Matthey, all benefited, based on the extremely strong supply/demand balance for the metal.

Outside the traditional metals and mining arena, positions in German potash miner K+S and Canadian potash miner Agrium added significant value, as both benefited from intensifying demand for fertilizers to improve land yields. Sentiment was also buoyed by expectations of rising biofuel production as an alternative fuel source to gasoline. Finally, our lack of exposure to U.S. gold producer Newmont Mining, a poor performer, continued to have a positive impact on relative performance. The company has struggled to effectively combat higher costs in the face of falling production.

By contrast, our holding in Canadian gold producer Centerra Gold was the main detractor from the fund’s performance, due to concerns over government involvement at one of the company’s mines in the Kyrgyz Republic, in Central Asia. We are nevertheless confident that a positive outcome can be achieved for shareholders. The fund’s significant holding in Canadian diamond-producer Aber Diamond also had a negative impact, as the market continued to come to terms with the company’s shift into diamond retailing. In addition, concerns about rising input costs persist. In spite of this, the company continues to exceed production targets, and fundamentals for the diamond industry remain extremely compelling.

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

The fund’s positioning

We remained focused on increasing our holdings among metals and minerals companies with healthy cash flows and exposure to strategically important materials. We established new positions in Minerals Technologies, a U.S. industrial minerals producer with a highly respected new chief executive, and in AUR Resources, a well-managed copper miner that aims to improve returns from its assets in Chile and Canada. Near the end of the fiscal half-year, AUR received a bid at a significant premium. Within the precious metals sector, we added to our positions in Northam Platinum, a midsized producer of platinum-group metals in South Africa that we believe has exciting expansion opportunities; and the Russian gold-mining company Peter Hambro Mining, whose significant reserves and emphasis on efficiency should enable it to generate significantly higher returns than most of the gold industry. We also added substantially to Johnson Matthey, a recent addition to our portfolio, as noted earlier. The company processes platinum for use in catalytic converters in automobiles, an area in which demand is being boosted by tighter global emissions legislation.

We sold holdings that had performed exceptionally well or in which we believed the company’s fundamentals had deteriorated. Significant disposals included those of Australian diversified mining company Rio Tinto, which was sold due to fears that it was overpaying in its $43 billion bid for Canadian aluminium-producer Alcan; previously mentioned Agrium and Anglo Platinum; and Canadian-listed copper-gold miner First Quantum Minerals. In each of these cases, valuation levels appeared less attractive following extremely strong performance.

 

In spite of heightened levels of volatility during the period, the fund’s investment environment remains supportive. The appetite for raw materials from both emerging and developed nations continues apace, driven primarily by China’s extraordinary industrial expansion. In the meantime, supply remains tightly controlled as a result of ongoing consolidation in the broader mining sector and years of under-investment in new projects. Consequently, we remain confident about the long-term outlook for a number of commodities, a scenario that provides a favorable environment for the mining groups that supply these assets. And we continue to monitor the profitability of the gold industry, which, as recent earnings announcements attest, has remained poor compared with the broader mining industry.

Graham E. French, Portfolio Manager

M&G Investment Management Ltd.

August 30, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

46

255

4,902

Median Market Cap

$6.9B

$17.9B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

21.0x

18.0x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

3.4x

3.4x

2.7x

Return on Equity

18.2%

18.4%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

23.2%

31.7%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

82.1%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

16%3

Expense Ratio

0.32%3

Short-Term Reserves

5%

 

Market Diversification (% of portfolio)

 

 

 

United Kingdom

20%

Australia

15

United States

15

South Africa

15

Canada

14

France

9

Germany

5

Peru

2

Short-Term Reserves

5%

 

Volatility Measures4

 

 

Fund Versus

Fund Versus

 

Comparative Index1

Broad Index2

R-Squared

0.81

0.36

Beta

0.80

1.53

 

Ten Largest Holdings5 (% of total net assets)

 

 

Lonmin PLC

10.8%

Impala Platinum Holdings Ltd. ADR

7.0

Johnson Matthey PLC

6.5

Eramet SLN

6.0

Aber Diamond Corp.

5.9

Anglo Platinum Ltd. ADR

5.1

K+S AG

4.6

Barrick Gold Corp.

4.2

Sims Group Ltd.

3.5

CONSOL Energy, Inc.

3.4

Top Ten

57.0%

 

 

1 S&P/Citigroup Custom Metals and Mining Index.

2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3 Annualized.

4 For an explanation of R-squared, beta, and other terms used here, see the Glossary on page 22.

5 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.

 

 

8

Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): January 31, 1997–July 31, 2007

 


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

Inception Date

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Precious Metals and Mining Fund3

5/23/1984

30.41%

33.02%

18.05%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2 S&P/Citigroup World Equity Gold Index through June 30, 2005; S&P/Citigroup Custom Metals and Mining Index thereafter.

3 Total return figures do not reflect the 1% redemption fee assessed on redemptions of shares held less than one year, and do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

Note: See Financial Highlights table on page 14 for dividend and capital gains information.

 

 

9

Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Common Stocks (95.1%)

 

 

Australia (15.7%)

 

 

 

Sims Group Ltd.

6,000,000

136,741

^

Rio Tinto Ltd.

1,700,000

132,516

 

BlueScope Steel Ltd.

12,000,000

110,899

^,1

Iluka Resources Ltd

17,150,000

86,280

 

CSR Ltd.

30,000,000

84,619

^,1

Centennial Coal Co., Ltd.

15,775,000

44,933

*^

St. Barbara Ltd.

31,800,000

13,446

 

Consolidated

 

 

 

Minerals Ltd.

1,500,000

4,656

*

Tanami Gold NL

18,170,000

1,896

 

Oxiana Ltd.

250,000

778

*

Magnesium

 

 

 

International Ltd.

1,678,671

109

 

 

 

616,873

Canada (14.0%)

 

 

1

Aber Diamond Corp.

6,200,000

231,076

 

Barrick Gold Corp.

5,000,000

164,229

*1

Centerra Gold Inc.

12,865,000

84,657

 

AUR Resources Inc.

1,060,000

40,431

 

Sherritt International Corp.

1,175,000

17,931

*1

Claude Resources, Inc.

3,650,000

5,329

*

SouthernEra

 

 

 

Diamonds, Inc.

7,022,900

4,279

*

Arizona Star Resource Corp.

200,000

2,236

 

 

 

550,168

France (8.9%)

 

 

 

Eramet SLN

776,773

234,523

 

Imerys SA

1,160,000

113,675

 

 

 

348,198

Germany (4.6%)

 

 

 

K+S AG

1,230,000

181,398

 

 

 

 

Indonesia (0.2%)

 

 

 

PT International Nickel

 

 

 

Indonesia Tbk

1,250,000

7,593

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Papua New Guinea (0.0%)

 

 

*

Bougainville Copper Ltd.

2,000,000

1,448

 

 

 

 

Peru (1.7%)

 

 

 

Compañia de Minas

 

 

 

Buenaventura S.A.u. ADR

1,700,000

67,847

 

 

 

 

South Africa (14.7%)

 

 

 

Impala Platinum

 

 

 

Holdings Ltd. ADR

9,400,000

272,730

 

Anglo Platinum Ltd. ADR

1,450,000

198,805

 

Northam Platinum Ltd.

8,936,800

66,234

 

Gold Fields Ltd. ADR

2,425,000

40,061

 

 

 

577,830

United Kingdom (20.4%)

 

 

 

Lonmin PLC

6,069,413

425,384

 

Johnson Matthey PLC

7,450,000

255,510

*^

Peter Hambro Mining PLC

2,867,368

55,323

 

Rio Tinto PLC

475,000

34,270

 

Vedanta Resources PLC

270,000

9,657

 

Hochschild Mining PLC

823,081

5,955

*

Kenmare Resources PLC

4,550,000

5,665

*

Gem Diamond Ltd.

171,428

3,644

*

Zambezi Resources Ltd.

4,895,833

2,449

*

Mwana Africa PLC

100,000

161

 

 

 

798,018

United States (14.9%)

 

 

 

CONSOL Energy, Inc.

3,230,000

134,530

 

Peabody Energy Corp.

2,700,000

114,102

 

FMC Corp.

1,175,000

104,728

1

Minerals Technologies, Inc.

1,277,000

82,584

*

Meridian Gold Inc.

2,450,000

69,164

 

AMCOL International Corp.

1,400,000

40,082

 

Arch Coal, Inc.

1,200,000

35,868

 

 

 

581,058

Total Common Stocks

 

 

(Cost $2,129,931)

 

3,730,431

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Precious Metals (0.1%)

 

 

* Platinum Bullion (In Ounces)

2,009

2,591

Total Precious Metals

 

 

(Cost $1,213)

 

2,591

Temporary Cash Investments (8.8%)

 

 

2 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 5.302%

146,328,435

146,328

2 Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, 5.302%—Note F

200,244,119

200,244

Total Temporary Cash Investments

 

 

(Cost $346,572)

 

346,572

Total Investments (104.0%)

 

 

(Cost $2,477,716)

 

4,079,594

Other Assets and Liabilities—Net (–4.0%)

 

(157,055)

Net Assets (100%)

 

 

Applicable to 120,965,031 outstanding

 

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

 

3,922,539

Net Asset Value Per Share

 

$32.43

 

 

 

Statement of Assets and Liabilities

 

 

Assets

 

 

Investments in Securities, at Value

 

4,079,594

Receivables for Investment

 

 

Securities Sold

 

62,043

Receivables for Capital Shares Issued

 

2,445

Other Assets—Note C

 

33,795

Total Assets

 

4,177,877

Liabilities

 

 

Security Lending Collateral

 

 

Payable to Brokers—Note F

 

200,244

Payables for Investment

 

 

Securities Purchased

 

25,167

Other Liabilities

 

29,927

Total Liabilities

 

255,338

Net Assets

 

3,922,539

 

At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of:3

 

 

Amount

Per

 

($000)

Share

Paid-in Capital

2,145,464

$17.75

Undistributed Net

 

 

Investment Income

9,871

.08

Accumulated Net

 

 

Realized Gains

164,999

1.36

Unrealized Appreciation

 

 

Investment Securities

1,601,878

13.24

Foreign Currencies

327

Net Assets

3,922,539

$32.43

 

 

See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

*

Non-income-producing security.

^

Part of security position is on loan to broker-dealers. See Note F in Notes to Financial Statements.

1 Considered an affiliated company of the fund as the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of such company. See Note H in Notes to Financial Statements.

2 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.

3 See Note D in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

ADR—American Depositary Receipt.

 

11

Statement of Operations

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends1,2

46,948

Interest2

1,841

Security Lending

989

Total Income

49,778

Expenses

 

Investment Advisory Fees—Note B

 

Basic Fee

2,400

Performance Adjustment

62

The Vanguard Group—Note C

 

Management and Administrative

3,008

Marketing and Distribution

393

Custodian Fees

206

Shareholders’ Reports

25

Trustees’ Fees and Expenses

2

Total Expenses

6,096

Net Investment Income

43,682

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

 

Investment Securities Sold2

205,420

Foreign Currencies

(308)

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

205,112

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

 

Investment Securities

293,846

Foreign Currencies

269

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

294,115

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

542,909

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Dividends are net of foreign withholding taxes of $1,676,000.

2 Dividend income, interest income, and realized net gain (loss) from affiliated companies of the fund were $4,828,000, $1,841,000, and $0, respectively.

 

 

12

Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31,

January 31,

 

2007

2007

 

($000)

($000)

Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets

 

 

Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

43,682

63,302

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

205,112

373,021

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

294,115

81,090

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

542,909

517,413

Distributions

 

 

Net Investment Income

(5,961)

(54,699)

Realized Capital Gain1

(78,921)

(284,886)

Total Distributions

(84,882)

(339,585)

Capital Share Transactions—Note G

 

 

Issued

225,798

585,297

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

78,928

314,309

Redeemed2

(283,748)

(930,593)

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

20,978

(30,987)

Total Increase (Decrease)

479,005

146,841

Net Assets

 

 

Beginning of Period

3,443,534

3,296,693

End of Period3

3,922,539

3,443,534

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes fiscal 2008 and 2007 short-term gain distributions totaling $596,000 and $127,033,000, respectively. Short-term gain distributions are treated as ordinary income dividends for tax purposes.

2 Net of redemption fees of $209,000 and $3,932,000.

3 Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of $9,871,000 and ($27,542,000).

 

 

13

Financial Highlights

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$28.64

$27.08

$16.46

$15.29

$11.25

$9.31

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.360

.560

.3371

.1851

.194

.25

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments2

4.142

4.027

11.080

1.988

4.780

2.18

Total from Investment Operations

4.502

4.587

11.417

2.173

4.974

2.43

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.050)

(.490)

(.240)

(.144)

(.934)

(.49)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(.662)

(2.537)

(.557)

(.859)

Total Distributions

(.712)

(3.027)

(.797)

(1.003)

(.934)

(.49)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$32.43

$28.64

$27.08

$16.46

$15.29

$11.25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return3

15.98%

17.48%

70.19%

14.20%

44.07%

26.51%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$3,923

$3,444

$3,297

$921

$608

$537

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.32%4,*

0.35%4

0.40%

0.48%

0.55%

0.60%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

2.29%*

1.88%

1.68%

1.32%

1.61%

2.14%

Portfolio Turnover Rate

16%*

24%

20%

36%

15%

43%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Calculated based on average shares outstanding.

2 Includes increases from redemption fees of $.00, $.03, $.01, $.01, $.00, and $.02.

3 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year, or the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

4 Includes performance-based investment advisory fee increases of 0.00% and 0.01%.

*

Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

 

14

Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds. The fund invests in securities of foreign issuers, which may subject it to investment risks not normally associated with investing in securities of United States corporations.

 

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

 

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued at their fair values calculated according to procedures adopted by the board of trustees. These procedures include obtaining quotations from an independent pricing service, monitoring news to identify significant market- or security-specific events, and evaluating changes in the values of foreign market proxies (for example, ADRs, futures contracts, or exchange-traded funds), between the time the foreign markets close and the fund’s pricing time. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a fund to calculate its net asset value may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities. Precious metals are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value.

 

2. Foreign Currency: Securities and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from an independent third party as of the fund’s pricing time on the valuation date. Realized gains (losses) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investment securities include the effects of changes in exchange rates since the securities were purchased, combined with the effects of changes in security prices. Fluctuations in the value of other assets and liabilities resulting from changes in exchange rates are recorded as unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) until the assets or liabilities are settled in cash, at which time they are recorded as realized foreign currency gains (losses).

 

3. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

 

4. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

 

5. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

 

 

15

6. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.

 

B. M&G Investment Management Ltd. provides investment advisory services to the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets. The basic fee is subject to quarterly adjustments based on the fund’s performance since January 31, 2006, relative to the S&P/Citigroup Custom Metals and Mining Index. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, the investment advisory fee represented an effective annual basic rate of 0.13% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $62,000 based on performance.

 

C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $356,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.36% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

 

D. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. The fund’s tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year.

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund realized net foreign currency losses of $308,000, which permanently decreased distributable net income for tax purposes; accordingly, such losses have been reclassified from accumulated net realized gains to undistributed net investment income.

 

Certain of the fund’s investments are in securities considered to be “passive foreign investment companies,” for which any unrealized appreciation and/or realized gains are required to be included in distributable net income for tax purposes. Unrealized appreciation through January 31, 2007, on passive foreign investment company holdings at July 31, 2007, was $29,932,000, which has been distributed and is reflected in the balance of undistributed net investment income.

 

During 2001, the fund elected to use a provision of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 to mark to market certain appreciated securities held on January 1, 2001; such securities were treated as sold and repurchased, with unrealized gains of $46,006,000 becoming realized, for tax purposes. The mark-to-market created a difference between the cost of investments for financial statement and tax purposes, which will reverse when the securities are sold. Through July 31, 2007, the fund realized gains on the sale of these securities of $18,280,000 for financial statement purposes, which were included in prior year mark-to-market gains for tax purposes. The remaining difference of $27,726,000 is reflected in the balance of accumulated net realized gains; the corresponding difference between the securities’ cost for financial statement and tax purposes is reflected in unrealized appreciation.

 

 

16

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $2,535,374,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $1,544,220,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $1,563,821,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $19,601,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase or since being marked to market for tax purposes.

 

E. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $287,394,000 of investment securities and sold $438,425,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

 

F. The market value of securities on loan to broker-dealers at July 31, 2007, was $193,873,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $200,244,000.

 

G. Capital shares issued and redeemed were:

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31, 2007

January 31, 2007

 

Shares

Shares

 

(000)

(000)

Issued

7,014

20,497

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

2,689

11,406

Redeemed

(8,975)

(33,402)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Shares Outstanding

728

(1,499)

 

 

H. Certain of the fund’s investments are in companies that are considered to be affiliated companies of the fund because the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of the company. Transactions during the period in securities of these companies were as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

Current Period Transactions

 

 

Jan. 31, 2007

 

Proceeds from

 

July 31, 2007

 

Market

Purchases

Securities

Dividend

Market

 

Value

at Cost

Sold

Income

Value

 

($000)

($000)

($000)

($000)

($000)

Aber Diamond Corp.

217,068

21,136

2,565

231,076

Centennial Coal Co. Ltd.

34,777

438

44,933

Centerra Gold Inc.

143,974

84,657

Claude Resources, Inc.

n/a1

1,093

5,329

Iluka Resources Ltd.

83,373

1,697

86,280

Minerals Technologies Inc

69,142

5,005

128

82,584

 

548,334

 

 

4,828

534,859

 

 

 

1 At January 31, 2007, the issuer was not an affiliated company of the fund.

 

 

17

I. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (tax years ended January 31, 2005–2007) for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18

About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

 

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

 

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

 

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

 

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

 

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

Precious Metals and Mining Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period1

Based on Actual Fund Return

$1,000.00

$1,159.80

$1.71

Based on Hypothetical 5% Return

1,000.00

1,023.21

1.61

 

 

1 These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratio for that period is 0.32%. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month peiod, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

 

19

Note that the expenses shown in the table on page 19 are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transaction costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include the 1% fee on redemptions of shares held for less than one year, nor do they include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”

 

The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

 

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to the appropriate fund prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard Precious Metals and Mining Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory agreement with M&G Investment Management Limited. The board determined that the retention of M&G was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

 

The board based its decision upon an evaluation of M&G’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

 

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both the short and long term and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the advisor. The board noted that M&G, founded in 1931, specializes in managing equity and fixed income portfolios for both institutional and retail clients worldwide. The firm has advised the fund since the fund’s inception in 1984. The advisor continues to employ a sound process, selecting companies that are broadly representative of the metals and mining industries and emphasizing large, stable, and diversified companies. The advisor’s internal research team—comprising the portfolio manager, Graham E. French, and a team of six global equity analysts—conducts intensive fundamental analysis of companies in the industry; their research includes regular company visits.

 

The board concluded that the advisor’s experience, stability, depth, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisory agreement.

 

Investment performance

The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of a relevant benchmark and peer group. The board concluded that the advisor has carried out the fund’s investment strategy in disciplined fashion, and that performance results have allowed the fund to remain competitive versus its benchmark. The board noted that the fund is more broadly diversified than its competitors—with the ability to invest up to half of the fund’s assets in non-precious metals and mining stocks—but continues to remain competitive versus gold-oriented peer funds. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

 

Cost

The board concluded that the fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The board noted that the fund’s advisory fee rate was also well below the peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate.

 

The board did not consider profitability of M&G in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because M&G is independent of Vanguard, and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.

 

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedule. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.

 

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory agreement again after a one-year period.

 

21

Glossary

 

Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.

 

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

 

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

 

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

 

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

 

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

 

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

 

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

 

R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.

 

Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

 

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

 

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This page intentionally left blank.

 

 

 

The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive

Trustee since May 1987;

Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment

Chairman of the Board and

companies served by The Vanguard Group.

Chief Executive Officer

 

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures

Trustee since January 2001

in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business

 

at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.

 

 

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, and

Trustee since December 20012

Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified

 

manufacturing and services) since 2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the

 

Chemical Heritage Foundation.

 

 

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the University of

Trustee since June 2006

Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts and Sciences, Annenberg School

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

for Communication, and Graduate School of Education of the University of Pennsylvania

 

since 2004; Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Politics and

 

the University Center for Human Values (1990–2004), Princeton University; Director of

 

Carnegie Corporation of New York since 2005 and of Schuylkill River Development

 

Corporation and Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice President and

Trustee since July 1998

Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President and Chief Information

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson &

 

Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products); Director of the University Medical

 

Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute.

 

 

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance

Trustee since December 2004

and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman

 

of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003; Chair of the Investment Committee of

 

HighVista Strategies LLC (private investment firm) since 2005.

 

 

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive

Trustee since January 1993

Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive

Trustee since April 1985

Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines) and

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University

 

and of Culver Educational Foundation.

 

 

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.;

Treasurer since July 1998

Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of The Vanguard

Secretary since July 2005

Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since 2005; Secretary of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

The Vanguard Group, and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard

 

Group, since 2005; Principal of The Vanguard Group (1997–2006).

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

Founder

 

John C. Bogle

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

 

 

1 Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2 December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 

 

 


 

P.O. Box 2600

 

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

Vanguard, Connect with Vanguard, and the ship logo

 

are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc.

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

 

 

 

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

 

respective owners.

Text Telephone for People

 

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

 

 

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

 

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

 

 

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

This material may be used in conjunction

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by calling

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from

the fund’s current prospectus.

the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may

 

obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies for

 

securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30.

 

To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com

 

or www.sec.gov.

 

 

 

 

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.

 

To find out more about this public service, call the SEC

 

at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is also

 

available on the SEC’s website, and you can receive

 

copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a

 

request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

 

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

 

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

 

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q532 092007

 

 

 




 

 

 

 

 

Vanguard® Health Care Fund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

>  Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


>  For the six months ended July 31, 2007, Vanguard Health Care Fund posted a return of –0.3%.

 

>  The six-month period was a tough one for the health care sector, and particularly for the sector’s mainstay, pharmaceutical stocks.

 

>  Although its return was negative, the fund did better than its benchmark index in this difficult environment, and it also topped the average return of competing funds.

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Advisor’s Report

6

Fund Profile

8

Performance Summary

9

Financial Statements

10

About Your Fund’s Expenses

21

Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

23

Glossary

25

 

 

 

 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 

 


Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard Health Care Fund

 

 

Investor Shares

VGHCX

–0.3%

Admiral™ Shares1

VGHAX

–0.3   

S&P Health Sector Index

 

–1.6   

Average Health/Biotechnology Fund2

 

–0.8   

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9   

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Distributions Per Share

 

Starting

Ending

Income

Capital

 

Share Price

Share Price

Dividends

Gains

Vanguard Health Care Fund

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$149.69

$146.99

$0.140

$2.128

Admiral Shares

63.19

62.06

0.066

0.899

 

 

1  A lower-cost class of shares available to many longtime shareholders and to those with significant investments in the fund.

2  Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

 

1

 



 

Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the health care sector was one of the stock market’s weaker areas. Although Vanguard Health Care Fund is broadly diversified across health care industries, the fund’s large exposure to pharmaceutical stocks weighed it down, leading to a half-year return of only –0.3%. For the fiscal period, the fund trailed the broad U.S. stock market, but its performance was better than that of its average peer and its benchmark index.

 

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

Overall, U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

 

The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed their value-oriented counterparts.

International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

 

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

 

2

 


These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

 

In the health care sector, it was a tough six months

The stocks of many health care firms stumbled during the half-year. Vanguard Health Care Fund closed the period with a return of –0.3%, below the 1.9% return of the broad stock market. As I mentioned above, it’s worth noting that the fund outperformed its peers and its benchmark index. Even in such a tough environment, it is clear that Wellington Management Company, LLP, your fund’s advisor, continued to enhance the fund’s performance through its stock-picking talents.

 

The fund’s strategy of diversifying across health care subsectors provided little relief during the period, as most of these groups performed poorly. In addition, the fund experienced distinct weaknesses within the important pharmaceuticals and biotechnology industries, which put a sharp drag on performance.

 

Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5   

12.1   

16.0   

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9   

16.8   

13.1   

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8   

28.5   

22.3   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2   

4.3   

4.5   

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5   

5.1   

2.7   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

 

 

 

 

3

 


During the six months, a number of the fund’s top-ten holdings were also its weakest performers. Pharmaceutical firms Forest Laboratories, Roche Holdings AG, and AstraZeneca all produced negative returns. During the period, many of the pharmaceutical industry’s major players, including the three just named, wrestled with regulatory challenges, patent expirations, and disappointments in the research and development of new prescription medications.

 

Within the portfolio, notable bright spots during the period included Humana and Gilead Sciences, both of which produced double-digit gains. In addition, chemical producers Bayer AG and Akzo Nobel made significant contributions.

 

Vanguard Health Care Fund was closed to new investors on March 23, 2005, after experiencing a significant run-up in assets. The fund remains closed, although existing shareholders may continue to invest in it.

 

Diversification and balance are keys to a long-term approach

As seasoned investors realize, there’s no way to know what will happen in the stock market tomorrow, much less next month or next year. What’s the best strategy to follow when the markets remain so unpredictable?

 

As we often counsel, the best way to put together a long-term investment program is to select a diversified mix of stock, bond, and money market mutual

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Health/

 

Investor

Admiral

Biotechnology

 

Shares

Shares

Fund

Health Care Fund

0.26%

0.19%

1.79%

 

 

1  Fund expense ratios reflect the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

 

4

 


funds that fits your goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. A balanced portfolio is not likely to deliver the best (or the worst) short-term returns, but it can help you to reap the rewards of the markets’ best-performing assets while muting the impact of the worst-performing ones.

 

As part of such a balanced portfolio, Vanguard Health Care Fund can play an important role in helping you to move toward your long-term financial goals.

 

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

 

Sincerely,

 


 

John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 10, 2007

 

5

 


Advisor’s Report

 

Vanguard Health Care Fund returned –0.3% for the six months ended July 31, 2007. This compared to returns of 2.1% for the S&P 500 Index, –1.6% for the S&P Health Sector Index, and –0.8% on average for competing health/biotechnology funds.

 

The investment environment

Health care stocks lagged the overall stock market during the period. Within the portfolio, health services stocks fared well, helping to buoy performance for the period. Stocks in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and medical products subsectors had mixed results; however, select holdings in each of these groups helped the fund to perform better than the sector index and the competitive fund group.

 

Our successes

Large-cap pharmaceutical holdings Schering-Plough, Bayer AG, and Merck provided a boost to returns during the period, as favorable pricing trends led to strong results that exceeded investor expectations. Our health services holdings CIGNA and Humana also contributed to overall results.

 

Our shortfalls

Forest Laboratories and Amgen shares were down during the period. Amgen declined because of the regulatory cloud over the usage of erythropoietin for the treatment of cancer-related anemia; the company markets a form of this hormone. Shares of Japanese pharmaceuticals Eisai and Chugai Pharmaceutical fell as a result of the Japanese market’s weakness. We expect these trends to reverse with the emergence of positive news about product pipelines.

 

The fund’s positioning

We are somewhat cautious regarding the health care market, believing that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has tilted its focus toward safety rather than innovation, reducing new-product flow and the value of the sector. We have focused on companies that we think are best prepared to overcome this fundamental risk.

 

6

 


We continue to invest in Japanese pharmaceuticals, primarily on the basis of the companies’ attractive pipelines. As the Japanese medical and pricing systems evolve, new drugs will receive premium prices, which should also benefit these innovative companies. We will continue to position the fund with a long-term focus, maintaining appropriate diversification and attention to valuation.

 

Edward P. Owens

Senior Vice President and Portfolio Manager

 

Wellington Management Company, LLP

 

August 15, 2007

 

 

Significant Portfolio Changes

 

Six months ended July 31, 2007

 

 

Additions

Comments

Walgreen

Replaced CVS Caremark in the portfolio.

Forest Laboratories

Added on weakness and a strong outlook.

OSI Pharmaceuticals

Added on weakness and a strong outlook.

 

 

 

 

Reductions

Comments

CVS Caremark

Eliminated after a strong run.

Gilead Sciences

Reduced as the price rose.

MedImmune

Acquired by AstraZeneca.

 

 

7

 


Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

80

53

4,902

Median Market Cap

$42.5B

$61.3B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

22.4x

21.0x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

3.6x

3.7x

2.7x

Yield

 

1.7%

1.8%

Investor Shares

1.2%

 

 

Admiral Shares

1.3%

 

 

Return on Equity

17.9%

22.5%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

9.2%

11.8%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

27.5%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

10%3

Expense Ratio

 

Investor Shares

0.26%3

 

 

Admiral Shares

0.19%3

 

 

Short-Term Reserves

9%

 

Volatility Measures4

 

 

Fund Versus

Fund Versus

 

Comparative Index1

Broad Index2

R-Squared

0.86

0.35

Beta

0.75

0.57

 

Sector Diversification5 (% of portfolio)

 

 

 

Biotechnology

8%

Consumer Staples

2   

Health Care Distributors

6   

Health Care Equipment

9   

Health Care Facilities

1   

Health Care Services

2   

Health Care Technology

2   

Managed Health Care

7   

Materials

3   

Pharmaceuticals

51   

Short-Term Reserves

9%

 

 

8

 


Ten Largest Holdings6 (% of total net assets)

 

 

Schering-Plough Corp.

6.1%

Eli Lilly & Co.

4.8   

Roche Holdings AG

4.1   

Forest Laboratories, Inc.

4.1   

Sanofi-Aventis

3.6   

AstraZeneca Group PLC

3.6   

McKesson Corp.

3.1   

Abbott Laboratories

2.7   

Novartis AG (Registered)

2.7   

Cardinal Health, Inc.

2.7   

Top Ten

37.5%

 

Market Diversification (% of portfolio)

 

 

United States

64%

Japan

9   

Switzerland

7   

United Kingdom

4   

France

4   

Germany

1   

Netherlands

1   

Belgium

1   

Short-Term Reserves

9%

 

 

Investment Focus

 


1  S&P Health Sector Index.

2  Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3  Annualized.

4  For an explanation of R-squared, beta, and other terms used here, see the Glossary on page 25.

5  Sector percentages combine U.S. and international holdings.

6  “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.

 

9

 


Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): January 31, 1997–July 31, 2007

 


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

Inception Date

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Investor Shares2

5/23/1984

14.39%

12.18%

14.69%

Admiral Shares2

11/12/2001

14.48   

12.28   

10.073   

 

 

1  Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2  Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held less than one year, nor do they include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3  Return since inception.

Note: See Financial Highlights tables on pages 15 and 16 for dividend and capital gains information.

 

10

 


Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Common Stocks (91.3%)

 

 

United States (63.8%)

 

 

Biotechnology (8.5%)

 

 

*

Amgen, Inc.

9,989,355

536,828

*

Genzyme Corp.

6,919,340

436,403

*

Genentech, Inc.

5,250,000

390,495

*

Gilead Sciences, Inc.

6,799,696

253,153

*

Cephalon, Inc.

1,902,000

142,916

*

Vertex

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

4,209,400

135,964

*1

OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

3,680,000

118,643

*

Millennium

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

11,341,300

114,434

*

Biogen Idec Inc.

1,900,000

107,426

*

Amylin

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

400,000

18,604

*

Human Genome

 

 

 

Sciences, Inc.

1,038,500

8,059

 

 

 

2,262,925

Chemicals (0.8%)

 

 

 

Sigma-Aldrich Corp.

4,700,000

213,004

 

 

 

 

Food & Staples Retailing (1.4%)

 

 

Walgreen Co.

8,550,000

377,739

 

 

 

 

Health Care Equipment & Supplies (8.5%)

 

 

Medtronic, Inc.

12,614,900

639,197

 

Becton, Dickinson & Co.

6,900,000

526,884

*

St. Jude Medical, Inc.

9,300,900

401,241

 

Baxter International, Inc.

5,300,000

278,780

 

Beckman Coulter, Inc.

2,776,600

196,639

 

DENTSPLY

 

 

 

International Inc.

2,885,400

105,288

*

Hospira, Inc.

2,045,070

79,083

 

STERIS Corp.

850,000

23,248

 

 

 

2,250,360

Health Care Providers & Services (15.6%)

 

 

McKesson Corp.

14,400,000

831,744

 

 

11

 


 

 

Cardinal Health, Inc.

10,736,708

705,724

*

Humana Inc.

7,733,000

495,608

 

Quest Diagnostics, Inc.

5,335,400

295,955

 

CIGNA Corp.

5,500,000

284,020

 

UnitedHealth Group Inc.

5,700,000

276,051

*

WellPoint Inc.

3,502,400

263,100

*

Coventry Health Care Inc.

4,450,000

248,355

*

Laboratory Corp. of

 

 

 

America Holdings

2,767,360

204,369

*

Health Net Inc.

3,000,000

148,620

 

Universal Health Services

 

 

 

Class B

2,460,400

129,023

1

Health Management

 

 

 

Associates Class A

14,386,900

115,958

1

Owens & Minor, Inc.

 

 

 

Holding Co.

2,200,000

84,590

*

Medco Health

 

 

 

Solutions, Inc.

500,000

40,635

 

Aetna Inc.

600,000

28,842

 

 

 

4,152,594

Heath Care Technology (1.7%)

 

 

IMS Health, Inc.

8,347,400

234,812

*^1Cerner Corp.

4,200,000

222,054

 

 

 

456,866

Household Products (0.5%)

 

 

 

Colgate-Palmolive Co.

1,400,000

92,400

 

Kimberly-Clark Corp.

576,300

38,768

 

 

 

131,168

Insurance (0.1%)

 

 

 

Unum Group

1,056,300

25,668

 

 

 

 

Life Science Tools & Services (0.2%)

 

*1

PAREXEL

 

 

 

International Corp.

1,570,200

63,483

 

 

 

 

Machinery (0.4%)

 

 

 

Pall Corp.

2,404,600

99,839

 

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals (26.1%)

 

 

 

Schering-Plough Corp.

57,070,000

1,628,778

 

Eli Lilly & Co.

23,629,900

1,278,141

*1

Forest Laboratories, Inc.

26,901,500

1,081,440

 

Abbott Laboratories

14,100,000

714,729

 

Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.

15,100,000

428,991

 

Merck & Co., Inc.

8,291,200

411,658

 

Wyeth

8,250,000

400,290

 

Pfizer Inc.

14,911,570

350,571

 

Allergan, Inc.

4,200,000

244,146

 

Johnson & Johnson

3,300,000

199,650

1

Perrigo Co.

5,322,320

99,261

*

Watson

 

 

 

Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

2,200,000

66,924

*

Barr Pharmaceuticals Inc.

900,000

46,098

 

 

12

 


 

 

 

 

6,950,677

Total United States

 

16,984,323

International (27.5%)

 

 

 

Belgium (0.7%)

 

 

 

UCB SA

3,223,593

181,081

 

 

 

 

Canada (0.1%)

 

 

*

Axcan Pharma Inc.

1,146,900

20,964

 

 

 

 

Denmark (0.3%)

 

 

 

Novo Nordisk A/S B Shares

700,000

73,444

 

 

 

 

France (3.8%)

 

 

^Sanofi-Aventis

11,439,415

958,196

 

Ipsen Promesses

1,300,000

68,954

 

 

 

1,027,150

Germany (1.6%)

 

 

^Bayer AG

5,594,656

396,029

 

Fresenius Medical Care AG

661,950

31,195

 

 

 

427,224

Ireland (0.1%)

 

 

*

Elan Corp. PLC ADR

1,820,000

34,089

 

 

 

 

Japan (9.5%)

 

 

 

Takeda

 

 

 

Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.

10,400,000

677,470

 

Astellas Pharma Inc.

14,565,700

598,404

 

Eisai Co., Ltd.

9,653,700

407,262

 

Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.

13,538,300

374,076

 

Shionogi & Co., Ltd.

9,876,000

157,612

 

Chugai

 

 

 

Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

8,834,500

152,426

 

Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd.

6,850,000

80,232

 

Ono

 

 

 

Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

1,113,000

58,140

 

Olympus Corp.

700,000

28,693

 

Terumo Corp.

300,000

12,752

 

 

 

2,547,067

Netherlands (0.7%)

 

 

 

Akzo Nobel NV

2,300,000

189,423

 

 

 

 

Switzerland (6.8%)

 

 

 

Roche Holdings AG

6,123,977

1,084,595

 

Novartis AG (Registered)

13,219,880

713,077

 

 

 

1,797,672

United Kingdom (3.9%)

 

 

AstraZeneca Group PLC

14,781,500

763,952

AstraZeneca Group

 

 

PLC ADR

3,496,672

181,233

GlaxoSmithKline PLC ADR

1,642,381

83,893

 

 

1,029,078

Total International

 

7,327,192

 

 

13

 


 

Total Common Stocks

 

 

(Cost $15,129,386)

 

24,311,515

Temporary Cash Investments (9.4%)

 

Money Market Fund (0.6%)

 

 

2 Vanguard Market

 

 

Liquidity Fund,

 

 

5.302%—Note G

159,119,349

159,119

 

 

 

 

Face

 

 

Amount

 

 

($000)

 

Commercial Paper (1.6%)

 

 

General Electric Capital Corp.

 

5.286%, 8/27/07

210,000

209,205

General Electric Capital Corp.

 

5.289%, 8/28/07

210,000

209,170

 

 

418,375

Repurchase Agreements (7.2%)

 

Banc of America

 

 

5.290%, 8/1/07 (Dated

 

 

7/31/07, Repurchase Value

 

$301,344,000 collateralized

 

by Federal Home Loan

 

 

Mortgage Corp.,

 

 

5.000%, 7/1/35 and Federal

 

National Mortgage Assn.,

 

5.000%, 7/1/35)

301,300

301,300

Credit Suisse First Boston LLC

 

5.320%, 8/1/07 (Dated

 

 

7/31/07, Repurchase Value

 

$557,582,000 collateralized

 

by Federal National

 

 

Mortgage Assn.,

 

 

4.500%–7.750%,

 

 

3/1/08–7/1/37)

557,500

557,500

Deutsche Bank

 

 

5.310%, 8/1/07 (Dated

 

 

7/31/07, Repurchase Value

 

$630,493,000 collateralized

 

by Federal National

 

 

Mortgage Assn.,

 

 

4.500%–6.500%,

 

 

1/1/19–5/1/37)

630,400

630,400

 

 

14

 


 

Face

Market

 

Amount

Value

 

($000)

($000)

SBC Warburg Dillon Read

 

 

5.310%, 8/1/07 (Dated

 

 

7/31/07, Repurchase Value

 

 

$427,763,000 collateralized

 

 

by Federal Home Loan

 

 

Mortgage Corp., 6.000%,

 

 

7/1/34 and Federal National

 

 

Mortgage Assn.,

 

 

5.000%–6.000%,

 

 

2/1/19–5/1/37)

427,700

427,700

 

 

1,916,900

Total Temporary Cash Investments

 

(Cost $2,494,402)

 

2,494,394

Total Investments (100.7%)

 

 

(Cost $17,623,788)

 

26,805,909

Other Assets and Liabilities—

 

 

Net (–0.7%)

 

(207,470)

Net Assets (100%)

 

26,598,439

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statement of Assets and Liabilities

 

Assets

 

 

Investments in Securities, at Value

26,805,909

Receivables for Investment

 

 

Securities Sold

 

144,315

Other Assets—Note C

 

77,982

Total Assets

 

27,028,206

Liabilities

 

 

Security Lending Collateral

 

 

Payable to Brokers—Note G

 

159,119

Payables for Investment

 

 

Securities Purchased

 

165,083

Other Liabilities

 

105,565

Total Liabilities

 

429,767

Net Assets

 

26,598,439

 

 

15

 


At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of:3

 

Amount

 

($000)

Paid-in Capital

15,946,772

Undistributed Net Investment Income

317,084

Accumulated Net Realized Gains

1,152,253

Unrealized Appreciation

 

Investment Securities

9,182,121

Foreign Currencies

209

Net Assets

26,598,439

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 105,108,428 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

15,449,641

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Investor Shares

$146.99

 

 

 

 

Admiral Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 179,643,822 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

11,148,798

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Admiral Shares

$62.06

 

 

•  See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

*  Non-income-producing security.

^  Part of security position is on loan to broker-dealers. See Note G in Notes to Financial Statements.

1  Considered an affiliated company of the fund as the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of such company. See Note I in Notes to Financial Statements.

2  Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.

3  See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

ADR—American Depositary Receipt.

 

16

 


Statement of Operations

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends1,2

318,204

Interest

67,234

Security Lending

4,305

Total Income

389,743

Expenses

 

Investment Advisory Fees—Note B

10,887

The Vanguard Group—Note C

 

Management and Administrative

 

Investor Shares

13,216

Admiral Shares

4,927

Marketing and Distribution

 

Investor Shares

1,202

Admiral Shares

735

Custodian Fees

974

Shareholders’ Reports

 

Investor Shares

129

Admiral Shares

18

Trustees’ Fees and Expenses

17

Total Expenses

32,105

Expenses Paid Indirectly—Note D

(141)

Net Expenses

31,964

Net Investment Income

357,779

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

 

Investment Securities Sold2

1,152,292

Foreign Currencies

(1,139)

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

1,151,153

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

 

Investment Securities

(1,562,339)

Foreign Currencies

198

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

(1,562,141)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

(53,209)

 

 

1  Dividends are net of foreign withholding taxes of $12,214,000.

2  Dividend income and realized net gain (loss) from affiliated companies of the fund were $126,836,000 and $39,997,000, respectively.

 

17

 


Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

Year Ended

 

July 31,

 

January 31,

 

2007

 

2007

 

($000)

 

($000)

Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets

 

 

 

Operations

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

357,779

 

359,863

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

1,151,153

 

1,022,866

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

(1,562,141)

 

1,359,517

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

(53,209)

 

2,742,246

Distributions

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

 

 

 

Investor Shares

(15,236)

 

(231,097)

Admiral Shares

(11,502)

 

(155,419)

Realized Capital Gain1

 

 

 

Investor Shares

(231,561)

 

(747,621)

Admiral Shares

(156,652)

 

(459,182)

Total Distributions

(414,951)

 

(1,593,319)

Capital Share Transactions—Note H

 

 

 

Investor Shares

(960,614)

 

(1,240,502)

Admiral Shares

546,353

 

1,251,373

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

(414,261)

 

10,871

Total Increase (Decrease)

(882,421)

 

1,159,798

Net Assets

 

 

 

Beginning of Period

27,480,860

 

26,321,062

End of Period2

26,598,439

 

27,480,860

 

 

1  Includes fiscal 2008 and 2007 short-term gain distributions totaling $20,980,000 and $27,064,000, respectively. Short-term gain distributions are treated as ordinary income dividends for tax purposes.

2  Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of $317,084,000 and ($12,818,000).

 

18

 


Financial Highlights

 

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$149.69

$143.39

$123.84

$124.29

$94.35

$115.01

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

1.9491

1.953

1.753

1.272

.960

.947

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments

(2.381)

13.107

24.424

3.385

30.078

(14.124)

Total from Investment Operations

(.432)

15.060

26.177

4.657

31.038

(13.177)

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.140)

(2.100)

(1.542)

(1.112)

(.995)

(.955)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(2.128)

(6.660)

(5.085)

(3.995)

(.103)

(6.528)

Total Distributions

(2.268)

(8.760)

(6.627)

(5.107)

(1.098)

(7.483)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$146.99

$149.69

$143.39

$123.84

$124.29

$94.35

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

–0.30%

10.85%

21.49%

3.76%

32.99%

–11.65%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$15,450

$16,662

$17,198

$19,087

$18,340

$13,506

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.26%*

0.25%

0.25%

0.22%

0.28%

0.29%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

2.12%1,*

1.33%

1.29%

1.02%

0.91%

0.86%

Portfolio Turnover Rate

10%*

8%

14%

13%

13%

25%

 

 

1  Net investment income per share and the ratio of net investment income to average net assets include $0.68 and 0.44%, respectively, resulting from a special dividend from Health Management Associates Class A in March 2007.

2  Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% fee assessed until March 23, 2005, on shares purchased on or after April 19, 1999, and held for less than five years. Total returns do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

*  Annualized.

 

19

 


Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$63.19

$60.52

$52.25

$52.44

$39.80

$48.52

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.8491

.877

.779

.576

.447

.436

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments

(1.014)

5.542

10.328

1.431

12.696

(5.963)

Total from Investment Operations

(.165)

6.419

11.107

2.007

13.143

(5.527)

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.066)

(.938)

(.690)

(.511)

(.460)

(.438)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(.899)

(2.811)

(2.147)

(1.686)

(.043)

(2.755)

Total Distributions

(.965)

(3.749)

(2.837)

(2.197)

(.503)

(3.193)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$62.06

$63.19

$60.52

$52.25

$52.44

$39.80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

–0.27%

10.96%

21.62%

3.84%

33.12%

–11.58%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$11,149

$10,819

$9,123

$2,819

$2,492

$1,620

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.19%*

0.17%

0.14%

0.15%

0.19%

0.22%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

2.19%1,*

1.41%

1.40%

1.10%

0.98%

0.93%

Portfolio Turnover Rate

10%*

8%

14%

13%

13%

25%

 

 

1  Net investment income per share and the ratio of net investment income to average net assets include $0.286 and 0.44%, respectively, resulting from a special dividend from Health Management Associates Class A in March 2007.

2  Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions after March 23, 2005, of shares held for less than one year, or the 1% fee previously assessed on shares held for less than five years.

*  Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

20

 


Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard Health Care Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds. The fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers, which may subject it to investment risks not normally associated with investing in securities of United States corporations. The fund offers two classes of shares, Investor Shares and Admiral Shares. Investor Shares are available to any investor who meets the fund’s minimum purchase requirements. Admiral Shares are designed for investors who meet certain administrative, service, tenure, and account-size criteria.

 

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

 

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued at their fair values calculated according to procedures adopted by the board of trustees. These procedures include obtaining quotations from an independent pricing service, monitoring news to identify significant market- or security-specific events, and evaluating changes in the values of foreign market proxies (for example, ADRs, futures contracts, or exchange-traded funds), between the time the foreign markets close and the fund’s pricing time. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a fund to calculate its net asset value may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value. Temporary cash investments acquired over 60 days to maturity are valued using the latest bid prices or using valuations based on a matrix system (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities, and ratings), both as furnished by independent pricing services. Other temporary cash investments are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value.

 

2. Foreign Currency: Securities and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates obtained from an independent third party as of the fund’s pricing time on the valuation date. Realized gains (losses) and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investment securities include the effects of changes in exchange rates since the securities were purchased, combined with the effects of changes in security prices. Fluctuations in the value of other assets and liabilities resulting from changes in exchange rates are recorded as unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) until the assets or liabilities are settled in cash, at which time they are recorded as realized foreign currency gains (losses).

 

3. Repurchase Agreements: The fund may invest in repurchase agreements. Securities pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements are held by a custodian bank until the agreements mature. Each agreement requires that the market value of the collateral be sufficient to cover payments of interest and principal; however, in the event of default or bankruptcy by the other party to the agreement, retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings.

 

4. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

 

21

 


 

5. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

 

6. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

 

7. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income is accrued daily. Premiums and discounts on debt securities purchased are amortized and accreted, respectively, to interest income over the lives of the respective securities. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.

 

Each class of shares has equal rights as to assets and earnings, except that each class separately bears certain class-specific expenses related to maintenance of shareholder accounts (included in Management and Administrative expenses) and shareholder reporting. Marketing and distribution expenses are allocated to each class of shares based on a method approved by the board of trustees. Income, other non-class-specific expenses, and gains and losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.

 

B. Wellington Management Company, LLP, provides investment advisory services to the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, the investment advisory fee represented an effective annual rate of 0.08% of the fund’s average net assets.

 

C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $2,410,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 2.41% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

 

D. The fund has asked its investment advisor to direct certain security trades, subject to obtaining the best price and execution, to brokers who have agreed to rebate to the fund part of the commissions generated. Such rebates are used solely to reduce the fund’s management and administrative expenses. The fund’s custodian bank has also agreed to reduce its fees when the fund maintains cash on deposit in the non-interest-bearing custody account. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, these arrangements reduced the fund’s management and administrative expenses by $67,000 and custodian fees by $74,000.

 

E. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. The fund’s tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year.

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund realized net foreign currency losses of $1,139,000, which decreased distributable net income for tax purposes; accordingly such losses

 

22

 


have been reclassified from accumulated net realized gains to undistributed net investment income.

 

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $17,623,788,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $9,182,121,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $9,423,696,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $241,575,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.

 

F. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $1,242,176,000 of investment securities and sold $1,958,356,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

 

G. The market value of securities on loan to broker-dealers at July 31, 2007, was $153,448,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $159,119,000.

 

H. Capital share transactions for each class of shares were:

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

Year Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

January 31, 2007

 

Amount

Shares

 

Amount

Shares

 

($000)

(000)

 

($000)

(000)

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

 

Issued

351,569

2,310

 

753,042

5,236

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

236,784

1,602

 

937,568

6,521

Redeemed1

(1,548,967)

(10,113)

 

(2,931,112)

(20,390)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Investor Shares

(960,614)

(6,201)

 

(1,240,502)

(8,633)

Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

 

Issued

911,181

14,020

 

1,638,889

26,900

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

153,267

2,457

 

560,409

9,227

Redeemed1

(518,095)

(8,054)

 

(947,925)

(15,636)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Admiral Shares

546,353

8,423

 

1,251,373

20,491

 

 

1  Net of redemption fees of $180,000 and $745,000 (fund totals).

 

23

 


I. Certain of the fund’s investments are in companies that are considered to be affiliated companies of the fund because the fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding voting securities of the company. Transactions during the period in securities of these companies were as follows:

 

 

 

Current Period Transactions

 

 

Jan. 31, 2007

 

Proceeds from

 

July 31, 2007

 

Market

Purchases

Securities

Dividend

Market

 

Value

at Cost

Sold

Income

Value

 

($000)

($000)

($000)

($000)

($000)

Cerner Corp.

188,706

222,054

Forest Laboratories, Inc.

1,122,284

312,444

16,365

1,081,440

Health Management Associates

 

 

 

 

 

Class A

240,925

16,253

123,869

115,958

Humana, Inc.

468,032

43,772

n/a1

McKesson Corp.

825,100

22,491

1,740

n/a1

OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

n/a2

127,228

118,643

Owens & Minor, Inc. Holding Co.

73,590

748

84,590

PAREXEL International Corp.

51,424

63,483

Perrigo Co.

91,970

479

99,261

 

3,062,031

 

 

126,836

1,785,430

 

J. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (tax years ended January 31, 2005–2007) for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

1  At July 31, 2007, the security was still held but the issuer was no longer an affiliated company of the fund.

2  At January 31, 2007, the issuer was not an affiliated company of the fund.

 

24

 


About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

 

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

 

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

 

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

 

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

 

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

Health Care Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period1

Based on Actual Fund Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$997.03

$1.29

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

997.31

0.94

Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,023.51

$1.30

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

1,023.85

0.95

 

1  These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratios for that period are 0.26% for Investor Shares and 0.19% for Admiral Shares. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

25

 


Note that the expenses shown in the table on page 21 are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transacton costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include the 1% fee on redemptions of shares held for less than one year, nor do they include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”

 

The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

 

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to your fund’s current prospectus.

 

26

 


Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard Health Care Fund approved an amended investment advisory agreement with Wellington Management Company, LLP, effective May 1, 2007. The amended agreement contains a new advisory fee schedule that increases the advisory fee paid to Wellington Management. The board determined that retaining Wellington Management and amending the fee schedule were in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

 

The board based its decision upon an evaluation of Wellington Management’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

 

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of investment management to the fund over both the short and long term and the organizational depth and stability of the advisory firm. The board noted that Wellington Management, with over 75 years of investment management experience, subadvises a broad range of mandates—including both equity and fixed income strategies—for institutional clients worldwide. Edward P. Owens has managed the Health Care Fund since its inception in 1984. He is aided by a team of five experienced health care analysts. The advisor’s health care team utilizes intensive fundamental analysis to identify companies with high-quality balance sheets, strong management, and the potential for new products that may lead to above-average growth in revenue and earnings. The advisor invests in stocks broadly representing the health care industry, seeking to maintain exposure across five primary subsectors: health services, medical products, specialty pharmaceuticals, major pharmaceuticals, and international markets.

 

The board concluded that the existing advisory fee schedule should be adjusted to reflect the fair market value of Wellington Management’s services and the firm’s need to maintain an expanded portfolio management team to manage a large fund in this market segment. The new fee arrangement will enable Wellington Management to enhance the organizational depth and stability of the fund’s portfolio management team by retaining top investment talent and by hiring new investment professionals on an as-needed basis. A full discussion of the board’s decision to amend Wellington Management’s advisory agreement, including the terms of the agreement, appeared in the fund’s annual report for the year ended January 31, 2007.

 

Investment performance

The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of a relevant benchmark and peer group. The board concluded that the fund, under Wellington Management, has consistently outperformed both the Standard & Poor’s Health Sector Index and the fund’s peer group since the fund’s inception. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

 

27

 


Cost

The board considered the cost of services to be provided, including consideration of competitive fee rates and the fact that, after the implementation of the amended agreement, the fund’s advisory fee remains below the average fee for its peer group. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate. The board did not consider profitability of Wellington Management in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because Wellington Management is independent of Vanguard, and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.

 

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedule. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.

 

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory agreement again after a one-year period.

 

28

 


Glossary

 

Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.

 

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

 

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

 

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

 

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

 

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

 

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

 

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

 

R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.

 

29

 


Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past

five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

 

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

 

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

 

Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.

 

30

 


 

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The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

 

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

 

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

 

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive

Trustee since May 1987;

Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each of the investment

Chairman of the Board and

companies served by The Vanguard Group.

Chief Executive Officer

 

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono ventures

Trustee since January 2001

in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international business strategy

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business

 

at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.

 

 

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, and

Trustee since December 20012

Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified

 

manufacturing and services) since 2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the

 

Chemical Heritage Foundation.

 

 

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the University of

Trustee since June 2006

Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts and Sciences, Annenberg School

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

for Communication, and Graduate School of Education of the University of Pennsylvania

 

since 2004; Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Politics and

 

the University Center for Human Values (1990–2004), Princeton University; Director of

 

Carnegie Corporation of New York since 2005 and of Schuylkill River Development

 

Corporation and Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

 

 


JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice President and

Trustee since July 1998

Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President and Chief Information

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson &

 

Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products); Director of the University Medical

 

Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute.

 

 

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of Finance

Trustee since December 2004

and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman

 

of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003; Chair of the Investment Committee of

 

HighVista Strategies LLC (private investment firm) since 2005.

 

 

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief Executive

Trustee since January 1993

Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

of Goodrich Corporation (industrial products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief Executive

Trustee since April 1985

Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines) and

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University

 

and of Culver Educational Foundation.

 

 

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard Group, Inc.;

Treasurer since July 1998

Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of The Vanguard

Secretary since July 2005

Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since 2005; Secretary of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

The Vanguard Group, and of each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard

 

Group, since 2005; Principal of The Vanguard Group (1997–2006).

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Founder

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

John C. Bogle

 

 

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

 

 

 

1  Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2  December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 

 



P.O. Box 2600

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

Vanguard, Admiral, Connect with Vanguard, and the

 

ship logo are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc.

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

 

 

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

respective owners.

 

 

Text Telephone for People

 

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

 

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

 

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

This material may be used in conjunction

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by calling

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may

the fund’s current prospectus.

obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies for

 

securities it owned during the 12 months ended June 30.

 

To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com

 

or www.sec.gov.

 

 

 

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C.

 

To find out more about this public service, call the SEC

 

at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is also

 

available on the SEC’s website, and you can receive

 

copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a

 

request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

 

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

 

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

 

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q522 092007




 

 

 

Vanguard® REIT Index

 

 

> Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


>

Vanguard REIT Index Fund’s Investor Shares returned –20.4% for the six months

 

ended July 31, 2007.

 

>

The fund closely tracked the equally poor performance of its target benchmark.

 

Both fell shy of the average return of the fund’s peer group.

 

>

All real estate investment trust (REIT) segments posted decidedly negative

 

returns. Residential and specialty REITs (primarily hospitals and hotels)

 

detracted the most from returns. Industrial REITs, the smallest component of

 

the index, posted the best relative results.

 

 

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Fund Profile

7

Performance Summary

8

Financial Statements

9

About Your Fund’s Expenses

22

Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangement

24

Glossary

25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 

 


Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard REIT Index Fund

 

 

Investor Shares

VGSIX

–20.4%

Admiral™ Shares1

VGSLX

–20.3

Signal™ Shares2

VGRSX

–15.23

Institutional Shares4

VGSNX

–20.3

ETF Shares5

VNQ

 

Market Price

 

–20.5

Net Asset Value

 

–20.3

Target REIT Composite6

 

–20.4

MSCI® US REIT Index

 

–20.8

Average Real Estate Fund7

 

–17.2

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

 

 

 

 

 

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Starting

Ending

Distributions Per Share

 

 

Share

Share

Income

Capital

Return of

 

Price

Price

Dividends

Gains

Capital

Vanguard REIT Index Fund

 

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$27.76

$21.71

$0.440

$0.000

$0.000

Admiral Shares

118.46

92.66

1.922

0.000

0.000

Signal Shares

29.538

24.73

0.336

0.000

0.000

Institutional Shares

18.33

14.34

0.299

0.000

0.000

ETF Shares

83.55

65.33

1.359

0.000

0.000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 A lower-cost class of shares available to many longtime shareholders and to those with significant investments in the fund.

2 Signal Shares also carry lower costs and are available to institutional shareholders who meet certain administrative, service, and account-size criteria.

3 Return since the share-class inception on June 5, 2007.

4 This class of shares also carries low expenses and is available for a minimum investment of $5 million.

5 Vanguard ETFTM Shares are traded on the American Stock Exchange and are available only through brokers. The table shows the ETF returns based on both the AMEX market price and the net asset value for a share. U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,964 B2.

6 The Target REIT Composite consists of the MSCI US REIT Index adjusted to include a 2% cash position (Lipper Money Market Average).

7 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

8 Price at the share-class inception on June 5, 2007.

 

1

 



 

Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

The fiscal half-year ended July 31, 2007, brought a sharp downturn in the commercial real estate market, where numerous REITs had registered outstanding gains over the past several years. The reversal, which was inevitable at some point, was due to a combination of rising interest rates and investors’ anticipation of an overall slowdown in the demand for real estate.

Against this challenging backdrop, the Investor Shares of Vanguard REIT Index Fund posted a return of –20.4% for the six months. The fund was outpaced by the average return for its peers but, as expected, was in line with the result of its benchmark, the Target REIT Composite.

As of July 31, the fund’s Investor Shares yielded 4.4%, and the Admiral, Signal, Institutional, and ETF Shares yielded 4.5%. Please note that these yield figures are not comparable to dividends paid by other stock funds, because REITs must distribute at least 90% of their taxable income, minus expenses, to shareholders. The figures also include some payments that represent capital gains and returns of capital by the underlying REITs; each REIT determines these amounts at the end of its fiscal year.

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the past six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

 


recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed their value-oriented counterparts. International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

 

Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5

12.1

16.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9

16.8

13.1

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8

28.5

22.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2

4.3

4.5

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5

5.1

2.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

 

3

 


Negative returns closed the door on REITs’ lengthy ascent

The same credit-related turmoil that troubled the broad stock market also affected the performance of many REITs, particularly in the final weeks of the half-year. Among investors, a leading concern was that the rash of mergers and acquisitions—which had united a number of REITs over the past few years and fueled expectations that more deals might follow—would end as financing to complete deals became harder to obtain. Further intensifying concerns were hints that the residential subprime mortgage crisis would negatively impact residential REITs and might have a spillover effect on the commercial real estate market.

The –20.4% return of the REIT Index Fund’s Investor Shares erased some of the impressive gains achieved over the previous several years. Although the fund’s return was in line with that of its target benchmark, it trailed the average result of its peers by roughly 3 percentage points. The fund’s performance lagged most in the final two months (–16.3%) as growing investor unease caused volatile day-to-day movements in equity markets.

The weakness in the REIT industry was consistent throughout the categories the index encompasses—retail, office, residential, specialized, industrial, and diversified. Stocks of retail REITs, the largest index constituent (more than one-quarter of assets) posted weak results amid fears that consumer spending—an important driver of their success—would diminish in an unsettled economic environment. Top-ten holdings Simon Property Group and General Growth Properties each lost more than –20% for the period, and all of the fund’s other retail REITs also recorded negative returns.

Among office REITs, the story was similar. Top-ten holding Boston Properties declined nearly –25%, while all of the fund’s other office REITs turned in negative results. Although office vacancy rates in and around major U.S. cities have been falling and rents rising thanks to high demand, concerns about higher financing costs and reduced prospects for acquisitions within the business combined to put a dent in many stocks’ prices.

All of the index’s residential REIT stocks also fell during the period. These REITs, which primarily develop and manage multi-unit apartment buildings and condominiums, languished because of the softness in the residential real estate market. Around the country, the pace of luxury apartment and condominium development in major cities has fallen because of the weakening housing outlook. Top-ten holdings Equity Residential and AvalonBay Communities saw especially deep drops in their stock prices.

Specialized REITs, which develop and manage hospitals, storage facilities, and hotels, also posted disappointing returns as a group. Top-ten holdings Host Hotels & Resorts and Public Storage were weak performers, and most of the fund’s stocks in the category posted negative

 

 

4

 


returns. Industrial REITs, the smallest segment of the index, posted the best relative returns, but were still in the red. Diversified REITs, which cross multiple lines, were also in the red as a group.

Despite its disappointing result in the recent period, the fund’s long-term strengths remain intact: the talents of Vanguard’s Quantitative Equity Group, which has more than 20 years’ experience developing and implementing sophisticated indexing techniques, and the fund’s extremely low costs, an important ongoing contributor to its ability to capture the majority of the target index’s return.

 

Resist the urge to change, even during weak markets

This period of weak performance for the fund may lead some investors to question the value of REITs in their portfolio. That is a typical reaction when an investment that had been performing well for a long time suddenly changes course. However, a six-month period is a mere tick of the clock for long-term investors, for whom the REIT Index Fund is best-suited.

As a portfolio diversifier, REITs give you access to an asset class that tends to move somewhat independently of the broad market. Although REITs’ red-hot performance in recent years may have led some investors to be less cognizant of their potential risks, this period’s weak

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

 

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Investor

Admiral

Signal

Institutional

ETF

Real Estate

 

Shares

Shares

Shares

Shares

Shares

Fund

REIT Index Fund

0.20%

0.11%

0.11%2

0.09%

0.11%

1.55%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Fund expense ratio reflects the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

2 Annualized since the share-class inception on June 5, 2007.

 

 

5

 


results provide a valuable reminder that successful long-term investing requires patience through tough times.

With concerns continuing to unfold in the residential real estate market, additional spillover into the commercial real estate market is clearly a possibility, which might make for a bumpy ride in subsequent periods. However, if you maintain a balanced and broadly diversified portfolio of stock, bond, and money market funds, you will be better positioned to weather a variety of market types, especially when a particular market segment or asset class endures a rough stretch.

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

Sincerely,


John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 13, 2007

 

Vanguard REIT ETF

 

 

 

 

Premium/Discount: September 23, 20041–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Market Price Above or

Market Price Below

 

Equal to Net Asset Value

 

Net Asset Value

 

Number

Percentage

Number

Percentage

Basis Point Differential2

of Days

of Total Days

of Days

of Total Days

0–24.9

340

47.28%

369

51.32%

25–49.9

5

0.70

4

0.56

50–74.9

0

0.00

0

0.00

75–100.0

0

0.00

0

0.00

> 100.0

1

0.14

0

0.00

Total

346

48.12%

373

51.88%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 One basis point equals 1/100 of a percentage point.

 

6

 


Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

101

99

4,902

Median Market Cap

$5.6B

$5.6B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

34.1x

34.1x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

2.4x

2.4x

2.7x

Yield

 

4.6

1.8

Investor Shares

4.4%3

 

 

Admiral Shares

4.5%3

 

 

Signal Shares

4.5%3

 

 

Institutional Shares

4.5%3

 

 

ETF Shares

4.5%3

 

 

Return on Equity

8.4%

8.4%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

1.4%

1.4%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

18%4

Expense Ratio

 

Investor Shares

0.20%4

 

 

Admiral Shares

0.11%4

 

 

Signal Shares

0.11%4

 

 

Institutional Shares

0.09%4

 

 

ETF Shares

0.11%4

 

 

Short-Term Reserves

2%

 

Fund Allocation by REIT Type (% of portfolio)

 

 

Retail

26%

Specialized

20

Residential

19

Office

16

Diversified

9

Industrial

8

Short-Term Reserves

2%

 

Volatility Measures5

 

 

Fund Versus

Fund Versus

 

Target Index6

Broad Index2

R-Squared

1.00

0.37

Beta

1.00

1.23

 

 


Ten Largest Holdings7 (% of total net assets)

 

 

Simon Property Group, Inc. REIT

6.5%

Vornado Realty Trust REIT

5.0

ProLogis REIT

4.8

Archstone-Smith Trust REIT

4.3

Equity Residential REIT

4.0

Host Hotels & Resorts Inc. REIT

3.9

Boston Properties, Inc. REIT

3.8

General Growth Properties Inc. REIT

3.6

Public Storage, Inc. REIT

3.1

Avalonbay Communities, Inc. REIT

2.9

Top Ten

41.9%

 

 

Investment Focus

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 MSCI US REIT Index.

2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3 This yield may include some payments that represent a return of capital, capital gains distributions, or both by the underlying REITs. These amounts are determined by each REIT at the end of its fiscal year.

4 Annualized.

5 For an explanation of R-squared, beta, and other terms used here, see the Glossary on page 25.

6 The Target REIT Composite consists of the MSCI US REIT Index adjusted to include a 2% cash position (Lipper Money Market Average).

7 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.

 

7

 


Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): January 31, 1997–July 31, 2007

 


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

Inception Date

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Investor Shares3

5/13/1996

11.76%

18.13%

12.87%

Admiral Shares3

11/12/2001

11.88

18.22

19.854

Signal Shares3

6/05/2007

–8.954

Institutional Shares3

12/2/2003

11.90

19.604

ETF Shares

9/23/2004

 

 

 

Market Price

 

11.74

20.054

Net Asset Value

 

11.89

20.134

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2 The Target REIT Composite consists of the MSCI US REIT Index adjusted to include a 2% cash position (Lipper Money Market Average).

3 Total return figures do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held less than one year; nor do they include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

4 Return since inception.

Note: See Financial Highlights tables on pages 14–18 for dividend and capital gains information.

 

8

 


Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Real Estate Investment Trusts (98.5%)

 

Diversified REITs (9.3%)

 

 

Vornado Realty Trust REIT

4,401,030

471,042

Liberty Property Trust REIT

2,917,282

109,427

Crescent

 

 

Real Estate, Inc. REIT

3,148,988

71,104

Spirit Finance Corp. REIT

3,468,432

50,396

Colonial Properties

 

 

Trust REIT

1,411,446

48,822

Washington REIT

1,452,167

43,333

Cousins

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

1,247,520

32,074

PS Business

 

 

Parks, Inc. REIT

515,376

26,336

^Investors Real Estate

 

 

Trust REIT

1,447,208

13,922

Capital Lease

 

 

Funding, Inc. REIT

1,404,280

13,018

 

 

879,474

Industrial REITs (8.3%)

 

 

ProLogis REIT

7,983,184

454,243

AMB Property Corp. REIT

3,190,920

170,012

First Industrial Realty

 

 

Trust REIT

1,445,975

55,974

DCT Industrial

 

 

Trust Inc. REIT

5,431,540

53,229

EastGroup

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

763,643

31,493

First Potomac REIT

776,118

15,204

 

 

780,155

Office REITs (16.1%)

 

 

Boston

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

3,769,003

356,133

SL Green Realty Corp. REIT

1,885,404

228,926

Duke Realty

 

 

Corp. REIT

4,362,685

142,616

Mack-Cali Realty

 

 

Corp. REIT

2,169,848

83,756

 

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Alexandria Real Estate

 

 

Equities, Inc. REIT

944,385

81,340

Douglas Emmett, Inc. REIT

2,968,347

68,450

Kilroy Realty Corp. REIT

1,044,970

67,327

Brandywine Realty

 

 

Trust REIT

2,704,827

65,240

HRPT Properties

 

 

Trust REIT

6,776,310

63,359

Highwood

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

1,718,363

55,898

Digital Realty

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

1,574,083

52,181

Corporate Office Properties

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

1,312,479

49,467

BioMed Realty

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

2,113,102

46,150

Lexington Realty Trust REIT

2,107,143

39,762

American Financial Realty

 

 

Trust REIT

4,206,137

36,888

Maguire

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

1,212,688

34,695

^Franklin Street Properties

 

 

Corp. REIT

1,598,152

24,532

Parkway

 

 

Properties Inc. REIT

499,435

20,267

 

 

1,516,987

Residential REITs (18.9%)

 

 

Archstone-Smith

 

 

Trust REIT

7,045,474

404,481

Equity Residential REIT

9,424,880

375,204

Avalonbay

 

 

Communities, Inc. REIT

2,535,976

273,809

Apartment Investment

 

 

& Management Co.

 

 

Class A REIT

3,113,035

131,526

UDR, Inc. REIT

4,345,537

100,338

Camden Property

 

 

Trust REIT

1,820,437

100,051

Essex Property

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

804,397

86,537

 

 

 

9

 


 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

 

BRE Properties Inc.

 

 

 

Class A REIT

1,627,177

82,221

 

Post Properties, Inc. REIT

1,405,717

61,908

 

Home Properties, Inc. REIT

1,062,886

49,212

 

Mid-America Apartment

 

 

 

Communities, Inc. REIT

750,726

33,880

 

Equity Lifestyle

 

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

728,876

33,062

 

American Campus

 

 

 

Communities, Inc. REIT

738,978

18,881

 

Sun Communities, Inc. REIT

556,094

15,137

 

Education Realty

 

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

857,581

11,277

 

GMH Communities

 

 

 

Trust REIT

1,271,257

10,679

 

 

 

1,788,203

Retail REITs (26.4%)

 

 

 

Simon Property

 

 

 

Group, Inc. REIT

7,138,932

617,732

 

General Growth

 

 

 

Properties Inc. REIT

7,013,025

336,485

 

Kimco Realty Corp. REIT

7,254,414

270,807

 

The Macerich Co. REIT

2,316,784

169,473

 

Developers Diversified

 

 

 

Realty Corp. REIT

3,513,310

168,639

 

Regency Centers

 

 

 

Corp. REIT

2,223,211

144,220

 

Federal Realty Investment

 

 

 

Trust REIT

1,783,806

134,035

 

Weingarten Realty

 

 

 

Investors REIT

2,485,374

90,990

 

Taubman Co. REIT

1,707,750

82,126

 

^Realty Income Corp. REIT

3,221,261

75,603

 

CBL & Associates

 

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

2,003,212

63,882

 

Pennsylvania REIT

1,189,769

46,330

 

^National Retail

 

 

 

Properties REIT

2,105,871

45,613

 

Tanger Factory Outlet

 

 

 

Centers, Inc. REIT

1,000,776

33,456

 

Inland Real Estate

 

 

 

Corp. REIT

2,078,099

31,421

 

Equity One, Inc. REIT

1,179,751

27,229

 

Glimcher Realty Trust REIT

1,186,494

25,225

*

Alexander's, Inc. REIT

64,856

22,965

 

Acadia Realty Trust REIT

973,882

22,428

 

Cedar Shopping

 

 

 

Centers, Inc. REIT

1,386,981

17,434

 

Ramco-Gershenson

 

 

 

Properties Trust REIT

534,812

17,221

 

Kite Realty Group

 

 

 

Trust REIT

929,486

14,835

 

Saul Centers, Inc. REIT

334,406

14,503

 

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Getty Realty Holding

 

 

Corp. REIT

558,545

14,075

Urstadt Biddle Properties

 

 

Class A REIT

579,917

8,757

Urstadt Biddle

 

 

Properties REIT

26,988

449

 

 

2,495,933

Specialized REITs (19.5%)

 

 

Host Hotels

 

 

& Resorts Inc. REIT

17,414,906

367,803

Public Storage, Inc. REIT

4,117,674

288,608

Health Care Properties

 

 

Investors REIT

6,475,871

176,403

Ventas, Inc. REIT

4,185,990

136,547

Hospitality Properties

 

 

Trust REIT

3,003,245

115,204

^Health Care Inc. REIT

2,538,828

93,200

Nationwide Health

 

 

Properties, Inc. REIT

2,726,169

64,965

Strategic Hotels and

 

 

Resorts, Inc. REIT

2,432,757

51,769

LaSalle Hotel

 

 

Properties REIT

1,289,682

51,626

DiamondRock

 

 

Hospitality Co. REIT

2,838,279

47,797

Senior Housing Properties

 

 

Trust REIT

2,697,621

46,615

Sunstone Hotel

 

 

Investors, Inc. REIT

1,861,881

46,212

FelCor Lodging

 

 

Trust, Inc. REIT

1,900,776

41,741

Equity Inns, Inc. REIT

1,765,587

39,478

Entertainment Properties

 

 

Trust REIT

854,273

38,058

Ashford Hospitality

 

 

Trust REIT

3,562,005

36,404

Healthcare Realty

 

 

Trust Inc. REIT

1,542,656

35,820

Sovran Self

 

 

Storage, Inc. REIT

649,509

27,994

Omega Healthcare

 

 

Investors, Inc. REIT

2,139,066

27,658

Extra Space

 

 

Storage Inc. REIT

1,966,278

27,607

National Health

 

 

Investors REIT

761,086

24,050

U-Store-It Trust REIT

1,572,325

22,500

^Medical Properties

 

 

Trust Inc. REIT

1,587,177

17,776

LTC Properties, Inc. REIT

606,709

12,177

Universal Health Realty

 

 

Income REIT

361,468

10,573

 

 

1,848,585

Total Real Estate Investment Trusts

 

(Cost $7,277,755)

 

9,309,337

 

10

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Temporary Cash Investments (2.0%)

 

1 Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

Fund, 5.302%

154,581,865

154,582

1 Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

Fund, 5.302%—Note E

38,031,300

38,031

Total Temporary Cash Investments

 

(Cost $192,613)

 

192,613

Total Investments (100.5%)

 

 

(Cost $7,470,368)

 

9,501,950

Other Assets and Liabilities (–0.5%)

 

Other Assets—Note B

 

52,781

Liabilities—Note E

 

(98,906)

 

 

(46,125)

Net Assets (100%)

 

9,455,825

 

At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of: 2

 

 

Amount

 

($000)

Paid-in Capital

7,634,117

Overdistributed Net Investment Income

(51,586)

Accumulated Net Realized Losses

(158,288)

Unrealized Appreciation

2,031,582

Net Assets

9,455,825

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 218,311,696 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

4,740,475

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Investor Shares

$21.71

 

 

 

 

Admiral Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 26,928,942 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

2,495,213

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Admiral Shares

$92.66

 

 

 

 

Signal Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 465,606 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

11,517

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Signal Shares

$24.73

 

 

 

 

Institutional Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 53,071,611 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

761,091

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Institutional Shares

$14.34

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

ETF Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 22,157,556 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

1,447,529

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

ETF Shares

$65.33

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

* Non-income-producing security.

^ Part of security position is on loan to broker-dealers. See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements.

1 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.

2 See Note C in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

 

 

11

 


Statement of Operations

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends

167,793

Interest1

6,018

Security Lending

74

Total Income

173,885

Expenses

 

The Vanguard Group—Note B

 

Investment Advisory Services

141

Management and Administrative

 

Investor Shares

5,272

Admiral Shares

1,432

Signal Shares

1

Institutional Shares

263

ETF Shares

664

Marketing and Distribution

 

Investor Shares

736

Admiral Shares

285

Signal Shares

Institutional Shares

112

ETF Shares

211

Custodian Fees

53

Shareholders’ Reports

 

Investor Shares

68

Admiral Shares

4

Signal Shares

Institutional Shares

3

ETF Shares

28

Trustees’ Fees and Expenses

8

Total Expenses

9,281

Net Investment Income

164,604

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

 

Investment Securities Sold

226,416

Capital Gain Distributions Received

46,903

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

273,319

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investment Securities

(3,039,925)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

(2,602,002)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Interest income from an affiliated company of the fund was $6,018,000.

 

12


 

Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31,

January 31,

 

2007

2007

 

($000)

($000)

Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets

 

 

Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

164,604

226,677

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

273,319

617,561

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

(3,039,925)

2,406,468

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

(2,602,002)

3,250,706

Distributions

 

 

Net Investment Income

 

 

Investor Shares

(104,595)

(121,669)

Admiral Shares

(55,954)

(59,953)

Signal Shares

(55)

Institutional Shares

(15,641)

(17,265)

ETF Shares

(29,904)

(30,789)

Realized Capital Gain1

 

 

Investor Shares

(94,471)

Admiral Shares

(46,021)

Signal Shares

Institutional Shares

(13,057)

ETF Shares

(23,098)

Return of Capital

 

 

Investor Shares

(25,625)

Admiral Shares

(12,511)

Signal Shares

Institutional Shares

(3,585)

ETF Shares

(6,407)

Total Distributions

(206,149)

(454,451)

Capital Share Transactions—Note F

 

 

Investor Shares

(658,802)

596,373

Admiral Shares

(145,633)

650,765

Signal Shares

12,705

Institutional Shares

10,627

182,463

ETF Shares

153,187

471,824

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

(627,916)

1,901,425

Total Increase (Decrease)

(3,436,067)

4,697,680

Net Assets

 

 

Beginning of Period

12,891,892

8,194,212

End of Period2

9,455,825

12,891,892

 

 

 

1 Includes fiscal 2008 and 2007 short-term gain distributions totaling $0 and $6,611,000, respectively. Short-term gain distributions are treated as ordinary income dividends for tax purposes.

2 Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of ($51,586,000) and ($10,041,000).

 

13

 


Financial Highlights

 

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six

 

 

 

 

 

 

Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$27.76

$21.29

$17.20

$15.83

$11.52

$12.10

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.34

.530

.562

.563

.579

.606

Net Realized and Unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gain (Loss) on Investments1

(5.95)

7.000

4.692

1.759

4.511

(.426)

Total from Investment Operations

(5.61)

7.530

5.254

2.322

5.090

.180

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.44)

(.534)

(.568)

(.565)

(.678)

(.667)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(.413)

(.530)

(.387)

Return of Capital

(.113)

(.066)

(.102)

(.093)

Total Distributions

(.44)

(1.060)

(1.164)

(.952)

(.780)

(.760)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$21.71

$27.76

$21.29

$17.20

$15.83

$11.52

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

–20.39%

36.32%

31.43%

14.78%

45.39%

1.20%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$4,740

$6,827

$4,727

$4,311

$3,383

$1,734

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.20%*

0.21%

0.21%

0.21%

0.24%

0.27%

Ratio of Net Investment

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income to Average Net Assets

2.70%*

2.27%

2.91%

3.44%

4.10%

4.90%

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

18%*

11%

17%

13%

7%

12%

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes increases from redemption fees of $0.01, $0.00, $0.01, $0.01, $0.00, and $0.01.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year; nor do they include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF Creation Units.

* Annualized.

 

14

 


Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six

 

 

 

 

 

 

Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

 

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$118.46

$90.82

$73.40

$67.56

$49.14

$51.65

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

1.512

2.328

2.460

2.437

2.508

2.619

Net Realized and Unrealized

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gain (Loss) on Investments1

(25.390)

29.903

19.993

7.494

19.279

(1.854)

Total from Investment Operations

(23.878)

32.231

22.453

9.931

21.787

.765

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(1.922)

(2.341)

(2.488)

(2.439)

(2.931)

(2.878)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(1.761)

(2.258)

(1.652)

Return of Capital

(.489)

(.287)

(.436)

(.397)

Total Distributions

(1.922)

(4.591)

(5.033)

(4.091)

(3.367)

(3.275)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$92.66

$118.46

$90.82

$73.40

$67.56

$49.14

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

–20.34%

36.46%

31.49%

14.82%

45.57%

1.19%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$2,495

$3,392

$2,025

$938

$733

$320

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.11%*

0.14%

0.14%

0.16%

0.18%

0.21%

Ratio of Net Investment

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income to Average Net Assets

2.79%*

2.34%

2.98%

3.49%

4.16%

4.99%

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

18%*

11%

17%

13%

7%

12%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Includes increases from redemption fees of $0.05, $0.02, $0.02, $0.04, $0.01, and $0.03.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF Creation Units.

* Annualized.

 

15

 


Signal Shares

 

 

June 5, 20071 to

For a Share Outstanding Throughout the Period

July 31, 2007

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$29.53

Investment Operations

 

Net Investment Income

.012

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments2

(4.476)

Total from Investment Operations

(4.464)

Distributions

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.336)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

Return of Capital

Total Distributions

(.336)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$24.73

 

 

 

 

Total Return3

–15.21%

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$12

Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets

0.11%*

Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets

2.79%*

Portfolio Turnover Rate4

18%*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Includes increase from redemption fees of $0.01.

3 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year.

4 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF Creation Units.

* Annualized.

 

16

 


Institutional Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Six Months

 

 

 

Dec. 2,

 

Ended

 

20031 to

 

July 31,

Year Ended January 31,

Jan. 31,

For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$18.33

$14.06

$11.36

$10.46

$10.00

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.235

.366

.385

.381

.065

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss)

 

 

 

 

 

on Investments

(3.926)

4.621

3.099

1.156

.575

Total from Investment Operations

(3.691)

4.987

3.484

1.537

.640

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.299)

(.368)

(.389)

(.381)

(.157)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(.273)

(.350)

(.256)

Return of Capital

(.076)

(.045)

(.023)

Total Distributions

(.299)

(.717)

(.784)

(.637)

(.180)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$14.34

$18.33

$14.06

$11.36

$10.46

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

–20.32%

36.45%

31.58%

14.81%

6.49%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$761

$960

$571

$297

$63

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.09%*

0.10%

0.10%

0.13%

0.15%*

Ratio of Net Investment Income

 

 

 

 

 

to Average Net Assets

2.81%*

2.38%

3.02%

3.52%

4.19%*

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

18%*

11%

17%

13%

7%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Total returns do not reflect the 1% fee assessed on redemptions of shares held for less than one year.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF Creation Units.

* Annualized.

 

17

 


ETF Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sept. 23,

 

Six Months

 

20041 to

 

Ended

Year Ended

 

 

July 31,

January 31,

Jan. 31,

For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$83.55

$64.07

$51.77

$49.41

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

1.066

1.654

1.745

.665

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments2

(17.927)

21.080

14.116

2.965

Total from Investment Operations

(16.861)

22.734

15.861

3.630

Distributions

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(1.359)

(1.665)

(1.764)

(.682)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

(1.242)

(1.594)

(.588)

Return of Capital

(.347)

(.203)

Total Distributions

(1.359)

(3.254)

(3.561)

(1.270)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$65.33

$83.55

$64.07

$51.77

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return

–20.35%

36.48%

31.54%

7.13%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$1,448

$1,713

$871

$198

Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets

0.11%*

0.12%

0.12%

0.18%*

Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets

2.79%*

2.36%

3.00%

3.47%*

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

18%*

11%

17%

13%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Includes increases from redemption fees of $0.03, $0.01, $0.01, and $0.00.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF Creation Units.

* Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

18

 


Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard REIT Index Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds. The fund offers five classes of shares: Investor Shares, Admiral Shares, Signal Shares, Institutional Shares, and ETF Shares. Investor Shares are available to any investor who meets the fund’s minimum purchase requirements. Admiral Shares are designed for investors who meet certain administrative, service, tenure, and account-size criteria. Signal Shares are designed for institutional investors who meet certain administrative, service, and account-size criteria. Signal Shares were first issued on June 5, 2007. Institutional Shares are designed for investors who meet certain administrative and service criteria and invest a minimum of $5 million. ETF Shares are listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange; they can be purchased and sold through a broker.

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued by methods deemed by the board of trustees to represent fair value. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value.

2. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

3. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Quarterly income dividends declared by the fund are reallocated at fiscal year-end to ordinary income, capital gain, and return of capital to reflect their tax character.

4. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

5. Other: Distributions received from REITs are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Each REIT reports annually the tax character of its distributions. Dividend income, capital gain distributions received, and unrealized appreciation (depreciation) reflect the amounts of taxable income, capital gain, and return of capital reported by the REITs, and management’s estimates of such amounts for REIT distributions for which actual information has not been reported. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold. Fees assessed on redemptions of capital shares are credited to paid-in capital.

 

 

19

 


Each class of shares has equal rights as to assets and earnings, except that each class separately bears certain class-specific expenses related to maintenance of shareholder accounts (included in Management and Administrative expenses) and shareholder reporting. Marketing and distribution expenses are allocated to each class of shares based on a method approved by the board of trustees. Income, other non-class-specific expenses, and gains and losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.

B. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost investment advisory, corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $934,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.93% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

C. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. The fund’s return of capital distributions and tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year.

During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund realized $428,649,000 of net capital gains resulting from in-kind redemptions—in which shareholders exchanged fund shares for securities held by the fund rather than for cash. Because such gains are not taxable to the fund, and are not distributed to shareholders, they have been reclassified from accumulated net realized gains to paid-in capital.

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $7,470,368,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $2,031,582,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $2,185,551,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $153,969,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.

D. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $2,130,202,000 of investment securities and sold $2,655,586,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

E. The market value of securities on loan to broker-dealers at July 31, 2007, was $36,713,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $38,031,000.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

 


F. Capital share transactions for each class of shares were:

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31, 2007

January 31, 2007

 

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

 

($000)

(000)

($000)

(000)

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

928,307

35,044

1,731,399

72,687

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

97,972

3,970

224,270

9,464

Redeemed1

(1,685,081)

(66,626)

(1,359,296)

(58,310)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Investor Shares

(658,802)

(27,612)

596,373

23,841

Admiral Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

587,202

5,105

1,081,669

10,634

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

47,395

450

99,808

984

Redeemed1

(780,230)

(7,257)

(530,712)

(5,288)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Admiral Shares

(145,633)

(1,702)

650,765

6,330

Signal Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

13,124

482

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

36

1

Redeemed1

(455)

(17)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Signal Shares

12,705

466

Institutional Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

226,256

13,130

286,029

18,678

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

14,602

899

29,962

1,909

Redeemed1

(230,231)

(13,325)

(133,528)

(8,807)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Institutional Shares

10,627

704

182,463

11,780

ETF Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

1,137,663

13,558

1,432,154

20,104

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

Redeemed1

(984,476)

(11,900)

(960,330)

(13,200)

Net Increase (Decrease)—ETF Shares

153,187

1,658

471,824

6,904

 

G. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (tax years ended January 31, 2005–2007) for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Net of redemption fees of $5,378,000 and $1,769,000, respectively (fund totals).

 

21

 


About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 20071

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

REIT Index Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period2

Based on Actual Fund Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$796.08

$0.89

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

796.56

0.49

Institutional Shares

1,000.00

796.75

0.40

ETF Shares

1,000.00

796.53

0.49

Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,023.80

$1.00

Admiral Shares

1,000.00

1,024.25

0.55

Institutional Shares

1,000.00

1,024.35

0.45

ETF Shares

1,000.00

1,024.25

0.55

 

 

 

 

1 This table does not include data for share classes with fewer than six months of history.

2 These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratios for that period are 0.20% for Investor Shares, 0.11% for Admiral Shares, 0.09% for Institutional Shares, and 0.11% for ETF Shares. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

22

 


Note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transaction costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include the 1% fee on redemptions of shares held for less than one year, nor do they include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such fees were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not carry a “sales load.”

The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to your fund’s current prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23

 


Glossary

 

Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.

Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

Yield. A snapshot of the level of dividends, interest, capital gains distributions, and return-of-capital distributions received by the fund. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of dividends and other distributions provided by securities in the index.

 

 

 

24

 


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Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangement

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard REIT Index Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory arrangement with The Vanguard Group, Inc. Vanguard—through its Quantitative Equity Group—serves as the investment advisor to the fund. The board determined that continuing the fund’s internalized management structure was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

The board based its decision upon an evaluation of the advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the arrangement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both the short and long term, and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the advisor. Vanguard has been managing investments for more than two decades. George U. Sauter, Vanguard managing director and chief investment officer, has been in the investment management business since 1985. Mr. Sauter has led the Quantitative Equity Group since 1987. The Quantitative Equity Group adheres to a sound, disciplined investment management process; the team has considerable experience, stability, and depth.

The board concluded that Vanguard’s experience, stability, depth, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisory arrangement.

Investment performance

The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of its target benchmark and peer group. The board concluded that the fund has performed in line with expectations, and that its results have been consistent with its investment strategy. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

Cost

The board concluded that the fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The board noted that the fund’s advisory expense ratio was also well below its peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section.

The board does not conduct a profitability analysis of Vanguard because of Vanguard’s unique “at-cost” structure. Unlike most other mutual fund management companies, Vanguard is owned by the funds it oversees, and produces “profits” only in the form of reduced expenses for fund shareholders.

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s low-cost arrangement with Vanguard ensures that the fund will realize economies of scale as it grows, with the cost to shareholders declining as fund assets increase.

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory arrangement again after a one-year period.

 


JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice

Trustee since July 1998

President and Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

and Chief Information Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive

 

Committee of Johnson &Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products);

 

Director of the University Medical Center at Princeton and Women’s

 

Research and Education Institute.

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund

Trustee since December 2004

Professor of Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Associate Dean, Director of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School; Director and Chairman

 

of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003; Chair of the Investment

 

Committee of HighVista Strategies LLC (private investment firm) since

 

2005.

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman,

Trustee since January 1993

President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries,

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Inc. (forklift trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation

 

(industrial products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman

Trustee since April 1985

and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

of Cummins Inc. (diesel engines) and AmerisourceBergen Corp.

 

(pharmaceutical distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of

 

Culver Educational Foundation.

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The

Treasurer since July 1998

Vanguard Group, Inc.;Treasurer of each of the investment companies

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

served by The Vanguard Group.

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of

Secretary since July 2005

The Vanguard Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Vanguard Group since 2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group, and of

 

each of the investment companies served by The Vanguard

 

Group, since 2005; Principal of The Vanguard Group (1997–2006).

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

Founder

 

John C. Bogle

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

1Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 


The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the

Trustee since May 1987;

Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard

Chairman of the Board and

Group, Inc., and of each of the investment companies served by The

Chief Executive Officer

Vanguard Group.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners

Trustee since January 2001

(pro bono ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Associates (international business strategy consulting); Successor

 

Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business at

 

New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical

 

Research.

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman,

Trustee since December 20012

President, and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

(chemicals); Board Member of the American Chemistry Council; Director

 

of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified manufacturing and services) since

 

2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the Chemical Heritage

 

Foundation.

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the

Trustee since June 2006

University of Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

and Sciences, Annenberg School for Communication, and Graduate

 

School of Education of the University of Pennsylvania since 2004; Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Politics

 

and the University Center for Human Values (1990–2004), Princeton

 

University; Director of Carnegie Corporation of New York since 2005 and

 

of Schuylkill River Development Corporation and Greater Philadelphia

 

Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

 



 

P.O. Box 2600

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

Vanguard, Admiral, Signal, Connect with Vanguard, and

 

the ship logo are trademarks of

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

 

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

 

 

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

Text Telephone for People

respective owners.

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

 

 

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

 

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

 

This material may be used in conjunction

 

 

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

 

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by calling

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from

the fund’s current prospectus.

the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may

 

obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies

The funds or securities referred to herein are not

for securities it owned during the 12 months ended June

sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by MSCI, and

30. To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com

MSCI bears no liability with respect to any such funds

or www.sec.gov.

or securities. For any such funds or securities, the

 

prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information

 

contains a more detailed description of the limited

 

relationship MSCI has with The Vanguard Group and

 

any related funds.

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington,

 

D.C.To find out more about this public service, call the

 

SEC at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is

 

also available on the SEC’s website, and you can

 

receive copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a

 

request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

 

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

 

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

 

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q1232 092007

 

 

 




 

 

Vanguard® Dividend Growth Fund

 

 

> Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

>

For the six months ended July 31, 2007, Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund

 

returned 3.1%.

 

 

 

 

>

During the period, the fund outpaced both the return of its benchmark index

 

and the average return of its peer group of funds.

 

 

 

 

>

The strong performances of the fund’s holdings in the energy, industrials,

 

and information technology sectors helped boost its return.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Advisor’s Report

6

Fund Profile

8

Performance Summary

9

Financial Statements

10

About Your Fund’s Expenses

18

Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

20

Glossary

21

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 


Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund

VDIGX

3.1%

Russell 1000 Index

 

1.9

Average Large-Cap Core Fund1

 

2.1

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

 

 

 

 

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions Per Share

 

Starting

Ending

Income

Capital

 

Share Price

Share Price

Dividends

Gains

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund

$14.74

$15.06

$0.140

$0.000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

 

1

 



Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund returned 3.1% for the six months ended July 31, 2007, outpacing the return of both the fund’s primary benchmark, the Russell 1000 Index, and the average return of large-cap core mutual funds. The fund’s concentration on dividend-paying stocks paid off during the period, with especially strong returns from a number of the fund’s top-ten holdings, primarily in the energy sector.

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the past six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed their value-oriented counterparts. International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

Energy stocks led the way in boosting your fund’s performance

Like many income-oriented portfolios, the Dividend Growth Fund focuses primarily on the stocks of large, high-quality, dividend-paying companies. However, Wellington Management Company, LLP, your fund’s advisor, adds to this basic strategy its own unique touch: Wellington is less concerned with what a company’s dividend is now than with what it is likely to be in the future. Accordingly, Wellington seeks to identify companies that will increase their earnings over time and that are likely to raise their payouts.

During the past six months, that strategy was rewarded with positive returns from the energy, industrials, and information technology sectors. In particular, energy

 

2

 


Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5

12.1

16.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9

16.8

13.1

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8

28.5

22.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2

4.3

4.5

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5

5.1

2.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

3

 


firms ConocoPhillips, Total SA, ExxonMobil, and Chevron all produced double-digit gains. These firms, all of which are among your fund’s largest holdings, made the largest contributions to the fund’s return.

That said, four of the fund’s other sectors—financials, consumer discretionary, consumer staples, and health care—produced negative returns during the period. The financials sector (–8%) was particularly hard hit, although given its much smaller weighting in the fund versus the index, the group’s performance took less of a toll on the fund than it did on the benchmark.

After spending its earlier years as a utility fund, Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund adopted its current dividend-growth strategy nearly five years ago; since its inception more than 15 years ago, the fund has benefited from the guidance of Wellington Management Company. Because the fund represents a relatively concentrated portfolio—at the end of the fiscal period, it contained fewer than 60 stocks—the fund’s strategy puts a high premium on Wellington Management’s skill at identifying attractive investment opportunities.

Diversification and balance are keys to a long-term strategy

As seasoned investors realize, there’s no way to know what will happen in the stock market tomorrow, much less next month or next year. What’s the best strategy to follow when the markets remain so unpredictable?

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

 

Average

 

 

Large-Cap

 

Fund

Core Fund

Dividend Growth Fund

0.34%

1.35%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Fund expense ratio reflects the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

 

4

 


As we often counsel, the best way to put together a long-term investment program is to select a diversified mix of stock, bond, and money market mutual funds that fits your goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. A balanced portfolio is unlikely to deliver the best (or the worst) short-term returns, but it can help you to reap the rewards of the markets’ best-performing assets while muting the impact of the worst-performing ones.

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund, with its low costs and its focus on companies that are likely to increase their dividends in the years ahead, can be a valuable part of just such a diversified, long-term investment program.

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

Sincerely,


 

John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 14, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

5

 


Advisor’s Report

 

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund advanced 3.1% for the six-month period ended July 31, 2007. This performance compared favorably with the 1.9% return of the Russell 1000 Index and the 2.1% average return for large-cap core funds.

The investment environment

Uncertainty in global credit markets, particularly in the U.S. mortgage sector toward the end of the fiscal period, has been the root cause of unprecedented volatility in equity markets over the half-year. A repricing of risk, and the resulting loss of liquidity in the financial marketplace, has had a meaningful impact on global equity markets. Widening credit spreads also have had a dampening effect on the heretofore robust takeover environment. It remains to be seen how this extreme volatility will resolve itself, but it is certain that great investment opportunities will emerge.

The fund’s successes

The fund’s below-average weighting in financials was the main reason it outperformed its benchmark during the period. Financial stocks have performed poorly of late. Although Dividend Growth has not been immune from this trend, the impact on the fund has been quite modest. The fund’s holdings in the energy sector also contributed meaningfully to performance during the period; the top four contributors were ConocoPhillips, Total SA, ExxonMobil, and Chevron. Schering-Plough and NIKE were also strong contributors.

At the end of the period, all but a few companies held in the fund had announced dividend increases. For those companies who have yet to boost their payment, our expectation is that they will do so in the second half of the year. We remain confident that the average dividend increase for 2007 over last year will be substantial.

The fund’s shortfalls

A number of individual stocks detracted from the fund’s performance during the past six months. Among the more noteworthy was H&R Block, a relatively new position in the fund, whose share price has been hurt by continued worries in the mortgage sector. The company is in negotiations to sell its Option One mortgage operation, and we remain hopeful that such a transaction will occur in short order. Beyond that, we believe the company’s core tax business is set to regain traction, which should help accelerate dividend growth going forward.

The fund’s positioning and investment strategy

Our primary objective is to identify companies that we believe will steadily and reliably increase their dividend payments. We fulfill this objective by carefully

 

 

 

6

 


building the portfolio one stock at a time, giving central consideration to each company’s dividend growth prospects. Our industry weightings are a by-product of this process. The fund continues to have significant positions in health care, industrials, and both consumer sectors, while having less exposure to the utilities, telecommunication services, and materials sectors.

Donald J. Kilbride

Vice President and Portfolio Manager

Wellington Management Company, LLP

August 17, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

 


Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

56

1,017

4,902

Median Market Cap

$65.4B

$39.3B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

15.4x

16.9x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

3.2x

2.8x

2.7x

Yield

1.9%

1.8%

1.8%

Return on Equity

22.9%

19.1%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

16.5%

21.1%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

6.9%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

35%3

Expense Ratio

0.34%3

Short-Term Reserves

1%

 

Sector Diversification (% of portfolio)

 

 

Comparative

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Consumer Discretionary

13%

11%

11%

Consumer Staples

14

9

8

Energy

13

11

11

Financials

12

19

20

Health Care

15

11

11

Industrials

16

12

12

Information Technology

12

16

16

Materials

2

3

4

Telecommunication

 

 

 

Services

2

4

3

Utilities

0

4

4

Short-Term Reserves

1%

 

Volatility Measures4

 

 

Fund Versus

Fund Versus

 

Comparative Index1

Broad Index2

R-Squared

0.88

0.82

Beta

0.82

0.76

 

 


Ten Largest Holdings5(% of total net assets)

 

 

 

ExxonMobil Corp.

integrated

 

 

oil and gas

4.1%

Total SA ADR

integrated

 

 

oil and gas

3.4

Chevron Corp.

integrated

 

 

oil and gas

3.1

American International

multi-line

 

Group, Inc.

insurance

2.7

Eli Lilly & Co.

pharmaceuticals

2.5

General Electric Co.

industrial

 

 

conglomerate

2.5

Medtronic, Inc.

health care

 

 

equipment

2.5

Cardinal Health, Inc.

health care

 

 

distributors

2.5

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

hypermarkets

 

 

and super centers

2.5

Paychex, Inc.

data processing

 

 

and outsourced

 

 

services

2.4

Top Ten

 

28.2%

 

 

Investment Focus


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Russell 1000 Index.

2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3 Annualized.

4 For an explanation of R-squared, beta, and other terms used here, see the Glossary on page 21.

5 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products.

 

8

 


Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): January 31, 1997–July 31, 2007


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

 

 

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the

end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

 

 

 

Inception Date

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Dividend Growth Fund4

5/15/1992

22.78%

9.44%

7.01%

 

 

 

 

 

1 Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2 Prior to December 6, 2002, the fund was known as Utilities Income Fund.

3 Prior to December 6, 2002, the comparative benchmark was known as the Utilities Composite Index. The index weightings have been: 40% S&P Utilities Index, 40% S&P Telephone Index, and 20% Lehman Utillity Bond Index through April 30, 1999; 63.75% S&P Utilities Index, 21.25% S&P Telephone Index, and 15% Lehman Utility Bond Index through March 31, 2000; 75% S&P Utilities Index, 25% S&P Telephone Index through December 31, 2001; 75% S&P Utilities Index, 25% S&P Integrated Telecommunication Services Index through December 6, 2002; and Russell 1000 Index thereafter.

Note: See Financial Highlights table on page 14 for dividend and capital gains information.

4 Total returns do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

 

 

9

 


Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Common Stocks (99.0%)

 

 

Consumer Discretionary (13.1%)

 

NIKE, Inc. Class B

493,100

27,835

Home Depot, Inc.

655,800

24,376

Staples, Inc.

936,800

21,565

Toyota Motor Corp. ADR

154,400

18,625

McDonald’s Corp.

387,900

18,569

CBS Corp.

522,200

16,564

The Walt Disney Co.

455,500

15,031

H & R Block, Inc.

707,200

14,109

Carnival Corp.

135,400

6,000

 

 

162,674

Consumer Staples (14.3%)

 

 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

660,900

30,368

PepsiCo, Inc.

427,300

28,039

The Procter & Gamble Co.

406,000

25,115

The Coca-Cola Co.

363,800

18,958

Kimberly-Clark Corp.

265,900

17,887

Anheuser-Busch Cos., Inc.

323,100

15,758

Sysco Corp.

482,200

15,373

Altria Group, Inc.

194,900

12,955

General Mills, Inc.

215,100

11,964

 

 

176,417

Energy (13.0%)

 

 

ExxonMobil Corp.

596,100

50,746

Total SA ADR

529,500

41,624

Chevron Corp.

454,600

38,759

ConocoPhillips Co.

370,300

29,935

 

 

161,064

Financials (12.3%)

 

 

American International

 

 

Group, Inc.

513,500

32,956

Bank of America Corp.

468,100

22,197

Citigroup, Inc.

457,300

21,296

Prudential Financial, Inc.

233,600

20,704

State Street Corp.

282,600

18,943

ACE Ltd.

318,000

18,355

Countrywide Financial Corp.

611,100

17,215

 

 

151,666

 

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Health Care (15.3%)

 

 

Eli Lilly & Co.

581,700

31,464

Medtronic, Inc.

617,200

31,274

Cardinal Health, Inc.

462,800

30,420

Schering-Plough Corp.

939,000

26,799

Wyeth

409,300

19,859

Johnson & Johnson

314,700

19,039

Abbott Laboratories

365,200

18,512

AstraZeneca Group

 

 

PLC ADR

235,000

12,180

 

 

189,547

Industrials (16.3%)

 

 

General Electric Co.

810,200

31,403

United Parcel Service, Inc.

362,700

27,464

Caterpillar, Inc.

284,000

22,379

General Dynamics Corp.

237,800

18,682

Emerson Electric Co.

393,200

18,508

Avery Dennison Corp.

282,200

17,310

Illinois Tool Works, Inc.

298,000

16,405

The Boeing Co.

130,800

13,529

Lockheed Martin Corp.

127,800

12,586

Honeywell International Inc.

217,400

12,503

United Technologies Corp.

159,400

11,631

 

 

202,400

Information Technology (11.6%)

 

Paychex, Inc.

724,500

29,980

Automatic Data

 

 

Processing, Inc.

631,700

29,324

International Business

 

 

Machines Corp.

218,300

24,155

Microsoft Corp.

821,600

23,818

Linear Technology Corp.

658,700

23,483

Nokia Corp. ADR

452,000

12,945

 

 

143,705

Materials (1.6%)

 

 

Praxair, Inc.

256,200

19,630

 

 

 

10

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Telecommunication Services (1.5%)

 

AT&T Inc.

467,500

18,307

Total Common Stocks

 

 

(Cost $990,872)

 

1,225,410

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Face

 

 

Amount

 

 

($000)

 

Temporary Cash Investment (1.3%)

 

Repurchase Agreement

 

 

Credit Suisse First

 

 

Boston LLC 5.320%,

 

 

8/1/07 (Dated 7/31/07,

 

 

Repurchase Value

 

 

$16,102,000, collateralized

 

 

by Federal National

 

 

Mortgage Assn.,

 

 

5.000%–6.000%,

 

 

8/1/35–8/1/36)

 

 

(Cost $16,100)

16,100

16,100

Total Investments (100.3%)

 

 

(Cost $1,006,972)

 

1,241,510

Other Assets and Liabilities (–0.3%)

 

Other Assets—Note C

 

2,703

Liabilities

 

(6,155)

 

 

(3,452)

Net Assets (100%)

 

 

Applicable to 82,223,700 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

1,238,058

Net Asset Value Per Share

 

$15.06

 

At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of:1

 

 

Amount

Per

 

($000)

Share

Paid-in Capital

992,709

$12.08

Overdistributed Net

 

 

Investment Income

(509)

(.01)

Accumulated Net

 

 

Realized Gains

11,320

.14

Unrealized Appreciation

234,538

2.85

Net Assets

1,238,058

$15.06

 

 

• See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

1 See Note E in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

ADR—American Depositary Receipt.

 

 

11

 


Statement of Operations

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends

13,072

Interest

364

Security Lending

111

Total Income

13,547

Expenses

 

Investment Advisory Fees—Note B

 

Basic Fee

757

Performance Adjustment

16

The Vanguard Group—Note C

 

Management and Administrative

1,199

Marketing and Distribution

105

Custodian Fees

5

Shareholders’ Reports

14

Trustees’ Fees and Expenses

1

Total Expenses

2,097

Expenses Paid Indirectly—Note D

(17)

Net Expenses

2,080

Net Investment Income

11,467

Realized Net Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities Sold

68,367

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investment Securities

(41,221)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

38,613

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12


 

Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31,

January 31,

 

2007

2007

 

($000)

($000)

Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets

 

 

Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

11,467

20,657

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

68,367

81,236

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

(41,221)

78,627

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

38,613

180,520

Distributions

 

 

Net Investment Income

(11,416)

(20,673)

Realized Capital Gain

Total Distributions

(11,416)

(20,673)

Capital Share Transactions—Note G

 

 

Issued

94,005

221,674

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

9,888

17,716

Redeemed

(135,748)

(151,063)

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

(31,855)

88,327

Total Increase (Decrease)

(4,658)

248,174

Net Assets

 

 

Beginning of Period

1,242,716

994,542

End of Period1

1,238,058

1,242,716

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed (overdistributed) net investment income of ($509,000) and ($560,000).

 

 

13

 


Financial Highlights

 

 

Six

 

 

 

 

 

 

Months

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ended

 

 

 

 

For a Share Outstanding

July 31,

 

Year Ended January 31,

Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

2006

2005

2004

2003

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$14.74

$12.75

$11.89

$11.33

$ 8.48

$11.47

Investment Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Investment Income

.14

.26

.22

.231

.18

.37

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Loss) on Investments

.32

1.99

.88

.55

2.86

(2.98)

Total from Investment Operations

.46

2.25

1.10

.78

3.04

(2.61)

Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.14)

(.26)

(.24)

(.22)

(.19)

(.38)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

Total Distributions

(.14)

(.26)

(.24)

(.22)

(.19)

(.38)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$15.06

$14.74

$12.75

$11.89

$11.33

$ 8.48

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

3.10%

17.84%

9.34%

6.92%

36.08%

–23.22%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$1,238

$1,243

$995

$965

$818

$550

Ratio of Total Expenses to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

0.34%3,*

0.38%3

0.37%3

0.37%3

0.40%

0.34%

Ratio of Net Investment Income to

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average Net Assets

1.83%*

1.93%

1.85%

2.04%1

1.84%

3.57%

Portfolio Turnover Rate

35%*

41%

16%

20%

23%

104%4

 

 

 

1 Net investment income per share and the ratio of net investment income to average net assets include $.03 and 0.28%, respectively, resulting from a special dividend from Microsoft Corp. in November 2004.

2 Total returns do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3 Includes performance-based investment advisory fee increases (decreases) of 0.00%, 0.01%, 0.01%, and 0.01%.

4 Includes activity related to a change in the fund’s investment objective.

* Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

 

 

14

 


Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds.

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued by methods deemed by the board of trustees to represent fair value. Temporary cash investments acquired over 60 days to maturity are valued using the latest bid prices or using valuations based on a matrix system (which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities, and ratings), both as furnished by independent pricing services. Other temporary cash investments are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value.

2. Repurchase Agreements: The fund may invest in repurchase agreements. Securities pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements are held by a custodian bank until the agreements mature. Each agreement requires that the market value of the collateral be sufficient to cover payments of interest and principal; however, in the event of default or bankruptcy by the other party to the agreement, retention of the collateral may be subject to legal proceedings.

3. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

4. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

5. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

6. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold.

 

 

15

 


B. Wellington Management Company, LLP, provides investment advisory services to the fund for a fee calculated at an annual percentage rate of average net assets. The basic fee is subject to quarterly adjustments based on the fund’s performance for the preceding three years relative to the Russell 1000 Index. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, the investment advisory fee represented an effective annual basic rate of 0.12% of the fund’s average net assets before an increase of $16,000 based on performance.

C. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $111,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.11% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

D. The fund has asked its investment advisor to direct certain security trades, subject to obtaining the best price and execution, to brokers who have agreed to rebate to the fund part of the commissions generated. Such rebates are used solely to reduce the fund’s management and administrative expenses. The fund’s custodian bank has also agreed to reduce its fees when the fund maintains cash on deposit in the non-interest-bearing custody account. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, these arrangements reduced the fund’s management and administrative expenses by $12,000 and custodian fees by $5,000.

E. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes.

The fund’s tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year. For tax purposes, at January 31, 2007, the fund had available realized losses of $56,731,000 to offset future net capital gains through January 31, 2012. The fund will use these capital losses to offset net taxable capital gains, if any, realized during the year ending January 31, 2008; should the fund realize net capital losses for the year, the losses will be added to the loss carry-forward balance above.

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $1,006,972,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $234,538,000, consisting of unrealized gains of $252,155,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $17,617,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.

F. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $218,692,000 of investment securities and sold $241,181,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

 

 

16

 


G. Capital shares issued and redeemed were:

 

 

Six Months Ended

Year Ended

 

July 31, 2007

January 31, 2007

 

Shares

Shares

 

(000)

(000)

Issued

6,211

16,265

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

645

1,305

Redeemed

(8,957)

(11,242)

Net Increase (Decrease) in Shares Outstanding

(2,101)

6,328

 

H. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on federal income tax returns for all open tax years (tax years ended January 31, 2005–2007) for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

 

 

 

17

 


About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

Dividend Growth Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period1

Based on Actual Fund Return

$1,000.00

$1,031.04

$1.71

Based on Hypothetical 5% Yearly Return

1,000.00

1,023.11

1.71

 

Note that the expenses shown in the table are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transaction costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such a fee were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not charge transaction fees, such as purchase or redemption fees, nor does it carry a “sales load.”

 

 

 

 

 

1 These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratio for that period is 0.34%. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month peiod, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

18

 

 


The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to your fund’s current prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

19

 


Trustees Approve Advisory Agreement

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard Dividend Growth Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory agreement with Wellington Management Company, LLP. The board determined that the retention of Wellington Management was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

The board approved a change to the asset-based advisory fee and performance adjustment schedules. The revised base fee schedule will have no current impact on the fund’s advisory fees. The performance adjustment schedule will now be based on a “linear” rather than a “step” approach. The board concluded that linear adjustments better align the interests of an advisor with those of the fund shareholders, because the advisor’s compensation is more closely linked to the fund’s performance.

The board based its decisions upon an evaluation of Wellington Management’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the agreement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management over both the short and long term, and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the advisor. The board noted that Wellington Management, founded in 1928, is among the nation’s oldest and most respected institutional managers. The firm has advised the fund since the fund’s inception in 1992. Donald J. Kilbride, who manages the fund, has nearly two decades of industry experience. The portfolio manager is backed by a well-tenured team of research analysts who conduct detailed fundamental analysis of their respective industries and companies. Wellington Management has provided high-quality advisory services for the fund.

The board concluded that Wellington Management’s experience, stability, depth, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisory agreement.

Investment performance

The board considered the short- and long-term performance of the fund, including any periods of outperformance or underperformance of a relevant benchmark and peer group. The board noted that the fund’s reconstituted dividend growth mandate began in 2002, so long-term performance comparisons are not meaningful. The board also noted that the fund’s short-term performance and since-2002 performance have been competitive versus its benchmark, the Russell 1000 Index, and its peer group. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

Cost

The board concluded that the fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The board noted that the fund’s advisory fee rate was also well below the peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section, which also includes information about the advisory fee rate.

The board did not consider profitability of Wellington Management in determining whether to approve the advisory fee, because Wellington Management is independent of Vanguard, and the advisory fee is the result of arm’s-length negotiations.

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s shareholders benefit from economies of scale because of breakpoints in the fund’s advisory fee schedule. The breakpoints reduce the effective rate of the fee as the fund’s assets increase.

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory agreement again after a one-year period.

 

 

20

 


Glossary

 

Beta. A measure of the magnitude of a fund’s past share-price fluctuations in relation to the ups and downs of a given market index. The index is assigned a beta of 1.00. Compared with a given index, a fund with a beta of 1.20 typically would have seen its share price rise or fall by 12% when the index rose or fell by 10%. A fund’s beta should be reviewed in conjunction with its R-squared (see definition below). The lower the R-squared, the less correlation there is between the fund and the index, and the less reliable beta is as an indicator of volatility.

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

R-Squared. A measure of how much of a fund’s past returns can be explained by the returns from the market in general, as measured by a given index. If a fund’s total returns were precisely synchronized with an index’s returns, its R-squared would be 1.00. If the fund’s returns bore no relationship to the index’s returns, its R-squared would be 0.

Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.

 

 

21

 


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The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the

Trustee since May 1987;

Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard

Chairman of the Board and

Group, Inc., and of each of the investment companies served by The

Chief Executive Officer

Vanguard Group.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners

Trustee since January 2001

(pro bono ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Associates (international business strategy consulting); Successor

 

Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of the Stern School of Business at

 

New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical

 

Research.

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman,

Trustee since December 20012

President, and Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

(chemicals); Board Member of the American Chemistry Council; Director

 

of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified manufacturing and services) since

 

2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the Chemical Heritage

 

Foundation.

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the

Trustee since June 2006

University of Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

and Sciences, Annenberg School for Communication, and Graduate

 

School of Education of the University of Pennsylvania since 2004;

 

Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S. Rockefeller Professor of Politics

 

and the University Center for Human Values (1990–2004), Princeton

 

University; Director of Carnegie Corporation of New York since 2005 and

 

of Schuylkill River Development Corporation and Greater Philadelphia

 

Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

 


JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice

Trustee since July 1998

President and Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

and Chief Information Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive

 

Committee of Johnson &Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products);

 

Director of the University Medical Center at Princeton and Women’s

 

Research and Education Institute.

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of

Trustee since December 2004

Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior Associate Dean,

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Director of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business

 

School; Director and Chairman of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003;

 

Chair of the Investment Committee of HighVista Strategies LLC (private

 

investment firm) since 2005.

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President,

Trustee since January 1993

Chief Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation (industrial

 

products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and

Trustee since April 1985

Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Cummins Inc. (diesel engines) and AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical

 

distribution); Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of Culver Educational

 

Foundation.

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard

Treasurer since July 1998

Group, Inc.;Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Vanguard Group.

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of The

Secretary since July 2005

Vanguard Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

since 2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group, and of each of the investment

 

companies served by The Vanguard Group, since 2005; Principal of The

 

Vanguard Group (1997–2006).

 

 

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

 

Founder

 

 

 

John C. Bogle

 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

1 Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2 December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 



P.O. Box 2600

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

Vanguard, Connect with Vanguard, and the ship logo

 

are trademarks of The Vanguard Group, Inc.

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

 

 

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

respective owners.

 

 

 

 

Text Telephone for People

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

 

 

 

 

 

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

 

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

This material may be used in conjunction

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by calling

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also available from

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In addition, you may

the fund’s current prospectus.

obtain a free report on how your fund voted the proxies

 

for securities it owned during the 12 months ended June

 

30. To get the report, visit either www.vanguard.com

 

or www.sec.gov.

 

 

 

 

 

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington,

 

D.C.To find out more about this public service, call the

 

SEC at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is

 

also available on the SEC’s website, and you can

 

receive copies of this information, for a fee, by sending a

 

request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

 

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

 

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

 

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q572 092007

 

 

 




 

 

Vanguard® Dividend Appreciation

Index Fund

 

> Semiannual Report

 

 

 

 

 

July 31, 2007

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


>

The Investor Shares of Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund posted a

 

return of 1.4% for the fiscal six months ended July 31, 2007.

 

 

>

The index’s two largest sector weightings, consumer staples and financials,

 

struggled during the half-year. Strength in energy and industrial stocks kept

 

the index in positive territory.

 

 

>

After soaring for much of the period, the stock market pulled back sharply at

 

the end of July.

 

 

 

 

 

Contents

 

 

 

Your Fund’s Total Returns

1

Chairman’s Letter

2

Fund Profile

6

Performance Summary

7

Financial Statements

8

About Your Fund’s Expenses

19

Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangement

21

Glossary

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Please note: The opinions expressed in this report are just that—informed opinions. They should not be considered promises or advice. Also, please keep in mind that the information and opinions cover the period through the date on the cover of this report. Of course, the risks of investing in your fund are spelled out in the prospectus.

 


Your Fund’s Total Returns

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

Ticker

Total

 

Symbol

Returns

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

 

 

Investor Shares

VDAIX

1.4%

ETF Shares1

VIG

 

Market Price

 

1.2

Net Asset Value

 

1.5

Dividend Achievers Select Index

 

1.6

Average Large-Cap Core Fund2

 

2.1

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index

 

1.9

 

Your Fund’s Performance at a Glance

 

 

 

 

January 31, 2007–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distributions Per Share

 

Starting

Ending

Income

Capital

 

Share Price

Share Price

Dividends

Gains

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$21.84

$22.01

$0.140

$0.000

ETF Shares

54.60

55.02

0.375

0.000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Vanguard ETF™ Shares are traded on the American Stock Exchange and are available only through brokers. The table shows the ETF returns based on both the AMEX market price and the net asset value for a share. U.S. Pat. No. 6,879,964 B2.

2 Derived from data provided by Lipper Inc.

 

 

 

1

 



 

Chairman’s Letter

 

Dear Shareholder,

For most of the six months ended July 31, 2007, the stock market charted a steady upward course, topping one record after another. The trend reversed in the second half of July, when a few high-profile earnings disappointments shook investors already nervous about troubles in the mortgage-backed bond market.

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund managed a gain of 1.4% for its Investor Shares in this environment. One of its largest weightings, the financials sector, was particularly hard hit as banks and insurers revealed their exposure to mortgage securities tied to borrowers with weak credit.

The fund’s performance for the fiscal half-year was in line with that of the Dividend Achievers Select Index, a specially constructed index developed by Mergent, Inc. The fund lagged the average return for large-cap core funds.

For the U.S. stock market, a nervous finish to the half-year

U.S. stocks produced modest returns for the past six months, as a downturn at the end of the period erased most of the gains recorded earlier. The market stumbled as trouble with low-quality mortgage loans and related securities amplified investors’ risk-aversion.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 


The broad U.S. stock market returned 1.9% for the fiscal half-year. Large-capitalization stocks bested small-caps, and growth-oriented stocks outperformed their value-oriented counterparts. International stock markets sidestepped most of the U.S. turmoil, generating excellent six-month returns.

For bonds, a return to a more typical yield curve

As investors sought a safe haven from some of the financial markets’ riskier precincts, including bonds backed by mortgage loans made to borrowers with poor credit ratings, U.S. Treasury bond prices rose slightly and yields fell. The declines in yield were most pronounced among Treasury securities with maturities of less than 5 years.

These interest rate dynamics helped restore the yield curve—which illustrates the relationship between short- and long-term bond yields—to its typical, upward-sloping pattern. At the start of the period, the curve had been mildly inverted. The broad taxable bond market returned 1.9% for the half-year. Tax-exempt municipal securities returned a bit less.

 

Market Barometer

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Returns

 

 

Periods Ended July 31, 2007

 

Six Months

One Year

Five Years1

Stocks

 

 

 

Russell 1000 Index (Large-caps)

1.9%

16.5%

12.3%

Russell 2000 Index (Small-caps)

–2.5

12.1

16.0

Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index (Entire market)

1.9

16.8

13.1

MSCI All Country World Index ex USA (International)

11.8

28.5

22.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bonds

 

 

 

Lehman U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (Broad taxable market)

1.9%

5.6%

4.4%

Lehman Municipal Bond Index

1.2

4.3

4.5

Citigroup 3-Month Treasury Bill Index

2.5

5.1

2.7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CPI

 

 

 

Consumer Price Index

2.9%

2.4%

3.0%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Annualized.

 

 

 

3

 


Fund’s gain rested on performance of energy and industrials stocks

The shift in sentiment late in the half-year produced a wide range of outcomes across market sectors. Financials, representing, on average, 20% of Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund, fell –6.5%. Consumer discretionary and health care, together making up about 20% of the fund, on average, fell –4.2% and –4.5%, respectively. The worst-performing subgroups included insurance companies, banks, retailers, and pharmaceutical firms.

The fund’s positive return rested on the continued outperformance of energy and industrials companies that are plugged into global infrastructure development and economic growth. Chevron and ExxonMobil were by far the two largest contributors to the fund’s return. These companies—the fund’s two largest holdings—benefited from steadily rising energy prices and expanding refining margins. IBM, 3M, General Electric, and Caterpillar were all on the top-ten list of fund contributors.

The fund’s mandate is to capture the return of stocks that have a history of increasing dividends. Such a strategy leads to heavy weightings in the dividend-rich financials and consumer product sectors. For the six months, these weightings created a slight drag on performance relative to the broader market.

 

 

Annualized Expense Ratios1

 

 

 

Your fund compared with its peer group

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Investor

ETF

Large-Cap

 

Shares

Shares

Core Fund

Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

0.40%

0.28%

1.35%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Fund expense ratios reflect the six months ended July 31, 2007. Peer-group expense ratio is derived from data provided by Lipper Inc. and captures information through year-end 2006.

 

 

4

 


Diversification and balance are key to a long-term strategy

As seasoned investors realize, there’s no way to know what will happen in the stock market tomorrow, much less next month or next year. What’s the best strategy to follow when the markets remain so unpredictable?

As we often counsel, the best way to put together a long-term investment program is to select a diversified mix of stock, bond, and money market mutual funds that fits your goals, time horizon, and tolerance for risk. A balanced portfolio is unlikely to deliver the best (or the worst) short-term returns, but it helps you to reap the rewards of the markets’ best-performing assets while muting the impact of the worst-performing ones.

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund, with its low costs and its focus on companies that emphasize dividend growth, can be a valuable part of just such a diversified, long-term investment program.

Thank you for investing with Vanguard.

Sincerely,


John J. Brennan

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

August 13, 2007

 

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF

 

 

 

 

Premium/Discount: April 21, 20061–July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Market Price Above or

Market Price Below

 

Equal to Net Asset Value

 

Net Asset Value

 

Number

Percentage

Number

Percentage

Basis Point Differential2

of Days

of Total Days

of Days

of Total Days

0–24.9

158

49.07%

158

49.07%

25–49.9

3

0.93

0

0.00

50–74.9

2

0.62

0

0.00

75–100.0

0

0.00

0

0.00

>100.0

1

0.31

0

0.00

Total

164

50.93%

158

49.07%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 One basis point equals 1/100 of a percentage point.

 

 

5

 


Fund Profile

As of July 31, 2007

 

Portfolio Characteristics

 

 

 

 

Target

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Number of Stocks

222

222

4,902

Median Market Cap

$58.2B

$58.2B

$32.9B

Price/Earnings Ratio

15.7x

15.7x

17.4x

Price/Book Ratio

3.3x

3.3x

2.7x

Yield

 

1.9%

1.8%

Investor Shares

1.5%

 

 

ETF Shares

1.7%

 

 

Return on Equity

23.8%

23.8%

18.4%

Earnings Growth Rate

19.4%

19.4%

21.0%

Foreign Holdings

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Turnover Rate

2%3

Expense Ratio

 

Investor Shares

0.40%3

 

 

ETF Shares

0.28%3

 

 

Short-Term Reserves

0%

 

Sector Diversification (% of portfolio)

 

 

 

Target

Broad

 

Fund

Index1

Index2

Consumer Discretionary

12%

12%

11%

Consumer Staples

22

21

8

Energy

9

10

11

Financials

19

19

20

Health Care

10

10

11

Industrials

17

17

12

Information Technology

6

6

16

Materials

4

4

4

Telecommunication Services

0

0

3

Utilities

1

1

4

Short-Term Reserves

0%

 

 


Ten Largest Holdings4 (% of total net assets)

 

 

 

Chevron Corp.

integrated oil

 

 

and gas

4.7%

ExxonMobil Corp.

integrated oil

 

 

and gas

4.6

International Business

 

 

Machines Corp.

computer hardware

4.4

General Electric Co.

industrial

 

 

conglomerate

4.2

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

hypermarkets and

 

 

super centers

3.8

The Coca-Cola Co.

soft drinks

3.8

The Procter & Gamble Co.

household products

3.8

American International

 

 

Group, Inc.

multiline insurance

3.7

Johnson & Johnson

pharmaceuticals

3.6

PepsiCo, Inc.

soft drinks

3.2

Top Ten

 

39.8%

 

 

Investment Focus


 

 

 

 

 

1 Dividend Achievers Select Index.

2 Dow Jones Wilshire 5000 Index.

3 Annualized.

4 “Ten Largest Holdings” excludes any temporary cash investments and equity index products. See page 22 for a Glossary of investment terms.

 

 

6

 


Performance Summary

 

All of the returns in this report represent past performance, which is not a guarantee of future results that may be achieved by the fund. (Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance data cited. For performance data current to the most recent month-end, visit our website at www.vanguard.com/performance.) Note, too, that both investment returns and principal value can fluctuate widely, so an investor’s shares, when sold, could be worth more or less than their original cost. The returns shown do not reflect taxes that a shareholder would pay on fund distributions or on the sale of fund shares.

 

Fiscal-Year Total Returns (%): April 27, 2006–July 31, 2007


 

Average Annual Total Returns: Periods Ended June 30, 2007

 

This table presents average annual total returns through the latest calendar quarter—rather than through the end of the fiscal period. Securities and Exchange Commission rules require that we provide this information.

 

 

 

 

 

Since

 

Inception Date

One Year

Inception

Investor Shares2

4/27/2006

16.51%

12.14%

ETF Shares

4/21/2006

 

 

Market Price

 

16.47

12.25

Net Asset Value

 

16.66

12.36

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Six months ended July 31, 2007.

2 Total returns do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000. Note: See Financial Highlights tables on pages 14 and 15 for dividend and capital gains information.

 

 

7

 


Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

Statement of Net Assets

As of July 31, 2007

 

The fund provides a complete list of its holdings four times in each fiscal year, at the quarter-ends. For the second and fourth fiscal quarters, the lists appear in the fund’s semiannual and annual reports to shareholders. For the first and third fiscal quarters, the fund files the lists with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form N-Q. Shareholders can look up the fund’s Forms N-Q on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room (see the back cover of this report for further information).

 

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Common Stocks (100.0%)

 

 

Consumer Discretionary (11.6%)

 

Home Depot, Inc.

262,805

9,768

McDonald’s Corp.

162,297

7,769

Target Corp.

104,390

6,323

Lowe’s Cos., Inc.

185,810

5,204

The McGraw-Hill Cos., Inc.

46,216

2,796

Johnson Controls, Inc.

23,536

2,663

Harley-Davidson, Inc.

33,267

1,907

TJX Cos., Inc.

56,599

1,571

Gannett Co., Inc.

31,354

1,565

Nordstrom, Inc.

29,782

1,417

VF Corp.

15,841

1,359

Sherwin-Williams Co.

16,387

1,142

Genuine Parts Co.

22,280

1,060

Family Dollar Stores, Inc.

17,786

527

The Stanley Works

9,402

520

Leggett & Platt, Inc.

23,254

482

Ross Stores, Inc.

16,352

473

Meredith Corp.

4,775

270

John Wiley & Sons Class A

6,316

267

Polaris Industries, Inc.

5,080

251

Applebee’s International, Inc.

9,453

233

Harte-Hanks, Inc.

9,573

225

Wolverine World Wide, Inc.

7,015

190

^Talbots Inc.

7,207

166

Matthews International Corp.

3,918

150

Media General, Inc. Class A

2,716

77

Courier Corp.

1,499

56

Haverty Furniture Cos., Inc.

2,072

23

 

 

48,454

Consumer Staples (21.6%)

 

 

Beverages (8.2%)

 

 

The Coca-Cola Co.

303,344

15,807

PepsiCo, Inc.

203,440

13,350

Anheuser-Busch Cos., Inc.

95,266

4,646

Brown-Forman Corp. Class B

8,691

577

 

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Food & Staples Retailing (6.1%)

 

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.

346,698

15,931

Walgreen Co.

129,790

5,734

Sysco Corp.

85,391

2,722

SuperValu Inc.

25,313

1,055

 

 

 

Food Products (1.6%)

 

 

Archer-Daniels-Midland Co.

85,886

2,886

Wm. Wrigley Jr. Co.

28,403

1,638

The Hershey Co.

21,230

979

Hormel Foods Corp.

17,549

604

McCormick & Co., Inc.

15,104

516

Lancaster Colony Corp.

3,899

151

Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc.

4,668

117

 

 

 

Household Products (5.2%)

 

 

The Procter & Gamble Co.

254,463

15,741

Colgate-Palmolive Co.

64,309

4,244

The Clorox Co.

19,167

1,159

Church & Dwight, Inc.

7,918

388

 

 

 

Personal Products (0.5%)

 

 

Avon Products, Inc.

55,149

1,986

 

 

90,231

Energy (9.5%)

 

 

Chevron Corp.

230,829

19,680

ExxonMobil Corp.

225,572

19,203

Holly Corp.

6,883

464

Helmerich & Payne, Inc.

12,548

406

 

 

39,753

Financials (18.9%)

 

 

Capital Markets (4.3%)

 

 

Lehman Brothers

 

 

Holdings, Inc.

65,671

4,072

Franklin Resources Corp.

30,548

3,891

State Street Corp.

48,590

3,257

Northern Trust Corp.

28,052

1,752

T. Rowe Price Group Inc.

31,149

1,624

Legg Mason Inc.

15,388

1,385

SEI Investments Co.

24,601

671

 

 

 

8

 


 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Eaton Vance Corp.

15,651

655

Nuveen Investments, Inc.

 

 

Class A

10,607

649

 

 

 

Commercial Banks (2.8%)

 

 

M & T Bank Corp.

14,374

1,528

Marshall & Ilsley Corp.

34,532

1,423

Compass Bancshares Inc.

16,579

1,149

Synovus Financial Corp.

40,463

1,131

Commerce Bancorp, Inc.

25,647

858

Colonial BancGroup, Inc.

20,531

448

City National Corp.

6,159

436

Cullen/Frost Bankers, Inc.

8,083

401

Commerce Bancshares, Inc.

8,954

398

Bank of Hawaii Corp.

6,677

321

Webster Financial Corp.

7,087

308

The South

 

 

Financial Group, Inc.

10,058

217

Trustmark Corp.

8,421

211

Chittenden Corp.

6,062

203

UMB Financial Corp.

5,354

200

Greater Bay Bancorp

6,417

172

United Bankshares, Inc.

6,071

169

Westamerica Bancorporation

3,936

161

Alabama National

 

 

BanCorporation

2,573

137

Glacier Bancorp, Inc.

6,819

130

Pacific Capital Bancorp

6,190

129

CVB Financial Corp.

10,955

107

Sterling Bancshares, Inc.

9,661

101

First Financial Bankshares, Inc.

2,764

100

BancFirst Corp.

2,272

92

Community Banks, Inc.

3,292

86

^Capital City Bank Group, Inc.

2,308

69

First Source Corp.

3,284

67

Sterling Financial Corp. (PA)

3,929

66

Community Trust Bancorp Inc.

2,053

59

IBERIABANK Corp.

1,384

58

West Coast Bancorp

2,096

55

Sandy Spring Bancorp, Inc.

2,028

55

Banner Corp.

1,658

51

First State Bancorporation

2,636

46

Irwin Financial Corp.

3,806

45

S.Y. Bancorp, Inc.

1,860

44

Renasant Corp.

2,257

43

Simmons First National Corp.

1,852

43

Old Second Bancorp, Inc.

1,548

43

First Financial Corp. (IN)

1,814

43

Washington Trust Bancorp, Inc.

1,735

41

Seacoast Banking

 

 

Corp. of Florida

2,551

41

Southwest Bancorp, Inc.

1,791

35

First Community

 

 

Bancshares, Inc.

1,262

34

Heartland Financial USA, Inc.

1,957

33

Peoples Bancorp, Inc.

1,285

29

Horizon Financial Corp.

1,402

27

 

 


 

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

Consumer Finance (0.7%)

 

 

SLM Corp.

55,785

2,743

 

 

 

Insurance (9.5%)

 

 

American International Group, Inc.

241,540

15,502

The Allstate Corp.

81,914

4,354

The Hartford Financial Services Group Inc.

40,478

3,719

AFLAC Inc.

61,836

3,223

The Chubb Corp.

53,551

2,699

Lincoln National Corp.

35,796

2,159

Progressive Corp. of Ohio

99,127

2,080

MBIA, Inc.

17,620

988

Ambac Financial Group, Inc.

13,883

932

Transatlantic Holdings, Inc.

8,373

612

Old Republic International Corp.

30,622

562

Brown & Brown, Inc.

18,039

464

HCC Insurance Holdings, Inc.

15,012

440

Erie Indemnity Co. Class A

7,880

407

Protective Life Corp.

8,745

376

Wesco Financial Corp.

861

341

Hilb, Rogal and Hamilton Co.

4,640

201

Alfa Corp.

10,481

186

R.L.I. Corp.

3,128

181

State Auto Financial Corp.

5,504

142

Harleysville Group, Inc.

3,999

112

Midland Co.

2,200

105

 

 

 

Real Estate Management & Development (0.1%)

Forest City Enterprise Class A

9,386

511

 

 

 

Thrifts & Mortgage Finance (1.5%)

 

Freddie Mac

93,979

5,382

People’s United Financial Inc.

37,432

603

MAF Bancorp, Inc.

4,250

223

BankAtlantic Bancorp, Inc.Class A

7,636

67

Anchor Bancorp Wisconsin Inc.

2,651

59

First Busey Corp.

2,732

53

First Financial Holdings, Inc.

1,720

47

Flushing Financial Corp.

2,609

39

 

 

79,111

Health Care (10.4%)

 

 

Johnson & Johnson

249,612

15,102

Abbott Laboratories

181,722

9,211

Medtronic, Inc.

149,770

7,589

Cardinal Health, Inc.

47,156

3,099

Stryker Corp.

46,497

2,903

Becton, Dickinson & Co.

29,494

2,252

C.R. Bard, Inc.

13,469

1,057

DENTSPLY International Inc.

18,984

693

Beckman Coulter, Inc.

7,553

535

Hillenbrand Industries, Inc.

7,971

502

Arrow International, Inc.

6,085

269

 

9


 

 

 

Market

 

 

Value

 

Shares

($000)

West Pharmaceutical

 

 

Services, Inc.

4,575

212

Meridian Bioscience Inc.

4,060

91

 

 

43,515

Industrials (16.6%)

 

 

General Electric Co.

456,173

17,681

United Technologies Corp.

122,223

8,919

3M Co.

93,052

8,274

Caterpillar, Inc.

82,685

6,515

Emerson Electric Co.

102,418

4,821

Illinois Tool Works, Inc.

71,442

3,933

General Dynamics Corp.

49,888

3,919

Danaher Corp.

39,606

2,958

Parker Hannifin Corp.

14,394

1,420

Dover Corp.

26,785

1,366

Pitney Bowes, Inc.

27,642

1,274

Expeditors International of

 

 

Washington, Inc.

26,628

1,190

W.W. Grainger, Inc.

10,081

881

Avery Dennison Corp.

14,101

865

Cintas Corp.

19,610

717

Roper Industries Inc.

10,825

649

Harsco Corp.

10,063

530

Pentair, Inc.

13,215

478

Donaldson Co., Inc.

10,353

377

Teleflex Inc.

4,881

373

Carlisle Co., Inc.

7,749

351

HNI Corp.

5,821

238

Brady Corp. Class A

6,464

226

CLARCOR Inc.

6,492

226

Mine Safety Appliances Co.

4,537

207

Nordson Corp.

4,295

197

^Franklin Electric, Inc.

3,100

144

ABM Industries Inc.

5,396

136

A.O. Smith Corp.

2,748

133

NACCO Industries, Inc.

 

 

Class A

820

108

McGrath RentCorp

3,199

96

Tennant Co.

2,373

91

Universal Forest Products, Inc.

2,288

91

Raven Industries, Inc.

2,264

77

Badger Meter, Inc.

1,764

59

LSI Industries Inc.

2,796

47

Gorman-Rupp Co.

1,515

43

 

 

69,610

Information Technology (6.2%)

 

 

International Business

 

 

Machines Corp.

167,567

18,541

Automatic Data

 

 

Processing, Inc.

73,293

3,402

Paychex, Inc.

48,282

1,998

Linear Technology Corp.

37,798

1,348

Diebold, Inc.

8,819

447

Jack Henry & Associates Inc.

11,698

281

 

 

26,017

 

 


 

 

 

Market

 

 

 

Value

 

 

Shares

($000)

Materials (3.5%)

 

 

 

Praxair, Inc.

39,364

3,016

 

Air Products &

 

 

 

Chemicals, Inc.

26,426

2,282

 

Nucor Corp.

34,235

1,719

 

Rohm & Haas Co.

28,181

1,593

 

Ecolab, Inc.

33,331

1,404

 

Vulcan Materials Co.

10,830

1,037

 

Sigma-Aldrich Corp.

17,300

784

 

Martin Marietta Materials, Inc.

5,373

736

 

Sonoco Products Co.

12,666

464

 

Albemarle Corp.

11,216

451

 

Bemis Co., Inc.

13,709

404

 

Valspar Corp.

12,643

349

 

AptarGroup Inc.

8,514

310

 

H.B. Fuller Co.

7,961

220

 

Myers Industries, Inc.

3,944

84

 

 

 

14,853

 

Telecommunication Services (0.2%)

 

 

CenturyTel, Inc.

14,482

664

 

 

 

 

Utilities (1.5%)

 

 

 

FPL Group, Inc.

50,310

2,904

 

Questar Corp.

23,062

1,187

 

MDU Resources Group, Inc.

23,325

636

 

Energen Corp.

9,555

506

 

^Aqua America, Inc.

17,190

376

 

UGI Corp. Holding Co.

13,399

346

 

American States Water Co.

2,115

78

 

SJW Corp.

2,273

65

 

Southwest Water Co.

3,188

42

 

 

 

6,140

Total Common Stocks

 

 

(Cost $405,483)

 

418,348

Temporary Cash Investments (0.3%)

 

1

Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

 

 

Fund, 5.302%

887,421

887

1

Vanguard Market Liquidity

 

 

 

Fund, 5.302%—Note F

600,300

600

Total Temporary Cash Investments

 

(Cost $1,487)

 

1,487

Total Investments (100.3%)

 

 

(Cost $406,970)

 

419,835

Other Assets and Liabilities (–0.3%)

 

Other Assets—Note B

 

991

Liabilities—Note F

 

(2,411)

 

 

 

(1,420)

Net Assets (100%)

 

418,415

 

 

10

 


At July 31, 2007, net assets consisted of:2

 

 

Amount

 

($000)

Paid-in Capital

404,950

Undistributed Net Investment Income

328

Accumulated Net Realized Gains

272

Unrealized Appreciation

12,865

Net Assets

418,415

 

 

 

 

Investor Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 11,918,740 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

262,370

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

Investor Shares

$22.01

 

 

 

 

ETF Shares—Net Assets

 

Applicable to 2,835,903 outstanding

 

$.001 par value shares of beneficial

 

interest (unlimited authorization)

156,045

Net Asset Value Per Share—

 

ETF Shares

$55.02

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• See Note A in Notes to Financial Statements.

^ Part of security position is on loan to broker-dealers. See Note F in Notes to Financial Statements.

1 Affiliated money market fund available only to Vanguard funds and certain trusts and accounts managed by Vanguard. Rate shown is the 7-day yield.

2 See Note D in Notes to Financial Statements for the tax-basis components of net assets.

 

 

11

 


Statement of Operations

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

July 31, 2007

 

($000)

Investment Income

 

Income

 

Dividends

3,158

Interest1

46

Security Lending

4

Total Income

3,208

Expenses

 

The Vanguard Group—Note B

 

Investment Advisory Services

25

Management and Administrative

 

Investor Shares

375

ETF Shares

153

Marketing and Distribution

 

Investor Shares

24

ETF Shares

15

Custodian Fees

32

Shareholders’ Reports

 

Investor Shares

2

ETF Shares

3

Total Expenses

629

Expenses Paid Indirectly—Note C

(9)

Net Expenses

620

Net Investment Income

2,588

Realized Net Gain (Loss) on Investment Securities Sold

384

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) of Investment Securities

1,293

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

4,265

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Interest income from an affiliated company of the fund was $46,000.

 

12

 


Statement of Changes in Net Assets

 

 

Six Months Ended

April 21, 20061

 

July 31,

to January 31,

 

2007

2007

 

($000)

($000)

Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets

 

 

Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

2,588

1,684

Realized Net Gain (Loss)

384

3,114

Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)

1,293

11,572

Net Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Resulting from Operations

4,265

16,370

Distributions

 

 

Net Investment Income

 

 

Investor Shares

(1,434)

(959)

ETF Shares

(952)

(599)

Realized Capital Gain

 

 

Investor Shares

ETF Shares

Total Distributions

(2,386)

(1,558)

Capital Share Transactions—Note G

 

 

Investor Shares

98,166

153,498

ETF Shares

44,751

105,309

Net Increase (Decrease) from Capital Share Transactions

142,917

258,807

Total Increase (Decrease)

144,796

273,619

Net Assets

 

 

Beginning of Period

273,619

End of Period2

418,415

273,619

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Net Assets—End of Period includes undistributed net investment income of $328,000 and $126,000.

 

13

 


Financial Highlights

 

 

Investor Shares

 

 

 

Six Months

April 27,

 

Ended

20061 to

 

July 31,

January 31,

For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$21.84

$20.05

Investment Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

.15

.214

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments

.16

1.782

Total from Investment Operations

.31

1.996

Distributions

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.14)

(.206)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

Total Distributions

(.14)

(.206)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$22.01

$21.84

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return2

1.42%

10.02%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$262

$163

Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets

0.40%*

0.40%*

Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets

1.41%*

1.53%*

Portfolio Turnover Rate3

2%*

21%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Total returns do not include the account service fee that may be applicable to certain accounts with balances below $10,000.

3 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF creation units.

* Annualized.

 

14

 


ETF Shares

 

 

 

Six Months

April 21,

 

Ended

20061 to

 

July 31,

January 31,

For a Share Outstanding Throughout Each Period

2007

2007

Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period

$54.60

$49.94

Investment Operations

 

 

Net Investment Income

.398

.555

Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments

.397

4.631

Total from Investment Operations

.795

5.186

Distributions

 

 

Dividends from Net Investment Income

(.375)

(.526)

Distributions from Realized Capital Gains

Total Distributions

(.375)

(.526)

Net Asset Value, End of Period

$55.02

$54.60

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Return

1.45%

10.45%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

Net Assets, End of Period (Millions)

$156

$111

Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets

0.28%*

0.28%*

Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets

1.53%*

1.65%*

Portfolio Turnover Rate2

2%*

21%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

2 Excludes the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind purchases or redemptions of the fund’s capital shares, including ETF creation units.

* Annualized.

See accompanying Notes, which are an integral part of the Financial Statements.

 

 

15

 


Notes to Financial Statements

 

Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as an open-end investment company, or mutual fund. The fund files reports with the SEC under the company name Vanguard Specialized Funds. The fund offers two classes of shares: Investor Shares and ETF Shares. Investor Shares are available to any investor who meets the fund’s minimum purchase requirements. ETF Shares are listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange; they can be purchased and sold through a broker.

A. The following significant accounting policies conform to generally accepted accounting principles for U.S. mutual funds. The fund consistently follows such policies in preparing its financial statements.

1. Security Valuation: Securities are valued as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time) on the valuation date. Equity securities are valued at the latest quoted sales prices or official closing prices taken from the primary market in which each security trades; such securities not traded on the valuation date are valued at the mean of the latest quoted bid and asked prices. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available, or whose values have been materially affected by events occurring before the fund’s pricing time but after the close of the securities’ primary markets, are valued by methods deemed by the board of trustees to represent fair value. Investments in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund are valued at that fund’s net asset value.

2. Federal Income Taxes: The fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company and distribute all of its taxable income. Accordingly, no provision for federal income taxes is required in the financial statements.

3. Distributions: Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

4. Security Lending: The fund may lend its securities to qualified institutional borrowers to earn additional income. Security loans are required to be secured at all times by collateral at least equal to the market value of securities loaned. The fund invests cash collateral received in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and records a liability for the return of the collateral, during the period the securities are on loan. Security lending income represents the income earned on investing cash collateral, less expenses associated with the loan.

5. Other: Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date. Interest income includes income distributions received from Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund and is accrued daily. Security transactions are accounted for on the date securities are bought or sold. Costs used to determine realized gains (losses) on the sale of investment securities are those of the specific securities sold.

Each class of shares has equal rights as to assets and earnings, except that each class separately bears certain class-specific expenses related to maintenance of shareholder accounts (included in Management and Administrative expenses) and shareholder reporting. Marketing and distribution expenses are allocated to each class of shares based on a method approved by the board of trustees. Income, other non-class-specific expenses, and gains and losses on investments are allocated to each class of shares based on its relative net assets.

B. The Vanguard Group furnishes at cost investment advisory, corporate management, administrative, marketing, and distribution services. The costs of such services are allocated to the fund under methods approved by the board of trustees. The fund has committed to provide up to 0.40% of its net assets in capital contributions to Vanguard. At July 31, 2007, the fund had contributed capital of $36,000 to Vanguard (included in Other Assets), representing 0.01% of the fund’s net assets and 0.04% of Vanguard’s capitalization. The fund’s trustees and officers are also directors and officers of Vanguard.

 

16

 


C. The fund’s custodian bank has agreed to reduce its fees when the fund maintains cash on deposit in the non-interest-bearing custody account. For the six months ended July 31, 2007, custodian fee offset arrangements reduced the fund’s expenses by $9,000.

D. Distributions are determined on a tax basis and may differ from net investment income and realized capital gains for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain, or loss are recognized in different periods for financial statement and tax purposes; these differences will reverse at some time in the future. Differences in classification may also result from the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. The fund’s tax-basis capital gains and losses are determined only at the end of each fiscal year.

At July 31, 2007, the cost of investment securities for tax purposes was $406,970,000. Net unrealized appreciation of investment securities for tax purposes was $12,865,000 consisting of unrealized gains of $24,504,000 on securities that had risen in value since their purchase and $11,639,000 in unrealized losses on securities that had fallen in value since their purchase.

E. During the six months ended July 31, 2007, the fund purchased $147,343,000 of investment securities and sold $3,909,000 of investment securities other than temporary cash investments.

F. The market value of securities on loan to broker-dealers at July 31, 2007, was $565,000, for which the fund received cash collateral of $600,000.

G. Capital share transactions for each class of shares were:

 

 

Six Months Ended

April 21, 20061 to

 

July 31, 2007

January 31, 2007

 

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

 

($000)

(000)

($000)

(000)

Investor Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

111,403

5,061

164,261

7,978

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

1,199

54

586

28

Redeemed

(14,436)

(653)

(11,349)

(550)

Net Increase (Decrease)—Investor Shares

98,166

4,462

153,498

7,456

ETF Shares

 

 

 

 

Issued

44,751

808

136,841

2,628

Issued in Lieu of Cash Distributions

Redeemed

(31,532)

(600)

Net Increase (Decrease)—ETF Shares

44,751

808

105,309

2,028

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 Inception.

 

 

17

 


H. In June 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” FIN 48 establishes the minimum threshold for recognizing, and a system for measuring, the benefits of tax-return positions in financial statements, effective for the fund’s current fiscal year. Management has analyzed the fund’s tax positions taken on its federal income tax return for the open tax year ended January 31, 2007, for purposes of implementing FIN 48, and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the fund’s financial statements.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18

 


About Your Fund’s Expenses

 

As a shareholder of the fund, you incur ongoing costs, which include costs for portfolio management, administrative services, and shareholder reports (like this one), among others. Operating expenses, which are deducted from a fund’s gross income, directly reduce the investment return of the fund.

A fund’s expenses are expressed as a percentage of its average net assets. This figure is known as the expense ratio. The following examples are intended to help you understand the ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in your fund and to compare these costs with those of other mutual funds. The examples are based on an investment of $1,000 made at the beginning of the period shown and held for the entire period.

The table below illustrates your fund’s costs in two ways:

• Based on actual fund return. This section helps you to estimate the actual expenses that you paid over the period. The “Ending Account Value” shown is derived from the fund’s actual return, and the third column shows the dollar amount that would have been paid by an investor who started with $1,000 in the fund. You may use the information here, together with the amount you invested, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period.

To do so, simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number given for your fund under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period.”

• Based on hypothetical 5% yearly return. This section is intended to help you compare your fund’s costs with those of other mutual funds. It assumes that the fund had a yearly return of 5% before expenses, but that the expense ratio is unchanged. In this case—because the return used is not the fund’s actual return—the results do not apply to your investment. The example is useful in making comparisons because the Securities and Exchange Commission requires all mutual funds to calculate expenses based on a 5% return. You can assess your fund’s costs by comparing this hypothetical example with the hypothetical examples that appear in shareholder reports of other funds.

 

Six Months Ended July 31, 2007

 

 

 

 

Beginning

Ending

Expenses

 

Account Value

Account Value

Paid During

Dividend Appreciation Index Fund

1/31/2007

7/31/2007

Period1

Based on Actual Fund Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,014.17

$2.00

ETF Shares

1,000.00

1,014.54

1.40

Based on Hypothetical 5% Return

 

 

 

Investor Shares

$1,000.00

$1,022.81

$2.01

ETF Shares

1,000.00

1,023.41

1.40

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 These calculations are based on expenses incurred in the most recent six-month period. The fund’s annualized six-month expense ratios for that period are 0.40% for Investor Shares and 0.28% for ETF Shares. The dollar amounts shown as “Expenses Paid” are equal to the annualized expense ratio multiplied by the average account value over the period, multiplied by the number of days in the most recent six-month period, then divided by the number of days in the most recent 12-month period.

 

19

 


Note that the expenses shown on page 19 are meant to highlight and help you compare ongoing costs only and do not reflect transaction costs incurred by the fund for buying and selling securities. Further, the expenses do not include any account service fee described in the prospectus. If such a fee were applied to your account, your costs would be higher. Your fund does not charge transaction fees, such as purchase or redemption fees, nor does it carry a “sales load.”

The calculations assume no shares were bought or sold during the period. Your actual costs may have been higher or lower, depending on the amount of your investment and the timing of any purchases or redemptions.

You can find more information about the fund’s expenses, including annual expense ratios, in the Financial Statements section of this report. For additional information on operating expenses and other shareholder costs, please refer to the appropriate fund prospectus.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

 


Trustees Approve Advisory Arrangement

 

The board of trustees of Vanguard Dividend Appreciation Index Fund has renewed the fund’s investment advisory arrangement with The Vanguard Group, Inc. Vanguard—through its Quantitative Equity Group—serves as investment advisor for the fund. The board determined that continuing the fund’s internalized management structure was in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.

The board based its decision upon an evaluation of the advisor’s investment staff, portfolio management process, and performance. The trustees considered the factors discussed below, among others. However, no single factor determined whether the board approved the arrangement. Rather, it was the totality of the circumstances that drove the board’s decision.

Nature, extent, and quality of services

The board considered the quality of the fund’s investment management since its inception in 2006, and took into account the organizational depth and stability of the firm. Vanguard has been managing investments for more than two decades. George U. Sauter, Vanguard managing director and chief investment officer, has been in the investment management business since 1985. Mr. Sauter has led the Quantitative Equity Group since 1987. The Quantitative Equity Group adheres to a sound, disciplined investment management process; the team has considerable experience, stability, and depth.

The board concluded that Vanguard’s experience, stability, depth, and performance, among other factors, warranted continuation of the advisory arrangement.

Investment performance

The board considered the fund’s performance since inception, noting that the fund’s performance has been competitive versus its target index and the average return of its peer group. The board concluded that the fund has performed in line with expectations, and its results have been consistent with the fund’s investment strategy. Information about the fund’s most recent performance can be found in the Performance Summary section of this report.

Cost

The board concluded that the fund’s expense ratio was far below the average expense ratio charged by funds in its peer group. The board noted that the fund’s advisory expense ratio was also well below its peer-group average. Information about the fund’s expense ratio appears in the About Your Fund’s Expenses section of this report as well as in the Financial Statements section.

The board does not conduct a profitability analysis of Vanguard because of Vanguard’s unique “at-cost” structure. Unlike most other mutual fund management companies, Vanguard is owned by the funds it oversees, and produces “profits” only in the form of reduced expenses for fund shareholders.

The benefit of economies of scale

The board concluded that the fund’s low-cost arrangement with Vanguard ensures that the fund will realize economies of scale as it grows, with the cost to shareholders declining as the fund’s assets increase.

The board will consider whether to renew the advisory arrangement again after a one-year period.

 

 

 

 

 

 

21

 


Glossary

 

Earnings Growth Rate. The average annual rate of growth in earnings over the past five years for the stocks now in a fund.

Expense Ratio. The percentage of a fund’s average net assets used to pay its annual administrative and advisory expenses. These expenses directly reduce returns to investors.

Foreign Holdings. The percentage of a fund represented by stocks or depositary receipts of companies based outside the United States.

Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund (or one of its share classes) are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is measured from the inception date.

Median Market Cap. An indicator of the size of companies in which a fund invests; the midpoint of market capitalization (market price x shares outstanding) of a fund’s stocks, weighted by the proportion of the fund’s assets invested in each stock. Stocks representing half of the fund’s assets have market capitalizations above the median, and the rest are below it.

Price/Book Ratio. The share price of a stock divided by its net worth, or book value, per share. For a fund, the weighted average price/book ratio of the stocks it holds.

Price/Earnings Ratio. The ratio of a stock’s current price to its per-share earnings over the past year. For a fund, the weighted average P/E of the stocks it holds. P/E is an indicator of market expectations about corporate prospects; the higher the P/E, the greater the expectations for a company’s future growth.

Return on Equity. The annual average rate of return generated by a company during the past five years for each dollar of shareholder’s equity (net income divided by shareholder’s equity). For a fund, the weighted average return on equity for the companies whose stocks it holds.

Short-Term Reserves. The percentage of a fund invested in highly liquid, short-term securities that can be readily converted to cash.

Turnover Rate. An indication of the fund’s trading activity. Funds with high turnover rates incur higher transaction costs and may be more likely to distribute capital gains (which may be taxable to investors). The turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions, which have minimal impact on costs.

Yield. A snapshot of a fund’s income from interest and dividends. The yield, expressed as a percentage of the fund’s net asset value, is based on income earned over the past 30 days and is annualized, or projected forward for the coming year. The index yield is based on the current annualized rate of income provided by securities in the index.

 

 

 

 

 

22

 


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The People Who Govern Your Fund

 

The trustees of your mutual fund are there to see that the fund is operated and managed in your best interests since, as a shareholder, you are a part owner of the fund. Your fund’s trustees also serve on the board of directors of The Vanguard Group, Inc., which is owned by the Vanguard funds and provides services to them on an at-cost basis.

A majority of Vanguard’s board members are independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with Vanguard or the funds they oversee, apart from the sizable personal investments they have made as private individuals.

Our independent board members bring distinguished backgrounds in business, academia, and public service to their task of working with Vanguard officers to establish the policies and oversee the activities of the funds. Among board members’ responsibilities are selecting investment advisors for the funds; monitoring fund operations, performance, and costs; reviewing contracts; nominating and selecting new trustees/directors; and electing Vanguard officers.

Each trustee serves a fund until its termination; or until the trustee’s retirement, resignation, or death; or otherwise as specified in the fund’s organizational documents. Any trustee may be removed at a shareholders’ meeting by a vote representing two-thirds of the net asset value of all shares of the fund together with shares of other Vanguard funds organized within the same trust. The table on these two pages shows information for each trustee and executive officer of the fund. The mailing address of the trustees and officers is P.O. Box 876, Valley Forge, PA 19482.

 

Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and Trustee

 

 

John J. Brennan1

 

Born 1954

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman of the Board, Chief

Trustee since May 1987;

Executive Officer, and Director/Trustee of The Vanguard Group, Inc., and of each

Chairman of the Board and

of the investment companies served by The Vanguard Group.

Chief Executive Officer

 

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

 

 

 

Independent Trustees

 

 

 

Charles D. Ellis

 

Born 1937

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Applecore Partners (pro bono

Trustee since January 2001

ventures in education); Senior Advisor to Greenwich Associates (international

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

business strategy consulting); Successor Trustee of Yale University; Overseer of

 

the Stern School of Business at New York University; Trustee of the Whitehead

 

Institute for Biomedical Research.

 

 

Rajiv L. Gupta

 

Born 1945

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, and

Trustee since December 20012

Chief Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Board Member of

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

the American Chemistry Council; Director of Tyco International, Ltd. (diversified

 

manufacturing and services) since 2005; Trustee of Drexel University and of the

 

Chemical Heritage Foundation.

 

 

Amy Gutmann

 

Born 1949

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: President of the University of

Trustee since June 2006

Pennsylvania since 2004; Professor in the School of Arts and Sciences,

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Annenberg School for Communication, and Graduate School of Education of the

 

University of Pennsylvania since 2004; Provost (2001–2004) and Laurance S.

 

Rockefeller Professor of Politics and the University Center for Human Values

 

(1990–2004), Princeton University; Director of Carnegie Corporation of New York

 

since 2005 and of Schuylkill River Development Corporation and Greater

 

Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce since 2004.

 

 

 

 


JoAnn Heffernan Heisen

 

Born 1950

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Corporate Vice President and

Trustee since July 1998

Chief Global Diversity Officer since 2006, Vice President and Chief Information

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Officer (1997–2005), and Member of the Executive Committee of Johnson &

 

Johnson (pharmaceuticals/consumer products); Director of the University Medical

 

Center at Princeton and Women’s Research and Education Institute.

 

 

André F. Perold

 

Born 1952

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: George Gund Professor of

Trustee since December 2004

Finance and Banking, Harvard Business School; Senior Associate Dean, Director

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

of Faculty Recruiting, and Chair of Finance Faculty, Harvard Business School;

 

Director and Chairman of UNX, Inc. (equities trading firm) since 2003; Chair of the

 

Investment Committee of HighVista Strategies LLC (private investment firm) since

 

2005.

 

 

Alfred M. Rankin, Jr.

 

Born 1941

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Chairman, President, Chief

Trustee since January 1993

Executive Officer, and Director of NACCO Industries, Inc. (forklift

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

trucks/housewares/lignite); Director of Goodrich Corporation (industrial

 

products/aircraft systems and services).

 

 

 

 

J. Lawrence Wilson

 

Born 1936

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Retired Chairman and Chief

Trustee since April 1985

Executive Officer of Rohm and Haas Co. (chemicals); Director of Cummins Inc.

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

(diesel engines) and AmerisourceBergen Corp. (pharmaceutical distribution);

 

Trustee of Vanderbilt University and of Culver Educational Foundation.

 

 

Executive Officers1

 

 

 

Thomas J. Higgins

 

Born 1957

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Principal of The Vanguard

Treasurer since July 1998

Group, Inc.;Treasurer of each of the investment companies served by The

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

Vanguard Group.

 

 

 

 

Heidi Stam

 

Born 1956

Principal Occupation(s) During the Past Five Years: Managing Director of The

Secretary since July 2005

Vanguard Group, Inc., since 2006; General Counsel of The Vanguard Group since

147 Vanguard Funds Overseen

2005; Secretary of The Vanguard Group, and of each of the investment companies

 

served by The Vanguard Group, since 2005; Principal of The Vanguard Group

 

(1997–2006).

 

 

 

Vanguard Senior Management Team

 

 

 

 

 

 

R. Gregory Barton

Kathleen C. Gubanich

F. William McNabb, III

Ralph K. Packard

Mortimer J. Buckley

Paul A. Heller

Michael S. Miller

George U. Sauter

 

Founder

 

John C. Bogle

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, 1974–1996

 

 

1 Officers of the funds are “interested persons” as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

2 December 2002 for Vanguard Equity Income Fund, Vanguard Growth Equity Fund, the Vanguard Municipal Bond Funds, and the Vanguard State Tax-Exempt Funds.

More information about the trustees is in the Statement of Additional Information, available from The Vanguard Group.

 


 


P.O. Box 2600

Valley Forge, PA 19482-2600

 

Connect with Vanguard® > www.vanguard.com

 

Fund Information > 800-662-7447

All comparative mutual fund data are from Lipper Inc.

 

or Morningstar, Inc., unless otherwise noted.

Direct Investor Account Services > 800-662-2739

 

 

 

Institutional Investor Services > 800-523-1036

You can obtain a free copy of Vanguard’s proxy voting

 

guidelines by visiting our website, www.vanguard.com,

Text Telephone for People

and searching for “proxy voting guidelines,” or by

With Hearing Impairment > 800-952-3335

calling Vanguard at 800-662-2739. They are also

 

available from the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. In

 

addition, you may obtain a free report on how your fund

 

voted the proxies for securities it owned during the 12

This material may be used in conjunction

months ended June 30. To get the report, visit either

with the offering of shares of any Vanguard

www.vanguard.com or www.sec.gov.

fund only if preceded or accompanied by

 

the fund’s current prospectus.

You can review and copy information about your fund

 

at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington,

Vanguard, Vanguard ETF, Connect with Vanguard, and

D.C.To find out more about this public service, call the

the ship logo are trademarks of The Vanguard Group,

SEC at 202-551-8090. Information about your fund is

Inc.

also available on the SEC’s website, and you can

 

receive copies of this information, for a fee, by sending

“Dividend Achievers” is a trademark of Mergent, Inc.,and

a request in either of two ways: via e-mail addressed to

has been licensed for use by The Vanguard Group,Inc.

publicinfo@sec.gov or via regular mail addressed to the

Vanguard mutual funds are not sponsored, endorsed,

Public Reference Section, Securities and Exchange

sold, or promoted by Mergent, and Mergent makes no

Commission, Washington, DC 20549-0102.

representation regarding the advisability of investing in

 

the funds.

 

 

 

All other marks are the exclusive property of their

 

respective owners.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

© 2007 The Vanguard Group, Inc.

 

All rights reserved.

 

Vanguard Marketing Corporation, Distributor.

 

 

 

Q6022 092007

 

 

 




Item 2: Not Applicable.

 

Item 3: Not Applicable.

 

Item 4: Not Applicable.

 

Item 5: Not Applicable.

 

Item 6: Not Applicable.

 

Item 7: Not applicable.

 

Item 8: Not Applicable.

 

Item 9: Not Applicable.

 

Item 10: Not Applicable.

 

 

Item 11: Controls and Procedures.

(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Principal Executive and Financial Officers concluded that the Registrant's Disclosure Controls and Procedures are effective based on their evaluation of the Disclosure Controls and Procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this report.

(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no significant changes in Registrant’s Internal Control Over Financial Reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect this control subsequent to the date of the evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

Item 12: Exhibits.

 

 

(a)

Certifications.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

VANGUARD SPECIALIZED FUNDS

 

 

BY:

(signature)

 

(HEIDI STAM)

 

JOHN J. BRENNAN*

 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

 

Date September 11, 2007

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

 

VANGUARD SPECIALIZED FUNDS

 

 

BY:

(signature)

 

(HEIDI STAM)

 

JOHN J. BRENNAN*

 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

 

Date: September 11, 2007

 

 

VANGUARD SPECIALIZED FUNDS

 

 

BY:

(signature)

 

(HEIDI STAM)

 

THOMAS J HIGGINS*

 

TREASURER

 

Date: September 11, 2007

 

*By Power of Attorney. See File Number 333-145624, filed on August 22, 2007. Incorporated by Reference.