10-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One) 

☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022

 OR 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the transition period from ----- to -----

Commission file number 001-38669

LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		83-1269307 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor San Francisco, CA (Address of Principal Executive Offices)		94104 (Zip Code)
(866) 352-3267 (Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.10 Par Value	RAMP	New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
	Yes [X]	No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
	Yes [ ]	No [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
	Yes [X]	No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
	Yes [X]	No [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [X]	Accelerated filer   [ ]
Non-accelerated filer [ ]	Smaller reporting company ☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. [☒]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
	Yes  ☐	No  [X]

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.10 par value per share, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter as reported on the New York Stock Exchange was approximately $2,795,923,382. (For purposes of determination of the above stated amount only, all directors, executive officers and 10% or more shareholders of the registrant are presumed to be affiliates.) 

The number of shares of common stock, $0.10 par value per share, outstanding as of May 19, 2022 was 68,410,454.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (“2022 Proxy Statement”) of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (“LiveRamp,” the “Company,” “we”, “us”, or “our”) are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K. 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
Documents Incorporated by Reference		2
Part I
Availability of SEC Filings and Corporate Governance Information; Cautionary Statements		4
Item 1.	Business	7
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	19
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	32
Item 2.	Properties	32
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	32
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	32
Part II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	33
Item 6.	Reserved	35
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	35
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	36
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	36
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	36
Item 9B.	Other Information	37
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	37
	Part III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	38
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	38
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	39
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	40
Item 14.	Principal Accountant Fees and Services	40
	Part IV
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	41
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	45
	Signatures	46
	Index to Financial Supplement to Annual Report	F-1

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PART I

AVAILABILITY OF SEC FILINGS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION

Our website address is www.liveramp.com, where copies of documents that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) may be obtained free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after being filed electronically. Included among those documents are our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”). Copies may also be obtained through the SEC’s EDGAR site at the website address http://www.sec.gov, or by sending a written request for copies to LiveRamp Investor Relations, 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, California 94104. Copies of all our SEC filings were available on our website during the past fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition, at the “Corporate Governance” section included in the investor relations section of our website, we have posted copies of our Corporate Governance Principles, the charters for the Audit/Finance, Compensation, Executive, and Governance/Nominating Committees of the Board of Directors, the codes of ethics applicable to directors, financial personnel and all employees, and other information relating to the governance of the Company. Although referenced herein, information contained on or connected to our corporate website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K and should not be considered part of this report or any other filing we make with the SEC.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS RELEVANT TO FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including, without limitation, the items set forth beginning on page F-2 in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains and may incorporate by reference certain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended (the “PSLRA”), and that are intended to enjoy the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the PSLRA. These statements, which are not statements of historical fact, may contain estimates, assumptions, projections and/or expectations regarding the Company’s financial position, results of operations, market position, product development, growth opportunities, economic conditions, and other similar forecasts and statements of expectation. Forward-looking statements are often identified by words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “foresee,” or the negative of these terms or other similar variations thereof. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause the Company’s actual results and experiences to differ materially from the anticipated results and expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements may include but are not limited to the following:

•management’s expectations about the macro economy and trends within the consumer or business information industries, including the use of data and consumer expectations related thereto;

•statements regarding our competitive position within our industry and our differentiation strategies;

•our expectations regarding laws, regulations and industry practices governing the collection and use of personal data;

•our expectations regarding the potential impact of the pandemic related to the current and continuing outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus ("COVID-19") on our business, operations, and the markets in which we and our partners and customers operate;

•our expectations regarding the effect of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act") and other tax-related legislation on our tax provision;

•statements regarding our liquidity needs or containing a projection of revenues, operating income (loss), income (loss), earnings (loss) per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure, or other financial items;

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•statements of the plans and objectives of management for future operations, including, but not limited to, those statements contained under the heading “Growth Strategy” in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

•statements of future performance, including, but not limited to, those statements contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K;

•statements regarding future stock-based compensation expense;

•statements containing any assumptions underlying or relating to any of the above statements; and

•statements containing a projection or estimate.

Among the factors that may cause actual results and expectations to differ from anticipated results and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are the following:

•the risk factors described in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report and those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the SEC;

•the possibility that, in the event a change of control of the Company is sought, certain clients may attempt to invoke provisions in their contracts allowing for termination upon a change in control, which may result in a decline in revenue and profit;

•the possibility that the integration of acquired businesses may not be as successful as planned;

•the possibility that the fair value of certain of our assets may not be equal to the carrying value of those assets now or in future time periods;

•the possibility that sales cycles may lengthen;

•the possibility that we will not be able to properly motivate our sales force or other employees;

•the possibility that we may not be able to attract and retain qualified technical and leadership employees, or that we may lose key employees to other organizations;

•the possibility that competent, competitive products, technologies or services will be introduced into the marketplace by other companies;

•the possibility that there will be changes in consumer or business information industries and markets that negatively impact the Company;

•the possibility that we will not be able to protect proprietary information and technology or to obtain necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms;

•the possibility that there will be changes in the judicial, legislative, regulatory, accounting, cultural and consumer environments affecting our business, including but not limited to litigation, investigations, legislation, regulations and customs impairing our ability to collect, process, manage, aggregate store and/or use data;

•the possibility that data suppliers might withdraw data from us, leading to our inability to provide certain products and services;

•the possibility that data purchasers will reduce their reliance on us by developing and using their own, or alternative, sources of data generally or with respect to certain data elements or categories;

•the possibility that we may enter into short-term contracts that would affect the predictability of our revenues;

•the possibility that the amount of volume-based and other transactional-based work will not be as expected;

•the possibility that we may experience a loss of data center capacity or capability or interruption of telecommunication links or power sources;

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•the possibility that we may experience failures or breaches of our network and data security systems, leading to potential adverse publicity, negative customer reaction, or liability to third parties;

•the possibility that our clients may cancel or modify their agreements with us, or may not make timely or complete payments due to the COVID-19 pandemic or other factors;

•the possibility that we will not successfully meet customer contract requirements or the service levels specified in the contracts, which may result in contract penalties or lost revenue;

•the possibility that we experience processing errors that result in credits to customers, re-performance of services or payment of damages to customers;

•the possibility that our performance may decline and we lose advertisers and revenue as the use of "third-party cookies" or other tracking technology continues to be pressured by Internet users, restricted or otherwise subject to unfavorable regulation, blocked or limited by technical changes on end users' devices, or our or our clients' ability to use data on our platform is otherwise restricted;

•general and global negative conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic and related causes; and

•our tax rate and other effects of the changes to U.S. federal tax law.

With respect to the provision of products or services outside our primary base of operations in the United States, all of the above factors apply, along with the difficulty of doing business in numerous sovereign jurisdictions due to differences in scale, competition, culture, laws and regulations.

Other factors are detailed from time to time in periodic reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. The Company believes that it has the product and technology offerings, facilities, employees and competitive and financial resources for continued business success, but future revenues, costs, margins and profits are all influenced by a number of factors, including those discussed above, all of which are inherently difficult to forecast.

In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements and such risks, uncertainties and assumptions speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto, or any other change based on the occurrence of future events, the receipt of new information or otherwise, except to the extent otherwise required by law.

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Item 1.  Business

LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. ("LiveRamp", "we", "us", or the "Company") is a global technology company with a vision of making it safe and easy for companies to use data. We provide a best-in-class enterprise data enablement platform that helps organizations better leverage customer data within and outside their four walls. Powered by core identity capabilities and an extensive network, LiveRamp enables companies and their partners to better connect, control, and activate data to transform customer experiences and generate more valuable business outcomes.

LiveRamp is a Delaware corporation headquartered in San Francisco, California. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAMP.” We serve a global client base from locations in the United States, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) region. Our direct client list includes many of the world’s largest and best-known brands across most major industry verticals, including but not limited to financial, insurance and investment services, retail, automotive, telecommunications, high tech, consumer packaged goods, healthcare, travel, entertainment, non-profit, and government. Through our extensive reseller and partnership network, we serve thousands of additional companies, establishing LiveRamp as a foundational and neutral enabler of the customer experience economy.

Industry

We are experiencing a convergence of several key industry trends that are shaping the future of how data is used to power the customer experience economy. Some of these key industry trends include:

Growing Data Usage

Advances in software and hardware and the growing use of the Internet have made it possible to collect and rapidly process massive amounts of personal data. Data vendors are able to collect user information across a wide range of offline and online properties and connected devices, and to aggregate and combine it with other data sources. With proper permissions, this data can be integrated with a company's own proprietary data and can be made non-identifiable if the use case requires it. Through the use of data, marketers and publishers can more effectively acquire customers, elevate their lifetime value, and serve their needs.

Growing Complexity

The customer experience economy has evolved significantly in recent years, driven by rapid innovation and an explosion of data, channels, devices, and applications. Historically, brands interacted with consumers through a limited number of channels, with limited visibility into the activities taking place. Today, companies interact with consumers across a growing number of touchpoints, including online, social, mobile and point-of-sale. The billions of interactions that take place each day between brands and consumers create a trove of valuable data that can be harnessed to power better interactions and experiences. However, most enterprise marketers remain unable to navigate through the complexity to effectively leverage this data.

Additionally, innovation has fueled the growth of a highly-fragmented technology landscape, forcing companies to contend with thousands of marketing technologies and data silos. To make every customer experience relevant across channels and devices, organizations need a trusted platform that can break down those silos, make data portable, and accurately recognize individuals throughout the customer journey. Marketing is becoming more audience-centric, automated, and optimized. However, several important factors still prevent data from being used effectively to optimize the customer experience:

•Identity. For organizations to target audiences at the individual level, they must be able to recognize consumers across all channels and devices, and link multiple identifiers and data elements back to a persistent identifier to create a single view of the customer. The evolving digital identity landscape further highlights the importance of authenticated, first-party identity.

•Scaled Data Assets. Quality, depth, and recency of data matter when deriving linkages between identifiers. Organizations must have access to an extensive set of data and be able to match that data with a high degree of accuracy to perform true cross-device audience targeting and measurement.

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•Connectivity. The fragmented marketing landscape creates a need for a common network of integrations that make it easy and safe to connect and activate data anywhere in the ecosystem.

•Data Control. Organizations are increasingly looking to collaborate with their most important partners but do not want to give up control of their data or, in certain cases, do not want their data to leave their environment.

•Walled Gardens. Walled gardens, or marketing platforms that restrict the use of data outside of their walls, are becoming more pervasive and can result in loss of control, lack of transparency, and fragmented brand experiences. Organizations need a solution that enables an open ecosystem and ensures complete control over customer data, along with the flexibility to choose a diversified approach to meeting marketing goals.

•Data Governance. Preserving brand integrity while delivering positive customer experiences is a top priority for every company. Organizations must be able to manage large sets of complex data ethically, securely, within legal boundaries, and in a way that protects consumers from harm. Importantly, they must also honor consumer preferences and put procedures in place that enable individuals to control how, when and for what reasons companies collect and use information about them.

Increasing Fragmentation

Today, customer journeys span multiple channels and devices over time, resulting in data silos and fragmented identities. As consumers engage with brands across various touchpoints – over the web, mobile devices and applications, by email and television, and in physical stores – they may not be represented as single unique individuals with complex behaviors, appearing instead as disparate data points with dozens of different identifiers. Becky Smith who lives at 123 Main Street may appear as beckys@acme.com when she uses Facebook, becky@yahoo.com when she signs into Yahoo Finance, cookie 123 when she browses msn.com, cookie ABC when she browses aol.com, device ID 234 on Hulu and so on. As a result, enterprise marketers struggle to understand the cross-channel, cross-device habits of consumers and the different steps they take on their path to conversion. More specifically, data silos and fragmented identities prevent companies from being able to resolve all relevant data to a specific individual; this poses a challenge to the formation of accurate, actionable insights about a brand’s consumers or campaigns.

Marketing Waste

Every day, brands spend billions of dollars on advertising and marketing, yet many of the messages they deliver are irrelevant, repetitive, mistimed, or simply reach the wrong audience. In addition, as the marketing landscape continues to grow and splinter across a growing array of online and offline channels, it is increasingly difficult to attribute marketing spend to a measurable outcome, such as an in-store visit or sale. Wasted marketing spend is largely driven by the fragmented ecosystem of brands, data providers, marketing applications, media providers, and agencies that are involved in the marketing process, but operate without cohesion. Without a common understanding of consumer identity to unify otherwise siloed data, brands are unable to define accurate audience segments and derive insights that would enable better decision making.

Heightened Privacy and Security Concerns

In the era of regulation such as the European General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR") and the California Consumer Privacy Act ("CCPA"), diligence in the areas of consumer privacy and security is and will continue to be paramount. Consumer understanding of the benefits of marketing technology often lags the pace of innovation, giving rise to new demands from government agencies and consumer advocacy groups across the world. These factors challenge the liability every company faces when managing and activating consumer data.

Marketing and Customer Experience in the Data-Driven Era

As the world becomes more multichannel, consumer behavior is rapidly shifting, and organizations are increasingly realizing that true competitive advantage lies in providing meaningful customer experiences – experiences that are personalized, relevant and cohesive across all channels and interactions. Experience is the key to brand differentiation and retention. Companies that fail to prioritize customer experience as a strategic growth initiative will simply get left behind.

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In concert, consumer expectations are also at an all-time high. Consumers are demanding personalization – and, in this new area, every consumer interaction has the potential to be individually relevant, addressable, and measurable.

Data is at the center of exceptional customer experiences but is still vastly underutilized. Organizations must capture, analyze, understand – and, most importantly use – customer data to power the customer experience. By understanding which devices, email addresses, and postal addresses relate to the same individual, enterprise marketers can leverage that insight to deliver seamless experiences as consumers engage with a company across all touchpoints. At the same time, by reaching consumers at the individual level, organizations can reduce marketing waste and more easily attribute their marketing spend to actual results. Enterprise marketers recognize the huge opportunity big data brings, yet many admit they are not using their data effectively to drive their customer experience.

Our Approach

Companies want to enable better decisions, improve return on investment and deliver better experiences to their customers – and it all begins with data. However, given the rapid adoption of new platforms and channels, enterprise marketers remain plagued by fragmented data – resulting in a shallow, incomplete or incorrect understanding of the people with whom they do business. Data today is still too hard to access, too hard to make sense of and too hard to activate across all the touchpoints where it could power better decision-making and better experiences. Data fragmentation is one of the key reasons companies struggle to deliver relevant, consistent and meaningful experiences to their customers. Our mission is to break down silos and make data safe and easy to use. Leveraging our core capabilities in data access, identity resolution, connectivity and data stewardship, we create the foundation from which the ecosystem can deliver innovative products and services.

We are middleware for the customer experience economy. LiveRamp provides the trusted platform that sits in between customer data and the thousands of applications that data could power. We make data consistent, consumable and portable. We ensure the seamless connection of data to and from the customer experience applications our customers use and the partners with which they collaborate. We empower businesses to make data more accessible and create richer, more meaningful experiences for their customers.

The LiveRamp Enterprise Platform

As depicted in the graphic below, we power the industry’s leading enterprise data enablement platform, Safe Haven. We enable organizations to access and leverage data more effectively across the applications they use to interact with their customers. A core component of our platform is the omnichannel, deterministic identity asset that sits at its center. Leveraging deep expertise in identity and data collaboration, the Safe Haven platform enables an organization to unify customer and prospect data (first-, second-, or third-party) to build a single view of the customer in a way that protects consumer privacy. This single customer view can then be enhanced and activated across any of the 550 partners in our ecosystem in order to support a variety of people-based marketing solutions, including:

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•Activation. We enable organizations to leverage their customer and prospect data in the digital and TV ecosystems and across the customer experience applications they use through a safe and secure data matching process called data onboarding. Our technology ingests a customer’s first-party data, removes all offline data (personally identifiable information or "PII"), and replaces them with anonymized IDs called RampID™, a true people-based identifier. RampID can then be distributed through direct integrations to the top platforms our customers work with, including leading marketing cloud providers, publishers and social networks, personalization tools, and connected TV services.

•Measurement & Analytics. We power more accurate, more complete measurement with the measurement vendors and partners our customers use. Our platform allows customers to combine disparate data files (typically ad exposure and customer events, like transactions), replacing customer identifiers with RampID. Customers then can use that aggregated view of each customer for measurement of reach and frequency, sales lift, closed loop offline to online conversion and cross-channel attribution.

•Identity. We provide enterprise-level identity solutions that enable organizations to: 1) resolve and connect disparate identities, 2) enrich data sets with hygiene capabilities and additional audience data from Data Marketplace providers, and 3) translate data between different systems. Our approach to identity is built from two complementary graphs, combining offline data and online data and providing the highest level of accuracy with a focus on privacy. LiveRamp technology for PII gives brands and platforms the ability to connect and update what they know about consumers, resolving PII across enterprise databases and systems to deliver better customer experiences in a privacy-conscious manner. Our digital identity graph powered by our Authenticated Traffic Solution (or "ATS") associates pseudonymous device IDs, TV IDs and other online customer IDs from premium publishers, platforms or data providers, around a RampID. This allows marketers to perform the personalized segmentation, targeting, and measurement use cases that require a consistent view of the user. There are currently more than 125 supply-side platforms live or committed to bid on RampID or ATS. In addition, to date more than 1,500 publishers, representing more than 11,000 publisher domains, have integrated ATS worldwide.

•Data Collaboration. We enable trusted second-party data collaboration between organizations and their partners in a neutral, permissioned environment. Our platform provides customers with collaborative opportunities to safely and securely build a more accurate, dynamic view of their customers leveraging partner data. Advanced measurement and analytics use cases can be performed on this shared data without either party giving up control or compromising privacy.

•Data Marketplace. Our Data Marketplace provides customers with simplified access to trusted, industry- leading third-party data globally. The Safe Haven platform allows for the search, discovery and distribution of data to improve targeting, measurement, and customer intelligence. Data accessed through our Data Marketplace is connected via RampID and is utilized to enrich our customers’ first-party data and can be leveraged across technology and media platforms, agencies, analytics environments, and TV partners. Our platform also provides tools for data providers to manage the organization, distribution, and operation of their data and services across our network of customers and partners. Today we work with more than 200 data providers across all verticals and data types (see below for discussion on Marketplace and Other).

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Consumer privacy and data protection, what we call Data Ethics, are at the center of how we design our products and services. Accordingly, the Safe Haven platform operates with technical, operational, and personnel controls designed to keep our customers’ data private and secure.

Our solutions are sold to enterprise marketers and the companies they partner with to execute their marketing, including agencies, marketing technology providers, publishers and data providers. Today, we work with 905 direct customers world-wide, including approximately 25% of the Fortune 500, and serve thousands of additional customers indirectly through our reseller partnership arrangements.

•Brands and Agencies. We work with over 450 of the largest brands and agencies in the world, helping them execute people-based marketing by creating an omni-channel understanding of the consumer and activating that understanding across their choice of best-of-breed digital marketing platforms.

•Marketing Technology Providers. We provide marketing technology providers with the identity foundation required to offer people-based targeting, measurement and personalization within their platforms. This adds value for brands by increasing reach, as well as the speed at which they can activate their marketing data.

•Publishers. We enable publishers of any size to offer people-based marketing on their properties. This adds value for brands by providing direct access to their customers and prospects in the publisher's premium inventory.

•Data Owners. Leveraging our vast network of integrations, we allow data owners to easily connect to the digital ecosystem and monetize their own data. Data can be distributed to clients or made available through the LiveRamp Data Marketplace feature. This adds value for brands as it allows them to augment their understanding of consumers and increase both their reach against and understanding of customers and prospects.

We primarily charge for our platform on an annual subscription basis. Our subscription pricing is based primarily on data volume, which is a function of data input records and connection points.

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Marketplace and Other

As we have scaled the LiveRamp network and technology, we have found additional ways to leverage our platform, deliver more value to clients and create incremental revenue streams. Leveraging our common identity system and broad integration network, the LiveRamp Data Marketplace is a solution that seamlessly connects data owners’ audience data across the marketing ecosystem. The Data Marketplace allows data owners to easily monetize their data across hundreds of marketing platforms and publishers with a single contract. At the same time, it provides a single gateway where data buyers, including platforms and publishers, in addition to brands and their agencies, can access third-party data from more than 200 data providers, supporting all industries and encompassing all types of data. Data providers include sources and brands exclusive to LiveRamp, emerging platforms with access to previously unavailable deterministic data, and data partnerships enabled by our platform.

We generate revenue from the Data Marketplace primarily through revenue-sharing arrangements with data owners that are monetizing their data assets on our marketplace. We also generate Marketplace and Other revenue through transactional usage-based arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

Competitive Strengths

Our competitive strengths can be mapped back to our core capabilities around data access, identity, connectivity and data stewardship – which together create strong network effects that form a larger strategic moat around the entire business.

•Extensive Coverage. We activate data across an ecosystem of more than 550 partners, representing one of the largest networks of connections in the digital marketing space. We use 100% deterministic matching, resulting in the strongest combination of reach and accuracy. Through our Data Marketplace, we offer multi-sourced insight into approximately 700 million consumers worldwide, and over 5,000 data elements from hundreds of sources with permission rights.

•Most Advanced Consumer-Level Recognition. Our proprietary, patented recognition technology draws upon an extensive historical reference base to identify and link together multiple consumer records and identifiers. We use the pioneering algorithms of AbiliTec® and deterministic digital matching to link individuals and households to the right digital identifiers including cookies, mobile device IDs, Advanced TV IDs, and user accounts at social networks. As a result, we are able to match online and offline data with a high degree of speed and accuracy.

•Scale Leader in Data Connectivity. We are a category creator and one of the largest providers of identity and data connectivity at scale. We match records with the highest level of accuracy and offer the most flexibility for activating data through our extensive set of integrations. Our platform processes more than 4 trillion data records daily.

•Unique Position in Marketing Ecosystem. We are one of the only open and neutral data connectivity platforms operating at large scale. We provide the data connectivity required to build best-of-breed integrated marketing stacks, allowing our customers to innovate through their preferred choice of data, technology, and services providers. We strive to make every customer experience application more valuable by providing access to more customer data. We enable the open marketing stack and power the open ecosystem.

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•Standard Bearer for Privacy and Security. LiveRamp has been a leader in data stewardship and a strong and vocal proponent of providing consumers with more visibility and control over their data. A few examples of our commitment in this area:

◦In all of our major geographies we have Privacy teams focused on the protection and responsible use of consumer data

◦The use of our privacy-enabled environment that allows marketers and partners to connect different types of data while protecting and governing its use

◦Industry-leading expertise in safely connecting data across the online and offline worlds

◦In fiscal 2020, the acquisition and integration of Faktor to streamline consent management across the open ecosystem. Faktor is a global consent management platform that allows consumers to better manage how and where their data is used.

•Strong Customer Relationships. We work with 905 direct customers world-wide and serve thousands of additional customers indirectly through our partner and reseller network. We have deep relationships with companies and marketing leaders in key industries, including financial services, retail, telecommunications, media, insurance, health care, automotive, technology, and travel and entertainment. Our customers are loyal and typically grow their use of the platform over time, as evidenced by our growth in the number of customers whose subscription contracts exceed $1 million in annual revenue.

Growth Strategy

LiveRamp is a category creator, thought leader and innovator in how data is used to power the customer experience. Key elements of our growth strategy include:

•Grow our Customer Base. We have strong relationships with many of the world’s largest brands, agencies, marketing technology providers, publishers and data providers. Today, we work with 905 direct customers globally; however, we believe our target market includes the world’s top 2,000 marketers, signaling there is still significant opportunity to add new customers to our roster. We expect to continue making investments in growing our sales and customer success team to support this strategy.

•Expand Existing Customer Relationships. A key growth lever for our business is the ability to land and expand – or grow existing customer relationships. Our subscription pricing is based on data volume, so over time, as customers expand their usage and leverage their data across more use cases, we are able to grow our relationships. As of March 31, 2022, we worked with 87 clients whose subscription contracts exceed $1 million in annual revenue, and as we continue to expand our coverage beyond programmatic, we expect to see this number grow.

•Continue to Innovate and Extend Leadership Position in Identity. We intend to establish LiveRamp as the standard for consumer-level recognition across the marketing ecosystem, providing a single source of user identity for audience targeting, measurement and personalization.

•Establish LiveRamp as the Trusted, Best and Essential Industry Standard for Connected Data and Collaboration. We intend to continue to make substantial investments in our platform and solutions and extend our market leadership through innovation. Our investments will focus on automation, speed, higher match rates, expanded partner integrations and use cases, and new product development.

•Expand Global Footprint. Many of our customers and partners serve their customers on a global basis, and we intend to expand our presence outside of the United States to serve the needs of our customers in additional geographies. As we expand relationships with our existing customers, we are investing in select regions in Europe and APAC.

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•Expand Addressable Market. Historically, our focus has been to enable data-driven advertising for paid media. As customers look to deploy data across additional use cases, we intend to power all customer experience use cases and expand our role inside the enterprise. Advanced TV, B2B and data collaboration are great examples of this strategy. In addition, over time, we intend to pursue adjacent markets beyond marketing, like risk and fraud, healthcare and government, where similar identity and data connectivity challenges exist.

•Build an Exceptional Business. We do not aspire to be mediocre, good, or even great – we intend to be the absolute best in everything we do. We attract and employ exceptional people, challenge them to accomplish exceptional things, and achieve exceptional results for our clients and shareholders. We will do this through six guiding principles: 1) Above all, we do what is right; 2) We love our customers; 3) We say what we mean and do what we say; 4) We empower people; 5) We respect people and time; and 6) We get stuff done.

Privacy Considerations

The growing online advertising and e-commerce industries are converging, with consumers expecting a seamless experience across all channels, in real time. This challenges marketing organizations to balance the deluge of data and demands of the consumer with responsible, privacy-compliant methods of managing data internally and with advertising technology intermediaries. 

We have policies and operational practices governing our use of data that are designed to actively promote a set of meaningful privacy guidelines for digital advertising and direct marketing via all channels of addressable media, e-commerce, risk management and information industries as a whole. Since the judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union ("EU") in July 2020, as part of our effort to ensure our continued ability to process information across borders we continue to adhere to the principles of the EU-U.S. and Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield networks, although we do not rely on those frameworks as a legal basis for transfers of personal data. We have dedicated teams in place to oversee our compliance with the data protection regulations that govern our business activities in the various countries in which we operate. 

The U.S. Congress and state legislatures, along with federal regulatory authorities, have recently increased their attention on matters concerning the collection and use of consumer data. Data privacy legislation has been introduced in the U.S. Congress, and California and Virginia have enacted broad-based privacy legislation: the California Consumer Privacy Act, the California Privacy Rights Act, and the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act. State legislatures outside of California and Virginia have proposed, and in certain cases enacted, a variety of types of data privacy legislation. In all of the non-U.S. locations in which we do business, laws and regulations governing the collection and use of personal data either exist or are being developed.

We expect the trend of enacting and revising data protection laws to continue and that new and expanded data privacy legislation in various forms will be implemented in the U.S. and in other countries around the globe. We are supportive of legislation that codifies current industry guidelines of accountability-based data governance that includes meaningful transparency for the individual, and appropriate controls over personal information and choice whether that information is shared with independent third parties for marketing purposes. We also support legislation requiring all custodians of sensitive information to deploy reasonable information security safeguards to protect that information.

Changes in laws and regulations and violations of laws or regulations by us could have a significant direct or indirect effect on our operations and financial condition, as detailed below and set forth under "Risk Factors-Risks Related to Government Regulation and Taxation."

Customers

Our customer base consists primarily of Fortune 1000 companies and organizations in the financial services, insurance, information services, direct marketing, retail, consumer packaged goods, technology, automotive, healthcare, travel and communications industries as well as in non-profit and government sectors. Given the strong network effects associated with our platform, we work with both enterprise marketers and the companies they partner with to execute their marketing, including agencies, marketing technology providers, publishers and data providers.

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We seek to maintain long-term relationships with our clients. Our customers are loyal and typically grow their use of the platform over time, as evidenced by our growing number of customers whose subscription contracts exceed $1 million in annual revenue, which totaled 87 at the end of fiscal year 2022, up from 70 the year prior.

Our ten largest clients represented approximately 28% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. If all of our individual client contractual relationships were aggregated at the holding company level, one client, The Interpublic Group of Companies, accounted for 11% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022.   

Sales and Marketing

Our sales teams focus on new business development across all markets – sales to new clients and sales of new lines of business to existing clients, as well as revenue growth within existing accounts. We organize our customer relationships around customer type and industry vertical, as we believe that understanding and speaking to the nuances of each industry is the most effective way to positively impact our customers’ businesses.

Our partner organization focuses on enabling key media partners, agencies and software providers who can help drive value for our customers.

Our marketing efforts are focused on increasing awareness for our brand, executing thought leadership initiatives, supporting our sales team and generating new leads. We seek to accomplish these objectives by hosting and presenting at industry conferences, hosting client advisory boards, publishing white papers and research, public relations activities, social media presence and advertising campaigns.

Research and Development

We continue to invest in our global data connectivity platform to enable effective use of data. Our research and development teams are focused on the full cycle of product development from customer discovery through development, testing and release. Research and development expense was $157.9 million in fiscal 2022, compared to $135.1 million in fiscal 2021, and $106.0 million in fiscal 2020. Management expects to maintain research and development spending, as a percentage of revenue, at similar levels in fiscal 2023.

Seasonality

While the majority of our business is not subject to seasonal fluctuations, our Marketplace and other business experiences modest seasonality, as the revenue generated from this area of the business is more transactional in nature and tied to advertising spend. For example, many advertisers allocate the largest portion of their budgets to the fourth quarter of the calendar year in order to coincide with increased holiday purchasing. We expect our Marketplace and other revenue to continue to fluctuate based on seasonal factors that affect the advertising industry as a whole.

Competition

Competitors of LiveRamp are typically also members of our partner and reseller ecosystem, creating a paradigm where competition is the norm. Our primary competitors are companies that sell data onboarding as part of a suite of marketing applications or services. Walled gardens that offer a direct interface for matching CRM data compete for a portion of our services, particularly amongst marketers that have not yet adopted in-house platforms for programmatic marketing or attribution. Some providers of tag management, data management, and cross-device marketing solutions have adopted positioning similar to our business and compete for mindshare. In markets outside the United States, we primarily face small, local market players.

We continue to focus on levers to increase our competitiveness and believe that investing in the product and technology platform of our business is a key to our continued success. Further, we believe that enabling a broad partner ecosystem will help us to continue to provide competitive differentiation.

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Pricing

Approximately 80% of our revenue is derived from subscription-based arrangements sold on an annual or multi-year basis. Our subscription pricing is based on data volume supported by our platform. We also generate revenue from data providers, digital publishers and advanced TV platforms in the form of revenue-sharing agreements.

Our Human Capital

LiveRamp's most valuable resource is our people. Our Board considers LiveRamp's Talent strategy and Diversity, Belonging and Inclusion commitment and programs to be a critical component of our Company strategy and a competitive advantage. We believe each hire is an opportunity to diversify our workforce and add new skills and capabilities that will foster greater innovation.

LiveRamp employs approximately 1,400 employees ("LiveRampers") worldwide. No U.S. LiveRampers are represented by a labor union or subject to a collective bargaining agreement. To the best of management’s knowledge, no LiveRamper is an elected member of works councils and trade unions representing LiveRamp employees in the European Union. LiveRamp has never experienced a work stoppage, and we promote high employee engagement, open communication and a culture of equality to foster positive employee relations.

Attracting and Retaining Talent

We attract and retain employees with market-competitive, internally equitable compensation and benefit programs, learning and development opportunities that support career growth and advancement opportunities, and employee engagement initiatives that foster a strong, inclusive company culture.

Through our dedicated organizational development program, we regularly assess our human capital opportunities and needs and focus on building the individual capabilities of our employees to facilitate achieving the overall goals of our organization. We aggregate and analyze critical human capital metrics, including employee retention and engagement, to monitor the success of our strategy and make adjustments accordingly. Our employee engagement score is above industry benchmark.

Since 2016, LiveRamp has either qualified or been certified as a Best Place to Work. In addition, LiveRamp was awarded as a Best Place to Work by Fortune every year since 2018 and was among the Top 10 Best Places to Work by Glassdoor in 2017. In 2020, Live Ramp was also recognized as a Great Place to Work for Parents and in 2021, LiveRamp was recognized as a Best Workplace in Technology and in the Bay Area by Fortune.

Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging

Diversity, inclusion, and belonging (“DIB”) efforts are a cornerstone of LiveRamp’s innovative culture. During 2020, we hired our first-ever Head of Diversity Strategy & Programs and published LiveRamp’s Diversity, Inclusion & Belonging Charter, which set our commitment to and the core pillars of DIB for LiveRamp, explained our current programs and practices as well as showed the breath of leaders making DIB part of their focus. Our CEO also joined 1,000 CEOs of the world’s leading companies and organizations to sign the CEO Action for Diversity & Inclusion™ pledge, the largest CEO-driven business commitment to advance diversity and inclusion in the workplace.

We believe there are three core pillars of DIB: Workforce, Product & Customers, and Community. These pillars reflect the intricate relationship of diversity, inclusion and belonging—both internally and externally. To be effective, we believe all three must work together harmoniously for an environment that is equal parts diverse, encouraging, and accepting. Creating a welcoming and inclusive workplace where colleagues feel a sense of belonging creates more innovation and produces better outcomes for our employees, our business and our communities. We work to foster a sense of belonging where everyone can bring their full selves to work.

Investing in our people is foundational to building an exceptional culture where everyone can thrive. We seek out brilliant people from all backgrounds. As one way to make this real, we provide candidates with a significant amount of information about who we are and how our products work to help level the knowledge base among referrals and direct applicants. Additionally, candidates have the opportunity to speak with members of our employee resource groups (“ERGs”) to get a first-hand perspective of what it is like to work here.

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Forming teams with diverse backgrounds enables us to achieve our goal of building products that can be used by customers with varying capabilities, which reduces inequities and serves a wider variety of business needs. Our ERGs exist to support the growth and development of our employees, communities and business to increase diversity, inclusion and belonging. Currently, we have seven ERGs: EQUAL, LatinX@LiveRamp, Veterans@LiveRamp, Women@LiveRamp, RAMPability, Black@LiveRamp and AAPI@LiveRamp.

Diversity, inclusion and belonging also lives outside of our office walls. We have invested in LiveRamp.org, which includes opportunities for volunteerism, philanthropic initiatives, employee donation matching and our Data for Good initiative, which enables organizations to use data to solve some of society’s biggest challenges.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

LiveRamp’s executive officers, their current positions, ages and business experience are listed below. They are elected by the board of directors annually or as necessary to fill vacancies or to fill new positions. There are no family relationships among any of the officers or directors of the Company.

Scott E. Howe, age 54, is the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Prior to joining the Company in 2011, he served as corporate vice president of Microsoft Advertising Business Group from 2007–2010. In this role, he managed a multi-billion-dollar business encompassing all emerging businesses related to online advertising, including search, display, ad networks, in-game, mobile, digital cable and a variety of enterprise software applications. Mr. Howe was employed from 1999–2007 as an executive and later as a corporate officer at aQuantive, Inc. where he managed three lines of business, including Avenue A | Razorfish (a leading Seattle-based global consultancy in digital marketing and technology), DRIVE Performance Media (now Microsoft Media Network), and Atlas International (an adserving technology now owned by Facebook). Earlier in his career, he was with The Boston Consulting Group and Kidder, Peabody & Company, Inc. He is a member of the board of directors of the Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB) and previously served on the board of Blue Nile, Inc., a leading online retailer of diamonds and fine jewelry. Mr. Howe is a magna cum laude graduate of Princeton University, where he earned a degree in economics, and he holds an MBA from Harvard University.

Warren C. Jenson, age 65, is the Company’s President, Chief Financial Officer & Executive Managing Director of International. He joined the Company in 2012 and is responsible for all aspects of LiveRamp’s financial management and the Company’s business operations outside the United States. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Jenson served as COO at Silver Spring Networks. From 2002 - 2008 he was CFO at Electronic Arts Inc., a leading global interactive entertainment software company. He has over 30 years of experience in operational finance and has been CFO of some of the most important success stories of the last two decades, including Amazon.com, Delta Air Lines, and NBC. Mr. Jenson has been designated twice as one of the “Best CFOs in America” by Institutional Investor magazine, and he was also honored as the Bay Area Venture CFO of the Year in 2010. He also has significant experience in mergers and acquisitions, as well as in the development and formulation of strategic partnerships. Mr. Jenson currently serves on the board of DigitalOcean (NYSE: DOCN) (2020 – present). He also serves on the National Advisory Committee for the Marriott School of Business at Brigham Young University and the Board of Leaders for USC’s Marshall School of Business. His previous board service includes: Cardtronics (NASDAQ: CATM), Digital Globe (NYSE: DGI), and Tapjoy. He holds a bachelor’s degree in accounting and a master of accountancy degree, both from Brigham Young University.

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Jerry C. Jones, age 66, is the Company’s Executive Vice President, Chief Ethics and Legal Officer, and Assistant Secretary. He joined the Company in 1999 and currently oversees the Company’s legal, data ethics and government relations matters. He also assists in the strategy and execution of mergers and alliances and the Company’s strategic initiatives. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Jones was employed for 19 years as an attorney with the Rose Law Firm in Little Rock, Arkansas, representing a broad range of business interests. Mr. Jones is a member of the board of directors of Agilysys, Inc. (NASDAQ: AGYS), a leading developer and marketer of proprietary enterprise software, services and solutions to the hospitality and retail industries, where he serves on the Compensation Committee and the Nominating & Governance Committee. He also serves on the executive committee of Privacy for America, the board of directors of ForwARd Arkansas, and is a co-founder of uhire U.S. He is a Special Advisor to the Club de Madrid, an organization composed of over 100 former Presidents and Prime Ministers from more than 70 democratic countries. Mr. Jones was a member of the board of directors of Heifer International until 2019 and Entrust, Inc. until it was purchased by private investors in 2009. He is the former chairman of the board of the Arkansas Virtual Academy, a statewide virtual public school, and is a former member of the UA Little Rock Board of Visitors. Mr. Jones holds a bachelor’s degree in public administration and a juris doctorate degree, both from the University of Arkansas.

Mohsin Hussain, age 49, has served as the Chief Technology Officer and Executive Vice President of Engineering of the Company since 2021. During the year prior to assuming this position, he was the Company’s Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President of Engineering. Mr. Hussain has more than 25 years’ experience in engineering leadership and product innovation in the areas of software-as-a-service, data science, machine learning, analytics, and the cloud. Before joining LiveRamp, Mr. Hussain was employed for two years as Senior Vice President of Engineering at Criteo (NYSE: CRTO) where he led a large-scale buildout of the U.S. engineering team, new product launches, and the R&D integration of several acquisitions, including Hooklogic. Prior to that, he was Vice President of Engineering at Criteo for over two years. Earlier in his career Mr. Hussain held leadership roles in several high-growth start-ups and public companies, including AOL/Netscape (now Yahoo), Siebel Systems (now Oracle), and SunPower. He has been a member of the Google Cloud CIO/CTO Customer Advisory Board since 2021. Mr. Hussain is named as an inventor on 18 issued patents and holds a bachelor’s degree in computer science from University of California at Berkeley.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below and the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other public filings before making an investment decision. Our business, prospects, financial condition, or operating results could be harmed by any of these risks, as well as other risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial. If any of such risks and uncertainties actually occurs, our business, financial condition or operating results could differ materially from the plans, projections and other forward-looking statements included in the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this report and in our other public filings. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and, as a result, you may lose all or part of your investment.  

Risks Related to Our Business and Strategy

We are dependent upon customer renewals, the addition of new customers and increased revenue from existing customers for our subscription revenue through our LiveRamp platform and our marketplace and other business.

To sustain or increase our revenue, we must regularly add new clients and encourage existing clients to maintain or increase their business with us. As the market matures and as existing and new market participants produce new and different approaches to enable businesses to address their respective needs that compete with our offerings, we may be forced to reduce the prices we charge, may be unable to renew existing customer agreements, or enter into new customer agreements at the same prices and upon the same terms that we have historically obtained. If our new business and cross-selling efforts are unsuccessful or if our customers do not expand their use of our platform or adopt additional offerings and features, our operating results may suffer.

Our existing customers have no obligation to renew their contracts upon expiration of their contractual subscription period and may not choose to renew their contracts for a variety of reasons. In the normal course of business, some customers have elected not to renew, and it is difficult to predict attrition rates. Our renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customer satisfaction, pricing changes, the prices of services offered by our competitors, mergers and acquisitions affecting our customer base, and reductions in our customers’ spending levels or other declines in customer activity. If our customers do not renew their contracts or decrease the amount they spend with us, our revenue would decline and our business would suffer.

A decline in new or renewed subscriptions in any period may not be immediately reflected in our reported financial results for that period but may result in a decline in our revenue in future periods. If we were to experience significant downturns in subscription sales and renewal rates, our reported financial results might not reflect such downturns until future periods. Moreover, the conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and other events outside our control have affected, and may continue to affect, the rate of spending on advertising products and have and could continue to adversely affect our customers’ ability or willingness to purchase our offerings, delay prospective customers’ purchasing decisions, increase pressure for pricing discounts, lengthen payment terms, reduce the value or duration of their subscription contracts, or increase customer attrition rates, all of which could adversely affect our future sales, operating results and overall financial performance.

The loss of a contract upon which we rely for a significant portion of our revenues could adversely affect our operating results. 

Our ten largest clients represented approximately 28% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. If all of our individual client contractual relationships were aggregated at the holding company level, one client, The Interpublic Group of Companies, accounted for 11% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. The loss of, or decrease in revenue from, any of our significant clients for any reason could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and operating results, which could be exacerbated by client consolidation, changes in technologies or solutions used by our clients, changes in demand for our platform, legal or regulatory changes, market optics, client bankruptcies or departures from their respective industries, pricing competition or deviation from marketing and sales methods, any one of which may result in even fewer contractual relationships accounting for a high percentage of our revenue and reduced demand from any single significant client.

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In addition, some of our clients have used, and may in the future use, the size and relative importance of their purchases to our business to require that we enter into agreements with more favorable terms than we would otherwise agree to, to obtain price concessions, or to otherwise restrict our business.

Data suppliers may withdraw data that we have previously collected or withhold data from us in the future, leading to our inability to provide products and services to our clients, which could lead to a decrease in revenue and loss of client confidence.

Much of the data that we use is either purchased or licensed from third-party data suppliers, and we are dependent upon our ability to obtain necessary data licenses on commercially reasonable terms. We could suffer material adverse consequences if our data suppliers were to withhold their data from us or materially limit our use of their data, which could occur for a variety of reasons, including because we fail to maintain sufficient relationships with the suppliers or because they decline to provide, or are prohibited from providing, such data to us due to legal, regulatory, contractual, privacy, competitive or other economic concerns. For example, data suppliers could withhold their data from us if there is a competitive reason to do so, if we breach our contract with a supplier, if we breach their expectations of our use of their data, if they are acquired by one of our competitors, if legislation is passed or regulations are adopted restricting or making too difficult the collection, use or dissemination of the data they provide, if market optics become negative regarding the sharing of their data with third parties or allowing the setting of cookies from their sites, if publishers change their privacy policies or user settings, including as a result of legal or regulatory actions, in a material manner that turns off or diminishes the volume of data we receive, or if judicial interpretations are issued restricting use of such data, or for other reasons. Further, definitions in enacted or proposed state-level data broker legislation apply to LiveRamp, potentially exposing the Company to negative perceptions and diminishing data available to it. Additionally, we could terminate relationships with our data suppliers if they fail to adhere to our data quality standards. If a substantial number of data suppliers were to withdraw or withhold their data from us or substantially limit our use of their data, or if we were to sever ties with our data suppliers based on their inability to meet appropriate data standards, our ability to provide products and services to our clients could be materially adversely impacted, which could result in decreased revenues and operating results.

Our business is subject to substantial competition from a diverse group of competitors. New products and pricing strategies introduced by these competitors could decrease our market share or cause us to lower our prices in a manner that reduces our revenues and operating margin.

We operate in a highly competitive and rapidly changing industry. With the introduction of new technologies and the influx of new entrants to the market, we expect competition to persist and intensify in the future, which could harm our ability to increase revenue and operating results. In addition to existing competitors and intermediaries, we may also face competition from new companies entering the market, which may include large established companies, all of which currently offer, or may in the future offer, products and services that result in additional competition. These competitors may be in a better position to develop new products and pricing strategies that more quickly and effectively respond to changes in customer requirements in these markets. These competitors and new products and technologies may be disruptive to our existing platform offerings, resulting in operating inefficiencies and increased competitive pressure. Some of our competitors may choose to sell products or services competitive to ours at lower prices by accepting lower margins and profitability, or may be able to sell products or services competitive to ours at lower prices given proprietary ownership of data, technical superiority or economies of scale. Such introduction of competent, competitive products, pricing strategies or other technologies by our competitors that are superior to or that achieve greater market acceptance than our products and services could adversely affect our business. In such event, we could experience a decline in market share and revenues and be forced to reduce our prices, resulting in lower profit margins for the Company.

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The extent to which the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including the resulting global economic uncertainty, and measures taken in response to the pandemic could continue to impact our business and future results of operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and difficult to predict.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the flow of the economy and put unprecedented strains on governments, health care systems, educational institutions, businesses and individuals around the world. The ongoing impact on the global population and the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult to assess or predict as new variants emerge. It is even more difficult to predict the future impact on the global economic market, which will be highly dependent upon the actions of governments, businesses and other enterprises in response to the pandemic and the effectiveness of those actions. The pandemic has caused, and is likely to result in further, significant disruption of global financial markets and economic uncertainty. While the COVID-19 pandemic has not materially adversely impacted our sales or operations, we continue to monitor our operations, the operations of our customers and corporate partners, and government recommendations. The spread of infectious diseases may also result in, and, in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, regional quarantines, labor shortages or stoppages, changes in consumer purchasing patterns, disruptions to service providers to deliver data on a timely basis, or at all, and overall economic instability.

A recession, depression or other sustained adverse market events resulting from the spread of COVID-19 could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our common stock. Our customers or potential customers, particularly in industries most impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic including transportation, travel and hospitality, retail and energy, may reduce their advertising spending or delay their advertising initiatives, which could materially and adversely impact our business. We may also experience curtailed customer demand, reduced customer spend or contract duration, delayed collections, lengthened payment terms and increased competition due to changes in terms and conditions and pricing of our competitors’ products and services that could materially adversely impact our business, results of operations and overall financial performance in future periods. Existing and potential customers may choose to reduce or delay technology spending in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, or may attempt to renegotiate contracts and obtain concessions, which may materially and negatively impact our operating results, financial condition and prospects.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily closed most of our offices (including our headquarters), encouraged our employees to work remotely, implemented restrictions on all non-essential travel, and shifted certain of our customer, industry, investor, and employee events to virtual-only experiences. Certain costs incurred in preparation for these events could not be recovered. With the widespread availability of vaccines and treatment, and the ebb and flow of variants and decreases in hospitalizations we have eased those restrictions substantially, reopening all offices in the U.S., Europe, and Asia-Pacific where permitted. If the COVID-19 pandemic worsens, especially in regions in which we have material operations or sales, our business activities originating from affected areas, including sales-related activities, could be adversely affected. Disruptive activities could include business closures in impacted areas, further restrictions on our employees’ and other service providers’ ability to travel, impacts to productivity if our employees or their family members experience health issues, and potential delays in hiring and onboarding of new employees. Further, we may experience increased cyberattacks and security challenges as our global employee base works remotely. Our employees' ability to effectively work remotely is also impacted by continued availability of internet connectivity and a general degradation of such would negatively impact their ability to work effectively.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business will depend on future developments, which are not within our control, are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. Such future developments may include, among others, the duration and spread of the outbreak, new information that may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 (including new variants) and government actions to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, impact on our customers and our sales cycles, impact on our customer, industry or employee events, and effect on our partners, vendors and supply chains. A significant outbreak of infectious diseases could result in, and in the case of COVID-19, has resulted in, a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect, and, in the case of COVID-19, has adversely affected economies and financial markets worldwide, resulting in an economic downturn or a prolonged contraction in the industries in which our customers operate that could affect demand for our products and services and otherwise adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. While the majority of our revenues, billings and earnings are relatively predictable as a result of our subscription-based business model, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic may not be fully reflected in our results of operations and overall financial performance until future periods.

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In addition, we have seen significant volatility in the global markets, as well as significant interest rate and foreign currency volatility. As a result, the trading prices for our common stock and other S&P 500 and technology companies have been highly volatile, and such volatility may continue for the duration of and possibly beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.

The failure to attract, recruit, onboard and retain qualified personnel could hinder our ability to successfully execute our business strategy, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and operating results. 

Our growth strategy and future success depends in large part on our ability to attract, recruit, onboard, motivate and retain technical, client services, sales, consulting, research and development, marketing, administrative and management personnel, all of which has been made more difficult by the COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions intended to prevent its spread. The complexity of our products, processing functionality, software systems and services requires highly trained professionals. While we presently have a sophisticated, dedicated and experienced team of executives and employees who have a deep understanding of our business, the labor market for these individuals has historically been very competitive due to the limited number of people available with the necessary technical skills and understanding. As our industry continues to become more technologically advanced, we anticipate increased competition for qualified personnel. In addition, many of the companies with which we compete for experienced personnel may be able to offer greater compensation and benefits packages and/or more flexible work alternatives. We may incur significant costs to attract and retain highly trained personnel and we may lose new employees to our competitors or other technology companies before we realize the benefit of our investment in recruiting and training them, and our succession plans may be insufficient to ensure business continuity if we are unable to retain key personnel. Further, volatility or lack of appreciation in our stock price may also affect our ability to attract and retain our key employees. The loss or prolonged absence of the services of highly trained personnel like our current team of executives and employees, or the inability to recruit, attract, onboard and retain additional, qualified employees, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position or operating results. 

If we cannot maintain our culture as we grow, we could lose the innovation, teamwork, passion and focus on execution that we believe contribute to our success, and our business may be harmed.

We believe that a critical component to our success has been our company culture, which is based on transparency and personal autonomy. We have invested substantial time and resources in building our team within this company culture. Any failure to preserve our culture could negatively affect our ability to retain and recruit personnel and to proactively focus on and pursue our corporate objectives. Although we have recently reopened our offices and hold in-person meetings and events in compliance with applicable government orders and guidelines, the majority of our employees continue to work remotely. Further, upon the reopening of our offices, we have offered most of our employees the flexibility to determine the amount of time they work in the office, which may present operational challenges and risks, including negative employee morale and productivity, low employee retention, and increased compliance and tax obligations in a number of jurisdictions. If we fail to maintain our company culture, our business may be adversely impacted.

Failure to keep up with rapidly changing technologies and marketing practices could cause our products and services to become less competitive or obsolete, which could result in loss of market share and decreased revenues and results of operations.

Advances in information technology are changing the way our clients use and purchase information products and services and may be disruptive to our existing platform offerings. Maintaining the technological competitiveness of our products, processing functionality, software systems and services is key to our continued success.  However, the complexity and uncertainty regarding the development of new technologies and the extent and timing of market acceptance of innovative products and services create difficulties in maintaining this competitiveness.  Without the timely introduction of new products, services and enhancements, our offerings will become technologically or commercially obsolete over time, in which case our revenue and operating results would suffer.

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Consumer needs and expectations and the business information industry as a whole are in a constant state of change.  Our ability to continually improve our current processes and products in response to changes in technology and to develop new products and services are essential in maintaining our competitive position, preserving our market share and meeting the increasingly sophisticated requirements of our clients.  If we fail to enhance our current products and services or fail to develop new products in light of emerging technologies and industry standards, we could lose clients to current or future competitors, which could result in impairment of our growth prospects, loss of market share and decreased revenues.

Acquisition and divestiture activities may disrupt our ongoing business and may involve increased expenses, and we may not realize the financial and strategic goals contemplated at the time of a transaction, all of which could adversely affect our business and growth prospects.

Historically, we have engaged in acquisitions to grow our business. To the extent we find suitable and attractive acquisition candidates and business opportunities in the future, we may continue to acquire other complementary businesses, products and technologies and enter into joint ventures or similar strategic relationships. The pursuit of acquisitions may divert the attention of management, disrupt ongoing business, and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated. While we believe we will be able to successfully integrate newly acquired businesses into our existing operations, there is no certainty that future acquisitions or alliances will be consummated on acceptable terms or that we will be able to successfully integrate the services, content, products and personnel of any such transaction into our operations.  In addition, the pursuit of any future acquisitions, joint ventures or similar relationships may cause a disruption in our ongoing business and distract our management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are consummated. An acquisition may later be found to have a material legal or ethical issue that was not disclosed or discovered prior to acquisition. Further, we may be unable to realize the revenue improvements, cost savings and other intended benefits of any such transaction. The occurrence of any of these events could result in decreased revenues, net income and earnings per share.

We have also divested assets in the past and may do so again in the future. As with acquisitions, divestitures involve significant risks and uncertainties, such as disruption of our ongoing business, reductions of our revenues or earnings per share, unanticipated liabilities, legal risks and costs, the potential loss of key personnel, distraction of management from our ongoing business, and impairment of relationships with employees and clients because of migrating a business to new owners.

Because acquisitions and divestitures are inherently risky, transactions we undertake may not be successful and may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Our operations outside the United States are subject to risks that may harm the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations. 

During the last fiscal year, we received approximately 6% of our revenues from business outside the United States. In those non-U.S. locations where legislation restricting the collection and use of personal data currently exists, less data is available and at a much higher cost. In some foreign markets, the types of products and services we offer have not been generally available and thus are not fully understood by prospective clients. Upon entering these markets, we must educate and condition the markets, increasing the cost and difficulty of successfully executing our business plan in these markets. Additionally, each of our foreign locations is generally expected to fund its own operations and cash flows, although periodically funds may be loaned or invested from the United States to the foreign subsidiaries. Because of such loan or investment, exchange rate movements of foreign currencies may have an impact on our future costs of, or future cash flows from, foreign investments. We have not entered into any foreign currency forward exchange contracts or other derivative instruments to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

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Additional risks inherent in our non-U.S. business activities generally include, among others, the costs and difficulties of managing international operations, potentially adverse tax consequences, and greater difficulty enforcing intellectual property rights. The various risks that are inherent in doing business in the United States are also generally applicable to doing business outside of the United States, but such risks may be exaggerated by factors normally associated with international operations, such as differences in culture, laws and regulations, especially restrictions on collection, management, aggregation, localizations, and use of information. Failure to effectively manage the risks facing our non-U.S. business activities could materially adversely affect our operating results. Also, our business is subject to weak international economic conditions, geopolitical developments, such as existing and potential trade wars, and other events outside of our control that could result in a reduced volume of business by our customers and prospective customers, and the demand for, and use of, our products and services may decline. For example, the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine could result in regional instability and adversely impact financial markets as well as economic conditions, especially in Europe.

In addition, when operating in foreign jurisdictions, we must comply with complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and other local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials, as well as anti-competition regulations and data protection laws and regulations. Violations of these laws and regulations could result in fines and penalties, criminal sanctions, restrictions on our business conduct and on our ability to offer our products and services in one or more countries. Such violations could also adversely affect our reputation with existing and prospective clients, which could negatively impact our operating results and growth prospects.

A significant breach of the confidentiality of the information we hold or of the security of our or our customers’, suppliers’, or other partners’ computer systems could be detrimental to our business, reputation and results of operations.

Our business requires the storage, transmission and utilization of data, including personally identifiable information, much of which must be maintained on a confidential basis. These activities may make us a target of cyberattacks from malicious third parties seeking unauthorized access to the data we maintain, including our data and client data, or to disrupt our ability to provide service. Any failure to prevent or mitigate security breaches and improper access to or disclosure of the data we maintain, including personal information, could result in the loss or misuse of such data, which could harm our business and reputation and diminish our competitive position. Our clients and suppliers are increasingly imposing more rigorous contractual obligations on us relating to data security protections. If we are unable to maintain protections and processes at a level equal to that required by our clients and suppliers, it could negatively affect our relationships with those clients and suppliers or increase our operating costs. In addition, computer malware, viruses, social engineering, ransomware, phishing and general hacking have become more prevalent, and events outside of our control, such as the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, could result in a further increase in such activities. As a result of the types and volume of personal data on our systems, we believe that we are a particularly attractive target for such breaches and attacks.

In recent years, the frequency, severity and sophistication of cyberattacks, computer malware, viruses, social engineering, ransomware, phishing and other intentional misconduct by computer hackers have significantly increased, including the ability to evade detection or obscure their activities, and government agencies and security experts have warned about the growing risks of hackers, cyber criminals and other potential attackers targeting information technology systems. Such third parties could attempt to gain entry to our systems for the purpose of stealing data or disrupting the systems. In addition, our security measures may also be breached due to employee error, malfeasance, system errors or vulnerabilities, including vulnerabilities of our vendors, suppliers, their products, or otherwise. Third parties may also attempt to fraudulently induce employees or clients into disclosing sensitive information such as usernames, passwords or other information to gain access to our clients’ data or our data, including intellectual property and other confidential business information. The COVID-19 pandemic has generally increased opportunities available to hackers and cyber criminals as more companies and individuals work online from remote locations. We believe we have taken appropriate measures to protect our systems from intrusion, but we cannot be certain that advances in criminal capabilities, discovery of new vulnerabilities in our systems and attempts to exploit those vulnerabilities, physical system or facility break-ins and data thefts or other developments will not compromise or breach the technology protecting our systems and the information we possess.

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Although we have developed systems and processes that are designed to protect our data, our client data, and data transmissions to prevent data loss, and to prevent or detect security breaches, our databases have in the past been and in the future may be subject to unauthorized access by third parties, and we may incur significant costs in protecting against or remediating cyberattacks. Any security breach could result in operational disruptions that impair our ability to meet our clients’ requirements, which could result in decreased revenues. Also, whether there is an actual or a perceived breach of our security, our reputation could suffer irreparable harm, causing our current and prospective clients to reject our products and services in the future and deterring data suppliers from supplying us data. Further, we could be forced to expend significant resources in response to a security breach, including those expended in repairing system damage, increasing cyber security protection costs by deploying additional personnel and protection technologies, and litigating and resolving legal claims or governmental inquiries and investigations, all of which could divert the attention of our management and key personnel away from our business operations. In any event, a significant security breach could materially harm our business, financial condition and operating results.

Our clients, suppliers and other partners are primarily responsible for the security of their information technology environments, and we rely heavily on them and other third parties to supply clean data content and/or to utilize our products and services in a secure manner. Each of these third parties may face risks relating to cyber security, which could disrupt their businesses and therefore materially impact ours. While we provide guidance and specific requirements in some cases, we do not directly control any of such parties’ cyber security operations, or the amount of investment they place in guarding against cyber security threats. Accordingly, we are subject to any flaw in or breaches of their systems, which could materially impact our business, operations and financial results.

Finally, while we maintain cyber liability insurance coverage that may cover certain liabilities in connection with a cyber security incident, we cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, financial results and reputation.

Unfavorable publicity and negative public perception about our industry could adversely affect our business and operating results.

With the growth of online advertising and e-commerce, there is increasing awareness and concern among the general public, privacy advocates, mainstream media, governmental bodies and others regarding marketing, advertising, and data privacy matters, particularly as they relate to individual privacy interests and the global reach of the online marketplace. Any unfavorable publicity or negative public perception about us, our industry, including our competitors, or even other data-focused industries can affect our business and results of operations, and may lead to digital publishers changing their business practices or additional regulatory scrutiny or lawmaking that affects us or our industry. For example, in recent years, consumer advocates, mainstream media, elected officials and government officials have increasingly and publicly criticized the data and marketing industry for its collection, storage and use of personal data. Additional public scrutiny may lead to general distrust of our industry, consumer reluctance to share and permit use of personal data and increased consumer opt-out rates, any of which could negatively influence, change or reduce our current and prospective clients’ demand for our products and services and adversely affect our business and operating results. 

Interruptions or delays in service from our third-party data center providers could impair our ability to deliver our products and services to our customers, resulting in customer dissatisfaction, damage to our reputation, loss of customers, limited growth and reduction in revenue.

We currently serve the majority of our platform functions from third-party data center hosting facilities operated by Google Cloud Platform and Amazon Web Services. Our operations depend, in part, on our third-party facility providers’ abilities to protect these facilities against any damage or interruption from natural disasters, such as earthquakes and hurricanes, power or telecommunication failures, criminal acts and similar events. In the event that any of our third-party facilities arrangements is terminated, or if there is a lapse of service or damage to a facility, we could experience interruptions in our platform as well as delays and additional expenses in arranging new facilities and services.

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Any damage to, or failure of, the systems of our third-party providers could result in interruptions to our platform. Despite precautions taken at our data centers, the occurrence of spikes in usage volume, a natural disaster, such as earthquakes or hurricane, an act of terrorism, vandalism or sabotage, a decision to close a facility without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problems at a facility could result in lengthy interruptions in the availability of our platform. Even with current and planned disaster recovery arrangements, our business could be harmed. Also, in the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that we may incur. These factors in turn could further reduce our revenue, subject us to liability and cause us to issue credits or cause customers to fail to renew their subscriptions, any of which could materially adversely affect our business.

We are dependent on the continued availability of third-party data hosting and transmission services.

We incur significant costs with our third-party data hosting services. If the costs for such services increase due to vendor consolidation, regulation, contract renegotiation, or otherwise, we may not be able to increase the fees for our products and services to cover the changes. As a result, our operating results may be significantly worse than forecasted.

As the use of “third-party cookies” or other tracking technology continues to be pressured by Internet users, restricted or otherwise subject to unfavorable regulation, blocked or limited by technical changes on end users’ devices, or our and our clients’ ability to use data on our platform is otherwise restricted, our business could be materially impacted.

Digital advertising mostly relies on the use of cookies, pixels and other similar technology, including mobile device identifiers that are provided by mobile operating systems for advertising purposes, which we refer to collectively as cookies, to collect data about interactions with users and devices. To provide our platform, we utilize third-party cookies, which are cookies owned and used by parties other than the owners of the website visited by the Internet user. Our cookies are used to record information tied to a random unique identifier, including such information as when an Internet user views an ad, clicks on an ad or visits one of our advertiser’s websites through a browser while the cookie is active. We use cookies to help us achieve our advertisers’ campaign goals on the web, to limit the instances that an Internet user sees the same advertisement, to report information to our advertisers regarding the performance of their advertising campaigns and to detect and prevent malicious behavior and invalid traffic throughout our network of inventory. We also use data from cookies to help enable our clients decide whether to bid on, and how to price, an opportunity to place an advertisement in a specific location, at a given time, in front of a particular Internet user. Additionally, our clients use cookies and other technologies to add information they have collected or acquired about users into our platform. Without such data, our clients may not have sufficient insight into an Internet user’s activity, which may compromise their ability to determine which inventory to purchase for a specific campaign and undermine the effectiveness of our platform.

Cookies may be deleted or blocked by Internet users who do not want information to be collected about them. The most commonly used Internet browsers—Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer and Safari—allow Internet users to modify their browser settings to prevent cookies from being accepted by their browsers. In January 2020, Google publicly stated it intends for Chrome to block third-party cookies at some point in the following 24 months. In April 2021, Google began releasing software updates to its Chrome browser with features to phase-out third party cookies. Mobile devices allow users to opt out of the use of mobile device IDs for targeted advertising. Additionally, the Safari browser currently blocks some third-party cookies by default and has recently added controls that algorithmically block or limit some cookies. Other browsers have added similar controls. In addition, Internet users can delete cookies from their computers at any time. Some Internet users also download free or paid ad blocking software that not only prevents third-party cookies from being stored on a user’s computer, but also blocks all interaction with a third-party ad server. Google has introduced ad blocking software in its Chrome web browser that will block certain ads based on quality standards established under a multi-stakeholder coalition. Additionally, the DAA, NAI, their international counterparts, and our company have certain opt-out mechanisms for users to opt out of the collection of their information via cookies. If more Internet users adopt these settings or delete their cookies more frequently than they currently do, or restrictions are imposed by advertisers and publishers, there are changes in technology or new developments in laws, regulations or industry standards around cookies, our business could be harmed.

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For in-app advertising, data regarding interactions between users and devices are tracked mostly through stable, pseudonymous mobile device identifiers that are built into the device operating system with privacy controls that allow users to express a preference with respect to data collection for advertising, including to disable the identifier. These identifiers and privacy controls are defined by the developers of the mobile platforms and could be changed by the mobile platforms in a way that may negatively impact our business. Privacy aspects of other channels for programmatic advertising, such as CTVs or over-the-top video, are still developing. Technical or policy changes, including regulation or industry self-regulation, could harm our growth in those channels.

As the collection and use of data for digital advertising has received ongoing media attention over the past several years, some government regulators, such as the FTC, and privacy advocates have raised significant concerns around observed data. There has been an array of 'do-not-track' efforts, suggestions and technologies introduced to address these concerns, and state statutes are beginning to incorporate the obligation to honor them. However, the potential regulatory and self-regulatory landscape is inherently uncertain, and there is not yet a consensus definition of tracking, nor agreement on what would be covered by 'do-not-track' functionality. There is activity by the major Internet browsers to default set on 'do-not-track' functionality, including by Safari and Firefox. It is not clear how many other Internet browsers will follow. Substantial increases in the rate and number of people opting out of various data collection processes could have a negative impact on our business and the ecosystems in which we operate.

In addition, in the EU, Directive 2002/58/EC (as amended by Directive 2009/136/EC), commonly referred to as the ePrivacy or Cookie Directive, directs EU member states to ensure that accessing information on an Internet user’s computer, such as through a cookie and other similar technologies, is allowed only if the Internet user has been informed about such access and given his or her consent. A replacement for the Cookie Directive to complement and bring electronic communication services in line with the GDPR and force a harmonized approach across EU member states is currently with the EU Council for a trilogue to decide its final effective date. Like the GDPR, the proposed ePrivacy Regulation has extra-territorial application as it applies to businesses established outside the EU who provide publicly available electronic communications services to, or gather data from the devices of, users in the EU. Though still subject to debate, the proposed ePrivacy Regulation may limit the lawful bases available to process digital data and require "opt-in" consent. The fines and penalties for breach of the proposed ePrivacy Regulation may be significant. Limitations on the use or effectiveness of cookies, or other limitations on our, or our clients’, ability to collect and use data for advertising, whether imposed by EU member state implementations of the Cookie Directive, by the new ePrivacy Regulation, or otherwise, may impact the performance of our platform. We may be required to, or otherwise may determine that it is advisable to, make significant changes in our business operations and product and services to obtain user opt-in for cookies and use of cookie data, or develop or obtain additional tools and technologies to compensate for a lack of cookie data. We may not be able to make the necessary changes in our business operations and products and services to obtain user opt-in for cookies and use of cookie data, or develop, implement or acquire additional tools that compensate for a lack of cookie data. Moreover, even if we are able to do so, such additional products and tools may be subject to further regulation, time consuming to develop or costly to obtain, and less effective than our current use of cookies.

Finally, Google, the owner of the Chrome browser, has publicly stated that over the next several years it will no longer support the setting of third-party cookies. Apple, the owner of the Safari browser, had previously ceased supporting third-party cookies. Separately, and combined, these actions will have significant impacts on the digital advertising and marketing ecosystems in which we operate and could negatively impact our business. We are currently offering and continuing to develop non-cookie based alternatives that can be used in the global ecosystem.

Climate change may have an impact on our business

Any of our primary locations may be vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. For example, our offices and facilities in California have experienced, and are projected to continue to experience, climate-related events at an increasing frequency, including drought, water scarcity, heat waves, wildfires and resultant air quality impacts and power shutoffs associated with wildfire prevention. Furthermore, it may be more difficult to mitigate the impact of these events on our remote employees working from home. Changing market dynamics, global policy developments and the increasing frequency and impact of extreme weather events on critical infrastructure in the U.S. and elsewhere have the potential to disrupt our business, the business of our third-party suppliers and the business of our customers, and may cause us to experience higher churn, losses and additional costs to maintain or resume operations.

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Risks Related to Government Regulation and Taxation

Changes in legislative, judicial, regulatory, or cultural environments relating to information collection and use may limit our ability to collect and use data. Such developments could cause revenues to decline, increase the cost and availability of data and adversely affect the demand for our products and services.

We receive, store and process personal information and other data from and about consumers in addition to our clients, employees, and services providers. Our handling of this data is subject to a variety of federal, state, and foreign laws and regulations and is subject to regulation by various government authorities. Our data handling also is subject to contractual obligations and may be deemed to be subject to industry standards.

The U.S. federal and various state and foreign governments have adopted or proposed limitations on the collection, distribution, use and storage of data relating to individuals, including the use of contact information and other data for marketing, advertising and other communications with individuals and businesses. In the U.S., various laws and regulations apply to the collection, processing, disclosure, and security of certain types of data. Additionally, the FTC and many state attorneys general are interpreting federal and state consumer protection laws as imposing standards for the online collection, use, dissemination and security of data.

The regulatory framework for data privacy issues worldwide is currently evolving and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. The occurrence of unanticipated events often rapidly drives the adoption of legislation or regulation affecting the use, collection or other processing of data and manners in which we conduct our business. Restrictions could be placed upon the collection, management, aggregation and use of information, which could result in a material increase in the cost of collecting or otherwise obtaining certain kinds of data and could limit the ways in which we may use or disclose information.

In particular, interest-based advertising, or the use of data to draw inferences about a user’s interests and deliver relevant advertising to that user, and similar or related practices, such as cross-device data collection and aggregation, steps taken to de-identify personal data and to use and distribute the resulting data, including for purposes of personalization and the targeting of advertisements, have come under increasing scrutiny by legislative, regulatory, and self-regulatory bodies in the U.S. and abroad that focus on consumer protection or data privacy. Much of this scrutiny has focused on the use of cookies and other technology to collect information about Internet users’ online browsing activity on web browsers, mobile devices, and other devices, to associate such data with user or device identifiers or pseudonymous identities across devices and channels. In addition, providers of Internet browsers have engaged in, or announced plans to continue or expand, efforts to provide increased visibility into, and certain controls over, cookies and similar technologies and the data collected using such technologies. For example, in January 2020 Google announced that at some point in the following 24 months the Chrome browser will block third-party cookies. In April 2021, Google began releasing software updates to its Chrome browser with features intended to phase out third-party cookies. Because we, and our clients, rely upon large volumes of such data collected primarily through cookies and similar technologies, it is possible that these efforts may have a substantial impact on our ability to collect and use data from Internet users, and it is essential that we monitor developments in this area domestically and globally, and engage in responsible privacy practices, including providing consumers with notice of the types of data we collect and how we use that data to provide our services.

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In the U.S., the U.S. Congress and state legislatures, along with federal regulatory authorities have recently increased their attention on matters concerning the collection and use of consumer data. In the U.S., non-sensitive consumer data generally may be used under current rules and regulations, subject to certain restrictions, so long as the person does not affirmatively “opt-out” of the collection or use of such data. If an “opt-in” model were to be adopted in the U.S., less data would be available, and the cost of data would be higher. For example, California enacted legislation, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), that became operative on January 1, 2020 and came under California Attorney General ("AG") enforcement on July 1, 2020. The CCPA requires covered companies to, among other things, provide new disclosures to California consumers and afford such consumers new abilities to opt-out of certain sales of personal information, a concept that is defined broadly. The CCPA is the subject of regulations issued by the California AG. In November 2020 California voters also approved the ballot initiative known as the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 (“CPRA”). Pursuant to the CPRA, the CCPA will be amended by creating additional privacy rights for California consumers and additional obligations on businesses, which could subject us to additional compliance costs as well as possible fines, individual claims and commercial liabilities for certain compliance failures. In March 2021, the Virginia legislature passed the Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act ("VCDPA") and in June 2021, the Colorado legislature passed the Colorado Privacy Act (the "CPA"). The CPRA and VCDPA will take effect on January 1, 2023 and the CPA will go into effect July 1, 2023. The passage of these acts may prompt further legislative developments in other states. In addition, in April 2022, the FTC Chair called for a new approach to consumer data protection from procedural protections, such as the notice and consent framework in which consumers are asked to agree to privacy policies, to substantive limits. Further modifications and regulations to these Acts, or new rules promulgated by the FTC, could create additional liability and require costly expenditures to ensure continued compliance.

We cannot yet fully predict the full impact of the CCPA, CPRA or VCDPA on our business or operations, but they may require us to modify our data processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply. The CCPA, CPRA and VCDPA have prompted a number of proposals for federal and other state privacy legislation that, if enacted, could increase our exposure to potential liability, add additional complexity to compliance in the U.S. market and increase our compliance costs. For example, other states have enacted or are considering legislation similar to that of the CCPA, CPRA and VCDPA statutory frameworks, including legislation that, if enacted, would require persons to “opt-in” to the collection of certain consumer data. Decreased availability and increased costs of information could adversely affect our ability to meet our clients’ requirements and could result in decreased revenues.

In Europe, the European General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR") took effect on May 25, 2018 and applies to products and services that we provide in Europe, as well as the processing of personal data of EU citizens, wherever that processing occurs. The GDPR includes operational requirements for companies that receive or process personal data of residents of the European Union that are different than those that were in place in the European Union. For example, we have been required to offer new controls to data subjects in Europe before processing data for certain aspects of our service. In addition, the GDPR includes significant penalties for non-compliance of up to the greater of €20 million or 4% of an enterprise’s global annual revenue. Further, the European Union is expected to replace the EU Cookie Directive governing the use of technologies to collect consumer information with the ePrivacy Regulation. The replacement ePrivacy Regulation may impose burdensome requirements around obtaining consent and impose fines for violations that are materially higher than those imposed under the European Union’s current ePrivacy Directive and related EU member state legislation. In addition, some countries are considering or have passed legislation or interpretations implementing data protection requirements or requiring local storage and processing of data or similar requirements that could increase the cost and complexity of delivering our services. Any failure to achieve required data protection standards may result in lawsuits, regulatory fines, or other actions or liability, all of which may harm our operating results.

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In June 2016, a referendum was passed in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, commonly referred to as “Brexit.” The United Kingdom exited the European Union pursuant to Brexit on January 31, 2020, subject to a transition period for certain matters that ran through December 31, 2020. Brexit has created an uncertain political and economic environment in the United Kingdom and other European Union countries. For example, a Data Protection Bill designed to be consistent with GDPR was enacted in the United Kingdom in May 2018, but it remains uncertain how data transfers to and from the United Kingdom will be regulated in the mid and long term. Pursuant to the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, which went into effect on January 1, 2021, the United Kingdom and the European Union agreed to a specified period during which the United Kingdom will be treated like a European Union member state in relation to transfers of personal data to the United Kingdom for four months from January 1, 2021 (with potential extensions). Following the expiration of the specified period, there may be an increase in the divergence in the interpretation, application and enforcement of data protection laws between the United Kingdom and the European Union. The full effect of Brexit is uncertain and depends on any agreements the United Kingdom may make to retain access to European Union markets. Consequently, no assurance can be given about the impact of the outcome and our business may be seriously harmed.

We are also subject to laws, regulations and other restrictions that dictate whether, how, and under what circumstances we can transfer, process and/or receive certain data that is critical to our operations, including data shared between countries or regions in which we operate, and data shared among our products and services. For example, in 2016, the European Union and the U.S. agreed to an alternative transfer framework for data transferred from the European Union to the U.S., called the Privacy Shield. On July 16, 2020, however, the European Court of Justice invalidated the Privacy Shield and companies may no longer rely on it as a valid mechanism to comply with European Union data protection requirements. The invalidation of the Privacy Shield and related uncertainty regarding other data transfer mechanisms could have a significant adverse impact on our operations, while increasing our compliance costs and legal and regulatory risks. While domestic efforts between the EU and U.S. toward a replacement are underway, the timing, requirements and reliability are unclear. In addition, the other bases upon which we rely to legitimize the transfer of such data, such as Standard Contractual Clauses, have been subjected to regulatory and judicial scrutiny. If other legal bases upon which we currently rely for transferring data from Europe to the U.S. are invalidated, if we are unable to transfer data between and among countries and regions in which we operate, or if we are prohibited from sharing data among our products and services, it could affect the manner in which we provide our services or adversely affect our financial results.

In addition to government regulation, privacy advocacy and industry groups may propose new and different self-regulatory standards that either legally or contractually apply to us or our clients. We are members of self-regulatory bodies that impose additional requirements related to the collection, use, and disclosure of consumer data. Under the requirements of these self-regulatory bodies, in addition to other compliance obligations, we are obligated to provide consumers with notice about our use of cookies and other technologies to collect consumer data and of our collection and use of consumer data for certain purposes, and to provide consumers with certain choices relating to the use of consumer data. Some of these self-regulatory bodies have the ability to discipline members or participants, which could result in fines, penalties, and/or public censure (which could in turn cause reputational harm). Additionally, some of these self-regulatory bodies might refer violations of their requirements to the Federal Trade Commission or other regulatory bodies.

Because the interpretation and application of privacy and data protection laws, regulations and standards are uncertain, it is possible that these laws, regulations and standards may be interpreted and applied in manners that are, or are asserted to be, inconsistent with our data management practices or the technological features of our solutions. If so, in addition to the possibility of fines, investigations, lawsuits and other claims and proceedings, it may be necessary or desirable for us to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or modify our products and services, which could have an adverse effect on our business. We may be unable to make such changes or modifications in a commercially reasonable manner or at all. Any inability to adequately address privacy concerns, even if unfounded, or any actual or perceived failure to comply with applicable privacy or data protection laws, regulations, standards or policies, could result in additional cost and liability to us, damage our reputation, decrease the availability of and increase costs for information, inhibit sales and harm our business. Furthermore, the costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, the laws, regulations, standards and policies that are applicable to the businesses of our clients may limit the use and adoption of, and reduce the overall demand for, our platform. Privacy concerns, whether valid or not valid, may inhibit market adoption of our platform particularly in certain industries and foreign countries.

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Changes in tax laws or regulations that are applied adversely to us or our customers may have a material

adverse effect on our business, cash flow, financial condition or results of operations.

New income, sales, use or other tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be enacted at any time, which could affect the tax treatment of our domestic and foreign earnings. Our existing corporate structure and intercompany arrangements have been implemented in a manner we believe is in compliance with current prevailing tax laws. However, due to economic and political conditions, tax rates and tax regimes in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant changes, and the tax benefits that we intend to eventually derive could be impacted by changing tax laws. Any new taxes could adversely affect our domestic and international business operations, and our business and financial performance. Further, existing tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flow, financial condition or results of operations.

Governments are increasingly focused on ways to increase tax revenue, which has contributed to an increase in audit activity, more aggressive positions taken by tax authorities and an increase in tax legislation. Any such additional taxes or other assessments may be in excess of our current tax provisions or may require us to modify our business practices in order to reduce our exposure to additional taxes going forward, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

Third parties may claim that we are infringing their intellectual property and we could suffer significant litigation or licensing expenses or be prevented from developing or selling products or services. Additionally, third parties may infringe our intellectual property and we may suffer competitive injury or expend significant resources enforcing our rights.

As our business is focused on data-driven results and analytics, we rely heavily on proprietary information technology, processes and other protectable intellectual property rights. From time to time, third parties may claim that one or more of our products or services infringe their intellectual property rights. We analyze and take action in response to such claims on a case-by-case basis. Any dispute or litigation regarding patents or other intellectual property, whether they are with or without merit, could be costly and time-consuming due to the complexity of our technology and the uncertainty of intellectual property litigation, which could divert the attention of our management and key personnel away from our business operations, even if ultimately determined in our favor. A claim of intellectual property infringement could force us to enter into a costly or restrictive license or royalty agreement, which might not be available under acceptable terms or at all, could require us to pay significant damages (including attorneys’ fees), could subject us to an injunction against development and sale of certain of our products or services, could require us to expend additional development resources to redesign our technology and could require us to indemnify our partners and other third parties.

Our proprietary portfolio consists of various intellectual property rights, including patents, copyrights, database rights, source code, trademarks, trade secrets, know-how, confidentiality provisions and licensing arrangements. The extent to which such rights can be protected varies from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. If we do not enforce our intellectual property rights vigorously and successfully, our competitive position may suffer, which could harm our operating results. 

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Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2.  Properties

LiveRamp is headquartered in San Francisco, California with additional locations in the United States.  We also have a physical presence in Europe and Asia-Pacific. As we have only one business segment, all of the properties listed below are used exclusively by it. In general, our facilities are in good condition, and we believe that they are adequate to meet our current needs. The table below sets forth the location, form of ownership and general use of our principal properties currently being used.

Location	Held	Use
United States:
San Francisco, California	Lease	Office space
New York, New York	Lease	Office space
Little Rock, Arkansas	Lease	Office space
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania	Lease	Office space
Boston, Massachusetts	Lease	Office space
Tempe, Arizona	Lease	Office space
Seattle, Washington	Lease	Office space
Europe:
London, England	Lease	Office space
Paris, France	Lease	Office space
Amsterdam, Netherlands	Lease	Office space
Asia-Pacific:
Shanghai, China	Lease	Office space
Nantong, China	Lease	Office space
Singapore, Singapore	Lease	Office space
Tokyo, Japan	Lease	Office space
Sydney, Australia	Lease	Office space

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

The information required by this item is set forth under Note 13, "Commitments and Contingencies" to our Consolidated Financial Statements, which appears in the Financial Supplement at page F-47, and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

32

PART II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

Market Information

The outstanding shares of LiveRamp's common stock are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "RAMP".

Stockholders

As of May 19, 2022, the approximate number of record holders of the Company’s common stock was 1,010.

Dividends

The Company has not paid dividends on its common stock in the past two fiscal years. The Board of Directors may consider paying dividends in the future but has no plans to pay dividends in the short term. 

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Performance Graph

The graph below compares the 5-year cumulative total return of holders of our common stock with the cumulative total returns of the Russell 2000 index and S&P 400 IT Consulting and Other Services index. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock and in each index, (with the reinvestment of dividends) from 3/31/2017 to 3/31/2022.

	March 2017	March 2018	March 2019	March 2020	March 2021	March 2022
LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.	100.00	79.77	191.68	115.63	182.23	131.33
Russell 2000	100.00	111.79	114.09	86.72	168.96	159.19
S&P 400 IT Consulting and Other Services	100.00	121.91	132.92	133.93	164.79	107.18

The performance graph and the related chart and text, are being furnished solely to accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, and are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of ours, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

Copyright© 2022 Standard and Poor's, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved. Copyright© 2022 Russell Investment Group. All rights reserved.

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Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

The table below provides information regarding purchases by LiveRamp of its common stock during the periods indicated.

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid Per Share	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1, 2022 - January 31, 2022	119,643	43.45	119,643	$	272,021,556
February 1, 2022 - February 28, 2022	97,708	42.97	97,708	$	267,823,268
March 1, 2022 - March 31, 2022	—	—	—	$	267,823,268
Total	217,351	43.23	217,351	N/A

On August 29, 2011, the board of directors adopted a common stock repurchase program. That program was subsequently modified and expanded, most recently on November 3, 2020.  Under the modified common stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase up to $1.0 billion of its common stock through the period ending December 31, 2022. Through March 31, 2022, the Company had repurchased 29.6 million shares of its stock for $732.2 million, leaving remaining capacity of $267.8 million under the stock repurchase program.

Item 6. Reserved

Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The information required by this item appears in the Financial Supplement beginning at page F-2, which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Market Risk

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our primary market risk is foreign currency exchange rate risk and inflation.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk. LiveRamp has a presence in the United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, Australia, China, Singapore and Japan. Most of the Company's exposure to exchange rate fluctuation is due to translation gains and losses as there are no material transactions that cause exchange rate impact. In general, each of the foreign locations is expected to fund its own operations and cash flows, although funds may be loaned or invested from the U.S. to the foreign subsidiaries. These advances are considered long-term investments, and any gain or loss resulting from exchange rates as well as gains or losses resulting from translating the foreign financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Therefore, exchange rate movements of foreign currencies may have an impact on LiveRamp’s future costs or on future cash flows from foreign investments.  LiveRamp has not entered into any foreign currency forward exchange contracts or other derivative instruments to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. There have been no changes since the end of the last fiscal year in our primary market risk exposures or the management of those exposures, and we do not expect any changes going forward.

Inflation. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business. However, if our costs, in particular sales and marketing and hosting costs, were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

35

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The financial statements required by this item appear in the Financial Supplement beginning at page F-19, which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2022.  Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2022, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were effective at the reasonable assurance level to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the Annual Report on Form 10-K was (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud.  A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.  Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.  Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, with LiveRamp have been detected.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended).

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

•Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

•Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

•Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluations of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

36

The Company’s management, with participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2022.  In making this assessment, the Company’s management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).

Based on management’s assessment and those criteria, the Company’s management determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2022.

The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2022 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report, which is included under Item 8 of this annual report on Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.  Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 9C.  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

Not applicable.

37

Part III

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information concerning our executive officers is contained in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant,” which is included there pursuant to Instruction 3 to Item 401(b) of the SEC’s Regulation S-K.

The LiveRamp Board of Directors has adopted codes of ethics applicable to our principal executive, financial and accounting officers and all other persons performing similar functions.  Copies of these codes of ethics are posted on LiveRamp’s website at www.liveramp.com under the “Corporate Governance” section of the site.  Except as set forth above, the information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after March 31, 2022, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders. 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after March 31, 2022, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

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Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table contains information about our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans as of March 31, 2022: 

Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan category	Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants, and rights		Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants, and rights 2		Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a))
	(a)		(b)		(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders	5,440,084	1	$	17.47	3,130,587	3
Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders	—		—		41,983	4
Total	5,440,084		$	17.47	3,172,570

_____________________________________________

1.This amount does not include the number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants, and rights under equity compensation plans LiveRamp assumed in acquisitions (52,029 shares at a weighted-average exercise price of $0.80).

2.The weighted-average exercise price set forth in this column is calculated excluding outstanding restricted stock unit awards, since recipients are not required to pay an exercise price to receive the shares subject to these awards.

3.This amount represents shares of Common Stock available for future issuance under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp, Inc. (2,807,553) (the "2005 Plan") and the LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. 2005 Stock Purchase Plan (323,034, including 81,134 shares subject to purchase during the current purchase period), which is an employee stock purchase plan covered by Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code. The 2005 Plan is an equity compensation plan that permits awards of a variety of equity-based incentives, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance awards and other stock unit awards.

4.This amount represents shares available for issuance pursuant to the Company’s 2011 Non-qualified Equity Compensation Plan described below, which does not require shareholder approval under the exception provided for in NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5635(c)(4).

Equity Compensation Plan Not Approved by Security Holders 

The Company adopted the 2011 Non-qualified Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “2011 Plan”) for the purpose of making equity grants to induce new key executives to join the Company. The awards that may be made under the 2011 Plan include stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, RSU awards, performance awards, or other stock unit awards. To receive such an award, a person must be newly employed with the Company with the award being provided as an inducement material to their employment, provided the award is first properly approved by the board of directors or an independent committee of the board. The board of directors and its compensation committee are the administrators of the 2011 Plan, and as such, determine all matters relating to awards granted under the 2011 Plan, including the eligible recipients, whether and to what extent awards are to be granted, the number of shares to be covered by each grant and the terms and conditions of the awards. The 2011 Plan has not been approved by the Company’s shareholders.

The remaining information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after March 31, 2022, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act in connection with our 2021 annual meeting of stockholders.

39

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after March 31, 2022, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the definitive proxy statement to be filed within 120 days after March 31, 2022, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act in connection with our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders.

40

Part IV

Item 15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:

1.  Financial Statements.

The following consolidated financial statements of the registrant and its subsidiaries included in the Financial Supplement and the Independent Auditors' Reports thereof are attached hereto.  Page references are to page numbers in the Financial Supplement.

	F-Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 185)	F-17
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and 2021	F-19
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-20
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-21
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-22
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-24
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	F-26

2.  Financial Statement Schedules.

All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or not required or because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

3.  Exhibits.

The following exhibits are filed with this report or are incorporated by reference to previously filed material.

 

Exhibit No.
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (previously filed on October 1, 2018 as Exhibit 3.1 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws (previously filed on October 1, 2018, as Exhibit 3.2 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
4.1	Description of Share Capital (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, Commission File No. 001-38869, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.1	LiveRamp Holdings, Inc Employee Stock Purchase Plan (previously filed on November 16, 2020 as Exhibit 10.1 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K, Commission file No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)

41

Exhibit No.
10.2	Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
10.3	Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, amended and restated effective January 1, 2009 (previously filed on May 29, 2013 as Exhibit 10.27 to Acxiom Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.4	First Amendment to the Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, effective July 1, 2009 (previously filed on May 29, 2013 as Exhibit 10.28 to Acxiom Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.5	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, effective September 30, 2016 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.5 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.6	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, effective April 1, 2018(previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.6 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.7	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, effective September 20, 2018 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.7 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.8	Amendment to the Amended and Restated LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. Non-Qualified Deferral Plan, effective January 1, 2020 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.8 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.9	Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, amended and restated effective January 1, 2009 (previously filed on May 29, 2013 as Exhibit 10.29 to Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.10	First Amendment to the Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, effective July 1, 2009 (previously filed on May 29, 2013 as Exhibit 10.30 to Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporation herein by reference)
10.11	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, effective September 30, 2016 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.11 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.12	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, effective April 1, 2018 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.12 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.13	Amendment to the Amended and Restated Acxiom Corporation Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, effective September 20, 2018 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.13 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.14	Amendment to the Amended and Restated LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. Non-Qualified Matching Contribution Plan, effective January 1, 2020 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.14 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.15	LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. Directors’ Deferred Compensation Plan, effective October 1, 2018 (previously filed on May 27, 2021 as Exhibit 10.15 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-Kfor the year ended March 31, 2021, Commission file No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)

42

Exhibit No.
10.16	Amended and Restated 2010 Executive Cash Incentive Plan of Acxiom Corporation (previously filed on May 27, 2015 as Exhibit 10.6 to Acxiom Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2015, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.17	Amended and Restated 2010 Executive Officer Severance Policy (previously filed on May 29, 2019 as Exhibit 10.9 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.18	2011 Nonqualified Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (previously filed on October 2, 2018, as Exhibit 99.8 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-214927, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.19	LiveRamp, Inc. 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (previously filed on October 2, 2018, as Exhibit 99.2 to LiveRamp holdings, Inc.'s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on form S-8, Registration No. 333-197463, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.20	Arbor Equity Compensation Plan (previously filed on October 2, 2018, as Exhibit 99.4 to LiveRamp Holdings Inc.'s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-8, No. 333-214926, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.21	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award under the Arbor Equity Compensation Plan (previously filed on May 26, 2017 as Exhibit 10.19 to the Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year March 31, 2017, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.23	2018 Equity Compensation Plan of Pacific Data Partners LLC (previously filed on October 2, 2018, as Exhibit 99.10 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-227540, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.24	Data Plus Math Corporation 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (previously filed on August 1, 2019, as Exhibit 10.1 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.'s Registration Statement on form S-8, Registration No. 333-232963, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.25	DataFleets, Ltd. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (previously filed on March 15, 2021 as Exhibit 99.1 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-254302, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.26	Amendment to the DataFleets, Ltd. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (previously filed on March 15, 2021 as Exhibit 99.2 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, Registration No. 333-254302, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.27	Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of Acxiom Corporation (previously filed on May 26, 2017 as Exhibit 10.16 to Acxiom Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year March 31, 2017, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.28	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., (previously filed on May 26, 2020 as Exhibit 10.18 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.29	Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (previously filed on May 26, 2020 as Exhibit 10.19 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.30	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award under the 2011 Nonqualified Equity Compensation Plan of Acxiom Corporation (previously filed on May 26, 2017 as Exhibit 10.18 to Acxiom Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year March 31, 2017, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.31	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (CA)

43

Exhibit No.
10.32	Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (CA)
10.33	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
10.34	Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
10.35	Form of Long-Term Cash Award Agreement (Time-Based)
10.36	Form of Long-Term Cash Award Agreement (Performance-Based)
10.37	Employment Agreement by and between Acxiom Corporation and Scott E. Howe dated as of February 14, 2018 (previously filed on May 25, 2018 as Exhibit 10.22 to Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, Commission File No. 000-13163, and incorporated herein by reference)
10.38	Employment Agreement by and between Acxiom Corporation and Warren C. Jenson dated as of February 14, 2018 (previously filed on May 25, 2018 as Exhibit 10.23 to Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, Commission File No. 000-13163,and incorporated by reference)
10.39	Form of Director Indemnity Agreement (previously filed on May 25, 2018 as Exhibit 10.26 to Acxiom Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, Commission File No. 000-13163,and incorporated by reference)
10.4	Form of Officer and Key Employee Indemnity Agreement (previously filed on May 29, 2019 as Exhibit 10.25 to LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, Commission File No. 001-38669, and incorporated herein by reference)
21	Subsidiaries of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
23	Consent of KPMG LLP
24	Powers of Attorney
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	Certification of President, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director of International (principal financial and accounting officer) pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification of President, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director of International (principal financial and accounting officer) pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101	The following financial information from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, formatted in inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and 2021; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (v)  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; and (vi) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged in detail.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

44

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

45

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.
Date:  May 24, 2022	By:	/s/ Warren C. Jenson
		Warren C. Jenson
		President, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director of International
		(principal financial and accounting officer)

46

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature
/s/ John L. Battelle*	Director	May 24, 2022
John L. Battelle
/s/ Timothy R. Cadogan*	Director	May 24, 2022
Timothy R. Cadogan
/s/ Vivian Chow*	Director	May 24, 2022
Vivian Chow
/s/ Richard P. Fox*	Director	May 24, 2022
Richard P. Fox
/s/ Scott E. Howe*	Director, CEO (principal executive officer)	May 24, 2022
Scott E. Howe
/s/ Clark M. Kokich*	Director (Non-Executive Chairman of the Board)	May 24, 2022
Clark M. Kokich
/s/ Kamakshi Sivaramakrishnan*	Director	May 24, 2022
Kamakshi Sivaramakrishnan
/s/ Omar Tawakol*	Director	May 24, 2022
Omar Tawakol
/s/ Debora B. Tomlin*	Director	May 24, 2022
Debora B. Tomlin
/s/ Warren C. Jenson	President, CFO & Executive MD of International (principal financial and accounting officer)	May 24, 2022
Warren C. Jenson

*By:	/s/ Catherine L. Hughes
	Catherine L. Hughes
	Attorney-in-Fact

47

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL SUPPLEMENT

TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2022

 

	F-Page
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	F-2
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 185)	F-17
Annual Financial Statements:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2022 and 2021	F-19
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-20
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-21
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-22
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020	F-24
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	F-26

F-1

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included in Item 8 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, beliefs, and expectations, and involve risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in the section titled "Item 1A. Risk Factors".

We begin Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations with an introduction and overview, including our operating segment, sources of revenue, summary results and notable events. This overview is followed by a summary of our critical accounting policies and estimates that we believe are important to understanding the assumptions and judgments incorporated in our reported financial results. We then provide a more detailed analysis of our results of operations and financial condition.

Introduction and Overview

LiveRamp is a global technology company with a vision of making it safe and easy for companies to use data effectively. We provide a best-in-class enterprise data connectivity platform that helps organizations better leverage customer data within and outside their four walls. Powered by core identity capabilities and an extensive network, LiveRamp enables companies and their partners to better connect, control, and activate data to transform customer experiences and generate more valuable business outcomes.

LiveRamp is a Delaware corporation headquartered in San Francisco, California. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAMP.” We serve a global client base from locations in the United States, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) region. Our direct client list includes many of the world’s largest and best-known brands across most major industry verticals, including but not limited to financial, insurance and investment services, retail, automotive, telecommunications, high tech, consumer packaged goods, healthcare, travel, entertainment, non-profit, and government. Through our extensive reseller and partnership network, we serve thousands of additional companies, establishing LiveRamp as a foundational and neutral enabler of the customer experience economy.

Operating Segment

The Company operates as one operating segment. An operating segment is defined as a component of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. Since we operate as one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Sources of Revenues

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) Subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our platform; and (ii) Marketplace and Other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from data transactions through our LiveRamp Data Marketplace, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

The LiveRamp Platform

As depicted in the graphic below, we power the industry’s leading enterprise data connectivity platform. We enable organizations to access and leverage data more effectively across the applications they use to interact with their customers. A core component of our platform is the omnichannel, deterministic identity asset that sits at its center. Leveraging deep expertise in identity and data collaboration, the LiveRamp platform enables an organization to unify customer and prospect data (first-, second-, or third-party) to build a single view of the customer in a way that protects consumer privacy. This single customer view can then be enhanced and activated across any of the 550 partners in our ecosystem in order to support a variety of people-based marketing solutions, including:

F-2

•Activation. We enable organizations to leverage their customer and prospect data in the digital and TV ecosystems and across the customer experience applications they use through a safe and secure data matching process called data onboarding. Our technology ingests a customer’s first-party data, removes all offline data (personally identifiable information or "PII"), and replaces them with anonymized IDs called RampID™, a true people-based identifier. RampID can then be distributed through direct integrations to the top platforms our customers work with, including leading marketing cloud providers, publishers and social networks, personalization tools, and connected TV services.

•Measurement & Analytics. We power accurate and complete measurement with the measurement vendors and partners our customers use. Our platform allows customers to combine disparate data files (typically ad exposure and customer events, like transactions), replacing customer identifiers with RampID. Customers then can use that aggregated view of each customer for measurement of reach and frequency, sales lift, closed loop offline-to-online conversion and cross-channel attribution.

•Identity. We provide enterprise-level identity solutions that enable organizations to: 1) resolve and connect disparate identities, 2) enrich data sets with hygiene capabilities and additional audience data from Data Marketplace providers, and 3) translate data between different systems. Our approach to identity is built from two complementary graphs, combining offline data and online data and providing the highest level of accuracy with a focus on privacy. LiveRamp technology for PII gives brands and platforms the ability to connect and update what they know about consumers, resolving PII across enterprise databases and systems to deliver better customer experiences in a privacy-conscious manner. Our digital identity graph powered by our Authenticated Traffic Solution (or ATS) associates pseudonymous device IDs, TV IDs and other online customer IDs from premium publishers, platforms or data providers, around a RampID. This allows marketers to perform the personalized segmentation, targeting, and measurement use cases that require a consistent view of the user. There are currently more than 125 supply-side platforms live or committed to bid on RampID and ATS. In addition, to date more than 1,500 publishers, representing more than 11,000 publisher domains, have integrated ATS worldwide.

•Data Collaboration with Safe Haven. We enable trusted second-party data collaboration between organizations and their partners in a neutral, permissioned environment. Safe Haven provides customers with collaborative opportunities to safely and securely build a more accurate, dynamic view of their customers leveraging partner data. Advanced measurement and analytics use cases can be performed on this shared data without either party giving up control or compromising privacy.

•Data Marketplace. Our Data Marketplace provides customers with simplified access to trusted, industry-leading third-party data globally. The LiveRamp platform allows for the search, discovery and distribution of data to improve targeting, measurement, and customer intelligence. Data accessed through our Data Marketplace is connected via RampID and is utilized to enrich our customers’ first-party data and can be leveraged across technology and media platforms, agencies, analytics environments, and TV partners. Our platform also provides tools for data providers to manage the organization, distribution, and operation of their data and services across our network of customers and partners. Today we work with more than 200 data providers across all verticals and data types (see below for discussion on Marketplace and Other).

F-3

Consumer privacy and data protection, what we call Data Ethics, are at the center of how we design our products and services. Accordingly, the LiveRamp platform operates with technical, operational, and personnel controls designed to keep our customers’ data private and secure.

Our solutions are sold to enterprise marketers and the companies they partner with to execute their marketing, including agencies, marketing technology providers, publishers and data providers. Today, we work with approximately 910 direct subscription customers world-wide, including approximately 25% of the Fortune 500, and serve thousands of additional customers indirectly through our reseller partnership arrangements.

•Brands and Agencies. We work with over 450 of the largest brands and agencies in the world, helping them execute people-based marketing by creating an omni-channel understanding of the consumer and activating that understanding across their choice of best-of-breed digital marketing platforms.

•Marketing Technology Providers. We provide marketing technology providers with the identity foundation required to offer people-based targeting, measurement and personalization within their platforms. This adds value for brands by increasing reach, as well as the speed at which they can activate their marketing data.

•Publishers. We enable publishers of any size to offer people-based marketing on their properties. This adds value for brands by providing direct access to their customers and prospects in the publisher's premium inventory.

•Data Owners. Leveraging our vast network of integrations, we allow data owners to easily connect to the digital ecosystem and monetize their own data. Data can be distributed to clients or made available through the LiveRamp Data Marketplace feature. This adds value for brands as it allows them to augment their understanding of consumers and increase both their reach against and understanding of customers and prospects.

We primarily charge for our platform on an annual subscription basis. Our subscription pricing is based primarily on data volume, which is a function of data input records and connection points.

F-4

Marketplace and Other

As we have scaled the LiveRamp network and technology, we have found additional ways to leverage our platform, deliver more value to clients and create incremental revenue streams. Leveraging our common identity system and broad integration network, the LiveRamp Data Marketplace is a solution that seamlessly connects data owners’ audience data across the marketing ecosystem. The Data Marketplace allows data owners to easily monetize their data across hundreds of marketing platforms and publishers with a single contract. At the same time, it provides a single gateway where data buyers, including platforms and publishers, in addition to brands and their agencies, can access third-party data from more than 200 data providers, supporting all industries and encompassing all types of data. Data providers include sources and brands exclusive to LiveRamp, emerging platforms with access to previously unavailable deterministic data, and data partnerships enabled by our platform.

We generate revenue from the Data Marketplace primarily through revenue-sharing arrangements with data owners that are monetizing their data assets on our marketplace. We also generate Marketplace and Other revenue through transactional usage-based arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

COVID-19 Update

The COVID-19 pandemic has continued to spread across the world. The pandemic and the public health measures taken in response to it have adversely affected workforces, organizations, customers, economies, and financial markets globally, leading to an economic downturn and increased market volatility. We are continuing to monitor the actual and potential effects of the pandemic, including the impact of variants of COVID-19, such as the Delta and Omicron variants, across our business. Because these effects are dependent on highly uncertain future developments, including the duration, spread and severity of the outbreak, the actions taken to contain the virus, and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume, they are extremely difficult to predict, and it is not possible at this time to estimate the full impact that COVID-19 could have on our business going forward.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020 we temporarily closed most of our offices (including our headquarters), encouraged our employees to work remotely, implemented restrictions on all non-essential travel, and shifted certain of our customer, industry, investor, and employee events to virtual-only experiences. With the widespread availability of vaccines and treatment, and the ebb and flow of variants and decreases in hospitalizations we have eased those restrictions substantially, reopening all offices in the U.S. and Europe, and Asia-Pacific where permitted. If the COVID-19 pandemic worsens, especially in regions in which we have material operations or sales, our business activities originating from affected areas, including sales-related activities, could be adversely affected. Disruptive activities could include business closures in impacted areas, further restrictions on our employees’ and other service providers’ ability to travel, impacts to productivity if our employees or their family members experience health issues, and potential delays in hiring and onboarding of new employees. Further, we may experience increased cyberattacks and security challenges as our global employee base works remotely. Our employees' ability to effectively work remotely is also impacted by continued availability of internet connectivity and a general degradation of such would negatively impact their ability to work effectively.

F-5

Summary Results and Notable Events

During fiscal 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of certain technology assets owned by Rakam, Inc. ("Rakam") for approximately $2.2 million in cash. The technology asset is a cloud-agnostic customer data analytics platform that is deployed directly in the client's data warehouse. The purchased technology will be embedded into the Company's platform, enabling us to provide a single, unified segmentation solution and enable our clients to generate real-time insights and create custom audiences wherever their data resides. The Company concluded the acquired assets did not meet the definition of a business under ASU 2017-01, "Clarifying the Definition of a Business", and therefore has accounted for the acquisition as an asset acquisition. The purchased asset was recorded as a $2.2 million developed technology intangible asset and is being amortized over a period of three years based on its estimated useful life.

During fiscal 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Diablo.ai, Inc. ("Diablo"), a first-party data resolution platform and graph builder, for approximately $9.7 million in cash. Diablo's technology was embedded into our unified platform and plays an integral role in our global identity capability. The Company has included the financial results of Diablo in the consolidated financial statements as of the first quarter of fiscal 2022.

During fiscal 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of DataFleets, Ltd. ("DataFleets"), a cloud data platform that enables data silos to be unified without moving data or compromising privacy. This acquisition expands LiveRamp's data protection capabilities to unlock greater data access and control for its customers. In addition, the deal opens up new use cases as well as new markets for distributed data collaboration through the Safe Haven platform. The Company has included the financial results of DataFleets in the consolidated financial statements as of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. The acquisition consideration for DataFleets was approximately $67.2 million cash.

During fiscal 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Acuity Data ("Acuity"), a team of global retail and consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) experts, for approximately $2.9 million in cash. The acquisition also included a three-year performance plan having a maximum potential attainment of $5.1 million that would be recorded as non-cash stock compensation if achieved. The acquisition strengthens the retail analytics capabilities of our Safe Haven platform by enabling better reporting, insights, and collaboration for retailers and CPG companies, bridging the gap between trade and media by bringing consumers’ digital signals and retail transaction data together in a privacy-conscious manner. The Company has included the financial results of Acuity in the consolidated financial statements as of the second quarter of fiscal 2021.

During fiscal 2020, the Company closed its acquisition of Data Plus Math Corporation ("DPM"), a media measurement company that works with brands, agencies, cable operators, streaming TV services and networks to tie cross-screen ad exposure with real-world outcomes. The Company has included the financial results of DPM in the consolidated financial statements as of the second quarter of fiscal 2020. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DPM was approximately $118.0 million, consisting of $115.7 million cash and $2.3 million in stock awards.

During fiscal 2020, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Faktor B.V. ("Faktor"). Faktor is a global consent management platform that allows consumers to control how their data is collected, used, and transferred for usage to another party. The Company has included the financial results of Faktor in the consolidated financial statements as of the first quarter of fiscal 2020.The Company paid approximately $4.5 million in cash for the acquired shares.

A financial summary of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in fiscal 2021 is presented below:

•Revenues were $528.7 million, a 19.3% increase from $443.0 million in fiscal 2021.

•Cost of revenue was $147.4 million, a 2.4% increase from $144.0 million in fiscal 2021.

•Gross margin increased to 72.1% from 67.5% in fiscal 2021.

•Total operating expenses were $446.8 million, a 6.5% increase from $419.6 million in fiscal 2021.

•Cost of revenue and operating expenses for fiscal 2022 and 2021 included the following items:

F-6

◦Non-cash stock compensation of $87.3 million and $111.7 million, respectively (cost of revenue of $4.1 million and $5.3 million, respectively, and operating expenses of $83.1 million and $106.4 million, respectively)

◦Purchased intangible asset amortization of $18.7 million and $18.0 million, respectively (cost of revenue)

◦Restructuring and merger charges of $1.5 million and $2.7 million, respectively (gains, losses, and other)

◦Transformation costs of $3.9 million in fiscal 2021 (general and administrative)

•Total other income of $30.5 million in fiscal 2022 primarily related to a $30.2 million gain associated with a cash distribution received from a retained profits interest in a previous disposition.

•Net loss was $33.8 million, or $0.50 per diluted share, in fiscal 2022 compared to $90.3 million, or $1.36 per diluted share, in fiscal 2021.

•Net cash provided by operating activities was $78.1 million in fiscal 2022 compared to net cash used by operating activities of $20.6 million in fiscal 2021.

•The Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock in fiscal 2022 for $58.6 million under the Company's common stock repurchase program.

This summary and the following discussion and analysis highlight financial results as well as other significant events and transactions of the Company during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in fiscal 2021, unless otherwise stated. Discussion and analysis for the year ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period ended March 31, 2020 may be found in the section titled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2021.

F-7

Critical Accounting Policies

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”), and we consider the various staff accounting bulletins and other applicable guidance issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). GAAP, as set forth within the ASC, requires management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Note 1 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements includes a summary of significant accounting policies used in the preparation of LiveRamp’s consolidated financial statements. Of those policies, we have identified the following as the most critical because they are both important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and operating results, and they may require management to make judgments and estimates about inherently uncertain matters:

•Revenue Recognition

•Accounting for Income Taxes

•Business Combinations

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s policy follows the guidance from ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our LiveRamp platform; and (ii) marketplace and other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from access to data through our LiveRamp Data Marketplace, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied.

Identification of the contract

We consider the terms and conditions of the contract and our customary business practices when identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer or contract modification when the contract is approved and the parties are committed to performing their respective obligations, we can identify each party's rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the contract has commercial substance, and we have determined that collection of at least some of the contract consideration is probable. At contract inception we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the single or combined contract includes one or multiple performance obligations. We apply judgment in determining the customer's ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer's historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

F-8

Identification of the performance obligations

As part of accounting for arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we must assess whether each performance obligation is distinct. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have determined that our subscriptions to the platform are a distinct performance obligation and access to data for revenue-sharing and usage-based arrangements is a distinct performance obligation because, once a customer has access to the platform, the service is fully functional and does not require any additional development, modification, or customization.

Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies. Variable consideration is assessed and included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component.

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on the standalone selling price ("SSP") of each service. We generally determine the SSP based on contractual selling prices when the obligation is sold on a standalone basis, as well as market conditions, competition, and pricing practices. As pricing and marketing strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which could result in changes to SSP.

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied

Revenues are recognized when or as control of the promised services is transferred to customers. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the services are made available to customers. Marketplace and other revenue is typically transactional in nature, tied to a revenue share or volumes purchased. We report revenue from Data Marketplace and other similar transactions on a net basis because our performance obligation is to facilitate a transaction between data providers and data buyers, for which we earn a portion of the gross fee. Consequently, the portion of the gross amount billed to data buyers that is remitted to data providers is not reflected as revenues.

Accounting for Income Taxes

The Company makes estimates and judgments in determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. The Company assesses the likelihood that it will be able to recover its deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the Company increases the provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not ultimately be recoverable.

F-9

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the Company determines that a tax position will more likely than not be sustained on audit, the second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various possible outcomes.

The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors such as changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues. Determining whether an uncertain tax position is effectively settled requires judgment. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

Business Combinations

We apply the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for acquisitions. ASC 805 requires us to determine if assets or a business was acquired. If a business was acquired, it requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments resulting from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date and falls within the measurement period to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.

F-10

Results of Operations

A summary of selected financial information for each of the periods reported is presented below (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
					%
	2022		2021		Change
Revenues	$	528,657	$	443,026	19
Cost of revenue	147,427		144,004		2
Gross profit	381,230		299,022		27
Total operating expenses	446,768		419,570		6
Loss from operations	(65,538)		(120,548)		46
Total other income (expense), net	30,463		(252)		NA
Net loss	(33,833)		(90,268)		63
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	64

Revenues

The Company's revenues for each of the periods reported is presented below (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
					%
	2022		2021		Change
Revenues:
Subscription	$	428,617	$	356,597	20
Marketplace and Other	100,040		86,429		16
Total revenues	$	528,657	$	443,026	19

Total revenues for fiscal 2022 were $528.7 million, an $85.6 million or 19.3% increase compared to fiscal 2021. The increase was due to Subscription revenue growth of $72.0 million, or 20.2%, primarily due to new logo deals, upsell to existing customers and higher variable revenue. Marketplace and Other revenue growth was $13.6 million, or 15.7%, primarily due to Data Marketplace volume growth. On a geographic basis, U.S. revenue increased $79.8 million, or 19.2%. International revenue increased $5.9 million, or 21.6%.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

The Company’s cost of revenue and gross profit for each of the periods reported is presented below (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
							%
	2022			2021			Change
Cost of revenue	$	147,427		$	144,004		2
Gross profit	$	381,230		$	299,022		27
Gross margin (%)	72.1		%	67.5		%	7

Cost of revenue includes third-party direct costs including identity graph data, other data and cloud-based hosting costs, as well as costs of IT, security and product operations functions. Cost of revenue also includes amortization of acquisition-related intangibles.

F-11

Cost of revenue was $147.4 million for fiscal 2022, a $3.4 million, or 2.4%, increase compared to fiscal 2021. Gross margins increased to 72.1% compared to 67.5% in the prior year. The gross margin increase was due to revenue growth and Identity Graph optimizations. U.S. gross margins increased to 73.4% in the current year from 68.5% in the prior year. International gross margins increased to 52.2% from 51.6%.

Operating Expenses

The Company’s operating expenses for each of the periods reported is presented below (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
					%
	2022		2021		Change
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	157,935	$	135,111	17
Sales and marketing	182,763		177,543		3
General and administrative	104,591		104,201		—
Gains, losses and other items, net	1,479		2,715		(46)
Total operating expenses	$	446,768	$	419,570	6

Research and development (“R&D”) expense includes operating expenses for the Company’s engineering and product/project management functions supporting research, new development, and related product enhancement.

R&D expenses were $157.9 million for fiscal 2022, an increase of $22.8 million, or 16.9%, compared to fiscal 2021, and are 29.9% of total revenues compared to 30.5% in the prior year. Current year expenses included $32.1 million of stock-based compensation expense compared to $39.0 million in the prior year. The decrease in stock-based compensation expense is due to the accelerated vesting of certain awards in the prior year fourth quarter that would have otherwise vested over the subsequent six months to take advantage of significant cash tax savings opportunities. Excluding stock-based compensation expense, R&D expenses increased $29.7 million, or 30.9%, and are 23.8% of revenues compared to 21.7% in the prior year. The increase is due primarily to headcount investments (employee related expenses increased $18.1 million), increased professional services ($5.9 million) and higher travel expenses ($1.6 million).

Sales and marketing (“S&M”) expense includes operating expenses for the Company’s sales, marketing, and product marketing functions.

S&M expenses were $182.8 million for fiscal 2022, an increase of $5.2 million, or 2.9%, compared to fiscal 2021, and are 34.6% of total revenues compared to 40.1% in the prior year. Current year expenses included $28.6 million of stock-based compensation expense compared to $40.4 million in the prior year. The decrease in stock-based compensation expense is primarily due to the prior year vesting acceleration previously described. Excluding stock-based compensation expense, S&M expenses increased $17.0 million, or 12.4%, and are 29.2% of revenues compared to 31.0% in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to headcount investments (employee related expenses increased $5.1 million) and increased professional services ($8.6 million).

F-12

General and administrative ("G&A") expense represents operating expenses for the Company's finance, human resources, legal, corporate IT, and other corporate administrative functions.

G&A expenses were $104.6 million for fiscal 2022, an increase of $0.4 million, or 0.4%, compared to fiscal 2021, and are 19.8% of total revenues compared to 23.5% in the prior year. Current year expenses included $22.4 million of stock-based compensation expense compared to $27.0 million in the prior year. The decrease in stock-based compensation expense is primarily due to the prior year vesting acceleration previously described. Additionally, the prior year included $3.9 million of third-party transformation costs incurred in response to the potential COVID-19 pandemic impact on our business. Excluding stock-based compensation expense and third-party transformation costs, G&A expenses increased $8.9 million, or 12.1%, and are 15.6% of revenues compared to 16.5% in the prior year. The increase is due to headcount investments (employee related expenses increased $10.3 million) and higher facilities and related costs ($1.9 million), offset partially by lower professional services ($4.0 million).

Gains, losses, and other items, net represents restructuring costs and other adjustments.

Gains, losses and other items, net was $1.5 million for fiscal 2022, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 45.5%, compared to fiscal 2021. The current year amount includes $1.0 million related to the early termination of a data provider arrangement. The prior year amount includes $1.7 million in severance, a lease settlement of $1.0 million, and acquisition related costs of $0.9 million offset partially by the Redwood City location reserve adjustment of $0.9 million.

Loss from Operations and Operating Margin

Loss from operations was $65.5 million for fiscal 2022 compared to $120.5 million for fiscal 2021. Operating margin was a negative 12.4% for fiscal 2022 compared to a negative 27.2% for fiscal 2021. The improvement was primarily due to increased gross profit of $82.2 million from an increase in revenues and relatively flat cost of revenue, offset partially by increased operating expenses as previously described.

Other Income (Expense) and Income Taxes

Total other income was $30.5 million for fiscal 2022 compared to other expense of $0.3 million for fiscal 2021. The current year amount includes a $30.2 million gain related to a $31.2 million cash distribution received from a retained profits interest associated with the July 2015 disposition of our former IT outsourcing business. Excluding this gain, other income for both periods primarily consists of interest income from invested cash balances and net foreign exchange transaction gains and losses.

Income tax benefit was $1.2 million on a pretax loss of $35.1 million for fiscal 2022, resulting in a 4% effective tax rate. This compares to a prior year income tax benefit of $30.5 million on a pretax loss of $120.8 million, or a 25% effective tax rate. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company released $2.6 million in tax contingency reserves as a result of the expiration of statutes of limitation. Due to the enactment of the CARES Act on March 27, 2020 and its loss carryback provisions, in fiscal 2021 the Company was able to benefit from its losses.

F-13

Capital Resources and Liquidity

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are primarily located in the United States.  At March 31, 2022, approximately $10.3 million of the total cash balance of $600.2 million, or approximately 1.7%, was located outside of the United States. The Company has no current plans to repatriate this cash to the United States.

Net accounts receivable balances were $148.3 million at March 31, 2022, an increase of $34.1 million, compared to $114.3 million at March 31, 2021. Days sales outstanding ("DSO"), a measurement of the time it takes to collect receivables, were 94 days at March 31, 2022, compared to 86 days at March 31, 2021. DSO can fluctuate due to the timing and nature of contracts that lead to up-front billings related to deferred revenue on services not yet performed, and Marketplace and other contracts, which are billed on a gross basis, recognized on a net basis, but for which the amount that is due to data providers is not reflected as an offset to accounts receivable. Compared to March 31, 2021, DSO at March 31, 2022 was negatively impacted by approximately 4 days by the increased impact of Data Marketplace gross accounts receivable. All customer accounts are actively managed, and no losses in excess of amounts reserved are currently expected.

Working capital at March 31, 2022 totaled $631.3 million, a $29.2 million decrease when compared to $660.5 million at March 31, 2021.

For tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 modifies IRC Section 174 by eliminating the option to deduct research and development expenditures currently and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize them over five years for research performed in the U.S. and 15 years for research performed outside the U.S. Although Congress is considering legislation that would repeal or defer the capitalization and amortization requirement, it is not certain that this provision will be repealed or otherwise modified. If the requirement is not modified, it will increase our cash taxes and reduce cash flows in fiscal 2023.

Management believes that the Company's existing available cash will be sufficient to meet the Company's working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future. However, in light of the current global COVID-19 pandemic, our liquidity position may change due to the inability to collect from our customers, inability to raise new capital via issuance of equity or debt, and disruption in completing repayments or disbursements to our creditors. We have historically taken and may continue to take advantage of opportunities to generate additional liquidity through capital market transactions. The continued impact of COVID-19 has caused significant disruptions to the global financial markets, which could increase the cost of capital and adversely impact our ability to raise additional capital, which could negatively affect our liquidity in the future. The amount, nature, and timing of any capital market transactions will depend on our operating performance and other circumstances; our then-current commitments and obligations; the amount, nature, and timing of our capital requirements; and overall market conditions. If we are unable to raise funds as and when we need them, we may be forced to curtail our operations.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods reported (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	78,077	$	(20,560)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	7,578	$	(87,894)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(66,981)	$	(43,495)

Operating Activities

Our cash flows from operating activities are primarily influenced by growth in our operations, increases or decreases in collections from our clients and related payments to our suppliers. The timing of cash receipts from clients and payments to suppliers can significantly impact our cash flows from operating activities. Our collection and payment cycles can vary from period to period.

F-14

In fiscal 2022, net cash provided by operating activities of $78.1 million resulted primarily from net loss adjusted for non-cash items of $50.3 million and net cash provided by operating assets and liabilities of $27.8 million. The net favorable change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily related to favorable changes in income taxes of $34.0 million primarily related to a $32.0 million IRS refund related to fiscal 2020, other assets of $26.9 million, and accounts payable and other liabilities of $8.9 million, offset partially by unfavorable changes in accounts receivable of $38.6 million and deferred commissions of $8.0 million. The change in other assets was impacted by fiscal 2021 year-end prepayments of expenses to take advantage of cash tax savings opportunities. The change in accounts payable and other liabilities is primarily due to the payment of annual incentive compensation, and the timing of payments to suppliers. The change in accounts receivable is primarily due to revenue growth and the timing of cash receipts from clients.

In fiscal 2021, net cash used in operating activities of $20.6 million resulted primarily from net earnings adjusted for non-cash items of $51.1 million offset by cash used by operating assets and liabilities of $71.6 million. The net unfavorable change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily related to unfavorable changes in income taxes of $26.2 million, accounts receivable of $24.8 million, and other assets of $18.8 million, partially offset by favorable changes in deferred revenue of $4.9 million. The change in income taxes is primarily due to an increase in the income taxes receivable account for expected refunds related to our fiscal 2021 federal income tax return. The change in accounts receivable is primarily due to revenue growth and the timing of cash receipts from clients. The change in other assets was impacted by fiscal 2021 year-end prepayments of expenses to take advantage of cash tax savings opportunities.

Investing Activities

Our primary investing activities have consisted of capital expenditures in support of our expanding headcount as a result of our growth and acquisitions. Capital expenditures may vary from period to period due to the timing of the expansion of our operations, the addition of new headcount, new facilities and acquisitions.

In fiscal 2022, net cash provided by investing activities of $7.6 million consisted of a $31.2 million distribution received from a retained profits interest in a previous disposition, offset partially by net cash paid for the final release of the DataFleets escrow of $8.7 million, the Diablo acquisition of $8.4 million, the acquisition of technology assets from Rakam of $2.0 million, and capital expenditures of $4.5 million.

In fiscal 2021, net cash used in investing activities of $87.9 million consisted of net cash paid in acquisitions of $76.0 million (DataFleets $58.3 million, DPM escrow $14.8 million, Acuity $2.9 million), investments in certificates of deposit of $7.5 million, other strategic investments of $2.2 million, and capital expenditures of $2.2 million.

Financing Activities

Our financing activities have consisted of acquisition of treasury stock, proceeds from our equity compensation plans, and shares repurchased for tax withholdings upon vesting of stock-based awards.

In fiscal 2022, net cash used in financing activities was $67.0 million, consisting of the acquisition of treasury shares pursuant to the board of directors' approved stock repurchase plan of $58.6 million (1.3 million shares), and $14.6 million for shares repurchased for tax withholdings upon vesting of stock-based awards. These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds of $6.3 million from the sale of common stock from our equity compensation plans.

In fiscal 2021, net cash used in financing activities was $43.5 million, consisting of the acquisition of treasury shares pursuant to the board of directors' approved stock repurchase plan of $42.3 million (1.3 million shares), and $9.9 million for shares repurchased for tax withholdings upon vesting of stock-based awards. These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds of $8.7 million from the sale of common stock from our equity compensation plans.

F-15

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Under the modified common stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase up to $1.0 billion of its common stock through the period ending December 31, 2022. During fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $58.6 million under the stock repurchase program. Through March 31, 2022, the Company had repurchased a total of 29.6 million shares of its stock for $732.2 million under the stock repurchase program, leaving remaining capacity of $267.8 million.

Contractual Commitments

The following tables present the Company’s contractual cash obligations and purchase commitments at March 31, 2022.  Operating leases primarily consist of our various office facilities. Purchase commitments primarily include contractual commitments for the purchase of data, hosting services, software-as-a-service arrangements and leasehold improvements. The tables do not include the future payment of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions of $24.4 million as the Company is not able to predict the periods in which the payments will be made.

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		2027		Total
Operating leases	$	9,308	$	11,079	$	9,700	$	10,260	$	9,231	$	69,188

Future minimum payments as of March 31, 2022 related to restructuring plans as a result of the Company's exit from certain leased office facilities are (dollars in thousands): Fiscal 2023: $2,663; Fiscal 2024: $2,698; Fiscal 2025: $2,698; and Fiscal 2026: $1,799.

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Purchase commitments	$	58,495	$	48,201	$	46,514	$	33,150	$	186,360

While the Company does not have any other material contractual commitments for capital expenditures, certain levels of investments in facilities and computer equipment continue to be necessary to support the growth of the business. 

For a description of certain risks that could have an impact on results of operations or financial condition, including liquidity and capital resources, see “Risk Factors” contained in Part I, Item 1A, of this Annual Report.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information on recent accounting pronouncements, see “Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year" and “Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted” under Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements accompanying this report.

F-16

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors

LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.:

Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2022 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

F-17

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over revenue

As discussed in Notes 1 and 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recorded $528.7 million of total revenues for the year ended March 31, 2022, of which $428.6 million was subscription related, and $100.1 million was marketplace and other related.

We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence over revenue as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the nature and extent of audit evidence obtained for new revenue contracts or amendments of existing contracts required subjective auditor judgment because of the non-standard nature of the Company’s revenue contracts.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over new or amended revenue contracts. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s revenue recognition process, including controls over the Company’s assessment of the revenue recognition requirements for new or amended revenue contracts. We tested certain new or amended contracts by reading the underlying contracts and evaluating the Company’s assessment of the revenue recognition requirements. We obtained external confirmation directly from certain of the Company’s customers and compared the terms and conditions relevant to the Company’s revenue recognition to the Company’s contracts with those customers. We assessed the recorded revenue by selecting a sample of transactions and comparing the amounts recognized for consistency with underlying documentation, including contracts with customers. In addition, we evaluated the overall sufficiency of audit evidence obtained over revenue by assessing the results of procedures performed.

KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2003.

Dallas, Texas

May 24, 2022

F-18

Item 1. Financial Statements

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands)

	March 31,		March 31,
	2022		2021
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	600,162	$	572,787
Restricted cash	—		8,900
Trade accounts receivable, net	148,343		114,284
Refundable income taxes	30,354		65,692
Other current assets	36,975		64,052
Total current assets	815,834		825,715
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	11,531		11,957
Intangible assets, net	26,718		39,730
Goodwill	363,845		357,446
Deferred commissions, net	30,594		22,619
Other assets, net	85,214		30,854
	$	1,333,736	$	1,288,321
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	$	83,197	$	39,955
Accrued payroll and related expenses	39,188		46,438
Other accrued expenses	46,067		58,353
Acquisition escrow payable	—		8,900
Deferred revenue	16,114		11,603
Total current liabilities	184,566		165,249
Other liabilities	86,110		42,389
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value (authorized 1 million shares; issued 0 shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	—		—
Common stock, $0.10 par value (authorized 200 million shares; issued 149.8 million and 147.8 million shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	14,984		14,781
Additional paid-in capital	1,721,118		1,630,072
Retained earnings	1,420,993		1,454,826
Accumulated other comprehensive income	5,730		7,522
Treasury stock, at cost (81.2 million and 79.6 million shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	(2,099,765)		(2,026,518)
Total stockholders' equity	1,063,060		1,080,683
	$	1,333,736	$	1,288,321

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-19

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Revenues	$	528,657	$	443,026	380,572
Cost of revenue	147,427		144,004		152,704
Gross profit	381,230		299,022		227,868
Operating expenses:
Research and development	157,935		135,111		105,981
Sales and marketing	182,763		177,543		188,905
General and administrative	104,591		104,201		108,903
Gains, losses and other items, net	1,479		2,715		5,001
Total operating expenses	446,768		419,570		408,790
Loss from operations	(65,538)		(120,548)		(180,922)
Total other income (expense), net	30,463		(252)		15,385
Loss before income taxes	(35,075)		(120,800)		(165,537)
Income tax benefit	(1,242)		(30,532)		(40,276)
Net loss from continuing operations	(33,833)		(90,268)		(125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		750
Net loss	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(124,511)
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Basic loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-20

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Dollars in thousands)

 

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Net loss	(33,833)	(90,268)	(124,511)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,792)	1,777	(2,056)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(35,625)	(88,491)	(126,567)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-21

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands)
								Accumulated
	Common Stock			Additional				other		Treasury Stock
	Number			paid-in		Retained		comprehensive		Number			Total
	of shares	Amount		Capital		earnings		income (loss)		of shares	Amount		Equity
Balances at March 31, 2019	141,865,888	$	14,187	$	1,406,813	$	1,669,605	$	7,801	(73,167,892)	$	(1,767,574)	$	1,330,832
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	266,011	27		4,709		—		—		(537,694)	(24,522)		(19,786)
Non-cash stock-based compensation	71,211	7		65,212		—		—		—	—		65,219
Restricted stock units vested	1,342,337	134		(134)		—		—		—	—		—
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	393,306	39		17,665		—		—		—	—		17,704
Acquisition-related replacement stock options	—	—		2,300		—		—		—	—		2,300
Acquisition of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—		(4,375,728)	(182,190)		(182,190)
Comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		(2,056)		—	—		(2,056)
Net loss	—	—		—		(124,511)		—		—	—		(124,511)
Balances at March 31, 2020	143,938,753	$	14,394	$	1,496,565	$	1,545,094	$	5,745	(78,081,314)	$	(1,974,286)	$	1,087,512
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	583,476	58		8,680		—		—		(182,730)	(9,920)		(1,182)
Non-cash stock-based compensation	21,736	2		84,394		—		—		—	—		84,396
Restricted stock units vested	2,186,763	219		(219)		—		—		—	—		—
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	1,084,237	108		40,652		—		—		—	—		40,760
Acquisition of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—		(1,321,666)	(42,312)		(42,312)
Comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		1,777		—	—		1,777
Net loss	—	—		—		(90,268)		—		—	—		(90,268)
Balances at March 31, 2021	147,814,965	$	14,781	$	1,630,072	$	1,454,826	$	7,522	(79,585,710)	$	(2,026,518)	$	1,080,683

F-22

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
								Accumulated
	Common Stock			Additional				other		Treasury Stock
	Number			paid-in		Retained		comprehensive		Number			Total
	of shares	Amount		Capital		earnings		income (loss)		of shares	Amount		Equity
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	254,069	26		6,240		—		—		(290,675)	(14,626)		(8,360)
Non-cash stock-based compensation	52,459	5		71,175		—		—		—	—		71,180
Restricted stock units vested	1,131,489	113		(113)		—		—		—	—		—
Acquisition-related restricted stock award	40,600	4		(4)		—		—		—	—		—
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	547,343	55		13,748		—		—		—	—		13,803
Acquisition of treasury stock	—	—		—		—		—		(1,329,211)	(58,621)		(58,621)
Comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation	—	—		—		—		(1,792)		—	—		(1,792)
Net loss	—	—		—		(33,833)		—		—	—		(33,833)
Balances at March 31, 2022	149,840,925	$	14,984	$	1,721,118	$	1,420,993	$	5,730	(81,205,596)	$	(2,099,765)	$	1,063,060

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-23

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(124,511)
Earnings from discontinued operations	—		—		(750)
Non-cash operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	24,248		27,741		35,901
Loss on disposal or impairment of assets	183		388		1,725
Gain on distribution from retained profits interest	(30,235)		—		—
Provision for doubtful accounts	4,217		2,915		7,133
Deferred income taxes	(1,540)		(1,418)		(6,878)
Non-cash stock compensation expense	87,257		111,707		89,447
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	(38,611)		(24,828)		(20,518)
Deferred commissions	(7,975)		(6,605)		(5,273)
Other assets	26,863		(18,772)		(6,144)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	8,850		(116)		24,923
Income taxes, net	33,969		(26,215)		(25,453)
Deferred revenue	4,684		4,911		1,823
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	78,077		(20,560)		(28,575)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(4,499)		(2,182)		(11,711)
Proceeds from sales of assets	—		—		873
Cash paid in acquisitions, net of cash received	(19,107)		(76,012)		(105,365)
Distribution from retained profits interest	31,184		—		—
Purchases of investments	—		(7,500)		—
Purchases of strategic investments	—		(2,200)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	7,578		(87,894)		(116,203)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds related to the issuance of common stock under stock and employee benefit plans	6,266		8,737		4,736
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings upon vesting of stock-based awards	(14,626)		(9,920)		(24,522)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(58,621)		(42,312)		(182,190)
Net cash used in financing activities	(66,981)		(43,495)		(201,976)
Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations	18,674		(151,949)		(346,754)

F-24

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, Continued
(Dollars in thousands)
	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
From operating activities	—		—		(207)
From investing activities	—		—		18,582
Net cash provided by discontinued operations	—		—		18,375
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(199)		1,010		(468)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	18,475		(150,939)		(328,847)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	581,687		732,626		1,061,473
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	600,162	$	581,687	$	732,626
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash (received) for income taxes, net	$	(32,916)	$	(2,911)	$	(7,344)
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	56,182		372		2,707

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-25

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.    ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

Description of Business -

LiveRamp is a global technology company with a vision of making it safe and easy for companies to use data effectively. We provide a best-in-class enterprise data connectivity platform that helps organizations better leverage customer data within and outside their four walls. Powered by core identity capabilities and an extensive network, LiveRamp enables companies and their partners to better connect, control, and activate data to transform customer experiences and generate more valuable business outcomes.

LiveRamp is a Delaware corporation headquartered in San Francisco, California. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAMP.” We serve a global client base from locations in the United States, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) region. Our direct client list includes many of the world’s largest and best-known brands across most major industry verticals, including but not limited to financial, insurance and investment services, retail, automotive, telecommunications, high tech, consumer packaged goods, healthcare, travel, entertainment, non-profit, and government. Through our extensive reseller and partnership network, we serve thousands of additional companies, establishing LiveRamp as a foundational and neutral enabler of the customer experience economy.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation -

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. We have prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification and Updates (“ASC” and "ASU") and we consider the various staff accounting bulletins and other applicable guidance issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Our fiscal year ends on March 31. References to fiscal 2022, for example, are to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates -

In preparing consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, we must make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used in determining, among other items, revenue recognition criteria, allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, restructuring and impairment accruals, litigation and facilities lease loss accruals, stock-based compensation, and the recognition and measurement of current and deferred income taxes, including the measurement of uncertain tax positions.

Risks and Uncertainties -

Due to the COVID-19 Coronavirus pandemic ("COVID-19" or "COVID-19 pandemic"), there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. We are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to our estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of March 31, 2022. While there was not a material impact to our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, these estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, as well as other factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic that could result in material impacts to our consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.

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Operating Segments -

The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). Our Chief Executive Officer is our CODM. Our CODM evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. Since we operate as one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Discontinued Operations -

Discontinued operations comprise those activities that have been disposed of during the period or that have been classified as held for sale at the end of the period and represent a separate major line of business or geographical area that can be clearly distinguished for operational and financial reporting purposes. In fiscal 2019, the Company sold its Acxiom Marketing Solutions business (“AMS”) and began reporting the results of operations, cash flows and the balance sheet amounts pertaining to AMS as a component of discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements. The amount recorded in fiscal 2020 relates to the final working capital true-up and receipt of final proceeds.

Unless otherwise indicated, information in the notes to the consolidated financial statements relates to continuing operations.

Loss per Share -

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of basic and diluted loss per share is shown below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		750
Net loss	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(124,511)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Basic loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Dilutive effect of common stock options and restricted stock as computed under the treasury stock method (1)	—		—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)

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(1) The number of common stock options and restricted stock units as computed under the treasury stock method that would have otherwise been dilutive but are excluded from the table above because their effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the net loss position of the Company was 1.3 million, 2.7 million, and 2.4 million for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Restricted stock units that were outstanding during the years presented but were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive (other than due to the net loss position of the Company) are shown below (shares in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Number of shares underlying restricted stock units	686	90	1,368

Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents -

The Company considers all highly-liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in bank deposit accounts and short-term, highly-liquid money-market fund investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Revenue Recognition -

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our LiveRamp platform; and (ii) marketplace and other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from access to data through our LiveRamp Data Marketplace, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied.

Identification of the contract

We consider the terms and conditions of the contract and our customary business practices when identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract or contract modification is approved and the parties are committed to performing their respective obligations, we can identify each party's rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the contract has commercial substance, and we have determined that collection of at least some of the contract consideration is probable. At contract inception we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the single or combined contract includes one or multiple performance obligations. We apply judgment in determining the customer's ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer's historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

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Identification of the performance obligations

As part of accounting for arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we must assess whether each performance obligation is distinct. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have determined that our subscriptions to the platform are a distinct performance obligation and access to data for revenue-sharing and usage-based arrangements is a distinct performance obligation because, once a customer has access to the platform, the service is fully functional and does not require any additional development, modification, or customization.

Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies. Variable consideration is assessed and included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component.

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on the standalone selling price ("SSP") of each service. We generally determine the SSP based on contractual selling prices when the obligation is sold on a standalone basis, as well as market conditions, competition, and pricing practices. As pricing and marketing strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which could result in changes to SSP.

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied

Revenues are recognized when or as control of the promised services is transferred to customers. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the services are made available to customers. Marketplace and other revenue is typically transactional in nature, tied to a revenue share or volumes purchased. We report revenue from Data Marketplace and other similar transactions on a net basis because our performance obligation is to facilitate a transaction between data providers and data buyers, for which we earn a portion of the gross fee. Consequently, the portion of the gross amount billed to data buyers that is remitted to data providers is not reflected as revenues.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable includes amounts billed to customers as well as unbilled amounts recognized in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies. Unbilled amounts included in trade accounts receivable, net, which generally arise from the performance of services to customers in advance of billings, were $12.5 million at March 31, 2022, and $8.0 million at March 31, 2021.

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowances for credit losses, returns and credits based on the probability of future collections. The probability of future collections is based on specific considerations of historical loss patterns and an assessment of the continuation of such patterns based on past collection trends and known or anticipated future economic events that may impair collectability. Accounts receivable that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include past due status greater than 360 days or bankruptcy of the debtor.

We are monitoring the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and various counterparties and have considered these risks in establishing our reserve balance as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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A summary of the activity of the allowance for credit losses, returns and credits was (dollars in thousands):

For the twelve months ended:	Balance at beginning of period		Additions charged to costs and expenses	Other changes	Bad debts written off, net of amounts recovered	Balance at end of period
March 31, 2020	$	3,007	7,133	86	(2,651)	$	7,575
March 31, 2021	$	7,575	2,915	108	(2,981)	$	7,617
March 31, 2022	$	7,617	4,217	(3)	(1,870)	$	9,961

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized. Deferred revenues are subsequently recorded as revenue when earned in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies.

Deferred Commissions, net -

The Company capitalizes incremental costs to acquire contracts and amortizes them on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, which we have determined to be four years. Net capitalized costs of $8.0 million and $6.6 million were recognized as a reduction of operating expense for the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We did not recognize any impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021, or 2020.

Property and Equipment -

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: leasehold improvements, 5 - 7 years; data processing equipment, 2 - 5 years, and office furniture and other equipment, 3 - 7 years.

Operating Leases -

Right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent the Company's right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time, or term, in exchange for consideration, and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the aforementioned right.

The Company determines if an arrangement is, or contains, a lease at inception, and whether lease and non-lease components are combined or not. Operating leases with a duration of one year or less are excluded from ROU assets and lease liabilities and related expense is recorded as incurred. ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, which includes the minimum unconditional term of the lease, and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain at the commencement date that such options will be exercised. As the rate implicit for each of the Company's leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses judgment in determining its incremental borrowing rate, which includes selecting a yield curve based on a hypothetical credit rating. ROU assets also include any initial direct costs and any lease payments made prior to the lease commencement date and are reduced by any lease incentives received. ROU assets are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Short-term lease liabilities are included in other accrued expenses and long-term lease liabilities are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis as operating lease cost in the consolidated statements of operations.

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Business Combinations –

We apply the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for acquisitions. ASC 805 requires us to determine if assets or a business was acquired. If a business was acquired, it requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments resulting from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date and falls within the measurement period to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill -

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business acquisitions accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and is not amortized. Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis in the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such events and changes may include significant changes in performance related to expected operating results, significant changes in asset use, significant changes in asset use, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in our business strategy.

Our test for goodwill impairment starts with a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If qualitative factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed. For the purposes of impairment testing, we have determined that we have three reporting units. We completed our annual impairment test during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and assessed whether there were any triggering events quarterly. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Intangible Assets -

We amortize intangible assets with finite lives over their estimated useful lives and review them for impairment whenever an impairment indicator exists. We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, including our intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. We did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

During fiscal 2022, our intangible assets were amortized over their estimated useful lives ranging from two years to six years. Amortization is based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset will be consumed or on a straight-line basis when the consumption pattern is not apparent. The weighted average useful lives of our intangible assets were as follows:

	Weighted Average Useful Life (years)
Developed technology	4.1
Customer relationships	5.3
Publisher and Data Supply relationships	5.2

F-31

Impairment of Long-lived Assets -

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company considers factors such as operating losses, declining outlooks, and business conditions when evaluating the necessity for an impairment analysis. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If such assets are impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

We did not recognize any impairment charges related to long-lived assets in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments -

We apply the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, to our assets and liabilities that we are required to measure at fair value pursuant to other accounting standards. The additional disclosure regarding our fair value measurements is included in Note 18 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers -

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable.

The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions more than federally insured limits. Management, however, believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risk such as foreign exchange contracts, options contracts, or other hedging arrangements.

The Company’s trade accounts receivables are from a large number of customers. Accordingly, the Company’s credit risk is affected by general economic conditions.

At March 31, 2022, there were no customers that represented more than 10% of the trade accounts receivable balance. Our ten largest clients represented approximately 28% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. One client, The Interpublic Group of Companies, accounted for 11% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022.

Income Taxes -

The Company and its domestic subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries file separate income tax returns in the countries in which their operations are based.

The Company makes estimates and judgments in determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. The Company assesses the likelihood that it will be able to recover its deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the Company increases the provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not ultimately be recoverable.

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The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the Company determines that a tax position will more likely than not be sustained on audit, the second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various outcomes.

The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors such as changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues. Determining whether an uncertain tax position is effectively settled requires judgment. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

Foreign Currency -

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our foreign operations generally is the applicable local currency for each foreign subsidiary. The balance sheets of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at period-end rates of exchange, and the statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of equity and comprehensive income (loss). We reflect net foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, resulting from the conversion of the transaction currency to functional currency, as a component of foreign currency exchange gain (loss) in total other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Advertising Expense -

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was approximately $10.5 million, $7.0 million, and $9.8 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising expense is included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Legal Contingencies -

We are currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Quarterly, we review the status of each significant matter and assess our potential financial exposure. We accrue a liability for an estimated loss if the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies provides additional information regarding certain of our legal contingencies.

Stock-Based Compensation -

The Company records stock-based compensation expense according to the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC Topic 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the service period of the award based on their fair values. Under the provisions of ASC Topic 718, the Company determines the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing stock-based payments and the amortization method for compensation cost.

The Company has stock option plans and equity compensation plans (collectively referred to as the “stock-based plans”) administered by the compensation committee of the board of directors (“compensation committee”) under which options and restricted stock units were outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

The Company’s equity compensation plan provides that all employees (employees, officers, directors, affiliates, independent contractors or consultants) are eligible to receive awards (grant of any option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award, performance award, performance share, performance unit, qualified performance-based award, or other stock unit award) under the plan with the terms and conditions applicable to an award set forth in applicable grant documents.

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Incentive stock option awards granted under the stock-based plans cannot be granted with an exercise price less than 100% of the per-share market value of the Company’s shares at the date of grant and have a maximum duration of ten years from the date of grant. Board policy currently requires that non-qualified options also must be priced at or above 100% of the fair market value of the common stock at the time of grant with a maximum duration of ten years.

Restricted stock units may be issued under the equity compensation plan and represent the right to receive shares in the future by way of an award agreement that includes vesting provisions. Award agreements can further provide for forfeitures triggered by certain prohibited activities, such as breach of confidentiality. All restricted stock units are expensed over the vesting period and adjusted for forfeitures as incurred. The vesting of some restricted stock units is subject to the Company’s achievement of certain performance criteria, as well as the individual remaining employed by the Company for a period of years.

The Company receives income tax deductions because of the exercise of non-qualified stock options and the vesting of other stock-based awards. To the extent the income tax deductions differ from the corresponding stock-based compensation expense, such excess tax benefits and deficiencies are included as a component of income tax expense and reflected as an operating cash flow included in changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Restructuring –

The Company records costs associated with employee terminations and other exit activity in accordance with ASC 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations, depending on whether the costs relate to exit or disposal activities under the accounting standards, or whether they are other post-employment termination benefits. Under applicable accounting standards for exit or disposal costs, the Company records employee termination benefits as an operating expense when the benefit arrangement is communicated to the employee and no significant future services are required. Under the accounting standards related to post employment termination benefits, the Company records employee termination benefits when the termination benefits are probable and can be estimated. The Company recognizes the present value of facility lease termination obligations, net of estimated sublease income and other exit costs, when the Company has future payments with no future economic benefit or a commitment to pay the termination costs of a prior commitment. In future periods the Company will record accretion expense to increase the liability to an amount equal to the estimated future cash payments necessary to exit the leases. This requires judgment and management estimation to determine the expected time frame for securing a subtenant, the amount of sublease income to be received and the appropriate discount rate to calculate the present value of the future cash flows. Should actual lease exit costs differ from estimates, the Company may be required to adjust the restructuring charge within gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statement of operations in the period any adjustment is recorded. 

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12")	ASU 2019-12 simplified the accounting for income taxes, eliminated certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amended existing guidance to improve consistent application.	April 1, 2021	The effect of prospectively adopting ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures was not material.

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Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
There are no material accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company not yet adopted

2.    REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS:

Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary geographical market and major service offerings (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended March 31,
Primary Geographical Markets	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
Asia-Pacific ("APAC")	6,519		4,535		5,346
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572
Major Offerings/Services
Subscription	$	428,617	$	356,597	$	305,679
Marketplace and Other	100,040		86,429		74,893
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

We have performance obligations associated with fixed commitments in customer contracts for future services that have not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. The amount of fixed revenue not yet recognized was $394.2 million as of March 31, 2022, of which $308.5 million will be recognized over the next twelve months. The Company expects to recognize revenue on substantially all of these remaining performance obligations by March 31, 2026.

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3.    LEASES:

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities balances consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021
Right-of-use assets included in other assets, net	$	59,459		$	11,731
Short-term lease liabilities included in other accrued expenses	$	8,984		$	9,608
Long-term lease liabilities included in other liabilities	$	52,241		$	4,158
Supplemental balance sheet information:
Weighted average remaining lease term	6.4 years			1.8 years
Weighted average discount rate	3.6		%	5.0		%

The Company leases its office facilities under non-cancellable operating leases that expire at various dates through fiscal 2030. Certain leases contain provisions for property-related costs that are variable in nature for which the Company is responsible, including common area maintenance and other property operating services. These costs are calculated based on a variety of factors including property values, tax and utility rates, property service fees, and other factors. Operating lease costs were $11.6 million, $11.6 million and $10.1 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

During fiscal 2022, the Company negotiated lease extensions at five of its leased office space locations and new leases for two other office locations. The lease period extensions ranged from 2 to 8 years and included the lease extension of the Company's primary corporate headquarters in San Francisco, California by 7 years. As a result, approximately $56.2 million of new right-of-use assets and lease liabilities were recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and as supplemental information to the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Future minimum payments under all operating leases (including operating leases with a duration of one year or less) as of March 31, 2022 are as follows (dollars in thousands):  

	Amount
Fiscal 2023	$	9,308
Fiscal 2024	11,079
Fiscal 2025	9,700
Fiscal 2026	10,260
Fiscal 2027	9,231
Thereafter	19,610
Total undiscounted lease commitments	69,188
Less: Interest and short-term leases	7,963
Total discounted operating lease liabilities	$	61,225

Future minimum payments as of March 31, 2022 related to restructuring plans as a result of the Company's exit from certain leased office facilities (see Note 4) are as follows (dollars in thousands): Fiscal 2023: $2,663; Fiscal 2024: $2,698; Fiscal 2025: $2,698; and Fiscal 2026: $1,799.

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4.    RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES:

Restructuring activities result in various costs, including asset write-offs, exit charges including severance, contract termination fees, and decommissioning and other costs. Any impairment of the asset is recognized immediately in the period the plan is approved.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring liabilities is shown below for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. The restructuring charges and adjustments are included in gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statement of operations. The reserve balances are included in other accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands).

	Employee-related reserves		Lease accruals		Total
Balances at March 31, 2019	4,595		5,688		10,283
Restructuring charges and adjustments	2,291		1,139		3,430
Payments	(6,436)		(584)		(7,020)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	450	$	6,243	$	6,693
Restructuring charges and adjustments	1,663		62		1,725
Payments	(1,288)		(2,387)		(3,675)
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	825	$	3,918	$	4,743
Restructuring charges and adjustments	—		(19)		(19)
Payments	(778)		(872)		(1,650)
Balances at March 31, 2022	$	47	$	3,027	$	3,074

Employee-related Restructuring Plans

In fiscal 2021, the Company recorded a total of $1.7 million in employee-related restructuring charges and adjustments. The expense included severance and other employee-related charges in the United States and Europe. Of the associate-related charges of $1.7 million, $0.1 million remained accrued as of March 31, 2022 and are expected to be paid out during fiscal 2023.

In fiscal 2020, the Company recorded a total of $2.3 million in associate-related restructuring charges and adjustments. The expense included severance and other associate-related charges in APAC of $0.6 million and adjustments to fiscal 2019 associate-related restructuring plans for associates in the United States of $1.7 million, all of which were paid out in fiscal 2020. The fiscal 2020 associate-related accruals of $0.6 million had a remaining balance of $0.2 million at March 31, 2020. This amount was paid out in fiscal 2021.

Lease-related Restructuring Plans

In fiscal 2017, the Company made the strategic decision to exit and sub-lease a certain leased office facility under a staggered-exit plan. The full exit was completed in fiscal 2019. We intend to continue subleasing the facility to the extent possible. The liability will be satisfied over the remainder of the leased property's term, which continues through November 2025. Any future changes in the estimates or in the actual sublease income may require future adjustments to the liabilities, which would impact net earnings (loss) in the period the adjustment is recorded. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recorded a total of $7.3 million of restructuring charges and adjustments related to this lease. Of the amount accrued for this facility lease, $3.0 million remained accrued at March 31, 2022.

In addition to the fiscal 2017 restructured lease discussed above, the Company recorded a $1.0 million settlement in fiscal 2021 for an office space lease cancellation that was paid during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

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Gains, Losses and Other Items, net

The following table summarizes the activity included in gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statements of operations for each of the years presented (dollars in thousands): 

	Twelve Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Restructuring plan charges and adjustments	$	(19)	$	1,725	$	3,430
Early contract terminations	1,042		—		908
Other	456		990		663
	$	1,479	$	2,715	$	5,001

5.    ACQUISITIONS:

Rakam

On December 13, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of certain technology assets owned by Rakam, Inc. ("Rakam") for approximately $2.2 million in cash (including a holdback amount of $0.2 million included in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet - see Note 11). The technology asset is a cloud-agnostic customer data analytics platform that is deployed direct in the client's data warehouse. The purchased technology will be embedded into the Company's platform, enabling us to provide a single, unified segmentation solution and enable our clients to generate real-time insights and create custom audiences wherever their data resides.

The Company concluded the acquired assets did not meet the definition of a business under ASU 2017-01, "Clarifying the Definition of a Business" and therefore has accounted for the acquisition as an asset acquisition. The purchased asset was recorded as a $2.2 million developed technology intangible asset included in other assets, net in the consolidated balance sheet and will be amortized over a period of three years based on its estimated useful life.

In connection with acquisition, the Company extended employment agreements and granted $2.6 million of restricted stock units to two key Rakam employees that will be recorded as non-cash stock compensation (see Note 14). The restricted stock units will vest over four years and are not considered part of the asset purchase price as they require future service and continued employment by those individuals to vest.

Diablo

On April 21, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Diablo.ai, Inc. ("Diablo"), a first-party data resolution platform and graph builder, for approximately $9.7 million in cash (including a holdback amount of $1.2 million included in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet - see Note 11). The acquisition also included $1.9 million of assumed restricted stock awards that will be recorded as non-cash stock compensation over a period of three years (see Note 14). Diablo's technology will be embedded into our unified platform and will play an integral role in our global identity capability. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material. The results of operations for this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated results beginning April 21, 2021.

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The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	April 21, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	131
Goodwill	7,012
Intangible assets	3,500
Total assets acquired	10,643
Deferred income taxes	(710)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(65)
Net assets acquired	9,868
Less:
Cash acquired	(131)
Net purchase price allocated	9,737
Less:
Cash held back	(1,200)
Net cash paid in acquisition	8,537

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to the development of future technology and products. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes. The amount allocated to intangible assets in the table is developed technology with a useful life of three years. The Company initially recognized the assets and liabilities acquired based on its preliminary estimates of their fair values as of the acquisition date. As additional information becomes known concerning the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, management may make adjustments to the opening balance sheet of the acquired company up to the end of the measurement period, which is not longer than a one-year period following the acquisition date. The determination of the fair values of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed (and the related determination of the estimated lives of depreciable tangible and identifiable intangible assets) requires significant judgment. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has not completed its analysis of deferred income taxes. The fair value currently assigned to deferred income taxes was based on the information that was available as of the date of the acquisition. The Company expects to finalize the deferred income taxes in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

DataFleets

On February 17, 2021, the Company acquired DataFleets, Ltd. ("DataFleets"), a cloud data platform that enables data silos to be unified without moving data or compromising privacy. This acquisition expands LiveRamp's data protection capabilities to unlock greater data access and control for its customers. In addition, the deal opens up new use cases as well as new markets for distributed data collaboration through the Safe Haven platform. The Company has included the financial results of DataFleets in the consolidated financial statements as of February 17, 2021. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DataFleets was approximately $67.2 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $2.1 million cash acquired	58,264
Restricted cash held in escrow	8,900
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	67,164

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On the acquisition date, the Company delivered $8.9 million of cash to an escrow agent according to the terms of the purchase agreement. The principal escrow was owned by the Company until the funds were delivered to the DataFleets sellers in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. All interest and earnings on the principal escrow amount remained the property of the Company.

The total fair value of replacement stock options issued was $2.9 million for future services and will be expensed over the future requisite service periods.

In connection with the DataFleets acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $18.1 million to certain key employees (see Note 14). The consideration holdback is payable in three equal, annual increments, based on the anniversary dates of the acquisition, and is payable in shares of Company common stock. The number of shares to be issued annually will vary based on the market price of the shares on the date of issuance. The consideration holdback is not part of the purchase price, as vesting is dependent on continued employment of the key employees. It will be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense over the three-year earning period.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	February 17, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	2,099
Goodwill	56,436
Intangible assets	11,400
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,119
Total assets acquired	71,054
Deferred income taxes	(1,716)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(75)
Net assets acquired	69,263
Less:
Cash acquired	(2,099)
Net purchase price allocated	67,164
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(8,900)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	58,264

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to expectations to the development of future technology. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.

The amounts allocated to intangible assets in the table above included developed technology, and customer relationships/trade name. Intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(in years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Customer relationships/trade names	400		2
Total intangible assets	$	11,400

The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition date as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material.

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Acuity Data

On July 16, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of Acuity Data ("Acuity"), a team of global retail and consumer packaged goods ("CPG") experts, for approximately $2.9 million in cash. The acquisition also included a three-year performance plan having a maximum potential attainment of $5.1 million that would be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense if achieved. The acquisition strengthens the retail analytics capabilities of our Safe Haven platform by enabling better reporting, insights, and collaboration for retailers and CPG companies, bridging the gap between trade and media by bringing consumers' digital signals and retail transaction data together in a privacy-conscious manner.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 16, 2020
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	184
Trade accounts receivable	156
Goodwill	2,011
Intangible assets	1,100
Other current and noncurrent assets	43
Total assets acquired	3,494
Deferred income taxes	(288)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(89)
Net assets acquired	3,117
Less:
Cash acquired	(184)
Net cash paid	$	2,933

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to the development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the Acuity assembled workforce. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material.

Data Plus Math

On July 2, 2019, the Company closed its acquisition of Data Plus Math Corporation ("DPM"), a media measurement company that works with brands, agencies, cable operators, streaming TV services and networks to tie cross-screen ad exposure with real-world outcomes. The Company has included the financial results of DPM in the consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DPM was approximately $118.0 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $0.4 million cash acquired	$	100,886
Restricted cash held in escrow	14,815
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	2,300
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	118,001

On the acquisition date, the Company delivered $14.8 million of cash to an escrow agent according to the terms of the purchase agreement. The principal escrow amount was owned by the Company until funds were delivered to the DPM sellers in the second quarter of fiscal 2021. All interest and earnings on the principal escrow amount remained the property of the Company.

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The total fair value of the replacement stock options issued was $7.4 million of which $2.3 million was allocated to the purchase consideration and $5.1 million was allocated to future services and will be expensed over the future requisite service periods (see Note 14).

In connection with the DPM acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $24.7 million to certain key employees (see Note 14). The consideration holdback is payable in three equal, annual increments, based on the anniversary dates of the acquisition, and is payable in shares of Company common stock. The number of shares to be issued annually will vary depending on the market price of the shares on the date of issuance. The consideration holdback is not part of the purchase price, as vesting is dependent on continued employment of the key employees. It will be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense over the three-year earning period.

The following table summarizes the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	438
Trade accounts receivable	957
Goodwill	90,619
Intangible assets	34,000
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,186
Total assets acquired	127,200
Deferred income taxes	(6,034)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,727)
Net assets acquired	118,439
Less:
Cash acquired	(438)
Net purchase price allocated	118,001
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(14,815)
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	(2,300)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	100,886

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to expectations to development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the DPM's assembled workforce. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.

The amounts allocated to intangible assets in the table above included developed technology, data supply relationships, customer relationships, and trademarks. Intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(In years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Data supply relationships	16,000		4
Customer relationships	6,000		4
Trademarks	1,000		2
Total intangible assets	$	34,000

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The Company has omitted disclosures of revenue and net loss of the acquired company from the acquisition date as the amounts are not material.

Faktor

On April 2, 2019, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Faktor B.V. ("Faktor"). Faktor is a global consent management platform that allows consumers to control how their data is collected, used, and transferred for usage to another party. Faktor's platform provides individuals with notice and choice on websites and mobile apps and allows them to opt-in or opt-out via a visible banner on the page. The Company paid approximately $4.5 million in cash for the acquired shares. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material. The results of operations for the acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated results beginning April 2, 2019.

The following table presents the purchase price allocation related to assets acquired and liabilities assumed (dollars in thousands):

	April 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	35
Trade accounts receivable	63
Goodwill	3,110
Intangible assets	1,700
Other current and noncurrent assets	126
Total assets acquired	5,034
Deferred income taxes	(194)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(326)
Net assets acquired	4,514
Less:
Cash acquired	(35)
Net cash paid	$	4,479

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the Faktor assembled workforce.

6.    DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

Acxiom Marketing Solutions ("AMS") business

During fiscal 2019, the Company completed the sale of its AMS business to The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (“IPG”) for $2.3 billion in cash. The business qualified for treatment as discontinued operations during fiscal 2019. At the closing of the transaction, the Company received total consideration of $2.3 billion ($2.3 billion stated sales price less closing adjustments, transaction costs and other items of $49.0 million). Additionally, the Company applied $230.5 million of proceeds from the sale to repay outstanding Company debt and related interest. The Company reported a gain of $1.7 billion on the sale, which was included in earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax.

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Summary results of operations for AMS for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 are segregated and included in earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the consolidated statements of operations. The following is a reconciliation of the major classes of line items constituting earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31, 2020
Operating expenses:
Gains, losses and other items, net	$	(957)
Total operating expenses	(957)
Earnings from discontinued operations before income taxes	957
Income taxes	207
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	750

7.    OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS:

Other current assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Prepaid expenses and other	$	13,947	$	31,659
Share receivable for cash settlement of withheld income tax withholdings on equity award	—		9,055
Certificates of deposit	7,500		7,500
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528		15,838
Other current assets	$	36,975	$	64,052

Other noncurrent assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Long-term prepaid revenue share	$	13,468	$	8,127
Right-of-use assets (see Note 4)	59,459		11,731
Deferred tax asset	1,224		663
Deposits	4,486		2,745
Strategic investments	5,700		5,700
Other miscellaneous noncurrent assets	877		1,888
Other assets, net	$	85,214	$	30,854

In conjunction with the July 2015 disposition of our former IT outsourcing business, we retained a profits interest previously recognized at $0.7 million within miscellaneous noncurrent assets at March 31, 2021. In the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a $30.5 million gain included in total other income in the consolidated statement of operations related to a $31.2 million cash distribution received from the settlement of this retained profits interest.

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8.    PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

Property and equipment is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Leasehold improvements	$	28,224	$	26,024
Data processing equipment	7,001		9,053
Office furniture and other equipment	9,776		9,207
	45,001		44,284
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	33,470		32,327
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	$	11,531	$	11,957

Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $5.4 million, $8.9 million and $15.3 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Depreciation expense in fiscal 2020 included $3.6 million of accelerated depreciation expense associated with the reduced useful life of certain IT equipment in connection with the Company's migration to a cloud-based data center solution.

9.    GOODWILL:

Changes in goodwill for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Total
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	297,796
Acquisition of Acuity Data	2,011
Acquisition of DataFleets	56,436
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	1,203
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	357,446
Acquisition of Diablo	7,012
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(613)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

Goodwill by geography as of March 31, 2022 was: 

	Total
U.S.	$	360,466
APAC	3,379
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

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10.    INTANGIBLE ASSETS:

The amounts allocated to intangible assets from acquisitions include developed technology, customer relationships, trade names, and publisher and data supply relationships.  The following table shows the amortization activity of intangible assets (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Developed technology, gross	$	84,146	$	78,547
Accumulated amortization	(67,980)		(60,424)
Net developed technology	$	16,166	$	18,123
Customer relationship/Trade name, gross	$	43,490	$	43,506
Accumulated amortization	(40,582)		(37,510)
Net customer/trade name	$	2,908	$	5,996
Publisher/Data supply relationships, gross	$	39,800	$	39,800
Accumulated amortization	(32,156)		(24,189)
Net publisher/data supply relationships	$	7,644	$	15,611
Total intangible assets, gross	$	167,436	$	161,853
Total accumulated amortization	(140,718)		(122,123)
Total intangible assets, net	$	26,718	$	39,730

Total amortization expense related to intangible assets was $18.7 million, $18.0 million, and $19.0 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table presents the estimated future amortization expenses related to intangible assets.

Fiscal Year:
2023	$	16,837
2024	6,860
2025	3,021
	$	26,718

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11.    OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES:

Other accrued expenses consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	15,838
Short-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	8,984		9,608
DPM consideration holdback (see Note 14)	6,092		6,092
Acuity performance earnout liability (see Note 14)	2,420		2,208
DataFleets consideration holdback (see Note 5)	756		755
Diablo consideration holdback (see Note 5)	1,200		—
Rakam consideration holdback (see Note 5)	223		—
Other miscellaneous accrued expenses	10,864		23,852
Other accrued expenses	$	46,067	$	58,353

12.    OTHER LIABILITIES:

Other liabilities consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Uncertain tax positions	$	24,374	$	26,156
Long-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	52,241		4,158
Restructuring accruals	3,619		4,510
Other	5,876		7,565
Other liabilities	$	86,110	$	42,389

13.     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

Legal Matters

The Company is involved in various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Management routinely assesses the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters, as well as ranges of probable losses, to the extent losses are reasonably estimable. The Company records accruals for these matters to the extent that management concludes a loss is probable and the financial impact, should an adverse outcome occur, is reasonably estimable. These accruals are adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertinent to a particular matter. These accruals are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In management’s opinion, the Company has made appropriate and adequate accruals for these matters, and management believes the probability of a material loss beyond the amounts accrued to be remote. However, the ultimate liability for these matters is uncertain, and if accruals are not adequate, an adverse outcome could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. The Company maintains insurance coverage above certain limits.

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Commitments

The following table presents the Company’s purchase commitments at March 31, 2022.  Purchase commitments primarily include contractual commitments for the purchase of data, hosting services, software-as-a-service arrangements and leasehold improvements. The table does not include the future payment of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions of $24.4 million as the Company is not able to predict the periods in which the payments will be made (dollars in thousands):

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Purchase commitments	$	58,495	$	48,201	$	46,514	$	33,150	$	186,360

While the Company does not have any other material contractual commitments for capital expenditures, certain levels of investments in facilities and computer equipment continue to be necessary to support the growth of the business. 

14.    STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:

The Company has authorized 200 million shares of $0.10 par value common stock and 1 million shares of $1.00 par value preferred stock. The board of directors of the Company may designate the relative rights and preferences of the preferred stock when and if issued. Such rights and preferences could include liquidation preferences, redemption rights, voting rights and dividends, and the shares could be issued in multiple series with different rights and preferences. The Company currently has no plans for the issuance of any shares of preferred stock.

On August 29, 2011, the board of directors adopted a common stock repurchase program.  That program was subsequently modified and expanded, most recently on November 3, 2020. On that date, the board of directors extended the term of the existing common stock repurchase program. Under the modified common stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase up to $1.0 billion of its common stock through the period ending December 31, 2022. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $58.6 million under the stock repurchase program. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $42.3 million under the stock repurchase program. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 4.4 million shares of its common stock for $182.2 million under the stock repurchase program. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has repurchased 29.6 million shares of its stock for $732.2 million, leaving remaining capacity of $267.8 million under the stock repurchase program. 

The Company paid no dividends on its common stock for any of the years reported.

Stock-based Compensation Plans

The Company has stock option and equity compensation plans for which a total of 39.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance since the inception of the plans. At March 31, 2022, there were a total of 2.8 million shares available for future grants under the plans.

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Stock-based Compensation Expense

The Company's stock-based compensation activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, by award type, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Stock options	$	1,935	$	2,308	$	3,675
Restricted stock units	56,008		78,164		55,543
Diablo restricted stock awards	794		—		—
Arbor acquisition consideration holdback	—		—		2,553
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	8,122		8,030		6,185
Pacific Data Partners ("PDP") assumed performance plan	9,101		18,388		20,332
Acuity performance plan	1,912		2,208		—
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		755		—
Other stock-based compensation	3,342		1,854		1,159
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	87,257		111,707		89,447
Less expense related to liability-based equity awards	(16,077)		(27,311)		(24,228)
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of equity	$	71,180	$	84,396	$	65,219

The effect of stock-based compensation expense on income, by financial statement line item, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	4,111	$	5,300	$	3,769
Research and development	32,112		38,960		23,260
Sales and marketing	28,586		40,401		38,026
General and administrative	22,448		27,046		24,392
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	$	87,257	$	111,707	$	89,447

In March 2021, the Company accelerated the vesting of certain time-vesting restricted stock units that would have otherwise vested over the following six months to take advantage of significant cash tax savings opportunities. This resulted in the vesting of time-vesting and performance-based restricted stock units covering approximately 0.7 million shares of common stock. The Company recognized $21.4 million of compensation costs related to the accelerated vesting of these units, which is included in loss from operations in the consolidated statement of operations. Of the $21.4 million compensation costs, $8.4 million represented incremental compensation cost due to the modification and $13.0 million represented accelerated original grant date fair value compensation cost.

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The following table provides the expected future expense for all of the Company's outstanding equity awards at March 31, 2022, by award type.

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Stock options	$	1,089	$	720	$	158	$	—	$	1,967
Restricted stock units	71,881		55,301		38,236		11,806		177,224
Diablo restricted stock awards	518		518		89		—		1,125
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	2,031		—		—		—		2,031
Acuity performance plan	815		165		—		—		980
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		5,287		—		—		11,330
Other stock-based compensation	353		—		—		—		353
Expected future expense	$	82,730	$	61,991	$	38,483	$	11,806	$	195,010

Stock Options Activity

In February 2021, in connection with the acquisition of DataFleets, the Company replaced all unvested outstanding stock options held by DataFleets employees immediately prior to the acquisition with options to acquire shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original options. In total, the Company issued 42,154 replacement options at a weighted-average exercise price of $0.70 per share. The acquisition-date fair value of the replacement stock options was $2.9 million and was determined using a binomial lattice model. All of the replacement options require post-combination service. As a result, the $2.9 million acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation cost and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the remaining service period of the replacement options.

In fiscal 2020, in connection with the acquisition of DPM, the Company replaced all outstanding stock options held by DPM employees immediately prior to the acquisition with options to acquire shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original options. In total, the Company issued 162,481 replacement options at a weighted-average exercise price of $1.64 per share. The acquisition-date fair value of the replacement stock options was $7.4 million and was determined using a binomial lattice model. $2.3 million of the acquisition-date fair value of the replacement options was calculated and identified as consideration transferred in the DPM acquisition. The remaining $5.1 million acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation costs and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the remaining service period.

Stock option activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:  

				Weighted average
		Weighted average		remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	exercise price		contractual term	Intrinsic value
	shares	per share		(In years)	(In thousands)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	844,045	$	15.31
Exercised	(110,617)	$	9.35		$	4,338
Forfeited or canceled	(3,424)	$	2.39
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	730,004	$	16.28	2.2	$	15,411
Exercisable at March 31, 2022	699,260	$	16.96	1.9	$	14,289

The aggregate intrinsic value for options exercised in fiscal 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $4.3 million, $23.2 million, and $6.7 million, respectively.  The aggregate intrinsic value at period end represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between LiveRamp’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period and the exercise price for each in-the-money option) that would have been received by the option holders had they exercised their options on March 31, 2022.  This amount changes based upon changes in the fair market value of LiveRamp’s common stock.

F-50

A summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2022 was:

					Options outstanding				Options exercisable
Range of						Weighted average	Weighted average			Weighted average
exercise price					Options	remaining	exercise price		Options	exercise price
per share					outstanding	contractual life	per share		exercisable	per share
$	—	—	$	9.99	81,495	5.6 years	$	0.99	50,751	$	1.06
$	10.00	—	$	19.99	346,807	1.7 years	$	15.50	346,807	$	15.50
$	20.00	—	$	24.99	301,702	1.8 years	$	21.31	301,702	$	21.31
					730,004	2.2 years	$	16.28	699,260	$	16.96

Diablo Restricted Stock Awards

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, in connection with the acquisition of Diablo, the Company replaced the unvested outstanding restricted stock shares held by a Diablo employee immediately prior to the acquisition with restricted shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original restricted stock agreement. The conversion calculation resulted in issuance of 40,600 replacement restricted stock shares having an acquisition-date fair value of $1.9 million. The restricted shares vest subject to post-combination service requirements. As a result, the acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation cost and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the approximate three-year vesting period of the awards.

Changes in the Company's restricted stock for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted average
		fair value per		Weighted average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2021	—	$	—
Diablo replacement restricted stock award	40,600	$	47.29
Vested	(15,834)	$	47.29
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2022	24,766	$	47.29	2.17

The total fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was $0.8 million and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company's common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested.

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Time-vesting restricted stock units ("RSUs") -

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 3,037,440 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $143.4 million. The RSUs granted in the current year primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in the current fiscal year were units related to the Diablo acquisition and the Rakam acquisition (see Note 5). Following the closing of the Diablo acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs, covering 98,442 shares of common stock having a grant date fair value of $4.7 million, to select employees to induce them to accept employment with the Company. In connection with the Rakam acquisition, the Company extended employment agreements and granted new awards of RSUs, covering 55,927 shares of common stock having a grant date fair value of $2.6 million, to two key Rakam employees.

F-51

During fiscal 2021, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 2,228,445 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $99.8 million. The RSUs granted in the current year primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in the current fiscal year were units related to the DataFleets acquisition. Following the closing of the DataFleets acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs covering 193,595 shares of common stock, and having a grant date fair value of $13.5 million, to select employees and contractors to induce them to accept employment with the Company.

During fiscal 2020, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 1,697,506 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $85.6 million. The RSUs granted in fiscal 2020 primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in fiscal 2020 were units related to the DPM acquisition. Following the closing of the DPM acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs covering 155,346 shares of common stock, and having a grant date fair value of $7.3 million, to select employees to induce them to accept employment with the Company.

RSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	2,692,243	$	45.96	2.76
Granted	3,191,809	$	47.22
Vested	(642,656)	$	44.15
Forfeited or canceled	(1,064,714)	$	46.75
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	4,176,682	$	47.00	2.85

The total fair value of RSUs vested during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $30.3 million, $126.9 million, and $59.8 million, respectively, and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company's common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested.

Performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") -

Fiscal 2022 plans:

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted PSUs covering 249,152 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $12.6 million. The grants were made under three separate performance plans.

Under a special incentive performance plan, units covering 36,425 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $1.7 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee of the board of directors ("compensation committee") and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 100% of the award, based on the attainment of key productivity metrics for the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending March 31, 2023 and continuing through the end of the performance period.

Under the total shareholder return ("TSR") performance plan, units covering 63,815 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $3.8 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the TSR of LiveRamp common stock compared to the TSR of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2024.

F-52

Under the operating metrics performance plan, units covering 148,912 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $7.1 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the attainment of trailing twelve-month revenue growth and EBITDA margin targets for the period from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2024. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending June 30, 2022 and continuing through the end of the performance period. To the extent that shares are earned in a given quarter, 50% vest immediately and 50% vest on the one-year anniversary of attainment approval, except that all earned but unvested shares will vest fully at the end of the measurement period.

Fiscal 2021 plans:

During the fiscal 2021, the Company granted PSUs covering 246,524 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $10.7 million. The grants were made under two separate performance plans.

Under the first performance plan, units covering 73,950 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $4.2 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the total shareholder return of LiveRamp common stock compared to total shareholder return of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023. At March 31, 2022, there remains a maximum potential of 119,268 shares, net of forfeitures, eligible to grant under this plan.

Under the second performance plan, units covering 172,574 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $6.5 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the attainment of trailing twelve-month revenue growth and EBITDA margin targets for the period from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending 6/30/2021 and continuing through the end of the performance period.

Through March 31, 2022, performance measurements have resulted in an accumulated 50% achievement, or 71,666 total earned units under this plan. Of the earned amount, 50% vested immediately, while the remaining 50% will vest on the one-year anniversary of attainment approval. As of March 31, 2022, there remains a maximum potential of 208,750 additional shares eligible for grant under the plan. Quarterly measurements of attainment will continue through March 31, 2023.

Fiscal 2020 plans:

During fiscal 2020, the Company granted PSUs covering 202,818 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $12.3 million. The grants were made under two separate performance plans.

Under the first performance plan, units covering 60,844 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $4.4 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee of the board of directors (“compensation committee”) and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the total shareholder return of LiveRamp common stock compared to total shareholder return of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022.

The Company's fiscal 2020 TSR PSU plan reached maturity of the relevant performance period at March 31, 2022. The final performance measurement resulted in 0% attainment. The units available to award under this plan, are expected to be cancelled in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 upon compensation committee approval.

F-53

Under the second performance plan, units covering 141,974 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $7.9 million equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee of the board of directors.

•82,494 units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on attainment of the Company's three-year revenue compound annual growth rate target for the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022. The plan reached maturity of the relevant performance period at March 31, 2022. The final performance measurement resulted in 0% attainment. The units are expected to be cancelled in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 upon compensation committee approval.

•59,480 units vest based on attainment of the year-over-year revenue growth targets for the annual period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the compensation committee approved the final performance attainment of 164% resulting in an additional award of 38,063 units (for a total earned amount of 97,543 units). Of the earned amount, one-third vested immediately, while the remaining two-thirds will vest in equal increments in first quarters of fiscal years 2022 and 2023.

PSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	631,869	$	49.74	1.54
Granted	249,152	$	50.54
Vested	(136,445)	$	45.54
Forfeited or canceled	(160,108)	$	48.98
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	584,468	$	51.26	1.01

The total fair value of PSUs vested in the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $6.7 million and $8.4 million, respectively, and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested. There were no PSU vests in in the twelve months ended 2020.

Acquisition-related Performance Plan

As part of the Company's fiscal 2021 acquisition of Acuity, the Company will be obligated to pay up to an additional $5.1 million, settled in a variable number of shares of Company stock, and subject to certain performance conditions and continued employment of each participant. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated in three annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $4.1 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the Acuity performance earnout plan. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance in other accrued expense in the consolidated balance sheet was $2.4 million. The next annual settlement of $1.7 million is expected to occur in the second quarter of fiscal 2023.

F-54

Acquisition-related Consideration Holdback

As part of the Company's fiscal 2021 acquisition of DataFleets, $18.1 million of the acquisition consideration otherwise payable with respect to shares of DataFleets common stock held by certain key employees was subject to holdback by the Company pursuant to agreements with those employees (each, a "Holdback Agreement"). Each Holdback Agreement specifies that the consideration holdback will vest in three equal annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Vesting is subject to the DataFleets key employees' continued employment through each annual vesting date and will be settled in shares of Company common stock. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $6.8 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the DataFleets consideration holdback. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance related to the DataFleets consideration holdback in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet was $0.8 million. The next annual settlement of $6.0 million is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023.

As part of the Company's fiscal 2020 acquisition of Data Plus Math ("DPM"), $24.4 million of the acquisition consideration otherwise payable with respect to shares of DPM common stock held by certain key employees was subject to holdback by the Company pursuant to agreements with those employees (each, a "Holdback Agreement"). Each Holdback Agreement specifies that the consideration holdback will vest in three equal annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Vesting is subject to the DPM key employees' continued employment through each annual vesting date and will be settled in shares of Company common stock. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $22.3 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the DPM consideration holdback. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance related to the DPM consideration holdback in the consolidated balance sheet was $6.1 million. The next, and final, annual settlement of $8.1 million is expected to occur at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

PDP Assumed Performance Plan

In connection with the fiscal 2018 acquisition of PDP, the Company assumed the outstanding performance compensation plan under the PDP 2018 Equity Compensation Plan ("PDP PSU plan"). During fiscal 2020, the Company converted the outstanding PDP PSU plan to a time-vesting restricted stock plan ("PDP RSU plan").

Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $65.5 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the PDP RSU plan. The final annual settlement occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.

Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP")

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 103,447 shares of common stock were purchased under the ESPP at a weighted-average price of $41.44 per share, resulting in cash proceeds of $4.3 million over the relevant offering periods.

Stock-based compensation expense associated with the ESPP was $1.8 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2022, there was approximately $0.4 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP, which is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the current offering period.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income accumulated balances of $5,730 and $7,522 at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, reflect accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments.

F-55

15.    INCOME TAX:

Total income tax expense (benefit) was allocated as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Continuing operations	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)
Discontinued operations	—		—		207
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,069)

Income tax expense (benefit) attributable to loss from continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	(1,227)	$	(28,060)	$	(33,715)
Non-U.S.	305		17		146
State	1,220		(1,071)		171
	298		(29,114)		(33,398)
Deferred:
U.S. Federal	(895)		(1,205)		(5,103)
Non-U.S.	(608)		(44)		(1,006)
State	(37)		(169)		(769)
	(1,540)		(1,418)		(6,878)
Total	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

Income (loss) before income tax attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	(37,415)	$	(122,257)	$	(160,457)
Non-U.S.	2,340		1,457		(5,080)
Total	$	(35,075)	$	(120,800)	$	(165,537)

Income (loss) before income taxes, as shown above, is based on the location of the entity to which such income (losses) are attributable.  However, since such income (losses) may be subject to taxation in more than one country, the income tax expense (benefit) shown above as U.S. or non-U.S. may not correspond to the income (loss) shown above.

F-56

Below is a reconciliation of expected income tax benefit computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% to loss before income taxes to actual income tax benefit from continuing operations (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Computed expected income tax benefit	$	(7,366)	$	(25,368)	$	(34,763)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	691		(979)		(473)
Research and other tax credits	(3,107)		(4,635)		(1,517)
Nondeductible expenses	673		1,104		838
Stock-based compensation	5,576		(2,024)		5,025
Non-U.S. subsidiaries taxed at other rates	(364)		194		230
Adjustment to valuation allowances	2,520		2,230		(2,245)
Net operating loss carryback taxed at other rates	—		—		(7,360)
Other, net	135		(1,054)		(11)
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The CARES Act included several significant changes and clarifications to existing tax law, including changes to the treatment of net operating losses (“NOLs”). Under the CARES Act, NOLs arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021 may be carried back to each of the five tax years preceding the tax year of the loss. As such, the Company carried back its fiscal 2021 NOL, resulting in an expected refund of approximately $28 million. The Company was also able to carry back its fiscal 2020 NOL, resulting in a refund of approximately $32 million, which was received in fiscal 2022.

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below (dollars in thousands).  

	2022		2021
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$	5,682	$	3,501
Lease liabilities	14,090		3,324
Net operating loss carryforwards	25,737		35,945
Stock-based compensation	8,022		2,991
Nonqualified deferred compensation	3,119		2,802
Property and equipment	496		—
Tax credit carryforwards	7,588		10,241
Other	1,351		444
Total deferred tax assets	66,085		59,248
Less valuation allowance	(37,399)		(35,332)
Net deferred tax assets	28,686		23,916
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	(2,296)		(6,734)
Property and equipment	—		(248)
Right-of-use assets	(13,691)		(3,016)
Intangible assets	(4,218)		(8,409)
Deferred commissions	(7,562)		(5,391)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(27,767)		(23,798)
Net deferred tax assets	$	919	$	118

F-57

At March 31, 2022, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $0.9 million and $125.5 million for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes, respectively.  Of the net operating loss carryforwards, $16.8 million will not expire for state purposes. The remaining carryforwards will expire in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2042. The Company has foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $99.6 million. Of this amount, $90.4 million will not expire. The remainder expires in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2031. The Company has federal and state credit carryforwards of $3.0 million and $7.0 million, respectively. Of the state credit carryforwards, $6.3 million will not expire. The remaining credit carryforwards will expire in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2037.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets is dependent upon its generation of sufficient taxable income of the proper character in future years in appropriate tax jurisdictions to obtain benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and the use of net operating loss and credit carryforwards. 

Based upon the weight of available evidence, including the Company’s history of losses from continuing operations, management believes that it is not more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of the deductible temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards. Accordingly, the Company has established valuation allowances against its deferred tax assets.

Based upon the Company's history of losses in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions, the Company has not recorded a benefit for current foreign losses in these jurisdictions. In addition, management believes it is not more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of certain foreign net operating loss carryforwards and has established valuation allowances in the amount of $22.7 million against deferred tax assets in such jurisdictions. No valuation allowance has been established against deferred tax assets in non-U.S. jurisdictions in which historical profits and forecasted continuing profits exist.

The following table sets forth changes in the total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	25,026	$	23,400	$	19,600
Increases related to prior year tax positions	411		—		2,458
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	—		(139)		(1,048)
Increases related to current year tax positions	990		1,765		2,433
Lapse of statute of limitations	(2,610)		—		(43)
Balance at end of period	$	23,817	$	25,026	$	23,400

Gross unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2022 was $23.8 million, of which $20.1 million would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate in future periods if and when realized. The Company reports accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The combined amount of accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions on tax returns was approximately $4.3 million as of March 31, 2022. Accrued interest and penalties increased by $0.8 million during fiscal 2022. The Company does not anticipate a material reduction of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.

The Company files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return and tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions.  The Company’s subsidiaries also file tax returns in various foreign jurisdictions in which they operate.  In the U.S., the statute of limitations for Internal Revenue Service examinations remains open for the Company’s federal income tax returns for fiscal years after 2013. The Company’s federal income tax return for fiscal year 2019 is currently under Internal Revenue Service examination. The status of other U.S. federal, state and foreign tax examinations varies by jurisdiction.  The Company does not anticipate any material adjustments to its consolidated financial statements resulting from tax examinations currently in progress.

F-58

16.    RETIREMENT PLANS:

The Company has a qualified 401(k) retirement savings plan that covers substantially all U.S. employees.  The Company also offers a supplemental non-qualified deferred compensation plan (“SNQDC Plan”) for certain highly-compensated employees. The Company matches 100% of the first 6% of each participating employee's annual aggregate contributions. The Company may also contribute additional amounts to the plans at the discretion of the board of directors.

Company contributions for the above plans amounted to approximately $10.1 million, $9.4 million, and $7.9 million in fiscal years 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.  Included in both other current assets and other accrued liabilities are the assets and liabilities of the SNQDC Plan in the amount of $15.5 million and $15.8 million at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

17.    FOREIGN OPERATIONS:

The Company attributes revenue to each geographic region based on the location of the Company’s operations. The following table shows financial information by geographic area (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
Revenue	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Foreign
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
APAC	6,519		4,535		5,346
All Foreign	32,892		27,050		26,135
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

Long-lived assets excluding financial instruments (dollars in thousands):

	March 31,
	2022		2021
United States	$	509,014	$	456,662
Foreign
Europe	4,174		1,084
APAC	4,714		4,860
All Foreign	8,888		5,944
	$	517,902	$	462,606

F-59

18.    FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

The Company measures certain financial assets at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows:

•Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•Level 3 - Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

For certain financial instruments, including accounts receivable, certificates of deposit, and accounts payable, the carrying amounts approximate their fair value due to the relatively short maturity of these balances.

The following table details the fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company's financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

 

	March 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528
Total	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528

	March 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838
Total	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838

Strategic investments consist of non-controlling equity investments in privately held companies. The Company elected the measurement alternative for these investments without readily determinable fair values and for which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence. These investments are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Under the cost method of accounting, the non-marketable equity securities are carried at cost less any impairment, plus or minus adjustments resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer, which is recorded within the statement of operations. The Company held $5.7 million of strategic investments without readily determinable fair values at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively (see Note 7). These investments are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. There were no impairment charges for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

F-60

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED

2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

OF

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

1.Establishment and Purpose.This Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “Plan”) was originally established under the name of the 2000 Associate Stock Option Plan of Acxiom Corporation, the predecessor of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (“Company”).The Plan has been amended from time to time and hereby is amended and restated as set forth herein, effective May 17, 2022, for awards issued on or after that date.The purpose of the Plan is to further the growth and development of the Company and any of its present or future Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies (as defined below) by allowing certain Associates (as defined below) to acquire or increase equity ownership in the Company, thereby offering such Associates a proprietary interest in the Company’s business and a more direct stake in its continuing welfare, and aligning their interests with those of the Company’s stockholders.The Plan is also intended to assist the Company in attracting and retaining talented Associates, who are vital to the continued development and success of the Company.

2.Definitions.The following capitalized terms, when used in the Plan, have the following meanings:

(a)    “Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and in effect from time to time.

(b)    “Affiliated Company” means any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture or other entity in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has an ownership interest.

(c)    “Associate” means any employee, officer (whether or not also a director), director, affiliate, independent contractor or consultant of the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliated Company who renders those types of services which tend to contribute to the success of the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Affiliated Companies, or which may reasonably be anticipated to contribute to the future success of the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Affiliated Companies.

(d)    ”Award” means the grant, pursuant to the Plan, of any Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock Award, Restricted Stock Unit Award, Performance Awards, Performance Share, Performance Unit, Qualified Performance-Based Award, or Other Stock Unit Award. The terms and conditions applicable to an Award shall be set forth in applicable Grant Documents.

(e)    “Award Agreement” means any written or electronic agreement, contract, or other document or instrument evidencing any Award granted by the Committee or the Board hereunder, which may, but need not, be executed or acknowledged by both the Company and the Participant.

(f)    “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

(g)    “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time.

(h)    “Common Stock” means the common stock, par value $.10 per share, of the Company or any security into which such common stock may be changed by reason of any transaction or event of the type described in Section 16 of the Plan.

1

Exhibit 10.2

(i)    “Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board (as well as any successor to the Compensation Committee and any Company officers to whom authority has been lawfully delegated by the Compensation Committee). All of the members of the Committee, which may not be less than two, are intended at all times to qualify as “outside directors” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code and “Non-Employee Directors” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3, and each of whom is “independent” as set forth in the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and/or Nasdaq or any stock exchange upon which the Shares may be listed in the future; provided, however, that the failure of a member of such Committee to so qualify shall not be deemed to invalidate any Award granted by such Committee.

(j)    “Covered Associate” shall mean a “covered employee” within the meaning of Section 162(m)(3) of the Code, or any successor provision thereto.

(k)    “Date of Grant” means the date specified by the Committee or the Board, as applicable, on which a grant of an Award will become effective.

(l)    “Exercise Period” means the period during which an Option shall vest and become exercisable by a Participant (or his or her representatives or transferees) as specified in Section 6(c) below.

(m)    “Exercise Price” means the purchase price per share payable upon exercise of an Option.

(n)    “Fair Market Value” means, as of any applicable determination date or for any applicable determination period, the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock as reported by Nasdaq (or any other stock exchange upon which the Common Stock may be listed for trading).

(o)    “Grant Documents” means any written or electronic Award Agreement, memorandum, notice, and/or other document or instrument evidencing the terms and conditions of the grant of an Award by the Committee or the Board under the Plan, which may, but need not, be executed or acknowledged by both the Company and the Participant.

(p)    “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option intended to be and designated as an “Incentive Stock Option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.

(q)    “Legal Requirements” means any laws, or any rules or regulations issued or promulgated by the Internal Revenue Service (including Section 422 of the Code), the Securities and Exchange Commission, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., Nasdaq (or any other stock exchange upon which the Common Stock may be listed for trading), or any other governmental or quasi‑governmental agency having jurisdiction over the Company, the Common Stock or the Plan.

(r)    “Non-Qualified Stock Option” means any Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

(s)    “Option” means an option granted to a Participant pursuant to the Plan to acquire a certain number of Shares at such price(s) and during such period(s) and under such other terms and conditions as the Committee or Board shall determine from time to time.

(t)    “Other Stock Unit Award” means any right granted to a Participant by the Committee or Board pursuant to Section 10 hereof.

(u)    “Participant” means an Associate who is selected by the Committee or the Board to receive an Award under the Plan.

Exhibit 10.2

(v)    “Performance Award” means any Award of Performance Shares or Performance Units pursuant to Section 9 hereof.

(w)    “Performance Goals” means the pre-established objective performance goals established by the Committee for each Performance Period. The Performance Goals may be based upon the performance of the Company (or a division, organization or other business unit thereof), a Subsidiary, an Affiliated Company, or of an individual Participant, using one or more of the Performance Measures selected by the Committee in its discretion. Performance Goals may be set at a specific level, or may be expressed as a relative percentage to the comparable measure at comparison companies or a defined index. Performance Goals shall, to the extent applicable, be based upon generally accepted accounting principles, but shall be adjusted by the Committee to take into account the effect of the following: changes in accounting standards that may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board after the Performance Goal is established; realized investment gains and losses; extraordinary, unusual, non-recurring, or infrequent items; “non-GAAP financial measures” that have been included in the Company’s quarterly earnings releases and disclosed to investors in accordance with SEC regulations; and other items as the Committee determines to be required so that the operating results of the Company (or a division, organization or other business unit thereof), a Subsidiary or an Affiliated Company shall be computed on a comparative basis from Performance Period to Performance Period. Determinations made by the Committee shall be based on relevant objective information and/or financial data, and shall be final and conclusive with respect to all affected parties.

(x)    “Performance Measures” means one or more of the following criteria, on which Performance Goals may be based: (a) earnings (either in the aggregate or on a per-Share basis, reflecting dilution of Shares as the Committee deems appropriate and, if the Committee so determines, net of or including dividends) before or after interest and taxes (“EBIT”) or before or after interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”); (b) gross or net revenue or changes in annual revenues; (c) cash flow(s) (including operating, free or net cash flows); (d) financial return ratios; (e) total stockholder return, stockholder return based on growth measures or the attainment by the Shares of a specified value for a specified period of time, (f) Share price, or Share price appreciation; (g) earnings growth or growth in earnings per Share; (h) return measures, including return or net return on assets, net assets, equity, capital, investment, or gross sales; (i) adjusted pre-tax margin; (j) pre-tax profits; (k) operating margins; (l) operating profits; (m) operating expenses; (n) dividends; (o) net income or net operating income; (p) growth in operating earnings or growth in earnings per Share; (q) value of assets; (r) market share or market penetration with respect to specific designated products or product groups and/or specific geographic areas; (s) aggregate product price and other product measures; (t) expense or cost levels, in each case, where applicable, determined either on a company-wide basis or in respect of any one or more specified divisions; (u) reduction of losses, loss ratios or expense ratios; (v) reduction in fixed costs; (w) operating cost management; (x) cost of capital; (y) debt reduction; (z) productivity improvements; (aa) satisfaction of specified business expansion goals or goals relating to acquisitions or divestitures; (bb) customer satisfaction based on specified objective goals or a Company-sponsored customer survey; or (cc) Associate diversity goals.

Performance Measures may be applied on a pre-tax or post-tax basis, and may be based upon the performance of the Company (or a division, organization or other business unit thereof), a Subsidiary, an Affiliated Company, or of an individual Participant. The Committee may, at time of grant, in the case of an Award intended to be a Qualified Performance-Based Award, and in the case of other grants, at any time, provide that the Performance Goals for such Award may include or exclude items to measure specific objectives, such as losses from discontinued operations, extraordinary gains or losses, the cumulative effect of accounting changes, acquisitions or divestitures, foreign exchange impacts, and any unusual nonrecurring gain or loss.

(y)    “Performance Period” means that period established by the Committee or the Board at the time any Award is granted or at any time thereafter during which any performance goals specified by the Committee or the Board with respect to such Award are to be measured.

3

Exhibit 10.2

(z)    “Performance Share” means any grant pursuant to Section 9 hereof of a right to receive the value of a Share, or a portion or multiple thereof, which value may be paid to the Participant by delivery of such property as the Committee or Board shall determine, including, without limitation, cash, Shares, or any combination thereof, upon achievement of such performance goals during the Performance Period as the Committee or the Board shall establish at the time of such grant or thereafter.

(aa)    “Performance Unit” means any grant pursuant to Section 9 hereof of a right to receive the value of property other than a Share, or a portion or multiple thereof, which value may be paid to the Participant by delivery of such property as the Committee or Board shall determine, including, without limitation, cash, Shares, or any combination thereof, upon achievement of such Performance Goals during the Performance Period as the Committee or the Board shall establish at the time of such grant or thereafter.

(bb)    “Qualified Performance-Based Award” means an Award to a Covered Associate who is a salaried employee of the Company or to an Associate that the Committee determines may be a Covered Associate at the time the Company would be entitled to a deduction for such Award, which Award is intended to provide “qualified performance-based compensation” within the meaning of Code Section 162(m).

(cc)    “Restricted Stock” means any Share issued with the restriction that the holder may not sell, transfer, pledge, or assign such Share and with such other restrictions as the Committee or the Board, in their sole discretion, may impose (including, without limitation, any forfeiture condition or any restriction on the right to vote such Share, and the right to receive any cash dividends on unvested shares), which restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at such time or times, in installments or otherwise, as the Committee or the Board may deem appropriate.

(dd)    “Restricted Stock Award” means an award of Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Units under Section 8 hereof.

(ee)    “Restricted Stock Unit” means a right awarded to a Participant that, subject to Section 8(c), may result in the Participant’s ownership of Shares upon, but not before, the lapse of restrictions related thereto.

(ff)    “Restriction Period” means the period of time specified by the Committee or Board pursuant to Sections 8 and 10 below.

(gg)    “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 under Section 16 of the Act, as such Rule may be in effect from time to time.

(hh)    “Shares” means the shares of Common Stock of the Company, $.10 par value, as may be adjusted in accordance with Section 16 of the Plan.

(ii)    “Stock Appreciation Right” means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Section 7 of the Plan, to surrender to the Company all (or a portion) of such right and, if applicable, a related Option, and receive cash or shares of Common Stock in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.

(jj)    “Strike Price” shall have the meaning set forth for such term in Section 7(b) of the Plan.

(kk)    “Subsidiary” means any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture or other entity in which the Company owns or controls, directly or indirectly, not less than 50% of the total combined voting power or equity interests represented by all classes of stock, membership or other interests issued by such corporation, limited liability company, partnership, limited liability partnership, joint venture or other entity.

Exhibit 10.2

(ll)    “Substitute Awards” shall mean Awards granted or Shares issued by the Company in assumption of, or in substitution or exchange for, awards previously granted, or the right or obligation to make future awards, by a company acquired by the Company or with which the Company combines.

(mm)    “UK Addendum” means the addendum set forth on Schedule A.

3.Administration.The Plan shall be administered by the Committee and the Board.Except as otherwise provided herein, each of the Committee or the Board has the full authority and discretion to administer the Plan, and to take any action that is necessary or advisable in connection with the administration of the Plan including, without limitation, the authority and discretion to:

(a)    select the Associates eligible to become Participants under the Plan;

(b)    determine whether and to what extent Awards are to be granted;

(c)    determine the number of Shares to be covered by each grant;

(d)    determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any grant hereunder (including, but not limited to, the term of the Award, the Exercise Price or Strike Price and any restriction, limitation, procedure, or deferral related thereto, provisions relating to the effect upon the Award of a Participant’s cessation of employment, acceleration of vesting, forfeiture provisions regarding an Award and/or the profits received by any Participant from receiving an Award of exercising an Option or Stock Appreciation Right, and any other terms and conditions regarding any Award, based in each case upon such guidelines and factors as the Committee or Board shall determine from time to time in their sole discretion);

(e)    determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances grants under the Plan are to be made and operate, whether on a tandem basis or otherwise, with other grants or awards (whether equity or cash based) made by the Company under or outside of the Plan; and

(f)    delegate to one or more officers of the Company the right to grant Awards under the Plan, provided that such delegation is made in accordance with the provisions of applicable state and federal laws.

Each of the Committee and the Board shall have the authority to adopt, alter and repeal such rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan as it shall from time to time deem advisable; to interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award granted under thereunder (and any Grant Documents relating thereto); and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan.

Each of the Committee and the Board shall also have the authority to provide, in their discretion, for the rescission, forfeiture, cancellation or other restriction of any Award granted under the Plan, or for the forfeiture, rescission or repayment to the Company by a Participant or former Participant of any profits or gains related to any Award granted hereunder, or other limitations, upon the occurrence of such prescribed events and under such circumstances as the Committee or the Board shall deem necessary and reasonable for the benefit of the Company; provided, however, that this provision shall have no application after a Change in Control Event (as defined below in Section 11) has occurred.

All decisions made by the Committee and the Board pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be made in the Committee’s or Board’s sole discretion and shall be final and binding on all persons including the Company and any Participant.No member of the Committee or Board will be liable for any such action taken or omitted to be taken or determination made in good faith.

Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, the Committee shall have the exclusive authority and discretion to award, administer or otherwise take any action required or permitted to be

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Exhibit 10.2

taken with respect to Qualified Performance-Based Awards or under any provisions of the Plan with respect to Awards that are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code.

4.    Shares Subject to the Plan.

(a) The total number of Shares (“Total Shares”) which may be issued pursuant to the Plan shall not exceed 37,875,000 Shares; provided, that the Total Shares shall be increased to 42,375,000 Shares, subject to the approval of the Company’s stockholders within one year of May 17, 2022. Such Shares may consist, in whole or in part, of authorized and unissued shares or treasury shares, as determined in the discretion of the Committee or the Board. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4, in no event will more than the Total Shares be cumulatively available for Awards of Incentive Stock Options under the Plan.

(b) If any Award made under the Plan is forfeited, any Option (and the related Stock Appreciation Right, if any), or any Stock Appreciation Right not related to an Option terminates, expires or lapses without being exercised, or any Stock Appreciation Right is exercised for cash, the Shares subject to such Awards that are, as a result, not delivered to the Participant shall again be available for delivery in connection with Awards. If a Stock Appreciation Right is exercised, the total number of Shares against which the Stock Appreciation Right was measured, not merely the number of Shares issued, will be deemed delivered for purposes of determining the maximum number of Shares available for delivery under the Plan. If the Exercise Price of any Option is satisfied by delivering Shares to the Company (by either actual delivery or by attestation), the total number of Shares exercised, not merely the number of Shares delivered or attested to, shall be deemed delivered for purposes of determining the maximum number of Shares available for delivery pursuant to Awards under the Plan. To the extent any Shares subject to an Award are not delivered to a Participant because such Shares are used to satisfy an applicable tax withholding obligation, such Shares that are not delivered shall be deemed delivered and shall not thereafter be available for delivery in connection with Awards.

(c) Shares available for issuance or reissuance under the Plan will be subject to adjustment as provided in Section 16 below.

5.    Eligible Participants. All Associates shall be eligible to receive Awards and thereby become Participants in the Plan, regardless of such Associate’s prior participation in the Plan or any other benefit plan of the Company, provided that (1) only Associates who are employees of the Company or a Subsidiary may receive Incentive Stock Options; and (2) for any Performance Period for which Awards are intended to be Qualified Performance-Based Awards to eligible classes of Associates as set forth in Section 14, the Committee shall designate the Associates eligible to be granted Awards no later than the 90th day after the start of the fiscal year (or in the case of a Performance Period based upon a time period other than a fiscal year, no later than the date on which 25% of the Performance Period has elapsed). No executive officer named in the Summary Compensation Table of the Company’s then current Proxy Statement shall be eligible to receive in excess of 400,000 Options or Stock Appreciation Rights in any one-year period.

6. Options.

(a) Grant of Options. The Committee, the Board or their authorized designees may from time to time authorize grants of Options to any Participant upon such terms and conditions as the Committee or Board may determine in accordance with the provisions set forth in the Plan. Each grant will specify, among other things, the number of Shares to which it pertains; the Exercise Price; the form of payment to be made by the Participant for the Shares purchased upon exercise of any Option; the required period or periods (if any) of continuous service by the Participant with the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliated Company and/or any other conditions to be satisfied before the Options or installments thereof will vest and become exercisable. Options granted under the Plan may be either Non-Qualified Options or Incentive Stock Options.

Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, the aggregate Fair Market Value (as determined on the Date of Grant) of the Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock

Exhibit 10.2

Options granted are exercisable for the first time by any Participant during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its Subsidiaries) shall not exceed the maximum amount specified by Section 422 of the Code, as amended from time to time (currently $100,000).

Each Option granted under this Plan will be evidenced by Grant Documents delivered to the Participant containing such further terms and provisions, not inconsistent with the Plan, as the Committee or Board may approve in their discretion.

(b) Exercise Price.

(i) The Exercise Price for each share of Common Stock purchasable under any Option shall be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share on the Date of Grant as the Committee or Board shall specify. All such Exercise Prices shall be subject to adjustment as provided for in Section 16 hereof.

(ii) If any Participant to whom an Incentive Stock Option is to be granted under the Plan is on the Date of Grant the owner of stock (as determined under Section 425(d) of the Code) possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any one of its Subsidiaries or Affiliated Companies, then the Exercise Price per share of Common Stock subject to such Incentive Stock Option shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of one Share on the Date of Grant.

(c)    Exercise Period. Subject to Section 11 hereof, the period during which an Option shall vest and become exercisable by a Participant (or his or her representative(s) or transferee(s)) whether during or after employment or following death, retirement or disability (the “Exercise Period”) shall be such period of time as may be designated by the Committee or the Board as set forth in the Committee’s or Board’s applicable rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan and/or in the Grant Documents executed in connection with such Option. If the Committee or Board provides, in their sole discretion, that any Option is exercisable only in installments, the Committee or Board may waive or accelerate such installment exercise provisions at any time at or after grant in whole or in part, based upon such factors as the Committee or Board shall determine, in their sole discretion.

The maximum duration of any Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant (and no such Incentive Stock Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of such (10) year period), unless the Incentive Stock Option is granted to a Participant who, at the time of the grant, owns stock representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, in which case the term may not exceed five (5) years from the Date of Grant. The duration of Non-Qualified Stock Options shall be for such period as determined by the Committee or Board in its sole discretion, not to exceed ten years.

(d)    Exercise of Option. Subject to Section 11 hereof, an Option may be exercised by a Participant at any time and from time to time during the Exercise Period by giving written notice of such exercise to the Company specifying the number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased by the Participant. Such notice shall be accompanied by payment of the Exercise Price in accordance with subsection (e) below.

(e)    Payment for Shares. Full payment of the Exercise Price for the Shares purchased upon exercise of an Option, together with the amount of any tax or excise due in respect of the sale and issue thereof, may be made in one of the following forms of payment:

(i)    Cash, by check or electronic funds transfer;

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Exhibit 10.2

(ii)    Pursuant to procedures approved by the Company, through the sale (or margin) of Shares acquired upon exercise of the Option through a broker-dealer to whom the Participant has submitted an irrevocable notice of exercise and irrevocable instructions to deliver promptly to the Company the amount of sale (or if applicable margin loan) proceeds sufficient to pay for the Exercise Price, together with, if requested by the Company, the amount of federal, state, local or foreign withholding taxes payable by reason of such exercise;

(iii)    By delivering previously-owned shares of Common Stock owned by the Participant for a period of at least six months having a Fair Market Value on the date upon which the Participant exercises his or her Option equal to the Exercise Price, or by delivering a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock equal to the aggregate Exercise Price;

(iv)    By authorizing the Company to withhold a number of shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the Participant upon exercise of an Option having an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date upon which the Participant exercises his or her Option equal to the aggregate Exercise Price; or

(v)    By any combination of the foregoing.

Provided, however, that the payment methods described in clause (iv) immediately above shall not be available to a Participant without the prior consent of either the Committee or its authorized designee(s), or if at any time the Company is prohibited from purchasing or acquiring Shares under applicable Legal Requirements. The Committee or the Board may permit a Participant to exercise an Option and defer the issuance of any Shares, subject to such rules and procedures as the Committee or Board may establish.

The Company will issue no certificates for Shares until full payment of the Exercise Price has been made, and a Participant shall have none of the rights of a stockholder until certificates for the Shares purchased are issued; provided however, that for purposes of this Section 6, full payment shall be deemed to have been received by the Company upon evidence of delivery to a broker-dealer of the irrevocable instructions contemplated by clause (ii) immediately above.

No dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of an unvested Option.

(f)    Withholding Taxes. The Company may require a Participant exercising a Non-Qualified Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right granted hereunder to reimburse the Company (or the entity which employs the Participant) for taxes required by any government to be withheld or otherwise deducted and paid by such corporation in respect of the issuance of the Shares. Such withholding requirements may be satisfied by any one of the following methods:

(i)    A Participant may deliver cash in an amount which would satisfy the withholding requirement;

(ii)    A Participant may deliver previously-owned Shares (based upon the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise) in an amount which would satisfy the withholding requirement; or

(iii)    With the prior consent of either the Committee or the Board, or its authorized designees, a Participant may request that the Company (or the entity which employs the Participant) withhold from the number of Shares otherwise issuable to the Participant upon exercise of an Option such number of Shares (based upon the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of exercise) as is necessary to satisfy the withholding requirement.

Exhibit 10.2

(g)    Conditions to Exercise of Options. The Committee or the Board may, in their discretion, require as conditions to the exercise of Options or Stock Appreciation Rights and the issuance of shares thereunder either (a) that a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the Options or Stock Appreciation Rights and the shares to be issued upon the exercise thereof, containing such current information as is required by the Rules and Regulations under said Act, shall have become, and continue to be, effective; or (b) that the Participant or his or her transferee(s) (i) shall have represented, warranted and agreed, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, both that he or she is acquiring the Option or Stock Appreciation Right and, at the time of exercising the Option or Stock Appreciation Right, that he or she is acquiring the shares for his/her own account, for investment and not with a view to or in connection with any distribution; (ii) shall have agreed to restrictions on transfer, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company; and (iii) shall have agreed to an endorsement which makes appropriate reference to such representations, warranties, agreements and restrictions both on the option and on the certificate representing the shares.

(h)    Use of Proceeds. Proceeds realized from the sale of Common Stock pursuant to Options granted hereunder shall constitute general funds of the Company.

(i)    Minimum Vesting Period. The minimum vesting period applicable to any Option shall be one (1) year from the date of grant.

7.    Stock Appreciation Rights.

(a)    When granted, Stock Appreciation Rights may, but need not be, identified with a specific Option (including any Option granted on or before the Date of Grant of the Stock Appreciation Rights) in a number equal to or different from the number of Stock Appreciation Rights so granted. If Stock Appreciation Rights are identified with Shares subject to an Option, then, unless otherwise provided in the applicable Grant Documents, the Participant’s associated Stock Appreciation Rights shall terminate upon the expiration, termination, forfeiture or cancellation of such Option or the exercise of such Option.

(b)    The Strike Price of any Stock Appreciation Right shall (i) for any Stock Appreciation Right that is identified with an Option, equal the Exercise Price of such Option, or (ii) for any other Stock Appreciation Right, be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share of Common Stock on the Date of Grant as the Committee or Board shall specify. The duration of any Stock Appreciation Right shall be for such period as determined by the Committee or Board in its sole discretion, not to exceed ten years.

(c)    Subject to Section 11 hereof, (i) each Stock Appreciation Right which is identified with any Option grant shall vest and become exercisable by a Participant as and to the extent, including the minimum vesting period provided in Section 6(i), that the related Option with respect to which such Stock Appreciation Right is identified may be exercised; and (ii) each other Stock Appreciation Right shall vest and become exercisable by a Participant, whether during or after employment or following death, retirement or disability, at such time or times as may be designated by the Committee or Board as set forth in the applicable rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan and/or the Grant Documents executed in connection with such Stock Appreciation Right; provided, however, that the minimum vesting period applicable to any such other Stock Appreciation Right shall be one (1) year from the date of grant.

(d)    Subject to Section 11 hereof, Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised by a Participant by delivery to the Company of written notice of intent to exercise a specific number of Stock Appreciation Rights. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable Grant Documents, the exercise of Stock Appreciation Rights which are identified with Shares of Common Stock subject to an Option shall result in the cancellation or forfeiture of such Option to the extent of the exercise of such Stock Appreciation Right.

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Exhibit 10.2

(e)    The benefit to the Participant for each Stock Appreciation Right exercised shall be equal to (i) the Fair Market Value of a Share of Common Stock on the date of exercise, minus (ii) the Strike Price of such Stock Appreciation Right. Such benefit shall be payable in cash, except that the Committee or Board may provide in the applicable rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan and/or the Grant Documents that benefits may be paid wholly or partly in Shares of Common Stock. No dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of an unvested Stock Appreciation Right.

8.    Restricted Stock Awards.

(a)    Issuance. A Restricted Stock Award shall be subject to restrictions imposed by the Committee or the Board during a period of time specified by the Committee or Board (the “Restriction Period”). Restricted Stock Awards may be issued hereunder to Participants for no cash consideration or for such minimum consideration as may be required by applicable law, either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan. The provisions of Restricted Stock Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant.

(b)    Restricted Stock.

(i)    The Company may grant Restricted Stock to those Associates the Committee or the Board may select in their sole discretion. Each Award of Restricted Stock shall have those terms and conditions that are expressly set forth in or are required by the Plan and the Grant Documents as the Committee or the Board may determine in their discretion.

(ii)    While any restriction applies to any Participant’s Restricted Stock, (a) the Participant shall receive the proceeds of the Restricted Stock in any stock split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, or other change in the capital structure of the Company, which proceeds shall automatically and without need for any other action become Restricted Stock and be subject to all restrictions then existing as to the Participant’s Restricted Stock; (b) the Participant shall be entitled to vote the Restricted Stock during the Restriction Period; and (c) no dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of such Restricted Stock.

(iii)    The Restricted Stock will be delivered to the Participant subject to the understanding that while any restriction applies to the Restricted Stock, the Participant shall not have the right to sell, transfer, assign, convey, pledge, hypothecate, grant any security interest in or mortgage on, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any shares of Restricted Stock or any interest therein.As a result of the retention of rights in the Restricted Stock by the Company, except as required by any applicable law, neither any shares of the Restricted Stock nor any interest therein shall be subject in any manner to any forced or involuntary sale, transfer, conveyance, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, or other disposition or to any charge, liability, debt, or obligation of the Participant, whether as the direct or indirect result of any action of the Participant or any action taken in any proceeding, including any proceeding under any bankruptcy or other creditors’ rights law.Any action attempting to effect any transaction of that type shall be void.

(iv)    Unless other provisions are specified in the Grant Documents or Plan guidelines which may be adopted by the Committee or the Board from time to time, any Restricted Stock held by the Participant at the time the Participant ceases to be an Associate for any reason shall be forfeited by the Participant to the Company and automatically re-conveyed to the Company.

(v)    The Committee or the Board may withhold, in accordance with Section 17(f) hereof, any amounts necessary to collect any withholding taxes upon any taxable event relating to Restricted Stock.

Exhibit 10.2

(vi)    The making of an Award of Restricted Stock and delivery of any Restricted Stock is subject to compliance by the Company with all applicable Legal Requirements.The Company need not issue or transfer Restricted Stock pursuant to the Plan unless the Company’s legal counsel has approved all legal matters in connection with the delivery of the Restricted Stock.

(vii)    The Restricted Stock will be book-entry Shares only unless the Committee or the Board decides to issue certificates to evidence any shares of Restricted Stock.The Company may place stop-transfer instructions with respect to all Restricted Stock on its stock transfer records.

(viii)    At the time of grant of Restricted Stock (or at such earlier or later time as the Committee or the Board determines to be appropriate in light of the provisions of Code Section 409A), the Committee or the Board may permit a Participant of an Award of Restricted Stock to defer receipt of his or her Restricted Stock in accordance with rules and procedures established by the Committee or the Board.Alternatively, the Committee or the Board may, in their discretion and at the times provided above, permit an individual who would have been a Participant with respect to an Award of Restricted Stock, to elect instead to receive an equivalent Award of Restricted Stock Units, and the Committee or the Board may permit the Participant to elect to defer receipt of Shares under the Restricted Stock Units in accordance with Section 8(c)(viii).

(ix)    The minimum Restriction Period applicable to any Award of Restricted Stock that is not subject to performance conditions restricting the grant size, the transfer of the shares, or the vesting of the award shall be two (2) years from the date of grant; provided, however, that a Restriction Period of less than two (2) years may be approved under the Plan for such Awards with respect to up to a total of 100,000 Shares.

(c)    Restricted Stock Units.

(i)    The Company may grant Restricted Stock Units to those Associates as the Committee or the Board may select in its sole discretion. Restricted Stock Units represent the right to receive Shares in the future, at such times, and subject to such conditions as the Committee or the Board shall determine. The restrictions imposed shall take into account potential tax treatment under Code Section 409A.

(ii)    Until the Restricted Stock Unit is released from restrictions and any Shares subject thereto are delivered to the Participant, the Participant shall not have any beneficial ownership in any Shares subject to the Restricted Stock Unit, nor shall the Participant have the right to sell, transfer, assign, convey, pledge, hypothecate, grant any security interest in or mortgage on, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any Restricted Stock Unit or any interest therein. Except as required by any law, no Restricted Stock Unit nor any interest therein shall be subject in any manner to any forced or involuntary sale, transfer, conveyance, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, or other disposition or to any charge, liability, debt, or obligation of the Participant, whether as the direct or indirect result of any action of the Participant or any action taken in any proceeding, including any proceeding under any bankruptcy or other creditors’ rights law. Any action attempting to effect any transaction of that type shall be void.

11

Exhibit 10.2

(iii)    Upon the lapse of the restrictions, the Participant holder of Restricted Stock Units shall, except as noted below, be entitled to receive, as soon as administratively practical, (a) that number of Shares subject to the Award that are no longer subject to restrictions, (b) cash in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the number of Shares subject to the Award that are no longer subject to restrictions, or (c) any combination of Shares and cash, as the Committee or the Board shall determine in their sole discretion, or shall have specified at the time the Award was granted.

(iv)    Restricted Stock Units and the entitlement to Shares, cash, or any combination thereunder will be forfeited and all rights of a Participant to such Restricted Stock Units and the Shares thereunder will terminate if the applicable restrictions are not satisfied.

(v)    A Participant holder of Restricted Stock Units is not entitled to any rights of a holder of the Shares (e.g., voting rights), prior to the receipt of such Shares pursuant to the Plan. No dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of an outstanding Restricted Stock Unit.

(vi)    The Committee or the Board may withhold, in accordance with Section 17(f) hereof, any amounts necessary to collect any withholding taxes upon any taxable event relating to any Restricted Stock Units.

(vii)    The granting of Restricted Stock Units and the delivery of any Shares is subject to compliance by the Company with all applicable Legal Requirements.

(viii)    At the time of grant of Restricted Stock Units (or at such earlier or later time as the Committee or the Board determines to be appropriate in light of the provisions of Code Section 409A), the Committee or the Board may permit a Participant to elect to defer receipt of the Shares or cash to be delivered upon lapse of the restrictions applicable to the Restricted Stock Units in accordance with rules and procedures that may be established from time to time by the Committee or the Board. Such rules and procedures shall take into account potential tax treatment under Code Section 409A, and may provide for payment in Shares or cash.

(ix)    The minimum Restriction Period applicable to any Award of Restricted Stock Units shall be one (1) year from the date of grant, provided, however, that a Restriction Period of less than one (1) year may be approved under the Plan for such Awards with respect to up to a total of 100,000 Shares.

9.    Performance Awards.

(a)    Grant. The Company may grant Performance Awards to Associates on any terms and conditions the Committee or the Board deem desirable. Each Award of Performance Awards shall have those terms and conditions that are expressly set forth in, or are required by, the Plan and the Grant Documents.

(b)    Performance Goals. The Committee or the Board may set Performance Goals which, depending on the extent to which they are met during a Performance Period, will determine the number of Performance Shares or Performance Units that will be delivered to a Participant at the end of the Performance Period. The Performance Goals may be set at threshold, target, and maximum performance levels, and the number of Performance Shares or Performance Units to be delivered may be tied to the degree of attainment of the various performance levels specified under the various Performance Goals during the Performance Period, which may not be less than one year. No payment shall be made with respect to a Performance Award if any specified threshold performance level is not attained.

Exhibit 10.2

(c)    Beneficial Ownership. A Participant receiving a Performance Award shall not have any beneficial ownership in any Shares subject to such Award until Shares are delivered in satisfaction of the Award, nor shall the Participant have the right to sell, transfer, assign, convey, pledge, hypothecate, grant any security interest in or mortgage on, or otherwise dispose of or encumber any Performance Award or any interest therein. Except as required by any law, neither the Performance Award nor any interest therein shall be subject in any manner to any forced or involuntary sale, transfer, conveyance, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, or other disposition or to any charge, liability, debt, or obligation of the Participant, whether as the direct or indirect result of any action of the Participant or any action taken in any proceeding, including any proceeding under any bankruptcy or other creditors’ rights law. Any action attempting to effect any transaction of that type shall be void.

(d)    Determination of Achievement of Performance Awards. The Committee or the Board shall, promptly after the date on which the necessary financial, individual or other information for a particular Performance Period becomes available, determine and certify the degree to which each of the Performance Goals have been attained.

(e)    Payment of Performance Awards. After the applicable Performance Period has ended, a recipient of a Performance Award shall be entitled to payment based on the performance level attained with respect to the Performance Goals applicable to the Performance Award. Performance Awards shall be settled as soon as practicable after the Committee or Board determines and certifies the degree of attainment of Performance Goals for the Performance Period. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Grant Documents, payment to a Participant with respect to a Performance Award may be made (a) in Shares, (b) in cash, or (c) any combination of Shares and cash, as the Committee or the Board may determine at any time in their sole discretion.

(f)    Limitation on Rights/Withholding. A recipient of a Performance Award is not entitled to any rights of a holder of the Shares (e.g. voting rights), prior to the receipt of such Shares pursuant to the Plan. No dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of an outstanding Performance Award. The Committee or the Board may withhold, in accordance with Section 17(f) hereof, any amounts necessary to collect any withholding taxes upon any taxable event relating to Performance Awards.

10.    Other Stock Unit Awards. Other Awards of Shares and other Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to, or are otherwise based on, Shares or other property (“Other Stock Unit Awards”) may be granted hereunder to Participants, either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan. Other Stock Unit Awards may be paid in Shares, cash or any other form of property as the Committee or the Board may determine. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee or the Board shall have sole and complete authority to determine the Associates to whom such Awards shall be made, the times at which such Awards shall be made, the number of Shares to be granted pursuant to such Awards, and all other terms and conditions of such Awards. The provisions of Other Stock Unit Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant. For any Award or Shares subject to any Award made under this Section 10, the vesting of which is conditioned only on the passage of time, such Restriction Period shall be a minimum of two (2) years for full vesting. Shares (including securities convertible into Shares) subject to Awards granted under this Section 10 may be issued for no cash consideration or for such minimum consideration as may be required by applicable law. No dividends, dividend equivalents or other similar payments shall be payable in respect of an outstanding Other Stock Unit Award.

13

Exhibit 10.2

11.    Change in Control. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary, upon the occurrence of a transaction involving the consummation of a reorganization, merger, consolidation or similar transaction involving the Company (other than a reorganization, merger, consolidation or similar transaction in which the Company’s shareholders immediately prior to such transactionown more than 50% of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of directors of the surviving corporation), a sale of all or substantially all of its assets, the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the acquisition of a significant percentage, which shall be no less than beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Act) of 20%, of the voting power of the Company, (each a “Change in Control Event”), which shall not include preliminary transaction activities such as receipt of a letter of interest, receipt of a letter of intent or an agreement in principle, each outstanding Award will be treated as the Committee or Board may determine (subject to the provisions of the following paragraph), without a Participant’s consent, including, without limitation, that (A) Awards will be assumed, or substantially equivalent Awards will be substituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or affiliate thereof), with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; (B) upon written or electronic notice to a Participant, that the Participant’s Awards will terminate upon or immediately prior to the consummation of such Change in Control Event; (C) that, to the extent the Committee or Board may determine, in whole or in part prior to or upon consummation of such Change in Control Event, (i) Options and Stock Appreciation Rights may become immediately exercisable; (ii) restrictions and deferral limitations applicable to any Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Unit Award may become free of all restrictions and limitations and become fully vested and transferable; (iii) all Performance Awards may be considered to be prorated, and any deferral or other restriction may lapse and such Performance Awards may be immediately settled or distributed (provided, for purposes of clarification, that any Performance Award converted into an Award that provides for service-based vesting will be treated in accordance with clause (ii) of this subsection 11(C)); and (iv) the restrictions and deferral limitations and other conditions applicable to any Other Stock Unit Awards or any other Awards granted under the Plan may lapse and such Other Stock Unit Awards or such other Awards may become free of all restrictions, limitations or conditions and become fully vested and transferable to the full extent of the Award not previously forfeited or vested; (D) the termination of an Award in exchange for an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the Shares subject to the Award immediately prior to the occurrence of such transaction (which shall be no less than the value being paid for such Shares pursuant to such transaction as determined by the Committee or Board) over the Exercise Price or Strike Price, if applicable, of such Award, with such amount payable in cash, in one or more of the kinds of property payable in such transaction, or in a combination thereof, as the Committee or Board in their discretion shall determine, or (E) any combination of the foregoing. In taking any of the actions permitted by this Section 11, the Committee or Board will not be obligated to treat all Awards, all Awards held by a Participant, or all Awards of the same type, similarly.Notwithstanding the definition of Change in Control Event above in this Section 11, to the extent required to avoid the adverse tax consequences under Section 409A of the Code, a Change in Control Event shall be deemed to occur only to the extent it also meets the requirements for a change in control event for purposes of Section 409A of the Code.

In the event that the successor corporation does not assume or substitute for the Award (or portion thereof), (i) Options and Stock Appreciation Rights will vest and become immediately exercisable; (ii) restrictions and deferral limitations applicable to any Restricted Stock or Restricted Stock Unit Award will become free of all restrictions and limitations and become fully vested and transferable; (iii) all Performance Awards will be considered to be prorated, and any deferral or other restriction will lapse and such Performance Awards will be immediately settled or distributed; and (iv) the restrictions and deferral limitations and other conditions applicable to any Other Stock Unit Awards or any other Awards granted under the Plan will lapse and such Other Stock Unit Awards or such other Awards will become free of all restrictions, limitations or conditions and become fully vested and transferable to the full extent of the Award not previously forfeited or vested.In addition, if an Option or Stock Appreciation Right is not assumed or substituted in the event of a Change in Control Event, the Committee or Board will notify the Participant in writing or electronically that the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will be exercisable for a period of time determined by the Committee or Board in its sole discretion, and the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will terminate upon the expiration of such period.

Exhibit 10.2

For the purposes of this Section 11, an Award will be considered assumed if, following the Change in Control Event, the Award confers the right to purchase or receive, for each Share subject to the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control Event, the consideration (whether stock, cash, or other securities or property) received in the Change in Control Event by holders of Common Stock for each Share held on the effective date of the transaction (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares); provided, however, that if such consideration received in the Change in Control Event is not solely common stock of the successor corporation or its parent entity, the Committee or Board may, with the consent of the successor corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right or upon the payout of any other Award, for each Share subject to such Award, to be solely common stock of the successor corporation or its parent entity equal in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the Change in Control Event.

Notwithstanding anything in this Section 11 to the contrary, an Award that vests, is earned or paid-out upon the satisfaction of one or more Performance Goals will not be considered assumed if the Company or its successor modifies any of such Performance Goals without the Participant’s consent; provided, however, a modification to such Performance Goals only to reflect the successor corporation’s post-Change in Control Event corporate structure will not be deemed to invalidate an otherwise valid Award assumption.

12.    Clawback. All Awards granted pursuant to this Plan are subject to the Company’s “clawback policy” as may be in effect at the time.

13.    Transferability of Awards.

(a)    Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan shall not be transferred by a Participant, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.

(b)    Other Awards (subject to the limitations in paragraph (c) below) granted under the Plan may be transferred by a Participant to: (i) the Participant’s family members (whether related by blood, marriage, or adoption and including a former spouse); (ii) trust(s) in which the Participant’s family members have a greater than 50% beneficial interest; (iii) trusts, including but not limited to charitable remainder trusts, or similar vehicles established for estate planning and/or charitable giving purposes; and (iv) family partnerships and/or family limited liability companies which are controlled by the Participant or the Participant’s family members, such transfers being permitted to occur by gift or pursuant to a domestic relation order, or, only in the case of transfers to the entities described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) immediately above, for value. The Committee or Board, or their authorized designees may, in their sole discretion, permit transfers of Awards to other persons or entities upon the request of a Participant; provided, however, that such Awards may not be transferred to a third party financial institution for value, including as collateral. Subsequent transfers of previously transferred Awards may only be made to one of the permitted transferees named above, unless the subsequent transfer has been approved by the Committee or the Board, or their authorized designee(s). Otherwise, such transferred Awards may be transferred only by will or the laws of descent and distribution.

(c)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, if at the time any Option is transferred as permitted under this Section 13, a corresponding Stock Appreciation Right has been identified as being granted in tandem with such Option, then the transfer of such Option shall also constitute a transfer of the corresponding Stock Appreciation Right, and such Stock Appreciation Right shall not be transferable other than as part of the transfer of the Option to which it relates.

15

Exhibit 10.2

(d)    Concurrently with any transfer, the transferor shall give written notice to the Plan’s then-current Plan administrator of the name and address of the transferee, the number of Shares being transferred, the Date of Grant of the Awards being transferred, and such other information as may reasonably be required by the administrator. Following a transfer, any such Awards shall continue to be subject to the same terms and conditions as were applicable immediately prior to transfer. The provisions of the Plan and applicable Grant Documents shall continue to be applied with respect to the original Participant, and such Awards shall be exercisable by the transferee only to the extent that they could have been exercised by the Participant under the terms of the original Grant Documents. The Company disclaims any obligation to provide notice to a transferee of any termination or expiration of a transferred Award.

14.     Code Section 162(m) Provisions and Award Limitations.

(a)    Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, (i) to the extent Awards to salaried employees (each an “eligible employee” for purposes of Code Section 162(m) and the Treasury Regulations thereunder with regard to stockholder approval of the material terms of the Performance Goals) are intended to be Qualified Performance-Based Awards; or (ii) if the Committee determines at the time any Award is granted to a salaried employee who is, or who may be as of the end of the tax year in which the Company would claim a tax deduction in connection with such Award, a Covered Associate, then the Committee may provide that this Section 14 is applicable to such Award.

(b)    If an Award is subject to this Section 14, then the lapsing of restrictions thereon and the distribution of cash, Shares or other property pursuant thereto, as applicable, shall be subject to the achievement or attainment of one or more objective Performance Goals as determined by the Committee, using one or more Performance Measures also as determined by the Committee. Such Performance Goals shall be established by the Committee no later than 90 days after the beginning of the Performance Period to which the Performance Goals pertain and while the attainment of the Performance Goals is substantially uncertain, and in any event no later than the date on which 25% of the Performance Period has elapsed.

(c)    Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan (other than Section 11 or 15), with respect to any Award that is subject to this Section 14, the Committee may adjust downwards, but not upwards, the amount payable pursuant to such Award, and the Committee may not waive the achievement of the applicable Performance Goals except in the case of the death or disability of the Participant.

(d)    The Committee shall have the power to impose such other restrictions on Awards subject to this Section 14 as it may deem necessary or appropriate to ensure that such Awards satisfy all requirements for “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of Section 162(m)(4)(C) of the Code, or any successor provision thereto. Whenever the Committee determines that it is advisable to grant or pay Awards that do not qualify as Qualified Performance-Based Awards, the Committee may make grants or payments without satisfying the requirements of Code Section 162(m).

(e)    Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan other than Section 16, commencing with calendar year 2005, (i) no Participant may be granted in any twelve (12) month period an aggregate amount of Options and/or Stock Appreciation Rights with respect to more than 400,000 Shares, and (ii) no Participant may be granted in any twelve (12) month period an aggregate amount of Restricted Stock Awards, Restricted Stock Unit Awards, Performance Awards or Other Stock Unit Awards, with respect to more than 400,000 Shares (or cash amounts based on the value of more than 400,000 Shares).

(f)    Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan other than Section 16, commencing with calendar year 2015, no non-employee director of the Company may be granted in any twelve (12) month period an aggregate amount of equity having a value of more than $400,000 on the date of grant, under this Plan or any other equity compensation plan sponsored by the Company.

Exhibit 10.2

15.    Alteration, Termination, Discontinuance, Suspension, and Amendment.

(a)    The Committee or the Board may amend, alter, suspend, discontinue or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof at any time; provided that no such amendment, alteration, suspension, discontinuation or termination shall be made without (i) stockholder approval if such approval is necessary to qualify for or comply with any tax or regulatory requirement for which or with which the Committee or Board deems it necessary or desirable to qualify or comply; or (ii) the consent of the affected Participant, if such action would impair the rights of such Participant under any outstanding Award. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Committee or the Board may make technical amendments to the Plan as may be necessary so as to have the Plan conform to any Legal Requirements in any jurisdiction within or outside the United States, so long as stockholder approval of such technical amendments is not required.

(b)    The Committee or Board may amend the terms of any outstanding Award, prospectively or retroactively, except to the extent that such action would cause an Award subject to Section 14 not to qualify for the exemption from the limitation on deductibility imposed by Section 162(m)(4)(c) of the Code, and except that no such amendment shall impair the rights of any Participant without his or her consent. Subject to the requirements of paragraph (c) below, the Committee or Board may, without the consent of the Participant, amend any Grant Documents evidencing an Option or Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Plan, or otherwise take action, to accelerate the time or times at which an Option or Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised; to waive any other condition or restriction applicable to an Award or to the exercise of an Option or Stock Appreciation Right; to amend the definition of a change in control of the Company (if such a definition is contained in such Grant Documents) to expand the events that would result in a change in control and to add a change in control provision to such Grant Documents (if such provision is not contained in such Grant Documents); and may amend any such Grant Documents in any other respect with the consent of the Participant.

(c)    If an amendment would (i) materially increase the benefits to participants under the Plan, (ii) increase the aggregate number of Shares that may be issued under the Plan, or (iii) materially modify the requirements for participation in the Plan by materially increasing the class or number of persons eligible to participate in the Plan, then such amendment shall be subject to stockholder approval.

(d)    If required by any Legal Requirement, any amendment to the Plan or any Award will also be submitted to and approved by the requisite vote of the stockholders of the Company. If any Legal Requirement requires the Plan to be amended, or in the event any Legal Requirement is amended or supplemented (e.g., by addition of alternative rules) to permit the Company to remove or lessen any restrictions on or with respect to an Award, the Board and the Committee each reserve the right to amend the Plan or any Grant Documents evidencing an Award to the extent of any such requirement, amendment or supplement, and all Awards then outstanding will be subject to such amendment.

(e)    Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, the Committee or the Board may not, without prior approval of the stockholders of the Company, reprice any outstanding Option and/or Stock Appreciation Rights by either lowering the Exercise Price thereof or canceling such outstanding Option and/or Stock Appreciation Rights in consideration of a grant having a lower Exercise Price or in exchange for awards or cash considerations. This paragraph 15(e) is intended to prohibit the repricing of “underwater” Options without prior stockholder approval and shall not be construed to prohibit the adjustments provided for in Section 16 hereof.

(f)    The Plan may be terminated at any time by action of the Board. The termination of the Plan will not adversely affect the terms of any outstanding Award.

17

Exhibit 10.2

16. Adjustment of Shares; Effect of Certain Transactions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event of any change affecting the Shares subject to the Plan or any Award (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, other securities or other property), stock split, split-up, split-off, spin-off, combination of shares, exchange of shares, issuance of rights to subscribe, or other change in capital structure of the Company), appropriate adjustments or substitutions shall be made by the Committee or the Board as to the (i) Total Shares subject to the Plan, (ii) maximum number of Shares for which Awards may be granted to any one Associate, (iii) number of Shares and price per Share subject to outstanding Awards, and (iv) class of shares of stock that may be delivered under the Plan and/or each outstanding Award, as shall be equitable to prevent dilution or enlargement of rights under previously granted Awards. The determination of the Committee or Board as to these matters shall be conclusive; provided, however, that (i) any such adjustment with respect to an Incentive Stock Option and any related Stock Appreciation Right shall comply with the rules of Section 424(a) of the Code; and (ii) in no event shall any adjustment be made which would disqualify any Incentive Stock Option granted hereunder as an Incentive Stock Option for purposes of Section 422 of the Code.

17.    General Provisions.

(a)    No Associate or Participant shall have any claim to be granted any Award under the Plan, and there is no obligation for uniformity of treatment of Associates or Participants under the Plan.

(b)    Except to the extent that such action would cause an Award subject to Section 14 not to qualify for the exemption from the limitation on deductibility imposed by Section 162(m)(4)(c) of the Code, the Committee or Board shall be authorized to make adjustments in performance award criteria or in the terms and conditions of other Awards in recognition of unusual or nonrecurring events affecting the Company or its financial statements or changes in applicable laws, regulations or accounting principles. The Committee or Board may correct any defect, supply any omission, or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or any Award in the manner and to the extent it shall deem desirable to carry it into effect. In the event the Company shall assume outstanding employee benefit awards or the right or obligation to make future such awards in connection with the acquisition of or combination with another corporation or business entity, the Committee or Board may, in their discretion, make such adjustments in the terms of Awards under the Plan as it shall deem appropriate.

(c)    All certificates for Shares delivered under the Plan pursuant to any Award shall be subject to such stock transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee or Board may deem advisable under the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange upon which the Shares are then listed, and any applicable state or Federal securities law, and the Committee or Board may cause a legend or legends to be put on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.

(d)    No Award granted hereunder shall be construed as an offer to sell securities of the Company, and no such offer shall be outstanding, unless and until the Committee or the Board in their sole discretion has determined that any such offer, if made, would be in compliance with all applicable requirements of the U.S. Federal securities laws and any other Legal Requirements to which such offer, if made, would be subject.

(e)    The Committee or the Board shall be authorized to establish procedures pursuant to which the payment of any Award may be deferred.

Exhibit 10.2

(f)    The Company shall be authorized to withhold from any Award granted or payment due under the Plan the amount of withholding taxes due in respect of an Award or payment hereunder and to take such other action as may be necessary in the opinion of the Plan administrator to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such taxes, not to exceed the statutory minimum withholding obligation. The Committee or Board shall be authorized to establish procedures for election by Participants to satisfy such obligations for the payment of such taxes (i) by delivery of or transfer of Shares to the Company, (ii) with the consent of the Committee or the Board, by directing the Company to retain Shares otherwise deliverable in connection with the Award, (iii) by payment in cash of the amount to be withheld, or (iv) by withholding from any cash compensation otherwise due to the Participant.

(g)    Nothing contained in this Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, subject to stockholder approval if required, and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.

(h)    The validity, construction, and effect of the Plan and any rules and regulations relating to the Plan shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the state of Delaware and applicable Federal law.

(i)    If any provision of this Plan is or becomes or is deemed invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, or would disqualify the Plan or any Award under any law deemed applicable by the Committee or the Board, such provision shall be construed or deemed amended to conform to applicable law, or if it cannot be construed or deemed amended without, in the determination of the Committee or the Board, materially altering the intent of the Plan, it shall be stricken, and the remainder of the Plan shall remain in full force and effect.

(j)    Awards may be granted to Participants who are foreign nationals or employed outside the United States, or both, on such terms and conditions different from those applicable to Awards to Employees employed in the United States as may, in the judgment of the Committee or the Board, be necessary or desirable in order to recognize differences in local law or tax policy. The Committee or Board also may impose conditions on the exercise or vesting of Awards in order to minimize the Company’s obligations with respect to tax equalization for Associates on assignments outside their home country.

(k)    No Award shall be granted or exercised if the grant of the Award or the exercise and the issuance of shares or other consideration pursuant thereto would be contrary to the Legal Requirements of any duly constituted authority having jurisdiction.

(l)    The Plan will not confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuance of employment or other service with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliated Company, nor will it interfere in any way with any right the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliated Company would otherwise have to terminate a Participant’s employment or other service at any time.

(m)    Employees and directors of the Company and its Subsidiaries who are based in the United Kingdom may be granted Awards pursuant to the terms of the UK Addendum. Grants made pursuant to the UK Addendum shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, unless otherwise provided in the UK Addendum.

19

Exhibit 10.2

Schedule A

UK Addendum

1. Purpose and eligibility

The purpose of this addendum to the Plan (the "UK Addendum") is to enable the Board to grant Awards to certain employees and directors of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the "Company") and its Subsidiaries who are based in the United Kingdom. Awards (which will be unapproved for UK tax purposes) may only be granted under the UK Addendum to employees and directors of the Company and its Subsidiaries. Awards granted pursuant to the UK Addendum are granted pursuant to an "employees' share scheme" for the purposes of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

2. Definitions

Definitions are as contained in Section 2 of the Plan, with the following additions, amendments or substitutions:

(a)    The definition of "Associate" shall be deleted and the word "Employee" shall be substituted therefor throughout the Plan.

(b)    "Control" (for the purposes of the definition of "Subsidiary", below) has the meaning contained in section 995 Income Tax Act 2007.

(c)    "Employee" shall mean any employee or director of the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(d)    "HMRC" means the UK HM Revenue & Customs.

(e)    "ITEPA" means the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003.

(f)    "PAYE" means the UK Pay-As-You-Earn income tax withholding system governed by the Income Tax (PAYE) Regulations 2003.

(g)    "Service" means service as an Employee, subject to such further limitations as may be set forth in the applicable Stock Option Agreement or Restricted Share Agreement. Service shall be deemed to continue during a bona fide leave of absence approved by the Company in writing if and to the extent that continued crediting of Service for purposes of the Plan is expressly required by the terms of such leave or by applicable law, as determined by the Company. The Company determines which leaves count toward Service, and when Service terminates for all purposes under the Plan.

(h)    The definition of "Subsidiary" shall be restated in its entirety as follows: “Subsidiary” shall mean a company (wherever incorporated) which for the time being is under the Control of the Company.

3. Terms

Awards granted pursuant to the UK Addendum shall be governed by the terms of the Plan, subject to any such amendments set out below and as are necessary to give effect to Section 1 of the UK Addendum, and by the terms of the individual Award Agreement entered into between the Company and the Participant.

4. Participation

For the purpose of granting awards pursuant to the Plan to UK Employees only, the Plan shall be amended by the substitution of the word "Employee" for the word "Associate" throughout.

1

Exhibit 10.2

5. Non-transferability of Awards

An Award granted pursuant to the UK Addendum may not be transferred other than by the laws of intestacy on death of the Participant.

6. Withholding obligations

6.1     The Participant shall be accountable for any income tax and, subject to the following provisions, national insurance liability which is chargeable on any assessable income deriving from the exercise of, or other dealing in, the Award. In respect of such assessable income the Participant shall indemnify the Company and (at the direction of the Company) any Subsidiary which is or may be treated as the employer of the Participant in respect of the following (together, the "Tax Liabilities"):

(a)    any income tax liability which falls to be paid to HMRC by the Company (or the relevant employing Subsidiary) under the PAYE system as it applies to income tax under ITEPA and the PAYE regulations referred to in it; and

(b)    any national insurance liability which falls to be paid to HMRC by the Company (or the relevant employing Subsidiary) under the PAYE system as it applies for national insurance purposes under the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 and regulations referred to in it, such national insurance liability being the aggregate of:

(i)    all the Employee's primary Class 1 national insurance contributions; and

(ii)    all the employer's secondary Class 1 national insurance contributions.

6.2    Pursuant to the indemnity referred to in clause 6.1, the Participant shall make such arrangements as the Company requires to meet the cost of the Tax Liabilities, including at the direction of the Company any of the following:

(a)    making a cash payment of an appropriate amount to the relevant company whether by cheque, banker's draft or deduction from salary in time to enable the company to remit such amount to HMRC before the 14th day following the end of the month in which the event giving rise to the Tax Liabilities occurred; or

(b)    appointing the Company as agent and/or attorney for the sale of sufficient Shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of, or other dealing in, the Award to cover the Tax Liabilities and authorising the payment to the relevant company of the appropriate amount (including all reasonable fees, commissions and expenses incurred by the relevant company in relation to such sale) out of the net proceeds of sale of the Shares;

(c)    entering into an election whereby the employer's liability for secondary Class 1 national insurance contributions is transferred to the Participant on terms set out in the election and approved by HMRC.

Exhibit 10.2

7. Section 431 Election

Where the Shares to be acquired on the exercise of, or other dealing in, the Award are considered to be "restricted securities" for the purposes of the UK tax legislation (such determination to be at the sole discretion of the Company), it is a condition of exercise or acquisition of the Shares that the Participant if so directed by the Company enter into a joint election with the Company or, if different, the relevant Subsidiary employing the Participant pursuant to section 431 ITEPA electing that the market value of the Shares to be acquired on the exercise of, or other dealing in, the Award be calculated as if the Shares were not "restricted securities".

Adopted by the Compensation Committee on February 14, 2012

3

EX-10.31

Exhibit 10.31

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

NOTICE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AND

RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT

(California Employees)

%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-%	Award Number:	%%OPTION_NUMBER%-%
%%ADDRESS_LINE_1%-%	Plan:	2005
%%ADDRESS_LINE_2%-%
%%CITY%-%, %%STATE%-% %%ZIPCODE%-%
%%COUNTRY%-%

Effective as of %%OPTION_DATE,’MM/DD/YYYY’%-% (“Award Date”), pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Plan”), you have been granted an award of %%TOTAL_SHARES_GRANTED,'999,999,999'%-% Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), with each RSU representing the right to receive one share of the Common Stock of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) upon vesting. Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (the “Notice”), the Terms and Conditions of Restricted Stock Unit Award attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Terms and Conditions”), any special terms and conditions for your country set forth in the appendix attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Appendix”), or any other exhibits or annexes to these documents (all together, the “Agreement”) have the meanings given to them in the Plan.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement, and any severance or change in control policy of the Company, if any, the RSUs will vest on the following schedule, subject to you continuing to be an Associate through the applicable vesting date:

Vest Date

Shares

%%VEST_DATE_PERIOD1,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD2,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD3,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD4,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD5,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD6,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD7,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD8,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD9,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD10,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD11,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD12,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD13,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD14,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD15,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD16,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%

%%SHARES_PERIOD1,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD2,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD3,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD4,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD5,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD6,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD7,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD8,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD9,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD10,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD11,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD12,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD13,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD14,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD15,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD16,’999,999,999’%-%

All vesting will be rounded to the nearest whole RSU, and any fractional RSUs will be accumulated and vested on the date that an accumulated full RSU is vested.

1

Exhibit 10.31

If you cease to be an Associate for any or no reason before you fully vest in the RSUs, the unvested RSUs will terminate according to the terms of Section 5 of the Terms and Conditions.

This RSU Agreement and applicable Plan is offered to you by LiveRamp as an additional benefit and is not required as a condition of employment.You may voluntarily accept this RSU Agreement and terms of the Plan by logging into your E*Trade account and electronically accepting this award.By doing so, you acknowledge and agree that:

i.This award of RSUs is subject to the terms and conditions as described within this Agreement and the Plan that are being provided to you electronically, including their exhibits and appendices, if any.

ii.You understand that the Company is not providing any tax,legal, or financial advice and is not making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan or your acquisition or sale of Shares.

iii.You have reviewed the Plan and this Agreement, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of personal tax, legal, and financial advisors prior to accepting this award, and fully understand all provisions of this Agreement and the Plan.You will consult with your own personal tax, legal, and financial advisors before taking any action related to the Plan.

iv.You have read and agree to each provision of Section 10 of the Terms and Conditions.

v.You will notify the Company of any change to the contact address above.

IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT ON OR PRIOR TO THE FIRST DATE ANY PORTION OF THESE RSUS VEST, NO RSUs WILL BE GRANTED AND YOU WILL NOT BE ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PLAN. THIS AGREEMENT IS ENTIRELY VOLUNTARY ON YOUR PART AND IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE ACCEPTED BY YOU AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT.

2

Exhibit 10.31

EXHIBIT A

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD

This Agreement (including these Terms and Conditions) and the Plan constitute the entire agreement between the Company and you with regard to the RSUs pertaining to the Common Stock described in the Notice. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Notice and the Plan.

1.Grant and Acceptance of Terms. The Company grants you an award of RSUs as described in the Notice. Your acceptance and retention of the award described in the Notice, as evidenced by your electronic acceptance of this Agreement, shall constitute your acceptance of the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Plan. Your acceptance of this Agreement is entirely voluntary on your part and is not required as a condition of employment. If there is a conflict between the Plan, this Agreement, or any other agreement governing the RSUs, those documents will take precedence and prevail in the following order: (a) the Plan, (b) this Agreement, and (c) any other agreement between the Company and you governing these RSUs (provided that any applicable severance or change in control policy of the Company will apply to the RSUs).

2.Your Rights with Respect to the RSUs.

a.Company’s Obligation to Pay. Each RSU is a right to receive a Share on the date the RSU vests. Until an RSU vests, you have no right to payment of the Share. Before a vested RSU is paid, the RSU is an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the Company’s general assets. A vested RSU will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, to your estate or such other person as specified in Section 6 below) in whole Shares as soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the vesting date), subject to you satisfying any obligations for Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 9(a)(i) of these Terms and Conditions) and any delay in payment required under Section 9(b)(i) of these Terms and Conditions. You cannot specify (directly or indirectly) the taxable year of the payment of any vested RSU under this Agreement

b.Stockholder Rights. Upon vesting, the RSUs granted pursuant to the Notice will entitle you to all the rights of a stockholder of the Company’s Common Stock as to the amount of shares of Common Stock (“Shares”) currently vested. Your rights as a stockholder of the Company (including the right to vote and to receive dividends and distributions) will not begin until Shares have been issued and recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and your rights with respect to the RSUs will remain forfeitable prior to the date on which such rights become vested.

3.Vesting. Subject to Section 11 of the Plan and Section 4 of these Terms and Conditions, RSUs shall vest as set forth in the Notice. RSUs scheduled to vest on a certain date or upon the occurrence of a certain condition will not vest unless you continue to be an Associate until the time such vesting is scheduled to occur. [Notwithstanding the foregoing or any provision of this Exhibit A to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the rules of the New York Stock Exchange at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (as any such meeting may be adjourned or postponed) of an amendment to the Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan (such approval, the “Required Shareholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Shareholder Approval is not obtained for any reason (and for the sake of clarity, is not obtained before the occurrence of a vesting event described in this Agreement or the Plan, if applicable), this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the Restricted Stock Units, including any portion which had previously vested, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Shareholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of Restricted Stock Units subject to this Agreement, no shares in respect of such Restricted Stock Units shall be issued, unless and until the Required Shareholder Approval has been obtained.]1

4.Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of any RSUs at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan. In that case, those RSUs will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

1Include this clause only for those equity awards that are contingent on shareholder approval.

3

Exhibit 10.31

5.Forfeiture upon Termination. If your status as an Associate terminates for any reason, your RSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these RSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination (the “Termination Date”). The provisions of this Section 5 are subject to the provisions of Section 7 below entitled “Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.” For purposes of your RSUs, the “Termination Date” shall be considered to occur (regardless of the reason for termination of your service and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or otherwise providing services or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any) as of the date you are no longer actively providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company and shall not be extended by any notice period (e.g., your period of service will not include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or otherwise providing services, or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any).The Board shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of your RSUs (including whether you may still be considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence).

6.Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of your status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

7.Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a.If at any time during your service as an Associate you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after your Termination Date, then:

i.any unvested RSUs granted to you shall be canceled;

ii.with respect to any Shares received by you pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your Termination Date, you shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the proceeds of any sale or distribution of those Shares (the “Forfeited Shares”), or, if still held by you, the aggregate fair market value of such Forfeited Shares as of the date of vesting; and

iii.the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such Forfeited Shares any amounts owed to you by the Company.

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Associate includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b.The prohibited activities include:

i.any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to use the trade secrets of the Company to solicit, sell to, assist, divert or induce the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company with whom you have had personal contact and/or with whom you have done business while employed at any time for the Company or any Affiliated Company;

ii.disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

4

Exhibit 10.31

iii.any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any Associate in order to solicit or induce any Associate of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv.the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

v.participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vi.a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company's insider trading policies; or

vii.conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c.Upon receipt of any Shares pursuant to Section 2 of these Terms and Conditions, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

d.You may be released from your obligations under this Section 7 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e.You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 7 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry.

8.Restriction on Transfer. RSUs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of by you except as provided under the Plan, and any unauthorized purported sale, assignment, transfer, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition shall be void and unenforceable against the Company. If any RSUs are transferred, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties to this Agreement.

9.Responsibility for Taxes.

a.Tax Withholding.

i.You acknowledge that, regardless of any action taken by the Company or, if different, the Affiliated Company to which you provide services (the “Service Recipient”), the ultimate liability for all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment on account, employment tax, stamp tax or other tax-related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable or deemed applicable to you (“Tax-Related Items”) is and remains your responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld, if any, by the Company or the Service Recipient. You further acknowledge that the Company and/or the Service Recipient (1) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of the RSUs or the underlying Shares, including, but not limited to, the grant, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the subsequent sale or disposal of Shares and the receipt of any dividends; and (2) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of the RSUs to reduce or eliminate your liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result. Further, if you are subject to Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction, you acknowledge that the Company and/or the

5

Exhibit 10.31

Service Recipient (or former service recipient, as applicable) may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.

ii.Prior to the relevant taxable or tax withholding event, as applicable, you agree to make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Service Recipient to satisfy all Tax-Related Items. In this regard, you authorize and direct the Company and any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be appropriate to generate cash proceeds sufficient to satisfy any applicable withholding obligations or rights for Tax-Related Items. In the event that such withholding by sale of Shares is problematic under applicable tax or securities law or has materially adverse accounting consequences, you authorize the Company or its respective agents to satisfy any applicable withholding obligations or rights with regard to all Tax-Related Items by one or a combination of the following: (1) your payment of a cash amount (including by check representing readily available funds or a wire transfer); (2) withholding from your wages or other cash compensation paid to you by the Company and/or the Service Recipient or any Affiliated Company; (3) withholding Shares to be issued at vesting; or (4) any other arrangement approved by the Board of Directors and permitted under applicable laws.

iii.The Company may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory or other withholding rates, including minimum or maximum rates applicable in your jurisdiction(s). In the event of over-withholding, you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (with no entitlement to the equivalent in Shares), or if not refunded, you may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. In the event of under-withholding, you may be required to pay any additional Tax-Related Items directly to the applicable tax authority or to the Company and/or the Service Recipient. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in Shares, for tax purposes, you will be deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items. The Company may refuse to issue or transfer Shares, or the proceeds of the disposition of Shares, if you fail to comply with your obligations in connection with the Tax-Related Items.

b.    Code Section 409A. This Section 9(b) does not apply if you are not a U.S. income taxpayer.

i.If the vesting of any RSUs is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Associate that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(h).and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A‑1(i)(1) at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated RSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated RSUs will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

ii.If your status as an Associate terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Associate, the delay under Section 9(b)(i) of these Terms and Conditions will not apply, and these RSUs will be paid in Shares to your estate (or such other person as specified in Section 6 above) as soon as practicable.

iii.All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of these RSUs or Shares issuable upon the vesting of RSUs will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

6

Exhibit 10.31

iv.Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

10.Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your acceptance of the RSUs through the Company’s electronic or online acceptance process, or your signature on the Notice accepting these RSUs, indicates that:

a.YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THESE RSUS IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING YOUR SERVICE AS AN ASSOCIATE AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THESE RSUS WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b.YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THESE RSUS AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN ASSOCIATE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY OR SERVICE RECIPIENT TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN ASSOCIATE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

c.You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

d.You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to the Plan or these RSUs (including the Plan, this Agreement, the Plan’s prospectus, and any reports of the Company provided generally to the Company’s stockholders) to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via e-mail, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the e-mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an e-mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e-mail address by telephone, postal service or e-mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e.You may deliver any documents related to the Plan or these RSUs to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third-party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f.You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Plan and these RSUs are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

g.You agree that the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan.

h.You agree that the grant of Awards (including these RSUs) is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of restricted stock units or benefits in lieu of restricted stock units, even if restricted stock units have been granted in the past.

i.You agree that any decisions regarding future RSUs or other Awards, if any, will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j.You agree that you are voluntarily participating in the Plan.

7

Exhibit 10.31

k.You agree that these RSUs and any Shares acquired under these RSUs are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

l.You agree that these RSUs, any Shares acquired under these RSUs, and their income from and value are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, but not limited to, for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

m.You agree that the future value of the Shares underlying these RSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty.

n.Unless otherwise agreed with the Company in writing, the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not granted as consideration for, or in connection with, the service you may provide as a director of an Affiliated Company.

o.You agree that neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of these RSUs or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon such payment.

p.You have read and agree to the Data Privacy provisions of Section 11 of these Terms and Conditions.

q.You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these RSUs resulting from the termination of your status as an Associate (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or the terms of your service agreement, if any).

11.Data Privacy. If you would like to participate in the Plan, you understand that you will need to review the information provided in this Section 11 and, where applicable, declare consent to the processing and/or transfer of personal data as described below.

a.EEA+ Controller. If you are based in the European Union (“EU”), the European Economic Area or the United Kingdom (collectively “EEA+”), you should note that the Company, with its registered address at 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94014, United States of America, is the controller responsible for the processing of your personal data in connection with the Agreement and the Plan.

b.Data Collection and Usage. The Company collects, uses and otherwise processes certain personal data about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, e-mail address, date of birth, social insurance number, passport or other identification number (e.g., resident registration number), salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to shares of stock or equivalent benefits awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor, which the Company receives from you, the Service Recipient or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Plan (“Data”), for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan.

i.If you are based in the EEA+, the legal basis, where required, for the processing of Data by the Company is the necessity of the data processing for the Company to (i) perform its contractual obligations under this Agreement, (ii) comply with legal obligations established in the EEA+, or (iii) pursue the legitimate interest of complying with legal obligations established outside the EEA+.

ii.If you are based outside the EEA+, the legal basis, where required, for the processing of Data by the Company is your consent, as further described below.

8

Exhibit 10.31

c.Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. The Company transfers Data to E*TRADE Securities, LLC (“E*Trade”) an independent service provider, which is assisting the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. In the future, the Company may select a different service provider and share Data with such other provider serving in a similar manner. E*Trade will open an account for you to receive and dispose of Shares acquired under the Plan. You may be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with E*Trade, with such agreement being a condition to the ability to participate in the Plan.

d.International Data Transfers. You understand that the Company and, as of the date hereof, any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, such as E*Trade, are based in the United States. If you are located outside the United States, you understand and acknowledge that your country may have enacted data privacy laws that are different from the laws of the United States. The Company’s legal basis for the transfer of your Data, where required, is your consent.

e.Data Retention. The Company will hold and use the Data only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan, or as required to comply with legal or regulatory obligations, including under tax and securities laws.

f.Data Subject Rights. You may have a number of rights under data privacy laws in your jurisdiction. Depending on where you are based, such rights may include the right to (i) request access or copies of Data the Company processes, (ii) the rectification or amendment of incorrect or incomplete Data, (iii) the deletion of Data, (iv) request restrictions on the processing of Data, (v) object to the processing of Data for legitimate interests, (vi) the portability of Data, (vi) lodge complaints with competent authorities in your jurisdiction, and/or to (viii) receive a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Data. To receive additional information regarding these rights or to exercise these rights, you can contact the Company’s human resources department at People.Ops@LiveRamp.com.

g.Necessary Disclosure of Personal Data. You understand that providing the Company with Data is necessary for the performance of the Agreement and that your refusal to provide Data would make it impossible for the Company to perform its contractual obligations and may affect your ability to participate in the Plan.

h.Voluntariness and Consequences of Consent Denial or Withdrawal. Participation in the Plan is voluntary, and you are providing any consent referred to herein on a purely voluntary basis. You understand that you may withdraw any such consent at any time with future effect for any or no reason. If you do not consent, or if you later seek to withdraw their consent, your salary from or employment and career with the Service Recipient will not be affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing consent is that the Company would not be able to offer or grant RSUs under the Plan to you or administer or maintain the Plan. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, you should contact the Company’s human resources department at People.Ops@LiveRamp.com.

Declaration of Consent. If you are based in the EEA+, by participating in the Plan and indicating consent by signing this Agreement or via the Company’s online acceptance procedure, you explicitly declare your consent to the onward transfer of Data by the Company to E*Trade or, as the case may be, a different service provider of the Company in the United States as described in this Section 11.

If you are based outside the EEA+, by participating in the Plan and indicating consent by signing this Agreement or via the Company’s online acceptance procedure, you explicitly declare your consent to the entirety of the Data processing operations described in this Section 11 including, without limitation, the onward transfer of Data by the Company to E*Trade or, as the case may be, a different service provider of the Company in the United States.

12.Modifications to the Agreement. The Plan and this Agreement constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. You expressly warrant that you are not accepting this Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided

9

Exhibit 10.31

that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement and the Plan as provided in the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with these RSUs.

13.Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of its stock plan administrator at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 13, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered. [The parties may use e-mail delivery, so long as the message is clearly marked, sent to the e-mail addresses set forth under the signatures below, or to such other e-mail addresses as may have been furnished by such party in writing to the other, and a delivery receipt and a read receipt are made part of the message. E-mail delivery will be deemed to occur when the sender receives confirmation that such message has been received and read by the recipient.]

14.Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If the Company determines that the listing, registration, qualification, or rule compliance of the Common Stock on any securities exchange or under any state, federal, or foreign law or the tax code and related regulations or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to you (or your estate), the Company will try to meet the requirements of any such state, federal, or foreign law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority or securities exchange, but the Shares will not be issued until such conditions have been met in a manner acceptable to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend this Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of Shares.

15.Clawback. These RSUs (including any proceeds, gains or other economic benefit received by you upon its payment or the subsequent sale of Shares issued upon payment of the RSUs) will be subject to any compensation recovery or clawback policy implemented by the Company before or after the date of this Agreement. This includes any clawback policy adopted to comply with the requirements of applicable laws.

16.Administration. The Board and the Committee administer the Plan. Your rights under this Agreement are expressly subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, including continued stockholder approval of the Plan, and to any guidelines the Board or the Committee adopts from time to time.

17.Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

18.Applicable Law. The Plan, this Agreement, these RSUs, and all determinations made, and actions taken under the Plan, to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

19.Forum Selection At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final non-appealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

10

Exhibit 10.31

20.Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

21.Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

22.Imposition of Other Requirements.The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

23.Language. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language or have consulted with an advisor who is proficient in the English language, so as to enable you to understand the provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. If you have received this Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control.

24.Non-U.S. Appendix. These RSUs are subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in Exhibit B to this Agreement for your country (the “Appendix”). If you relocate to a country included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions for that country will apply to you to the extent the Company determines that applying such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Agreement.

25.Insider Trading/Market Abuse. You acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or where the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares during such times you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined in the laws or regulations in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Keep in mind third parties includes fellow employees. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under any applicable insider trading policy of the Company. You are responsible for complying with any restrictions and should speak to your personal advisor on this matter.

26.Exchange Control, Foreign Asset/Account and/or Tax Reporting. Depending upon the country to which laws you are subject, you may have certain foreign asset/account and/or tax reporting requirements that may affect your ability to acquire or hold Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including from any dividends or sale proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage or bank account outside your country of residence. Your country may require that you report such accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in your country. You also may be required to repatriate cash received from participating in the Plan to your country within a certain period of time after receipt. You are responsible for knowledge of and compliance with any such regulations and should speak with your personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding same.

11

Exhibit 10.31

EXHIBIT B

APPENDIX TO RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT

Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Appendix shall have the same meanings given to them in the Notice, the Terms and Conditions and the Plan.

Terms and Conditions

This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern these RSUs granted to you under the Plan if you reside and/or work in one of the countries listed below.If you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working and/or residing, transfer to another country after the Award Date or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, the Company shall, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the special terms and conditions contained herein apply to you.

Notifications

This Appendix also includes information regarding exchange controls, securities laws and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to participation in the Plan.The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other applicable laws in effect in the respective countries as of August 2020.Such applicable laws are often complex and change frequently.As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you vest in the RSUs or sell Shares acquired under the Plan.

In addition, the information contained in this Appendix is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result.You should seek appropriate professional advice as to how the applicable laws in your country may apply to your situation.

Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, transfer employment after these RSUs are granted, transfer to another country after the Award Date, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, the notifications in this Appendix may not apply to you in the same manner.

Countries

Australia

Terms and Conditions

Tax Information. The Plan is a plan to which Subdivision 83A-C of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) applies (subject to conditions in the Act).

Notifications

Australia Offer Document. The offer of the RSUs is intended to comply with the provisions of the Corporations Act 2001, ASIC Regulatory Guide 49 and ASIC Class Order CO 14/1000. Additional details are set forth in the Offer Document for the Offer of Restricted Stock Units to Australian Resident Employees, a copy of which is attached to the end of this section for Australia as Annex 1.

12

Exhibit 10.31

ANNEX 1

OFFER DOCUMENT

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

OFFER OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

TO AUSTRALIAN RESIDENT EMPLOYEES

The Company is pleased to provide you with this offer to participate in the Plan. This offer sets out information regarding the grant of RSUs to Australian resident employees of the Company and its Affiliated Companies (“Australian Participants”). This information is provided by the Company to ensure compliance of the Plan with Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”) Class Order 14/1000 and relevant provisions of the Corporations Act 2001.

In addition to the information set out in the Agreement and the Appendix, Australian Participants are also being provided with copies of the following documents:

a.the Plan; and

b.the Plan prospectus; and

c.Employee Information Supplement for Australia (collectively, the “Additional Documents”).

The Additional Documents provide further information to help Australian Participants make an informed investment decision about participating in the Plan. Neither the Plan nor the Plan prospectus is a prospectus for the purposes of the Corporations Act 2001.

Australian Participants should not rely upon any oral statements made in relation to this offer. Australian Participants should rely only upon the statements contained in the Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Additional Documents when considering participation in the Plan.

Securities Law Notification. Investment in Shares involves a degree of risk. Eligible employees who elect to participate in the Plan should monitor their participation and consider all risk factors relevant to the acquisition of Shares under the Plan as set forth below and in the Additional Documents.

The information herein is general information only. It is not advice or information that takes into account Australian Participants’ objectives, financial situation and needs.

Australian Participants should consider obtaining their own financial product advice from a person who is licensed by ASIC to give such advice.

Additional Risk Factors for Australian Residents. Australian Participants should have regard to risk factors relevant to investment in securities generally and, in particular, to holding Shares. For example, the price at which an individual Share is quoted on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) may increase or decrease due to a number of factors. There is no guarantee that the price of a Share will increase. Factors that may affect the price of an individual Share include fluctuations in the domestic and international market for listed stocks, general economic conditions, including interest rates, inflation rates, commodity and oil prices, changes to government fiscal, monetary or regulatory policies, legislation or regulation, the nature of the markets in which the Company operates and general operational and business risks.

More information about potential factors that could affect the Company’s business and financial results will be included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Copies of these reports are available at http://www.sec.gov/, on the Company’s investor’s page at https://investors.liveramp.com/home/default.aspx, and upon request to the Company.

13

Exhibit 10.31

In addition, Australian Participants should be aware that the Australian dollar (“AUD”) value of any Shares acquired under the Plan will be affected by the USD/AUD exchange rate. Participation in the Plan involves certain risks related to fluctuations in this rate of exchange.

Common Stock in a U.S. Corporation. Common stock of a U.S. corporation is analogous to ordinary shares of an Australian corporation. Each holder of a Share is entitled to one vote. Dividends may be paid on the Shares out of any funds of the Company legally available for dividends at the discretion of the Board. Further, Shares are not liable to any further calls for payment of capital or for other assessment by the Company and have no sinking fund provisions, pre-emptive rights, conversion rights or redemption provisions.

Ascertaining the Market Price of Shares. Australian Participants may ascertain the current market price of an individual Share as traded on the NYSE under the symbol “RAMP” at: https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:RAMP. The AUD equivalent of that price can be obtained at: https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/frequency/exchange-rates.html.

Please note that this is not a prediction of what the market price of the Shares will be on any applicable Vest Date or when Shares are issued to Australian Participants (or at any other time), or of the applicable exchange rate at such time.

14

Exhibit 10.31

China

Terms and Conditions

The following terms and conditions will apply to you to the extent that the Company, in its discretion, determines that your participation in the Plan will be subject to exchange control restrictions in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), as implemented by the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”):

Vesting Schedule and Settlement. The following provision supplements the vesting schedule in the Notice and Section 2 (“Your Right with Respect to the RSUs”) and Section 3 (“Vesting”) of the Terms and Conditions:

In addition to any other vesting and settlement conditions, the RSUs will not vest and no Shares (or cash equivalent) will be delivered to you unless and until all necessary approvals from the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) or its relevant branch have been received and remain effective, as determined by the Company in its sole discretion.

If Shares are delivered to you pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Terms and Conditions, the Company reserves the right to require you to sell all Shares, either immediately upon receipt of such Shares or upon termination of your service or at such other time determined by the Company to be necessary or desirable to facilitate the administration of the Plan or compliance with exchange control requirements in the PRC.

In this regard, you agree that the Company is authorized to instruct its designated broker, E*Trade, to assist with any such mandatory sale of Shares (on your behalf pursuant to this authorization), and you expressly authorize E*Trade (or any other designated broker) to complete the sale of such Shares. You also agree to sign any agreements, forms and/or consents that may be reasonably requested by the Company (or the designated broker) to effectuate the sale of the Shares (including, without limitation, as to the transfers of the proceeds and other exchange control matters noted below) and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company with respect to such matters, provided that you shall not be permitted to exercise any influence over how, when or whether the sales occur. You acknowledge that the designated broker is under no obligation to arrange for the sale of the Shares at any particular price. Due to fluctuations in the Share price and/or applicable exchange rates between the date the Shares are delivered to you and (if later) the date on which the Shares are sold, the amount of proceeds ultimately distributed to you may be more or less than the market value of the Shares on the applicable Vest Date or the date the Shares are issued to you.

Upon the sale of the Shares, the cash proceeds from the sale (less any applicable Tax-Related Items, brokerage fees or commissions) will be delivered to you in accordance with applicable exchange control laws and regulations.

Exchange Control Obligations. Following the sale of the Shares, you must comply with any exchange control requirements. If you reside in the PRC, you may be required to repatriate to the PRC all funds related to participation in the Plan, and such repatriation may need to be effected through a special exchange control account established by the Company or its Affiliated Company in the PRC. In such circumstances, you agree that any funds related to participation in the Plan may be transferred to such special account prior to being delivered to you.

The funds may be paid to you in U.S. dollars or in local currency, at the Company’s discretion. If the funds are paid in U.S. dollars, you will be required to set up a U.S. dollar bank account in the PRC so that the funds may be deposited into this account. If the funds are paid in local currency, neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is under an obligation to secure any particular currency conversion rate and there may be delays in converting the funds into local currency due to exchange control requirements in the PRC. You will bear any currency fluctuation risk between the time the Shares are sold (or any other funds related to participation in the Plan

are realized) and the time the funds are converted into local currency and distributed to you.

You agree to comply with any other requirements that may be imposed by the Company in the future to facilitate compliance with PRC exchange control requirements.

15

Exhibit 10.31

France

Terms and Conditions

RSU Type. The RSUs are not intended to qualify for specific tax or social security treatment in France.

Language Consent. By accepting the grant of the RSUs, you confirm having read and understood the documents related to the grant (the Notice, the Agreement and the Plan), which were provided in the English language. You accept the terms of those documents accordingly.

Consentement Relatif à la Langue.En acceptant l’attribution du droit sur des actions assujetti à des restrictions (“RSUs”), vous confirmez avoir lu et compris les documents relatifs à l’attribution (l’Avis, le Contrat et le Plan) qui ont été fournis en langue anglaise. Vous acceptez les dispositions de ces documents en connaissance de cause.

Notifications

Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Notification.French residents may hold Shares acquired under the Plan outside France, provided they declare all foreign accounts, whether open, current, or closed, in their income tax return.

Japan

Notifications

Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Notification. Details of any assets held outside Japan (including Shares acquired under the Plan) as of December 31 of each year must be reported to the tax authorities on an annual basis, to the extent such assets have a total net fair market value exceeding ¥50 million. Such report is due by March 15 each year. You should consult your personal tax advisor to determine if the reporting obligation applies to you and whether you will be required to include details of your outstanding RSUs, as well as Shares, in the report.

Netherlands

There are no country-specific provisions.

Singapore

Notifications

Securities Law Notification. The RSUs are being granted pursuant to the “Qualifying Person” exemption under section 273(1)(f) of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289, 2006 Ed.) (“SFA”). The Plan has not been and will not be lodged or registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Hence, statutory liability under the SFA in relation to the content of prospectuses will not apply. You should note that the RSUs are subject to section 257 of the SFA and hence the RSUs may not be offered or sold, or made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore, unless such offer, sale or invitation is made (i) more than six (6) months from the Award Date, (ii) pursuant to the exemptions under Part XIII Division 1 Subdivision (4) (other than section 280) of the SFA, or (iii) pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provisions of the SFA.

In addition, you are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares takes place outside Singapore through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”).

Director Notification Requirement. If you are a director, alternate director, substitute director or shadow director of a Singapore Affiliated Company, you must notify the Singapore Affiliated Company in writing within two (2) business days of (i) becoming the registered holder of or acquiring an interest (e.g., RSUs, Shares, etc.) in the Company or any Affiliated Company, or becoming a director, alternate director, substitute director or shadow director (as the case may be), whichever occurs last, or (ii) any change in a previously disclosed interest (e.g., sale of Shares).

16

Exhibit 10.31

United Kingdom

Terms and Conditions

Responsibility for Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 9 (“Responsibility for Taxes”) of the Terms and Conditions:

You agree to indemnify the Company and/or the Service Recipient for all Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other relevant authority) on your behalf and authorize the Company and/or the Service Recipient to recover such amounts by any of the means set out in Section 9 of the Terms and Conditions. You also agree to be liable for any Tax-Related Items related to the RSUs and legally applicable to you, and hereby covenant to pay any such Tax-Related items as and when requested by the Company, the Service Recipient or by HMRC (or any other relevant authority).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are an executive officer or director (as within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), the terms of the immediately foregoing provision will not apply. In the event that you are an executive officer or director and the income tax is not collected from or paid by you within ninety (90) days of the end of the U.K. tax year in which an event giving rise to the indemnification described above occurs, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You acknowledge that you will be responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to the HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Service Recipient, as applicable, for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit.

17

EX-10.32

Exhibit 10.32

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

NOTICE OF PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD AND

PERFORMANCE UNIT AGREEMENT

(California Employees)

FIRST NAME LAST NAM		Award Number:		OPTION NUMBER
ADDRESS LINE		Plan:		EQUITY PLAN
ADDRESS LINE
CITY	STATE		ZIP CODE
COUNTRY

Effective as of OPTION DATE, ‘MM/DD/YYYY’ (“Award Date”), pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Plan”), you have been granted an award of TOTAL SHARES GRANTED, ‘999,999,999’.Performance Units (“PSUs”), with each PSU representing the right to receive one share of the common stock of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Company”) upon vesting. Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Notice of Performance Unit Award and Performance Unit Agreement (the “Notice”), the Terms and Conditions of Performance Unit Award, the Addendum to Performance Unit Award (the “Addendum”) or any of the exhibits to these documents (all together, the “Agreement”) have the meanings given to them in the Plan.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement, and the applicable vesting acceleration provisions of any service agreement between you and the Company or any severance or change in control policy of the Company, if any, the PSUs will be eligible to vest pursuant to the satisfaction of the service-based and performance-based vesting components set forth in the Addendum, subject to you continuing to be an Associate through the applicable vesting date.

If agreed to by the Company in the Definitive Agreements (as defined below), upon the occurrence of a Change in Control Event, the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity) may assume or substitute for the PSUs. Upon the occurrence of a Change in Control Event, the Performance Period, as defined in the Addendum, will be truncated, and a number of PSUs will become eligible to vest (the “Eligible PSUs”) based on the degree of achievement of performance objectives (as set forth in the Addendum) as of the date of the Change in Control Event (such date, the “Change in Control Date”). Eligible PSUs will be treated as unvested Restricted Stock Units under the Plan subject to a service-based vesting schedule, and if assumed or substituted for by the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity) in accordance with the terms of the definitive agreements relating to the Change in Control (the “Definitive Agreements”), will convert into restricted stock units (or other compensatory arrangements) of equal value to be settled in cash or shares (determined in accordance with the Definitive Agreements) by the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity), as applicable (the “Assumed Eligible PSUs”). In the event you remain an Associate through the end of the applicable performance period (such date, the “Performance Period End Date”), the Assumed Eligible PSUs will become fully vested and will be settled within thirty (30) days of the Performance Period End Date. Subject to any vesting acceleration arising from another written agreement or policy between you and the Company, in the event your status as an Associate

1

Exhibit 10.32

terminates for any reason before the Performance Period End Date, your Assumed Eligible Performance Units will be immediately forfeited.

All vesting will be rounded to the nearest whole PSU, and any fractional PSUs will be accumulated and vested on the date that an accumulated full PSU is vested.

If you cease to be an Associate for any or no reason before you fully vest in the PSUs, or if certain performance objectives are not satisfied and the Addendum provides that unvested PSUs will terminate to the extent that such performance objectives are not satisfied, the unvested PSUs will terminate according to the terms of Section 5 of this Agreement.

This PSU Agreement and applicable Plan is offered to you by LiveRamp as an additional benefit and is not required as a condition of employment. You may voluntarily accept this PSU Agreement and terms of the Plan by logging into your E*Trade account and electronically accepting this award. By doing so, you acknowledge and agree that:

i.    This award of PSUs is subject to the terms and conditions as described within this Agreement and the Plan that are being provided to you electronically, including their exhibits and appendices, if any.

ii.    You understand that the Company is not providing any tax, legal, or financial advice and is not making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan or your acquisition or sale of Shares.

iii.    You have reviewed the Plan and this Agreement, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of personal tax, legal, and financial advisors prior to accepting this award, and fully understand all provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. You will consult with your own personal tax, legal, and financial advisors before taking any action related to the Plan.

iv.    You have read and agree to each provision of Section 10 of this Agreement.

v.    You will notify the Company of any change to the contact address above.

IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT ON OR PRIOR TO THE FIRST DATE ANY PORTION OF THESE PSUS VEST, NO PSUs WILL BE GRANTED AND YOU WILL NOT BE ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PLAN. THIS AGREEMENT IS ENTIRELY VOLUNTARY ON YOUR PART AND IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE ACCEPTED BY YOU AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT.

2

Exhibit 10.32

EXHIBIT A

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD

This Agreement and the Plan constitute the entire agreement between the Company and you with regard to the PSUs pertaining to the Common Stock described in the Notice.

1.    Grant and Acceptance of Terms. The Company grants you an award of PSUs as described in the Notice. Your acceptance and retention of the award described in the Notice, as evidenced by your electronic acceptance of this Agreement, shall constitute your acceptance of the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Plan. Your acceptance of this Agreement is entirely voluntary on your part and is not required as a condition of employment. If there is a conflict between the Plan, this Agreement, or any other agreement governing the PSUs, those documents will take precedence and prevail in the following order: (a) the Plan, (b) this Agreement, and (c) any other agreement between the Company and you governing these PSUs (provided that any applicable vesting acceleration arising from a service agreement between you and the Company or a severance or change in control policy of the Company will apply to the PSUs).

2.    Your Rights with Respect to the PSUs.

a.    Company’s Obligation to Pay. Each PSU is a right to receive a Share on the date it vests. Until an PSU vests, you have no right to payment of the Share. Before a vested PSU is paid, the PSU is an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the Company’s general assets. A vested PSU will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, to your estate or such other person as specified in Section 6 below) in whole Shares as soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the vesting date), subject to you satisfying any obligations for Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 9(a)(i) of this Agreement) and any delay in payment required under Section 9(b)(i) of this Agreement. You cannot specify (directly or indirectly) the taxable year of the payment of any vested PSU under this Agreement.

b.    Stockholder Rights. Upon vesting, the PSUs granted pursuant to the Notice will entitle you to the all the rights of a stockholder of the Company’s Common Stock as to the amount of shares of Common Stock (“Shares”) currently vested. Your rights as a stockholder of the Company (including the right to vote and to receive dividends and distributions) will not begin until Shares have been issued and recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and your rights with respect to the PSUs will remain forfeitable prior to the date on which such rights become vested.

3.    Vesting. Subject to Section 11 of the Plan and Section 4 of this Agreement, PSUs shall vest as set forth in the Notice and the Addendum. PSUs scheduled to vest on a certain date or upon the occurrence of a certain condition will not vest unless you continue to be an Associate until the time such vesting is scheduled to occur.[Notwithstanding the foregoing or any provision of this Exhibit A to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the rules of the New York Stock Exchange at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (as any such meeting may be adjourned or postponed) of an amendment to the Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the

3

Exhibit 10.32

Plan (such approval, the “Required Shareholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Shareholder Approval is not obtained for any reason (and for the sake of clarity, is not obtained before the occurrence of a vesting event described in this Agreement or the Plan, if applicable), this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the PSUs, including any portion which had previously vested, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Shareholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of PSUs subject to this Agreement, no shares in respect of such PSUs shall be issued, unless and until the Required Shareholder Approval has been obtained.]1

4.    Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of any PSUs at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan. In that case, those PSUs will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

5.    Forfeiture upon Termination or Failure to Satisfy Performance Objectives. If your status as an Associate terminates for any reason, your PSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these PSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination. The Addendum may also provide that, upon the failure to achieve certain performance objectives, your PSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these PSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon a specified date. The provisions of this Section 5 are subject to the provisions of Section 7 below entitled “Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.”

6.    Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of your status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

7.    Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a.    If at any time during your service as an Associate you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after the effective date of your termination, then

i.    any unvested PSUs granted to you shall be canceled;

ii.    with respect to any Shares received by you pursuant the settlement of the PSUs within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your termination date, you shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the proceeds of any sale or distribution of those Shares (the “Forfeited Shares”), or, if still held by you, the aggregate fair market value of such Forfeited Shares as of the date of vesting; and

iii.    the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such Forfeited Shares any amounts owed to you by the Company.

1Include this clause only for those equity awards that are contingent on shareholder approval

4

Exhibit 10.32

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Associate includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b.    The prohibited activities include:

i.    accepting employment with or serving as a consultant, advisor or in any other capacity to anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company;

ii.    disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

iii.    any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any Associate in order to solicit or induce any Associate of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv.    any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use the trade secrets of the Company to solicit the trade or business of any current or prospective customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company;

v.    the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

vi.    participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vii.    a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company’s insider trading policies; or

viii.    conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c.    Upon receipt of any Shares pursuant to Section 2 of this Agreement, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

5

Exhibit 10.32

d.    You may be released from your obligations under this Section 7 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e.    You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 7 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry.

8.    Restriction on Transfer. PSUs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of by you except as provided under the Plan, and any unauthorized purported sale, assignment, transfer, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition shall be void and unenforceable against the Company. If any PSUs are transferred, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties to this Agreement.

9.    Tax Obligations.

a.    Tax Withholding.

i.    No Shares will be issued to you until you make satisfactory arrangements (as determined by the Board or the Committee) for the payment of Tax Withholdings, payment on account or other tax-related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you that the Board or the Committee determines must be withheld (“Tax-Related Items”), including those that result from the grant, vesting, or payment of the PSUs, the subsequent sale of Shares acquired pursuant to such payment, or the receipt of any dividends. If you are a non-U.S. employee, the method of payment of Tax-Related Items may be restricted by any Appendix (as defined below). If you fail to make satisfactory arrangements for the payment of any Tax-Related Items under this Agreement when any of these PSUs otherwise are supposed to vest or Tax Related Items related to PSUs otherwise are due, you will permanently forfeit the applicable PSUs and any right to receive Shares under such PSUs, and such PSUs will be returned to the Company at no cost to the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, “Tax Withholdings” means tax, social insurance and social security liability or premium obligations in connection with the PSUs, including, without limitation, (1) all federal, state, and local income, employment and any other taxes (including your U.S. Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) obligation) that are required to be withheld by the Company or applicable Affiliated Company,(2) your fringe benefit tax liability and, to the extent required by the Company, the fringe benefit tax liability of the Company or the applicable Affiliated Company, if any, associated with the grant, vesting, or exercise of the PSUs or sale of Shares issued under the PSUs, and (3) any other taxes or social insurance or social security liabilities or premium the responsibility for which you have, or have agreed to bear, with respect to the PSUs or the Shares subject to the PSUs (“Tax Withholdings”).

ii.    The Company has the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any Tax-Related Items by withholding from proceeds of a sale of Shares acquired upon payment of these PSUs arranged by the Company (on your behalf pursuant to this authorization

6

Exhibit 10.32

without further consent), and this will be the method by which such tax withholding obligations are satisfied until the Company determines otherwise, subject to applicable laws.

iii.    The Company also has the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any Tax-Related Items by reducing the number of Shares otherwise deliverable to you).

iv.    Further, if you are subject to taxation in more than one jurisdiction between the Date of Grant and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, the Company and/or any Affiliated Company for whom you are performing services (each, an “Employer”) or former Employer(s) may withhold or account for tax in more than one jurisdiction.

v.    Regardless of any action of the Company or the Employer(s), you acknowledge that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains your responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Employer(s). You further acknowledge that the Company and the Employer(s) (1) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of these PSUs and (2) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of these PSUs to reduce or eliminate your liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result.

b.    Code Section 409A. This Section 9(b) does not apply if you are not a U.S. income taxpayer.

i.    If the vesting of any PSUs is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Associate that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Code Section 409A and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Code Section 409A at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated PSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated PSUs will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

ii.    If your status as an Associate terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Associate, the delay under Section 9(b)(i) of this Agreement will not apply, and these PSUs will be paid in Shares to your estate (or such other person as specified in Section 6 above) as soon as practicable.

iii.    All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of these PSUs or Shares issuable upon the vesting of PSUs will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

7

Exhibit 10.32

iv.    Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

10.    Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your signature on the Notice accepting these PSUs indicates that:

a.    YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THESE PSUS IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS AN ASSOCIATE AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CERTAIN PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES AS SET FORTH IN THE ADDENDUM, AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THESE PSUS WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b.     YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THESE PSUS AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN ASSOCIATE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE EMPLOYER(S) TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN ASSOCIATE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

c.     You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

d.    You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to the Plan or these PSUs (including the Plan, this Agreement, the Plan’s prospectus, and any reports of the Company provided generally to the Company’s stockholders) to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via email, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the electronic mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an electronic mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e mail address by telephone, postal service or electronic mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e.    You may deliver any documents related to the Plan or these PSUs to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f.    You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Plan and these PSUs are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

8

Exhibit 10.32

g.    You agree that the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan.

h.    You agree that the grant of Awards is voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of performance units or benefits in lieu of performance units, even if performance units have been granted in the past.

i.    You agree that any decisions regarding future Awards will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j.    You agree that you are voluntarily participating in the Plan.

k.    You agree that these PSUs and any Shares acquired under these PSUs are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

l.    You agree that these PSUs, any Shares acquired under these PSUs, and their income and value are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

m.    You agree that the future value of the Shares underlying these PSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty.

n.    You agree that, for purposes of these PSUs, your engagement as an Associate is terminated as of the date your service relationship with the Company or any Affiliated Company is terminated (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not the termination is later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company or the terms of your service agreement, if any), unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee.

o.    You agree that any right to vest in these PSUs will be extended by any notice period (e.g., the period that you are an Associate would include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws (including common law, if applicable) in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or by your service agreement or employment agreement, if any) and your termination date will not occur until the end of such period, unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee or required by applicable law.

p.    You agree that the Board or the Committee has the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of these PSUs (including whether you are still considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence).

q.    You agree that neither the Company or any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that

9

Exhibit 10.32

may affect the value of these PSUs or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these PSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon such payment.

r.    You have read and agree to the Data Privacy provisions of Section 11 of this Agreement.

s.    You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these PSUs resulting from the termination of your status as an Associate (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or the terms of your service agreement, if any), and in consideration of the grant of these PSUs to which you are otherwise not entitled, you irrevocably agree never to institute any claim against the Company or any Affiliated Company, waive your ability (if any) to bring any such claim, and release the Company and all Affiliated Companies from any such claim. If any such claim is nevertheless allowed by a court of competent jurisdiction, then your participation in the Plan constitutes your irrevocable agreement to not pursue such claim and to execute any and all documents necessary to request dismissal or withdrawal of such claim.

11.    Data Privacy.

a.    You voluntarily consent to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of your personal data as described in this Agreement and any other Award materials (“Data”) by and among, as applicable, the Employer(s), the Company and any Affiliated Company for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering, and managing your participation in the Plan.

b.    You understand that the Company and the Employer(s) may hold certain personal information about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all equity awards or any other entitlement to stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering, and managing the Plan.

c.    You understand that Data will be transferred to one or more stock plan service provider(s) selected by the Company, which may assist the Company with the implementation, administration, and management of the Plan. You understand that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than your country. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting your local human resources representative. You authorize the Company and any other possible recipients that may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan.

d.    You understand that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan. You understand that if you reside in certain jurisdictions outside the United States, to the extent required by applicable laws, you

10

Exhibit 10.32

may, at any time, request access to Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents given by accepting these PSUs, in any case without cost, by contacting in writing your local human resources representative. Further, you understand that you are providing these consents on a purely voluntary basis. If you do not consent or if you later seek to revoke your consent, your engagement as an Associate with the Employer(s) will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing your consent is that the Company will not be able to grant you awards under the Plan or administer or maintain awards. Therefore, you understand that refusing or withdrawing your consent may affect your ability to participate in the Plan (including the right to retain these PSUs). You understand that you may contact your local human resources representative for more information on the consequences of your refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent.

12.    Modifications to the Agreement. The Plan and this Agreement constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. You expressly warrant that you are not accepting this Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement and the Plan as provided in the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with these PSUs

13.    Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of its stock plan administrator at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered.

14.    Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If the Company determines that the listing, registration, qualification, or rule compliance of the Common Stock on any securities exchange or under any state, federal, or foreign law or the tax code and related regulations or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to you (or your estate), the Company will try to meet the requirements of any such state, federal, or foreign law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority or securities exchange, but the Shares will not be issued until such conditions have been met in a manner acceptable to the Company.

15.    Clawback. These PSUs (including any proceeds, gains or other economic benefit received by you upon its payment or the subsequent sale of Shares issued upon payment of the PSUs) will be subject to any compensation recovery or clawback policy implemented by the Company before or after the date of this Agreement. This includes any clawback policy adopted to comply with the requirements of applicable laws.

11

Exhibit 10.32

16.    Administration. The Board and the Committee administer the Plan. Your rights under this Agreement are expressly subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, including continued stockholder approval of the Plan, and to any guidelines the Board or the Committee adopts from time to time.

17.    Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

18.    Applicable Law. The Plan, this Agreement, these PSUs, and all determinations made and actions taken under the Plan, to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

19.    Forum Selection At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final nonappealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

20.    Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

21.    Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

22.    Non-U.S. Appendix. These PSUs are subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in any appendix to this Agreement for your country (the “Appendix”). If you relocate to a country included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions for that country will apply to you to the extent the Company determines that applying such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons.

12

EX-10.33

Exhibit 10.33

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

NOTICE OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AND

RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT

%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-%	Award Number:	%%OPTION_NUMBER%-%
%%ADDRESS_LINE_1%-%	Plan:	2005
%%ADDRESS_LINE_2%-%
%%CITY%-%, %%STATE%-% %%ZIPCODE%-%
%%COUNTRY%-%

Effective as of %%OPTION_DATE,’MM/DD/YYYY’%-% (“Award Date”), pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Plan”), you have been granted an award of %%TOTAL_SHARES_GRANTED,'999,999,999'%-% Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”), with each RSU representing the right to receive one share of the Common Stock of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) upon vesting. Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award and Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (the “Notice”), the Terms and Conditions of Restricted Stock Unit Award attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Terms and Conditions”), any special terms and conditions for your country set forth in the appendix attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Appendix”), or any other exhibits or annexes to these documents (all together, the “Agreement”) have the meanings given to them in the Plan.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement, and any severance or change in control policy of the Company, if any, the RSUs will vest on the following schedule, subject to you continuing to be an Associate through the applicable vesting date:

Vest Date

Shares

%%VEST_DATE_PERIOD1,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD2,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD3,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD4,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD5,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD6,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD7,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD8,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD9,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD10,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD11,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD12,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD13,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD14,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD15,'Month DD, YYYY'%-% %%VEST_DATE_PERIOD16,'Month DD, YYYY'%-%

%%SHARES_PERIOD1,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD2,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD3,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD4,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD5,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD6,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD7,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD8,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD9,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD10,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD11,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD12,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD13,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD14,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD15,’999,999,999’%-% %%SHARES_PERIOD16,’999,999,999’%-%

All vesting will be rounded to the nearest whole RSU, and any fractional RSUs will be accumulated and vested on the date that an accumulated full RSU is vested.

1

Exhibit 10.33

If you cease to be an Associate for any or no reason before you fully vest in the RSUs, the unvested RSUs will terminate according to the terms of Section 5 of the Terms and Conditions.

This RSU Agreement and applicable Plan is offered to you by LiveRamp as an additional benefit and is not required as a condition of employment.You may voluntarily accept this RSU Agreement and terms of the Plan by logging into your E*Trade account and electronically accepting this award.By doing so, you acknowledge and agree that:

i.This award of RSUs is subject to the terms and conditions as described within this Agreement and the Plan that are being provided to you electronically, including their exhibits and appendices, if any.

ii.You understand that the Company is not providing any tax,legal, or financial advice and is not making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan or your acquisition or sale of Shares.

iii.You have reviewed the Plan and this Agreement, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of personal tax, legal, and financial advisors prior to accepting this award, and fully understand all provisions of this Agreement and the Plan.You will consult with your own personal tax, legal, and financial advisors before taking any action related to the Plan.

iv.You have read and agree to each provision of Section 10 of the Terms and Conditions.

v.You will notify the Company of any change to the contact address above.

IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT ON OR PRIOR TO THE FIRST DATE ANY PORTION OF THESE RSUS VEST, NO RSUs WILL BE GRANTED AND YOU WILL NOT BE ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PLAN. THIS AGREEMENT IS ENTIRELY VOLUNTARY ON YOUR PART AND IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE ACCEPTED BY YOU AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT.

2

Exhibit 10.33

EXHIBIT A

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD

This Agreement (including these Terms and Conditions) and the Plan constitute the entire agreement between the Company and you with regard to the RSUs pertaining to the Common Stock described in the Notice. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Notice and the Plan.

1.Grant and Acceptance of Terms. The Company grants you an award of RSUs as described in the Notice. Your acceptance and retention of the award described in the Notice, as evidenced by your electronic acceptance of this Agreement, shall constitute your acceptance of the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Plan. Your acceptance of this Agreement is entirely voluntary on your part and is not required as a condition of employment. If there is a conflict between the Plan, this Agreement, or any other agreement governing the RSUs, those documents will take precedence and prevail in the following order: (a) the Plan, (b) this Agreement, and (c) any other agreement between the Company and you governing these RSUs (provided that any applicable severance or change in control policy of the Company will apply to the RSUs).

2.Your Rights with Respect to the RSUs.

a.Company’s Obligation to Pay. Each RSU is a right to receive a Share on the date the RSU vests. Until an RSU vests, you have no right to payment of the Share. Before a vested RSU is paid, the RSU is an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the Company’s general assets. A vested RSU will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, to your estate or such other person as specified in Section 6 below) in whole Shares as soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the vesting date), subject to you satisfying any obligations for Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 9(a)(i) of these Terms and Conditions) and any delay in payment required under Section 9(b)(i) of these Terms and Conditions. You cannot specify (directly or indirectly) the taxable year of the payment of any vested RSU under this Agreement

b.Stockholder Rights. Upon vesting, the RSUs granted pursuant to the Notice will entitle you to all the rights of a stockholder of the Company’s Common Stock as to the amount of shares of Common Stock (“Shares”) currently vested. Your rights as a stockholder of the Company (including the right to vote and to receive dividends and distributions) will not begin until Shares have been issued and recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and your rights with respect to the RSUs will remain forfeitable prior to the date on which such rights become vested.

3.Vesting. Subject to Section 11 of the Plan and Section 4 of these Terms and Conditions, RSUs shall vest as set forth in the Notice. RSUs scheduled to vest on a certain date or upon the occurrence of a certain condition will not vest unless you continue to be an Associate until the time such vesting is scheduled to occur. [Notwithstanding the foregoing or any provision of this Exhibit A to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the rules of the New York Stock Exchange at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (as any such meeting may be adjourned or postponed) of an amendment to the Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan (such approval, the “Required Shareholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Shareholder Approval is not obtained for any reason (and for the sake of clarity, is not obtained before the occurrence of a vesting event described in this Agreement or the Plan, if applicable), this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the Restricted Stock Units, including any portion which had previously vested, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Shareholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of Restricted Stock Units subject to this Agreement, no shares in respect of such Restricted Stock Units shall be issued, unless and until the Required Shareholder Approval has been obtained.]1

1Include this clause only for those equity awards that are contingent on shareholder approval.

3

Exhibit 10.33

4.Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of any RSUs at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan. In that case, those RSUs will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

5.Forfeiture upon Termination. If your status as an Associate terminates for any reason, your RSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these RSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination (the “Termination Date”). The provisions of this Section 5 are subject to the provisions of Section 7 below entitled “Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.” For purposes of your RSUs, the “Termination Date” shall be considered to occur (regardless of the reason for termination of your service and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or otherwise providing services or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any) as of the date you are no longer actively providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company and shall not be extended by any notice period (e.g., your period of service will not include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or otherwise providing services, or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any).The Board shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of your RSUs (including whether you may still be considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence).

6.Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of your status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

7.Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a.If at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after your Termination Date you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after your Termination Date, then:

i.any unvested RSUs granted to you shall be canceled;

ii.with respect to any Shares received by you pursuant to the settlement of the RSUs within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your Termination Date, you shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the proceeds of any sale or distribution of those Shares (the “Forfeited Shares”), or, if still held by you, the aggregate fair market value of such Forfeited Shares as of the date of vesting; and

iii.the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such Forfeited Shares any amounts owed to you by the Company.

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Associate, or within one year after your Termination Date, includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b.The prohibited activities include:

i.any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert or induce the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company with whom you have had personal contact and/or with whom you have done business while employed at any time for the Company or any Affiliated Company;

4

Exhibit 10.33

ii.disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

iii.any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any Associate in order to solicit or induce any Associate of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv.the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

v.participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vi.a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company's insider trading policies; or

vii.conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c.Upon receipt of any Shares pursuant to Section 2 of these Terms and Conditions, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

d.You may be released from your obligations under this Section 7 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e.You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 7 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry.

8.Restriction on Transfer. RSUs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of by you except as provided under the Plan, and any unauthorized purported sale, assignment, transfer, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition shall be void and unenforceable against the Company. If any RSUs are transferred, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties to this Agreement.

9.Responsibility for Taxes.

a.Tax Withholding.

i.You acknowledge that, regardless of any action taken by the Company or, if different, the Affiliated Company to which you provide services (the “Service Recipient”), the ultimate liability for all income tax, social insurance, payroll tax, fringe benefit tax, payment on account, employment tax, stamp tax or other tax-related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable or deemed applicable to you (“Tax-Related Items”) is and remains your responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld, if any, by the Company or the Service Recipient. You further acknowledge that the Company and/or the Service Recipient (1) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of the RSUs or the underlying Shares, including, but not limited to, the grant, vesting or settlement of the RSUs, the subsequent sale or disposal of Shares and the receipt of any

5

Exhibit 10.33

dividends; and (2) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of the RSUs to reduce or eliminate your liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result. Further, if you are subject to Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction, you acknowledge that the Company and/or the Service Recipient (or former service recipient, as applicable) may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction.

ii.Prior to the relevant taxable or tax withholding event, as applicable, you agree to make adequate arrangements satisfactory to the Company and/or the Service Recipient to satisfy all Tax-Related Items. In this regard, you authorize and direct the Company and any brokerage firm determined acceptable to the Company to sell on your behalf a whole number of Shares from those Shares issued to you as the Company determines to be appropriate to generate cash proceeds sufficient to satisfy any applicable withholding obligations or rights for Tax-Related Items. In the event that such withholding by sale of Shares is problematic under applicable tax or securities law or has materially adverse accounting consequences, you authorize the Company or its respective agents to satisfy any applicable withholding obligations or rights with regard to all Tax-Related Items by one or a combination of the following: (1) your payment of a cash amount (including by check representing readily available funds or a wire transfer); (2) withholding from your wages or other cash compensation paid to you by the Company and/or the Service Recipient or any Affiliated Company; (3) withholding Shares to be issued at vesting; or (4) any other arrangement approved by the Board of Directors and permitted under applicable laws.

iii.The Company may withhold or account for Tax-Related Items by considering statutory or other withholding rates, including minimum or maximum rates applicable in your jurisdiction(s). In the event of over-withholding, you may receive a refund of any over-withheld amount in cash (with no entitlement to the equivalent in Shares), or if not refunded, you may seek a refund from the local tax authorities. In the event of under-withholding, you may be required to pay any additional Tax-Related Items directly to the applicable tax authority or to the Company and/or the Service Recipient. If the obligation for Tax-Related Items is satisfied by withholding in Shares, for tax purposes, you will be deemed to have been issued the full number of Shares subject to the vested RSUs, notwithstanding that a number of Shares is held back solely for the purpose of paying the Tax-Related Items. The Company may refuse to issue or transfer Shares, or the proceeds of the disposition of Shares, if you fail to comply with your obligations in connection with the Tax-Related Items.

b.    Code Section 409A. This Section 9(b) does not apply if you are not a U.S. income taxpayer.

i.If the vesting of any RSUs is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Associate that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(h).and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A‑1(i)(1) at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated RSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated RSUs will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

ii.If your status as an Associate terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Associate, the delay under Section 9(b)(i) of these Terms and Conditions will not apply, and these RSUs will be paid in Shares to your estate (or such other person as specified in Section 6 above) as soon as practicable.

iii.All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of these RSUs or Shares issuable upon the vesting of RSUs will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted

6

Exhibit 10.33

according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

iv.Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

10.Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your acceptance of the RSUs through the Company’s electronic or online acceptance process, or your signature on the Notice accepting these RSUs, indicates that:

a.YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THESE RSUS IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING YOUR SERVICE AS AN ASSOCIATE AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THESE RSUS WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b.YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THESE RSUS AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN ASSOCIATE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY OR SERVICE RECIPIENT TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN ASSOCIATE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

c.You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

d.You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to the Plan or these RSUs (including the Plan, this Agreement, the Plan’s prospectus, and any reports of the Company provided generally to the Company’s stockholders) to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via e-mail, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the e-mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an e-mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e-mail address by telephone, postal service or e-mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e.You may deliver any documents related to the Plan or these RSUs to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third-party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f.You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Plan and these RSUs are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

g.You agree that the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan.

h.You agree that the grant of Awards (including these RSUs) is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of restricted

7

Exhibit 10.33

stock units or benefits in lieu of restricted stock units, even if restricted stock units have been granted in the past.

i.You agree that any decisions regarding future RSUs or other Awards, if any, will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j.You agree that you are voluntarily participating in the Plan.

k.You agree that these RSUs and any Shares acquired under these RSUs are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

l.You agree that these RSUs, any Shares acquired under these RSUs, and their income from and value are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, but not limited to, for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

m.You agree that the future value of the Shares underlying these RSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty.

n.Unless otherwise agreed with the Company in writing, the RSUs and the Shares subject to the RSUs, and the income from and value of same, are not granted as consideration for, or in connection with, the service you may provide as a director of an Affiliated Company.

o.You agree that neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of these RSUs or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these RSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon such payment.

p.You have read and agree to the Data Privacy provisions of Section 11 of these Terms and Conditions.

q.You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these RSUs resulting from the termination of your status as an Associate (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or the terms of your service agreement, if any).

11.Data Privacy. If you would like to participate in the Plan, you understand that you will need to review the information provided in this Section 11 and, where applicable, declare consent to the processing and/or transfer of personal data as described below.

a.EEA+ Controller. If you are based in the European Union (“EU”), the European Economic Area or the United Kingdom (collectively “EEA+”), you should note that the Company, with its registered address at 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94014, United States of America, is the controller responsible for the processing of your personal data in connection with the Agreement and the Plan.

b.Data Collection and Usage. The Company collects, uses and otherwise processes certain personal data about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, e-mail address, date of birth, social insurance number, passport or other identification number (e.g., resident registration number), salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all RSUs or any other entitlement to shares of stock or equivalent benefits awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor, which the Company receives from you, the Service Recipient or otherwise in connection with this Agreement or the Plan (“Data”), for the purposes of implementing, administering and managing the Plan.

8

Exhibit 10.33

i.If you are based in the EEA+, the legal basis, where required, for the processing of Data by the Company is the necessity of the data processing for the Company to (i) perform its contractual obligations under this Agreement, (ii) comply with legal obligations established in the EEA+, or (iii) pursue the legitimate interest of complying with legal obligations established outside the EEA+.

ii.If you are based outside the EEA+, the legal basis, where required, for the processing of Data by the Company is your consent, as further described below.

c.Stock Plan Administration Service Providers. The Company transfers Data to E*TRADE Securities, LLC (“E*Trade”) an independent service provider, which is assisting the Company with the implementation, administration and management of the Plan. In the future, the Company may select a different service provider and share Data with such other provider serving in a similar manner. E*Trade will open an account for you to receive and dispose of Shares acquired under the Plan. You may be asked to agree on separate terms and data processing practices with E*Trade, with such agreement being a condition to the ability to participate in the Plan.

d.International Data Transfers. You understand that the Company and, as of the date hereof, any third parties assisting in the implementation, administration and management of the Plan, such as E*Trade, are based in the United States. If you are located outside the United States, you understand and acknowledge that your country may have enacted data privacy laws that are different from the laws of the United States. The Company’s legal basis for the transfer of your Data, where required, is your consent.

e.Data Retention. The Company will hold and use the Data only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan, or as required to comply with legal or regulatory obligations, including under tax and securities laws.

f.Data Subject Rights. You may have a number of rights under data privacy laws in your jurisdiction. Depending on where you are based, such rights may include the right to (i) request access or copies of Data the Company processes, (ii) the rectification or amendment of incorrect or incomplete Data, (iii) the deletion of Data, (iv) request restrictions on the processing of Data, (v) object to the processing of Data for legitimate interests, (vi) the portability of Data, (vi) lodge complaints with competent authorities in your jurisdiction, and/or to (viii) receive a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of Data. To receive additional information regarding these rights or to exercise these rights, you can contact the Company’s human resources department at People.Ops@LiveRamp.com.

g.Necessary Disclosure of Personal Data. You understand that providing the Company with Data is necessary for the performance of the Agreement and that your refusal to provide Data would make it impossible for the Company to perform its contractual obligations and may affect your ability to participate in the Plan.

h.Voluntariness and Consequences of Consent Denial or Withdrawal. Participation in the Plan is voluntary, and you are providing any consent referred to herein on a purely voluntary basis. You understand that you may withdraw any such consent at any time with future effect for any or no reason. If you do not consent, or if you later seek to withdraw their consent, your salary from or employment and career with the Service Recipient will not be affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing consent is that the Company would not be able to offer or grant RSUs under the Plan to you or administer or maintain the Plan. For more information on the consequences of refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent, you should contact the Company’s human resources department at People.Ops@LiveRamp.com.

9

Exhibit 10.33

Declaration of Consent. If you are based in the EEA+, by participating in the Plan and indicating consent by signing this Agreement or via the Company’s online acceptance procedure, you explicitly declare your consent to the onward transfer of Data by the Company to E*Trade or, as the case may be, a different service provider of the Company in the United States as described in this Section 11.

If you are based outside the EEA+, by participating in the Plan and indicating consent by signing this Agreement or via the Company’s online acceptance procedure, you explicitly declare your consent to the entirety of the Data processing operations described in this Section 11 including, without limitation, the onward transfer of Data by the Company to E*Trade or, as the case may be, a different service provider of the Company in the United States.

12.Modifications to the Agreement. The Plan and this Agreement constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. You expressly warrant that you are not accepting this Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement and the Plan as provided in the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with these RSUs.

13.Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of its stock plan administrator at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 13, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered. [The parties may use e-mail delivery, so long as the message is clearly marked, sent to the e-mail addresses set forth under the signatures below, or to such other e-mail addresses as may have been furnished by such party in writing to the other, and a delivery receipt and a read receipt are made part of the message. E-mail delivery will be deemed to occur when the sender receives confirmation that such message has been received and read by the recipient.]

14.Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If the Company determines that the listing, registration, qualification, or rule compliance of the Common Stock on any securities exchange or under any state, federal, or foreign law or the tax code and related regulations or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to you (or your estate), the Company will try to meet the requirements of any such state, federal, or foreign law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority or securities exchange, but the Shares will not be issued until such conditions have been met in a manner acceptable to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you understand that the Company is under no obligation to register or qualify the shares with the SEC or any state or foreign securities commission or to seek approval or clearance from any governmental authority for the issuance or sale of the shares. Further, you agree that the Company shall have unilateral authority to amend this Agreement without your consent to the extent necessary to comply with securities or other laws applicable to issuance of Shares.

15.Clawback. These RSUs (including any proceeds, gains or other economic benefit received by you upon its payment or the subsequent sale of Shares issued upon payment of the RSUs) will be subject to any compensation recovery or clawback policy implemented by the Company before or after the date of this Agreement. This includes any clawback policy adopted to comply with the requirements of applicable laws.

16.Administration. The Board and the Committee administer the Plan. Your rights under this Agreement are expressly subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, including continued stockholder approval of the Plan, and to any guidelines the Board or the Committee adopts from time to time.

10

Exhibit 10.33

17.Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

18.Applicable Law. The Plan, this Agreement, these RSUs, and all determinations made, and actions taken under the Plan, to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

19.Forum Selection At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final non-appealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

20.Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

21.Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

22.Imposition of Other Requirements.The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements on your participation in the Plan, on the RSUs and on any Shares acquired under the Plan, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

23.Language. You acknowledge that you are proficient in the English language or have consulted with an advisor who is proficient in the English language, so as to enable you to understand the provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. If you have received this Agreement or any other document related to the Plan translated into a language other than English and if the meaning of the translated version is different than the English version, the English version will control.

24.Non-U.S. Appendix. These RSUs are subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in Exhibit B to this Agreement for your country (the “Appendix”). If you relocate to a country included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions for that country will apply to you to the extent the Company determines that applying such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons. The Appendix constitutes part of this Agreement.

25.Insider Trading/Market Abuse. You acknowledge that, depending on your or your broker’s country or where the Shares are listed, you may be subject to insider trading restrictions and/or market abuse laws which may affect your ability to accept, acquire, sell or otherwise dispose of Shares, rights to Shares (e.g., RSUs) or rights linked to the value of Shares during such times you are considered to have “inside information” regarding the Company (as defined in the laws or regulations in the applicable jurisdictions). Local insider trading laws and regulations may prohibit the cancellation or amendment of orders you placed before you possessed inside information. Furthermore, you could be prohibited from (i) disclosing the inside information to any third party and (ii) “tipping” third parties or causing them otherwise to buy or sell securities. Keep in mind third parties includes fellow employees. Any restrictions under these laws or regulations are separate from and in addition to any restrictions that may be imposed under any applicable insider trading policy of the Company. You are responsible for complying with any restrictions and should speak to your personal advisor on this matter.

11

Exhibit 10.33

26.Exchange Control, Foreign Asset/Account and/or Tax Reporting. Depending upon the country to which laws you are subject, you may have certain foreign asset/account and/or tax reporting requirements that may affect your ability to acquire or hold Shares under the Plan or cash received from participating in the Plan (including from any dividends or sale proceeds arising from the sale of Shares) in a brokerage or bank account outside your country of residence. Your country may require that you report such accounts, assets or transactions to the applicable authorities in your country. You also may be required to repatriate cash received from participating in the Plan to your country within a certain period of time after receipt. You are responsible for knowledge of and compliance with any such regulations and should speak with your personal tax, legal and financial advisors regarding same.

12

Exhibit 10.33

EXHIBIT B

APPENDIX TO RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AGREEMENT

Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Appendix shall have the same meanings given to them in the Notice, the Terms and Conditions and the Plan.

Terms and Conditions

This Appendix includes additional terms and conditions that govern these RSUs granted to you under the Plan if you reside and/or work in one of the countries listed below.If you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working and/or residing, transfer to another country after the Award Date or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, the Company shall, in its discretion, determine the extent to which the special terms and conditions contained herein apply to you.

Notifications

This Appendix also includes information regarding exchange controls, securities laws and certain other issues of which you should be aware with respect to participation in the Plan.The information is based on the securities, exchange control, and other applicable laws in effect in the respective countries as of August 2020.Such applicable laws are often complex and change frequently.As a result, the Company strongly recommends that you not rely on the information in this Appendix as the only source of information relating to the consequences of participation in the Plan because the information may be out of date at the time you vest in the RSUs or sell Shares acquired under the Plan.

In addition, the information contained in this Appendix is general in nature and may not apply to your particular situation, and the Company is not in a position to assure you of a particular result.You should seek appropriate professional advice as to how the applicable laws in your country may apply to your situation.

Finally, if you are a citizen or resident of a country other than the one in which you are currently working, transfer employment after these RSUs are granted, transfer to another country after the Award Date, or are considered a resident of another country for local law purposes, the notifications in this Appendix may not apply to you in the same manner.

Countries

Australia

Terms and Conditions

Tax Information. The Plan is a plan to which Subdivision 83A-C of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) applies (subject to conditions in the Act).

Notifications

Australia Offer Document. The offer of the RSUs is intended to comply with the provisions of the Corporations Act 2001, ASIC Regulatory Guide 49 and ASIC Class Order CO 14/1000. Additional details are set forth in the Offer Document for the Offer of Restricted Stock Units to Australian Resident Employees, a copy of which is attached to the end of this section for Australia as Annex 1.

13

Exhibit 10.33

ANNEX 1

OFFER DOCUMENT

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

OFFER OF RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

TO AUSTRALIAN RESIDENT EMPLOYEES

The Company is pleased to provide you with this offer to participate in the Plan. This offer sets out information regarding the grant of RSUs to Australian resident employees of the Company and its Affiliated Companies (“Australian Participants”). This information is provided by the Company to ensure compliance of the Plan with Australian Securities and Investments Commission (“ASIC”) Class Order 14/1000 and relevant provisions of the Corporations Act 2001.

In addition to the information set out in the Agreement and the Appendix, Australian Participants are also being provided with copies of the following documents:

a.the Plan; and

b.the Plan prospectus; and

c.Employee Information Supplement for Australia (collectively, the “Additional Documents”).

The Additional Documents provide further information to help Australian Participants make an informed investment decision about participating in the Plan. Neither the Plan nor the Plan prospectus is a prospectus for the purposes of the Corporations Act 2001.

Australian Participants should not rely upon any oral statements made in relation to this offer. Australian Participants should rely only upon the statements contained in the Agreement, including the Appendix, and the Additional Documents when considering participation in the Plan.

Securities Law Notification. Investment in Shares involves a degree of risk. Eligible employees who elect to participate in the Plan should monitor their participation and consider all risk factors relevant to the acquisition of Shares under the Plan as set forth below and in the Additional Documents.

The information herein is general information only. It is not advice or information that takes into account Australian Participants’ objectives, financial situation and needs.

Australian Participants should consider obtaining their own financial product advice from a person who is licensed by ASIC to give such advice.

Additional Risk Factors for Australian Residents. Australian Participants should have regard to risk factors relevant to investment in securities generally and, in particular, to holding Shares. For example, the price at which an individual Share is quoted on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) may increase or decrease due to a number of factors. There is no guarantee that the price of a Share will increase. Factors that may affect the price of an individual Share include fluctuations in the domestic and international market for listed stocks, general economic conditions, including interest rates, inflation rates, commodity and oil prices, changes to government fiscal, monetary or regulatory policies, legislation or regulation, the nature of the markets in which the Company operates and general operational and business risks.

More information about potential factors that could affect the Company’s business and financial results will be included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Copies of these reports are available at http://www.sec.gov/, on the Company’s investor’s page at https://investors.liveramp.com/home/default.aspx, and upon request to the Company.

14

Exhibit 10.33

In addition, Australian Participants should be aware that the Australian dollar (“AUD”) value of any Shares acquired under the Plan will be affected by the USD/AUD exchange rate. Participation in the Plan involves certain risks related to fluctuations in this rate of exchange.

Common Stock in a U.S. Corporation. Common stock of a U.S. corporation is analogous to ordinary shares of an Australian corporation. Each holder of a Share is entitled to one vote. Dividends may be paid on the Shares out of any funds of the Company legally available for dividends at the discretion of the Board. Further, Shares are not liable to any further calls for payment of capital or for other assessment by the Company and have no sinking fund provisions, pre-emptive rights, conversion rights or redemption provisions.

Ascertaining the Market Price of Shares. Australian Participants may ascertain the current market price of an individual Share as traded on the NYSE under the symbol “RAMP” at: https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:RAMP. The AUD equivalent of that price can be obtained at: https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/frequency/exchange-rates.html.

Please note that this is not a prediction of what the market price of the Shares will be on any applicable Vest Date or when Shares are issued to Australian Participants (or at any other time), or of the applicable exchange rate at such time.

15

Exhibit 10.33

China

Terms and Conditions

The following terms and conditions will apply to you to the extent that the Company, in its discretion, determines that your participation in the Plan will be subject to exchange control restrictions in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”), as implemented by the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”):

Vesting Schedule and Settlement. The following provision supplements the vesting schedule in the Notice and Section 2 (“Your Right with Respect to the RSUs”) and Section 3 (“Vesting”) of the Terms and Conditions:

In addition to any other vesting and settlement conditions, the RSUs will not vest and no Shares (or cash equivalent) will be delivered to you unless and until all necessary approvals from the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) or its relevant branch have been received and remain effective, as determined by the Company in its sole discretion.

If Shares are delivered to you pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Terms and Conditions, the Company reserves the right to require you to sell all Shares, either immediately upon receipt of such Shares or upon termination of your service or at such other time determined by the Company to be necessary or desirable to facilitate the administration of the Plan or compliance with exchange control requirements in the PRC.

In this regard, you agree that the Company is authorized to instruct its designated broker, E*Trade, to assist with any such mandatory sale of Shares (on your behalf pursuant to this authorization), and you expressly authorize E*Trade (or any other designated broker) to complete the sale of such Shares. You also agree to sign any agreements, forms and/or consents that may be reasonably requested by the Company (or the designated broker) to effectuate the sale of the Shares (including, without limitation, as to the transfers of the proceeds and other exchange control matters noted below) and shall otherwise cooperate with the Company with respect to such matters, provided that you shall not be permitted to exercise any influence over how, when or whether the sales occur. You acknowledge that the designated broker is under no obligation to arrange for the sale of the Shares at any particular price. Due to fluctuations in the Share price and/or applicable exchange rates between the date the Shares are delivered to you and (if later) the date on which the Shares are sold, the amount of proceeds ultimately distributed to you may be more or less than the market value of the Shares on the applicable Vest Date or the date the Shares are issued to you.

Upon the sale of the Shares, the cash proceeds from the sale (less any applicable Tax-Related Items, brokerage fees or commissions) will be delivered to you in accordance with applicable exchange control laws and regulations.

Exchange Control Obligations. Following the sale of the Shares, you must comply with any exchange control requirements. If you reside in the PRC, you may be required to repatriate to the PRC all funds related to participation in the Plan, and such repatriation may need to be effected through a special exchange control account established by the Company or its Affiliated Company in the PRC. In such circumstances, you agree that any funds related to participation in the Plan may be transferred to such special account prior to being delivered to you.

The funds may be paid to you in U.S. dollars or in local currency, at the Company’s discretion. If the funds are paid in U.S. dollars, you will be required to set up a U.S. dollar bank account in the PRC so that the funds may be deposited into this account. If the funds are paid in local currency, neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is under an obligation to secure any particular currency conversion rate and there may be delays in converting the funds into local currency due to exchange control requirements in the PRC. You will bear any currency fluctuation risk between the time the Shares are sold (or any other funds related to participation in the Plan

are realized) and the time the funds are converted into local currency and distributed to you.

You agree to comply with any other requirements that may be imposed by the Company in the future to facilitate compliance with PRC exchange control requirements.

16

Exhibit 10.33

France

Terms and Conditions

RSU Type. The RSUs are not intended to qualify for specific tax or social security treatment in France.

Language Consent. By accepting the grant of the RSUs, you confirm having read and understood the documents related to the grant (the Notice, the Agreement and the Plan), which were provided in the English language. You accept the terms of those documents accordingly.

Consentement Relatif à la Langue.En acceptant l’attribution du droit sur des actions assujetti à des restrictions (“RSUs”), vous confirmez avoir lu et compris les documents relatifs à l’attribution (l’Avis, le Contrat et le Plan) qui ont été fournis en langue anglaise. Vous acceptez les dispositions de ces documents en connaissance de cause.

Notifications

Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Notification.French residents may hold Shares acquired under the Plan outside France, provided they declare all foreign accounts, whether open, current, or closed, in their income tax return.

Japan

Notifications

Foreign Asset/Account Reporting Notification. Details of any assets held outside Japan (including Shares acquired under the Plan) as of December 31 of each year must be reported to the tax authorities on an annual basis, to the extent such assets have a total net fair market value exceeding ¥50 million. Such report is due by March 15 each year. You should consult your personal tax advisor to determine if the reporting obligation applies to you and whether you will be required to include details of your outstanding RSUs, as well as Shares, in the report.

Netherlands

There are no country-specific provisions.

Singapore

Notifications

Securities Law Notification. The RSUs are being granted pursuant to the “Qualifying Person” exemption under section 273(1)(f) of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289, 2006 Ed.) (“SFA”). The Plan has not been and will not be lodged or registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Hence, statutory liability under the SFA in relation to the content of prospectuses will not apply. You should note that the RSUs are subject to section 257 of the SFA and hence the RSUs may not be offered or sold, or made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore, unless such offer, sale or invitation is made (i) more than six (6) months from the Award Date, (ii) pursuant to the exemptions under Part XIII Division 1 Subdivision (4) (other than section 280) of the SFA, or (iii) pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provisions of the SFA.

In addition, you are permitted to sell Shares acquired under the Plan through the designated broker appointed under the Plan, if any, provided the resale of Shares takes place outside Singapore through the facilities of a stock exchange on which the Shares are listed. The Shares are currently listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”).

Director Notification Requirement. If you are a director, alternate director, substitute director or shadow director of a Singapore Affiliated Company, you must notify the Singapore Affiliated Company in writing within two (2) business days of (i) becoming the registered holder of or acquiring an interest (e.g., RSUs, Shares, etc.) in the Company or any Affiliated Company, or becoming a director, alternate director, substitute director or shadow director (as the case may be), whichever occurs last, or (ii) any change in a previously disclosed interest (e.g., sale of Shares).

17

Exhibit 10.33

United Kingdom

Terms and Conditions

Responsibility for Taxes. The following provision supplements Section 9 (“Responsibility for Taxes”) of the Terms and Conditions:

You agree to indemnify the Company and/or the Service Recipient for all Tax-Related Items that they are required to pay or withhold or have paid or will pay to Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (“HMRC”) (or any other relevant authority) on your behalf and authorize the Company and/or the Service Recipient to recover such amounts by any of the means set out in Section 9 of the Terms and Conditions. You also agree to be liable for any Tax-Related Items related to the RSUs and legally applicable to you, and hereby covenant to pay any such Tax-Related items as and when requested by the Company, the Service Recipient or by HMRC (or any other relevant authority).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are an executive officer or director (as within the meaning of Section 13(k) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), the terms of the immediately foregoing provision will not apply. In the event that you are an executive officer or director and the income tax is not collected from or paid by you within ninety (90) days of the end of the U.K. tax year in which an event giving rise to the indemnification described above occurs, the amount of any uncollected income tax may constitute a benefit to you on which additional income tax and national insurance contributions may be payable. You acknowledge that you will be responsible for reporting and paying any income tax due on this additional benefit directly to the HMRC under the self-assessment regime and for paying the Company or the Service Recipient, as applicable, for the value of any employee national insurance contributions due on this additional benefit.

18

EX-10.34

Exhibit 10.34

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN

NOTICE OF PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD AND

PERFORMANCE UNIT AGREEMENT

FIRST NAME LAST NAM		Award Number:		OPTION NUMBER
ADDRESS LINE		Plan:		EQUITY PLAN
ADDRESS LINE
CITY	STATE		ZIP CODE
COUNTRY

Effective as of OPTION DATE, ‘MM/DD/YYYY’ (“Award Date”), pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Plan”), you have been granted an award of TOTAL SHARES GRANTED, ‘999,999,999’.Performance Units (“PSUs”), with each PSU representing the right to receive one share of the common stock of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc (the “Company”) upon vesting. Capitalized terms that are not defined in this Notice of Performance Unit Award and Performance Unit Agreement (the “Notice”), the Terms and Conditions of Performance Unit Award, the Addendum to Performance Unit Award (the “Addendum”) or any of the exhibits to these documents (all together, the “Agreement”) have the meanings given to them in the Plan.

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement, and the applicable vesting acceleration provisions of any service agreement between you and the Company or any severance or change in control policy of the Company, if any, the PSUs will be eligible to vest pursuant to the satisfaction of the service-based and performance-based vesting components set forth in the Addendum, subject to you continuing to be an Associate through the applicable vesting date.

If agreed to by the Company in the Definitive Agreements (as defined below), upon the occurrence of a Change in Control Event, the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity) may assume or substitute for the PSUs. Upon the occurrence of a Change in Control Event, the Performance Period, as defined in the Addendum, will be truncated, and a number of PSUs will become eligible to vest (the “Eligible PSUs”) based on the degree of achievement of performance objectives (as set forth in the Addendum) as of the date of the Change in Control Event (such date, the “Change in Control Date”). Eligible PSUs will be treated as unvested Restricted Stock Units under the Plan subject to a service-based vesting schedule, and if assumed or substituted for by the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity) in accordance with the terms of the definitive agreements relating to the Change in Control (the “Definitive Agreements”), will convert into restricted stock units (or other compensatory arrangements) of equal value to be settled in cash or shares (determined in accordance with the Definitive Agreements) by the acquiring or surviving entity (or an affiliate of such entity), as applicable (the “Assumed Eligible PSUs”). In the event you remain an Associate through the end of the applicable performance period (such date, the “Performance Period End Date”), the Assumed Eligible PSUs will become fully vested and will be settled within thirty (30) days of the Performance Period End Date. Subject to any vesting acceleration arising from another written agreement or policy between you and the Company, in the event your status as an Associate

1

Exhibit 10.34

terminates for any reason before the Performance Period End Date, your Assumed Eligible Performance Units will be immediately forfeited.

All vesting will be rounded to the nearest whole PSU, and any fractional PSUs will be accumulated and vested on the date that an accumulated full PSU is vested.

If you cease to be an Associate for any or no reason before you fully vest in the PSUs, or if certain performance objectives are not satisfied and the Addendum provides that unvested PSUs will terminate to the extent that such performance objectives are not satisfied, the unvested PSUs will terminate according to the terms of Section 5 of this Agreement.

This PSU Agreement and applicable Plan is offered to you by LiveRamp as an additional benefit and is not required as a condition of employment. You may voluntarily accept this PSU Agreement and terms of the Plan by logging into your E*Trade account and electronically accepting this award. By doing so, you acknowledge and agree that:

i.    This award of PSUs is subject to the terms and conditions as described within this Agreement and the Plan that are being provided to you electronically, including their exhibits and appendices, if any.

ii.    You understand that the Company is not providing any tax, legal, or financial advice and is not making any recommendations regarding your participation in the Plan or your acquisition or sale of Shares.

iii.    You have reviewed the Plan and this Agreement, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of personal tax, legal, and financial advisors prior to accepting this award, and fully understand all provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. You will consult with your own personal tax, legal, and financial advisors before taking any action related to the Plan.

iv.    You have read and agree to each provision of Section 10 of this Agreement.

v.    You will notify the Company of any change to the contact address above.

IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT ON OR PRIOR TO THE FIRST DATE ANY PORTION OF THESE PSUS VEST, NO PSUs WILL BE GRANTED AND YOU WILL NOT BE ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THE PLAN. THIS AGREEMENT IS ENTIRELY VOLUNTARY ON YOUR PART AND IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE ACCEPTED BY YOU AS A CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT.

2

Exhibit 10.34

EXHIBIT A

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF PERFORMANCE UNIT AWARD

This Agreement and the Plan constitute the entire agreement between the Company and you with regard to the PSUs pertaining to the Common Stock described in the Notice.

1.    Grant and Acceptance of Terms. The Company grants you an award of PSUs as described in the Notice. Your acceptance and retention of the award described in the Notice, as evidenced by your electronic acceptance of this Agreement, shall constitute your acceptance of the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Plan. Your acceptance of this Agreement is entirely voluntary on your part and is not required as a condition of employment. If there is a conflict between the Plan, this Agreement, or any other agreement governing the PSUs, those documents will take precedence and prevail in the following order: (a) the Plan, (b) this Agreement, and (c) any other agreement between the Company and you governing these PSUs (provided that any applicable vesting acceleration arising from a service agreement between you and the Company or a severance or change in control policy of the Company will apply to the PSUs).

2.    Your Rights with Respect to the PSUs.

a.    Company’s Obligation to Pay. Each PSU is a right to receive a Share on the date it vests. Until an PSU vests, you have no right to payment of the Share. Before a vested PSU is paid, the PSU is an unsecured obligation of the Company, payable (if at all) only from the Company’s general assets. A vested PSU will be paid to you (or in the event of your death, to your estate or such other person as specified in Section 6 below) in whole Shares as soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the vesting date), subject to you satisfying any obligations for Tax-Related Items (as defined in Section 9(a)(i) of this Agreement) and any delay in payment required under Section 9(b)(i) of this Agreement. You cannot specify (directly or indirectly) the taxable year of the payment of any vested PSU under this Agreement

b.    Stockholder Rights. Upon vesting, the PSUs granted pursuant to the Notice will entitle you to the all the rights of a stockholder of the Company’s Common Stock as to the amount of shares of Common Stock (“Shares”) currently vested. Your rights as a stockholder of the Company (including the right to vote and to receive dividends and distributions) will not begin until Shares have been issued and recorded on the records of the Company or its transfer agents or registrars, and your rights with respect to the PSUs will remain forfeitable prior to the date on which such rights become vested.

3.    Vesting. Subject to Section 11 of the Plan and Section 4 of this Agreement, PSUs shall vest as set forth in the Notice and the Addendum. PSUs scheduled to vest on a certain date or upon the occurrence of a certain condition will not vest unless you continue to be an Associate until the time such vesting is scheduled to occur. [Notwithstanding the foregoing or any provision of this Exhibit A to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to approval by the Company’s stockholders pursuant to the rules of the New York Stock Exchange at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (as any such meeting may be adjourned or postponed) of an amendment to the Plan to increase the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the

3

Exhibit 10.34

Plan (such approval, the “Required Shareholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Shareholder Approval is not obtained for any reason (and for the sake of clarity, is not obtained before the occurrence of a vesting event described in this Agreement or the Plan, if applicable), this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the PSUs, including any portion which had previously vested, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Shareholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of PSUs subject to this Agreement, no shares in respect of such PSUs shall be issued, unless and until the Required Shareholder Approval has been obtained.]1

4.    Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of any PSUs at any time, subject to the terms of the Plan. In that case, those PSUs will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

5.    Forfeiture upon Termination or Failure to Satisfy Performance Objectives. If your status as an Associate terminates for any reason, your PSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these PSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination. The Addendum may also provide that, upon the failure to achieve certain performance objectives, your PSUs will immediately stop vesting and any of these PSUs that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon a specified date. The provisions of this Section 5 are subject to the provisions of Section 7 below entitled “Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.”

6.    Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of your status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

7.    Forfeiture of Shares for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a.    If at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after termination of your status as an Associate you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Associate, or within one year after the effective date of your termination, then

i.    any unvested PSUs granted to you shall be canceled;

ii.    with respect to any Shares received by you pursuant the settlement of the PSUs within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your termination date, you shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the proceeds of any sale or distribution of those Shares (the “Forfeited Shares”), or, if still held by you, the aggregate fair market value of such Forfeited Shares as of the date of vesting; and

1Include this clause only for those equity awards that are contingent on shareholder approval.

4

Exhibit 10.34

iii.    the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such Forfeited Shares any amounts owed to you by the Company.

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Associate includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b.    The prohibited activities include:

i.    accepting employment with or serving as a consultant, advisor or in any other capacity to anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company;

ii.    disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

iii.    any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any Associate in order to solicit or induce any Associate of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv.    any attempt, directly or indirectly, to solicit the trade or business of any current or prospective customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company;

v.    the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

vi.    participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vii.    a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company’s insider trading policies; or

viii.    conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c.    Upon receipt of any Shares pursuant to Section 2 of this Agreement, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

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Exhibit 10.34

d.    You may be released from your obligations under this Section 7 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e.    You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 7 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry.

8.    Restriction on Transfer. PSUs may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of by you except as provided under the Plan, and any unauthorized purported sale, assignment, transfer, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition shall be void and unenforceable against the Company. If any PSUs are transferred, this Agreement will be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the heirs, legatees, legal representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties to this Agreement.

9.    Tax Obligations.

a.     Tax Withholding.

i.    No Shares will be issued to you until you make satisfactory arrangements (as determined by the Board or the Committee) for the payment of Tax Withholdings, payment on account or other tax-related items related to your participation in the Plan and legally applicable to you that the Board or the Committee determines must be withheld (“Tax-Related Items”), including those that result from the grant, vesting, or payment of the PSUs, the subsequent sale of Shares acquired pursuant to such payment, or the receipt of any dividends. If you are a non-U.S. employee, the method of payment of Tax-Related Items may be restricted by any Appendix (as defined below). If you fail to make satisfactory arrangements for the payment of any Tax-Related Items under this Agreement when any of these PSUs otherwise are supposed to vest or Tax Related Items related to PSUs otherwise are due, you will permanently forfeit the applicable PSUs and any right to receive Shares under such PSUs, and such PSUs will be returned to the Company at no cost to the Company. For purposes of this Agreement, “Tax Withholdings” means tax, social insurance and social security liability or premium obligations in connection with the PSUs, including, without limitation, (1) all federal, state, and local income, employment and any other taxes (including your U.S. Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) obligation) that are required to be withheld by the Company or applicable Affiliated Company,(2) your fringe benefit tax liability and, to the extent required by the Company, the fringe benefit tax liability of the Company or the applicable Affiliated Company, if any, associated with the grant, vesting, or exercise of the PSUs or sale of Shares issued under the PSUs, and (3) any other taxes or social insurance or social security liabilities or premium the responsibility for which you have, or have agreed to bear, with respect to the PSUs or the Shares subject to the PSUs (“Tax Withholdings”).

ii.    The Company has the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any Tax-Related Items by withholding from proceeds of a sale of Shares acquired upon payment of these PSUs arranged by the Company (on your behalf pursuant to this authorization

6

Exhibit 10.34

without further consent), and this will be the method by which such tax withholding obligations are satisfied until the Company determines otherwise, subject to applicable laws.

iii.    The Company also has the right (but not the obligation) to satisfy any Tax-Related Items by reducing the number of Shares otherwise deliverable to you).

iv.    Further, if you are subject to taxation in more than one jurisdiction between the Date of Grant and the date of any relevant taxable or tax withholding event, the Company and/or any Affiliated Company for whom you are performing services (each, an “Employer”) or former Employer(s) may withhold or account for tax in more than one jurisdiction.

v.    Regardless of any action of the Company or the Employer(s), you acknowledge that the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains your responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or the Employer(s). You further acknowledge that the Company and the Employer(s) (1) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items in connection with any aspect of these PSUs and (2) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of the grant or any aspect of these PSUs to reduce or eliminate your liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result.

b.    Code Section 409A. This Section 9(b) does not apply if you are not a U.S. income taxpayer.

i.    If the vesting of any PSUs is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Associate that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Code Section 409A and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Code Section 409A at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated PSUs would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated PSUs will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

ii.    If your status as an Associate terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Associate, the delay under Section 9(b)(i) of this Agreement will not apply, and these PSUs will be paid in Shares to your estate (or such other person as specified in Section 6 above) as soon as practicable.

iii.    All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of these PSUs or Shares issuable upon the vesting of PSUs will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

7

Exhibit 10.34

iv.    Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

10.    Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your signature on the Notice accepting these PSUs indicates that:

a.    YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THESE PSUS IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS AN ASSOCIATE AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CERTAIN PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES AS SET FORTH IN THE ADDENDUM, AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THESE PSUS WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b.    YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THESE PSUS AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN ASSOCIATE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE EMPLOYER(S) TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN ASSOCIATE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

c.    You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

d.    You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to the Plan or these PSUs (including the Plan, this Agreement, the Plan’s prospectus, and any reports of the Company provided generally to the Company’s stockholders) to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Plan, the delivery of the document via email, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the electronic mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an electronic mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e mail address by telephone, postal service or electronic mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e.    You may deliver any documents related to the Plan or these PSUs to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f.    You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Plan and these PSUs are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

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Exhibit 10.34

g.    You agree that the Plan is established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time, to the extent permitted by the Plan.

h.    You agree that the grant of Awards is voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future grants of performance units or benefits in lieu of performance units, even if performance units have been granted in the past.

i.    You agree that any decisions regarding future Awards will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j.    You agree that you are voluntarily participating in the Plan.

k.    You agree that these PSUs and any Shares acquired under these PSUs are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

l.    You agree that these PSUs, any Shares acquired under these PSUs, and their income and value are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

m.    You agree that the future value of the Shares underlying these PSUs is unknown, indeterminable, and cannot be predicted with certainty.

n.    You agree that, for purposes of these PSUs, your engagement as an Associate is terminated as of the date your service relationship with the Company or any Affiliated Company is terminated (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not the termination is later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company or the terms of your service agreement, if any), unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee.

o.    You agree that any right to vest in these PSUs will be extended by any notice period (e.g., the period that you are an Associate would include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws (including common law, if applicable) in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or by your service agreement or employment agreement, if any) and your termination date will not occur until the end of such period, unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee or required by applicable law.

p.    You agree that the Board or the Committee has the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of these PSUs (including whether you are still considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence).

q.    You agree that neither the Company or any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that

9

Exhibit 10.34

may affect the value of these PSUs or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these PSUs or the subsequent sale of any Shares acquired upon such payment.

r.    You have read and agree to the Data Privacy provisions of Section 11 of this Agreement.

s.    You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these PSUs resulting from the termination of your status as an Associate (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Associate or the terms of your service agreement, if any), and in consideration of the grant of these PSUs to which you are otherwise not entitled, you irrevocably agree never to institute any claim against the Company or any Affiliated Company, waive your ability (if any) to bring any such claim, and release the Company and all Affiliated Companies from any such claim. If any such claim is nevertheless allowed by a court of competent jurisdiction, then your participation in the Plan constitutes your irrevocable agreement to not pursue such claim and to execute any and all documents necessary to request dismissal or withdrawal of such claim.

11.    Data Privacy.

a.    You voluntarily consent to the collection, use and transfer, in electronic or other form, of your personal data as described in this Agreement and any other Award materials (“Data”) by and among, as applicable, the Employer(s), the Company and any Affiliated Company for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering, and managing your participation in the Plan.

b.    You understand that the Company and the Employer(s) may hold certain personal information about you, including, but not limited to, your name, home address and telephone number, date of birth, social insurance number or other identification number, salary, nationality, job title, any shares of stock or directorships held in the Company, details of all equity awards or any other entitlement to stock awarded, canceled, exercised, vested, unvested or outstanding in your favor, for the exclusive purpose of implementing, administering, and managing the Plan.

c.    You understand that Data will be transferred to one or more stock plan service provider(s) selected by the Company, which may assist the Company with the implementation, administration, and management of the Plan. You understand that the recipients of the Data may be located in the United States or elsewhere, and that the recipient’s country (e.g., the United States) may have different data privacy laws and protections than your country. You understand that if you reside outside the United States, you may request a list with the names and addresses of any potential recipients of the Data by contacting your local human resources representative. You authorize the Company and any other possible recipients that may assist the Company (presently or in the future) with implementing, administering and managing the Plan to receive, possess, use, retain and transfer the Data, in electronic or other form, for the sole purposes of implementing, administering and managing your participation in the Plan.

d.    You understand that Data will be held only as long as is necessary to implement, administer and manage your participation in the Plan. You understand that if you reside in certain jurisdictions outside the United States, to the extent required by applicable laws, you

10

Exhibit 10.34

may, at any time, request access to Data, request additional information about the storage and processing of Data, require any necessary amendments to Data or refuse or withdraw the consents given by accepting these PSUs, in any case without cost, by contacting in writing your local human resources representative. Further, you understand that you are providing these consents on a purely voluntary basis. If you do not consent or if you later seek to revoke your consent, your engagement as an Associate with the Employer(s) will not be adversely affected; the only consequence of refusing or withdrawing your consent is that the Company will not be able to grant you awards under the Plan or administer or maintain awards. Therefore, you understand that refusing or withdrawing your consent may affect your ability to participate in the Plan (including the right to retain these PSUs). You understand that you may contact your local human resources representative for more information on the consequences of your refusal to consent or withdrawal of consent.

12.    Modifications to the Agreement. The Plan and this Agreement constitute the entire understanding of the parties on the subjects covered. You expressly warrant that you are not accepting this Agreement in reliance on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those contained herein. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement and the Plan as provided in the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with these PSUs

13.    Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company in care of its stock plan administrator at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered.

14.    Additional Conditions to Issuance of Stock. If the Company determines that the listing, registration, qualification, or rule compliance of the Common Stock on any securities exchange or under any state, federal, or foreign law or the tax code and related regulations or the consent or approval of any governmental regulatory authority is necessary or desirable as a condition to the issuance of Shares to you (or your estate), the Company will try to meet the requirements of any such state, federal, or foreign law or securities exchange and to obtain any such consent or approval of any such governmental authority or securities exchange, but the Shares will not be issued until such conditions have been met in a manner acceptable to the Company.

15.    Clawback. These PSUs (including any proceeds, gains or other economic benefit received by you upon its payment or the subsequent sale of Shares issued upon payment of the PSUs) will be subject to any compensation recovery or clawback policy implemented by the Company before or after the date of this Agreement. This includes any clawback policy adopted to comply with the requirements of applicable laws.

11

Exhibit 10.34

16.    Administration. The Board and the Committee administer the Plan. Your rights under this Agreement are expressly subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, including continued stockholder approval of the Plan, and to any guidelines the Board or the Committee adopts from time to time.

17.    Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

18.    Applicable Law. The Plan, this Agreement, these PSUs, and all determinations made and actions taken under the Plan, to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

19.    Forum Selection At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final nonappealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

20.    Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

21.    Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

22.    Non-U.S. Appendix. These PSUs are subject to any special terms and conditions set forth in any appendix to this Agreement for your country (the “Appendix”). If you relocate to a country included in the Appendix, the special terms and conditions for that country will apply to you to the extent the Company determines that applying such terms and conditions is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons.

12

EX-10.35

Exhibit 10.35

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

LONG-TERM CASH AWARD AGREEMENT

%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-% (the “Executive”)

%%ADDRESS_LINE_1%-%

%%ADDRESS_LINE_2%-%

%%CITY%-%, %%STATE%-% %%ZIPCODE%-%

%%COUNTRY%-%

THIS AWARD AGREEMENT, as of ___________ (the “Effective Date”) by and between LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the executive named above (the “Executive”), is entered into as follows:

WHEREAS, the Company’s current share needs under its equity compensation program exceed the amount of shares available for future issuance under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “2005 Plan”);

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has approved an amendment to the 2005 Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the 2005 Plan (the “Share Increase”), subject to stockholder approval at an annual or special meeting of stockholders (the “Meeting”);

WHEREAS, the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Committee”) has granted contingent time-based restricted stock unit awards (the “Contingent RSUs”) to the Executive that are subject to the receipt of, and will be forfeited in the event the Company does not receive, stockholder approval for the Share Increase;

WHEREAS, in order to provide the Executive with certainty as to his or her compensation in light of the nature of the Contingent RSUs, the Committee has determined to grant Executive a cash award (the “Cash Award”) that will only become effective in the event that stockholder approval of the Share Increase is not received, subject to the restrictions stated below; and

WHEREAS, the amount of the Cash Award shall be determined by multiplying the total amount of restricted stock units granted to the Executive (the “Total Contingent RSUs”) pursuant to that certain Notice of Restricted Stock Unit Award And Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, of even date herewith, by and between the Executive and the Company (the “Contingent RSU Agreement”) by the greater of $______ (the “Floor Price”) or the 20 trading day trailing average ending on the date of the Meeting (the “Meeting Date Trailing Average”).

1

Exhibit 10.35

THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:

1. Grant of Cash Award. The Company hereby grants to the Executive the right to receive the amount of cash equal to the number of Total Contingent RSUs multiplied by the greater of the Floor Price or the Meeting Date Trailing Average and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

2. Stockholder Approval. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to stockholder approval of the Share Increase at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (the “Required Stockholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Stockholder Approval is obtained, this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the Cash Award, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Stockholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of all or a portion of the Cash Award subject to this Agreement, no cash shall be issued, unless and until the Required Stockholder Approval fails to have been obtained.

3. Vesting. The interest of the Executive in the Cash Award shall vest and become nonforfeitable if the Executive remains in the employ of the Company or any of its subsidiaries on a continuous basis through the close of business in equal amounts on the vesting dates originally set forth in the Contingent RSU Agreement (each such date a “Vesting Date”). The Executive must be in compliance with the requirements and conditions provided for in this Agreement for the interest of the Executive in the Cash Award to become vested on such vesting dates.

4. Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of all or any portion of the Cash Award at any time. In that case, such Cash Award will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

5. Benefit Upon Vesting. As soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the Vesting Date), the Company shall pay to the Executive (or the Executive’s estate in the event of death) cash in the amount equal to that portion of the Cash Award that has become vested as of such Vesting Date.

6. Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided for in this Agreement, neither this Agreement nor the Cash Award granted hereunder may be sold, pledged or otherwise transferred.

2

Exhibit 10.35

7. Forfeiture upon Termination. If your status as an Executive terminates for any reason, your Cash Award will immediately stop vesting and any remaining portions of your Cash Award that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination (the “Termination Date”). The provisions of this Section 7 are subject to the provisions of Section 9 below entitled “Forfeiture of Cash Award for Engaging in Certain Activities.” For purposes of the Cash Award, the “Termination Date” shall be considered to occur (regardless of the reason for termination of your service and whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Executive or otherwise providing services or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any) as of the date you are no longer actively providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company (as defined in the 2005 Plan) and shall not be extended by any notice period (e.g., your period of service will not include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Executive or otherwise providing services, or the terms of your employment or service agreement, if any). The Board shall have the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of your Cash Award (including whether you may still be considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if there is a conflict between this Agreement and any other document or Company policy governing your rights upon termination of employment including, but not limited to, any applicable employment agreement, any applicable severance or change in control policy of the Company, any Board-approved policy, practices, guidelines or resolution or otherwise, such other document shall control with respect to such subject matter. For the avoidance of doubt, any practices, procedures or guidelines adopted by the Board or its Compensation Committee to govern the Company’s equity compensation program shall apply to the Cash Award as if it were a time-based RSU award.

8. Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of its status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

9. Forfeiture of Cash Award for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a. If at any time during your service as an Executive, [or within one year after your Termination Date,]1 you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Executive, or within one year after your Termination Date, then:

i. any unvested portion of the Cash Award granted to you shall be canceled;

ii. with respect to any portion of the Cash Award received by you within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your Termination Date, you shall pay to the Company an equal cash amount; and

iii. the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such forfeited cash amount any amounts owed to you by the Company.

1To be included only if the Executive’s state of residence is not California.

3

Exhibit 10.35

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Executive[, or within one year after your Termination Date,]1 includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b. The prohibited activities include:

i. any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, [to use the trade secrets of the Company]2 to solicit, sell to, assist, divert or induce, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company with whom you have had personal contact and/or with whom you have done business while employed at any time for the Company or any Affiliated Company;

ii. disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information or material concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

iii. any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any employee in order to solicit or induce any employee of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv. the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

v. participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vi. a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company's insider trading policies; or

vii. conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c. Upon receipt of any portion of the Cash Award, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

d. You may be released from your obligations under this Section 9 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e. You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 9 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities unrelated to data connectivity services, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry altogether.

2To be included only if the Executive’s state of residence is California.

4

Exhibit 10.35

10. Code Section 409A.

a. If the vesting of any portion of the Cash Award is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Executive that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(h).and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A 1(i)(1) at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated Cash Award would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated Cash Award will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

b. If your status as an Executive terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Executive, the delay under Section 10(a) of this Agreement will not apply, and the Cash Award will be paid as specified in Section 8 above.

c. All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of the Cash Award will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

d. Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

11. Taxes. The Executive is responsible for any federal, state, local or other taxes with respect to the Cash Award whether incurred at grant, vesting, prior to vesting, or at any other time. The Company does not guarantee any particular tax treatment or results in connection with the Cash Award. To the extent the Company or any Affiliated Company is required to withhold any federal, state, local or other taxes in connection with this Agreement, the Executive shall pay the tax or make provisions that are satisfactory to the Company or any Affiliated Company for the payment thereof. Unless otherwise provided for by the Executive, the Company or such Affiliated Company, as applicable, shall retain a portion of the Cash Award otherwise deliverable hereunder with a value equal to the required withholding in order to satisfy the withholding obligation.

12. Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your acceptance of the Cash Award through the Company’s electronic or online acceptance process, or your signature on this Agreement, indicates that:

a. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THE CASH AWARD IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING YOUR SERVICE AS AN EXECUTIVE AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THIS CASH AWARD WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b. YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THIS CASH AWARD AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN EXECUTIVE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY OR SERVICE RECIPIENT TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN EXECUTIVE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE, SUBJECT TO APPLICABLE LAWS.

5

Exhibit 10.35

c. You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

d. You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to this Cash Award to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Cash Awards, the delivery of the document via e-mail, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the e-mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an e-mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e-mail address by telephone, postal service or e-mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e. You may deliver any documents related to the Cash Award to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third-party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f. You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Cash Awards are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

g. You agree that the Cash Awards were established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time.

h. You agree that the grant of the Cash Awards is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future cash awards or benefits, even if cash awards have been granted in the past.

i. You agree that any decisions regarding future Cash Awards or other awards, if any, will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j. You agree that these Cash Awards acquired are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

k. You agree that these Cash Awards are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, but not limited to, for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

l. Unless otherwise agreed with the Company in writing, the Cash Awards, are not granted as consideration for, or in connection with, the service you may provide as a director of an Affiliated Company.

m. You agree that neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of these Cash Awards or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these Cash Awards.

6

Exhibit 10.35

n. You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these Cash Awards resulting from the termination of your status as an Executive (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Executive or the terms of your service agreement, if any).

13. Modifications to the Agreement. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement as provided herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with the Cash Award.

14. Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 14, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered.

15. Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

16. Applicable Law. This Agreement to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

17. Forum Selection. At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final non-appealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

18. Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

7

Exhibit 10.35

19. Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

20. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

[SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]

8

Exhibit 10.35

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its duly authorized officer and the Executive has also executed this Agreement, as of the Grant Date.

LIVERAMP HOLDING, INC.

By: _______________________

Name: _______________________

Title: _______________________

The Executive hereby accepts this Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

EXECUTIVE

____________________________

9

EX-10.36

Exhibit 10.36

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

LONG-TERM CASH AWARD AGREEMENT

%%FIRST_NAME%-% %%LAST_NAME%-% (the “Executive”)

%%ADDRESS_LINE_1%-%

%%ADDRESS_LINE_2%-%

%%CITY%-%, %%STATE%-% %%ZIPCODE%-%

%%COUNTRY%-%

THIS AWARD AGREEMENT, as of ___________ (the “Effective Date”) by and between LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and the executive named above (the “Executive”), is entered into as follows:

WHEREAS, the Company’s current share needs under its equity compensation program exceed the amount of shares available for future issuance under the Amended and Restated 2005 Equity Compensation Plan of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “2005 Plan”);

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has approved an amendment to the 2005 Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the 2005 Plan (the “Share Increase”), subject to stockholder approval at an annual or special meeting of stockholders (the “Meeting”);

WHEREAS, the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Committee”) has granted contingent performance unit awards (the “Contingent PSUs”) to the Executive that are subject to the receipt of, and will be forfeited in the event the Company does not receive, stockholder approval for the Share Increase;

WHEREAS, in order to provide the Executive with certainty as to his or her compensation in light of the nature of the Contingent PSUs, the Committee has determined to grant Executive a cash award (the “Cash Award”) that will only become effective in the event that stockholder approval of the Share Increase is not received, subject to the restrictions stated below; and

WHEREAS, the amount of the Cash Award shall be determined by multiplying the target amount of performance units granted to the Executive (the “Contingent PSUs”) pursuant to that certain Notice of Performance Unit Award And Performance Unit Agreement, of even date herewith, by and between the Executive and the Company (the “Contingent PSU Agreement”) by the greater of $______ (the “Floor Price”) or the 20 trading day trailing average ending on the date of the Meeting (the “Meeting Date Trailing Average”);

WHEREAS, the Cash Award shall vest, if at all, in an amount ranging from 0% to 200% of the Cash Award based on satisfaction of the service-based and performance-based vesting components set forth in the Addendum attached to the Contingent PSU Agreement (the “Performance Addendum”).

1

Exhibit 10.36

THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows:

1. Grant of Cash Award. The Company hereby grants to the Executive the right to receive the amount of cash equal to the number of Contingent PSUs multiplied by the greater of the Floor Price or the Meeting Date Trailing Average and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Performance Addendum, which is incorporated herein by reference.

2. Stockholder Approval. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, (1) this Agreement is contingent upon and subject to stockholder approval of the Share Increase at an annual or special meeting of stockholders to be held prior to the first vesting event hereunder (the “Required Stockholder Approval”), (2) in the event that the Required Stockholder Approval is obtained, this Agreement shall be null and void and the Participant shall have no rights or interest of any kind with respect to the Cash Award, and (3) if an event occurs prior to the receipt of the Required Stockholder Approval that would otherwise result in the vesting of all or a portion of the Cash Award subject to this Agreement, no cash shall be issued, unless and until the Required Stockholder Approval fails to have been obtained.

3. Vesting. The interest of the Executive in the Cash Award shall vest and become nonforfeitable pursuant to the satisfaction of the service-based and performance-based vesting components and on the vesting dates originally set forth in the Performance Addendum (each such date a “Vesting Date”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Cash Award may vest, if at all, in an amount ranging from 0% to 200% of the Cash Award amount based on satisfaction of the service-based and performance-based vesting components set forth in the Performance Addendum on the same terms and conditions that the Contingent PSUs would have been earned and vested. The Executive must be in compliance with the requirements and conditions provided for in this Agreement for the interest of the Executive in the Cash Award to become vested on such vesting dates.

4. Board and Committee Discretion. The Board and the Committee have the discretion to accelerate the vesting of all or any portion of the Cash Award at any time. In that case, such Cash Award will be vested as of the date specified by the Board or the Committee.

5. Benefit Upon Vesting. As soon as practicable after vesting (but no later than 60 days following the Vesting Date), the Company shall pay to the Executive (or the Executive’s estate in the event of death) cash in the amount equal to that portion of the Cash Award that has become vested as of such Vesting Date.

6. Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided for in this Agreement, neither this Agreement nor the Cash Award granted hereunder may be sold, pledged or otherwise transferred.

2

Exhibit 10.36

7. Forfeiture upon Termination or Failure to Satisfy Performance Objectives. If your status as an Executive terminates for any reason, your Cash Award will immediately stop vesting and any remaining portions of your Cash Award that have not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon the effective date of your termination. The Performance Addendum may also provide that, upon the failure to achieve certain performance objectives, your Cash Award will immediately stop vesting and any portion of the Cash Award that has not yet vested will be forfeited by you upon a specified date. The provisions of this Section 7 are subject to the provisions of Section 9 below entitled “Forfeiture of Cash Award for Engaging in Certain Activities.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, if there is a conflict between this Agreement and any other document or Company policy governing your rights upon termination of employment including, but not limited to, any applicable employment agreement, any applicable severance or change in control policy of the Company, any Board-approved policy, practices, guidelines or resolution or otherwise, such other document shall control with respect to such subject matter. For the avoidance of doubt, any practices, procedures or guidelines adopted by the Board or its Compensation Committee to govern the Company’s equity compensation program shall apply to the Cash Award as if it were a PSU award.

8. Death. Any distribution or delivery to be made to you under this Agreement will, if you are then deceased, be made to the administrator or executor of your estate or, if the Board or the Committee permits, your designated beneficiary. Any such transferee must furnish the Company with (a) written notice of its status as transferee, and (b) evidence satisfactory to the Company to establish the validity of the transfer and compliance with any laws or regulations that apply to the transfer.

9. Forfeiture of Cash Award for Engaging in Certain Activities.

a. If at any time during your service as an Executive[, or within one year after termination of your status as an Executive,]1 you engage in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company and/or any Affiliated Companies, or if you engage in any of the prohibited activities listed in subsection (b) below at any time during your service as an Executive, or within one year after the effective date of your termination, then:

i. any unvested portion of the Cash Award granted to you shall be canceled;

ii. with respect to any portion of the Cash Award received by you within the three-year period before and the three-year period after your termination date, you shall pay to the Company an equal cash amount; and

iii. the Company shall be entitled to set off against the amount of any such forfeited cash amount any amounts owed to you by the Company.

Engaging in any activity which competes with any activity of the Company during your service as an Executive, includes any attempt, directly or indirectly, either individually or on behalf of anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company, to solicit, sell to, assist, divert, accept or receive the trade or business of any customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company for the benefit of any person or entity other than the Company or any Affiliated Company.

b. The prohibited activities include:

i. accepting employment with or serving as a consultant, advisor or in any other capacity to anyone that is in competition with or acting against the interests of the Company;

1To be included only if the Executive’s state of residence is not California

3

Exhibit 10.36

ii. disclosing or misusing any trade secrets or confidential information or material concerning the Company or any Affiliated Company;

iii. any attempt, directly or indirectly, to use non-public information regarding the skills, ability or compensation of any employee in order to solicit or induce any employee of the Company or any Affiliated Company to be employed or perform services elsewhere;

iv. an attempt, directly or indirectly, [to use the trade secrets of the Company]2 to solicit the trade or business of any current or prospective customer of the Company or any Affiliated Company;

v. the failure or refusal to disclose promptly and to assign to the Company all right, title and interest in any invention or idea made or conceived in whole or in part by you in the course of your employment by the Company or any Affiliated Company, relating to the actual or anticipated business, research or development work of the Company or any Affiliated Company, or the failure or refusal to do anything reasonably necessary to enable the Company or any Affiliated Company to secure a patent or other intellectual property right;

vi. participating in a hostile takeover attempt against the Company;

vii. a material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, the Company's insider trading policies; or

viii. conduct related to your employment for which you have been convicted of criminal conduct or for which you have been assessed civil penalties.

c. Upon receipt of any portion of the Cash Award, you agree to certify, if requested by the Company, that you are in compliance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement.

d. You may be released from your obligations under this Section 9 only if the Board or the Committee, or its authorized designee(s), determines in its sole discretion that to do so is in the best interests of the Company.

e. You acknowledge the Company has a valid and reasonable interest in protecting its trade secrets, confidential information and goodwill, and the prohibitions of this Section 9 are not intended to restrain you in the pursuit of other employment opportunities unrelated to data connectivity services, nor are they intended to prohibit you from working in the data connectivity services industry altogether.

10. Code Section 409A.

a. If the vesting of any portion of the Cash Award is accelerated in connection with a termination of your status as an Executive that is a “separation from service” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(h).and (x) you are a “specified employee” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A 1(i)(1) at that time and (y) the payment of such accelerated Cash Award would result in the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A if paid to you within the 6-month period following such termination, then the accelerated Cash Award will not be paid until the first day after the 6-month period ends.

2To be included only if the Executive’s state of residence is California.

4

Exhibit 10.36

b. If your status as an Executive terminates due to death or you die after you stop being an Executive, the delay under Section 10(a) of this Agreement will not apply, and the Cash Award will be paid as specified in Section 8 above.

c. All payments and benefits under this Agreement are intended to be exempt from Code Section 409A or comply with any requirements necessary to avoid the imposition of additional tax under Code Section 409A(a)(1)(B) so that none of the Cash Award will be subject to the additional tax imposed under Code Section 409A, and any ambiguities or ambiguous terms will be interpreted according to that intent. In no event will the Company or any Affiliated Company have any obligation or liability to reimburse, indemnify, or hold you harmless for any taxes imposed, or other costs incurred, as a result of Code Section 409A.

d. Each payment under this Agreement is a separate payment under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).

11. Taxes. The Executive is responsible for any federal, state, local or other taxes with respect to the Cash Award whether incurred at grant, vesting, prior to vesting, or at any other time. The Company does not guarantee any particular tax treatment or results in connection with the Cash Award. To the extent the Company or any Affiliated Company is required to withhold any federal, state, local or other taxes in connection with this Agreement, the Executive shall pay the tax or make provisions that are satisfactory to the Company or such Affiliated Company for the payment thereof. Unless otherwise provided for by the Executive, the Company or such Affiliated Company, as applicable, shall retain a portion of the Cash Award otherwise deliverable hereunder with a value equal to the required withholding in order to satisfy the withholding obligation.

12. Acknowledgements and Agreements. You acknowledge that your acceptance of this Agreement is voluntary and is not required as a condition of employment. Your acceptance of the Cash Award through the Company’s electronic or online acceptance process, or your signature on this Agreement, indicates that:

a. YOU ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THE VESTING OF THE CASH AWARD IS EARNED ONLY BY CONTINUING AS AN EXECUTIVE AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CERTAIN PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES AS SET FORTH IN THE PERFORMANCE ADDENDUM AND THAT BEING HIRED OR BEING GRANTED THIS CASH AWARD WILL NOT RESULT IN VESTING.

b. YOU FURTHER ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THIS CASH AWARD AND THIS AGREEMENT DO NOT CREATE AN EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PROMISE OF CONTINUED ENGAGEMENT AS AN EXECUTIVE FOR THE VESTING PERIOD, FOR ANY PERIOD, OR AT ALL AND WILL NOT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH YOUR RIGHT OR THE RIGHT OF THE COMPANY OR SERVICE RECIPIENT TO TERMINATE YOUR RELATIONSHIP AS AN EXECUTIVE AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE, SUBJECT TO APPLICABLE LAWS.

c. You agree that this Agreement and its incorporated documents reflect all agreements on its subject matters and that you are not accepting this Agreement based on any promises, representations, or inducements other than those reflected in this Agreement.

5

Exhibit 10.36

d. You agree that the Company’s delivery of any documents related to this Cash Award to you may be made by electronic delivery, which may include but does not necessarily include the delivery of a link to a Company intranet or to the Internet site of a third party involved in administering the Cash Awards, the delivery of the document via e-mail, or any other means of electronic delivery specified by the Company. If the attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails, you will be provided with a paper copy of the documents. You acknowledge that you may receive from the Company a paper copy of any documents that were delivered electronically at no cost to you by contacting the Company by telephone or in writing. You may revoke your consent to the electronic delivery of documents or may change the e-mail address to which such documents are to be delivered (if you have provided an e-mail address) at any time by notifying the Company of such revoked consent or revised e-mail address by telephone, postal service or e-mail. Finally, you understand that you are not required to consent to electronic delivery of documents.

e. You may deliver any documents related to the Cash Award to the Company by e-mail or any other means of electronic delivery approved by the Board or the Committee, but you must provide the Company or any designated third-party administrator with a paper copy of any documents if your attempted electronic delivery of such documents fails.

f. You accept that all good faith decisions or interpretations of the Board or the Committee regarding the Cash Awards are binding, conclusive, and final. No member of the Board or the Committee will be personally liable for any such decisions or interpretations.

g. You agree that the Cash Awards were established voluntarily by the Company, is discretionary in nature, and may be amended, suspended, or terminated by the Company at any time.

h. You agree that the grant of the Cash Awards is exceptional, voluntary and occasional and does not create any contractual or other right to receive future cash awards or benefits, even if cash awards have been granted in the past.

i. You agree that any decisions regarding future Cash Awards or other awards, if any, will be in the Company’s sole discretion.

j. You agree that these Cash Awards acquired are not intended to replace any pension rights or compensation.

k. You agree that these Cash Awards are not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including, but not limited to, for calculating any severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, dismissal, end-of-service payments, bonuses, holiday pay, long-service awards, pension or retirement or welfare benefits, or similar payments.

l. You agree that, for purposes of this Cash Award, your engagement as an Executive is terminated as of the date your service relationship with the Company or any Affiliated Company is terminated (regardless of the reason for such termination and whether or not the termination is later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are providing services to the Company or any Affiliated Company or the terms of your service agreement, if any), unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee.

6

Exhibit 10.36

m. You agree that any right to vest in this Cash Award will be extended by any notice period (e.g., the period that you are an Executive would include any contractual notice period or any period of “garden leave” or similar period mandated under employment laws (including common law, if applicable) in the jurisdiction where you are an Executive or by your service agreement or employment agreement, if any) and your termination date will not occur until the end of such period, unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or determined by the Board or the Committee or required by applicable law.

n. You agree that the Board or the Committee has the exclusive discretion to determine when you are no longer actively providing services for purposes of this Cash Award (including whether you are still considered to be providing services while on a leave of absence).

o. You agree that neither the Company nor any Affiliated Company is liable for any foreign exchange rate fluctuation between your local currency and the United States Dollar that may affect the value of these Cash Awards or of any amounts due to you from the payment of these Cash Awards.

p. You agree that you have no claim or entitlement to compensation or damages from any forfeiture of these Cash Awards resulting from the termination of your status as an Executive (for any reason whatsoever, whether or not later found to be invalid or in breach of employment laws in the jurisdiction where you are an Executive or the terms of your service agreement, if any), and in consideration of the grant of this Cash Award to which you are otherwise not entitled, you irrevocably agree never to institute any claim against the Company or any Affiliated Company, waive your ability (if any) to bring any such claim, and release the Company and all Affiliated Companies from any such claim. If any such claim is nevertheless allowed by a court of competent jurisdiction, then your participation in the Plan constitutes your irrevocable agreement to not pursue such claim and to execute any and all documents necessary to request dismissal or withdrawal of such claim

13. Modifications to the Agreement. All amendments to this Agreement shall be in writing executed by a duly authorized officer of the Company; provided that this Agreement is subject to the power of the Board and/or the Committee to amend this Agreement as provided herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to revise this Agreement as it deems necessary or advisable, in its sole discretion and without your consent, to comply with Code Section 409A, to otherwise avoid imposition of any additional tax or income recognition under Code Section 409A in connection with the Cash Award.

14. Notices. Any notice to be given under this Agreement to the Company shall be addressed to the Company at LiveRamp Holdings, Inc., 225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor, San Francisco, CA 94104, until the Company designates another address in writing. Any notice to be given to you shall be addressed to you at the address listed in the Company’s records. By a notice given pursuant to this Section 14, either party may designate a different address for notices. Any notice shall have been deemed given when actually delivered.

15. Clawback. This Cash Award will be subject to any compensation recovery or clawback policy implemented by the Company before or after the date of this Agreement. This includes any clawback policy adopted to comply with the requirements of applicable laws.

16. Severability. If any part of this Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not serve to invalidate any part of this Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any part so declared unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which gives effect to the terms of such part to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

7

Exhibit 10.36

17. Applicable Law. This Agreement to the extent not otherwise governed by the laws of the United States, will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

18. Forum Selection. At all times each party hereto: (i) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any California court or Federal court sitting in the Northern District of California; (ii) agrees that any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby will be heard and determined in such California or Federal court; (iii) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably waives (a) any objection such party may have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in any of such courts, or (b) any claim that such party may have that any such action or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (iv) to the extent permitted by law, irrevocably agrees that a final non-appealable judgment in any such action or proceeding will be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law. Nothing in this section entitled “Forum Selection” will affect the right of any party hereto to serve legal process in any manner permitted by law.

19. Headings. Headings are for convenience only and are not to serve as a basis for interpretation or construction of this Agreement.

20. Waiver. You acknowledge that a waiver by the Company of a breach of any provision of this Agreement will not operate or be construed as a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement or of any subsequent breach of this Agreement by you.

21. Imposition of Other Requirements. The Company reserves the right to impose other requirements, to the extent the Company determines it is necessary or advisable for legal or administrative reasons, and to require you to sign any additional agreements or undertakings that may be necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

[SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]

8

Exhibit 10.36

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Agreement to be executed on its behalf by its duly authorized officer and the Executive has also executed this Agreement, as of the Grant Date.

LIVERAMP HOLDING, INC.

By: _______________________

Name: _______________________

Title: _______________________

The Executive hereby accepts this Agreement on the terms and conditions set forth herein.

EXECUTIVE

____________________________

9

EX-21

EXHIBIT 21

SUBSIDIARIES OF LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC.

U.S. SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiary	Organized or Incorporated	Percent of Equity Securities Owned		Doing Business As
LiveRamp, Inc.	Delaware	100	%	LiveRamp, Inc.
Data Plus Math Corporation	Delaware	100	%	Data Plus Math
DataFleets Ltd.	Delaware	100 %		DataFleets
Diablo.ai, Inc.	Delaware	100 %		Diablo.ai
INTERNATIONAL SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiary	Organized or Incorporated	Percent of Equity Securities Owned		Doing Business As
LiveRamp India Private Limited	India	100 %		LiveRamp India Private Limited
LiveRamp Australia Pty Limited	Australia	100	%	LiveRamp Australia Pty Limited
LiveRamp France SAS	France	100	%	LiveRamp France SAS
LiveRamp UK Ltd.	UK	100	%	LiveRamp UK Ltd.
LiveRamp Greater China Information Services Ltd.	China	100	%	LiveRamp Greater China Information Services Ltd.
LiveRamp Japan K.K.	Japan	100	%	LiveRamp Japan K.K.
LiveRamp Netherlands B.V.	Netherlands	100	%	LiveRamp Netherlands B.V.
LiveRamp (NZ) Limited	New Zealand	100 %		LiveRamp (NZ) Limited
LiveRamp PTE. Ltd.	Singapore	100	%	LiveRamp PTE. Ltd.

EX-23

EXHIBIT 23

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-239470, 333-258563, and 333-262790) on Form S-3 and in the registration statements (Nos. 333-91395, 333-127743, 333-197463, 333-214926, 333-214927, 333-219839, 333-227540, 333-231823, 333-232963, and 333-254302) on Form S-8 of our report dated May 24, 2022, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Dallas, Texas

May 24, 2022

EX-24

EXHIBIT 24

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:That the undersigned, a director or officer, or both, of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. ("the Company"), acting pursuant to authorization of the Company’s Board of Directors, hereby appoints Catherine L. Hughes and Jerry C. Jones, or any one of them, attorneys-in-fact and agents for me and in my name and on my behalf, individually and as a director or officer, or both, of the Company, to sign the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2022, together with any amendments thereto, and to file the same, together with any exhibits and all other documents related thereto, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting to said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and any act necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in person, duly ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue of the power herein granted.

Executed as of the 24th day of May, 2022.

Signed: /s/ John L. Battelle

Name:JOHN L. BATTELLE, Director

Signed: /s/ Timothy R. Cadogan

Name: TIMOTHY R. CADOGAN, Director

Signed: /s/ Vivian Chow

Name: VIVIAN CHOW, Director

Signed: /s/ Richard P. Fox

Name: RICHARD P. FOX, Director

Signed: /s/ Scott E. Howe

Name: SCOTT E. HOWE, Director and Chief Executive Officer

             (principal executive officer)

Signed: /s/ Clark M. Kokich

Name: CLARK M. KOKICH, Director

            (Non-Executive Chairman of the Board)

Signed: /s/ Kamakshi Sivaramakrishnan

Name: KAMAKSHI SIVARAMAKRISHNAN, Director

Signed: /s/ Omar Tawakol

Name: OMAR TAWAKOL, Director

Signed: /s/ Debora B. Tomlin

Name: DEBORA B. TOMLIN, Director

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION

I, Scott E. Howe, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: May 24, 2022	By:	/s/ Scott E. Howe
		(Signature)
		Scott E. Howe
		Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

LIVERAMP HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION

I, Warren C. Jenson, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c.evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d.disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b.any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: May 24, 2022	By:	/s/ Warren C. Jenson
		(Signature)
		Warren C. Jenson
		President, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director of International

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ending March 31, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Scott E. Howe, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 /s/ Scott E. Howe

Scott E. Howe

Chief Executive Officer

May 24, 2022

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ending March 31, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Warren C. Jenson, President, Chief Financial Officer & Executive Managing Director of International of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to my knowledge, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 /s/ Warren C. Jenson

Warren C. Jenson

President, Chief Financial Officer and Executive Managing Director of International

May 24, 2022

XML

COVER PAGE - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	May 19, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2022
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--03-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38669
Entity Registrant Name	LiveRamp Holdings, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	83-1269307
Entity Address, Address Line One	225 Bush Street, Seventeenth Floor
Entity Address, City or Town	San Francisco
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94104
City Area Code	866
Local Phone Number	352-3267
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.10 Par Value
Trading Symbol	RAMP
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 2,795,923,382
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		68,410,454
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the Proxy Statement for the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (“2022 Proxy Statement”) of LiveRamp Holdings, Inc. (“LiveRamp,” the “Company,” “we”, “us”, or “our”) are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
Entity Central Index Key	0000733269
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY

XML

AUDIT INFORMATION	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	KPMG LLP
Auditor Location	Dallas, Texas
Auditor Firm ID	185

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 600,162	$ 572,787
Restricted cash	0	8,900
Trade accounts receivable, net	148,343	114,284
Refundable income taxes	30,354	65,692
Other current assets	36,975	64,052
Total current assets	815,834	825,715
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	11,531	11,957
Intangible assets, net	26,718	39,730
Goodwill	363,845	357,446
Deferred commissions, net	30,594	22,619
Other assets, net	85,214	30,854
Total assets	1,333,736	1,288,321
Current liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	83,197	39,955
Accrued payroll and related expenses	39,188	46,438
Other accrued expenses	46,067	58,353
Acquisition escrow payable	0	8,900
Deferred revenue	16,114	11,603
Total current liabilities	184,566	165,249
Other liabilities	86,110	42,389
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value (authorized 1 million shares; issued 0 shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	0	0
Common stock, $0.10 par value (authorized 200 million shares; issued 149.8 million and 147.8 million shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	14,984	14,781
Additional paid-in capital	1,721,118	1,630,072
Retained earnings	1,420,993	1,454,826
Accumulated other comprehensive income	5,730	7,522
Treasury stock, at cost (81.2 million and 79.6 million shares at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively)	(2,099,765)	(2,026,518)
Total stockholders' equity	1,063,060	1,080,683
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 1,333,736	$ 1,288,321

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par or stated value (in dollars per shares)	$ 1.00	$ 1.00
Preferred stock, shares authorized	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock issued (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par or stated value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Common stock, shares authorized	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	149,800,000	147,800,000
Treasury stock, at cost (in shares)	81,200,000	79,600,000

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 528,657	$ 443,026	$ 380,572
Cost of revenue	147,427	144,004	152,704
Gross profit	381,230	299,022	227,868
Operating expenses:
Research and development	157,935	135,111	105,981
Sales and marketing	182,763	177,543	188,905
General and administrative	104,591	104,201	108,903
Gains, losses and other items, net	1,479	2,715	5,001
Total operating expenses	446,768	419,570	408,790
Loss from operations	(65,538)	(120,548)	(180,922)
Total other income (expense), net	30,463	(252)	15,385
Loss before income taxes	(35,075)	(120,800)	(165,537)
Income tax benefit	(1,242)	(30,532)	(40,276)
Net loss from continuing operations	(33,833)	(90,268)	(125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	0	0	750
Net loss	$ (33,833)	$ (90,268)	$ (124,511)
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.85)
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01
Basic earnings (loss) per share (in USD per share)	(0.50)	(1.36)	(1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	(0.50)	(1.36)	(1.85)
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (in USD per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.84)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (33,833)	$ (90,268)	$ (124,511)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,792)	1,777	(2,056)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ (35,625)	$ (88,491)	$ (126,567)

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional paid-in Capital	Retained earnings	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	Treasury Stock
Balance, beginning of the period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		141,865,888				(73,167,892)
Balance, beginning of the period at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 1,330,832	$ 14,187	$ 1,406,813	$ 1,669,605	$ 7,801	$ (1,767,574)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances (in shares)		266,011				(537,694)
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	(19,786)	$ 27	4,709			$ (24,522)
Non-cash stock-based compensation (in shares)		71,211
Non-cash stock-based compensation	65,219	$ 7	65,212
Restricted stock units vested (in shares)		1,342,337
Restricted stock units vested	0	$ 134	(134)
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested (in shares)		393,306
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	17,704	$ 39	17,665
Acquisition-related restricted stock award	2,300		2,300
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)						(4,375,728)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(182,190)					$ (182,190)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation	(2,056)				(2,056)
Net loss	(124,511)			(124,511)
Balance, end of the period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020		143,938,753				(78,081,314)
Balance, end of the period at Mar. 31, 2020	1,087,512	$ 14,394	1,496,565	1,545,094	5,745	$ (1,974,286)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances (in shares)		583,476				(182,730)
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	(1,182)	$ 58	8,680			$ (9,920)
Non-cash stock-based compensation (in shares)		21,736
Non-cash stock-based compensation	84,396	$ 2	84,394
Restricted stock units vested (in shares)		2,186,763
Restricted stock units vested	0	$ 219	(219)
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested (in shares)		1,084,237
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	40,760	$ 108	40,652
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)						(1,321,666)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(42,312)					$ (42,312)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation	1,777				1,777
Net loss	(90,268)			(90,268)
Balance, end of the period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021		147,814,965				(79,585,710)
Balance, end of the period at Mar. 31, 2021	1,080,683	$ 14,781	1,630,072	1,454,826	7,522	$ (2,026,518)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances (in shares)		254,069				(290,675)
Employee stock awards, benefit plans and other issuances	(8,360)	$ 26	6,240			$ (14,626)
Non-cash stock-based compensation (in shares)		52,459
Non-cash stock-based compensation	71,180	$ 5	71,175
Restricted stock units vested (in shares)		1,131,489
Restricted stock units vested	0	$ 113	(113)
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested (in shares)		547,343
Liability-classified restricted stock units vested	13,803	$ 55	13,748
Acquisition-related restricted stock award (in shares)		40,600
Acquisition-related restricted stock award	0	$ 4	(4)
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)						(1,329,211)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(58,621)					$ (58,621)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation	(1,792)				(1,792)
Net loss	(33,833)			(33,833)
Balance, end of the period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022		149,840,925				(81,205,596)
Balance, end of the period at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 1,063,060	$ 14,984	$ 1,721,118	$ 1,420,993	$ 5,730	$ (2,099,765)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (33,833)	$ (90,268)	$ (124,511)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	0	0	(750)
Non-cash operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	24,248	27,741	35,901
Loss on disposal or impairment of assets	183	388	1,725
Gain on distribution from retained profits interest	(30,235)	0	0
Provision for doubtful accounts	4,217	2,915	7,133
Deferred income taxes	(1,540)	(1,418)	(6,878)
Non-cash stock compensation expense	87,257	111,707	89,447
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net	(38,611)	(24,828)	(20,518)
Deferred commissions	(7,975)	(6,605)	(5,273)
Other assets	26,863	(18,772)	(6,144)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	8,850	(116)	24,923
Income taxes, net	33,969	(26,215)	(25,453)
Deferred revenue	4,684	4,911	1,823
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	78,077	(20,560)	(28,575)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(4,499)	(2,182)	(11,711)
Proceeds from sales of assets	0	0	873
Cash paid in acquisitions, net of cash received	(19,107)	(76,012)	(105,365)
Distribution from retained profits interest	31,184	0	0
Purchases of investments	0	(7,500)	0
Purchases of strategic investments	0	(2,200)	0
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	7,578	(87,894)	(116,203)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds related to the issuance of common stock under stock and employee benefit plans	6,266	8,737	4,736
Shares repurchased for tax withholdings upon vesting of stock-based awards	(14,626)	(9,920)	(24,522)
Acquisition of treasury stock	(58,621)	(42,312)	(182,190)
Net cash used in financing activities	(66,981)	(43,495)	(201,976)
Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations	18,674	(151,949)	(346,754)
Cash flows from discontinued operations:
From operating activities	0	0	(207)
From investing activities	0	0	18,582
Net cash provided by discontinued operations	0	0	18,375
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(199)	1,010	(468)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	18,475	(150,939)	(328,847)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	581,687	732,626	1,061,473
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	600,162	581,687	732,626
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash (received) for income taxes, net	(32,916)	(2,911)	(7,344)
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$ 56,182	$ 372	$ 2,707

XML

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:

Description of Business -

LiveRamp is a global technology company with a vision of making it safe and easy for companies to use data effectively. We provide a best-in-class enterprise data connectivity platform that helps organizations better leverage customer data within and outside their four walls. Powered by core identity capabilities and an extensive network, LiveRamp enables companies and their partners to better connect, control, and activate data to transform customer experiences and generate more valuable business outcomes.

LiveRamp is a Delaware corporation headquartered in San Francisco, California. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “RAMP.” We serve a global client base from locations in the United States, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific (“APAC”) region. Our direct client list includes many of the world’s largest and best-known brands across most major industry verticals, including but not limited to financial, insurance and investment services, retail, automotive, telecommunications, high tech, consumer packaged goods, healthcare, travel, entertainment, non-profit, and government. Through our extensive reseller and partnership network, we serve thousands of additional companies, establishing LiveRamp as a foundational and neutral enabler of the customer experience economy.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation -

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. We have prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification and Updates (“ASC” and "ASU") and we consider the various staff accounting bulletins and other applicable guidance issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Our fiscal year ends on March 31. References to fiscal 2022, for example, are to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates -

In preparing consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, we must make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used in determining, among other items, revenue recognition criteria, allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, restructuring and impairment accruals, litigation and facilities lease loss accruals, stock-based compensation, and the recognition and measurement of current and deferred income taxes, including the measurement of uncertain tax positions.

Risks and Uncertainties -

Due to the COVID-19 Coronavirus pandemic ("COVID-19" or "COVID-19 pandemic"), there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. We are not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to our estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of our assets or liabilities as of March 31, 2022. While there was not a material impact to our consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, these estimates may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, as well as other factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic that could result in material impacts to our consolidated financial statements in future reporting periods.

Operating Segments -

The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). Our Chief Executive Officer is our CODM. Our CODM evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. Since we operate as one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Discontinued Operations -

Discontinued operations comprise those activities that have been disposed of during the period or that have been classified as held for sale at the end of the period and represent a separate major line of business or geographical area that can be clearly distinguished for operational and financial reporting purposes. In fiscal 2019, the Company sold its Acxiom Marketing Solutions business (“AMS”) and began reporting the results of operations, cash flows and the balance sheet amounts pertaining to AMS as a component of discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements. The amount recorded in fiscal 2020 relates to the final working capital true-up and receipt of final proceeds.

Unless otherwise indicated, information in the notes to the consolidated financial statements relates to continuing operations.

Loss per Share -

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of basic and diluted loss per share is shown below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		750
Net loss	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(124,511)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Basic loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Dilutive effect of common stock options and restricted stock as computed under the treasury stock method (1)	—		—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)

(1) The number of common stock options and restricted stock units as computed under the treasury stock method that would have otherwise been dilutive but are excluded from the table above because their effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the net loss position of the Company was 1.3 million, 2.7 million, and 2.4 million for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Restricted stock units that were outstanding during the years presented but were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive (other than due to the net loss position of the Company) are shown below (shares in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Number of shares underlying restricted stock units	686	90	1,368

Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents -

The Company considers all highly-liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in bank deposit accounts and short-term, highly-liquid money-market fund investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Revenue Recognition -

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our LiveRamp platform; and (ii) marketplace and other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from access to data through our LiveRamp Data Marketplace, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied.

Identification of the contract

We consider the terms and conditions of the contract and our customary business practices when identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract or contract modification is approved and the parties are committed to performing their respective obligations, we can identify each party's rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the contract has commercial substance, and we have determined that collection of at least some of the contract consideration is probable. At contract inception we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the single or combined contract includes one or multiple performance obligations. We apply judgment in determining the customer's ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer's historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

Identification of the performance obligations

As part of accounting for arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we must assess whether each performance obligation is distinct. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have determined that our subscriptions to the platform are a distinct performance obligation and access to data for revenue-sharing and usage-based arrangements is a distinct performance obligation because, once a customer has access to the platform, the service is fully functional and does not require any additional development, modification, or customization.

Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies. Variable consideration is assessed and included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component.

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on the standalone selling price ("SSP") of each service. We generally determine the SSP based on contractual selling prices when the obligation is sold on a standalone basis, as well as market conditions, competition, and pricing practices. As pricing and marketing strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which could result in changes to SSP.

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied

Revenues are recognized when or as control of the promised services is transferred to customers. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the services are made available to customers. Marketplace and other revenue is typically transactional in nature, tied to a revenue share or volumes purchased. We report revenue from Data Marketplace and other similar transactions on a net basis because our performance obligation is to facilitate a transaction between data providers and data buyers, for which we earn a portion of the gross fee. Consequently, the portion of the gross amount billed to data buyers that is remitted to data providers is not reflected as revenues.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable includes amounts billed to customers as well as unbilled amounts recognized in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies. Unbilled amounts included in trade accounts receivable, net, which generally arise from the performance of services to customers in advance of billings, were $12.5 million at March 31, 2022, and $8.0 million at March 31, 2021.

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowances for credit losses, returns and credits based on the probability of future collections. The probability of future collections is based on specific considerations of historical loss patterns and an assessment of the continuation of such patterns based on past collection trends and known or anticipated future economic events that may impair collectability. Accounts receivable that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include past due status greater than 360 days or bankruptcy of the debtor.

We are monitoring the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and various counterparties and have considered these risks in establishing our reserve balance as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

A summary of the activity of the allowance for credit losses, returns and credits was (dollars in thousands):

For the twelve months ended:	Balance at beginning of period		Additions charged to costs and expenses	Other changes	Bad debts written off, net of amounts recovered	Balance at end of period
March 31, 2020	$	3,007	7,133	86	(2,651)	$	7,575
March 31, 2021	$	7,575	2,915	108	(2,981)	$	7,617
March 31, 2022	$	7,617	4,217	(3)	(1,870)	$	9,961

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized. Deferred revenues are subsequently recorded as revenue when earned in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies.

Deferred Commissions, net -

The Company capitalizes incremental costs to acquire contracts and amortizes them on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, which we have determined to be four years. Net capitalized costs of $8.0 million and $6.6 million were recognized as a reduction of operating expense for the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We did not recognize any impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021, or 2020.

Property and Equipment -

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: leasehold improvements, 5 - 7 years; data processing equipment, 2 - 5 years, and office furniture and other equipment, 3 - 7 years.

Operating Leases -

Right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent the Company's right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time, or term, in exchange for consideration, and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the aforementioned right.

The Company determines if an arrangement is, or contains, a lease at inception, and whether lease and non-lease components are combined or not. Operating leases with a duration of one year or less are excluded from ROU assets and lease liabilities and related expense is recorded as incurred. ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, which includes the minimum unconditional term of the lease, and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain at the commencement date that such options will be exercised. As the rate implicit for each of the Company's leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses judgment in determining its incremental borrowing rate, which includes selecting a yield curve based on a hypothetical credit rating. ROU assets also include any initial direct costs and any lease payments made prior to the lease commencement date and are reduced by any lease incentives received. ROU assets are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Short-term lease liabilities are included in other accrued expenses and long-term lease liabilities are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis as operating lease cost in the consolidated statements of operations.

Business Combinations –

We apply the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for acquisitions. ASC 805 requires us to determine if assets or a business was acquired. If a business was acquired, it requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments resulting from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date and falls within the measurement period to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill -

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business acquisitions accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and is not amortized. Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis in the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such events and changes may include significant changes in performance related to expected operating results, significant changes in asset use, significant changes in asset use, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in our business strategy.

Our test for goodwill impairment starts with a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If qualitative factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed. For the purposes of impairment testing, we have determined that we have three reporting units. We completed our annual impairment test during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and assessed whether there were any triggering events quarterly. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Intangible Assets -

We amortize intangible assets with finite lives over their estimated useful lives and review them for impairment whenever an impairment indicator exists. We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, including our intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. We did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

During fiscal 2022, our intangible assets were amortized over their estimated useful lives ranging from two years to six years. Amortization is based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset will be consumed or on a straight-line basis when the consumption pattern is not apparent. The weighted average useful lives of our intangible assets were as follows:

	Weighted Average Useful Life (years)
Developed technology	4.1
Customer relationships	5.3
Publisher and Data Supply relationships	5.2

Impairment of Long-lived Assets -

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company considers factors such as operating losses, declining outlooks, and business conditions when evaluating the necessity for an impairment analysis. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If such assets are impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

We did not recognize any impairment charges related to long-lived assets in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments -

We apply the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, to our assets and liabilities that we are required to measure at fair value pursuant to other accounting standards. The additional disclosure regarding our fair value measurements is included in Note 18 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers -

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable.

The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions more than federally insured limits. Management, however, believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risk such as foreign exchange contracts, options contracts, or other hedging arrangements.

The Company’s trade accounts receivables are from a large number of customers. Accordingly, the Company’s credit risk is affected by general economic conditions.

At March 31, 2022, there were no customers that represented more than 10% of the trade accounts receivable balance. Our ten largest clients represented approximately 28% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. One client, The Interpublic Group of Companies, accounted for 11% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022.

Income Taxes -

The Company and its domestic subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries file separate income tax returns in the countries in which their operations are based.

The Company makes estimates and judgments in determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. The Company assesses the likelihood that it will be able to recover its deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the Company increases the provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not ultimately be recoverable.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the Company determines that a tax position will more likely than not be sustained on audit, the second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various outcomes.

The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors such as changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues. Determining whether an uncertain tax position is effectively settled requires judgment. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

Foreign Currency -

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our foreign operations generally is the applicable local currency for each foreign subsidiary. The balance sheets of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at period-end rates of exchange, and the statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of equity and comprehensive income (loss). We reflect net foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, resulting from the conversion of the transaction currency to functional currency, as a component of foreign currency exchange gain (loss) in total other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Advertising Expense -

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was approximately $10.5 million, $7.0 million, and $9.8 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising expense is included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Legal Contingencies -

We are currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Quarterly, we review the status of each significant matter and assess our potential financial exposure. We accrue a liability for an estimated loss if the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies provides additional information regarding certain of our legal contingencies.

Stock-Based Compensation -

The Company records stock-based compensation expense according to the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC Topic 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the service period of the award based on their fair values. Under the provisions of ASC Topic 718, the Company determines the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing stock-based payments and the amortization method for compensation cost.

The Company has stock option plans and equity compensation plans (collectively referred to as the “stock-based plans”) administered by the compensation committee of the board of directors (“compensation committee”) under which options and restricted stock units were outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

The Company’s equity compensation plan provides that all employees (employees, officers, directors, affiliates, independent contractors or consultants) are eligible to receive awards (grant of any option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award, performance award, performance share, performance unit, qualified performance-based award, or other stock unit award) under the plan with the terms and conditions applicable to an award set forth in applicable grant documents.

Incentive stock option awards granted under the stock-based plans cannot be granted with an exercise price less than 100% of the per-share market value of the Company’s shares at the date of grant and have a maximum duration of ten years from the date of grant. Board policy currently requires that non-qualified options also must be priced at or above 100% of the fair market value of the common stock at the time of grant with a maximum duration of ten years.

Restricted stock units may be issued under the equity compensation plan and represent the right to receive shares in the future by way of an award agreement that includes vesting provisions. Award agreements can further provide for forfeitures triggered by certain prohibited activities, such as breach of confidentiality. All restricted stock units are expensed over the vesting period and adjusted for forfeitures as incurred. The vesting of some restricted stock units is subject to the Company’s achievement of certain performance criteria, as well as the individual remaining employed by the Company for a period of years.

The Company receives income tax deductions because of the exercise of non-qualified stock options and the vesting of other stock-based awards. To the extent the income tax deductions differ from the corresponding stock-based compensation expense, such excess tax benefits and deficiencies are included as a component of income tax expense and reflected as an operating cash flow included in changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Restructuring –

The Company records costs associated with employee terminations and other exit activity in accordance with ASC 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations, depending on whether the costs relate to exit or disposal activities under the accounting standards, or whether they are other post-employment termination benefits. Under applicable accounting standards for exit or disposal costs, the Company records employee termination benefits as an operating expense when the benefit arrangement is communicated to the employee and no significant future services are required. Under the accounting standards related to post employment termination benefits, the Company records employee termination benefits when the termination benefits are probable and can be estimated. The Company recognizes the present value of facility lease termination obligations, net of estimated sublease income and other exit costs, when the Company has future payments with no future economic benefit or a commitment to pay the termination costs of a prior commitment. In future periods the Company will record accretion expense to increase the liability to an amount equal to the estimated future cash payments necessary to exit the leases. This requires judgment and management estimation to determine the expected time frame for securing a subtenant, the amount of sublease income to be received and the appropriate discount rate to calculate the present value of the future cash flows. Should actual lease exit costs differ from estimates, the Company may be required to adjust the restructuring charge within gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statement of operations in the period any adjustment is recorded. 

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12")	ASU 2019-12 simplified the accounting for income taxes, eliminated certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amended existing guidance to improve consistent application.	April 1, 2021	The effect of prospectively adopting ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures was not material.

Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
There are no material accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company not yet adopted

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS:

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS:

Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary geographical market and major service offerings (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended March 31,
Primary Geographical Markets	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
Asia-Pacific ("APAC")	6,519		4,535		5,346
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572
Major Offerings/Services
Subscription	$	428,617	$	356,597	$	305,679
Marketplace and Other	100,040		86,429		74,893
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

We have performance obligations associated with fixed commitments in customer contracts for future services that have not yet been recognized in our consolidated financial statements. The amount of fixed revenue not yet recognized was $394.2 million as of March 31, 2022, of which $308.5 million will be recognized over the next twelve months. The Company expects to recognize revenue on substantially all of these remaining performance obligations by March 31, 2026.

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LEASES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

LEASES:

LEASES:

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities balances consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021
Right-of-use assets included in other assets, net	$	59,459		$	11,731
Short-term lease liabilities included in other accrued expenses	$	8,984		$	9,608
Long-term lease liabilities included in other liabilities	$	52,241		$	4,158
Supplemental balance sheet information:
Weighted average remaining lease term	6.4 years			1.8 years
Weighted average discount rate	3.6		%	5.0		%

The Company leases its office facilities under non-cancellable operating leases that expire at various dates through fiscal 2030. Certain leases contain provisions for property-related costs that are variable in nature for which the Company is responsible, including common area maintenance and other property operating services. These costs are calculated based on a variety of factors including property values, tax and utility rates, property service fees, and other factors. Operating lease costs were $11.6 million, $11.6 million and $10.1 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

During fiscal 2022, the Company negotiated lease extensions at five of its leased office space locations and new leases for two other office locations. The lease period extensions ranged from 2 to 8 years and included the lease extension of the Company's primary corporate headquarters in San Francisco, California by 7 years. As a result, approximately $56.2 million of new right-of-use assets and lease liabilities were recognized in the consolidated balance sheets and as supplemental information to the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Future minimum payments under all operating leases (including operating leases with a duration of one year or less) as of March 31, 2022 are as follows (dollars in thousands):  

	Amount
Fiscal 2023	$	9,308
Fiscal 2024	11,079
Fiscal 2025	9,700
Fiscal 2026	10,260
Fiscal 2027	9,231
Thereafter	19,610
Total undiscounted lease commitments	69,188
Less: Interest and short-term leases	7,963
Total discounted operating lease liabilities	$	61,225

Future minimum payments as of March 31, 2022 related to restructuring plans as a result of the Company's exit from certain leased office facilities (see Note 4) are as follows (dollars in thousands): Fiscal 2023: $2,663; Fiscal 2024: $2,698; Fiscal 2025: $2,698; and Fiscal 2026: $1,799.

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RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES:

RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES:

Restructuring activities result in various costs, including asset write-offs, exit charges including severance, contract termination fees, and decommissioning and other costs. Any impairment of the asset is recognized immediately in the period the plan is approved.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring liabilities is shown below for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. The restructuring charges and adjustments are included in gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statement of operations. The reserve balances are included in other accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands).

	Employee-related reserves		Lease accruals		Total
Balances at March 31, 2019	4,595		5,688		10,283
Restructuring charges and adjustments	2,291		1,139		3,430
Payments	(6,436)		(584)		(7,020)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	450	$	6,243	$	6,693
Restructuring charges and adjustments	1,663		62		1,725
Payments	(1,288)		(2,387)		(3,675)
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	825	$	3,918	$	4,743
Restructuring charges and adjustments	—		(19)		(19)
Payments	(778)		(872)		(1,650)
Balances at March 31, 2022	$	47	$	3,027	$	3,074

Employee-related Restructuring Plans

In fiscal 2021, the Company recorded a total of $1.7 million in employee-related restructuring charges and adjustments. The expense included severance and other employee-related charges in the United States and Europe. Of the associate-related charges of $1.7 million, $0.1 million remained accrued as of March 31, 2022 and are expected to be paid out during fiscal 2023.

In fiscal 2020, the Company recorded a total of $2.3 million in associate-related restructuring charges and adjustments. The expense included severance and other associate-related charges in APAC of $0.6 million and adjustments to fiscal 2019 associate-related restructuring plans for associates in the United States of $1.7 million, all of which were paid out in fiscal 2020. The fiscal 2020 associate-related accruals of $0.6 million had a remaining balance of $0.2 million at March 31, 2020. This amount was paid out in fiscal 2021.

Lease-related Restructuring Plans

In fiscal 2017, the Company made the strategic decision to exit and sub-lease a certain leased office facility under a staggered-exit plan. The full exit was completed in fiscal 2019. We intend to continue subleasing the facility to the extent possible. The liability will be satisfied over the remainder of the leased property's term, which continues through November 2025. Any future changes in the estimates or in the actual sublease income may require future adjustments to the liabilities, which would impact net earnings (loss) in the period the adjustment is recorded. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recorded a total of $7.3 million of restructuring charges and adjustments related to this lease. Of the amount accrued for this facility lease, $3.0 million remained accrued at March 31, 2022.

In addition to the fiscal 2017 restructured lease discussed above, the Company recorded a $1.0 million settlement in fiscal 2021 for an office space lease cancellation that was paid during the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

Gains, Losses and Other Items, net

The following table summarizes the activity included in gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statements of operations for each of the years presented (dollars in thousands): 

	Twelve Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Restructuring plan charges and adjustments	$	(19)	$	1,725	$	3,430
Early contract terminations	1,042		—		908
Other	456		990		663
	$	1,479	$	2,715	$	5,001

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ACQUISITIONS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

ACQUISITIONS:

ACQUISITIONS:

Rakam

On December 13, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of certain technology assets owned by Rakam, Inc. ("Rakam") for approximately $2.2 million in cash (including a holdback amount of $0.2 million included in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet - see Note 11). The technology asset is a cloud-agnostic customer data analytics platform that is deployed direct in the client's data warehouse. The purchased technology will be embedded into the Company's platform, enabling us to provide a single, unified segmentation solution and enable our clients to generate real-time insights and create custom audiences wherever their data resides.

The Company concluded the acquired assets did not meet the definition of a business under ASU 2017-01, "Clarifying the Definition of a Business" and therefore has accounted for the acquisition as an asset acquisition. The purchased asset was recorded as a $2.2 million developed technology intangible asset included in other assets, net in the consolidated balance sheet and will be amortized over a period of three years based on its estimated useful life.

In connection with acquisition, the Company extended employment agreements and granted $2.6 million of restricted stock units to two key Rakam employees that will be recorded as non-cash stock compensation (see Note 14). The restricted stock units will vest over four years and are not considered part of the asset purchase price as they require future service and continued employment by those individuals to vest.

Diablo

On April 21, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Diablo.ai, Inc. ("Diablo"), a first-party data resolution platform and graph builder, for approximately $9.7 million in cash (including a holdback amount of $1.2 million included in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet - see Note 11). The acquisition also included $1.9 million of assumed restricted stock awards that will be recorded as non-cash stock compensation over a period of three years (see Note 14). Diablo's technology will be embedded into our unified platform and will play an integral role in our global identity capability. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material. The results of operations for this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated results beginning April 21, 2021.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	April 21, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	131
Goodwill	7,012
Intangible assets	3,500
Total assets acquired	10,643
Deferred income taxes	(710)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(65)
Net assets acquired	9,868
Less:
Cash acquired	(131)
Net purchase price allocated	9,737
Less:
Cash held back	(1,200)
Net cash paid in acquisition	8,537

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to the development of future technology and products. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes. The amount allocated to intangible assets in the table is developed technology with a useful life of three years. The Company initially recognized the assets and liabilities acquired based on its preliminary estimates of their fair values as of the acquisition date. As additional information becomes known concerning the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, management may make adjustments to the opening balance sheet of the acquired company up to the end of the measurement period, which is not longer than a one-year period following the acquisition date. The determination of the fair values of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed (and the related determination of the estimated lives of depreciable tangible and identifiable intangible assets) requires significant judgment. As of March 31, 2022, the Company has not completed its analysis of deferred income taxes. The fair value currently assigned to deferred income taxes was based on the information that was available as of the date of the acquisition. The Company expects to finalize the deferred income taxes in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

DataFleets

On February 17, 2021, the Company acquired DataFleets, Ltd. ("DataFleets"), a cloud data platform that enables data silos to be unified without moving data or compromising privacy. This acquisition expands LiveRamp's data protection capabilities to unlock greater data access and control for its customers. In addition, the deal opens up new use cases as well as new markets for distributed data collaboration through the Safe Haven platform. The Company has included the financial results of DataFleets in the consolidated financial statements as of February 17, 2021. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DataFleets was approximately $67.2 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $2.1 million cash acquired	58,264
Restricted cash held in escrow	8,900
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	67,164

On the acquisition date, the Company delivered $8.9 million of cash to an escrow agent according to the terms of the purchase agreement. The principal escrow was owned by the Company until the funds were delivered to the DataFleets sellers in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. All interest and earnings on the principal escrow amount remained the property of the Company.

The total fair value of replacement stock options issued was $2.9 million for future services and will be expensed over the future requisite service periods.

In connection with the DataFleets acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $18.1 million to certain key employees (see Note 14). The consideration holdback is payable in three equal, annual increments, based on the anniversary dates of the acquisition, and is payable in shares of Company common stock. The number of shares to be issued annually will vary based on the market price of the shares on the date of issuance. The consideration holdback is not part of the purchase price, as vesting is dependent on continued employment of the key employees. It will be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense over the three-year earning period.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	February 17, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	2,099
Goodwill	56,436
Intangible assets	11,400
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,119
Total assets acquired	71,054
Deferred income taxes	(1,716)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(75)
Net assets acquired	69,263
Less:
Cash acquired	(2,099)
Net purchase price allocated	67,164
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(8,900)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	58,264

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to expectations to the development of future technology. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.

The amounts allocated to intangible assets in the table above included developed technology, and customer relationships/trade name. Intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(in years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Customer relationships/trade names	400		2
Total intangible assets	$	11,400

The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition date as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material.

Acuity Data

On July 16, 2020, the Company completed the acquisition of Acuity Data ("Acuity"), a team of global retail and consumer packaged goods ("CPG") experts, for approximately $2.9 million in cash. The acquisition also included a three-year performance plan having a maximum potential attainment of $5.1 million that would be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense if achieved. The acquisition strengthens the retail analytics capabilities of our Safe Haven platform by enabling better reporting, insights, and collaboration for retailers and CPG companies, bridging the gap between trade and media by bringing consumers' digital signals and retail transaction data together in a privacy-conscious manner.

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 16, 2020
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	184
Trade accounts receivable	156
Goodwill	2,011
Intangible assets	1,100
Other current and noncurrent assets	43
Total assets acquired	3,494
Deferred income taxes	(288)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(89)
Net assets acquired	3,117
Less:
Cash acquired	(184)
Net cash paid	$	2,933

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to the development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the Acuity assembled workforce. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material.

Data Plus Math

On July 2, 2019, the Company closed its acquisition of Data Plus Math Corporation ("DPM"), a media measurement company that works with brands, agencies, cable operators, streaming TV services and networks to tie cross-screen ad exposure with real-world outcomes. The Company has included the financial results of DPM in the consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date. The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DPM was approximately $118.0 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $0.4 million cash acquired	$	100,886
Restricted cash held in escrow	14,815
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	2,300
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	118,001

On the acquisition date, the Company delivered $14.8 million of cash to an escrow agent according to the terms of the purchase agreement. The principal escrow amount was owned by the Company until funds were delivered to the DPM sellers in the second quarter of fiscal 2021. All interest and earnings on the principal escrow amount remained the property of the Company.

The total fair value of the replacement stock options issued was $7.4 million of which $2.3 million was allocated to the purchase consideration and $5.1 million was allocated to future services and will be expensed over the future requisite service periods (see Note 14).

In connection with the DPM acquisition, the Company agreed to pay $24.7 million to certain key employees (see Note 14). The consideration holdback is payable in three equal, annual increments, based on the anniversary dates of the acquisition, and is payable in shares of Company common stock. The number of shares to be issued annually will vary depending on the market price of the shares on the date of issuance. The consideration holdback is not part of the purchase price, as vesting is dependent on continued employment of the key employees. It will be recorded as non-cash stock-based compensation expense over the three-year earning period.

The following table summarizes the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	438
Trade accounts receivable	957
Goodwill	90,619
Intangible assets	34,000
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,186
Total assets acquired	127,200
Deferred income taxes	(6,034)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,727)
Net assets acquired	118,439
Less:
Cash acquired	(438)
Net purchase price allocated	118,001
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(14,815)
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	(2,300)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	100,886

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to expectations to development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the DPM's assembled workforce. The goodwill balance is not deductible for U.S. income tax purposes.

The amounts allocated to intangible assets in the table above included developed technology, data supply relationships, customer relationships, and trademarks. Intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives. The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(In years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Data supply relationships	16,000		4
Customer relationships	6,000		4
Trademarks	1,000		2
Total intangible assets	$	34,000

The Company has omitted disclosures of revenue and net loss of the acquired company from the acquisition date as the amounts are not material.

Faktor

On April 2, 2019, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Faktor B.V. ("Faktor"). Faktor is a global consent management platform that allows consumers to control how their data is collected, used, and transferred for usage to another party. Faktor's platform provides individuals with notice and choice on websites and mobile apps and allows them to opt-in or opt-out via a visible banner on the page. The Company paid approximately $4.5 million in cash for the acquired shares. The Company has omitted pro forma disclosures related to this acquisition as the pro forma effect of this acquisition is not material. The results of operations for the acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated results beginning April 2, 2019.

The following table presents the purchase price allocation related to assets acquired and liabilities assumed (dollars in thousands):

	April 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	35
Trade accounts receivable	63
Goodwill	3,110
Intangible assets	1,700
Other current and noncurrent assets	126
Total assets acquired	5,034
Deferred income taxes	(194)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(326)
Net assets acquired	4,514
Less:
Cash acquired	(35)
Net cash paid	$	4,479

The excess of purchase consideration over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and is primarily attributed to development of future technology and products, development of future customer relationships, and the Faktor assembled workforce.

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS:

Acxiom Marketing Solutions ("AMS") business

During fiscal 2019, the Company completed the sale of its AMS business to The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (“IPG”) for $2.3 billion in cash. The business qualified for treatment as discontinued operations during fiscal 2019. At the closing of the transaction, the Company received total consideration of $2.3 billion ($2.3 billion stated sales price less closing adjustments, transaction costs and other items of $49.0 million). Additionally, the Company applied $230.5 million of proceeds from the sale to repay outstanding Company debt and related interest. The Company reported a gain of $1.7 billion on the sale, which was included in earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax.

Summary results of operations for AMS for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 are segregated and included in earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the consolidated statements of operations. The following is a reconciliation of the major classes of line items constituting earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31, 2020
Operating expenses:
Gains, losses and other items, net	$	(957)
Total operating expenses	(957)
Earnings from discontinued operations before income taxes	957
Income taxes	207
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	750

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OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS:

OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS:

Other current assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Prepaid expenses and other	$	13,947	$	31,659
Share receivable for cash settlement of withheld income tax withholdings on equity award	—		9,055
Certificates of deposit	7,500		7,500
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528		15,838
Other current assets	$	36,975	$	64,052

Other noncurrent assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Long-term prepaid revenue share	$	13,468	$	8,127
Right-of-use assets (see Note 4)	59,459		11,731
Deferred tax asset	1,224		663
Deposits	4,486		2,745
Strategic investments	5,700		5,700
Other miscellaneous noncurrent assets	877		1,888
Other assets, net	$	85,214	$	30,854

In conjunction with the July 2015 disposition of our former IT outsourcing business, we retained a profits interest previously recognized at $0.7 million within miscellaneous noncurrent assets at March 31, 2021. In the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a $30.5 million gain included in total other income in the consolidated statement of operations related to a $31.2 million cash distribution received from the settlement of this retained profits interest.

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:Property and equipment is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Leasehold improvements	$	28,224	$	26,024
Data processing equipment	7,001		9,053
Office furniture and other equipment	9,776		9,207
	45,001		44,284
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	33,470		32,327
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	$	11,531	$	11,957

Depreciation expense on property and equipment was $5.4 million, $8.9 million and $15.3 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Depreciation expense in fiscal 2020 included $3.6 million of accelerated depreciation expense associated with the reduced useful life of certain IT equipment in connection with the Company's migration to a cloud-based data center solution.

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GOODWILL:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

GOODWILL:

GOODWILL:

Changes in goodwill for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Total
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	297,796
Acquisition of Acuity Data	2,011
Acquisition of DataFleets	56,436
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	1,203
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	357,446
Acquisition of Diablo	7,012
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(613)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

Goodwill by geography as of March 31, 2022 was: 

	Total
U.S.	$	360,466
APAC	3,379
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

INTANGIBLE ASSETS:

INTANGIBLE ASSETS:

The amounts allocated to intangible assets from acquisitions include developed technology, customer relationships, trade names, and publisher and data supply relationships.  The following table shows the amortization activity of intangible assets (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Developed technology, gross	$	84,146	$	78,547
Accumulated amortization	(67,980)		(60,424)
Net developed technology	$	16,166	$	18,123
Customer relationship/Trade name, gross	$	43,490	$	43,506
Accumulated amortization	(40,582)		(37,510)
Net customer/trade name	$	2,908	$	5,996
Publisher/Data supply relationships, gross	$	39,800	$	39,800
Accumulated amortization	(32,156)		(24,189)
Net publisher/data supply relationships	$	7,644	$	15,611
Total intangible assets, gross	$	167,436	$	161,853
Total accumulated amortization	(140,718)		(122,123)
Total intangible assets, net	$	26,718	$	39,730

Total amortization expense related to intangible assets was $18.7 million, $18.0 million, and $19.0 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table presents the estimated future amortization expenses related to intangible assets.

Fiscal Year:
2023	$	16,837
2024	6,860
2025	3,021
	$	26,718

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OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract].

OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES

OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES:

Other accrued expenses consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	15,838
Short-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	8,984		9,608
DPM consideration holdback (see Note 14)	6,092		6,092
Acuity performance earnout liability (see Note 14)	2,420		2,208
DataFleets consideration holdback (see Note 5)	756		755
Diablo consideration holdback (see Note 5)	1,200		—
Rakam consideration holdback (see Note 5)	223		—
Other miscellaneous accrued expenses	10,864		23,852
Other accrued expenses	$	46,067	$	58,353

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OTHER LIABILITIES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

OTHER LIABILITIES:

OTHER LIABILITIES:

Other liabilities consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Uncertain tax positions	$	24,374	$	26,156
Long-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	52,241		4,158
Restructuring accruals	3,619		4,510
Other	5,876		7,565
Other liabilities	$	86,110	$	42,389

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES:

Legal Matters

The Company is involved in various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Management routinely assesses the likelihood of adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters, as well as ranges of probable losses, to the extent losses are reasonably estimable. The Company records accruals for these matters to the extent that management concludes a loss is probable and the financial impact, should an adverse outcome occur, is reasonably estimable. These accruals are adjusted to reflect the impacts of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertinent to a particular matter. These accruals are reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In management’s opinion, the Company has made appropriate and adequate accruals for these matters, and management believes the probability of a material loss beyond the amounts accrued to be remote. However, the ultimate liability for these matters is uncertain, and if accruals are not adequate, an adverse outcome could have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. The Company maintains insurance coverage above certain limits.

Commitments

The following table presents the Company’s purchase commitments at March 31, 2022.  Purchase commitments primarily include contractual commitments for the purchase of data, hosting services, software-as-a-service arrangements and leasehold improvements. The table does not include the future payment of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions of $24.4 million as the Company is not able to predict the periods in which the payments will be made (dollars in thousands):

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Purchase commitments	$	58,495	$	48,201	$	46,514	$	33,150	$	186,360

While the Company does not have any other material contractual commitments for capital expenditures, certain levels of investments in facilities and computer equipment continue to be necessary to support the growth of the business.

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Equity [Abstract]

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:

The Company has authorized 200 million shares of $0.10 par value common stock and 1 million shares of $1.00 par value preferred stock. The board of directors of the Company may designate the relative rights and preferences of the preferred stock when and if issued. Such rights and preferences could include liquidation preferences, redemption rights, voting rights and dividends, and the shares could be issued in multiple series with different rights and preferences. The Company currently has no plans for the issuance of any shares of preferred stock.

On August 29, 2011, the board of directors adopted a common stock repurchase program.  That program was subsequently modified and expanded, most recently on November 3, 2020. On that date, the board of directors extended the term of the existing common stock repurchase program. Under the modified common stock repurchase program, the Company may purchase up to $1.0 billion of its common stock through the period ending December 31, 2022. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, the Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $58.6 million under the stock repurchase program. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $42.3 million under the stock repurchase program. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company repurchased 4.4 million shares of its common stock for $182.2 million under the stock repurchase program. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has repurchased 29.6 million shares of its stock for $732.2 million, leaving remaining capacity of $267.8 million under the stock repurchase program. 

The Company paid no dividends on its common stock for any of the years reported.

Stock-based Compensation Plans

The Company has stock option and equity compensation plans for which a total of 39.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock have been reserved for issuance since the inception of the plans. At March 31, 2022, there were a total of 2.8 million shares available for future grants under the plans.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

The Company's stock-based compensation activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, by award type, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Stock options	$	1,935	$	2,308	$	3,675
Restricted stock units	56,008		78,164		55,543
Diablo restricted stock awards	794		—		—
Arbor acquisition consideration holdback	—		—		2,553
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	8,122		8,030		6,185
Pacific Data Partners ("PDP") assumed performance plan	9,101		18,388		20,332
Acuity performance plan	1,912		2,208		—
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		755		—
Other stock-based compensation	3,342		1,854		1,159
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	87,257		111,707		89,447
Less expense related to liability-based equity awards	(16,077)		(27,311)		(24,228)
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of equity	$	71,180	$	84,396	$	65,219

The effect of stock-based compensation expense on income, by financial statement line item, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	4,111	$	5,300	$	3,769
Research and development	32,112		38,960		23,260
Sales and marketing	28,586		40,401		38,026
General and administrative	22,448		27,046		24,392
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	$	87,257	$	111,707	$	89,447

In March 2021, the Company accelerated the vesting of certain time-vesting restricted stock units that would have otherwise vested over the following six months to take advantage of significant cash tax savings opportunities. This resulted in the vesting of time-vesting and performance-based restricted stock units covering approximately 0.7 million shares of common stock. The Company recognized $21.4 million of compensation costs related to the accelerated vesting of these units, which is included in loss from operations in the consolidated statement of operations. Of the $21.4 million compensation costs, $8.4 million represented incremental compensation cost due to the modification and $13.0 million represented accelerated original grant date fair value compensation cost.

The following table provides the expected future expense for all of the Company's outstanding equity awards at March 31, 2022, by award type.

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Stock options	$	1,089	$	720	$	158	$	—	$	1,967
Restricted stock units	71,881		55,301		38,236		11,806		177,224
Diablo restricted stock awards	518		518		89		—		1,125
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	2,031		—		—		—		2,031
Acuity performance plan	815		165		—		—		980
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		5,287		—		—		11,330
Other stock-based compensation	353		—		—		—		353
Expected future expense	$	82,730	$	61,991	$	38,483	$	11,806	$	195,010

Stock Options Activity

In February 2021, in connection with the acquisition of DataFleets, the Company replaced all unvested outstanding stock options held by DataFleets employees immediately prior to the acquisition with options to acquire shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original options. In total, the Company issued 42,154 replacement options at a weighted-average exercise price of $0.70 per share. The acquisition-date fair value of the replacement stock options was $2.9 million and was determined using a binomial lattice model. All of the replacement options require post-combination service. As a result, the $2.9 million acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation cost and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the remaining service period of the replacement options.

In fiscal 2020, in connection with the acquisition of DPM, the Company replaced all outstanding stock options held by DPM employees immediately prior to the acquisition with options to acquire shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original options. In total, the Company issued 162,481 replacement options at a weighted-average exercise price of $1.64 per share. The acquisition-date fair value of the replacement stock options was $7.4 million and was determined using a binomial lattice model. $2.3 million of the acquisition-date fair value of the replacement options was calculated and identified as consideration transferred in the DPM acquisition. The remaining $5.1 million acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation costs and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the remaining service period.

Stock option activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:  

				Weighted average
		Weighted average		remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	exercise price		contractual term	Intrinsic value
	shares	per share		(In years)	(In thousands)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	844,045	$	15.31
Exercised	(110,617)	$	9.35		$	4,338
Forfeited or canceled	(3,424)	$	2.39
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	730,004	$	16.28	2.2	$	15,411
Exercisable at March 31, 2022	699,260	$	16.96	1.9	$	14,289

The aggregate intrinsic value for options exercised in fiscal 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $4.3 million, $23.2 million, and $6.7 million, respectively.  The aggregate intrinsic value at period end represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between LiveRamp’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period and the exercise price for each in-the-money option) that would have been received by the option holders had they exercised their options on March 31, 2022.  This amount changes based upon changes in the fair market value of LiveRamp’s common stock.

A summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2022 was:

					Options outstanding				Options exercisable
Range of						Weighted average	Weighted average			Weighted average
exercise price					Options	remaining	exercise price		Options	exercise price
per share					outstanding	contractual life	per share		exercisable	per share
$	—	—	$	9.99	81,495	5.6 years	$	0.99	50,751	$	1.06
$	10.00	—	$	19.99	346,807	1.7 years	$	15.50	346,807	$	15.50
$	20.00	—	$	24.99	301,702	1.8 years	$	21.31	301,702	$	21.31
					730,004	2.2 years	$	16.28	699,260	$	16.96

Diablo Restricted Stock Awards

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, in connection with the acquisition of Diablo, the Company replaced the unvested outstanding restricted stock shares held by a Diablo employee immediately prior to the acquisition with restricted shares of LiveRamp common stock having substantially the same terms and conditions as were applicable under the original restricted stock agreement. The conversion calculation resulted in issuance of 40,600 replacement restricted stock shares having an acquisition-date fair value of $1.9 million. The restricted shares vest subject to post-combination service requirements. As a result, the acquisition-date fair value is considered future compensation cost and will be recognized as stock-based compensation cost over the approximate three-year vesting period of the awards.

Changes in the Company's restricted stock for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted average
		fair value per		Weighted average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2021	—	$	—
Diablo replacement restricted stock award	40,600	$	47.29
Vested	(15,834)	$	47.29
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2022	24,766	$	47.29	2.17

The total fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was $0.8 million and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company's common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested.

Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Time-vesting restricted stock units ("RSUs") -

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 3,037,440 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $143.4 million. The RSUs granted in the current year primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in the current fiscal year were units related to the Diablo acquisition and the Rakam acquisition (see Note 5). Following the closing of the Diablo acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs, covering 98,442 shares of common stock having a grant date fair value of $4.7 million, to select employees to induce them to accept employment with the Company. In connection with the Rakam acquisition, the Company extended employment agreements and granted new awards of RSUs, covering 55,927 shares of common stock having a grant date fair value of $2.6 million, to two key Rakam employees.

During fiscal 2021, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 2,228,445 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $99.8 million. The RSUs granted in the current year primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in the current fiscal year were units related to the DataFleets acquisition. Following the closing of the DataFleets acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs covering 193,595 shares of common stock, and having a grant date fair value of $13.5 million, to select employees and contractors to induce them to accept employment with the Company.

During fiscal 2020, the Company granted time-vesting RSUs covering 1,697,506 shares of common stock and having a fair value at the date of grant of $85.6 million. The RSUs granted in fiscal 2020 primarily vest over four years. Grant date fair value of these units is equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. Included in the RSUs granted in fiscal 2020 were units related to the DPM acquisition. Following the closing of the DPM acquisition, the Company granted new awards of RSUs covering 155,346 shares of common stock, and having a grant date fair value of $7.3 million, to select employees to induce them to accept employment with the Company.

RSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	2,692,243	$	45.96	2.76
Granted	3,191,809	$	47.22
Vested	(642,656)	$	44.15
Forfeited or canceled	(1,064,714)	$	46.75
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	4,176,682	$	47.00	2.85

The total fair value of RSUs vested during the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $30.3 million, $126.9 million, and $59.8 million, respectively, and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company's common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested.

Performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") -

Fiscal 2022 plans:

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, the Company granted PSUs covering 249,152 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $12.6 million. The grants were made under three separate performance plans.

Under a special incentive performance plan, units covering 36,425 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $1.7 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee of the board of directors ("compensation committee") and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 100% of the award, based on the attainment of key productivity metrics for the period from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending March 31, 2023 and continuing through the end of the performance period.

Under the total shareholder return ("TSR") performance plan, units covering 63,815 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $3.8 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the TSR of LiveRamp common stock compared to the TSR of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2024.

Under the operating metrics performance plan, units covering 148,912 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $7.1 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the attainment of trailing twelve-month revenue growth and EBITDA margin targets for the period from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2024. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending June 30, 2022 and continuing through the end of the performance period. To the extent that shares are earned in a given quarter, 50% vest immediately and 50% vest on the one-year anniversary of attainment approval, except that all earned but unvested shares will vest fully at the end of the measurement period.

Fiscal 2021 plans:

During the fiscal 2021, the Company granted PSUs covering 246,524 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $10.7 million. The grants were made under two separate performance plans.

Under the first performance plan, units covering 73,950 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $4.2 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the total shareholder return of LiveRamp common stock compared to total shareholder return of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023. At March 31, 2022, there remains a maximum potential of 119,268 shares, net of forfeitures, eligible to grant under this plan.

Under the second performance plan, units covering 172,574 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $6.5 million, which was equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee and continuous employment through the vesting date. The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the attainment of trailing twelve-month revenue growth and EBITDA margin targets for the period from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated on a quarterly basis beginning with the period ending 6/30/2021 and continuing through the end of the performance period.

Through March 31, 2022, performance measurements have resulted in an accumulated 50% achievement, or 71,666 total earned units under this plan. Of the earned amount, 50% vested immediately, while the remaining 50% will vest on the one-year anniversary of attainment approval. As of March 31, 2022, there remains a maximum potential of 208,750 additional shares eligible for grant under the plan. Quarterly measurements of attainment will continue through March 31, 2023.

Fiscal 2020 plans:

During fiscal 2020, the Company granted PSUs covering 202,818 shares of common stock having a fair value at the date of grant of $12.3 million. The grants were made under two separate performance plans.

Under the first performance plan, units covering 60,844 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $4.4 million, determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model.  The units vest subject to attainment of market conditions established by the compensation committee of the board of directors (“compensation committee”) and continuous employment through the vesting date.  The units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on the total shareholder return of LiveRamp common stock compared to total shareholder return of the Russell 2000 market index for the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022.

The Company's fiscal 2020 TSR PSU plan reached maturity of the relevant performance period at March 31, 2022. The final performance measurement resulted in 0% attainment. The units available to award under this plan, are expected to be cancelled in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 upon compensation committee approval.

Under the second performance plan, units covering 141,974 shares of common stock were granted having a fair value at the date of grant of $7.9 million equal to the quoted market price for the shares on the date of grant. The units vest subject to attainment of performance criteria established by the compensation committee of the board of directors.

•82,494 units may vest in a number of shares from 0% to 200% of the award, based on attainment of the Company's three-year revenue compound annual growth rate target for the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022. The plan reached maturity of the relevant performance period at March 31, 2022. The final performance measurement resulted in 0% attainment. The units are expected to be cancelled in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 upon compensation committee approval.

•59,480 units vest based on attainment of the year-over-year revenue growth targets for the annual period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020. During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the compensation committee approved the final performance attainment of 164% resulting in an additional award of 38,063 units (for a total earned amount of 97,543 units). Of the earned amount, one-third vested immediately, while the remaining two-thirds will vest in equal increments in first quarters of fiscal years 2022 and 2023.

PSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	631,869	$	49.74	1.54
Granted	249,152	$	50.54
Vested	(136,445)	$	45.54
Forfeited or canceled	(160,108)	$	48.98
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	584,468	$	51.26	1.01

The total fair value of PSUs vested in the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $6.7 million and $8.4 million, respectively, and is measured as the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date for the number of shares vested. There were no PSU vests in in the twelve months ended 2020.

Acquisition-related Performance Plan

As part of the Company's fiscal 2021 acquisition of Acuity, the Company will be obligated to pay up to an additional $5.1 million, settled in a variable number of shares of Company stock, and subject to certain performance conditions and continued employment of each participant. Performance will be measured and vesting evaluated in three annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $4.1 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the Acuity performance earnout plan. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance in other accrued expense in the consolidated balance sheet was $2.4 million. The next annual settlement of $1.7 million is expected to occur in the second quarter of fiscal 2023.

Acquisition-related Consideration Holdback

As part of the Company's fiscal 2021 acquisition of DataFleets, $18.1 million of the acquisition consideration otherwise payable with respect to shares of DataFleets common stock held by certain key employees was subject to holdback by the Company pursuant to agreements with those employees (each, a "Holdback Agreement"). Each Holdback Agreement specifies that the consideration holdback will vest in three equal annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Vesting is subject to the DataFleets key employees' continued employment through each annual vesting date and will be settled in shares of Company common stock. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $6.8 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the DataFleets consideration holdback. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance related to the DataFleets consideration holdback in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet was $0.8 million. The next annual settlement of $6.0 million is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023.

As part of the Company's fiscal 2020 acquisition of Data Plus Math ("DPM"), $24.4 million of the acquisition consideration otherwise payable with respect to shares of DPM common stock held by certain key employees was subject to holdback by the Company pursuant to agreements with those employees (each, a "Holdback Agreement"). Each Holdback Agreement specifies that the consideration holdback will vest in three equal annual increments on the anniversary of the closing date (which date may be changed by the board of directors to an earlier date). Vesting is subject to the DPM key employees' continued employment through each annual vesting date and will be settled in shares of Company common stock. Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $22.3 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the DPM consideration holdback. At March 31, 2022, the recognized, but unpaid, balance related to the DPM consideration holdback in the consolidated balance sheet was $6.1 million. The next, and final, annual settlement of $8.1 million is expected to occur at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2023.

PDP Assumed Performance Plan

In connection with the fiscal 2018 acquisition of PDP, the Company assumed the outstanding performance compensation plan under the PDP 2018 Equity Compensation Plan ("PDP PSU plan"). During fiscal 2020, the Company converted the outstanding PDP PSU plan to a time-vesting restricted stock plan ("PDP RSU plan").

Through March 31, 2022, the Company has recognized a total of $65.5 million as stock-based compensation expense related to the PDP RSU plan. The final annual settlement occurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.

Qualified Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP")

During the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 103,447 shares of common stock were purchased under the ESPP at a weighted-average price of $41.44 per share, resulting in cash proceeds of $4.3 million over the relevant offering periods.

Stock-based compensation expense associated with the ESPP was $1.8 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2022, there was approximately $0.4 million of total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP, which is expected to be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the current offering period.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income accumulated balances of $5,730 and $7,522 at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively, reflect accumulated foreign currency translation adjustments.

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INCOME TAX:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAX:

INCOME TAX:

Total income tax expense (benefit) was allocated as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Continuing operations	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)
Discontinued operations	—		—		207
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,069)

Income tax expense (benefit) attributable to loss from continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	(1,227)	$	(28,060)	$	(33,715)
Non-U.S.	305		17		146
State	1,220		(1,071)		171
	298		(29,114)		(33,398)
Deferred:
U.S. Federal	(895)		(1,205)		(5,103)
Non-U.S.	(608)		(44)		(1,006)
State	(37)		(169)		(769)
	(1,540)		(1,418)		(6,878)
Total	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

Income (loss) before income tax attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	(37,415)	$	(122,257)	$	(160,457)
Non-U.S.	2,340		1,457		(5,080)
Total	$	(35,075)	$	(120,800)	$	(165,537)

Income (loss) before income taxes, as shown above, is based on the location of the entity to which such income (losses) are attributable.  However, since such income (losses) may be subject to taxation in more than one country, the income tax expense (benefit) shown above as U.S. or non-U.S. may not correspond to the income (loss) shown above.

Below is a reconciliation of expected income tax benefit computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% to loss before income taxes to actual income tax benefit from continuing operations (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Computed expected income tax benefit	$	(7,366)	$	(25,368)	$	(34,763)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	691		(979)		(473)
Research and other tax credits	(3,107)		(4,635)		(1,517)
Nondeductible expenses	673		1,104		838
Stock-based compensation	5,576		(2,024)		5,025
Non-U.S. subsidiaries taxed at other rates	(364)		194		230
Adjustment to valuation allowances	2,520		2,230		(2,245)
Net operating loss carryback taxed at other rates	—		—		(7,360)
Other, net	135		(1,054)		(11)
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. enacted The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The CARES Act included several significant changes and clarifications to existing tax law, including changes to the treatment of net operating losses (“NOLs”). Under the CARES Act, NOLs arising in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021 may be carried back to each of the five tax years preceding the tax year of the loss. As such, the Company carried back its fiscal 2021 NOL, resulting in an expected refund of approximately $28 million. The Company was also able to carry back its fiscal 2020 NOL, resulting in a refund of approximately $32 million, which was received in fiscal 2022.

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below (dollars in thousands).  

	2022		2021
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$	5,682	$	3,501
Lease liabilities	14,090		3,324
Net operating loss carryforwards	25,737		35,945
Stock-based compensation	8,022		2,991
Nonqualified deferred compensation	3,119		2,802
Property and equipment	496		—
Tax credit carryforwards	7,588		10,241
Other	1,351		444
Total deferred tax assets	66,085		59,248
Less valuation allowance	(37,399)		(35,332)
Net deferred tax assets	28,686		23,916
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	(2,296)		(6,734)
Property and equipment	—		(248)
Right-of-use assets	(13,691)		(3,016)
Intangible assets	(4,218)		(8,409)
Deferred commissions	(7,562)		(5,391)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(27,767)		(23,798)
Net deferred tax assets	$	919	$	118

At March 31, 2022, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $0.9 million and $125.5 million for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes, respectively.  Of the net operating loss carryforwards, $16.8 million will not expire for state purposes. The remaining carryforwards will expire in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2042. The Company has foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $99.6 million. Of this amount, $90.4 million will not expire. The remainder expires in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2031. The Company has federal and state credit carryforwards of $3.0 million and $7.0 million, respectively. Of the state credit carryforwards, $6.3 million will not expire. The remaining credit carryforwards will expire in various amounts and will completely expire if not used by 2037.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Realization of the Company’s net deferred tax assets is dependent upon its generation of sufficient taxable income of the proper character in future years in appropriate tax jurisdictions to obtain benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and the use of net operating loss and credit carryforwards. 

Based upon the weight of available evidence, including the Company’s history of losses from continuing operations, management believes that it is not more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of the deductible temporary differences and net operating loss and credit carryforwards. Accordingly, the Company has established valuation allowances against its deferred tax assets.

Based upon the Company's history of losses in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions, the Company has not recorded a benefit for current foreign losses in these jurisdictions. In addition, management believes it is not more likely than not the Company will realize the benefits of certain foreign net operating loss carryforwards and has established valuation allowances in the amount of $22.7 million against deferred tax assets in such jurisdictions. No valuation allowance has been established against deferred tax assets in non-U.S. jurisdictions in which historical profits and forecasted continuing profits exist.

The following table sets forth changes in the total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	25,026	$	23,400	$	19,600
Increases related to prior year tax positions	411		—		2,458
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	—		(139)		(1,048)
Increases related to current year tax positions	990		1,765		2,433
Lapse of statute of limitations	(2,610)		—		(43)
Balance at end of period	$	23,817	$	25,026	$	23,400

Gross unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2022 was $23.8 million, of which $20.1 million would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate in future periods if and when realized. The Company reports accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. The combined amount of accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions on tax returns was approximately $4.3 million as of March 31, 2022. Accrued interest and penalties increased by $0.8 million during fiscal 2022. The Company does not anticipate a material reduction of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.

The Company files a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return and tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions.  The Company’s subsidiaries also file tax returns in various foreign jurisdictions in which they operate.  In the U.S., the statute of limitations for Internal Revenue Service examinations remains open for the Company’s federal income tax returns for fiscal years after 2013. The Company’s federal income tax return for fiscal year 2019 is currently under Internal Revenue Service examination. The status of other U.S. federal, state and foreign tax examinations varies by jurisdiction.  The Company does not anticipate any material adjustments to its consolidated financial statements resulting from tax examinations currently in progress.

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RETIREMENT PLANS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

RETIREMENT PLANS:

RETIREMENT PLANS:

The Company has a qualified 401(k) retirement savings plan that covers substantially all U.S. employees.  The Company also offers a supplemental non-qualified deferred compensation plan (“SNQDC Plan”) for certain highly-compensated employees. The Company matches 100% of the first 6% of each participating employee's annual aggregate contributions. The Company may also contribute additional amounts to the plans at the discretion of the board of directors.

Company contributions for the above plans amounted to approximately $10.1 million, $9.4 million, and $7.9 million in fiscal years 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.  Included in both other current assets and other accrued liabilities are the assets and liabilities of the SNQDC Plan in the amount of $15.5 million and $15.8 million at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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FOREIGN OPERATIONS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract]

FOREIGN OPERATIONS:

FOREIGN OPERATIONS:

The Company attributes revenue to each geographic region based on the location of the Company’s operations. The following table shows financial information by geographic area (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
Revenue	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Foreign
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
APAC	6,519		4,535		5,346
All Foreign	32,892		27,050		26,135
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

Long-lived assets excluding financial instruments (dollars in thousands):

	March 31,
	2022		2021
United States	$	509,014	$	456,662
Foreign
Europe	4,174		1,084
APAC	4,714		4,860
All Foreign	8,888		5,944
	$	517,902	$	462,606

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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS:

The Company measures certain financial assets at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon the exit price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants, as determined by either the principal market or the most advantageous market. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows:

•Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

•Level 3 - Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

For certain financial instruments, including accounts receivable, certificates of deposit, and accounts payable, the carrying amounts approximate their fair value due to the relatively short maturity of these balances.

The following table details the fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company's financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

 

	March 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528
Total	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528

	March 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838
Total	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838

Strategic investments consist of non-controlling equity investments in privately held companies. The Company elected the measurement alternative for these investments without readily determinable fair values and for which the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence. These investments are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Under the cost method of accounting, the non-marketable equity securities are carried at cost less any impairment, plus or minus adjustments resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer, which is recorded within the statement of operations. The Company held $5.7 million of strategic investments without readily determinable fair values at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, respectively (see Note 7). These investments are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. There were no impairment charges for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation -

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. We have prepared the accompanying consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as set forth in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification and Updates (“ASC” and "ASU") and we consider the various staff accounting bulletins and other applicable guidance issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Our fiscal year ends on March 31. References to fiscal 2022, for example, are to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates -In preparing consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with GAAP and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, we must make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates are used in determining, among other items, revenue recognition criteria, allowance for doubtful accounts, the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities, restructuring and impairment accruals, litigation and facilities lease loss accruals, stock-based compensation, and the recognition and measurement of current and deferred income taxes, including the measurement of uncertain tax positions.

Operating Segments

Operating Segments -

The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). Our Chief Executive Officer is our CODM. Our CODM evaluates our financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. Since we operate as one operating segment, all required financial segment information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Discontinued Operations

Discontinued Operations -Discontinued operations comprise those activities that have been disposed of during the period or that have been classified as held for sale at the end of the period and represent a separate major line of business or geographical area that can be clearly distinguished for operational and financial reporting purposes. In fiscal 2019, the Company sold its Acxiom Marketing Solutions business (“AMS”) and began reporting the results of operations, cash flows and the balance sheet amounts pertaining to AMS as a component of discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements. The amount recorded in fiscal 2020 relates to the final working capital true-up and receipt of final proceeds.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents -The Company considers all highly-liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash held in bank deposit accounts and short-term, highly-liquid money-market fund investments with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition -

LiveRamp recognizes revenue from the following sources: (i) subscription revenue, which consists primarily of subscription fees from clients accessing our LiveRamp platform; and (ii) marketplace and other revenue, which primarily consists of revenue-sharing fees generated from access to data through our LiveRamp Data Marketplace, and transactional usage-based revenue from arrangements with certain publishers and addressable TV providers.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

•Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;

•Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;

•Determination of the transaction price;

•Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and

•Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied.

Identification of the contract

We consider the terms and conditions of the contract and our customary business practices when identifying our contracts under ASC 606. We determine we have a contract with a customer when the contract or contract modification is approved and the parties are committed to performing their respective obligations, we can identify each party's rights regarding the services to be transferred, we can identify the payment terms for the services, we have determined the contract has commercial substance, and we have determined that collection of at least some of the contract consideration is probable. At contract inception we evaluate whether two or more contracts should be combined and accounted for as a single contract and whether the single or combined contract includes one or multiple performance obligations. We apply judgment in determining the customer's ability to pay, which is based on a variety of factors, including the customer's historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

Identification of the performance obligations

As part of accounting for arrangements with multiple performance obligations, we must assess whether each performance obligation is distinct. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer, and a company's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have determined that our subscriptions to the platform are a distinct performance obligation and access to data for revenue-sharing and usage-based arrangements is a distinct performance obligation because, once a customer has access to the platform, the service is fully functional and does not require any additional development, modification, or customization.

Determination of the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount of consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for transferring services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies. Variable consideration is assessed and included in the transaction price if, in our judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. None of our contracts contain a significant financing component.

Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation based on the standalone selling price ("SSP") of each service. We generally determine the SSP based on contractual selling prices when the obligation is sold on a standalone basis, as well as market conditions, competition, and pricing practices. As pricing and marketing strategies evolve, we may modify our pricing practices in the future, which could result in changes to SSP.

Recognition of revenue when, or as, the performance obligations are satisfied

Revenues are recognized when or as control of the promised services is transferred to customers. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the services are made available to customers. Marketplace and other revenue is typically transactional in nature, tied to a revenue share or volumes purchased. We report revenue from Data Marketplace and other similar transactions on a net basis because our performance obligation is to facilitate a transaction between data providers and data buyers, for which we earn a portion of the gross fee. Consequently, the portion of the gross amount billed to data buyers that is remitted to data providers is not reflected as revenues.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable includes amounts billed to customers as well as unbilled amounts recognized in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies. Unbilled amounts included in trade accounts receivable, net, which generally arise from the performance of services to customers in advance of billings, were $12.5 million at March 31, 2022, and $8.0 million at March 31, 2021.

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowances for credit losses, returns and credits based on the probability of future collections. The probability of future collections is based on specific considerations of historical loss patterns and an assessment of the continuation of such patterns based on past collection trends and known or anticipated future economic events that may impair collectability. Accounts receivable that are determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include past due status greater than 360 days or bankruptcy of the debtor.

We are monitoring the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers and various counterparties and have considered these risks in establishing our reserve balance as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of amounts billed in excess of revenue recognized. Deferred revenues are subsequently recorded as revenue when earned in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policies.

Deferred Commissions, net

Deferred Commissions, net - The Company capitalizes incremental costs to acquire contracts and amortizes them on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit, which we have determined to be four years. Net capitalized costs of $8.0 million and $6.6 million were recognized as a reduction of operating expense for the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We did not recognize any impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021, or 2020.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment -Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: leasehold improvements, 5 - 7 years; data processing equipment, 2 - 5 years, and office furniture and other equipment, 3 - 7 years.

Operating Leases

Operating Leases -

Right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent the Company's right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time, or term, in exchange for consideration, and operating lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the aforementioned right.

The Company determines if an arrangement is, or contains, a lease at inception, and whether lease and non-lease components are combined or not. Operating leases with a duration of one year or less are excluded from ROU assets and lease liabilities and related expense is recorded as incurred. ROU assets and lease liabilities are initially recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, which includes the minimum unconditional term of the lease, and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain at the commencement date that such options will be exercised. As the rate implicit for each of the Company's leases is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses judgment in determining its incremental borrowing rate, which includes selecting a yield curve based on a hypothetical credit rating. ROU assets also include any initial direct costs and any lease payments made prior to the lease commencement date and are reduced by any lease incentives received. ROU assets are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. Short-term lease liabilities are included in other accrued expenses and long-term lease liabilities are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet. ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis as operating lease cost in the consolidated statements of operations.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations –

We apply the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, in accounting for acquisitions. ASC 805 requires us to determine if assets or a business was acquired. If a business was acquired, it requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as any contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments resulting from new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date and falls within the measurement period to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill

Goodwill -

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business acquisitions accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and is not amortized. Goodwill is measured and tested for impairment on an annual basis in the first quarter of the Company's fiscal year in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such events and changes may include significant changes in performance related to expected operating results, significant changes in asset use, significant changes in asset use, significant negative industry or economic trends, and changes in our business strategy.

Our test for goodwill impairment starts with a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. If qualitative factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than its carrying amount, then a quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed. For the purposes of impairment testing, we have determined that we have three reporting units. We completed our annual impairment test during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and assessed whether there were any triggering events quarterly. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets -

We amortize intangible assets with finite lives over their estimated useful lives and review them for impairment whenever an impairment indicator exists. We continually monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of our long-lived assets, including our intangible assets, may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, we assess recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of these assets, we recognize an impairment loss based on any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. We did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

During fiscal 2022, our intangible assets were amortized over their estimated useful lives ranging from two years to six years. Amortization is based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset will be consumed or on a straight-line basis when the consumption pattern is not apparent. The weighted average useful lives of our intangible assets were as follows:

	Weighted Average Useful Life (years)
Developed technology	4.1
Customer relationships	5.3
Publisher and Data Supply relationships	5.2

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

Impairment of Long-lived Assets -

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company considers factors such as operating losses, declining outlooks, and business conditions when evaluating the necessity for an impairment analysis. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group. If such assets are impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

We did not recognize any impairment charges related to long-lived assets in fiscal 2022, 2021 or 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments -

We apply the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, to our assets and liabilities that we are required to measure at fair value pursuant to other accounting standards. The additional disclosure regarding our fair value measurements is included in Note 18 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers

Concentration of Credit Risk and Significant Customers -

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable.

The Company maintains deposits in federally insured financial institutions more than federally insured limits. Management, however, believes the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risk such as foreign exchange contracts, options contracts, or other hedging arrangements.

The Company’s trade accounts receivables are from a large number of customers. Accordingly, the Company’s credit risk is affected by general economic conditions.

At March 31, 2022, there were no customers that represented more than 10% of the trade accounts receivable balance. Our ten largest clients represented approximately 28% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022. One client, The Interpublic Group of Companies, accounted for 11% of our revenues in fiscal year 2022.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes -

The Company and its domestic subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries file separate income tax returns in the countries in which their operations are based.

The Company makes estimates and judgments in determining the provision for income taxes for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, benefits, and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities that arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes, as well as the interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Significant changes in these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the tax provision in a subsequent period. The Company assesses the likelihood that it will be able to recover its deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the Company increases the provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that it estimates will not ultimately be recoverable.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process pursuant to ASC 740, Income Taxes. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining whether the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. If the Company determines that a tax position will more likely than not be sustained on audit, the second step requires the Company to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. It is inherently difficult and subjective to estimate such amounts, as the Company must determine the probability of various outcomes.

The Company re-evaluates these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. This evaluation is based on factors such as changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, new audit activity, and effectively settled issues. Determining whether an uncertain tax position is effectively settled requires judgment. Such a change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to the tax provision.

Foreign Currency

Foreign Currency -

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our foreign operations generally is the applicable local currency for each foreign subsidiary. The balance sheets of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated at period-end rates of exchange, and the statements of operations are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. The effects of foreign currency translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of equity and comprehensive income (loss). We reflect net foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, resulting from the conversion of the transaction currency to functional currency, as a component of foreign currency exchange gain (loss) in total other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Advertising Expense

Advertising Expense -

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense was approximately $10.5 million, $7.0 million, and $9.8 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Advertising expense is included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Legal Contingencies

Legal Contingencies -

We are currently involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Quarterly, we review the status of each significant matter and assess our potential financial exposure. We accrue a liability for an estimated loss if the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies provides additional information regarding certain of our legal contingencies.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation -

The Company records stock-based compensation expense according to the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASC Topic 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statement of operations over the service period of the award based on their fair values. Under the provisions of ASC Topic 718, the Company determines the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing stock-based payments and the amortization method for compensation cost.

The Company has stock option plans and equity compensation plans (collectively referred to as the “stock-based plans”) administered by the compensation committee of the board of directors (“compensation committee”) under which options and restricted stock units were outstanding as of March 31, 2022.

The Company’s equity compensation plan provides that all employees (employees, officers, directors, affiliates, independent contractors or consultants) are eligible to receive awards (grant of any option, stock appreciation right, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award, performance award, performance share, performance unit, qualified performance-based award, or other stock unit award) under the plan with the terms and conditions applicable to an award set forth in applicable grant documents.

Incentive stock option awards granted under the stock-based plans cannot be granted with an exercise price less than 100% of the per-share market value of the Company’s shares at the date of grant and have a maximum duration of ten years from the date of grant. Board policy currently requires that non-qualified options also must be priced at or above 100% of the fair market value of the common stock at the time of grant with a maximum duration of ten years.

Restricted stock units may be issued under the equity compensation plan and represent the right to receive shares in the future by way of an award agreement that includes vesting provisions. Award agreements can further provide for forfeitures triggered by certain prohibited activities, such as breach of confidentiality. All restricted stock units are expensed over the vesting period and adjusted for forfeitures as incurred. The vesting of some restricted stock units is subject to the Company’s achievement of certain performance criteria, as well as the individual remaining employed by the Company for a period of years.

The Company receives income tax deductions because of the exercise of non-qualified stock options and the vesting of other stock-based awards. To the extent the income tax deductions differ from the corresponding stock-based compensation expense, such excess tax benefits and deficiencies are included as a component of income tax expense and reflected as an operating cash flow included in changes in operating assets and liabilities.

Restructuring

Restructuring –The Company records costs associated with employee terminations and other exit activity in accordance with ASC 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations, depending on whether the costs relate to exit or disposal activities under the accounting standards, or whether they are other post-employment termination benefits. Under applicable accounting standards for exit or disposal costs, the Company records employee termination benefits as an operating expense when the benefit arrangement is communicated to the employee and no significant future services are required. Under the accounting standards related to post employment termination benefits, the Company records employee termination benefits when the termination benefits are probable and can be estimated. The Company recognizes the present value of facility lease termination obligations, net of estimated sublease income and other exit costs, when the Company has future payments with no future economic benefit or a commitment to pay the termination costs of a prior commitment. In future periods the Company will record accretion expense to increase the liability to an amount equal to the estimated future cash payments necessary to exit the leases. This requires judgment and management estimation to determine the expected time frame for securing a subtenant, the amount of sublease income to be received and the appropriate discount rate to calculate the present value of the future cash flows. Should actual lease exit costs differ from estimates, the Company may be required to adjust the restructuring charge within gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statement of operations in the period any adjustment is recorded.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year and Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12")	ASU 2019-12 simplified the accounting for income taxes, eliminated certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amended existing guidance to improve consistent application.	April 1, 2021	The effect of prospectively adopting ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures was not material.

Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
There are no material accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company not yet adopted

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Numerator And Denominator of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of basic and diluted loss per share is shown below (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	—		—		750
Net loss	$	(33,833)	$	(90,268)	$	(124,511)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Basic loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Dilutive effect of common stock options and restricted stock as computed under the treasury stock method (1)	—		—		—
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	68,211		66,304		67,760
Continuing operations	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.85)
Discontinued operations	—		—		0.01
Diluted loss per share	$	(0.50)	$	(1.36)	$	(1.84)

(1) The number of common stock options and restricted stock units as computed under the treasury stock method that would have otherwise been dilutive but are excluded from the table above because their effect would have been anti-dilutive due to the net loss position of the Company was 1.3 million, 2.7 million, and 2.4 million for the years ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Schedule of Anti-dilutive Options, Warrants and Restricted Stock Units Excluded from Computation of Loss Per Share

Restricted stock units that were outstanding during the years presented but were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive (other than due to the net loss position of the Company) are shown below (shares in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022	2021	2020
Number of shares underlying restricted stock units	686	90	1,368

Schedule of Activity of the Allowance For Credit Losses, Returns And Credits

A summary of the activity of the allowance for credit losses, returns and credits was (dollars in thousands):

For the twelve months ended:	Balance at beginning of period		Additions charged to costs and expenses	Other changes	Bad debts written off, net of amounts recovered	Balance at end of period
March 31, 2020	$	3,007	7,133	86	(2,651)	$	7,575
March 31, 2021	$	7,575	2,915	108	(2,981)	$	7,617
March 31, 2022	$	7,617	4,217	(3)	(1,870)	$	9,961

Schedule of Weighted Average Useful Lives of Intangible Assets

The weighted average useful lives of our intangible assets were as follows:

	Weighted Average Useful Life (years)
Developed technology	4.1
Customer relationships	5.3
Publisher and Data Supply relationships	5.2

Schedule of Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year and Recent Accounting Pronouncements not yet Adopted

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Current Year -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2019-12 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12")	ASU 2019-12 simplified the accounting for income taxes, eliminated certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amended existing guidance to improve consistent application.	April 1, 2021	The effect of prospectively adopting ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures was not material.

Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted -
Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
There are no material accounting pronouncements applicable to the Company not yet adopted

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary geographical market and major service offerings (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended March 31,
Primary Geographical Markets	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
Asia-Pacific ("APAC")	6,519		4,535		5,346
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572
Major Offerings/Services
Subscription	$	428,617	$	356,597	$	305,679
Marketplace and Other	100,040		86,429		74,893
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

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LEASES: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Right-of-use Asset and Lease Liability Balances

Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities balances consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021
Right-of-use assets included in other assets, net	$	59,459		$	11,731
Short-term lease liabilities included in other accrued expenses	$	8,984		$	9,608
Long-term lease liabilities included in other liabilities	$	52,241		$	4,158
Supplemental balance sheet information:
Weighted average remaining lease term	6.4 years			1.8 years
Weighted average discount rate	3.6		%	5.0		%

Schedule of Future Minimum Payments under all Operating Leases

Future minimum payments under all operating leases (including operating leases with a duration of one year or less) as of March 31, 2022 are as follows (dollars in thousands):  

	Amount
Fiscal 2023	$	9,308
Fiscal 2024	11,079
Fiscal 2025	9,700
Fiscal 2026	10,260
Fiscal 2027	9,231
Thereafter	19,610
Total undiscounted lease commitments	69,188
Less: Interest and short-term leases	7,963
Total discounted operating lease liabilities	$	61,225

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RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Summary of Restructuring Activity

The reserve balances are included in other accrued expenses and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands).

	Employee-related reserves		Lease accruals		Total
Balances at March 31, 2019	4,595		5,688		10,283
Restructuring charges and adjustments	2,291		1,139		3,430
Payments	(6,436)		(584)		(7,020)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	450	$	6,243	$	6,693
Restructuring charges and adjustments	1,663		62		1,725
Payments	(1,288)		(2,387)		(3,675)
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	825	$	3,918	$	4,743
Restructuring charges and adjustments	—		(19)		(19)
Payments	(778)		(872)		(1,650)
Balances at March 31, 2022	$	47	$	3,027	$	3,074

Schedule of Gains, Losses and other Items

The following table summarizes the activity included in gains, losses and other items, net in the consolidated statements of operations for each of the years presented (dollars in thousands): 

	Twelve Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Restructuring plan charges and adjustments	$	(19)	$	1,725	$	3,430
Early contract terminations	1,042		—		908
Other	456		990		663
	$	1,479	$	2,715	$	5,001

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ACQUISITIONS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Schedule of Recognized Identified Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	April 21, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	131
Goodwill	7,012
Intangible assets	3,500
Total assets acquired	10,643
Deferred income taxes	(710)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(65)
Net assets acquired	9,868
Less:
Cash acquired	(131)
Net purchase price allocated	9,737
Less:
Cash held back	(1,200)
Net cash paid in acquisition	8,537

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	February 17, 2021
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	2,099
Goodwill	56,436
Intangible assets	11,400
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,119
Total assets acquired	71,054
Deferred income taxes	(1,716)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(75)
Net assets acquired	69,263
Less:
Cash acquired	(2,099)
Net purchase price allocated	67,164
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(8,900)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	58,264

The following table summarizes the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 16, 2020
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	184
Trade accounts receivable	156
Goodwill	2,011
Intangible assets	1,100
Other current and noncurrent assets	43
Total assets acquired	3,494
Deferred income taxes	(288)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(89)
Net assets acquired	3,117
Less:
Cash acquired	(184)
Net cash paid	$	2,933

The following table summarizes the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition (dollars in thousands):

	July 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	438
Trade accounts receivable	957
Goodwill	90,619
Intangible assets	34,000
Other current and noncurrent assets	1,186
Total assets acquired	127,200
Deferred income taxes	(6,034)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,727)
Net assets acquired	118,439
Less:
Cash acquired	(438)
Net purchase price allocated	118,001
Less:
Restricted cash held in escrow	(14,815)
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	(2,300)
Net cash paid in acquisition	$	100,886

The results of operations for the acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated results beginning April 2, 2019.

The following table presents the purchase price allocation related to assets acquired and liabilities assumed (dollars in thousands):

	April 2, 2019
Assets acquired:
Cash	$	35
Trade accounts receivable	63
Goodwill	3,110
Intangible assets	1,700
Other current and noncurrent assets	126
Total assets acquired	5,034
Deferred income taxes	(194)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(326)
Net assets acquired	4,514
Less:
Cash acquired	(35)
Net cash paid	$	4,479

Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition

The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DataFleets was approximately $67.2 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $2.1 million cash acquired	58,264
Restricted cash held in escrow	8,900
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	67,164

The acquisition date fair value of the consideration for DPM was approximately $118.0 million, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):

Cash, net of $0.4 million cash acquired	$	100,886
Restricted cash held in escrow	14,815
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	2,300
Total fair value of consideration transferred	$	118,001

Finite-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets Acquired as Part of Business Combination

The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(in years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Customer relationships/trade names	400		2
Total intangible assets	$	11,400

The following table presents the components of intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the acquisition date (dollars in thousands):

			Useful life
	Fair value		(In years)
Developed technology	$	11,000	4
Data supply relationships	16,000		4
Customer relationships	6,000		4
Trademarks	1,000		2
Total intangible assets	$	34,000

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations

The following is a reconciliation of the major classes of line items constituting earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31, 2020
Operating expenses:
Gains, losses and other items, net	$	(957)
Total operating expenses	(957)
Earnings from discontinued operations before income taxes	957
Income taxes	207
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	750

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OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Other Current Assets

Other current assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Prepaid expenses and other	$	13,947	$	31,659
Share receivable for cash settlement of withheld income tax withholdings on equity award	—		9,055
Certificates of deposit	7,500		7,500
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528		15,838
Other current assets	$	36,975	$	64,052

Schedule of Components of Other Noncurrent Assets

Other noncurrent assets consist of the following (dollars in thousands):  

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Long-term prepaid revenue share	$	13,468	$	8,127
Right-of-use assets (see Note 4)	59,459		11,731
Deferred tax asset	1,224		663
Deposits	4,486		2,745
Strategic investments	5,700		5,700
Other miscellaneous noncurrent assets	877		1,888
Other assets, net	$	85,214	$	30,854

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment

Property and equipment is summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Leasehold improvements	$	28,224	$	26,024
Data processing equipment	7,001		9,053
Office furniture and other equipment	9,776		9,207
	45,001		44,284
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	33,470		32,327
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	$	11,531	$	11,957

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GOODWILL: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill by Operating Segment and Activity and by Component included in each Segment

Changes in goodwill for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Total
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	297,796
Acquisition of Acuity Data	2,011
Acquisition of DataFleets	56,436
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	1,203
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	357,446
Acquisition of Diablo	7,012
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(613)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

Goodwill by geography as of March 31, 2022 was: 

	Total
U.S.	$	360,466
APAC	3,379
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	363,845

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Amortization Activity of Intangible Assets

The following table shows the amortization activity of intangible assets (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Developed technology, gross	$	84,146	$	78,547
Accumulated amortization	(67,980)		(60,424)
Net developed technology	$	16,166	$	18,123
Customer relationship/Trade name, gross	$	43,490	$	43,506
Accumulated amortization	(40,582)		(37,510)
Net customer/trade name	$	2,908	$	5,996
Publisher/Data supply relationships, gross	$	39,800	$	39,800
Accumulated amortization	(32,156)		(24,189)
Net publisher/data supply relationships	$	7,644	$	15,611
Total intangible assets, gross	$	167,436	$	161,853
Total accumulated amortization	(140,718)		(122,123)
Total intangible assets, net	$	26,718	$	39,730

Schedule of Estimated Future Amortization Expenses related to Purchases and Other Intangible Assets

The following table presents the estimated future amortization expenses related to intangible assets.

Fiscal Year:
2023	$	16,837
2024	6,860
2025	3,021
	$	26,718

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OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract].

Schedule of Other Accrued Expenses

Other accrued expenses consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	15,838
Short-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	8,984		9,608
DPM consideration holdback (see Note 14)	6,092		6,092
Acuity performance earnout liability (see Note 14)	2,420		2,208
DataFleets consideration holdback (see Note 5)	756		755
Diablo consideration holdback (see Note 5)	1,200		—
Rakam consideration holdback (see Note 5)	223		—
Other miscellaneous accrued expenses	10,864		23,852
Other accrued expenses	$	46,067	$	58,353

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OTHER LIABILITIES: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Liabilities

Other liabilities consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	March 31, 2022		March 31, 2021
Uncertain tax positions	$	24,374	$	26,156
Long-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	52,241		4,158
Restructuring accruals	3,619		4,510
Other	5,876		7,565
Other liabilities	$	86,110	$	42,389

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contractual Obligation, Fiscal Year Maturity

The following table presents the Company’s purchase commitments at March 31, 2022.  Purchase commitments primarily include contractual commitments for the purchase of data, hosting services, software-as-a-service arrangements and leasehold improvements. The table does not include the future payment of liabilities related to uncertain tax positions of $24.4 million as the Company is not able to predict the periods in which the payments will be made (dollars in thousands):

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Purchase commitments	$	58,495	$	48,201	$	46,514	$	33,150	$	186,360

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Activity, by Award Type

The Company's stock-based compensation activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, by award type, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Stock options	$	1,935	$	2,308	$	3,675
Restricted stock units	56,008		78,164		55,543
Diablo restricted stock awards	794		—		—
Arbor acquisition consideration holdback	—		—		2,553
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	8,122		8,030		6,185
Pacific Data Partners ("PDP") assumed performance plan	9,101		18,388		20,332
Acuity performance plan	1,912		2,208		—
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		755		—
Other stock-based compensation	3,342		1,854		1,159
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	87,257		111,707		89,447
Less expense related to liability-based equity awards	(16,077)		(27,311)		(24,228)
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of equity	$	71,180	$	84,396	$	65,219

Schedule of Effect of Stock-based Compensation Expense on Income, by Financial Statement Line Item

The effect of stock-based compensation expense on income, by financial statement line item, was (dollars in thousands):

	For the twelve months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Cost of revenue	$	4,111	$	5,300	$	3,769
Research and development	32,112		38,960		23,260
Sales and marketing	28,586		40,401		38,026
General and administrative	22,448		27,046		24,392
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of operations	$	87,257	$	111,707	$	89,447

Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share Based Payment Award, Future Expense

The following table provides the expected future expense for all of the Company's outstanding equity awards at March 31, 2022, by award type.

	For the years ending March 31,
	2023		2024		2025		2026		Total
Stock options	$	1,089	$	720	$	158	$	—	$	1,967
Restricted stock units	71,881		55,301		38,236		11,806		177,224
Diablo restricted stock awards	518		518		89		—		1,125
DPM acquisition consideration holdback	2,031		—		—		—		2,031
Acuity performance plan	815		165		—		—		980
DataFleets acquisition consideration holdback	6,043		5,287		—		—		11,330
Other stock-based compensation	353		—		—		—		353
Expected future expense	$	82,730	$	61,991	$	38,483	$	11,806	$	195,010

Schedule of Option Activity

Stock option activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:  

				Weighted average
		Weighted average		remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	exercise price		contractual term	Intrinsic value
	shares	per share		(In years)	(In thousands)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	844,045	$	15.31
Exercised	(110,617)	$	9.35		$	4,338
Forfeited or canceled	(3,424)	$	2.39
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	730,004	$	16.28	2.2	$	15,411
Exercisable at March 31, 2022	699,260	$	16.96	1.9	$	14,289

Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable

A summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2022 was:

					Options outstanding				Options exercisable
Range of						Weighted average	Weighted average			Weighted average
exercise price					Options	remaining	exercise price		Options	exercise price
per share					outstanding	contractual life	per share		exercisable	per share
$	—	—	$	9.99	81,495	5.6 years	$	0.99	50,751	$	1.06
$	10.00	—	$	19.99	346,807	1.7 years	$	15.50	346,807	$	15.50
$	20.00	—	$	24.99	301,702	1.8 years	$	21.31	301,702	$	21.31
					730,004	2.2 years	$	16.28	699,260	$	16.96

Schedule of Changes in Restricted Stock

Changes in the Company's restricted stock for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted average
		fair value per		Weighted average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2021	—	$	—
Diablo replacement restricted stock award	40,600	$	47.29
Vested	(15,834)	$	47.29
Unvested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2022	24,766	$	47.29	2.17

Schedule of Time-vesting Restricted Stock Unit Activity

RSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	2,692,243	$	45.96	2.76
Granted	3,191,809	$	47.22
Vested	(642,656)	$	44.15
Forfeited or canceled	(1,064,714)	$	46.75
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	4,176,682	$	47.00	2.85

Schedule of Non-vested Performance-based Restricted Stock Units Activity

PSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2022 was:

		Weighted-average
		fair value per		Weighted-average
	Number	share at grant		remaining contractual
	of shares	date		term (in years)
Outstanding at March 31, 2021	631,869	$	49.74	1.54
Granted	249,152	$	50.54
Vested	(136,445)	$	45.54
Forfeited or canceled	(160,108)	$	48.98
Outstanding at March 31, 2022	584,468	$	51.26	1.01

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INCOME TAX: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Total Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Total income tax expense (benefit) was allocated as follows (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Continuing operations	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)
Discontinued operations	—		—		207
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,069)

Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit) attributable to loss from continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	(1,227)	$	(28,060)	$	(33,715)
Non-U.S.	305		17		146
State	1,220		(1,071)		171
	298		(29,114)		(33,398)
Deferred:
U.S. Federal	(895)		(1,205)		(5,103)
Non-U.S.	(608)		(44)		(1,006)
State	(37)		(169)		(769)
	(1,540)		(1,418)		(6,878)
Total	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign

Income (loss) before income tax attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. continuing operations consists of (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
U.S.	$	(37,415)	$	(122,257)	$	(160,457)
Non-U.S.	2,340		1,457		(5,080)
Total	$	(35,075)	$	(120,800)	$	(165,537)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Below is a reconciliation of expected income tax benefit computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% to loss before income taxes to actual income tax benefit from continuing operations (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Computed expected income tax benefit	$	(7,366)	$	(25,368)	$	(34,763)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	691		(979)		(473)
Research and other tax credits	(3,107)		(4,635)		(1,517)
Nondeductible expenses	673		1,104		838
Stock-based compensation	5,576		(2,024)		5,025
Non-U.S. subsidiaries taxed at other rates	(364)		194		230
Adjustment to valuation allowances	2,520		2,230		(2,245)
Net operating loss carryback taxed at other rates	—		—		(7,360)
Other, net	135		(1,054)		(11)
	$	(1,242)	$	(30,532)	$	(40,276)

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below (dollars in thousands).  

	2022		2021
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$	5,682	$	3,501
Lease liabilities	14,090		3,324
Net operating loss carryforwards	25,737		35,945
Stock-based compensation	8,022		2,991
Nonqualified deferred compensation	3,119		2,802
Property and equipment	496		—
Tax credit carryforwards	7,588		10,241
Other	1,351		444
Total deferred tax assets	66,085		59,248
Less valuation allowance	(37,399)		(35,332)
Net deferred tax assets	28,686		23,916
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	(2,296)		(6,734)
Property and equipment	—		(248)
Right-of-use assets	(13,691)		(3,016)
Intangible assets	(4,218)		(8,409)
Deferred commissions	(7,562)		(5,391)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(27,767)		(23,798)
Net deferred tax assets	$	919	$	118

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward

The following table sets forth changes in the total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands):

	Year ended March 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	25,026	$	23,400	$	19,600
Increases related to prior year tax positions	411		—		2,458
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	—		(139)		(1,048)
Increases related to current year tax positions	990		1,765		2,433
Lapse of statute of limitations	(2,610)		—		(43)
Balance at end of period	$	23,817	$	25,026	$	23,400

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FOREIGN OPERATIONS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract]

Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas

The following table shows financial information by geographic area (dollars in thousands): 

	Year ended March 31,
Revenue	2022		2021		2020
United States	$	495,765	$	415,976	$	354,437
Foreign
Europe	26,373		22,515		20,789
APAC	6,519		4,535		5,346
All Foreign	32,892		27,050		26,135
	$	528,657	$	443,026	$	380,572

Long-lived assets excluding financial instruments (dollars in thousands):

	March 31,
	2022		2021
United States	$	509,014	$	456,662
Foreign
Europe	4,174		1,084
APAC	4,714		4,860
All Foreign	8,888		5,944
	$	517,902	$	462,606

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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The following table details the fair value measurements within the fair value hierarchy of the Company's financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

 

	March 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528
Total	$	15,528	$	—	$	—	$	15,528

	March 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other current assets:
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838
Total	$	15,838	$	—	$	—	$	15,838

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) segment	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) reporting_unit	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment	1
Unbilled amounts included in accounts receivable	$ 12.5	$ 8.0
Capitalized contract cost amortization period		4 years
Recognition of capitalized contract cost	8.0	$ 6.6
Number of reporting units | reporting_unit		3
Advertising expense	$ 10.5	$ 7.0	$ 9.8
Revenue Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Ten Largest Customers
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	28.00%
Revenue Benchmark | Customer Concentration Risk | Interpublic Group of Companies
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	11.00%
Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Amortization period	2 years
Minimum | Incentive Stock Option
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Exercise price as a percentage of the per-share market value of the Company's shares at the date of grant	100.00%
Minimum | Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Minimum | Data processing equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	2 years
Minimum | Office furniture and other equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	3 years
Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Amortization period	6 years
Maximum | Incentive Stock Option
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Duration of stock options granted	10 years
Maximum | Nonqualified Options
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Exercise price as a percentage of the per-share market value of the Company's shares at the date of grant	100.00%
Duration of stock options granted	10 years
Maximum | Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	7 years
Maximum | Data processing equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Maximum | Office furniture and other equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	7 years

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: Earnings (Loss) per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Net loss from continuing operations	$ (33,833)	$ (90,268)	$ (125,261)
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	0	0	750
Net loss	$ (33,833)	$ (90,268)	$ (124,511)
Basic earnings (loss) per share
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	68,211	66,304	67,760
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.85)
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01
Basic earnings (loss) per share (in USD per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.84)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	68,211	66,304	67,760
Dilutive effect of common stock options and restricted stock as computed under the treasury stock method (in shares)	0	0	0
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	68,211	66,304	67,760
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.85)
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (in USD per share)	$ (0.50)	$ (1.36)	$ (1.84)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount	686	90	1,368
Continuing operations
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share, amount	1,300	2,700	2,400

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: Summary of the Activity of the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, Returns and Credits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 7,617	$ 7,575	$ 3,007
Additions charged to costs and expenses	4,217	2,915	7,133
Other changes	(3)	108	86
Bad debts written off, net of amounts recovered	(1,870)	(2,981)	(2,651)
Balance at end of period	$ 9,961	$ 7,617	$ 7,575

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ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES: Finite-Lived Intangible Assets (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)	4 years 1 month 6 days
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)	5 years 3 months 18 days
Publisher and Data Supply relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)	5 years 2 months 12 days

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS: Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 528,657	$ 443,026	$ 380,572
Subscription
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	428,617	356,597	305,679
Marketplace and Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	100,040	86,429	74,893
United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	495,765	415,976	354,437
Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	26,373	22,515	20,789
Asia-Pacific ("APAC")
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 6,519	$ 4,535	$ 5,346

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS: Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	$ 394.2
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2022-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, remaining performance obligation	$ 308.5
Revenue, remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period	12 months

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LEASES: Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Leases [Abstract]
Right-of-use assets included in other assets, net	$ 59,459	$ 11,731
Operating lease, right-of-use asset, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other assets, net	Other assets, net
Short-term lease liabilities included in other accrued expenses	$ 8,984	$ 9,608
Operating lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Accrued Liabilities, Current	Other Accrued Liabilities, Current
Long-term lease liabilities included in other liabilities	$ 52,241	$ 4,158
Operating lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other liabilities	Other liabilities
Weighted average remaining lease term	6 years 4 months 24 days	1 year 9 months 18 days
Weighted average discount rate	3.60%	5.00%

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LEASES: Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Operating lease costs	$ 11,600	$ 11,600	$ 10,100
Lease period extensions	7 years
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$ 56,182	$ 372	$ 2,707
Fiscal 2023	9,308
Fiscal 2024	11,079
Fiscal 2025	9,700
Fiscal 2026	10,260
Leased office facilities
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Fiscal 2023	2,663
Fiscal 2024	2,698
Fiscal 2025	2,698
Fiscal 2026	$ 1,799
Minimum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Lease period extensions	2 years
Maximum
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Lease period extensions	8 years

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LEASES: Operating Lease, Liability Maturity (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]
Fiscal 2023	$ 9,308
Fiscal 2024	11,079
Fiscal 2025	9,700
Fiscal 2026	10,260
Fiscal 2027	9,231
Thereafter	19,610
Total undiscounted lease commitments	69,188
Less: Interest and short-term leases	7,963
Total discounted operating lease liabilities	$ 61,225

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RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES: Summary of restructuring activity (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring charges and adjustments	$ (19)	$ 1,725	$ 3,430
Employee-related reserves
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring Reserve, at the end of the period	100
Continuing operations
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring Reserve, at the beginning of the period	4,743	6,693	10,283
Restructuring charges and adjustments	(19)	1,725	3,430
Payments	(1,650)	(3,675)	(7,020)
Restructuring Reserve, at the end of the period	3,074	4,743	6,693
Continuing operations | Employee-related reserves
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring Reserve, at the beginning of the period	825	450	4,595
Restructuring charges and adjustments	0	1,663	2,291
Payments	(778)	(1,288)	(6,436)
Restructuring Reserve, at the end of the period	47	825	450
Continuing operations | Lease accruals
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring Reserve, at the beginning of the period	3,918	6,243	5,688
Restructuring charges and adjustments	(19)	62	1,139
Payments	(872)	(2,387)	(584)
Restructuring Reserve, at the end of the period	$ 3,027	$ 3,918	$ 6,243

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RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES: Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments	$ (19)	$ 1,725	$ 3,430
Employee Severance
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring reserve	100
Employee Severance | Restructuring Activity 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments			2,300
Restructuring reserve			200
Facility Closing | Restructuring Activity 2017
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments	7,300
Restructuring reserve	$ 3,000
Facility Closing | Restructuring Activity 2021
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments		1,000
United States and Europe | Employee Severance
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments		$ 1,700
Asia-Pacific ("APAC") | Employee Severance | Restructuring Activity 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments			600
United States | Employee Severance | Restructuring Activity 2020
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges and adjustments			$ 1,700

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RESTRUCTURING, IMPAIRMENT AND OTHER CHARGES: Gains, losses and other items (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring plan charges and adjustments	$ (19)	$ 1,725	$ 3,430
Early contract terminations	1,042	0	908
Other	456	990	663
Total gains, losses and other items, net	$ 1,479	$ 2,715	$ 5,001

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ACQUISITIONS: Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands							1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 13, 2021 USD ($) shares	Apr. 21, 2021 USD ($)	Feb. 17, 2021 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments	Jul. 16, 2020 USD ($)	Jul. 02, 2019 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments	Apr. 02, 2019 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments
Diablo.AI, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Vesting period		3 years
Payments to acquire businesses, gross		$ 9,700
Holdback consideration transferred		1,200
Assumed restricted stock awards		$ 1,900
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)		3 years
Net purchase price allocated		$ 9,737
DataFleets, Ltd
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Holdback consideration transferred								$ 18,100
Net purchase price allocated			$ 67,164
Restricted cash held in escrow			8,900
Total fair value of the replacement stock options issued			2,900				$ 2,900
DataFleets, Ltd | Consideration Holdback
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high			$ 18,100
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, number of annual increments | annual_repayment_installments			3					3
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, performance period			3 years
Acuity Data
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, gross				$ 2,900
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high				$ 5,100				$ 5,100
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, performance period				3 years
Data Plus Math Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Holdback consideration transferred									$ 24,400
Assumed restricted stock awards					$ 2,300
Net purchase price allocated					118,001
Restricted cash held in escrow					14,815
Total fair value of the replacement stock options issued					7,400
Escrow deposit					14,800
Share-based payment arrangement, amount capitalized					5,100
Data Plus Math Corporation | Consideration Holdback
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high					$ 24,700
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, number of annual increments | annual_repayment_installments					3				3
Contingent consideration arrangements, earning period					3 years
Faktor B.V.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, gross						$ 4,500
Rakam Technology Asset Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments for asset acquisition	$ 2,200
Asset acquisition, contingent consideration	200
Finite-lived intangible assets acquired	$ 2,200
Amortization period	3 years
Rakam Technology Asset Acquisition | Restricted stock units
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Granted (in shares) | shares	2,600,000
Vesting period	4 years

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ACQUISITIONS: Purchase Price Allocation Related to Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands						12 Months Ended
	Apr. 21, 2021	Feb. 17, 2021	Jul. 16, 2020	Jul. 02, 2019	Apr. 02, 2019	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill						$ 363,845	$ 357,446	$ 297,796
Net cash paid						$ 19,107	$ 76,012	$ 105,365
Diablo.AI, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash	$ 131
Goodwill	7,012
Intangible assets	3,500
Total assets acquired	10,643
Deferred income taxes	(710)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(65)
Net assets acquired	9,868
Net cash paid	8,537
Cash acquired	(131)
Cash held back	(1,200)
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price	(1,900)
Net purchase price allocated	$ 9,737
DataFleets, Ltd
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash		$ 2,099
Goodwill		56,436
Intangible assets		11,400
Other current and noncurrent assets		1,119
Total assets acquired		71,054
Deferred income taxes		(1,716)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(75)
Net assets acquired		69,263
Net cash paid		58,264
Cash acquired		(2,099)
Cash held back		(8,900)
Restricted cash held in escrow		(8,900)
Net purchase price allocated		$ 67,164
Acuity Data
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash			$ 184
Trade accounts receivable			156
Goodwill			2,011
Intangible assets			1,100
Other current and noncurrent assets			43
Total assets acquired			3,494
Deferred income taxes			(288)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses			(89)
Net assets acquired			3,117
Net cash paid			2,933
Cash acquired			$ (184)
Data Plus Math Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash				$ 438
Trade accounts receivable				957
Goodwill				90,619
Intangible assets				34,000
Other current and noncurrent assets				1,186
Total assets acquired				127,200
Deferred income taxes				(6,034)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses				(2,727)
Net assets acquired				118,439
Net cash paid				100,886
Cash acquired				(438)
Restricted cash held in escrow				(14,815)
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price				(2,300)
Net purchase price allocated				$ 118,001
Faktor B.V.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash					$ 35
Trade accounts receivable					63
Goodwill					3,110
Intangible assets					1,700
Other current and noncurrent assets					126
Total assets acquired					5,034
Deferred income taxes					(194)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses					(326)
Net assets acquired					4,514
Net cash paid					4,479
Cash acquired					$ (35)

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ACQUISITIONS: Components of Intangible Assets Acquired and Their Estimated Useful Lives as of Acquisition Date (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Feb. 17, 2021	Jul. 02, 2019
DataFleets, Ltd
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 11,400
DataFleets, Ltd | Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 11,000
Amortization period	4 years
DataFleets, Ltd | Customer relationship/Trade name, gross
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 400
Amortization period	2 years
Data Plus Math Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets		$ 34,000
Data Plus Math Corporation | Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets		$ 11,000
Amortization period		4 years
Data Plus Math Corporation | Customer relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets		$ 6,000
Amortization period		4 years
Data Plus Math Corporation | Data supply relationships
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets		$ 16,000
Amortization period		4 years
Data Plus Math Corporation | Trademarks
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets		$ 1,000
Amortization period		2 years

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS: Narrative (Details) - Acxiom Marketing Solutions - Discontinued Operations $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash proceeds from disposal of operations	$ 2,300.0
Closing adjustments and transaction costs	49.0
Repayments of debt	230.5
Discontinued operation, gain (loss) on disposal of discontinued operation, net of tax	$ 1,700.0

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS: Reconciliation of the Major Classes of Line Items Constituting Earnings from Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Income taxes	$ 0	$ 0	$ 207
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ 0	$ 0	750
Acxiom Marketing Solutions | Discontinued Operations
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gains, losses and other items, net			(957)
Total operating expenses			(957)
Earnings from discontinued operations before income taxes			957
Income taxes			207
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax			$ 750

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OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS: Schedule of Other Current and Noncurrent Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Other current assets
Prepaid expenses and other	$ 13,947	$ 31,659
Share receivable for cash settlement of withheld income tax withholdings on equity award	0	9,055
Certificates of deposit	7,500	7,500
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528	15,838
Other current assets	36,975	64,052
Other noncurrent assets
Long-term prepaid revenue share	13,468	8,127
Right-of-use assets (see Note 4)	59,459	11,731
Deferred tax asset	1,224	663
Deposits	4,486	2,745
Strategic investments	5,700	5,700
Other miscellaneous noncurrent assets	877	1,888
Other assets, net	$ 85,214	$ 30,854

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OTHER CURRENT AND NONCURRENT ASSETS: Narrative (Details) - Disposal Group, Disposed of by Sale, Not Discontinued Operations - IT Infrastructure Management Business - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Retained profits interest		$ 0.7
Gain on disposition of business	$ 30.5
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses	$ 31.2

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 45,001	$ 44,284
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	33,470	32,327
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization	11,531	11,957
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	28,224	26,024
Data processing equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	7,001	9,053
Office furniture and other equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 9,776	$ 9,207

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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT: Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation expense	$ 5.4	$ 8.9	$ 15.3
Accelerated depreciation expense			$ 3.6

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GOODWILL: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Goodwill
Goodwill at the beginning of year	$ 357,446	$ 297,796
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(613)	1,203
Goodwill at the end of year	363,845	357,446
Acuity Data
Goodwill
Goodwill, acquired during period		2,011
DataFleets, Ltd
Goodwill
Goodwill, acquired during period		$ 56,436
Diablo.AI, Inc.
Goodwill
Goodwill, acquired during period	$ 7,012

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GOODWILL: Goodwill by Geography (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Goodwill information
Goodwill	$ 363,845	$ 357,446	$ 297,796
U.S.
Goodwill information
Goodwill	360,466
APAC
Goodwill information
Goodwill	$ 3,379

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS: - Amounts Allocated to Intangible Assets from Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 167,436	$ 161,853
Accumulated amortization	(140,718)	(122,123)
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	26,718	39,730
Developed technology, gross
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	84,146	78,547
Accumulated amortization	(67,980)	(60,424)
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	16,166	18,123
Customer relationship/Trade name, gross
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	43,490	43,506
Accumulated amortization	(40,582)	(37,510)
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	2,908	5,996
Publisher/Data supply relationships, gross
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	39,800	39,800
Accumulated amortization	(32,156)	(24,189)
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 7,644	$ 15,611

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS: Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense	$ 18.7	$ 18.0	$ 19.0

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS: - Estimated Future Amortization Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2023	$ 16,837
2024	6,860
2025	3,021
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net	$ 26,718	$ 39,730

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OTHER ACCRUED EXPENSES: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan	$ 15,528	$ 15,838
Short-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	8,984	9,608
Other miscellaneous accrued expenses	10,864	23,852
Other accrued expenses	46,067	58,353
Rakam Technology Asset Acquisition
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Rakam consideration holdback (see Note 5)	223	0
Data Plus Math Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration, liability, current	6,092	6,092
Acuity Data
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration, liability, current	2,420	2,208
DataFleets, Ltd
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration, liability, current	756	755
Diablo.AI, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration, liability, current	$ 1,200	$ 0

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OTHER LIABILITIES: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Uncertain tax positions	$ 24,374	$ 26,156
Long-term lease liabilities (see Note 3)	52,241	4,158
Restructuring accruals	3,619	4,510
Other	5,876	7,565
Other liabilities	$ 86,110	$ 42,389

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES: Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Deferred tax liability not recognized, amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability, bad debt reserve for tax purposes of qualified lender	$ 24.4

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES: (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Purchase Obligation, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2023	$ 58,495
2024	48,201
2025	46,514
2026	33,150
Total	$ 186,360

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Narrative (Details)					1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 13, 2021 shares	Apr. 21, 2021 USD ($)	Feb. 17, 2021 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments	Jul. 02, 2019 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments $ / shares shares	Feb. 28, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2020 shares	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments $ / shares shares	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($) annual_repayment_installments $ / shares shares	Jul. 16, 2020 USD ($)
Share-based compensation
Common stock, shares authorized | shares					200,000,000			200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock, par or stated value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares					$ 0.10			$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Preferred stock, shares authorized | shares					1,000,000			1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, par or stated value (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares					$ 1.00			$ 1.00	$ 1.00
Acquisition of treasury stock								$ 58,621,000	$ 42,312,000	$ 182,190,000
Treasury stock, at cost (in shares) | shares					79,600,000			81,200,000	79,600,000
Treasury stock, at cost					$ 2,026,518,000			$ 2,099,765,000	$ 2,026,518,000
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 9.35
Exercised								$ 4,338,000
Future expense for performance stock option units								195,010,000
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), foreign currency translation adjustment					$ 7,522,000			5,730,000	7,522,000
DataFleets, Ltd
Share-based compensation
Total fair value of the replacement stock options issued			$ 2,900,000			$ 2,900,000
Holdback consideration transferred									$ 18,100,000
Holdback expenses								6,800,000
Holdback expenses, expected costs								6,000,000
DataFleets, Ltd | Consideration Holdback
Share-based compensation
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high			$ 18,100,000
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, number of annual increments | annual_repayment_installments			3		3				3
DataFleets, Ltd | Accrued Liabilities
Share-based compensation
Holdback expenses								800,000
Data Plus Math Corporation
Share-based compensation
Total fair value of the replacement stock options issued				$ 7,400,000
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price				2,300,000
Share-based payment arrangement, amount capitalized				5,100,000
Holdback consideration transferred										$ 24,400,000
Holdback expenses								22,300,000
Holdback expenses, expected costs								8,100,000
Data Plus Math Corporation | Consideration Holdback
Share-based compensation
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high				$ 24,700,000
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, number of annual increments | annual_repayment_installments				3						3
Data Plus Math Corporation | Accrued Liabilities
Share-based compensation
Holdback expenses								6,100,000
Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Fair value of replacement stock options considered a component of purchase price		$ 1,900,000
Vesting period		3 years
Holdback consideration transferred		$ 1,200,000
Acuity Data
Share-based compensation
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high					$ 5,100,000				$ 5,100,000		$ 5,100,000
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense								4,100,000
Business combination, contingent consideration, liability, expected costs								1,700,000
Acuity Data | Accrued Liabilities
Share-based compensation
Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability								2,400,000
Pacific Data Partners LLC
Share-based compensation
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense								65,500,000
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense								56,008,000	78,164,000	$ 55,543,000
Restricted stock units | Rakam Technology Asset Acquisition
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares	2,600,000
Vesting period	4 years
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense								$ 794,000	$ 0	$ 0
Restricted stock units | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Tranche Three
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares					700,000
Compensation costs					$ 21,400,000
Incremental compensation cost					8,400,000
Accelerated original grant date fair value compensation cost					$ 13,000,000
Restricted stock units | Time Based Vesting
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares								1,064,714
Granted (in shares) | shares								3,191,809	2,228,445	1,697,506
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted									$ 99,800,000	$ 85,600,000
Vested in period, fair value								$ 30,300,000	$ 126,900,000	$ 59,800,000
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares					2,692,243			4,176,682	2,692,243
Vesting in period (in shares) | shares								642,656
Restricted stock units | Time Based Vesting | Rakam Technology Asset Acquisition
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								55,927
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 2,600,000
Restricted stock units | Time Based Vesting | Data Plus Math Corporation
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares									193,595	155,346
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted									$ 13,500,000	$ 7,300,000
Restricted stock units | Time Based Vesting | Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								98,442
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 4,700,000
Restricted stock units | Vesting in four years
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								3,037,440
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 143,400,000
Vesting period								4 years	4 years	4 years
Restricted stock units | Performance stock
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares								160,108
Granted (in shares) | shares								249,152	246,524	202,818
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 12,600,000	$ 10,700,000	$ 12,300,000
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares					631,869			584,468	631,869
Vesting in period (in shares) | shares								136,445
The total fair value of performance-based restricted stock units								$ 6,700,000	$ 8,400,000
Restricted stock units | ATS Performance Plan Vesting Total Shareholder Return
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								36,425
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 1,700,000
Restricted stock units | ATS Performance Plan Vesting Total Shareholder Return | Minimum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								0.00%
Restricted stock units | ATS Performance Plan Vesting Total Shareholder Return | Maximum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								100.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Total Shareholder Return
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								63,815	73,950	60,844
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 3,800,000	$ 4,200,000	$ 4,400,000
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares								119,268
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Total Shareholder Return | Minimum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Total Shareholder Return | Maximum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								200.00%	200.00%	200.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting One Year Anniversary Of Attainment
Share-based compensation
Vesting period								1 year
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Under The Second Plan
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares									172,574	141,974
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted									$ 6,500,000	$ 7,900,000
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Under The Second Plan | Minimum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage									0.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Under The Second Plan | Maximum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage									200.00%
Restricted stock units | 2021 Performance Shares That Will Vest Immediately
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares								71,666
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares								208,750
Hurdle achievement, percentage								50.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting In Three Equal Annual Increments
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares										38,063
Award vesting rights percentage								0.00%
Vesting in period (in shares) | shares							82,494
Restricted stock units | Vesting Based on Relevant Performance Period Over Two Periods at March 31 2022 | Minimum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage							0.00%
Restricted stock units | Vesting Based on Relevant Performance Period Over Two Periods at March 31 2022 | Maximum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage							200.00%
Restricted stock units | Performance Shares Vesting Based On Attainment Of The Year Over Year Revenue Growth Targets
Share-based compensation
Vesting in period (in shares) | shares										59,480
Restricted stock units | Vesting Based On Relevant Performance Period Over Two Periods At March 31, 2020
Share-based compensation
Forfeited in period (in shares) | shares										97,543
Award vesting rights percentage										164.00%
Stock options
Share-based compensation
Exercised								$ 4,300,000	$ 23,200,000	$ 6,700,000
Share-based compensation expense								$ 1,935,000	$ 2,308,000	$ 3,675,000
Stock options | DataFleets, Ltd
Share-based compensation
Shares issued in period (in shares) | shares						42,154
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares						$ 0.70
Stock options | Data Plus Math Corporation
Share-based compensation
Shares issued in period (in shares) | shares										162,481
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares										$ 1.64
Restricted Stock | Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Conversion of convertible securities (in shares) | shares								40,600
Conversion of convertible securities								$ 1,900,000
Vesting period								3 years
Vested in period, fair value								$ 800,000
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares					0			24,766	0
Vesting in period (in shares) | shares								15,834
Employee Stock
Share-based compensation
Stock issued during period, ESPP (in shares) | shares								103,447
Shares issued, price per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 41.44
Stock issued during period, ESPP, value								$ 4,300,000
Share-based compensation expense								1,800,000
Future expense for performance stock option units								400,000
Common Stock Repurchase Program
Share-based compensation
Stock repurchase program, authorized amount								$ 1,000,000,000
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares) | shares								1,300,000	1,300,000	4,400,000
Acquisition of treasury stock								$ 58,600,000	$ 42,300,000	$ 182,200,000
Treasury stock, at cost (in shares) | shares								29,600,000
Treasury stock, at cost								$ 732,200,000
Stock repurchase program, remaining amount								$ 267,800,000
Stock Option and Equity Compensation Plans
Share-based compensation
Total shares reserved for issuance since inception of the stock option and equity compensation plans (in shares) | shares								39,100,000
Shares which remained available for future grants (in shares) | shares								2,800,000
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | Performance stock
Share-based compensation
Granted (in shares) | shares								148,912
Aggregate fair value of restricted stock units granted								$ 7,100,000
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | Performance stock | Minimum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								0.00%
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | Performance stock | Maximum
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								200.00%
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | 2022 Performance-Based Stock Units That Will Vest Immediately
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								50.00%
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | 2022 Performance-Based Stock Units That Will Vest On The One Year Anniversary Of Attainment
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								50.00%
Operating Metrics Performance Plan | Restricted stock units | 2021 Performance Shares That Will Vest Immediately
Share-based compensation
Award vesting rights percentage								50.00%

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Stock-based Compensation Activity, by Award Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	$ 87,257	$ 111,707	$ 89,447
Total non-cash stock-based compensation included in the consolidated statements of equity	71,180	84,396	65,219
Stock options
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	1,935	2,308	3,675
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	56,008	78,164	55,543
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	794	0	0
Arbor Holdback Agreement | Arbor
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	0	0	2,553
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	8,122	8,030	6,185
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	6,043	755	0
Pacific Data Partners, LLC Agreement Plan | Pacific Data Partners LLC
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	9,101	18,388	20,332
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	1,912	2,208	0
Other stock-based compensation
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation expense	3,342	1,854	1,159
Liability-based equity awards
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	$ (16,077)	$ (27,311)	$ (24,228)

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Effect of Stock-based Compensation Expense on Income, by Financial Statement Line Item (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	$ 87,257	$ 111,707	$ 89,447
Cost of revenue
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	4,111	5,300	3,769
Research and development
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	32,112	38,960	23,260
Sales and marketing
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	28,586	40,401	38,026
General and administrative
Share-based compensation
Total non-cash stock-based compensation	$ 22,448	$ 27,046	$ 24,392

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Future Expense, by Award Type (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Share-based compensation
Total	$ 195,010
2023
Share-based compensation
Total	82,730
2024
Share-based compensation
Total	61,991
2025
Share-based compensation
Total	38,483
2026
Share-based compensation
Total	11,806
Stock options
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation not yet recognized	1,967
Stock options | 2023
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation not yet recognized	1,089
Stock options | 2024
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation not yet recognized	720
Stock options | 2025
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation not yet recognized	158
Stock options | 2026
Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation not yet recognized	0
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	177,224
Restricted stock units | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	71,881
Restricted stock units | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	55,301
Restricted stock units | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	38,236
Restricted stock units | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	11,806
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc.
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	1,125
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc. | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	518
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc. | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	518
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc. | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	89
Restricted stock units | Diablo.AI, Inc. | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	2,031
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	2,031
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Consideration Holdback | Data Plus Math Corporation | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	11,330
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	6,043
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	5,287
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Consideration Holdback | DataFleets, Ltd | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	980
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	815
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	165
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Acuity Performance Earnout | Acuity Data | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Other stock-based compensation
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	353
Other stock-based compensation | 2023
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	353
Other stock-based compensation | 2024
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Other stock-based compensation | 2025
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	0
Other stock-based compensation | 2026
Share-based compensation
Future share-based compensation expense expected	$ 0

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Stock Option Activity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Stock Option Activity - Number of Shares
Outstanding at beginning of the period (in shares) | shares	844,045
Exercised (in shares) | shares	(110,617)
Forfeited or cancelled (in shares) | shares	(3,424)
Outstanding at end of the period (in shares) | shares	730,004
Weighted-average exercise price per share
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 15.31
Exercised (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	9.35
Forfeited or cancelled (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	2.39
Outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 16.28
Weighted average remaining contractual term	2 years 2 months 12 days
Exercised | $	$ 4,338
Outstanding at the end of the period | $	$ 15,411
Exercisable at the end of the period (in shares) | shares	699,260
Exercisable at the end of the period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 16.96
Exercisable at the end of the period	1 year 10 months 24 days
Exercisable at the end of the period | $	$ 14,289

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Summary of Options (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Stock options outstanding and exercisable by exercise price range
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	730,004
Options outstanding - Weighted-average remaining contractual life	2 years 2 months 12 days
Options outstanding - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 16.28
Options exercisable (in shares) | shares	699,260
Options exercisable - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 16.96
Range of exercise price per share from $0 to $9.99
Stock options outstanding and exercisable by exercise price range
Exercise price per share, low end of range (in dollars per share)	0
Exercise price per share, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 9.99
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	81,495
Options outstanding - Weighted-average remaining contractual life	5 years 7 months 6 days
Options outstanding - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.99
Options exercisable (in shares) | shares	50,751
Options exercisable - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 1.06
Range of exercise price per share from $10.00 to $19.99
Stock options outstanding and exercisable by exercise price range
Exercise price per share, low end of range (in dollars per share)	10.00
Exercise price per share, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 19.99
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	346,807
Options outstanding - Weighted-average remaining contractual life	1 year 8 months 12 days
Options outstanding - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.50
Options exercisable (in shares) | shares	346,807
Options exercisable - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.50
Range of exercise price per share from $20.00 to $24.99
Stock options outstanding and exercisable by exercise price range
Exercise price per share, low end of range (in dollars per share)	20.00
Exercise price per share, high end of range (in dollars per share)	$ 24.99
Options outstanding (in shares) | shares	301,702
Options outstanding - Weighted-average remaining contractual life	1 year 9 months 18 days
Options outstanding - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 21.31
Options exercisable (in shares) | shares	301,702
Options exercisable - Weighted-average exercise price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 21.31

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Unvested Restricted Stock Awards (Details) - Restricted Stock - Diablo.AI, Inc.	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Non-vested restricted stock unit activity
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in shares) | shares	0
Diablo replacement restricted stock award (in shares) | shares	40,600
Vested (in shares) | shares	(15,834)
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares) | shares	24,766
Non-vested restricted stock units, Weighted average fair value per share at grant date
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0
Diablo replacement restricted stock award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	47.29
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	47.29
Outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 47.29
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	2 years 2 months 1 day

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Time-Vesting Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Restricted stock units - Time Based Vesting - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Non-vested restricted stock unit activity
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in shares)	2,692,243
Granted (in shares)	3,191,809	2,228,445	1,697,506
Vested (in shares)	(642,656)
Forfeited or cancelled (in shares)	(1,064,714)
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares)	4,176,682	2,692,243
Non-vested restricted stock units, Weighted average fair value per share at grant date
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 45.96
Granted (in dollars per share)	47.22
Vested (in dollars per share)	44.15
Forfeited or cancelled (in dollars per share)	46.75
Outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 47.00	$ 45.96
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	2 years 10 months 6 days	2 years 9 months 3 days

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Non-vested Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit Activity (Details) - Restricted stock units - Performance stock - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Non-vested restricted stock unit activity
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in shares)	631,869
Granted (in shares)	249,152	246,524	202,818
Vested (in shares)	(136,445)
Forfeited or cancelled (in shares)	(160,108)
Outstanding at the end of the period (in shares)	584,468	631,869
Non-vested restricted stock units, Weighted average fair value per share at grant date
Outstanding at the beginning of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 49.74
Granted (in dollars per share)	50.54
Vested (in dollars per share)	45.54
Forfeited or cancelled (in dollars per share)	48.98
Outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 51.26	$ 49.74
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	1 year 3 days	1 year 6 months 14 days

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INCOME TAX: Allocated Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Continuing operations	$ (1,242)	$ (30,532)	$ (40,276)
Discontinued operations	0	0	207
Total	$ (1,242)	$ (30,532)	$ (40,069)

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INCOME TAX: Income Tax Expense (Benefit) Attributable to Earnings (Loss) From Continuing Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Current:
U.S. Federal	$ (1,227)	$ (28,060)	$ (33,715)
Non-U.S.	305	17	146
State	1,220	(1,071)	171
Total current income tax expense (benefit)	298	(29,114)	(33,398)
Deferred:
U.S. Federal	(895)	(1,205)	(5,103)
Non-U.S.	(608)	(44)	(1,006)
State	(37)	(169)	(769)
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(1,540)	(1,418)	(6,878)
Total	$ (1,242)	$ (30,532)	$ (40,276)

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INCOME TAX: Earnings (Loss) Before Income Tax Attributable to U.S. and non-U.S. Continuing Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
U.S.	$ (37,415)	$ (122,257)	$ (160,457)
Non-U.S.	2,340	1,457	(5,080)
Loss before income taxes	$ (35,075)	$ (120,800)	$ (165,537)

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INCOME TAX: Reconciliation of Expected Income Tax Expense (Benefit) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Computed expected income tax benefit	$ (7,366)	$ (25,368)	$ (34,763)
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	691	(979)	(473)
Research and other tax credits	(3,107)	(4,635)	(1,517)
Nondeductible expenses	673	1,104	838
Stock-based compensation	5,576	(2,024)	5,025
Non-U.S. subsidiaries taxed at other rates	(364)	194	230
Adjustment to valuation allowances	2,520	2,230	(2,245)
Net operating loss carryback taxed at other rates	0	0	(7,360)
Other, net	135	(1,054)	(11)
Total	$ (1,242)	$ (30,532)	$ (40,276)

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INCOME TAX: Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2019
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	$ 37,399	$ 35,332
Gross unrecognized tax benefits	23,817	25,026	$ 23,400	$ 19,600
Gross unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate	20,100
Accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions on tax returns	4,300
Increase in accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions on tax returns	800
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	900
Federal tax authority
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Credit carryforwards that will not expire	16,800
Tax credit carryforward, amount	3,000
State and Local Jurisdiction
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Operating loss carryforwards	125,500
Tax credit carryforward, amount	7,000
Foreign Tax Authority
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards	99,600
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	22,700
Tax Year 2021
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Income tax examination, refund adjustment from settlement with taxing authority			$ 28,000
Tax Year 2020
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Income tax examination, refund adjustment from settlement with taxing authority		$ 32,000
Indefinite Tax Year
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards	90,400
Indefinite Tax Year | State and Local Jurisdiction
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Tax credit carryforward, amount	$ 6,300

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INCOME TAX: Reconciliation of Deferred Tax Assets/Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses	$ 5,682	$ 3,501
Lease liabilities	14,090	3,324
Net operating loss carryforwards	25,737	35,945
Stock-based compensation	8,022	2,991
Nonqualified deferred compensation	3,119	2,802
Property and equipment	496	0
Tax credit carryforwards	7,588	10,241
Other	1,351	444
Total deferred tax assets	66,085	59,248
Less valuation allowance	(37,399)	(35,332)
Net deferred tax assets	28,686	23,916
Deferred tax liabilities:
Prepaid expenses	(2,296)	(6,734)
Property and equipment	0	(248)
Right-of-use assets	(13,691)	(3,016)
Intangible assets	(4,218)	(8,409)
Deferred commissions	(7,562)	(5,391)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(27,767)	(23,798)
Net deferred tax assets	$ 919	$ 118

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INCOME TAX - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Excluding Amounts Pertaining to Examined Tax Returns [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 25,026	$ 23,400	$ 19,600
Increases related to prior year tax positions	411	0	2,458
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	0	(139)	(1,048)
Increases related to current year tax positions	990	1,765	2,433
Increases related to current year tax positions	(2,610)	0	(43)
Balance at end of period	$ 23,817	$ 25,026	$ 23,400

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RETIREMENT PLANS: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2019	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Employer matching contribution, percent of match	100.00%
Employer matching contribution, percent of employees' gross pay	6.00%
Defined contribution plan cost		$ 10,100	$ 9,400	$ 7,900
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan		15,528	15,838
Supplemental Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan		15,500	15,800
Liabilities of non-qualified retirement plan		$ 15,500	$ 15,800

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FOREIGN OPERATIONS: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 528,657	$ 443,026	$ 380,572
Long-lived assets	517,902	462,606
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	495,765	415,976	354,437
Long-lived assets	509,014	456,662
Group Of Foreign Countries
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	32,892	27,050	26,135
Long-lived assets	8,888	5,944
Europe
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	26,373	22,515	20,789
Long-lived assets	4,174	1,084
Asia-Pacific ("APAC")
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenues	6,519	4,535	$ 5,346
Long-lived assets	$ 4,714	$ 4,860

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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	$ 15,528	$ 15,838
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528	15,838
Total assets	15,528	15,838
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement | Level 1
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	15,528	15,838
Total assets	15,528	15,838
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement | Level 2
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Fair value measurements on recurring basis | Estimate of Fair Value Measurement | Level 3
Fair value of assets and liabilities
Assets of non-qualified retirement plan	0	0
Total assets	$ 0	$ 0

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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS: Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Strategic investments without readily determinable fair values	$ 5,700,000	$ 5,700,000
Asset impairment charges	$ 0	$ 0