NOTE 7: INCOME TAXES

Provision for income taxes for the years ended May 31 consists of the following:

Years ended May 31,	2021		2020
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	-	$	-
Foreign Taxes Subsidiaries		(12,257)		(6,590)
State and local		(800)		(800)
Total current		(13,057)		(7,390)
Deferred:
U.S. Federal		-		-
State and local		-		-
Total deferred		-		-
Income tax expense	$	(13,057)	$	(7,390)

Provision for income taxes differs from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate applicable for each year (21% for 2021 and 2020) to pretax income as a result of the following:

Years ended May 31,	2021		2020
Computed "expected" tax benefit	$	1,560,971	$	560,656
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:
Change in valuation allowance		(2,292,366)		(1,152,000)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit		217,559		83,202
Research and development tax credits		456,388		131,461
Permanent tax differences and other		(88,051)		179,042
Stock based compensation benefit		144,699		196,839
Foreign taxes of subsidiaries		(12,257)		(6,590)
Income tax expense	$	(13,057)	$	(7,390)

The tax effect of significant temporary differences is presented below:

As of May 31,	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
Accounts receivable, principally due to allowance for doubtful accounts	$	200,000	$	17,000
Inventory valuation		387,000		16,000
Compensated absences		85,000		64,000
Net operating loss carryforwards		3,194,000		2,286,000
Tax credit carryforwards		1,055,000		599,000
Deferred rent expense/Capitalized leases		15,000		17,000
Stock Options		613,000		304,000
Losses of foreign subsidiaries & Other, net		370,000		304,000
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(15,000)		5,000
Total deferred tax assets		5,904,000		3,612,000
Less valuation allowance		(5,904,000)		(3,612,000)
Net deferred tax asset	$	-	$	-

The Company has provided a valuation allowance of approximately $5,904,000 and $3,612,000 as of May 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The net change in the valuation allowance for the years ended May 31, 2021 and 2020 was an increase of $2,292,000 and $1,152,000, respectively.

The Company increased the deferred tax asset and the valuation allowance by $437,000 as of May 31, 2020 based on the outstanding stock options as of May 31, 2020. This change had no impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as our deferred tax asset is fully offset by our valuation allowance.

At May 31, 2021, the Company has Federal income tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $12,957,000. At May 31, 2021, the Company has California state income tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $6,768,000. For tax reporting purposes, operating loss carryforwards are available to offset future taxable income; such carryforwards expire in varying amounts beginning in 2022 and 2037 for federal and state purposes, respectively. Federal net operating losses beginning in 2018 have no expiration date.

At May 31, 2021, the Company has Federal research and development tax credit carryforward of approximately $715,000. The Federal credits begin to expire in 2027. The Company also had similar credit carryforwards for state purposes of $341,000 at May 31, 2021, which don’t expire.

Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Sections 382 and 383, annual use of the Company's net operating loss ("NOL") and credit carryforwards may be limited by statute because of a cumulative change in ownership of more than 50%. Pursuant to Sections 382 and 383 of the IRC, the annual use of the Company's NOLs and credit carryforwards would be limited if there is a cumulative change of ownership (as that term is defined in Section 382(g) of the IRC of greater than 50% in a three-year period. Management has not performed an analysis to determine if the Company has had a cumulative change in ownership of greater than 50%.

For the year ended May 31, 2021, the Company did an analysis of its ASC 740 position and has not identified any uncertain tax positions as defined under ASC 740. Should such position be identified in the future and should the Company owe interest and penalties as a result of this, these would be recognized as interest expense and other expense, respectively, in the consolidated financial statements. The Company is no longer subject to any significant U.S. federal tax examinations by tax authorities for years before fiscal year 2017.