EX-1.1 2 a2037249zex-1_1.txt EXHIBIT 1.1 Exhibit 1.1 [Form of Underwriting Agreement] _________ Shares of Common Stock ZYGO CORPORATION UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT February __, 2001 BEAR, STEARNS & CO. INC. on behalf of, BEAR, STEARNS & CO. INC. LEHMAN BROTHERS INC. ING BARINGS LLC C.E. UNTERBERG, TOWBIN as Representatives of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I attached hereto c/o Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. 245 Park Avenue New York, New York 10167 Ladies and Gentlemen: Zygo Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of Delaware (the "Company"), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell to the several underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the "Underwriters") an aggregate of _______________ shares (the "Company Firm Shares") of its common stock, par value $0.10 per share (the "Common Stock"), and the stockholders listed on Schedule II hereto (the "Selling Stockholders"), propose, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to sell to the Underwriters _______ shares of Common Stock (the "Selling Stockholders Firm Shares" and, collectively, with the Company Firm Shares, the "Firm Shares"). The Company proposes to sell, for the sole purpose of covering over-allotments in connection with the sale of the Firm Shares, at the option of the Underwriters, up to an additional_______________ shares (the "Additional Shares") of Common Stock. The Firm Shares and any Additional Shares purchased by the Underwriters are referred to herein as the "Shares." The Shares are more fully described in the Registration Statement referred to below. 1. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Underwriters that: (a) The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-53214), and amendments thereto, and related Preliminary Prospectuses for the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), of Shares, which registration statement, as so amended, has been declared effective by the Commission and copies of which have heretofore been delivered to the Underwriters. The registration statement, as amended at the time it became effective, including the exhibits and information (if any) deemed to be part of the registration statement at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A or 434(d) under the Securities Act, is hereinafter referred to as the "Registration Statement." If the Company has filed or is required pursuant to the terms hereof to file a registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Act registering additional shares of Common Stock (a "Rule 462(b) Registration Statement"), then, unless otherwise specified, any reference herein to the term "Registration Statement" shall be deemed to include such Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. Other than a Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, which became effective upon filing, no other document with respect to the Registration Statement has heretofore been filed with the Commission. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of either the Registration Statement or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened by the Commission. The Company, if required by the rules and regulations of the Commission (the "Rules and Regulations"), proposes to file the Prospectus with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations. The Prospectus, in the form in which it is to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations, or, if the Prospectus is not to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), the Prospectus in the form included as part of the Registration Statement at the time the Registration Statement became effective, is hereinafter referred to as the "Prospectus," except that if any revised prospectus or prospectus supplement shall be provided to the Underwriters by the Company for use in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares (the "Offering") which differs from the Prospectus (whether or not such revised prospectus or prospectus supplement is required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations), the term "Prospectus" shall refer to such revised prospectus or prospectus supplement, as the case may be, from and after the time it is first provided to the Underwriters for such use. Any Preliminary Prospectus or prospectus subject to completion included in the Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act is hereafter called a "Preliminary Prospectus." Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 which were filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") on or before the effective date of the Registration Statement, the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or the date of the Prospectus, as the case may be, and any reference herein to the terms "amend", "amendment" or "supplement" with respect to the Registration 2 Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include (i) the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the effective date of the Registration Statement, the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or the date of the Prospectus, as the case may be, which is incorporated therein by reference and (ii) any such document so filed. All references in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus, or any amendments or supplements to any of the foregoing, shall be deemed to include any copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System ("EDGAR"). (b) At the time of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the effectiveness of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, when the Prospectus is first filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) or Rule 434 of the Rules and Regulations, when any supplement to or amendment of the Prospectus is filed with the Commission, when any document filed under the Exchange Act is filed and at the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, if any (as hereinafter respectively defined), the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendments thereof and supplements thereto complied or will comply with the applicable provisions of the Act and the Rules and Regulations and the Exchange Act and the respective rules and regulations thereunder and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact and did not and will not omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein (i) in the case of the Registration Statement, not misleading and (ii) in the case of the Prospectus or any related Preliminary Prospectus in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. When any related Preliminary Prospectus was first filed with the Commission (whether filed as part of the registration statement for the registration of the Shares or any amendment thereto or pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the Rules and Regulations) and when any amendment thereof or supplement thereto was first filed with the Commission, such Preliminary Prospectus and any amendments thereof and supplements thereto complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Act and the Regulations and the Exchange Act and the respective rules and regulations thereunder and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact and did not omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. No representation and warranty is made in this subsection (b), however, with respect to any information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any related Preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through you specifically for use therein ("Underwriters' Information"). The parties acknowledge and agree that the Underwriters Information consists solely of the material included in paragraphs ___, ___ and ___ under the caption "Underwriting" in the Prospectus. (c) KPMG LLP, who have certified the financial statements and 3 supporting schedules of the Company included in the Registration Statement, is an independent public accountant as required by the Act and the Regulations. (d) Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there has been no material adverse change or any development involving a prospective material adverse change in the business, prospects, properties, operations, condition (financial or other) or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as hereinafter defined) taken as a whole, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, and since the date of the latest balance sheet presented in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has incurred or undertaken any liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, which are material to the Company and the Subsidiaries, except for liabilities or obligations which are reflected in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (e) No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission or by the state securities or Blue Sky authority of any jurisdiction. No order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been instituted or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission or by the state securities or Blue Sky authority of any jurisdiction. (f) The Company has timely filed all reports, contracts or documents required to be filed with the Commission under the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. (g) This Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein have been duly and validly authorized by the Company, and this Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company. (h) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries pursuant to any material agreement, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, instrument, franchise, license or permit to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of such entities or their respective properties or assets may be bound or (ii) violate or conflict with any provision of the certificate or articles of incorporation, by-laws or other organizational documents of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or regulation of any court or 4 any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets. No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, filing, qualification, license or permit of or with any court or any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, by the Registration Statement and by the Prospectus, including the issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares to be issued, sold and delivered by the Company hereunder, except the registration under the Act of the Shares and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, registrations, filings, qualifications, licenses and permits as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters. (i) The Company has the authorized capitalization set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and were not issued in violation of or subject to any preemptive or similar rights that entitle or will entitle any person to acquire any shares of Common Stock from the Company upon issuance thereof by the Company, except for such rights as may have been fully satisfied or waived prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement; the Shares to be delivered on the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, if any, (as hereinafter respectively defined) have been duly and validly authorized and, when delivered by the Company against payment therefor in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will not have been issued in violation of or subject to any preemptive or similar rights that entitle or will entitle any person to acquire any Shares from the Company upon issuance thereof by the Company; and all of the issued shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims; the Common Stock and the Shares conform to the descriptions thereof contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (j) The only subsidiaries (as defined in Rule 405 of the Regulations) of the Company are those listed on Exhibit 21 of the Company's Form 10-K405 for the Company's fiscal year ended June 30, 2000 (the "Subsidiaries"). The Company and each of the Subsidiaries has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character or location of its properties (owned, leased or licensed) or the nature or conduct of its business makes such qualification necessary, except for those failures to be so qualified or in good standing which in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on (i) the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, stockholders' equity, business, properties or 5 prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole or (ii) the Offering, or give rise to any liability or obligation on the part of the Underwriters or (iii) the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Company's performance of its obligations hereunder (a "Material Adverse Effect"). Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries has all requisite power and authority, and all necessary consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, registrations, qualifications, licenses and permits (collectively, the "Consents") of and from all public, regulatory or governmental agencies and bodies, to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business as now being conducted and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus except for any Consents the nonobtainment of which individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. No Consent contains any material restriction not adequately disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (k) Except as described in the Prospectus, there is no legal or governmental proceeding to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party to which any property of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is subject or which is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, contemplated against the Company or any of the Subsidiaries. (l) Neither the Company nor any officer, director or, to the Company's knowledge, affiliate of the Company has taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in, or which constitutes or which might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of the shares of Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares. (m) The financial statements, including the notes thereto, and supporting schedules, if any, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly the financial position of the Company on a consolidated basis as of the dates indicated and condition and results of operations for the periods specified; except as otherwise stated in the Registration Statement, said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis; and the supporting schedules included in the Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein. The financial information and data included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly the information included therein and have been prepared on a basis consistent with that of the financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and the books and records of the respective entities presented therein. Pro forma financial information included in the Prospectus has been prepared in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Act and the Regulations and includes all adjustments necessary to present fairly the pro forma financial position of the respective entity or entities presented therein at the respective dates indicated and the results of their operations for the respective periods specified. 6 (n) Except for the Subsidiaries or as otherwise set forth in the Prospectus, the Company owns no capital stock or other beneficial interest, directly or indirectly, in any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other business entity. (o) Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, no holder of securities of the Company has any rights to the registration of securities of the Company because of the filing of the Registration Statement or otherwise in connection with the sale of the Shares contemplated hereby, and any such rights so disclosed have been either fully complied with by the Company or effectively waived by the holders thereof. (p) The Company is not, and upon consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not be, subject to registration as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act of 1940. (q) The conditions for use of Form S-3, as set forth in the General Instructions thereto, have been satisfied. (r) The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, at the time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Exchange Act, and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectus, at the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto become effective and at the Closing Date, will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. (s) There are no contracts or other documents that are required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement or to the Company's Form 10-K405 for the Company's fiscal year ended June 30, 2000 that have not been so filed. (t) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries has complied with all laws, regulations and orders applicable to each of them or their respective businesses or assets except where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is in default under any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, voting trust agreement, loan agreement, bond, debenture, note agreement or other evidence of indebtedness, lease, contract or other agreement or instrument to which any of them is a party or by which any of them or their respective properties are bound except where such default would not have a Material Adverse Effect. (u) The Company and each of the Subsidiaries have accurately prepared and timely filed all federal, state and other tax returns that are required to be filed by it and has paid or made provision for the payment of all taxes, assessments, governmental or other similar charges, including without limitation, all sales and use taxes and all taxes 7 which the Company and each of the Subsidiaries is obligated to withhold from amounts owing to employees, creditors and third parties, with respect to the periods covered by such tax returns (whether or not such amounts are shown as due on any tax return). No deficiency assessment with respect to a proposed adjustment of the Company's or any of the Subsidiaries' Federal, state, or other taxes is pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened. There is no tax lien, whether imposed by any federal, state, or other taxing authority, outstanding against the assets, properties or business of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries. (v) The Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as are described in the Registration statement and the Prospectus or such as do not materially affect the value of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and the Subsidiaries. (w) The Shares are registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act and are listed for quotation on The Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market (the "Nasdaq National Market"), and the Company has taken no action designed to, or reasonably likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Shares under the Exchange Act or de-listing the Shares from the Nasdaq National Market, nor has the Company received any notification that the SEC or the Nasdaq National Market is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. (x) The Company owns, holds, licenses to or otherwise has rights to use, on reasonable terms, all patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, mask works, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the "Intellectual Property") reasonably necessary for the conduct of the Company's business as now conducted or as proposed in the Prospectus to be conducted. Except as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption "Business--Intellectual Property," (i) there are no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property; (ii) to the Company's knowledge, there is no infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (iii) there is no pending or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company's rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (iv) there is no pending or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (v) there is no pending or, to the Company's knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes or otherwise 8 violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and the Company is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; and (vi) there is no prior art of which the Company is aware that may render any U.S. patent held by the Company invalid or any U.S. patent application held by the Company unpatentable which has not been disclosed to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. (y) No "prohibited transaction" (as defined in Section 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"), or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (the "Code"), or "accumulated funding deficiency" (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA) or any of the events set forth in Section 4043(b) of ERISA (other than events with respect to which the 30-day notice requirement under Section 4043 of ERISA has been waived) has occurred with respect to any employee benefit plan which could have a Material Adverse Effect; each employee benefit plan is in compliance in all material respects with applicable law; including ERISA and the Code; the Company has not incurred and does not expect to incur liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of, or withdrawal from any "pension plan;" and each "pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which could cause the loss of such qualification. (z) There has been no storage, generation, transportation, handling, treatment, disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances by, due to, or caused by the Company (or, to the Company's knowledge, any other entity for whose acts or omissions the Company is or is reasonably likely to be liable) upon any other property now or previously owned or leased by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, or upon any other property, in violation of any statute or any ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any statute or any ordinance, rule (including rule of common law), regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any liability except where such violation in all such circumstances would not have and is not likely to have a Material Adverse Effect; there has been no disposal discharge, emission or other release of any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property of any toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries has knowledge. (aa) The statistical and market-related data included in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement are based on or derived from sources which the Company believes to be reliable and accurate. (bb) Except as contemplated by this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for a fee, commission or other 9 compensation on account of the engagement of a broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated herein. (cc) Except for normal disputes with employees in the ordinary course of business, no labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries exists or, to the Company's knowledge, is eminent, and the Company is not aware that any executive, key employee or group of employees of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries plans to terminate (except for Michael J. Auth) employment with the Company or any of the Subsidiaries. (dd) Each Operative Document (as hereinafter defined) has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Subsidiaries and, to the Company's knowledge, the other parties thereto, as applicable, and constitutes the valid and binding agreement of the Company and the Subsidiaries and, to the Company's knowledge, the other parties thereto enforceable against the Company and the Subsidiaries and, to the Company's knowledge, the other parties thereto in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and moratorium laws and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and to equitable principles. The execution, delivery and performance of the Operative Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby, in all cases by the Company or its Subsidiaries, as applicable, have not and will not result in a breach or violation of any term or provision of, or constitute a default under, (i) any law, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or the Subsidiaries, (ii) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of them is bound or to which any property of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is or, upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Operative Documents, will be subject or (iii) any order or decree of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties except in the cases of (i) through (iii) above, where such breach or violation would not have a Material Adverse Effect. No material consent, approval, authorization or order of, or filing with, any court or governmental agency or body or any other third party is required to be obtained or made by the Company or any of the Subsidiaries for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Operative Documents except for such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders or filings as had been obtained or made, except where the failure to do so would not have a Material Adverse Effect. "Operative Documents" shall mean the contracts or documents filed as exhibits to the Company's Form 10-K405 for the Company's fiscal year ended June 30, 2000, pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Act, as such Operative Documents may be amended or modified at or as of the effective time of the Registration Statement. 2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS. Each Selling Stockholder severally represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the Underwriters, with respect to such Selling Stockholder only, that: 10 (a) Such Selling Stockholder on the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, if any, will have good and marketable title to the Selling Stockholders Firm Shares and, if applicable, any Additional Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder and full right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney (each, a "Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney"), relating to the deposit of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder and appointing certain individuals as such Selling Stockholder's attorneys-in-fact (an "Attorney-in-Fact") and to sell, assign, transfer and deliver the Selling Stockholder Firm Shares and any such Additional Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder as set forth on Schedule II hereto, free and clear of all voting trust arrangements, pledges, liens, encumbrances, equities, security interests and claims; and upon the delivery and payment for such Shares hereunder, the several Underwriters will acquire good and marketable title to such Shares, free and clear of all voting trust arrangements, pledges, liens, encumbrances, equities, security interests and claims. (b) This Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney executed by such Selling Stockholder and the transactions contemplated herein and therein have been duly and validly authorized by each Selling Stockholder, and this Agreement and each Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney has been duly and validly executed and delivered by each Selling Stockholder. (c) The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (A) conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of such Selling Stockholder pursuant to any agreement, instrument, franchise, license or permit to which such Selling Stockholder is a party or by which any of his properties or assets may be bound or (B) violate or conflict with any provisions of any partnership agreement, trust agreement or other organizational documents, as the case may be, of such Selling Stockholder or any judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or regulation of any court or any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over such Selling Stockholder or any of his properties or assets. No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, filing, qualification, license or permit of or with any court or any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over such Selling Stockholder or any of his properties or assets is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney by such Selling Stockholder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except the registration under the Act of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder, filings under the Exchange Act resulting from the sale of the Selling Stockholder Firm Shares and the Additional Shares, if any, to be sold by such Selling Stockholder and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, registrations, filings, 11 qualifications, licenses and permits as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder by the Underwriters. (d) The Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney executed by such Selling Stockholder has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by or on behalf of such Selling Stockholder and is a valid and binding agreement of such Selling Stockholder, enforceable in accordance with its terms, and pursuant to such Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney (subject, as to enforcement, to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and moratorium laws and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and to equitable principles) such Selling Stockholder has, among other things, authorized the designated Attorneys-in-Fact to execute and deliver on such Selling Stockholder's behalf this Agreement and any other document that an Attorney-in-Fact may deem necessary or desirable in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and to deliver the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder pursuant to this Agreement. (e) Such Selling Stockholder has not taken nor will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause, result in, or which constitute or which might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of the shares of Common Stock to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares. (f) At the time of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the effectiveness of the post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, when the Prospectus is first filed with the Commission pursuant to the Rule 424(b) of the Regulations, when any supplement to or amendment of the Prospectus is filed with the Commission, when any document is filed under the Exchange Act and at the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, if any, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendments thereof and supplements thereto, insofar as they relate to such Selling Stockholder (in his capacity as Selling Stockholder), comply or will comply in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Act and the Regulations and the Exchange Act and the respective rules and regulations thereunder and do not or will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact and do not or will not omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein (i) in the case of the Registration Statement, not misleading and (ii) in the case of the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. When any related Preliminary Prospectus was first filed with the Commission (whether filed as part of the Registration Statement or pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the Regulations) and when any amendment thereof or supplement thereto was first filed with the Commission, insofar as such Preliminary Prospectus relates to such Selling Stockholder (in his capacity as a Selling Stockholder), such Preliminary Prospectus and any amendments thereof and supplements thereto complied in all material respects with the applicable provisions of the Act and the Regulations and the Exchange Act and the respective rules and regulations thereunder and did not contain an untrue statement of a 12 material fact and did not omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. No representation and warranty is made in this subsection (f), however, with respect to any information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any related Preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through you as herein stated expressly for use in connection with the preparation thereof. (g) At any time during the period commencing on the first business day after the date of this Agreement and from time to time thereafter for such period as in the reasonable opinion of Underwriters' Counsel (as defined below) a prospectus is required by law to be delivered in connection with sales by an Underwriter or dealer, if there is any change in the information referred to in Section 2(f) above, such Selling Stockholder will promptly notify you and the Company of such change. (h) Such Selling Stockholder agrees with the Company and the Underwriters, except as provided in this Agreement, not to sell, offer or agree to sell, grant any option for the sale of, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Common Stock for a period of 180 days after this Agreement becomes effective without your prior written consent. (i) In order to document the Underwriters' compliance with the reporting and withholding provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, with respect to the transactions herein contemplated, such Selling Stockholder agrees to deliver to you prior to or on the Closing Date and Additional Closing Date, if applicable, a properly completed and executed United States Treasury Department Form W-9 (or other applicable form or statement specified by Treasury Department regulations in lieu thereof). 3. PURCHASE, SALE AND DELIVERY OF THE SHARES. (a) On the basis of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company and each Selling Stockholder, severally and not jointly, agree to sell to the Underwriters and the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agree to purchase from the Company and the Selling Stockholders, at a purchase price per share of $_______, the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the respective names of the Underwriters in Schedule I hereto plus any additional number of Shares which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof. (b) Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, the Shares shall be made at the office of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by you and 13 the Company, at 10:00 A.M., New York City time on the third or fourth business day (as permitted under Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act) (unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10 hereof) following the date of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (or, if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 430A of the Regulations, the third or fourth business day (as permitted under Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act) after the determination of the public offering price of the Shares), or such other time not later than ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by you and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called the "Closing Date"). Payment shall be made to the Company and the Selling Stockholders c/o the Company by wire transfer in same day funds, against delivery to you or through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company for the respective accounts of the Underwriters of certificates for the Shares to be purchased by them. Certificates for the Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as you may request in writing at least two full business days prior to the Closing Date. You will be permitted to examine and package such certificates for delivery at least one full business day prior to the Closing Date. (c) In addition, the Company hereby grants to the Underwriters the option to purchase up to ______ Additional Shares at the same purchase price per share to be paid by the Underwriters to the Company and the Selling Stockholders for the Firm Shares as set forth in this Section 3, for the sole purpose of covering over-allotments in the sale of Firm Shares by the Underwriters. This option may be exercised from time to time and at any time, in whole or in part, on or before the thirtieth day following the date of the Prospectus, by written notice by you to the Company and the Selling Stockholder. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Additional Shares as to which the option is being exercised and the date and time, as reasonably determined by you, when the Additional Shares are to be delivered (such date and time being herein sometimes referred to as the "Additional Closing Date"); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Additional Closing Date shall not be earlier than the Closing Date or earlier than the second full business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised nor later than the eighth full business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised (unless such time and date are postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10 hereof). Certificates for the Additional Shares shall be registered in such name or names and in such authorized denominations as you may request in writing at least two full business days prior to the Additional Closing Date. The Company will permit you to examine and package such certificates for delivery at least one full business day prior to the Additional Closing Date. The number of Additional Shares to be sold to each Underwriter shall be the number which bears the same ratio to the aggregate number of Additional Shares being purchased as the number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto (or such number increased as set forth in Section 10 hereof) bears to ___________ [the total number of Firm Shares being purchased from the Company and each Selling Stockholder], subject, however, to such adjustments to 14 eliminate any fractional shares as you in your sole discretion shall make. Payment for the Additional Shares shall be made to the Company by wire transfer in same day funds at the offices of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York, 10166, or such other location as may be mutually acceptable to you and the Company, upon delivery of the certificates for the Additional Shares to you for the respective accounts of the Underwriters. 4. OFFERING. Upon your authorization of the release of the Firm Shares, the Underwriters propose to offer the Shares for sale to the public upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. 5. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. The Company covenants and agrees with the Underwriters that: (a) If the Registration Statement has not yet been declared effective the Company will use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto to become effective as promptly as possible, and if Rule 430A is used or the filing of the Prospectus is otherwise required under Rule 424(b), the Company will file the Prospectus (properly completed if Rule 430A has been used) pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the prescribed time period and will provide evidence satisfactory to you of such timely filing. The Company will notify you immediately (and, if requested by you, will confirm such notice in writing) (i) when the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto become effective, (ii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment of or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or for any additional information, (iii) of the mailing or the delivery to the Commission for filing of any amendment of or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto or of the initiation, or the threatening, of any proceedings therefor, (v) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, and (vi) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose. If the Commission shall propose or enter a stop order at any time, the Company will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any such stop order and, if issued, to obtain the lifting of such order as soon as possible. The Company will not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment of or supplement to the Prospectus (including the prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)) that differs from the prospectus on file at the time of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement before or after the effective date of the Registration Statement or, so long as the prospectus delivery requirements are applicable, file any document under the Exchange Act if such document would be deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Prospectus to which you shall 15 reasonably object in writing after being reasonably timely furnished in advance a copy thereof. (b) If at any time when a prospectus relating to the Shares is required to be delivered under the Act or the Exchange Act in connection with sales of Shares, any event shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would, in the judgment of the Underwriters or the Company, include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if it shall be necessary at any time to amend or supplement the Prospectus or Registration Statement to comply with the Act or the Regulations, or to file under the Exchange Act so as to comply therewith any document incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, the Company will notify you promptly and prepare and file with the Commission an appropriate amendment or supplement (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to you) which will correct such statement or omission or which will effect such compliance and will use its best efforts to have any amendment to the Registration Statement declared effective as soon as possible. (c) The Company will promptly deliver to each of the Underwriters and Underwriter's Counsel a signed copy of the Registration Statement, including exhibits and all documents incorporated by reference therein and all amendments thereto, and the Company will promptly deliver to each of the Underwriters such number of copies of any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, the Registration Statement, all amendments of and supplements to such documents, if any, all documents incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, without exhibits, as you may reasonably request. Prior to 10:00 A.M., New York time, on the business day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and from time to time thereafter the Company will furnish each Underwriter without charge with copies of the Prospectus in New York City in such quantities as you may reasonably request. (d) The Company will endeavor in good faith, in cooperation with you, at or prior to the time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the securities laws relating to the offering or sale of the Shares in such jurisdictions as you may designate and to maintain such qualification in effect for so long as required for the distribution thereof; except that in no event shall the Company be obligated in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or take any action that would subject it to general service of process in any jurisdiction where it is not presently qualified or where it would be subject to taxation as a foreign corporation. (e) The Company will make generally available (within the meaning of Section 11(a) of the Act) to its security holders and to you as soon as practicable, but not later than eighteen months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act), an earnings statement of the Company and the 16 Subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. (f) During the period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus, the Company will not, directly or indirectly, without your prior written consent, issue, sell, offer or agree to sell, grant any option for the sale of, pledge, make any short sale or maintain any short position, establish or maintain a "put equivalent position" (within the meaning of Rule 16-a-1(h) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), enter into any swap, derivative transaction or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock (whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock, other securities, cash or other consideration) or otherwise dispose of, any Common Stock (or any securities convertible into, exercisable for or exchangeable for Common Stock) or interest therein of the Company or of any of the Subsidiaries, and the Company will obtain the undertaking of each of its executive officers and directors and such of its shareholders as have been heretofore designated by you and listed on Schedule II attached hereto not to engage in any of the aforementioned transactions on their own behalf, other than the Company's or a Selling Stockholder's, as applicable, sale of Shares hereunder and the Company's issuance of Common Stock upon (i) the conversion or exchange of outstanding convertible or exchangeable securities; (ii) the exercise of presently outstanding options; (iii) the exercise of currently outstanding warrants; and (iv) the grant and exercise of options under, or the issuance and sale of shares pursuant to, employee stock option plans or employee stock purchase plans in effect on the date hereof. (g) During the period of three years from the effective date of Registration Statement, the Company will furnish to you copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to security holders, and to deliver to you (i) as soon as they are available, copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Company listed, in all such instances, to the extent not publicly available through the Internet or similar methods; and (ii) such additional information concerning the business and financial condition of the Company as you may from time to time reasonably request (such financial statements to be on a consolidated basis to the extent the accounts of the Company and the Subsidiaries are consolidated in reports furnished to its security holders generally or to the Commission). (h) The Company will apply the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as set forth under the caption "Use of Proceeds" in the Prospectus. (i) The Company will use its best efforts to list for quotation the Shares on The Nasdaq National Market. (j) The Company, during the period when the Prospectus is required to be 17 delivered under the Act or the Exchange Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15 of the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. 6. PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. Whether or not the transactions contemplated in this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Company hereby agrees to pay all costs and expenses incident to the performance of the obligations of the Company hereunder, including the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company's counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Shares under the Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers; (ii) the cost of producing any Agreement Among Underwriters, this Agreement, the Blue Sky Memoranda closing documents (including any compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Shares; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under state securities laws as provided in Section 5(d) hereof, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky survey; (iv) all fees and expenses in connection with listing the Shares on The Nasdaq National Market; (v) all travel expenses of the Company's officers and employees and any other expense of the Company incurred in connection with attending or hosting meetings with prospective purchasers of the Shares; and (vi) the filing fees incident to, and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with, securing any required review by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. of the terms of the sale of the Shares. The Company also will pay or cause to be paid: (i) the cost of preparing stock certificates; (ii) the cost and charges of any transfer agent or registrar; and (iii) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section 5. It is understood, however, that except as provided in this Section, and Sections 8 and 12 hereof, the Underwriters will pay all of their own costs and expenses, including the fees of their counsel, stock transfer taxes on resale of any of the Shares by them, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make. 7. CONDITIONS OF UNDERWRITERS' OBLIGATIONS. The obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and pay for the Firm Shares and the Additional Shares, as provided herein, shall be subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company and the Selling Stockholders herein contained, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date (for purposes of this Section 7 "Closing Date" shall refer to the Closing Date for the Firm Shares and any Additional Closing Date, if different, for the Additional Shares), to the absence from any certificates, opinions, written statements or letters furnished to you or to Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP ("Underwriters' Counsel") pursuant to this Section 7 of any misstatement or omission, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, and to the following additional conditions: 18 (a) The Registration Statement (including any 462(b) Registration Statement) shall have become effective not later than, if pricing pursuant to Rule 430A: 5:30 P.M., New York time, on the date of this Agreement or at such later time and date as shall have been consented to in writing by you; if the Company shall have elected to rely upon Rule 430A of the Regulations, the Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission in a timely fashion in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof; and, at or prior to the Closing Date no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereof shall have been issued and no proceedings therefor shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission. (b) At the Closing Date, you shall have received the favorable written opinion of Fulbright & Jaworski L.L.P., counsel for the Company, dated the Closing Date addressed to the Underwriters and in form and substance satisfactory to Underwriters' Counsel, to the effect that: (i) Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries has been duly incorporated (or organized, as applicable) and is validly existing as an entity in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation (or organization as applicable). Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified and in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which the character or location of its properties (owned, leased or licensed) or the nature or conduct of its business makes such qualification necessary. All of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each Subsidiary of the Company has been duly and validly issued and is fully paid and non-assessable and was not issued in violation of preemptive rights and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company, free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, claim, security interest, restriction on transfer, stockholders' agreement, voting trust or other defect of title whatsoever. (ii) The Company has the authorized capitalization set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus under the caption heading "Capitalization" and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and were not issued in violation of or subject to any preemptive or, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, rights that entitle or will entitle any person to acquire any shares of common stock from the Company upon issuance thereof by the Company, except for such rights as may have been fully satisfied or waived prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement; the Shares to be delivered on the Closing Date and the Additional Closing Date, if any, (as hereinafter respectively defined) have been duly and validly authorized and, when paid for and delivered by the Company in accordance with this Agreement, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and will not have been issued in violation of or subject to any preemptive or, to the best of such counsel's 19 knowledge rights, that entitle or will entitle any person to acquire any Shares from the Company upon issuance thereof by the Company; and all of the issued shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims; the Common Stock and the Shares conform to the descriptions thereof contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (iii) The Common Stock currently outstanding is listed, and the Shares to be sold under this Agreement to the Underwriters are duly authorized for quotation on the Nasdaq National Market. (iv) This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (v) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, there is no legal or governmental or other action, suit, proceeding or investigation before any court or before or by any public, regulatory or governmental agency or body pending or to the best of such counsel's knowledge, threatened against, or involving the properties or business of, the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, which is of a character required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus which has not been disclosed therein. (vi) The execution, delivery, and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company do not and will not (A) conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries pursuant to, any agreement, instrument, franchise, license or permit specified in an exhibit to such opinion or (B) violate or conflict with any provision of (x) the certificate or articles of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries, or, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, any judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or regulation of any court or any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets or (y) the terms and provisions of any of the Operative Documents. No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, filing, qualification, license or permit of or with any court or any public, governmental or regulatory agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets is required for the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, except for (1) such as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and 20 distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters (as to which such counsel need express no opinion) and (2) such as have been made or obtained under the Act and (3) such as are required by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (vii) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendments thereof or supplements thereto (other than the financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein, as to which no opinion need be rendered) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Rules and Regulations. The documents filed under the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto (other than the financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein, as to which no opinion need be rendered) when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, complied as to form in all material respects with the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder; and such counsel has no reason to believe that any of such documents, when such documents became effective or were so filed, as they case may be, contained, in the case of a registration statement which became effective under the Act, an untrue statement of a material fact, or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or, in the case of other documents which were filed under the Exchange Act with the Commission, an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such documents were so filed, not misleading. (viii) The statements under the captions "Prospectus Summary", "Risk Factors", "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations", "Business", "Management", "Transactions with Related Parties", "Description of Capital Stock" and "Underwriting" in the Prospectus and Items 14 and 15 of Part II of the Registration Statement, insofar as such statements constitute a summary of the legal matters, documents or proceedings referred to therein, fairly present the information called for with respect to such legal matters, documents and proceedings, except for purposes of this opinion matters relating to intellectual property. (ix) The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Shares and the application of the proceeds thereof as described in the Prospectus, will not be, an "investment company" as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. (x) The Company has full right, power and authority to execute 21 and deliver this Agreement, to deliver the Shares and to perform its obligations hereunder, and all corporate action required to be taken for the due and proper authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement, the deliver of the Shares and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and as described in the Prospectus have been duly and validly taken. (xi) To the best knowledge of the Company, no contract or agreement is required to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement that is not so filed. (xii) To the best of such counsel's knowledge after due inquiry, neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is in violation of its respective charter or by-laws and neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is in default in the performance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, lease or other agreement or instrument that filed as an exhibit to any of the Company's filings with the Commission, taken as a whole, to which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or their respective property is bound. (xiii) The Registration Statement is effective under the Act, and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge after due inquiry, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereof has been issued and no proceedings therefor have been initiated or threatened by the Commission and all filings required by Rule 424(b) of the Regulations have been made. In addition, such opinion shall also contain a statement that such counsel has participated in conferences with officers and representatives of the Company, representatives of the independent public accountants for the Company and the Underwriters at which the contents and the Prospectus and related matters were discussed and, no facts have come to the attention of such counsel which would lead such counsel to believe that either the Registration Statement, at the time it became effective (including the information deemed to be part of the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness pursuant to Rule 430A(b) or Rule 434, if applicable), or any amendment thereof made prior to the Closing Date, as of the date of such amendment, contained or incorporated by reference any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that the Prospectus (including the documents incorporated by reference therein), as of its date (or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto made prior to the Closing Date as of the date of such amendment or supplement) and as of the Closing Date, contained or contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (it 22 being understood that such counsel need express no belief or opinion with respect to the financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein). In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely (A) as to matters involving the application of laws other than the laws of the United States and jurisdictions in which they are admitted, to the extent such counsel deems proper and to the extent specified in such opinion, if at all, upon an opinion or opinions (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Underwriters' Counsel) of other counsel reasonably acceptable to Underwriters' Counsel, familiar with the applicable laws; (B) as to matters involving incorporations in other jurisdictions, on a reading of the applicable statutes without any review of judicial or administrative interpretations thereof and (C) as to matters of fact, to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and certificates or other written statements of officers of departments of various jurisdictions having custody of documents respecting the corporate existence or good standing of the Company and the Subsidiaries, provided that copies of any such statements or certificates shall be delivered to Underwriters' Counsel. In addition, as to matters relating to existence, good standing (or the equivalent thereof) or authority of any of the Subsidiaries, such counsel's review shall be limited to the following: (w) the minute books of each such Subsidiary; (x) the stock transfer ledgers of each such Subsidiary; (y) good standing (or the equivalent thereof) certificates of each such Subsidiary; and (z) the actual knowledge of such counsel. The opinion of such counsel for the Company shall state that the opinion of any such other counsel is in form satisfactory to such counsel and, in their opinion, you and they are justified in relying thereon. (c) At the Closing Date, you shall have received the favorable written opinion of Fish & Richardson P.C., intellectual property counsel for the Company, dated the Closing Date addressed to the Underwriters and in form and substance satisfactory to Underwriters' Counsel, to the effect that: The Company owns, holds, licenses to or otherwise has rights to use, all of the Intellectual Property reasonably necessary for the conduct of the Company's business as now conducted or as proposed in the Prospectus to be conducted. Except as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption "Business--Intellectual Property": (A) there are no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property; (B) to the knowledge of such counsel, there is no infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (C) there is no pending or, to such counsel's knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company's rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and counsel is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (D) there is no pending or, to the knowledge of such counsel, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual Property, and counsel is unaware of any 23 facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (E) there is no pending or, to such counsel's knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company infringes or otherwise violates any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others, and such counsel is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; and (F) there is no prior art of which such counsel is aware that may render any U.S. patent held by the Company invalid or any U.S. patent application held by the Company unpatentable which has not been disclosed to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely (A) as to matters involving the application of laws other than the laws of the United States and jurisdictions in which they are admitted, to the extent such counsel deems proper and to the extent specified in such opinion, if at all, upon an opinion or opinions (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Underwriters' Counsel) of other counsel reasonably acceptable to Underwriters' Counsel, familiar with the applicable laws; (B) as to matters involving incorporations in other jurisdictions, on a reading of the applicable statutes without any review of judicial or administrative interpretations thereof; and (C) as to matters of fact, to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and certificates or other written statements of officers of departments of various jurisdictions having custody of documents respecting the corporate existence or good standing of the Company and the Subsidiaries, provided that copies of any such statements or certificates shall be delivered to Underwriters' Counsel. The opinion of such counsel for the Company shall state that the opinion of any such other counsel is in form satisfactory to such counsel and, in their opinion, you and they are justified in relying thereon. (d) At the Closing Date, you shall have received the opinion of counsel to the Selling Stockholders addressed to the Underwriters and in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters' Counsel, to the effect: (i) The Underwriting Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by or on behalf of each Selling Stockholder. (ii) Each Selling Stockholder has, to the knowledge of such counsel after due inquiry, good and valid title to all of the Shares which may be sold by such Selling Stockholder under the Underwriting Agreement and has, to the knowledge of such counsel after due inquiry, the legal right and power, and, to the knowledge of such counsel after due inquiry, all authorizations and approvals required to enter into the Underwriting Agreement and its Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, to sell, transfer and deliver all of the Shares which may be sold by such Selling Stockholder under the Underwriting Agreement and to comply with its other obligations under the Underwriting Agreement, its Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney. 24 (iii) The Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney of each Selling Stockholder has been duly executed and delivered by such Selling Stockholder and is a valid and binding agreement of such Selling Stockholder, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and moratorium laws and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and to equitable principles. (iv) Assuming that the Underwriters purchase the Shares which are sold by each Selling Stockholder pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement for value, in good faith and without notice of any adverse claims, the delivery of such Shares pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement will pass good and valid title to such Shares, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lieu encumbrance or other claim. (v) To the best of such counsel's knowledge, no consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or registration or filing with, any court or governmental authority or agency, is required for the consummation by any Selling Stockholder of the transactions contemplated in the Underwriting Agreement, except as required under the Securities Act, applicable state securities or blue sky laws, and from the NASD. In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely (A) as to matters involving the application of laws other than the laws of the United States and jurisdictions in which they are admitted, to the extent such counsel deems proper and to the extent specified in such opinion, if at all, upon an opinion or opinions (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Underwriters' Counsel) of other counsel reasonably acceptable to Underwriters' Counsel, familiar with the applicable laws; (B) as to matters of fact, to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of the Selling Stockholders or responsible officers of the Selling Stockholders and certificates or other written statements of officers of departments of various jurisdictions having custody of documents respecting the corporate existence or good standing of the Selling Stockholders, provided that copies of any such statements or certificates shall be delivered to Underwriters' Counsel. The opinion of such counsel shall state that the opinion of any such other counsel is in form satisfactory to such counsel and, in their opinion, you and they are justified in relying thereon. (e) All proceedings taken in connection with the sale of the Firm Shares and the Additional Shares as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to you and to Underwriters' Counsel, and the Underwriters shall have received from said Underwriters' Counsel a favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing Date with respect to the issuance and sale of the Shares, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and such other related matters as you may reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to Underwriters' Counsel such documents as they 25 reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters. (f) At the Closing Date, you shall have received a certificate of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that (i) the condition set forth in subsection (a) of this Section 7 has been satisfied, (ii) as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 1 hereof are accurate, (iii) as of the Closing Date the obligations of the Company to be performed hereunder on or prior thereto have been duly performed and (iv) subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and the Subsidiaries have not sustained any material loss or interference with their respective businesses or properties from fire, flood, hurricane, accident or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or any legal or governmental proceeding, and there has not been any material adverse change, or any development involving a material adverse change, in the business, properties, operations, condition (financial or other) or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except in each case as described in or contemplated by the Prospectus. (g) At the time this Agreement is executed and at the Closing Date, you shall have received a letter, from KPMG LLP, independent public accountants for the Company, dated, respectively, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date addressed to the Underwriters and in form and substance satisfactory to you, to the effect that: (i) they are independent certified public accountants with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Act and the Regulations and stating that the answer to Item 10 of the Registration Statement is correct insofar as it relates to them; (ii) stating that, in their opinion, the financial statements and schedules of the Company incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and covered by their opinion therein comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the Exchange Act and the applicable published rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder; (iii) on the basis of procedures referred to in such letter, including, without limitation, a reading of the Company's unaudited consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2000, the Company's unaudited statement of income for the six months ended December 31, 2000 and the Company's consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended December 31, 2000 and a reading of the minutes of meetings and consents of the stockholders and boards of directors of the Company and the Subsidiaries and the committees of such boards subsequent to June 30, 2000, inquiries of officers and other employees of the Company and the Subsidiaries who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters of the Company and the Subsidiaries with respect to transactions and events subsequent to June 30, 2000, and other specified procedures and inquiries to a date not more than five days prior to the date of such letter, nothing has come to their attention that would cause them to believe that: (A) with respect to the period subsequent to June 30, 2000 there were, as of the date of the most recent available monthly consolidated financial statements of the Company and the Subsidiaries and as of a specified date not more than five days prior to the date of 26 such letter, any changes in the capital stock or long-term indebtedness of the Company or any decrease in the net current assets or stockholders' equity of the Company, in each case as compared with the amounts shown in the most recent balance sheet presented in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except for changes or decreases which the Registration Statement and the Prospectus disclose have occurred or may occur or which are set forth in such letter; (B) with respect to the period subsequent to December 31, 2000 there were, as of the date of the most recent available monthly consolidated financial statements of the Company and the Subsidiaries and as of a specified date not more than five days prior to the date of such letter, any changes in the capital stock or long-term indebtedness of the Company or any decrease in the net current assets or stockholders' equity of the Company, in each case as compared with the amounts shown in the most recent balance sheet presented in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except for changes or decreases which the Registration Statement and the Prospectus disclose have occurred or may occur or which are set forth in such letter; or (C) that during the period from December 31, 2000 to the date of the most recent available monthly consolidated financial statements of the Company and the Subsidiaries, if any, and to a specified date not more than five days prior to the date of such letter, there was any decrease, as compared with the corresponding period in the prior fiscal year, in total revenues, or total or per share net income, except for decreases which the Registration Statement and the Prospectus disclose have occurred or may occur or which are set forth in such letter; (iv) stating that nothing caused them to believe that the unaudited proforma financial information of the Company included in the Registration Statement does not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of Rule 11-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Act or that the proforma adjustments have not been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of such statements; and (v) stating that they have compared specific dollar amounts, numbers of shares, percentages of revenues and earnings, and other financial information pertaining to the Company and the Subsidiaries set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, which have been specified by you prior to the date of this Agreement, to the extent that such amounts, numbers, percentages, and information may be derived from the general accounting and financial records of the Company and the Subsidiaries or from schedules furnished by the Company, and excluding any questions requiring an interpretation by legal counsel, with the results obtained from the application of specified readings, inquiries, and other appropriate procedures specified by you set forth in such letter, and found them to be in agreement. (h) Prior to the Closing Date the Company shall have furnished to you such further information, certificates and documents as you may reasonably request. (i) You shall have received from (i) each person who is a director or executive officer of the Company or such stockholders as have been heretofore designated by you and listed on Schedule II hereto an agreement to the effect that for a period 27 of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus and (ii) each Selling Stockholder and each related party listed on Schedule III hereto an agreement to the effect that for a period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus such persons will not, directly or indirectly, without your prior written consent, offer, sell, offer or agree to sell, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose (or announce any offer, sale, grant of an option to purchase or other disposition) of any shares of Common Stock (or any securities convertible into, exercisable for or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock). (j) At the Closing Date, the Shares shall have been approved for quotation on the Nasdaq National Market upon notice of issuance. (k) On or prior to the Closing Date, you shall have received a properly completed and executed United States Treasury Department Form W-9 (or other applicable form or statement specified by Treasury Department regulations in lieu thereof) from each Selling Stockholder. (l) You shall have also received from KPMG LLP, a letter stating that the Company's system of internal accounting controls taken as a whole is sufficient to meet the broad objectives of internal accounting control insofar as those objectives pertain to the prevention or detection of errors or irregularities in amounts that would be material in relation to the financial statements of the Company and the Subsidiaries. (m) Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement or, if earlier, the dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement (exclusive of any amendment thereof) and the Prospectus (exclusive of any supplement thereto), there shall not have been any change in the capital stock or long-term debt of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries or any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the condition (financial or otherwise), results of operations, business, properties or prospects of the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole, the effect of which, in any such case described above, is, in the judgment of the Underwriters, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus (exclusive of any supplement). If any of the conditions specified in this Section 7 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement, or if any of the certificates, opinions, written statements or letters furnished to you or to Underwriters' Counsel pursuant to this Section 7 shall not be in all material respects reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to you and to Underwriters' Counsel, all obligations of the Underwriters hereunder may be cancelled by you at, or at any time prior to, the Closing Date and the obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Additional Shares may be cancelled by you at, or at any time prior to, the Additional Closing Date. Notice of such cancellation shall be given to the Company in writing, or by telephone, electronic mail or facsimile, confirmed in writing. 8. INDEMNIFICATION. 28 (a) The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act against any and all losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses whatsoever as incurred (including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees and any and all expenses whatsoever incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, and any and all amounts paid in settlement of any claim or litigation), joint or several, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement for the registration of the Shares, as originally filed or any amendment thereof, or any related Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or in any supplement thereto or amendment thereof, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to any Underwriter or any controlling person of any Underwriter to the extent but only to the extent that any such loss, liability, claim, damage or expense arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through you expressly for use therein. The foregoing indemnity agreement with respect to any Preliminary Prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter who failed to deliver a Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented, provided by the Company to the several Underwriters in the requisite quantity and on a timely basis to permit proper delivery on or prior to the Closing Date) to the person asserting any losses, claims, damages and liabilities and judgments caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such material misstatement or omission or alleged material misstatement or omission was cured, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a decision not subject to further appeal, in such Prospectus and such Prospectus was required by law to be delivered at or prior to the written confirmation of sale to such person. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have including under this Agreement. (b) Each Selling Stockholder agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act against any and all losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses as incurred (including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees and any and all expenses incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim, and any and all amounts paid in settlement of any claim or litigation), severally, to which they or any of 29 them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact relating to such Selling Stockholder contained in the Registration Statement for the registration of the Shares relating to such Selling Stockholder, as originally filed or any amendment thereof, or any related Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or in any supplement thereto or amendment thereof, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact relating to such Selling Stockholder required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each such case to the extent but only to the extent that, with respect to any Selling Stockholder, any such loss, liability, claim, damage or expense arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Selling Stockholder expressly for use therein. The foregoing indemnity agreement with respect to any preliminary prospectus shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter who failed to deliver a Prospectus (as then amended or supplemented, provided by the Company to the several Underwriters in the requisite quantity and on a timely basis to permit proper delivery on or prior to the Closing Date) to the person asserting any losses, claims, damages and liabilities and judgments caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any preliminary prospectus, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if such material misstatement or omission or alleged material misstatement or omission was cured, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a decision not subject to further appeal, in such Prospectus and such Prospectus was required by law to be delivered at or prior to the written confirmation of sale to such person. This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which such Selling Stockholder may otherwise have including under this Agreement. (c) Each Underwriter severally, and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of the directors of the Company, each of the officers of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement, and each other person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, against any losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses as incurred (including but not limited to reasonable attorneys' fees and any and all expenses incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, commenced or threatened, or any claim, and any and all amounts paid in settlement of any claim or litigation), jointly or severally, to which they or any of them may become subject under the Act, the Exchange Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement for the registration of the Shares, as originally filed or any amendment thereof, or any related Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission 30 or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that any such loss, liability, claim, damage or expense arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through you expressly for use therein; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in no case shall any Underwriter be liable or responsible for any amount in excess of the underwriting discount applicable to the Shares purchased by such Underwriter hereunder. This indemnity will be in addition to any liability which any Underwriter may otherwise have including under this Agreement. The Company acknowledges that the statements set forth in the [two paragraphs immediately following the table on the cover page] and in the first table and the first and third paragraphs following such table under the caption "Underwriting" in the Prospectus constitute the only information furnished in writing by or on behalf of any Underwriter expressly for use in the Registration Statement relating to the Shares as originally filed or in any amendment thereof, any related Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, as the case may be. (d) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a), (b) or (c) above of notice of any claims or the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify each party against whom indemnification is to be sought in writing of the claim or the commencement thereof (but the failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have under this Section 8 unless such failure adversely affects the ability to defend). An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action and to the extent it may elect by written notice delivered to the indemnified party promptly after receiving the aforesaid notice from such indemnified party, to assume the defense thereof with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the indemnified party or parties shall have the right to employ its or their own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party or parties unless (i) the employment of such counsel shall have been authorized in writing by one of the indemnifying parties in connection with the defense of such action, (ii) the indemnifying parties shall not have employed counsel to have charge of the defense of such action within a reasonable time after notice of commencement of the action (iii) the indemnified party does not diligently defend after assumption of the defense or (iv) such indemnified party or parties shall have reasonably concluded that there may be defenses available to it or them which are different from or additional to those available to one or all of the indemnifying parties (in which case the indemnifying parties shall not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events such fees and expenses shall be borne by the indemnifying parties. In no event shall the indemnifying party be liable for more than one counsel for each 31 indemnified party. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action in respect of which the indemnified party is or reasonably could have been a party and indemnity or contribution may be or could have been sought hereunder by the indemnified party, unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability on claims that are or reasonably could have been the subject matter of such action and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of the indemnified party. 9. CONTRIBUTION. In order to provide for contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification provided for in Section 8 hereof is for any reason held to be unavailable from any indemnifying party or is insufficient to hold harmless a party indemnified thereunder, the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters shall contribute to the aggregate losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses of the nature contemplated by such indemnification provision (including any investigation, legal and other expenses incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claims asserted, but after deducting in the case of losses, claims, damages, liabilities and expenses suffered by the Company and each Selling Stockholder any contribution received by the Company and/or the Selling Stockholder from persons, other than the Underwriters, who may also be liable for contribution, including persons who control the Company and/or the Selling Stockholder within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company) as incurred to which the Company, each Selling Stockholder and one or more of the Underwriters may be subject, in such proportions as are appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and each Selling Stockholder on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Shares or, if such allocation is not permitted by applicable law or indemnification is not available as a result of the indemnifying party not having received notice as provided in Section 8 hereof, in such proportions as are appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to above but also the relative fault of the Company and each Selling Stockholder on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and the Selling Stockholder on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as (a) the total proceeds from the offering (net of underwriting discounts and commissions but before deducting expenses) received by the Company and the Selling Stockholder bear to (b) the underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, respectively, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault of each of the Company, any Selling Stockholder and the Underwriters shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether 32 the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, the Selling Stockholders or the Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 9 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9, (i) in no case shall any Underwriter be liable or responsible for any amount in excess of the underwriting discount applicable to the Shares purchased by such Underwriter hereunder, and (ii) no person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9 and the preceding sentence, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. For purposes of this Section 9, each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act, each officer of the Company who shall have signed the Registration Statement and each director of the Company shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company and any Selling Stockholder, as applicable, subject in each case to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 9. Any party entitled to contribution will, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action, suit or proceeding against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made against another party or parties, notify each party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify such party or parties shall not relieve the party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any obligation it or they may have under this Section 9 or otherwise unless the failure to so notify has an adverse impact on the party to be so notified. No party shall be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its consent; provided however that such consent was not unreasonably withheld. The obligations of the Underwriters to contribute pursuant to this Section 8 are several in proportion to the respective number of Shares purchased by each of the Underwriters hereunder and not joint. 10. DEFAULT BY AN UNDERWRITER. (a) If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or their obligation to purchase Firm Shares or Additional Shares hereunder, and if the Firm Shares or Additional Shares with respect to which such default relates do not (after giving 33 effect to arrangements, if any, made by you pursuant to subsection (b) below) exceed in the aggregate 10% of the number of Firm Shares or Additional Shares, the Firm Shares or Additional Shares to which the default relates shall be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters in proportion to the respective proportions which the numbers of Firm Shares set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule I hereto bear to the aggregate number of Firm Shares set forth opposite the names of the non-defaulting Underwriters. (b) In the event that such default relates to more than 10% of the Firm Shares or Additional Shares, as the case may be, you may in your discretion arrange for yourself or for another party or parties (including any non-defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters who so agree) to purchase such Firm Shares or Additional Shares, as the case may be, to which such default relates on the terms contained herein. In the event that within five calendar days after such a default you do not arrange for the purchase of the Firm Shares or Additional Shares, as the case may be, to which such default relates as provided in this Section 10, this Agreement or, in the case of a default with respect to the Additional Shares, the obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and of the Company and the Selling Stockholder to sell the Additional Shares shall thereupon terminate, without liability on the part of the Company or the Selling Stockholder with respect thereto (except in each case as provided in Sections 6, 8(a) and 9 hereof with respect to the Company and in Sections 8(b) and 9 hereof with respect to the Selling Stockholder) or the Underwriters, but nothing in this Agreement shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters of its or their liability, if any, to the other Underwriters and the Company and the Selling Stockholders for damages occasioned by its or their default hereunder. (c) In the event that the Firm Shares or Additional Shares to which the default relates are to be purchased by the non-defaulting Underwriters, or are to be purchased by another party or parties as aforesaid, you or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Date or Additional Closing Date, as the case may be for a period, not exceeding five business days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or in any other documents and arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which, in the opinion of Underwriters' Counsel, may thereby be made necessary or advisable. The term "Underwriter" as used in this Agreement shall include any party substituted under this Section 10 with like effect as if it had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Firm Shares and Additional Shares. 11. SURVIVAL OF REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS. All representations and warranties, covenants and agreements of the Underwriters, the Company and the Selling Stockholders contained in this Agreement, including the agreements contained in Section 6, the indemnity agreements contained in Section 8 and the contribution agreements contained in Section 9, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any controlling person thereof or by or on behalf of the Company or the Selling Stockholders, any of their 34 respective officers and directors or any controlling persons thereof, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Shares to and by the Underwriters. The representations contained in Section 1 and the agreements contained in Sections 6, 8, 9 and 12(d) hereof shall survive the termination of this Agreement, including termination pursuant to Section 10 or 12 hereof. 12. EFFECTIVE DATE OF AGREEMENT; TERMINATION. (a) This Agreement shall become effective, upon the later of when (i) you and the Company shall have received notification of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or (ii) the execution of this Agreement. If either the public offering price or the purchase price per Share has not been agreed upon prior to 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the fifth full business day after the Registration Statement shall have become effective, this Agreement shall thereupon terminate without liability to the Company, the Selling Stockholders or the Underwriters except as herein expressly provided. Until this Agreement becomes effective as aforesaid, it may be terminated by the Company by notifying you or by you notifying the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Section 12 and of Sections 1, 6, 8, 9 and 11 hereof shall at all times be in full force and effect. (b) You shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at any time prior to the Closing Date or the obligations of the Underwriters to purchase the Additional Shares at any time prior to the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, if (i) any domestic or international event or act or occurrence has materially disrupted, or in your opinion will in the immediate future materially disrupt, the market for the Company's securities or securities in general; (ii) if trading on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq National Market shall have been suspended, or minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required, on the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq National Market or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority having jurisdiction; (iii) if a banking moratorium has been declared by a state or federal authority or if any new restriction materially adversely affecting the distribution of the Firm Shares or the Additional Shares, as the case may be, shall have become effective; (iv) (A) if the United States becomes engaged in hostilities or there is an escalation of hostilities involving the United States or there is a declaration of a national emergency or war by the United States or (B) if there shall have been such change in political, financial or economic conditions if the effect of any such event in (A) or (B) as in your judgment makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale and delivery of the Firm Shares or the Additional Shares, as the case may be, on the terms contemplated by the Prospectus. (c) Any notice of termination pursuant to this Section 12 shall be in writing. 35 (d) If this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to any of the provisions hereof (otherwise than pursuant to (i) notification by you as provided in Section 12(a) hereof or (ii) Section 10(b) or 12(b) hereof), or if the sale of the Shares provided for herein is not consummated because any condition to the obligations of the Underwriters set forth herein is not satisfied or because of any refusal, inability or failure on the part of the Company to perform any agreement herein or comply with any provision hereof, the Company will, subject to demand by you, reimburse the Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including the reasonable fees and expenses of their counsel), incurred by the Underwriters in connection herewith. 13. NOTICES. All communications hereunder, except as may be otherwise specifically provided herein, shall be in writing and , if sent to any Underwriter, shall be mailed, delivered, or facsimile and confirmed in writing, to such Underwriter c/o Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., 245 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10167, Attention: _______________, with a copy to Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Attention: Steven R. Finley, Esq.; if sent to the Company, shall be mailed, delivered, or faxed and confirmed in writing to the Company, Laurel Brook Road, Middlefield, CT 06455, Attention: J. Bruce Robinson, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President and its counsel at the addresses set forth in the Registration Statement, Attention: Sheldon G. Nussbaum, Esq.; and if sent to the Selling Stockholders shall be mailed, delivered or faxed and confirmed in writing to the Custodian c/o the Company, Laurel Brook Road, Middlefield, CT 06455, Attention: J. Bruce Robinson, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 7 shall be delivered or sent by mail or facsimile transmission to such Underwriter at its address set forth in its acceptance facsimile to you, which address will be supplied to any other party hereto by you upon request. Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect at the time of receipt thereof. 14. PARTIES. This Agreement shall insure solely to the benefit of, and shall be binding upon, the Underwriters, the Selling Stockholders and the Company and the controlling persons, directors, officers, employees and agents referred to in Sections 8 and 9 hereof, and their respective heirs, devisees, successors and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of or by virtue of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. The term "successors and assigns" shall not include a purchaser, in its capacity as such, of Shares from any of the Underwriters. 15. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, but without regard to principles of conflicts of law. 16. COUNTERPARTS; FACSIMILE SIGNATURES. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Facsimile 36 signatures shall be treated as originals. 17. HEADINGS. The headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement. 18. TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term "business day" shall mean any day when the Commission's office in Washington, D.C. is open for business. [signature page follows] 37 If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between you and the Company, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement among us. It is understood that your acceptance of this letter on behalf of each of the Underwriters is pursuant to the authority set forth in a form of Agreement among Underwriters, the form of which shall be submitted to the Company for examination, upon request, but without warranty on your part as to the authority of the signers thereof. Very truly yours, ZYGO CORPORATION By: ----------------------------------------- J. Bruce Robinson Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President ZYGO CORPORATION, as Custodian for Selling Stockholders By: By: ----------------------------------------- Name: Title: , as Attorney-in-Fact for the Selling Stockholders Accepted as of the date first above written BEAR, STEARNS & CO. INC. By: ------------------------- Name: Title: On behalf of themselves and the other 38 Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto. 39 SCHEDULE I NAME OF UNDERWRITER NUMBER OF FIRM SHARES TO BE PURCHASED Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ------------------------------------ Lehman Brothers Inc. ------------------------------------ ING Barings LLC ------------------------------------ C.E. Unterberg, Towbin ------------------------------------ Total: ------------------------------ I-1 SCHEDULE II NUMBER OF FIRM SHARES TO BE SOLD NAMES OF SELLING STOCKHOLDER TO THE UNDERWRITERS ----------------------------- -------------------------------- II-1 SCHEDULE III [NAMES OF STOCKHOLDERS SUBJECT TO THE LOCK-UP PROVISION] III-1 EXHIBIT A November __, 2000 BEAR, STEARNS & CO. INC. LEHMAN BROTHERS INC. ING BARINGS LLC C.E. UNTERBERG, TOWBIN as Representatives of the several Underwriters c/o Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. 245 Park Avenue New York, New York 10167 Attention: Equity Capital Markets ZYGO CORPORATION LOCK-UP AGREEMENT Ladies and Gentlemen: We refer to the proposed Underwriting Agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement"), between Zygo Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and you as representatives of the Underwriters named therein (the "Underwriters") relating to an underwritten public offering (the "Offering") of common stock, $.10 par value (the "Common Stock"), of the Company. In order to induce you and the other Underwriters to enter into the Underwriting Agreement, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., the undersigned will not, directly or indirectly, during the period from the date hereof until one hundred eighty (180) days from the date of the final prospectus for the Offering (the "Lock-Up Period"), (i) offer, sell, agree to offer or sell, solicit offers to purchase, grant any call option or purchase any put option with respect to, pledge, borrow or otherwise dispose of any Relevant Security, (ii) establish or increase a "put equivalent position" or liquidate or decrease a "call equivalent position" with respect to any Relevant Security (in each case within the meaning of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), or otherwise enter into any swap, derivative or other transaction or arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any Relevant Security, whether or not such transaction is to be settled by delivery of Relevant Securities, other securities, cash or other consideration. As used herein "Relevant Security" means the Common Stock, any other equity security of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries and any security convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any Common Stock or other such equity security. The undersigned hereby further agrees that, during the Lock-up Period, the undersigned (x) will not file or participate in the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of any registration statement, or circulate or participate in the circulation of any preliminary or final prospectus or other disclosure document with respect to any proposed offering or sale of a Relevant Security and (y) will not exercise any rights the undersigned may have to require registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission of any proposed offering or sale of a Relevant Security. 40 The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to enter into this letter agreement and that this letter agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the undersigned, enforceable in accordance with its terms. Upon request, the undersigned will execute any additional documents necessary in connection with enforcement hereof. Any obligations of the undersigned shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the undersigned from the date first above written. This letter agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. Delivery of a signed copy of this letter by telecopier or facsimile transmission shall be effective as delivery of the original hereof. Very truly yours, By: --------------------------- Print Name: -------------------