Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

3 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Receivables [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

9. Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses

We categorize our accounts receivable balances as trade receivables or financing receivables. Our trade receivables relate to student balances occurring in the normal course of business. Trade receivables have a term of less than one year and are included in accounts receivable, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs where the student is provided payment terms in excess of one year with their respective school and are included in accounts receivable, net and other assets, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The classification of our accounts receivable balances was as follows (in thousands):

	September 30, 2023
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	177,537	$	(32,361)	$	145,176
Financing receivables, current		4,811		(2,235)		2,576
Accounts receivable, current	$	182,348	$	(34,596)	$	147,752
Financing receivables, current	$	4,811	$	(2,235)	$	2,576
Financing receivables, noncurrent		36,625		(9,951)		26,674
Total financing receivables	$	41,436	$	(12,186)	$	29,250

	June 30, 2023
		Gross		Allowance		Net
Trade receivables, current	$	129,318	$	(29,190)	$	100,128
Financing receivables, current		4,757		(2,136)		2,621
Accounts receivable, current	$	134,075	$	(31,326)	$	102,749
Financing receivables, current	$	4,757	$	(2,136)	$	2,621
Financing receivables, noncurrent		36,368		(9,332)		27,036
Total financing receivables	$	41,125	$	(11,468)	$	29,657

Our financing receivables relate to credit extension programs available to students at Chamberlain, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM. These credit extension programs are designed to assist students who are unable to completely cover educational costs consisting of tuition, fees, and books, and are available only after all other student financial assistance has been applied toward those purposes. In addition, AUC, RUSM, and RUSVM allow students to finance their living expenses. Repayment plans for financing agreements are developed to address the financial circumstances of the particular student. Interest charges at rates from 3.0% to 12.0% per annum accrue each month on the unpaid balance once a student withdraws or graduates from a program. Most students are required to begin repaying their loans while they are still in school with a minimum payment level designed to demonstrate their capability to repay, which reduces the possibility of over borrowing. Payments may increase upon completing or departing school. After a student leaves school, the student typically will have a monthly installment repayment plan.

Credit Quality

The primary credit quality indicator for our financing receivables is delinquency. Balances are considered delinquent when contractual payments on the loan become past due. We write-off financing receivable balances after they have been sent to a third-party collector, the timing of which varies by the institution granting the loan, but in most cases is when the financing agreement is at least 181 days past due. Payments are applied first to outstanding interest and then to the unpaid principal balance.

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of September 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		Total
1-30 days past due	$	314	$	116	$	211	$	141	$	1,812	$	340	$	2,934
31-60 days past due		264		13		367		194		1,376		316		2,530
61-90 days past due		242		—		393		52		165		19		871
91-120 days past due		76		90		60		429		687		—		1,342
121-150 days past due		12		—		—		192		276		—		480
Greater than 150 days past due		3,242		593		1,654		1,778		594		—		7,861
Total past due		4,150		812		2,685		2,786		4,910		675		16,018
Current		6,551		776		4,802		2,563		8,333		2,393		25,418
Financing receivables, gross	$	10,701	$	1,588	$	7,487	$	5,349	$	13,243	$	3,068	$	41,436
Gross write-offs	$	276	$	199	$	156	$	54	$	51	$	—	$	736

The credit quality analysis of financing receivables as of June 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	Prior		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		Total
1-30 days past due	$	186	$	79	$	115	$	137	$	735	$	1,944	$	3,196
31-60 days past due		61		34		—		359		573		1,103		2,130
61-90 days past due		97		39		110		65		559		368		1,238
91-120 days past due		2		17		2		13		77		200		311
121-150 days past due		62		37		26		45		147		129		446
Greater than 150 days past due		2,641		734		708		2,071		1,457		381		7,992
Total past due		3,049		940		961		2,690		3,548		4,125		15,313
Current		6,199		1,112		820		5,350		2,608		9,723		25,812
Financing receivables, gross	$	9,248	$	2,052	$	1,781	$	8,040	$	6,156	$	13,848	$	41,125

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses represents an estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses inherent in our accounts receivable balances as of each balance sheet date. In evaluating the collectability of all our accounts receivable balances, we utilize historical events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future.

For our trade receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on an aging schedule and a student’s status to determine the allowance for credit losses. As these trade receivables are short-term in nature, management believes a student’s status provides the best credit loss estimate, while also factoring in delinquency. Students still attending classes, recently graduated, or current on payments are more likely to pay than those who are inactive due to being on a leave of absence, withdrawing from school, or not current on payments.

For our financing receivables, we primarily use historical loss rates based on an aging schedule. As these financing receivables are based on long-term financing agreements offered by Adtalem, management believes that delinquency provides the best credit loss estimate. As the financing receivable balances become further past due, it is less likely we will receive payment, causing our estimate of credit losses to increase.

The following tables provide a roll-forward of the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	29,190	$	11,468	$	40,658
Write-offs		(8,412)		(736)		(9,148)
Recoveries		2,621		190		2,811
Provision for credit losses		8,962		1,264		10,226
Ending balance	$	32,361	$	12,186	$	44,547

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Trade		Financing		Total
Beginning balance	$	30,897	$	14,891	$	45,788
Write-offs		(5,464)		(219)		(5,683)
Recoveries		2,408		2		2,410
Provision for credit losses		5,041		950		5,991
Ending balance	$	32,882	$	15,624	$	48,506