Revenue

9 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

5. Revenue

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers (students), in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

The following tables disaggregate revenue by source (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Chamberlain		Walden		Medical and Veterinary		Consolidated
Tuition and fees	$	149,737	$	132,874	$	83,359	$	365,970
Other		—		—		3,112		3,112
Total	$	149,737	$	132,874	$	86,471	$	369,082

	Nine Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Chamberlain		Walden		Medical and Veterinary		Consolidated
Tuition and fees	$	426,538	$	395,715	$	255,312	$	1,077,565
Other		—		—		8,620		8,620
Total	$	426,538	$	395,715	$	263,932	$	1,086,185

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Chamberlain		Walden		Medical and Veterinary		Consolidated
Tuition and fees	$	142,550	$	139,081	$	79,881	$	361,512
Other		—		—		2,769		2,769
Total	$	142,550	$	139,081	$	82,650	$	364,281

	Nine Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Chamberlain		Walden		Medical and Veterinary		Consolidated
Tuition and fees	$	417,310	$	348,325	$	247,502	$	1,013,137
Other		—		—		8,058		8,058
Total	$	417,310	$	348,325	$	255,560	$	1,021,195

In addition, see Note 20 “Segment Information” for a disaggregation of revenue by geographical region.

Performance Obligations and Revenue Recognition

Tuition and fees: The majority of revenue is derived from tuition and fees, which is recognized on a straight-line basis over the academic term as instruction is delivered.

Other: Other revenue consists of housing and other miscellaneous services. Other revenue is recognized over the period in which the applicable performance obligation is satisfied.

Arrangements for payment are agreed to prior to registration of the student’s first academic term. The majority of U.S. students obtain Title IV or other financial aid resulting in institutions receiving a significant amount of the transaction price at the beginning of the academic term. Students not utilizing Title IV or other financial aid funding may pay after the academic term is complete.

Transaction Price

Revenue, or transaction price, is measured as the amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for transferring goods or services.

Students may receive discounts, scholarships, or refunds, which gives rise to variable consideration. The amounts of discounts or scholarships are generally applied to individual student accounts when such amounts are awarded. Therefore, the transaction price is immediately reduced directly by these discounts or scholarships from the amount of the standard tuition rate charged. Scholarships and discounts that are only applied to future tuition charged are considered a separate performance obligation if they represent a material right in accordance with ASC 606. In those instances, we defer the value of the related performance obligation associated with the future scholarship or discount based on estimates of future redemption based on our historical experience of student persistence toward completion of study. The contract liability associated with these material rights are presented as deferred revenue within current liabilities and other liabilities within noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the amounts expected to be redeemed in the next 12 months. The contract liability amount associated with these material rights within current liabilities is $10.2 million, $8.2 million, and $7.5 million as of March 31, 2023, June 30, 2022, and March 31, 2022, respectively, and the amount within noncurrent liabilities is $9.0 million, $8.6 million, and $8.7 million as of March 31, 2023, June 30, 2022, and March 31, 2022, respectively. The noncurrent contract liability associated with these material rights is expected to be earned over approximately the next four fiscal years.

Upon withdrawal, a student may be eligible to receive a refund, or partial refund, the amount of which is dependent on the timing of the withdrawal during the academic term. If a student withdraws prior to completing an academic term, federal and state regulations and accreditation criteria permit Adtalem to retain only a set percentage of the total tuition received from such student, which varies with, but generally equals or exceeds, the percentage of the academic term completed by such student. Payment amounts received by Adtalem in excess of such set percentages of tuition are refunded to the student or the appropriate funding source. For contracts with similar characteristics and historical data on refunds, the expected value method is applied in determining the variable consideration related to refunds. Estimates of Adtalem’s expected refunds are determined at the outset of each academic term, based upon actual refunds in previous academic terms. Reserves related to refunds are presented as refund liabilities within accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. All refunds are netted against revenue during the applicable academic term.

Management reassesses collectability on a student-by-student basis throughout the period revenue is recognized. This reassessment is based upon new information and changes in facts and circumstances relevant to a student’s ability to pay. Management also reassesses collectability when a student withdraws from the institution and has unpaid tuition charges. Such unpaid charges do not meet the threshold of reasonably collectible and are recognized as revenue on a cash basis.

We believe it is probable that no significant reversal will occur in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Therefore, the estimate of variable consideration is not constrained.

Contract Balances

Students are billed at the beginning of each academic term and payment is due at that time. Adtalem’s performance obligation is to provide educational services in the form of instruction during the academic term and to provide for any scholarships or discounts that are deemed a material right under ASC 606. As instruction is provided or the deferred value of material rights are redeemed, deferred revenue is reduced. A significant portion of student payments are from Title IV financial aid and other programs and are generally received during the first month of the respective academic term. For students utilizing Adtalem’s credit extension programs (see Note 9 “Accounts Receivable and Credit Losses”), payments are generally received after the academic term, and the corresponding performance obligation, is complete. When payments are received, accounts receivable is reduced.

Deferred revenue within current liabilities is $175.5 million, $149.8 million, and $171.9 million as of March 31, 2023, June 30, 2022, and March 31, 2022, respectively, and deferred revenue within noncurrent liabilities is $9.0 million, $8.6 million, and $8.7 million as of March 31, 2023, June 30, 2022, and March 31, 2022, respectively. Revenue of $2.0 million and $147.6 million was recognized during the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal year 2023, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of fiscal year 2023. Revenue of $0.7 million and $71.0 million of revenue was recognized during the third quarter and first nine months of fiscal year 2022, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of fiscal year 2022. Revenue recognized from performance obligations that were satisfied or partially satisfied in prior periods was not material.

The difference between the opening and closing balances of deferred revenue includes decreases from revenue recognized during the period, increases from charges related to the start of academic terms beginning during the period, increases from payments received related to academic terms commencing after the end of the reporting period, and increases from recognizing additional performance liabilities for material rights. In addition, for fiscal year 2022, the difference between the opening and closing balances of deferred revenue included an increase from the Walden acquisition.