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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
6 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NOTE 2:  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 
 
Revenue Recognition
 
DeVry University tuition revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the applicable academic term. Ross University School of Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine (together “Ross University”) and American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine (“AUC”) basic science curriculum revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the academic term. The clinical portion of the Ross University and AUC education programs are conducted under the supervision of U.S. teaching hospitals and veterinary schools. Ross University and AUC are responsible for the billing and collection of tuition from its students during the period of clinical education. Revenues are recognized on a weekly basis based on actual program attendance during the period of the clinical program. Fees paid to the hospitals and veterinary schools for supervision of Ross University and AUC students are charged to expense on the same basis. Carrington, Chamberlain and DeVry Brasil tuition and fee revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the applicable academic term. The provision for refunds, which is reported as a reduction to Tuition Revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Income, and the provision for uncollectible accounts, which is included in the Cost of Educational Services in the Consolidated Statements of Income, also are recognized in the same ratable fashion as revenue to most appropriately match these costs with the tuition revenue in that term.
 
Estimates of DeVry Group’s expected refunds are determined at the outset of each academic term, based upon actual experience in previous terms, and monitored and adjusted as necessary within the term. If a student leaves school prior to completing a term, federal, state and/or Canadian provincial regulations and accreditation criteria permit DeVry Group to retain only a set percentage of the total tuition received from such student, which varies with, but generally equals or exceeds, the percentage of the term completed by such student. Payment amounts received by DeVry Group in excess of such set percentages of tuition are refunded to the student or the appropriate funding source. All refunds are netted against revenue during the applicable academic term. The allowance for uncollectible accounts is determined by analyzing the current aging of accounts receivable and historical loss rates on collections of accounts receivable. In addition, management considers projections of future receivable levels and collection loss rates. We monitor the inputs to this analysis periodically throughout the year. Provisions required to maintain the allowance at appropriate levels are charged to expense in each period as required. Related reserves with respect to uncollectible accounts and refunds totaled $44.4 million and $52.5 million at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively.
 
Sales of textbooks, electronic course materials, and other educational products, including training services and the Becker self-study products, are included in Other Educational Revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Textbook, electronic course materials and other educational product revenues are recognized when the sale occurs. Revenues from training services, which are generally short-term in duration, are recognized when the training service is provided.  In addition, fees from international licensees of the Becker programs are included in Other Educational Revenues and recognized when confirmation of course delivery is received.
 
Internal-Use Software Development Costs
 
DeVry Group capitalizes certain internal-use software development costs that are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the software, not to exceed  five years. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of equipment, materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software and payroll-related costs for employees directly associated with the internal-use software development project. Capitalization of such costs ceases at the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. Capitalized internal-use software development costs for projects not yet complete are included as construction in progress in the Land, Buildings and Equipment section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Costs capitalized during the three and six months ended December 31, 2013 were approximately $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Costs capitalized during the three and six months ended December 31, 2012, were approximately $0.3 million and $2.4 million, respectively. These costs were primarily related to new student information systems for DeVry University and Chamberlain College of Nursing and the Becker e-Commerce system.  As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the net balance of capitalized software development costs was $54.1 million and $69.3 million, respectively.
 
Perkins Program Fund
 
DeVry University is required under federal aid program regulations to make contributions to the Perkins Student Loan Fund, most recently at a rate equal to 33% of new contributions by the federal government. No new federal contributions were received during the three and six months ended December 31, 2013 or 2012. DeVry Group carries its investment in such contributions at original values, net of allowances for expected losses on loan collections, of $2.6 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The allowance for future loan losses is based upon an analysis of actual loan losses experienced since the inception of the program. As previous borrowers repay their Perkins loans, their payments are used to fund new loans, thus creating a revolving loan fund.  The federal contributions to this revolving loan program do not belong to DeVry Group and are not recorded in its financial statements. Under current law, upon termination of the program by the federal government or withdrawal from future program participation by DeVry University, subsequent student loan repayments would be divided between the federal government and DeVry University to satisfy their respective cumulative contributions to the fund.
 
Non-Controlling Interest
 
DeVry Group maintains a 96.3 percent ownership interest in DeVry Brasil with the remaining 3.7 percent owned by some of the current DeVry Brasil senior management group. Prior to the June 2013 purchase of additional DeVry Brasil stock, DeVry Group’s ownership percentage was 93.5 percent.  Beginning July 1, 2015, DeVry Group has the right to exercise a call option and purchase any remaining DeVry Brasil stock from DeVry Brasil management.  Likewise, DeVry Brasil management has the right to exercise a put option and sell its remaining ownership interest in DeVry Brasil to DeVry Group.  Since the put option is out of the control of DeVry Group, authoritative guidance requires the non-controlling interest, which includes the value of the put option, to be displayed outside of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheet.
 
The DeVry Brasil management put option is being accreted to its redemption value in accordance with the stock purchase agreement.  The adjustment to increase or decrease the put option to its expected redemption value each reporting period is recorded to retained earnings in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The adjustment to increase or decrease the DeVry Brasil non-controlling interest each reporting period for its proportionate share of DeVry Brasil’s profit/loss will continue to flow through the consolidated income statement based on DeVry Group’s historical non-controlling interest accounting policy. 
 
The following is a reconciliation of the non-controlling interest balance (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
Six Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
Balance at Beginning of period
 
$
5,890
 
$
8,637
 
$
854
 
$
8,242
 
Net Income Attributable to Non-controlling Interest
 
 
253
 
 
938
 
 
208
 
 
771
 
Accretion of Non-controlling Interest Put Option
 
 
(168)
 
 
(674)
 
 
4,913
 
 
(112)
 
Balance at End of period
 
$
5,975
 
$
8,901
 
$
5,975
 
$
8,901
 
 
Earnings per Common Share
 
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus unvested participating restricted share units. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to DeVry Education Group Inc. by the weighted average number of shares assuming dilution. Dilutive shares are computed using the Treasury Stock Method and reflect the additional shares that would be outstanding if dilutive stock options were exercised during the period. Excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share were options to purchase 2,298,000 and 2,158,000 shares of common stock for the three and six months ended December 31, 2013, respectively, and 3,000,000 and 2,743,000 shares of common stock for the three and six months ended December 31, 2012, respectively. These outstanding options were excluded because the option exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares or the assumed proceeds upon exercise under the Treasury Stock Method resulted in the repurchase of more shares than would be issued; thus, their effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
The following is a reconciliation of basic shares to diluted shares (amounts in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
Six Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
 
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding
 
 
63,282
 
 
63,456
 
 
63,170
 
 
63,851
 
Unvested Participating Restricted Shares
 
 
914
 
 
846
 
 
896
 
 
712
 
Basic Shares
 
 
64,196
 
 
64,302
 
 
64,066
 
 
64,563
 
Effect of Dilutive Stock Options
 
 
523
 
 
234
 
 
550
 
 
225
 
Diluted Shares
 
 
64,719
 
 
64,536
 
 
64,616
 
 
64,788
 
 
Treasury Stock
 
DeVry Group’s Board of Directors has authorized stock repurchase programs on eight occasions.  The eighth repurchase program was approved by the DeVry Group Board of Directors on August 29, 2012 and commenced in November 2012. Share repurchases under this plan were suspended as of May 2013. Shares that are repurchased by DeVry Group are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders’ Equity.
 
From time to time, shares of its common stock are delivered back to DeVry Group under a swap arrangement resulting from employees’ exercise of incentive stock options pursuant to the terms of the DeVry Group Stock Incentive Plans (see “Note 4 – Stock-Based Compensation”). These shares are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders’ Equity.
 
Treasury shares are reissued on a monthly basis at market value, to the DeVry Group Employee Stock Purchase Plan in exchange for employee payroll deductions.   When treasury shares are reissued, DeVry Group uses an average cost method to reduce the Treasury Stock balance.  Gains on the difference between the average cost and the reissuance price are credited to Additional Paid-in Capital. Losses on the difference are charged to Additional Paid-in Capital to the extent that previous net gains from reissuance are included therein; otherwise such losses are charged to Retained Earnings.
 
  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss is composed of the change in cumulative translation adjustment and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of the effects of income taxes. 
 
The Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss balance at December 31, 2013, consists of $25.6 million of cumulative translation losses ($24.7 million attributable to DeVry Education Group Inc. and $0.9 million attributable to non-controlling interests) and $0.1 million of unrealized gains on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.1 million and all attributable to DeVry Education Group Inc.  At December 31, 2012, this balance consisted of $6.5 million of cumulative translation losses ($5.7 million attributable to DeVry Education Group Inc. and $0.8 million attributable to non-controlling interests) and $0.2 million of unrealized losses on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.1 million and all attributable to DeVry Education Group Inc. 
 
Advertising Expense
 
Advertising costs are recognized as expense in the period in which materials are purchased or services are performed.  Advertising expense, which is included in student services and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income, was $67.8 million and $140.8 million for the three and six months ended December 31, 2013, respectively, and $60.9 million and $127.6 million for the three and six months ended December 31, 2012, respectively.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2013-11: “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists”. This guidance requires an unrecognized tax benefit related to a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss or a tax credit carryforward to be presented as a reduction to a deferred tax asset, unless the tax benefit is not available at the reporting date to settle any additional income taxes under the tax law of the applicable tax jurisdiction. The guidance is effective for the fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013 with early adoption permitted. Management is in the process of evaluating the effects of this guidance but does not believe it will have a significant impact on DeVry Group’s consolidated financial statements.
 
Reclassifications
 
  The previously reported amounts in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Advance Tuition Payments and Deferred Tuition Revenue have been combined as Deferred and Advance Tuition to conform to the current presentation format.