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NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Mar. 30, 2013
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]  
NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

1.NATURE OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Business

Supertex, Inc. (together with its wholly-owned subsidiary, Supertex Limited, herein referred to as “Supertex” or the “Company”) designs, develops, manufactures, and markets high voltage analog and mixed signal integrated circuits utilizing high voltage DMOS, HVCMOS and HVBiCMOS analog and mixed signal technologies.  The Company supplies standard and custom interface products primarily for use in the medical electronics, LED lighting, printers, devices using EL lamps, telecommunications, and industrial/other markets.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary.  All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Fiscal Period

The Company uses a 52-53 week fiscal year ending the Saturday nearest to March 31st.  Fiscal years 2013, 2012 and 2011 each comprised 52 weeks.  

Revision to previously issued financial statements

During fiscal year 2012, the Company identified that it had not been appropriately classifying the non-cash amortization of premiums paid on debt instruments within the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The Company incorrectly reflected the amortization as a cash inflow from investing activities rather than a reconciling item in arriving at net cash provided by operating activities. The Company determined to revise its Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows to correct this error. Accordingly, the Company revised the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the fiscal year ended April 2, 2011. The misclassifications did not impact the Consolidated Statement of Income. The revisions are not material to previously issued financial statements. The amounts of the revisions are shown in the table below (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Activities Impact

 

Investing Activities Impact

Fiscal Year Ended

 

 

As reported

 

 

Adjustment

 

 

As revised

 

 

As reported

 

 

Adjustment

 

 

As revised

April 2, 2011

 

$

14,450 

 

$

2,305 

 

$

16,755 

 

$

3,086 

 

$

(2,305)

 

$

781 

 

 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting period.  Significant estimates in these financial statements include revenue recognition, provision for sales returns and allowances, allowance for doubtful accounts, warranty reserves, estimates for useful lives associated with long lived assets, asset impairments, auction rate security (“ARS”) valuation, net realizable value of inventories, asset retirement obligations, certain accrued liabilities and provision for income taxes and tax valuation allowance.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Certain Risks and Uncertainties

The Company’s business is concentrated in the high voltage semiconductor component industry, which is rapidly changing, highly competitive and subject to competitive pricing pressures.  The Company's operating results may experience substantial period-to-period fluctuations due to these factors, including the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry, the changes in customer requirements, the timing of introduction of new products, the Company's ability to implement new capabilities or technologies, its ability to manufacture efficiently, its reliance on subcontractors and vendors, and general economic conditions. 

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Investments with an original or remaining maturity of 90 days or less, as of the date of purchase, are considered cash equivalents, and consist of money market funds, municipal bonds, corporate bonds, government agency bonds, certificates of deposite and commercial paper. The Company maintains cash balances at a variety of financial institutions and has not experienced any material losses relating to such balances. 

Short-term and long-term investments

The appropriate classification of investments in marketable securities is determined at the time of purchase based on management’s intended holding period and the realizability of the investment, and such designation is reevaluated at each balance sheet date. The Company also monitors its investments for impairment periodically and records appropriate reductions in carrying values when the declines are determined to be other-than-temporary. Investments categorized as trading consisted entirely of investments in mutual funds held by the Company’s Non-qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (“NQDCP”) and are included as short-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

 

The Company’s short-term and long-term investments as of March 30, 2013 are composed of municipal bonds, corporate bonds, ARS, government agency bonds, commercial papers and certificates of deposits.  Unrealized gains and losses are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of any related tax effect. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in interest income (expense). There were no realized losses and declines in value judged to be other than temporary recorded in fiscal years 2013, 2012 and 2011.  For the purpose of computing realized gains and losses, cost is identified on a specific identification basis. The ARS investments held by the Company as of March 30, 2013 have experienced failed auctions due to sales orders exceeding purchase orders, so the Company’s ARS investments are considered illiquid until there is a successful auction for them. As of March 30, 2013, the fair value of $13,800,000 ARS was presented in long-term investments. Due to the lack of availability of observable market quotes on the Company’s investment portfolio of ARS, the fair value was estimated based on a discounted cash flow model and included a discount factor for illiquidity of the ARS market. The assumptions used in the discounted cash flow model include estimates for interest rates, timing and amounts of cash flows, liquidity of the underlying security, expected holding periods and contractual terms of the security.

The Company reviews its impairments to determine the classification of the impairment as “temporary” or “other-than-temporary.” Declines in fair value that are considered other t han temporary are reported in the statement of income and those that are considered temporary are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity.

In evaluating the impairment of any individual ARS, the Company classified such impairment as temporary or other-than-temporary. The differentiating factors between temporary and other-than-temporary impairment are primarily the length of time and the extent to which the market value has been less than cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and the intent and ability of the Company to hold its ARS investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value.

Based on this assessment of fair value of ARS as of March 30, 2013, the unrealized loss of $1,250,000 was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax of $437,000.

The valuation of the Company’s investment portfolio is subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Factors that may impact the Company’s valuation include changes of credit ratings, as well as collateral values, default rate of underlying assets, counterparty risk and ongoing strength of the liquidity market (See Notes 2 and 3).

Accounts Receivable

An allowance for doubtful accounts is calculated based on a percentage based on historical experience applied to outstanding accounts receivable, specific doubtful account identification, and management judgment.  The Company writes off accounts receivable against the allowance when it determines a balance is uncollectible and no longer actively pursues collection of the receivable.

Concentration of credit risk and foreign operations

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, and accounts receivable.  The Company’s accounts receivable are derived from sales and earned from customers located in the U.S. and certain foreign countries and regions, including Europe, China, Japan, and the rest of Asia.  For the years ended March 30, 2013,  March 31, 2012 and April 2, 2011, sales to foreign customers based on destination locations were all denominated in U.S. dollars and accounted for 70%,  65% and 71%, of net sales, respectively. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and requires no collateral from its customers.

As of March 30, 2013, one customer accounted for 12% of gross accounts receivable, and as of March 31, 2012, two customers accounted for 12% and 11% of gross accounts receivable, respectively.  

Foreign Currency Risk

Because of the Company’s operations in Hong Kong, the Company may face exposure to an adverse change in the exchange rate of the Hong Kong dollar that is currently pegged to the U.S. dollar.  The Company believes that its exposure is relatively small, thus it does not employ hedging techniques designed to mitigate this foreign currency exposure. The Company could experience unanticipated currency gains or losses.  As the level of activity at this operation changes over time, actual currency gains or losses could have an adverse impact to the consolidated financial statements.

A small percentage of the Company’s assets are denominated in Hong Kong dollars, Chinese Renminbi and Japanese Yen to fund its subsidiary's and branch offices' daily cash requirements.  All other cash and investment accounts are denominated in United States dollars and domiciled in the United States with the exception of one investment account that is domiciled in Ireland.

The Company’s foreign sales are denominated in United States dollars.  Currency exchange fluctuations in countries where the Company does business could harm the business by resulting in pricing that is not competitive with prices denominated in local currencies.

Foreign Currency Remeasurement

The functional currency of the Company’s Hong Kong subsidiary is the U.S. dollar.  As such, gains and losses resulting from remeasurement from local currency to the U.S. dollar are included in other income (expense), net.  Such gains and losses have not been material for any period presented.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value.  The Company’s inventories include high technology parts and components that are specialized in nature and subject to rapid technological obsolescence.  While the Company has programs to minimize the required inventories on hand and considers technological obsolescence when estimating amounts required to reduce recorded amounts to net realizable values, it is possible that such estimates could change in the near term. 

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and generally depreciated using accelerated methods over estimated useful lives of five years or less.  Building and building improvements are recorded at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the building of thirty-nine years.  Leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the related lease term or the estimated useful life of the assets. 

Impairment of Long-lived assets

The Company routinely considers whether indicators of impairment of long-lived assets are present.  If such indicators are present, the Company determines whether the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets in question is less than their carrying value.  If less, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount of the assets over their respective fair values.  Fair value is determined using various approaches, including discounted future cash flows, independent appraisals or other relevant methods.  If the assets determined to be impaired are to be held and used, the Company recognizes an impairment charge to the extent the present value of anticipated net cash flows attributable to the asset are less than the asset's carrying value.  The fair value of the asset then becomes the asset's new carrying value, which the Company depreciates or amortizes over the remaining estimated useful life of the asset where appropriate. The Company may incur impairment losses in future periods if factors influencing its estimates change. Historically, the Company has not had an impairment charge on its tangible long-lived assets.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from direct product sales to end-user customers upon transfer of title and risk of loss, which is upon shipment of the product provided persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, no significant obligations remain and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. For sales to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), the Company uses either a binding purchase order or signed agreement as evidence of an arrangement.  Sales through distributors are evidenced by binding purchase orders on a transaction-by-transaction basis.  Sales to distributors are made primarily under arrangements allowing limited rights of return, limited price protection and limited right of stock rotation on merchandise unsold by the distributors.  Because of the uncertainty associated with pricing concessions and possible returns, with the exception of certain products, the Company defers the recognition of such sales and the related costs of sales until distributors have sold the merchandise to their end customers. The Company’s distributors provide an inventory balance report at the end of each period, which allows the Company to determine products sold to their end customers.

The Company also provides custom processing services for manufacture of integrated circuits, using customer-owned designs and mask tooling.  Under this “custom processing service” arrangement, a tangible product is sold, and the Company bears the risk of loss until title is passed.  Title to the product under the “custom processing service” arrangement is passed to the customer at the time of shipment. 

From time to time, deferred revenue results from up-front billings from customers under non-recurring engineering (“NRE”) contracts. The Company recognizes revenue from NRE contracts upon completion of contract milestones, which corresponds to when the Company provides the services and/or products.  Revenue is deferred for any amounts received prior to completion of engineering contract milestones, such as amounts received upon delivery of proto-type, if such a delivery is an agreed upon milestone. Some of the NRE contracts include formal customer acceptance provisions.  In this case at the end of each period, the Company determines whether customer acceptance has been obtained for the specific milestone.  If customer acceptance has not been obtained, the Company defers the recognition of such revenue until customer acceptance is obtained.

Sales Returns and Other Allowances

The Company records a provision for estimated sales returns and allowances on product sales in the same period as the related revenues are recorded.  The Company bases this provision on historical experience, analyses of outstanding Return Material Authorization and Allowance Authorization data and any other form of notification of pending returns.  The Company continuously monitors and tracks product returns and in circumstances where it is aware of a specific customer return or allowance which is over and above normal historical sales returns, the Company records a specific allowance against the amounts due, in order to reduce its net receivable from such customer.  While sales returns have historically been within the Company’s expectations and the provisions established, the Company cannot guarantee that it will continue to experience the same return rates that it has in the past.  Any significant increase in product failure rates and the resulting credit returns could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s operating results for the period or periods in which such returns occur.

Warranty Reserves

For sales through distributors, the Company’s policy is to replace under warranty defective products at its own expense for a period of 90 days from date of shipment. This period may be extended in certain cases. This liability is limited to replacement of the product and freight and delivery costs. In certain cases, the Company may pay for rework. This warranty does not apply to any of such products which have been repaired or altered, except by the Company, or which have been subjected to misuse, negligence, or accident. The Company does not extend the original warranty period of any product which has either been repaired or replaced by the Company. The Company reserves for estimated warranty costs in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. The estimate is based on historical experience.   

Research and Development Expense 
All research and development expenses that have no alternative future use are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of payroll and benefits of those employees engaged in research, new process development activities, new product design and development activities, costs related to design tools, license expenses related to intellectual property, supplies and services, depreciation and other occupancy costs.  The Company also expenses proto-type wafers and mask sets related to new products.

Net Income per Share

Basic net income is computed as net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period.  Diluted net income per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through stock options and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company applies the fair value recognition provisions of stock-based compensation, which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors, including stock options, based on the estimated fair value of those awards at their grant date. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options, which requires various subjective assumptions including expected term, expected volatility and risk-free interest rates. The Company records this fair value as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period during which the employee or director is to perform services in connection with the award (generally over the vesting period of the award). 

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. The Company makes certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for financial statement purposes. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, which arise from timing differences in the recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. Such deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax base, operating losses and tax credit carry-forwards. Changes in tax rates affect the deferred income tax assets and liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the tax rates are enacted.

Management must determine the probability that the Company will be able to utilize deferred tax assets. If it determines that recovery is unlikely, then a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset is recorded resulting in increased income tax expense. As of March 30, 2013, the Company believes that the deferred tax assets recorded on its balance sheet will be utilized.  However, should there be a change in the Company’s  ability to utilize or recover its deferred tax assets, an additional income tax expense would be incurred in the period in which it was determined that the recovery is not probable.

On February 20, 2009, California enacted tax-related economic incentives and tax increases which included an election to apply a single sales factor apportionment formula for most businesses starting in tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. As a result of the legislation during fiscal 2009, the Company revalued its California deferred tax assets expected to be realized.

The authoritative guidance on income taxes provides guidance on the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, and clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. This authoritative guidance also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures, and transition. This authoritative guidance requires significant judgment in determining what constitutes an individual tax position as well as assessing the outcome of each tax position. Changes in judgment as to recognition or measurement of tax positions can materially affect the estimate of the effective tax rate, and consequently affect operating results. The reserve amount associated with this authoritative guidance was determined with considerable judgment and estimation, and is continuously monitored by management based on the best information available including changes in tax regulations, the outcome of relevant court cases, ongoing tax audits, and other information.  

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising and promotional costs as they are incurred. Advertising expense was immaterial for fiscal 2013, 2012 and 2011

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value.  

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income includes all changes in equity during a period from non-owner sources. Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as presented on the accompanying balance sheets, consists of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax. The cost of a security sold or the amount of reclassified our of accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings is determined based on specific identification of the security.

Reclassifications

For presentation purposes, certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the reporting in the current period financial statements. These reclassifications do not affect the Company’s net income, as previously reported.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2013, Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued an amendment regarding net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements.  This amendment does not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in financial statements.  However, it requires an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income but only if the amount reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts.  This amendment is effective prospectively for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012 (the fiscal quarter ending June 29, 2013 for the Company).  The Company is currently assessing the potential effect to its consolidated financial statements in applying this guidance.

In June 2011, Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued new authoritative guidance regarding Presentation of Comprehensive Income.  This amendment attempts to improve comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income.  In order to facilitate convergence with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), FASB has decided to eliminate the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in shareholders’ equity.  Also, this amendment requires that all non-owner changes in shareholders’ equity be presented in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  This amendment is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and interim periods within these years (the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2012 for the Company) and is applied retrospectively.  On October 21, 2011, the FASB proposed a deferral of the requirement to present reclassifications of other comprehensive income on the face of the income statement. Companies would still be required to adopt all other requirements contained in the guidance. The adoption of these amended standards affected the presentation of other comprehensive income, as the Company has elected to present two separate but consecutive statements, but did not have an effect on its financial position or results of operations.