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Fair Values of Financial Instruments
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Values of Financial Instruments

NOTE T--FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

In accordance with ASC topic 820, the following describes the valuation techniques used by United to measure certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements.

Securities available for sale: Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Using a market approach valuation methodology, third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that considers observable market data (Level 2). Management internally reviews the fair values provided by third party vendors on a monthly basis. Management’s review consists of comparing fair values assigned by third party vendors to trades and offerings observed by management. The review requires some degree of judgment as to the number or percentage of securities to review on the part of management which could fluctuate based on results of past reviews and in comparison to current expectations. Exceptions that are deemed to be material are reviewed by management. Additionally, to assess the reliability of the information received from third party vendors, management obtains documentation from third party vendors related to the sources, methodologies, and inputs utilized in valuing securities classified as Level 2. Management analyzes this information to ensure the underlying assumptions appear reasonable. Management also obtains an independent service auditor’s report from third party vendors to provide reasonable assurance that appropriate controls are in place over the valuation process. Upon completing its review of the pricing from third party vendors at December 31, 2013, management determined that the prices provided by its third party pricing source were reasonable and in line with management’s expectations for the market values of these securities. Therefore, prices obtained from third party vendors that did not reflect forced liquidation or distressed sales were not adjusted by management at December 31, 2013. Management utilizes a number of factors to determine if a market is inactive, all of which may require a significant level of judgment. Factors that management considers include: a significant widening of the bid-ask spread, a considerable decline in the volume and level of trading activity in the instrument, a significant variance in prices among market participants, and a significant reduction in the level of observable inputs. Any securities available for sale not valued based upon quoted market prices or third party pricing models that consider observable market data are considered Level 3. Currently, United considers its valuation of available-for-sale Trup Cdos as Level 3. The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic assumes that fair values of financial assets are determined in an orderly transaction and not a forced liquidation or distressed sale at the measurement date. Based on financial market conditions, United feels that the fair values obtained from its third party vendor reflect forced liquidation or distressed sales for these Trup Cdos due to decreased volume and trading activity. Additionally, management held discussions with institutional traders to identify trends in the number and type of transactions related to the Trup Cdos sector. Based upon management’s review of the market conditions for Trup Cdos, it was determined that an income approach valuation technique (present value technique) that maximizes the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs is more representative of fair value than the valuation technique used by United’s third party vendor. The present value technique discounts expected future cash flows of a security to arrive at a present value. Management considers the following items when calculating the appropriate discount rate: the implied rate of return when the market

was last active, changes in the implied rate of return as markets moved from very active to inactive, recent changes in credit ratings, and recent activity showing that the market has built in increased liquidity and credit premiums. Management’s internal credit review of each security was also factored in to determine the appropriate discount rate. The credit review considered each security’s collateral, subordination, excess spread, priority of claims, principal and interest. Discount margins used in the valuation at December 31, 2013 ranged from LIBOR plus 3.75% to LIBOR plus 19.00%. Management completed a sensitivity analysis on the fair value of its Trup Cdos. Given a comprehensive 200 basis point increase in the discount rates, the total fair value of these securities would decline by approximately 17%.

Derivatives: United utilizes interest rate swaps to hedge exposure to interest rate risk and variability of cash flows associated to changes in the underlying interest rate of the hedged item. These hedging interest rate swaps are classified as either a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge. United’s derivative portfolio also includes derivative financial instruments not included in hedge relationships. These derivatives consist of interest rate swaps used for interest rate management purposes and derivatives executed with commercial banking customers to facilitate their interest rate management strategies. United utilizes third-party vendors for derivative valuation purposes. These vendors determine the appropriate fair value based on a net present value calculation of the cash flows related to the interest rate swaps using primarily observable market inputs such as interest rate yield curves (Level 2). Valuation adjustments to derivative fair values for liquidity and credit risk are also taken into consideration, as well as the likelihood of default by United and derivative counterparties, the net counterparty exposure and the remaining maturities of the positions. Values obtained from third party vendors are typically not adjusted by management. Management internally reviews the derivative values provided by third party vendors on a quarterly basis. All derivative values are tested for reasonableness by management utilizing a net present value calculation.

For a fair value hedge, the fair value of the interest rate swap is recognized on the balance sheet as either a freestanding asset or liability with a corresponding adjustment to the hedged financial instrument. Subsequent adjustments due to changes in the fair value of a derivative that qualifies as a fair value hedge are offset in current period earnings either in interest income or interest expense depending on the nature of the hedged financial instrument. For a cash flow hedge, the fair value of the interest rate swap is recognized on the balance sheet as either a freestanding asset or liability with a corresponding adjustment to other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity, net of tax. Subsequent adjustments due to changes in the fair value of a derivative that qualifies as a cash flow hedge are offset to other comprehensive income, net of tax. The portion of a hedge that is ineffective is recognized immediately in earnings.

For derivatives that are not designated in a hedge relationship, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recognized in earnings in the same period as the change in the fair value. Unrealized gains and losses due to changes in the fair value of other derivative financial instruments not in hedge relationship are included in noninterest income and noninterest expense, respectively.

The following table presents the balances of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy:

 

     Balance as of
  December 31,  
2013
    Fair Value at December 31, 2013 Using  

Description

      Quoted Prices  
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
  Observable  
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
   Unobservable  
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Assets

       

Available for sale debt securities:

       

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government corporations and agencies

            $    171,754        $            0        $    171,754        $              0   

State and political subdivisions

    62,709        0        62,709        0   

Residential mortgage-backed securities

       

Agency

    216,464        0        216,464        0   

Non-agency

    16,532        0        16,532        0   

Asset-backed securities

    9,227        0        9,227        0   

Commercial mortgage-backed securities Agency

    233,432        0        233,432        0   

Trust preferred collateralized debt obligations

    43,449        0        0        43,449   

Single issue trust preferred securities

    12,632        502        12,130        0   

Other corporate securities

    5,215        0        5,215        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale debt securities

    771,414        502        727,463        43,449   

Available for sale equity securities:

       

Financial services industry

    2,292        716        1,576        0   

Equity mutual funds (1)

    434        434        0        0   

Other equity securities

    1,144        1,144        0        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale equity securities

    3,870        2,294        1,576        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale securities

    775,284        2,796        729,039        43,449   

Derivative financial assets:

       

Interest rate contracts

    3,224        0        3,224        0   

Liabilities

       

Derivative financial liabilities:

       

Interest rate contracts

    1,194        0        1,194        0   

 

(1) The equity mutual funds are within a rabbi trust for the payment of benefits under a deferred compensation plan for certain key officers of United and its subsidiaries.

 

           Fair Value at December 31, 2012 Using  

Description

  Balance as of
  December 31,  
2012
      Quoted Prices  
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
  Observable  
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
   Unobservable  
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Assets

       

Available for sale debt securities:

       

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government corporations and agencies

        $    337,522        $            0            $    337,522        $            0   

State and political subdivisions

    80,428        0        80,428        0   

Residential mortgage-backed securities

       

Agency

    106,510        0        106,510        0   

Non-agency

    25,045        0        25,045        0   

Asset-backed securities

    11,709        0        11,709        0   

Trust preferred collateralized debt obligations

    40,613        0        0        40,613   

Single issue trust preferred securities

    12,129        499        11,630        0   

Other corporate securities

    5,283        0        5,283        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale debt securities

    619,239        499        578,127        40,613   

Available for sale equity securities:

       

Financial services industry

    5,382        2,304        3,078        0   

Equity mutual funds (1)

    55        55        0        0   

Other equity securities

    949        949        0        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale equity securities

    6,386        3,308        3,078        0   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total available for sale securities

    625,625        3,807        581,205        40,613   

Derivative financial assets:

       

Interest rate contracts

    2,367        0        2,367        0   

Liabilities

       

Derivative financial liabilities:

       

Interest rate contracts

    4,281        0        4,281        0   

 

(1) The equity mutual funds are within a rabbi trust for the payment of benefits under a deferred compensation plan for certain key officers of United and its subsidiaries.

The following table presents additional information about financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value at December 31, 2013 and 2012 on a recurring basis and for which United has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:

 

     Available-for-sale
Securities
 
(In thousands)    Trust preferred
collateralized debt obligations
 
     2013     2012  

Balance, beginning of year

     $    40,613        $    42,369   

Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):

    

Included in earnings (or changes in net assets)

     (6,456     (5,970

Included in other comprehensive income

     14,520        4,214   

Purchases, issuances, and settlements

     (5,228     0   

Transfers in and/or out of Level 3

     0        0   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, ending of year

     $ 43,449        $ 40,613   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings (or changes in net assets) attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at reporting date

     0        0   

Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by United to measure certain financial assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements.

 

Loans held for sale: Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or market value. These loans currently consist of one-to-four family residential loans originated for sale in the secondary market. Fair value is based on the price secondary markets are currently offering for similar loans using observable market data which is not materially different than cost due to the short duration between origination and sale (Level 2). As such, United records any fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis. No nonrecurring fair value adjustments were recorded on loans held for sale during the year ended December 31, 2013. Gains and losses on sale of loans are recorded within income from mortgage banking on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Impaired Loans: Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected. Impairment is measured based upon the present value of expected future cash flows from the loan discounted at the loan’s effective rate and the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. Fair value is measured using a market approach based on the value of the collateral securing the loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The vast majority of the collateral is real estate. The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using comparable property sales (Level 2). However, if the collateral is a house or building in the process of construction or if an appraisal of the real estate property is over two years old, then the fair value is considered Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business’ financial statements if not considered significant using observable market data. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). Impaired loans allocated to the Allowance for Loan Losses are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for credit losses expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

OREO: OREO consists of real estate acquired in foreclosure or other settlement of loans. Such assets are carried on the balance sheet at the lower of the investment in the assets or the fair value of the assets less estimated selling costs. Fair value is determined by one of two market approach methods depending on whether the property has been vacated and an appraisal can be conducted. If the property has yet to be vacated and thus an appraisal cannot be performed, a Brokers Price Opinion (i.e. BPO), is obtained. A BPO represents a best estimate valuation performed by a realtor based on knowledge of current property values and a visual examination of the exterior condition of the property. Once the property is subsequently vacated, a formal appraisal is obtained and the recorded asset value appropriately adjusted. On the other hand, if the OREO property has been vacated and an appraisal can be conducted, the fair value of the property is determined based upon the appraisal using a market approach. An authorized independent appraiser conducts appraisals for United. Appraisals for property other than ongoing construction are based on consideration of comparable property sales (Level 2). In contrast, valuation of ongoing construction assets requires some degree of professional judgment. In conducting an appraisal for ongoing construction property, the appraiser develops two appraised amounts: an “as is” appraised value and a “completed” value. Based on professional judgment and their knowledge of the particular situation, management determines the appropriate fair value to be utilized for such property (Level 3). As a matter of policy, valuations are reviewed at least annually and appraisals are generally updated on a bi-annual basis with values lowered as necessary.

Intangible Assets: For United, intangible assets consist of goodwill and core deposit intangibles. Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually or sooner if indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill impairment would be defined as the difference between the recorded value of goodwill (i.e. book value) and the implied fair value of goodwill. In determining the implied fair value of goodwill for purposes of evaluating goodwill impairment, United determines the fair value of the reporting unit using a market approach and compares the fair value to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, a step two test is performed whereby the implied fair value is computed by deducting the fair value of all tangible and intangible net assets from the fair value of the reporting unit. Core deposit intangibles relate to the estimated value of the deposit base of acquired institutions. Management reviews core deposit intangible assets on an annual basis, or sooner if indicators of impairment exist, and evaluates changes in facts and circumstances that may indicate impairment in the carrying value. Other than those intangible assets recorded in the acquisition of Centra, no fair value measurement of intangible assets was made during the year of 2013 and 2012.

 

The following table summarizes United’s financial assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

(In thousands)

 

Description

  Balance as of
  December 31,  
2013
    Fair Value at December 31, 2013 Using     YTD
  Losses   
 
        Quoted Prices    
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
  Observable  
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
   Unobservable  
Inputs
(Level 3)
   

Assets

         

Impaired Loans

  $ 45,883      $ 0      $ 13,081      $ 32,802      $ 1,886   

OREO

    38,182        0        38,107        75        2,548   

 

(In thousands)

 

Description

  Balance as of
  December 31,  
2012
    Fair Value at December 31, 2012 Using     YTD
  Losses   
 
      Quoted Prices  
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
  Observable  
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
   Unobservable  
Inputs
(Level 3)
   

Assets

         

Impaired Loans

  $   50,985      $ 0      $       28,947      $ 22,038      $   3,238   

OREO

    49,484        0        45,588        3,896        3,677   

The following methods and assumptions were used by United in estimating its fair value disclosures for other financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate those assets’ fair values.

Securities held to maturity and other securities: The estimated fair values of held to maturity are based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that considers observable market data. Any securities held to maturity not valued based upon the methods above are valued based on a discounted cash flow methodology using appropriately adjusted discount rates reflecting nonperformance and liquidity risks. Other securities consist mainly of shares of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock that do not have readily determinable fair values and are carried at cost.

Loans: The fair values of certain mortgage loans (e.g., one-to-four family residential), credit card loans, and other consumer loans are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair values of other loans (e.g., commercial real estate and rental property mortgage loans, commercial and industrial loans, financial institution loans and agricultural loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar creditworthiness, which include adjustments for liquidity concerns.

Deposits: The fair values of demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, regular savings and certain types of money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts). The carrying amounts of variable-rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date. Fair values of fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.

Short-term Borrowings: The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, borrowings under repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings approximate their fair values.

 

Long-term Borrowings: The fair values of United’s Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings and trust preferred securities are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on United’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

The estimated fair values of United’s financial instruments are summarized below:

 

                 Fair Value Measurements  
           Carrying    
Amount
    Fair
         Value      
        Quoted Prices    
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
    Significant
Other
  Observable  
Inputs
(Level 2)
    Significant
   Unobservable  
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

December 31, 2013

         

Cash and cash equivalents

    $       416,617        $       416,617        $     0        $       416,617      $ 0   

Securities available for sale

    775,284        775,284        2,796        729,039        43,449   

Securities held to maturity

    40,965        38,293        0        35,773        2,520   

Other securities

    73,093        70,072        0        0        70,072   

Loans held for sale

    4,236        4,236        0        4,236        0   

Loans

    6,630,385        6,657,376        0        0        6,657,376   

Derivative financial assets

    3,224        3,224        0        3,224        0   

Deposits

    6,621,571        6,641,070        0        6,641,070        0   

Short-term borrowings

    430,754        430,754        0        430,754        0   

Long-term borrowings

    575,697        553,796        0        553,796        0   

Derivative financial liabilities

    1,194        1,194        0        1,194        0   

December 31, 2012

         

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 432,077      $ 432,077      $ 0      $ 432,077      $ 0   

Securities available for sale

    625,625        625,625        3,807        581,205        40,613   

Securities held to maturity

    43,467        42,696        0        36,999        5,697   

Other securities

    60,310        57,643        0        0        57,643   

Loans held for sale

    17,762        17,762        0        17,762        0   

Loans

    6,437,515        6,473,974        0        0        6,473,974   

Derivative financial assets

    2,367        2,367        0        2,367        0   

Deposits

    6,752,986        6,776,012        0        6,776,012        0   

Short-term borrowings

    314,962        314,962        0        314,962        0   

Long-term borrowings

    284,926        277,899        0        277,899        0   

Derivative financial liabilities

    4,281        4,281        0        4,281        0