-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, SzYsCW8HxwpkSnIsiu4ivZPD0fPA7vWZ7cnOQOhfD5CTuoGf++97mtQ8GBtQtfgV E747vuUxW1MZFpLqSgR7SQ== 0000950123-97-010649.txt : 19971230 0000950123-97-010649.hdr.sgml : 19971230 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950123-97-010649 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 11 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19970930 FILED AS OF DATE: 19971229 SROS: NASD FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: OSI PHARMACEUTICALS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000729922 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: IN VITRO & IN VIVO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES [2835] IRS NUMBER: 133159796 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0930 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-15190 FILM NUMBER: 97745377 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 106 CHARLES LINDBERGH BLVD CITY: UNIONDALE STATE: NY ZIP: 11553 BUSINESS PHONE: 5162220023 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 106 CHARLES LINDBERGH BLVD CITY: UNIONDALE STATE: NY ZIP: 11553-3649 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: ONCOGENE SCIENCE INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 10-K 1 FORM 10-K 1 FORM 10-K SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 (Mark One) /X/ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997 or / / Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 0-15190 OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 13-3159796 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 106 Charles Lindbergh Blvd., Uniondale, N.Y. 11553 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (516) 222-0023 SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT: Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered None None SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT: Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (Title of Class) Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. / / As of November 28, 1997, the aggregate market value of the Registrant's voting stock held by non-affiliates was $133,215,769. For purposes of this calculation, shares of Common Stock held by directors, officers and stockholders whose ownership exceeds five percent of the Common Stock outstanding at November 28, 1997 were excluded. Exclusion of shares held by any person should not be construed to indicate that such person possesses the power, direct or indirect, to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of the Registrant, or that such person is controlled by or under common control with the Registrant. As of November 28, 1997, there were 22,263,969 shares of the Registrant's $.01 par value common stock outstanding. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the Registrant's definitive proxy statement for its 1998 annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III. 2 PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("OSI" or the "Company"), formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc., is a leading drug discovery company which has assembled a platform of drug discovery technologies enabling it to build and sustain a pipeline of pharmaceutical product opportunities. The Company pioneered the development of (i) genetically engineered live cell assays targeting gene transcription and (ii) robotic high throughput screening in order to generate lead compounds more efficiently. Over the last few years, the Company has, through acquisition and internal technology development, added extensively to these core capabilities. The addition of large diverse libraries of small molecules and a broadened expertise in assay biology, medicinal, combinatorial and pharmaceutical chemistry capabilities has created a comprehensive drug discovery platform enabling the Company to progress leads discovered against novel targets all the way through the discovery and pre-clinical development stages. Through corporate collaborations and co-ventures, OSI is partnering its drug discovery capabilities with the resources of other companies. In this manner, the Company receives current revenues from research funding and expects to realize future revenues from research and milestone payments, success fees and royalties from product sales. Independently and in collaboration with Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer"), Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. ("HMRI"), BioChem Pharma (International) Inc. ("BioChem Pharma"), Sepracor, Inc. ("Sepracor"), Novartis Pharma AG ("Novartis") and Sankyo Company, Ltd. ("Sankyo"), the Company is engaged in the discovery and development of drugs for 45 target proteins in a wide range of disease areas, including cancer, systemic and topical viral, bacterial and fungal diseases, diabetes, atherosclerosis, arthritis, neurological disorders and chronic anemias. Its research and development capabilities together with its ongoing discovery and development programs have positioned the Company as a leader in the field of drug discovery. The Company was incorporated in 1983. To reflect the Company's evolution, effective October 1, 1997, the Company changed its name from Oncogene Science, Inc. to OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its NASDAQ stock symbol to OSIP. BACKGROUND Over the last decade, major advances in molecular biology, automation, computing and the understanding of the human genome have led to a revolution in drug discovery technology. This has occurred at a time when the rising costs of health care and changes in health care management policies are applying increasing competitive pressure on the pharmaceutical industry. This has resulted in a series of major mergers within the pharmaceutical industry as organizations strive to maintain market share and build strong pipelines of new products to maintain competitive positions. This has led to an emphasis on the cost-effectiveness and quality of drug candidates and the speed with which novel classes of pharmaceuticals can be brought to the marketplace. In this environment, new discovery technologies that improve the number and quality of lead compounds have become critical in order to identify novel drug candidates and to conduct cost-effective clinical development. OSI'S TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM The Company's technologies are designed to accelerate the process of identifying and optimizing high quality, small molecule drug candidates for clinical development. The Company's technology platform is widely applicable to the identification and optimization of small molecule drug candidates to treat many different diseases, including diseases due to mutations or abnormalities in multiple genes. Utilizing its technology platform, the Company has been able to identify and optimize lead compounds that are potent and selective, possess minimal or no cellular toxicity and have activity in live cells and animal models, and that have progressed to clinical trials in humans. OSI's platform, which constitutes an integrated set of drug discovery technologies covering every aspect of pre-clinical drug development, includes proprietary live-cell assays, high throughput robotic screening, diverse compound libraries and combinatorial, medicinal and natural products chemistry capabilities, together with significant pre-clinical expertise in pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics and molecular biology. 2 3 Assay Biology The Company has specialized in the development of drug screens that utilize genetically engineered human cells to identify compounds that affect transcription of target genes. These assay systems, which employ reporter gene technology, can be utilized to discover drugs that affect the expression of proteins encoded by the target genes. There are multiple sites within a cell where a drug can act to exert a specific effect. This broadly enabling technology allows the Company to discover compounds that exert their effects on receptors, signal transduction proteins, transcription factors and other sites. The Company's seminal contribution to the development of this technology was recognized by the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 5,665,543 in September 1997, which claims a method of identifying compounds that specifically modulate expression of target genes using cells engineered to include reporter genes. This technology is used in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry and the Company believes that the claims covered by this patent, together with claims covered by pending patent applications, can be licensed for certain monetary and technology considerations. During the last two years the Company has broadened its assay expertise extensively. Currently, the Company is able to conduct screens on a wide variety of different assay platforms, including enzyme assays, immunoassays, scintillation proximity assays, protein-protein interaction assays and receptor-ligand screens. The Company believes this breadth of expertise enables it to select the most appropriate assay with which to pursue drug discovery against a novel biological target. High Throughput Robotic Screening Technology OSI has been a pioneer and remains a leader in the development of high throughput screening. The Company has developed software and automation that enable it to manage large compound libraries and prepare test substances for screening. The Company has developed proprietary hardware and software systems to automate the entire drug screening process, from the addition of the test substances to the cells to the analysis of the data generated from the tests. In its proprietary robotic screening facility, the Company can analyze up to 300,000 different test samples each week, depending on the complexity of the assays. The Company's robotic systems are not limited to any particular assay format and can be rapidly reconfigured to run a wide variety of assays. Diverse Compound Libraries Access to large libraries of diverse compounds is a key asset in the Company's drug discovery efforts. Leads discovered from these libraries become the proprietary starting materials from which drugs are optimized. The Company has access to over 1.5 million compounds from its own and several of its partners' compound libraries for high throughput screening. The Company's proprietary libraries include its unique natural products library of fungal organisms, its focused libraries of small molecule compounds derived from its high-speed combinatorial analoging, and The Dow Chemical Company's ("Dow") library of approximately 140,000 small molecule compounds. In March 1997, the Company acquired from Dow an exclusive worldwide license to this library for the purposes of discovery and development of small molecular weight pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. The duration of this license is coextensive with the life of the last to expire of the patents related to the licensed compounds (or 20 years if no patents are filed). In exchange for these rights, the Company issued to Dow 352,162 shares of common stock. The Company will also pay royalties to Dow from sales of products derived from a small subset of Dow's compound library that is covered by existing Dow patents or proprietary technology. In addition, certain collaborative partners have made their compound libraries available for additional research by the Company outside their existing collaborative programs. For any compound from the Company's collaborative partners' libraries that emerges as a lead in a proprietary program, the partner typically will have the right of first refusal to develop the compound or terminate its further development or to allow the Company to commercialize the compound independently or with a third party in exchange for royalty payments from the Company on product sales. 3 4 Natural Products Discovery The Company has an extensive program to discover novel and active natural product compounds found in fungal fermentation extracts. Fungi are a known source of pharmaceuticals, including penicillin, cephalosporin, lovastatin, prevastatin and cyclosporin A. Through its MYCOsearch, Inc. subsidiary ("MYCOsearch"), the Company owns a unique and diverse collection of approximately 70,000 fungal organisms. In the MYCOsearch Natural Products Discovery Center in North Carolina, the Company has implemented automated microfermentation technology through which it has generated approximately 110,000 extracts for high throughput screening. This operation is expected to add between 50,000 and 100,000 new extracts to the Company's natural products library annually. The Company has invested substantial resources in implementing a fully integrated fermentation biology and natural products chemistry capability to provide the infrastructure and expertise necessary to isolate and identify active natural product compounds that may be present in fungal abstracts. Chemistry and Lead Optimization The pharmaceutical properties of a lead compound must be optimized before clinical development of that compound begins. In 1996 the Company acquired Aston Molecules Ltd. ("Aston"), a private company with expertise in medicinal and combinatorial chemistry, which are critical elements in the lead optimization process. The Company's Aston subsidiary also has expertise in pharmacokinetics and pharmaceutical chemistry, which are disciplines applied during the pre-clinical stages to accentuate the drug-like qualities of a lead candidate. In November 1997, the Company officially dedicated Aston's newly expanded medicinal, combinatorial and pharmaceutical chemistry facilities. The Company continues to invest in technology designed to improve drug discovery in this area. The Company also has a strategic alliance with Xenometrix, Inc. which is aimed at the development of automated live-cell assays that will allow the Company to profile genes that might be early indicators of the toxicological liability of a lead compound. This molecular biology approach is being implemented together with similar approaches that are being designed to allow the Company to generate information on the metabolic liability of lead compounds together with their physical and chemical properties. The Company is in the process of establishing this integrated platform of automated and semi-automated technologies in an effort to support decision making regarding the quality of lead candidates earlier in the drug discovery process. STRATEGY Historically, drug discovery has been an expensive process of attrition. In the pharmaceutical industry, only about 1 in 16 research and development programs involving compounds screened against specific targets actually result in a successful drug. It costs on average (including failures) approximately $300 million in research and development to bring a drug from initial lead to market. OSI's business strategy is to manage this risk by applying its integrated discovery platform to improve the speed and effectiveness of the drug discovery process, and to leverage this platform through corporate collaborations to grow and sustain a pipeline of novel pharmaceutical product opportunities. To retain more of the downstream returns, the Company has also embarked on a strategy of forming co-ventures with other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. These co-ventures are in the form of (i) discovery and development collaborations in which the Company has committed greater resources toward product development in exchange for greater product commercialization rights and (ii) new entities formed jointly by the Company and other organizations to which the Company has contributed technology, expertise and other resources in exchange for equity interests and royalty rights. In addition to its collaborative programs and co-ventures, the Company has undertaken independent efforts to discover and develop gene transcription-based therapeutics in various proprietary areas. Generally, the Company's objective with respect to its proprietary programs is to identify lead compounds, progress them through pre-clinical development and manage clinical development through early-stage clinical trials. If its drug discovery efforts are successful, the Company's practice is to partner with large pharmaceutical firms for clinical and commercial development of potential proprietary products. 4 5 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS The following table summarizes OSI's current product development and research programs as of September 30, 1997. The table is qualified in its entirety by reference to the more detailed descriptions elsewhere in this report.
- ------------------------- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- NO. OF DRUG DISCOVERY DRUG PRECLINICAL PROGRAM DISEASE FIELD TARGETS DISCOVERY(a) EVALUATION(b) PHASE I(c) PHASE II(d) - ------------------------- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- COLLABORATIONS Novartis Wound Healing 1 1 (TGF-Beta3) Oral Mucositis 1 1 (TGF-Beta3) Pfizer Cancer 14 10 3 1 HMRI Cardiovascular 4 3 1 Inflammatory 4 3 1 EPO Inducers 1 1 Wyeth Diabetes 1 1 Sankyo Influenza 4 4 CO-VENTURES BioChem Pharma HIV 2 2 HCV 2 1 1 HBV 1 1 Sepracor Anti-Bacterials, 3 3 Anti-Fungals Anaderm Skin Pigmentation 2 1 1 Skin Wrinkles 1 1 Hair Growth 1 1 Helicon Long-Term Memory 1 1 OTHER AFM Muscular Dystrophy 1 1 OSI Sickle Cell Disease, 1 1 B-Thalassemia - ------------------------- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- TOTAL 45 33 9 1 2 - ------------------------- ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- ------------ -------------
(a) For most of the Company's programs in the "Discovery" phase, the target proteins are either undergoing high throughput screening or lead compounds identified in these screens are being evaluated. Multiple lead compounds may exist for any target protein. These lead compounds may be at different stages of development, as indicated in the table above. (b) In the "Preclinical Evaluation" phase, the Company or its collaborative partners optimize lead compounds and conduct laboratory pharmacology and toxicology testing. (c) "Phase I" clinical trials consist of small scale safety trials typically in healthy human volunteers. (d) "Phase II" clinical trials entail testing of compounds in humans for safety and efficacy in a limited patient population. 5 6 Small Molecule Collaborative Programs and Co-Ventures OSI pursues collaborations with pharmaceutical companies to combine the Company's drug discovery capabilities with the collaborators' development and financial resources. The Company's collaborations provide for its partners to fund the Company's collaborative research programs and to pay royalties on sales of any resulting products. Certain collaborative programs involve milestone payments by the Company's partners. The collaborative partners generally retain manufacturing and marketing rights worldwide. Generally, each collaborative research agreement prohibits the Company from pursuing with any third party drug discovery research relating to the target proteins being covered by research under the collaboration. The Company's existing collaborations are as follows: Pfizer Inc. In April 1986, Pfizer and the Company entered into a collaborative research agreement and several other related agreements. During the first five years of the collaboration, the Company and Pfizer focused principally on understanding the molecular biology of oncogenes. In 1991, Pfizer and the Company renewed the collaboration for a second five-year term and expanded the resources and scope of the collaboration to focus on the discovery and development of cancer therapeutic products based on mechanisms-of-action that target oncogenes and anti-oncogenes. Oncogenes play a key role in the conversion of normal cells to a cancerous state and can cause cancer when they mutate or over express. Anti-oncogenes, or tumor suppressor genes, encode proteins that generally function to block the proliferative growth of particular cell types. A loss of function of certain tumor suppressor genes can result in uncontrolled cell growth. Effective April 1, 1996, the Company and Pfizer renewed their collaboration for a new five-year term by entering into new collaborative research and license agreements. Currently, the Company's collaboration with Pfizer focuses on discovering compounds that act upon various target proteins involved in cancer. The Company's screening program has resulted in the identification of a proprietary lead compound, CP-358,774, that inhibits the activity of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, a protein associated with a number of major cancers. Pfizer is conducting Phase I safety and toxicity studies in the United States on this compound. The continued development of this compound depends on several factors outside the control of the Company, including the amount and timing of resources devoted by Pfizer, successful completion of safety and toxicity studies and successful optimization of the compound. There can be no assurance that a drug will result from this program. All patent rights and patentable inventions derived from the research under this collaboration are owned jointly by the Company and Pfizer. The Company has granted Pfizer an exclusive, worldwide license to make, use, and sell the therapeutic products resulting from this collaboration in exchange for royalty payments. This license terminates on the date of the last to expire of the Company's relevant patent rights. Pfizer will be responsible for the clinical development, regulatory approval, manufacturing and marketing of any products derived from the collaborative research program. However, the collaborative research agreement does not obligate Pfizer to pursue these activities. Generally, the Company and Pfizer are prohibited during the term of the contract from independently pursuing or sponsoring research aimed at the compounds or products in the target area, except that the Company may conduct research with respect to human diagnostic products within the area of its collaborative research with Pfizer. The collaborative research agreement will expire on April 1, 2001. However, it may be terminated earlier by either party upon the occurrence of certain defaults by the other party. Any termination of the collaboration resulting from a Pfizer default will cause a termination of Pfizer's license rights. Pfizer will retain its license rights if it terminates the agreement in response to a default by the Company. In addition, between July 1 and September 30, 1998, Pfizer may terminate the collaborative research agreement, with or without cause, effective March 31, 1999. Furthermore, between July 1 and September 30, 1999, Pfizer may terminate the collaborative research agreement, with or without cause, effective March 31, 2000. In the event of such early termination, Pfizer will retain its license rights. 6 7 From 1986 to March 1997, Pfizer paid an aggregate amount of $36.4 million to the Company in research funding. In 1986, Pfizer purchased 587,500 shares of the Company's common stock, which constitutes approximately 2.6% of the Company's outstanding common stock, for an aggregate purchase price of $3,525,000. Under the current collaborative research agreement, Pfizer has committed to provide research funding to the Company in an aggregate amount of approximately $18.8 million. Pursuant to a schedule set forth in the collaborative research agreement, Pfizer will make annual research funding payments to the Company, which will gradually increase from a maximum of approximately $3.5 million in the first year of the five-year term to approximately $4 million in the fifth year. Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. The Company is pursuing various areas jointly with HMRI in two collaborative efforts. Effective as of January 1, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with HMRI to develop orally active, small molecule inducers of erythropoietin gene expression for the treatment of anemia due to chronic renal failure and anemia associated with chemotherapy for AIDS and cancer. This collaboration is focused on the preclinical and clinical development of lead compounds previously discovered by the Company from its natural products and combinatorial chemistry libraries and from HMRI's compound library. In addition, effective as of April 1, 1997, the Company and HMRI entered into an Amended Collaborative Research and License Agreement that consolidated and extended formerly separate collaborative programs between the Company and each of Marion Merrell Dow Inc. ("MMDI"), Hoechst Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Hoechst Roussel") and Hoechst AG ("Hoechst"). This resulted from the corporate reorganization of HMRI in July 1995 in which the pharmaceutical operations of MMDI, Hoechst Roussel and Hoechst were combined into HMRI. This Amended Collaborative Research and License Agreement provides for HMRI and the Company to collaborate in the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis, inflammation, arthritis and metabolic diseases. HMRI holds 1,590,909 shares of common stock of the Company, which includes a warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock for $5.50 per share. Anemia. The anemia collaboration is focused on developing orally active, small molecules that induce gene expression of the protein erythropoietin. Under the terms of the agreement, a research committee, with equal representation from the Company and HMRI, prepares and approves research plans and reviews and evaluates progress under the plans. Both the Company and HMRI are contributing medicinal chemistry and preclinical optimization teams under the agreement. HMRI has the exclusive right to conduct preclinical and clinical development of drug candidates emerging from the program. The Company may receive from HMRI up to $30 million in research funding, milestone payments and success fees depending on HMRI's clinical success. The Company has granted to HMRI exclusive, worldwide licenses to, among other things, use, manufacture and sell products resulting from the collaboration. In exchange for these licenses, HMRI will pay the Company royalties on the sales by HMRI of any products resulting from the collaboration. The duration of the licenses is coextensive with the lives of the patents related to the licensed compounds. The Company and HMRI each have certain rights and obligations to prosecute and maintain patent rights related to specified areas of the research under the agreement. Generally, the Company and HMRI are prohibited during the term of the collaboration from pursuing or sponsoring research and development of compounds and products in the target area other than pursuant to the agreement without the approval of the research committee. The term of the agreement is segmented into three periods: (1) an option period, which terminates on March 31, 1998; (2) a contract period, which continues until March 31, 2000; and (3) a development phase which commences March 31, 1998 and continues for as long as HMRI continues development activities. During the option period, the agreement may be terminated by mutual written agreement of the parties. If HMRI elects not to participate in the contract period term or discontinues participation during the contract period term or development phase, it will offer the Company and the Company may accept the license rights to develop and commercialize the compounds and products of the collaboration, subject to payment of royalties by the Company to HMRI. The agreement is also subject to early termination in the event of certain defaults by the parties. 7 8 Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases. Pursuant to the Amended Collaborative Research and License Agreement effective April 1, 1997, the Company and HMRI are conducting joint research and development activities in the areas of atherosclerosis, inflammation, arthritis and metabolic diseases. In the atherosclerosis program, the Company has completed screening HMRI's compound libraries. This has resulted in the identification of several lead compounds, which HMRI is optimizing for further development. In the inflammation, arthritis and metabolic diseases program, the Company has completed the screening of HMRI's compound libraries against specified targets. The lead compounds identified in these screens are undergoing further analysis, including evaluation in animal models, by HMRI. Under this collaboration, a research committee, with equal representation from OSI and HMRI, meets at least three times a year to evaluate the progress of the research program, make priority and program decisions, and prepare research plans identifying the drug targets to be pursued. New targets are added to the program on an ongoing basis by mutual agreement. The Company is responsible for achieving objectives outlined in the annual research plans. HMRI is responsible for assisting the Company in the pursuit of such objectives, including advancing the pharmacological assessment of compounds identified by the Company, determining the chemical structure of the selected compounds, identifying and selecting development candidates, pursuing clinical development and regulatory approval, and developing manufacturing methods and pharmaceutical formulations for the selected candidates. HMRI is responsible for funding the costs of the Company's discovery efforts. As of September 30, 1997, the Company had received or accrued an aggregate of $16.1 million in research funding from HMRI and its predecessors. The Company has granted to HMRI (i) an exclusive, worldwide license with respect to, among other things, the use, manufacture and sale of products resulting from their atherosclerosis research collaboration and (ii) the right to obtain an exclusive, worldwide license with respect to any therapeutic product derived from the inflammation, arthritis and metabolic disease program. In exchange for these licenses, HMRI will pay royalties to the Company on sales of such products. The Company and HMRI have mutually exclusive rights and obligations to prosecute and maintain certain patent rights related to various specified areas of the research. Generally, the Company is prohibited during the term of the collaboration from pursuing or sponsoring research independent of HMRI if it relates to the identified targets in the areas of collaboration with HMRI without the approval of the research committee. HMRI is generally prohibited from using the gene transcription method independent of OSI to discover novel human therapeutic products without the approval of the research committee. The agreement expires on the later of March 31, 2002 or the last to expire of any obligations of HMRI to pay royalties. The collaborative research agreement may be terminated early by either party upon the occurrence of certain defaults by the other party. Any termination by the Company resulting from an HMRI default will cause a termination of certain of HMRI's license rights. HMRI will retain its license rights if it terminates the agreement in response to a default by the Company. Sankyo Company, Ltd. Effective as of February 12, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with Sankyo to be conducted in partnership with MRC Collaborative Center ("MRC CC"), London, U.K. The collaboration is focused on discovering and developing novel pharmaceutical products to treat influenza. Under the terms of the agreement, a research committee was formed consisting of three representatives from Sankyo, two representatives from the Company and one representative from MRC CC. The committee monitors the progress of the research program and directs the objectives, tasks and required activities of the collaboration. The Company is responsible for conducting research as directed by the research committee, including, without limitation, compound screening in exchange for research funding from Sankyo. Sankyo has the responsibility and the exclusive right to conduct preclinical and clinical development of all candidate compounds in exchange for milestone payments to the Company. 8 9 The Company and MRC CC have granted to Sankyo exclusive, worldwide licenses to, among other things, use, manufacture and sell all products resulting from the collaboration. In exchange for these licenses, Sankyo will pay to the Company and MRC CC license fees and royalties on product sales. The duration of the licenses is coextensive with the lives of the patents related to the licensed compound. If Sankyo discontinues development of all candidate compounds, the Company will have the sole and exclusive right to develop, use, manufacture and sell all products resulting from the collaboration, and it will pay royalties to Sankyo. Each of the parties has rights and obligations to prosecute and maintain patent rights related to specified areas of the research under the agreement. Generally, the Company, Sankyo and MRC CC are prohibited during the term of the contract from pursuing or sponsoring research and development of compounds and products in the anti-influenza area other than pursuant to the agreement. The agreement is for a term of three years, with the option to extend for an additional one or two year period upon conditions and terms acceptable to the Company, Sankyo and MRC CC. The agreement is subject to early termination in the event of certain defaults by the parties. Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories In December 1991, the Company entered into a two-year collaborative research agreement with Wyeth, which was extended for an additional three-year term in December 1993. The purpose of the agreement was to discover and develop transcription-based drugs for the treatment of diabetes, immune system modulation, asthma and osteoporosis. This collaboration was successful in identifying active compounds on all four protein targets. Wyeth has continued pre-clinical evaluation of compounds active against diabetes targets and is continuing research in the diabetes program. Wyeth is responsible for assessing the safety of the development candidates in animals and human patients under conditions designed to meet FDA requirements, and developing manufacturing methods and pharmaceutical formulations for those selected candidates. The funded portion of this collaboration was concluded on December 31, 1996 in accordance with the terms of the collaborative research agreement. The Company has granted to Wyeth an option which is valid until December 31, 1997, to obtain exclusive, worldwide licenses with respect to products resulting from this collaboration in exchange for royalties to the Company on sales of such products. Under the agreement, all technology and patent rights will remain owned by the respective parties and each party has the right to prosecute and maintain its own patents. Wyeth has funded the Company's drug discovery efforts under this collaboration. As of September 30, 1997, Wyeth had provided the Company with an aggregate of $6.1 million in research funding. The Company has established the following discovery and development co-ventures: BioChem Pharma (International) Inc. Effective as of May 1, 1996, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research, Development and Commercialization Agreement with BioChem Pharma. Under this agreement, the parties will seek to discover and develop antiviral drugs for the treatment of Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and HIV, although the focus of the collaborative efforts may change at the discretion of a joint steering committee. This agreement provides that the Company and BioChem Pharma will jointly commit resources to the collaborative program. The Company and BioChem Pharma will share equally the commercialization rights in the U.S. and Europe for any products resulting from the collaboration. BioChem Pharma will exclusively own commercialization rights in Canada. The agreement is for a term of five years, with automatic, successive one-year renewal periods thereafter. After May 1, 1999, however, either party may terminate the agreement by giving the other party six-months prior written notice. The agreement is also subject to early termination in the event of certain defaults by either party. BioChem Pharma presently holds 500,000 shares of common stock of the Company. 9 10 Sepracor, Inc. On March 7, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research Development and Commercialization Agreement with Sepracor. Under this agreement, the parties will seek to discover and develop certain anti-infective agents and anti-inflammatory agents. A joint steering committee consisting of equal representation from each of the parties will manage all aspects of the research program. The Company and Sepracor will commit equal resources to the program, including, among other things, access to all their respective compound libraries and dedicated teams of research scientists. Generally, the parties will share equally the commercialization rights throughout the world for products derived from the program and will share equally the profits from sales of such products, except that in the case of drugs that are derived from two specified lead series that were contributed to the collaboration by Sepracor (and for which Sepracor had previously established activity against specified targets), Sepracor will receive 75% of such profits (and bear 75% of the commercialization responsibilities). The agreement is for a term of three years, with automatic successive one-year renewal terms thereafter (subject to the right of either party to terminate the agreement at the end of each term). The agreement is subject to early termination in the event of specified defaults by either party. The Company and Sepracor are prohibited from conducting independently any research within the scope of the co-venture without the consent of the joint steering committee. Xenometrix, Inc. On June 27, 1997, the Company and Xenometrix, Inc. entered into an agreement pursuant to which they will jointly seek a corporate partner to fund a technology collaboration for the development of automated systems to generate and analyze certain data relating to toxicological, metabolic and undesirable systemic effects of drug candidates. The parties have cross licensed certain of their respective assay technologies on a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive basis. The agreement is for a period of nine months, with automatic successive three month renewal periods. Each party is prohibited from negotiating independently with any potential corporate partner with respect to the subject matter of this agreement without the consent of the other party. No assurance can be given that the parties will identify or contract with an appropriate corporate partner. The Company has established the following equity co-ventures: Anaderm Research Corporation On April 23, 1996, in connection with the formation of Anaderm Research Corp., a Delaware corporation ("Anaderm"), the Company entered into a Stockholders' Agreement (the "Stockholders' Agreement") among the Company, Pfizer, Anaderm, New York University ("NYU") and certain NYU faculty members (the "Faculty Members"), and a Collaborative Research Agreement (the "Research Agreement") among the Company, Pfizer and Anaderm for the discovery and development of novel compounds to treat conditions such as baldness, wrinkles and pigmentation disorders. Anaderm has issued common stock to Pfizer and the Company and options to purchase common stock to NYU and the Faculty Members. NYU and the Faculty Members have exercised their options fully, and Pfizer holds 82%, the Company holds 14%, and NYU and the Faculty Members collectively hold 4%, of Anaderm's common stock. In exchange for its 14% of the outstanding shares of Anaderm common stock, the Company provided formatting for high throughput screens and conducted compound screening for 18 months at its own expense under the Research Agreement. The term of the initial Research Agreement was three years. During the initial phase of the agreement (the first 18 months) the Company was required to provide at its own cost formatting for high throughput screens and perform screening of its own compounds and those compounds provided by Pfizer. Upon the termination of the initial phase, the Board of Directors of Anaderm made a determination that the initial phase was successfully completed. Pursuant to Pfizer's approval, the funded phase commenced as of October 1, 1997 and will continue for the term of the Research Agreement. During this phase, Anaderm will make payments to the Company equal to its research costs, including overhead, plus 10%. Anaderm or Pfizer will pay royalties to the Company on the sales of products resulting from this collaboration. 10 11 Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. In July 1997, the Company, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Hoffman-La Roche Inc.("Roche") formed Helicon Therapeutics, Inc., a new Delaware corporation ("Helicon"). In exchange for approximately 28% of Helicon's outstanding capital stock, the Company will contribute to Helicon molecular screening services and a nonexclusive license with respect to certain screening technology. Such services are to be performed within one year. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory contributed a royalty-free license to commercialize certain technology relating to genes associated with long-term memory in exchange for a portion of Helicon's outstanding capital stock. Roche contributed cash for a portion of Helicon's outstanding capital stock. Certain individuals associated with Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory hold the remaining outstanding capital stock of Helicon. The parties have entered into various collaborative research and license agreements pursuant to which they will jointly pursue the discovery, development and commercialization of novel drugs for the treatment of long-term memory disorders and other central nervous system dysfunctions. The initial term of the collaborative program is three years, commencing as of July 1, 1997, subject to extension for successive one-year periods upon agreement of the parties. Roche, however, will have the right to terminate the program at the end of the second year, or otherwise if certain milestones identified by the research committee are not achieved. The Company and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory are to conduct research under the program, which will be funded by Helicon (except for the molecular screening services the Company is contributing to Helicon). Helicon is to receive funding from Roche for the first two years of the program. If the program is not previously terminated, Roche is to continue to provide funding for the third year of the program, with the actual amount to be determined by a research committee established to oversee the collaborative program. Roche is obligated to use reasonably diligent efforts to commercialize products derived from the program. Helicon has granted to Roche a worldwide license to commercialize pharmaceutical products resulting from the collaborative program in exchange for certain milestone payments and royalties on Roche's sales of such products. Each of Helicon, the Company, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Roche have various rights and obligations to prosecute and maintain patent rights related to specified developments and areas of the research under the collaborative program. Helicon is prohibited from independently conducting or sponsoring research related to the objectives of this collaborative program. Recombinant TGF-Beta3 Collaboration Novartis Pharma AG In addition to its small molecule discovery programs, the Company has developed the recombinant protein TGF-Beta3 for various indications. The Company believes it was the first to isolate TGF-Beta3, a naturally occurring human growth factor that exerts either stimulatory or inhibitory effects depending upon the particular cell type to which it is applied. Topical or local application of TGF-Beta3 in animal studies has been shown to enhance and accelerate wound healing. Similarly, animal studies have shown that TGF-Beta3 can minimize the severity of ulcerative mucositis when administered prior to chemotherapy. The Company entered into an agreement with Novartis in April 1995 expanding the scope of the two companies' prior collaborative efforts with respect to TGF-Beta3. This agreement grants to Novartis an exclusive, worldwide license to use and sell TGF-Beta3 products for wound healing and oral mucositis, as well as certain other indications, including psoriasis, and an option to obtain rights to all other indications of TGF-Beta3 currently held by the Company. In addition, Novartis has the worldwide license to manufacture TGF-Beta3 for all indications. Wound Healing. The Company is collaborating with Novartis in the development of TGF-Beta3 in an application to promote soft tissue wound healing, including venous leg ulcers, decubitus ulcers (pressure sores), diabetic foot ulcers and burns. This is the primary indication for TGF-Beta3 on which Novartis and the Company are focusing. Such chronic cutaneous ulcers afflict an estimated three million people in the U.S. TGF-Beta3 is 11 12 believed to promote wound healing by recruiting inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, and fibroblasts, and stimulating fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production. TGF-Beta3 is also believed to stimulate angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth) at the wound site. To date, Novartis has completed four Phase I safety studies, one in Europe using a single dose of TGF-Beta3 applied to intact skin, one in the U.S. using a multiple dose of TGF-Beta3 applied to intact skin, and two in Japan. In all studies, the drug was found to be well tolerated with no adverse effects. Novartis recently completed two Phase IIa safety/dose-finding studies, one in Europe, involving a single dose administration to venous leg ulcer patients, the other in the U.S., involving a single dose administration to decubitis ulcer patients. The drug was found to be well tolerated in these patients and shown initial efficacy data. Novartis initiated a comprehensive Phase II clinical trial of venous leg ulcer patients in Europe, a clinical trial in pressure sore patients in the U.S. and Canada and a venous ulcer, decubitis ulcer and burn study in Japan during 1996. In addition, Novartis is conducting additional Phase II venous leg ulcer, decubitus ulcer and burn wound clinical trials in Japan. There can be no assurance that additional trials will demonstrate safety and efficacy or will begin when planned, or at all in part for the reasons discussed below. Oral Mucositis. Oral mucositis is a painful, often debilitating condition characterized by mouth and throat lesions that frequently occur as a side effect of chemotherapy. In the U.S., over one million new cases of cancer occur each year, over half of which receive multiple treatments of chemotherapy. Approximately 40% of chemotherapy patients exhibit some degree of oral mucositis. As a secondary indication, the Company and Novartis have developed topical formulations of TGF-Beta3 in an attempt to temporarily inhibit the high proliferative growth rate of certain normal cells in the mouth. The Company's objective is to develop TGF-Beta3 to reduce the toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic agents. Under an agreement with the Company, Novartis is funding clinical trials of TGF-Beta3 for oral mucositis in the United States and in Europe. Having completed two Phase I clinical trials, Novartis has initiated multi-center Phase II clinical studies in Europe and the U.S. Novartis will fund all further Phase III clinical trials. No assurance can be given that any of these clinical trials will demonstrate efficacy. General. In exchange for its exclusive license with respect to the wound healing, oral mucositis and certain other indications for TGF-Beta3, Novartis will make royalty payments to the Company on the sale of TGF-Beta3 products. Also, Novartis purchased 909,091 shares of the Company's Common Stock at $5.50 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $5 million in April 1995. If, and at the time, Novartis decides to initiate Phase III clinical trials (or the equivalent in Europe) for oral mucositis, Novartis will be required to make a $10 million payment to the Company. In exchange for such payment, Novartis's license will be expanded to cover all other indications for TGF-Beta3. Novartis has the option to make such payment by purchasing $10 million of the Company's Common Stock at the higher of $5.50 per share or the then current market price. In the absence of a decision by Novartis to pursue such clinical trials, Novartis may nonetheless exercise an option within four years from inception of the agreement, or by April 1999, to expand its license under the agreement to cover all indications for TGF-Beta3 by making the $10 million payment. Novartis has the right to discontinue clinical development at any time, in which case all of its license rights from the Company with respect to TGF-Beta3 will be terminated and it will make available to the Company the results of all clinical work up to the date such activity was discontinued. Under the agreement, Novartis has the right to manufacture TGF-Beta3, and will supply the Company and any licensee of the Company with all developmental and commercial quantities of TGF-Beta3 required. With respect to the Company's commercial requirements in the future, if any, Novartis and the Company have agreed to negotiate terms pursuant to which Novartis will supply TGF-Beta3, subject to a specified pricing formula should the parties fail to reach agreement. If Novartis is unable or unwilling to scale up its capacity to supply TGF-Beta3 to the Company or its licensees in sufficient quantities, Novartis will license to the Company its technology relating to the production of TGF-Beta3 on terms to be negotiated within specified parameters. 12 13 The Company's agreement with Novartis ends upon the expiration of the last Company's patents relating to TGF-Beta3. Proprietary Drug Discovery And Development Chronic Anemias Currently, the Company's proprietary discovery and development efforts are focused principally on sickle cell anemia and B-thalassemia that are caused by genetic mutations which result in the mutation, absence or decrease in the adult chain of hemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen). Currently available treatments for both of these diseases are inadequate and expensive. The cost of treating each sickle cell patient in the U.S. has been estimated to be in excess of $60,000 annually. Regular blood transfusions are the mainstay of current therapy for thalassemia. The Company's approach to address sickle cell anemia and thalassemia is to discover a small molecule compound that increases expression of the fetal hemoglobin ("HbF") gene to compensate for defects in the adult chain of hemoglobin. The Company has identified lead compounds that induce the production of HbF and has initiated pre-clinical developments. Muscle Wasting Disorders Muscular Dystrophy. Duchenne's and Becker's muscular dystrophy are due to defects of the dystrophin gene. The Company is developing multiple approaches in its discovery efforts with respect to a drug for the treatment of muscular dystrophy. A portion of the funding for this project has been provided by the Association Francaise Contre Les Myopathies ("AFM"). CANCER DIAGNOSTICS The Company is engaged in the development of a series of cancer diagnostic tests based on oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and other gene targets whose proteins are directly involved in tumor growth or metastasis. One line of these tests utilizes immunoassays and monoclonal antibodies to detect these cancer markers in urine and serum. The other line of diagnostic tests utilizes a series of monoclonal antibodies capable of measuring the cancer markers in tissue sections using immunohistochemistry techniques such as manual pathology diagnostic tests and image analysis. Both of these lines of tests are designed to aid oncologists in the confirmation, monitoring, staging, screening or prognosis of human cancer. These tests may enable reference labs and physicians to select more effective types of treatment, more easily monitor patients during therapy, or diagnose cancer at an earlier stage. The current focus of the Company's diagnostic development program is on breast and colon cancer, but the Company believes that many of the cancer markers in its program may have clinical utility for other human tumors, such as lung, prostate, ovarian and stomach cancer. None of these diagnostic tests have completed clinical development or received FDA clearance to be marketed in the United States. The Company pursued serum and tissue based cancer diagnostic products in collaboration with Becton, Dickinson and Company ("Becton") under a collaborative program started in October 1991 (after an earlier technology collaboration from 1984 to 1989). During 1995, the Company and Becton agreed that Becton would narrow its focus in the program exclusively to tissue-based diagnostic tests including immunohistochemistry and that the Company would continue its development program in serum-based cancer diagnostics. Pursuant to an agreement entered into as of September 27, 1996, the Company has granted to Becton world-wide licenses to make, use and sell tissue-based diagnostic products that incorporate specified antibodies with respect to which the Company owns patent or other proprietary rights. The Company has generally retained the rights with respect to nontissue-based (i.e., serum-based) diagnostic products. 13 14 The Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with the Bayer Corporation ("Bayer"), effective January 1, 1997, for the development of serum-based cancer diagnostic products. Under this agreement, the Company has granted to Bayer licenses to manufacture, use and sell clinical diagnostic products based on the Company's cancer diagnostics technology in exchange for royalties on net sales. Bayer will own all technology, and has the exclusive right to commercialize clinical diagnostic products, derived from the collaboration. Bayer's license is perpetual with respect to nonpatented technology and will terminate with respect to patented technology upon the expiration of the last to expire of the Company's patents. Bayer will provide funding for the Company's research under the collaboration in the amount of $1.5 million for each of the first two years, and $1 million for each subsequent year. The Company will be required to provide up to $500,000 in annual funding for the collaboration to the extent the Company derives net revenues from out-licensing any cancer diagnostics technology or the sale of any clinical diagnostic or clinical research products. The agreement will terminate on December 31, 2002. Bayer has the right to terminate the agreement at any time after December 31, 1997 upon 12 months notice. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY The Company believes that patents and other proprietary rights are vital to its business. The Company's policy is to protect its intellectual property rights in technology developed by its scientific staff by a variety of means, including applying for patents in the United States and other major industrialized countries. The Company also relies upon trade secrets and improvements, unpatented proprietary know-how and continuing technological innovations to develop and maintain its competitive position. In this regard, the Company seeks restrictions in its agreements with third parties, including research institutions, with respect to the use and disclosure of the Company's proprietary technology. The Company also has confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants and scientific advisors. The Company currently owns 21 U.S. patents and 36 foreign patents. In addition, the Company currently has pending 28 applications for U.S. patents, 5 of which have been allowed, and 44 applications for foreign patents, 3 of which have been allowed. In addition, other institutions have granted exclusive rights under their United States and foreign patents and patent applications to the Company. In September 1997, the Company was issued U.S. Patent No. 5,665,543, which claims a method of identifying compounds that specifically modulate expression of target genes using cells engineered to include reporter genes. The Company has additional patent applications pending, some of which have been allowed, which should enhance the Company's patent position in the area of gene transcription, including an allowed U.S. patent application claiming a method of specifically modulating gene transcription in a multicellular organism using a low molecular weight compound. There can be no assurance that patents will issue based upon the Company's pending patent applications or any applications which it may file in the future, that any patent issued will adequately protect a commercially marketable product or process or that any patent issued will not be circumvented or infringed by others or declared invalid or unenforceable. Moreover, there can be no assurance that others may not independently develop the same or similar technology or obtain access to the Company's proprietary technology. The Company is aware of patents issued to other entities with respect to technology potentially useful to the Company and, in some cases, related to products and processes being used or developed by the Company. The Company currently cannot assess the effect, if any, that these patents may have on its operations in the future. The extent to which efforts by other researchers resulted or will result in patents and the extent to which the issuance of patents to other entities would have a material adverse effect on the Company or would force the Company to seek licenses from such other entities currently is unknown as is the availability to the Company of licenses from such other entities, and whether, if available, such licenses can be obtained on terms acceptable to the Company. 14 15 In the cancer diagnostics area, the Company has an issued U.S. patent and a granted European patent relating to an assay the Company, in collaboration with Bayer, is seeking to develop for the detection of a protein encoded by the neu oncogene ("neu") in serum. The U.S. Patent Office has declared an interference between the Company's issued U.S. Patent and a pending patent application owned by Chiron Diagnostics Inc. ("Chiron"). In addition, Chiron has filed an opposition against the corresponding granted European patent. These legal proceedings, if not settled, could result in substantial legal expenses being incurred by the Company. Also, the Company cannot predict whether it would prevail in these proceedings. If the Company does not prevail, it may not be able to commercialize its assay for neu in serum without a license from Chiron, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. The Company is aware of several U.S. and foreign patents owned by others who may allege infringement by products, including TGF-Beta3, which the Company is seeking to develop in collaboration with a partner. Genentech has U.S. patents relating to certain recombinant materials and procedures for producing members of the TGF-Beta family, including TGF-Beta3. In addition, the Company believes that Genentech has license rights under a United States Government patent relating to work done at the National Institute of Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services involving the identification and isolation of TGF-Beta1. Furthermore, Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Celtrix") has been granted a European patent relating to TGF-Beta2. The Company believes that the currently planned development by the Company and Novartis, its collaborative partner for TGF-Beta3, involving manufacture in Europe by Novartis of TGF-Beta3 in nonmammalian cells for subsequent distribution in Europe and the United States does not infringe any valid claim of any patent owned by Genentech, by the U.S. Government or by Celtrix. The Company and Novartis have taken and continue to take such actions, including the pursuit of opposition proceedings against foreign patents, as they deem prudent to minimize the possibility of any charge of patent infringement being validly raised against Novartis or the Company based on such patents. The Company has received communications from Sibia Neuroscience, Inc. ("Sibia") in which Sibia has stated the Company's live-cell assay technology may infringe a patent issued to Sibia covering cell-based assays. The Company does not believe that it is infringing any valid claim of Sibia's patent or of any patents owned by any other third parties. However, there can be no assurance that a contrary position will not be asserted, or that, if asserted, such a position would not prevail. If a patent infringement lawsuit were brought against the Company or its licensees, the Company could incur substantial costs in defense of such a suit, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operation, regardless of whether the Company were successful in the defense. Furthermore, if Sibia (or any other third party) were to establish that the Company's assays infringe Sibia's patent (or any patent of any other third party), then the Company would be required to design non-infringing assays or take a license under Sibia's patent. There can be no assurance the Company would successfully design such assays or that such a license would be available on acceptable terms or at all. Moreover, the Company's royalties may be reduced by up to 50% if its licensees or collaborative partners are required to obtain licenses from third parties whose patent rights are infringed by the Company's products, technology or operations. COMPETITION The pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostics industries are intensely competitive. The Company faces, and will continue to face, intense competition from organizations such as large pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, diagnostic companies, academic and research institutions and government agencies. The Company is subject to significant competition from industry participants who are pursuing the same or similar technologies as those which constitute the Company's technology platform and from organizations that are pursuing pharmaceutical products or therapies or diagnostic products that are competitive with the Company's potential products. Most of the organizations competing with the Company have greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities, and greater experience in drug discovery and development, obtaining regulatory approval and pharmaceutical product manufacturing and marketing. The Company's major competitors include fully integrated pharmaceutical companies, such as Merck & Co., Inc., Glaxo Wellcome Inc. 15 16 and Smith Kline Beecham, that conduct extensive drug discovery efforts and are developing novel small molecule pharmaceuticals, as well as numerous smaller companies. The Company's technology platform consists principally of utilizing genetically engineered live cells, gene transcription technologies, high throughput drug screening, and medicinal, combinatorial and natural product chemistry. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and others are active in all of these areas. Ligand Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Aurora Biosciences, Inc., publicly owned companies, employ live-cell assays, gene transcription, and high throughput robotics in their drug discovery operations. Numerous other companies use one or more of these technologies. Several private companies, including Tularik Inc., Signal Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Scriptgen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursue drug discovery using gene transcription methods. Other organizations may acquire or develop technology superior to that of the Company. Companies pursuing different but related fields also present significant competition for the Company. For example, research efforts with respect to gene sequencing and mapping are identifying new and possibly superior target genes. In addition, alternative drug discovery strategies, such as rational drug design, may prove more effective than those pursued by the Company. Furthermore, competing entities may have access to more diverse compounds for testing by virtue of larger compound libraries or through combinatorial chemistry skills or other means. These include Pharmacopeia, Inc., CombiChem, Inc. and ArQule, Inc., all of which have major collaborations with leading pharmaceutical companies. There can be no assurance that the Company's competitors will not succeed in developing technologies or products that are more effective than those of the Company or that would render the Company's products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. With respect to the Company's small molecule drug discovery programs, other companies have potential drugs in clinical trials to treat disease areas for which the Company is seeking to discover and develop drug candidates. These competing drug candidates may be further advanced in clinical development than are any of the Company's potential products in its small molecule programs and may result in effective, commercially successful products. Even if the Company and its collaborative partners are successful in developing effective drugs, there can be no assurance that the Company's products will compete effectively with such products. No assurance can be given that the Company's competitors will not succeed in developing and marketing products that either are more effective than those that may be developed by the Company and its collaborative partners or are marketed prior to any products developed by the Company or its collaborative partners. With respect to its efforts to develop TGF-Beta3 for various indications, the Company is aware of competing growth factor proteins in clinical trials, and competing treatment regimens, for wound healing indications. Platelet derived growth factor ("PDGF") for diabetic skin ulcers, under development by Chiron Corporation and Johnson & Johnson, has completed Phase III clinical trials in the U.S. Chiron Corporation and Johnson & Johnson had filed a Product Licensing Application ("PLA") for PDGF with the FDA and in July 1997, an FDA advisory panel recommended approval. Fibroblast growth factor ("FGF") for chronic dermal ulcers, under development by Scios Nova Inc. and Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., is in Phase III clinical trials in Japan. TGF-Beta2 for leg ulcers, under development by Genzyme Corp. and Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is in Phase II clinical trials in the U.S. No assurance can be given that the Company and Novartis will successfully develop TGF-Beta3 for any indication, including wound healing. Furthermore, if any of the competing growth factor product candidates listed above or other growth factors proves to be effective for wound healing indications, there can be no assurance that any product developed by the Company will be able to compete effectively with such product or products. Other competing approaches to the treatment of chronic wounds include comprehensive service-based patient centers, which are dedicated to intensive wound management. These centers may include the use of autologous growth factor therapy, in which extracts prepared from the patient's own platelets are used to treat the wounds. Surgical intervention is also frequently employed, which may involve partial amputation and/or surgical revascularization. The use of skin grafts to treat wounds, either autografts (skin from elsewhere on the same patient) or cultured allografts, are also being investigated by several companies, including Advanced Tissues Sciences, Inc. and Organogenesis, Inc. Organogenesis, Inc. presently has an application for Apligraft(TM), a 16 17 treatment for wounds after autografting, pending premarket approval. No assurance can be given that TGF-Beta3 will prove to be effective or will compete successfully against current and emerging therapies for any particular clinical indication. The Company believes that its ability to compete successfully will be based on, among other things, its ability to create and maintain scientifically advanced technology, attract and retain scientific personnel with a broad range of expertise, obtain patent protection or otherwise develop proprietary products or processes, enter into collaborative arrangements, and, independently or with its collaborative partners, conduct clinical trials, obtain required government approvals on a timely basis, and commercialize its products. MANUFACTURING Novartis has the exclusive right to, and the Company will rely on Novartis for, the manufacture of TGF-Beta3 for all of the Company's requirements for clinical trials and commercial purposes. The Company believes that, if Novartis should fail to meet its requirements, there are other companies that could manufacture and supply TGF-Beta3, although there can be no assurance that this could be accomplished on a timely basis, or at all. The Company is, and will remain, dependent on its collaborative partners and third parties for the manufacture of all products. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to manufacture products that will meet the Company's demands for quality, quantity, cost and timeliness or otherwise contract for manufacturing capabilities on acceptable terms. The failure of the Company to successfully contract for the manufacture of products that satisfy its requirements for quality, quantity, cost and timeliness would prevent the Company from conducting preclinical testing and clinical trials and commercializing its products. MARKETING AND SALES The Company does not expect to develop significant marketing and sales capabilities. Potential therapeutic products subject to the Company's collaborative agreements with Pfizer, HMRI, Wyeth, Sankyo, BioChem Pharma, and Novartis, and potential diagnostic products under the Company's collaboration with Bayer, will be marketed by those companies worldwide. The Company will receive royalties of up to 8% on net sales of products, depending upon the nature of the product and the ownership of the underlying technology. The Company expects that products resulting from future collaborations in drug discovery and development and diagnostic product development will be marketed under arrangements which are similar to these agreements, although any collaborations established for products resulting from proprietary programs may vary significantly. GOVERNMENT REGULATION The Company and its collaborative partners are, and any potential products discovered and developed thereto, will be subject to comprehensive regulation by the FDA in the United States and by comparable authorities in other countries. These national agencies and other federal, state, and local entities regulate, among other things, the pre-clinical and clinical testing, safety, effectiveness, approval, manufacture, labeling, marketing, export, storage, record keeping, advertising, and promotion of pharmaceutical and diagnostic products. The process required by the FDA before pharmaceutical products may be approved for marketing in the United States generally involves: (i) pre-clinical laboratory and animal tests, (ii) submission to FDA of an investigational new drug application ("NDA"), which must become effective before clinical trials may begin, (iii) adequate and well controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the drug for its intended indication, (iv) submission to the FDA of an NDA or, in the case of biological products, such as TGF-Beta3, a PLA, and (v) FDA review of the NDA or PLA in order to determine, among other things, whether the drug is safe and effective for its intended uses. There is no assurance that FDA review process will result in product approval on a timely basis, if at all. 17 18 Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation of product chemistry and formulation, as well as animal studies, to assess the potential safety and efficacy of the product. Certain preclinical tests are subject to FDA regulations regarding current Good Laboratory Practices. The results of the preclinical tests are submitted to the FDA as part of an IND and are reviewed by the FDA prior to the commencement of clinical trials. Clinical trials are conducted under protocols that detail such matters as the objectives of the study, the parameters to be used to monitor safety and the efficacy criteria to be evaluated. Each protocol must be submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. Clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases, which may overlap. During Phase I, when the drug is initially given to human subjects, the product is tested for safety, dosage tolerance, absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion. Phase II involves studies in a limited patient population to: (i) evaluate preliminarily the efficacy of the product for specific, targeted indications, (ii) determine dosage tolerance and optimal dosage, and (iii) identify possible adverse effects and safety risks. Pivotal or Phase III trials are undertaken in order to further evaluate clinical efficacy and to further test for safety within an expanded patient population. The FDA may suspend or terminate clinical trials at any point in this process if it concludes that clinical subjects are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. FDA approval of the Company's and its collaborators' products, including a review of the manufacturing processes and facilities used to produce such products, will be required before such products may be marketed in the United States. The process of obtaining approvals from the FDA can be costly, time consuming and subject to unanticipated delays. There can be no assurance that approvals of the Company's proposed products, processes or facilities will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. Any failure to obtain or delay in obtaining such approvals would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, even if regulatory approval is granted, such approval may include significant limitations on indicated uses for which a product could be marketed. Among the conditions for NDA approval is the requirement that the prospective manufacturer's manufacturing procedures conform to Good Manufacturing Practices ("GMP") requirements, which must be followed at all times. In complying with those requirements, manufacturers (including a drug sponsor's third-party contract manufacturers) must continue to expend time, money and effort in the area of production and quality control to ensure compliance. Domestic manufacturing establishments are subject to periodic inspections by the FDA in order to assess, among other things, GMP compliance. To supply products for use in the United States, foreign manufacturing establishments must comply with GMP and are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA or by regulatory authorities in certain countries under reciprocal agreements with the FDA. Both before and after approval is obtained, a product, its manufacturer and the holder of the NDA for the product are subject to comprehensive regulatory oversight. Violations of regulatory requirements at any stage, including the preclinical and clinical testing process, the approval process, or thereafter (including after approval) may result in various adverse consequences, including the FDA's delay in approving or refusal to approve a product, withdrawal of an approved product from the market, and the imposition of criminal penalties against the manufacturer and NDA holder. In addition, later discovery of previously unknown problems may result in restrictions on such product, manufacturer or NDA holder, including withdrawal of the product from the market. Also, new government requirements may be established that could delay or prevent regulatory approval of the Company's products under development. For marketing outside the United States, the Company and its collaborators and the drugs developed thereby, if any, will be subject to foreign regulatory requirements governing human clinical trials and marketing approval for drugs and diagnostic products. The requirements governing the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary widely from country to country. In addition, before a new drug may be exported from the United States, it must be the subject of an approved NDA or comply with FDA regulations pertaining to INDs. 18 19 In addition to regulations enforced by the FDA, the Company also is subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and other present and future federal, state or local regulations. The Company's research and development involves the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and various radioactive compounds. Although the Company believes that its safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the standards prescribed by state and federal regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of such an accident, the Company could be held liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed the resources of the Company. Diagnostic tests undergo different FDA review processes depending whether they are classified as "biologicals" or "medical devices." For medical devices, a 510(k) application (for a product substantially equivalent to a product already on the market) or a premarket approval application (generally, a new product or method that is not substantially equivalent to an existing product) must be filed with, and approved by, the FDA prior to commercialization. Obtaining premarket approval is a costly and time-consuming process, comparable to that for new drugs. There can be no assurance that the Company's cancer diagnostic product candidates will be submitted for regulatory approval, or if submitted, that the Company would not be required to seek premarket approval as opposed to filing a 510(k) application. EMPLOYEES The Company believes that its success is largely dependent upon its ability to attract and retain qualified personnel in scientific and technical fields. As of September 30, 1997, the Company employed 156 persons worldwide (128 in the United States), of whom 130 were primarily involved in research and development activities, with the remainder engaged in executive and administrative capacities. Although the Company believes that it has been successful to date in attracting skilled and experienced scientific personnel, competition for such personnel is intense and there can be no assurance that the Company will continue to be able to attract and retain personnel of high scientific caliber. The Company considers its employee relations to be good. 19 20 ITEM 2. PROPERTIES The Company leases a 30,000 square foot facility located at 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard, Uniondale, New York. This facility houses the Company's principal executive offices and drug discovery laboratory. The Company also leases an 11,000 square foot facility located at 80 Rogers Street/129 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts. This facility contains the offices and laboratories of the Company's diagnostic product operations. The Company also has two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Aston Molecules Ltd. and MYCOsearch, Inc., each of which lease facilities which house their offices and drug discovery laboratories. Aston Molecules Ltd. leases a 9,689 square foot facility located at 10 Holt Court, Aston Science Park, Birmingham, England. MYCOsearch, Inc. leases two facilities, one located at Five Oaks Office Park, 4905 Pine Cone Drive, Durham, North Carolina consisting of 4,280 square feet and the other located at 4727 University Drive, Durham, North Carolina consisting of 8,000 square feet. The Company believes that its facilities will be adequate to meet current requirements for the foreseeable future. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS There are no material legal proceedings pending against the Company. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of fiscal 1997. 20 21 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The Company's common stock is traded in the over-the-counter market and is included for quotation on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol OSIP. The following is the range of high and low sales prices by quarter for the Company's common stock from the first quarter of fiscal 1996 through September 30, 1997 as reported on the NASDAQ National Market:
1997 FISCAL YEAR HIGH LOW ---------------- ---- --- First Quarter........................................................... $9 $6-1/4 Second Quarter.......................................................... 7-7/8 5-5/8 Third Quarter........................................................... 6-15/16 4-3/4 Fourth Quarter.......................................................... 11-3/4 5-5/8 1996 FISCAL YEAR HIGH LOW ---------------- ---- --- First Quarter .......................................................... $10-3/4 $5 Second Quarter.......................................................... 11-1/8 8 Third Quarter........................................................... 12-1/2 8-7/8 Fourth Quarter.......................................................... 10-1/2 7-1/8
As of November 30, 1997, there were approximately 659 holders of record of the Company's common stock. The Company has not paid any dividends since its inception and does not intend to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Declaration of dividends will depend, among other things, upon future earnings, the operating and financial condition of the Company, its capital requirements and general business conditions. RECENT SALE OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES Pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, on March 18, 1997, the Company issued 352,162 shares of its common stock to The Dow Chemical Company. For a description of the transaction, see "Business-OSI's Technology Platform-Diverse Compound Libraries." 21 22 ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA The following table sets forth selected consolidated financial data with respect to the Company for each of the years in the five-year period ended September 30, 1997. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere herein.
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1997(a) 1996(b) 1995(c) 1994(d) 1993(e) ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Statement of Operations Data: Revenues $14,777,323 $9,718,437 $15,864,999 $16,299,489 $16,088,021 Expenses: Research and development 16,896,617 13,918,968 13,523,043 12,125,210 10,659,806 Production 635,768 134,529 1,252,990 1,427,981 1,443,649 Selling, general and administrative 7,424,265 6,314,697 7,140,208 7,487,090 6,429,701 Amortization of intangibles 1,460,748 1,452,755 1,696,561 1,745,163 1,745,713 Loss from operations (11,640,075) (12,102,512) (7,747,803) (6,485,955) (4,190,848) Other income, net 2,053,838 2,160,377 768,744 762,031 884,806 Gain on sale of Research Products Business -- - 2,720,389 -- -- Net loss (9,586,237) (9,942,135) (4,258,670) (5,723,924) (3,306,042) Net loss per share (0.44) (0.50) (0.25) (0.35) (0.21) Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding 21,604,344 19,712,274 16,757,370 16,335,000 16,080,000
SEPTEMBER 30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Balance Sheet Data: Cash and short-term investments $31,834,669 $47,542,745 $26,786,566 $18,157,891 $22,390,454 Accounts receivable 1,215,672 2,031,950 1,320,015 3,032,839 3,146,990 Working capital 29,612,616 47,181,407 26,127,781 21,208,145 25,914,827 Total assets 59,585,565 73,537,054 44,057,421 42,040,900 47,614,538 Stockholders' equity 52,944,868 68,286,959 40,549,636 38,656,314 45,044,603
- ---------- (a) During fiscal 1997, the Company entered into collaborative agreements with Sankyo and Bayer, expanded its collaboration with HMRI, entered into co-venture agreements with Sepracor and Helicon, entered into a license agreement with Dow, and repurchased its common stock held by Becton (See Notes 2(d), 5 and 9(a) to the Consolidated Financial Statements). (b) During fiscal 1996, the Company acquired MYCOsearch and Aston and completed an offering of its common stock (See Notes 2 and 9(b) to the Consolidated Financial Statements). (c) During fiscal 1995, the Company sold its Research Products Business and also sold shares of its common stock to Novartis (See Notes 4 and 9(e) to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 22 23 (d) During fiscal 1994, the Company changed its method of accounting for marketable securities to adopt the provisions of the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities". (e) During fiscal 1993, the Company entered into collaborative agreements with MMDI and Hoechst and also sold shares of its common stock to MMDI (See Note 5(b) to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 23 24 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS REVENUES Total revenues of $14.8 million in fiscal 1997 increased approximately $5.1 million or 52% compared to fiscal 1996 and total revenues of $9.7 million in fiscal 1996 decreased approximately $6.1 million or 39% compared to fiscal 1995. Collaborative program revenues increased approximately $3.9 million or 46%, in fiscal year 1997 due to new collaborative research and license agreements with each of: (1) Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. ("HMRI"), to develop orally active, small molecule drugs for the treatment of chronic anemia; (2) Sankyo Company, Ltd. ("Sankyo") of Japan to discover and develop novel pharmaceutical products to treat influenza; and (3) Bayer Corporation ("Bayer") for the continuing development of serum-based cancer diagnostics. Included in the revenue was a $1.0 million initiation fee from HMRI in connection with the chronic anemia program, which was recorded in the quarter ended March 31, 1997. The increase in revenues was partially offset by a decrease in revenues related to the completion on December 31, 1996 of the funded discovery phase of the Company's collaborative program with Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories ("Wyeth") relating to the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of diabetes and osteoporosis and the completion on September 30, 1996 of the funded collaboration with Becton, Dickinson and Company ("Becton") relating to the development of serum-based cancer diagnostics. Sales revenues, representing primarily service revenue from the pharmaceutical division of the Company's Aston Molecules Ltd. ("Aston") subsidiary and sales of research products increased approximately $1.1 million or 1008%. The increase was primarily due to the inclusion of the service revenues of Aston, which the Company acquired in September 1996. Aston's service business is supplemental to the Company's internal medicinal chemistry operations. Other research revenues, representing primarily government and other research grants, increased approximately $143,000 or 11%. The increase was primarily due to the inclusion of a muscular dystrophy grant from the French Muscular Dystrophy Association. The decrease in total revenues of approximately $6.1 million in fiscal 1996 compared to fiscal 1995 was attributable to the sale of the Company's Research Products Business in August 1995. Accordingly, there were no significant sales of research products recorded after this date. Approximately $4.2 million of the decrease in total revenues in fiscal 1996 was attributable to the sale of the Research Products Business in fiscal 1995. Collaborative program revenues decreased by approximately $1.3 million or 14% in fiscal 1996 largely due to a reduction in revenue under the collaboration agreement with HMRI, as compared to the total revenue in the prior year's periods from Marion Merrell Dow Inc. ("MMDI"), Hoechst Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Hoechst Roussel") and Hoechst AG ("Hoechst") as well as a reduction in the funding under the Becton collaboration due to a narrowing of scope in that program. The balance of the decrease represents changes in the timing and amount of grant awards. EXPENSES Research and development expenses increased by approximately $3.0 million or 21% in fiscal 1997 compared to fiscal 1996 and increased by approximately $396,000 or 3% in fiscal 1996 compared to fiscal 1995. The increase in fiscal 1997 was due to the expansion of the Company's joint ventures with BioChem Pharma (International) Inc. ("BioChem Pharma") and Anaderm Corporation, and the new collaborative agreements with Sankyo and HMRI. Although the Company incurred expense in connection with its serum-based cancer diagnostics collaboration with Bayer, these expenses generally were offset (relative to the comparable periods in the prior fiscal year) by the elimination of expenditures with respect to (i) the Company's former tissue-based cancer diagnostics collaboration with Becton, which expired on September 30, 1996 and (ii) the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of diabetes and osteoporosis by Wyeth which was competed December 31, 1996. Also contributing to the increase in expenses were costs associated with the expansion of the Company's natural products discovery and medicinal chemistry operations at its MYCOsearch, Inc. ("MYCOsearch") and Aston subsidiaries. The Company acquired MYCOsearch in April 1996. In addition, research and development expenses included the amortization of the Company's compound library assets which increased by approximately $1.1 million in fiscal 1997 reflecting a full year of amortization of the fungi cultures acquired in April 1996 upon the acquisition of MYCOsearch. 24 25 The increase in fiscal 1996 was due to an increase in expenditures in the Company's joint venture with Biochem Pharma, and its technology development programs as well as additional amortization expense on the newly acquired MYCOsearch assets. These increases were partially offset by reductions in expenditures in the collaborative programs, primarily with HMRI. Production and service costs increased approximately $501,000 in fiscal 1997, and decreased approximately $1,118,000 in fiscal 1996. The increase in fiscal 1997 was due to the acquisition of Aston's pharmaceutical development business. The decrease in fiscal 1996 was due to the Company's sale of the Research Products Business. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased approximately $1.1 million or 18% in fiscal 1997 compared to fiscal 1996. These increases were primarily related to the expenses associated with the Company's corporate development activities and the general and administrative costs associated with the expansion of the Company's recently acquired subsidiaries. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased approximately $826,000 or 12% in fiscal 1996 compared to fiscal 1995. This decrease reflected the reduction in sales and marketing expenses due to the sale of the Company's Research Products Business, partially offset by increases in expenses related to corporate development activities. Amortization of intangibles in fiscal 1997, 1996, and 1995 represents amortization of patents and goodwill that resulted from the acquisition of the cancer diagnostics business of Applied bioTechnology in fiscal 1991 and Aston in fiscal 1996. The decrease in amortization expense in fiscal 1996 is due to the portion of goodwill which was expensed in connection with the sale of the Company's Research Products Business. The goodwill related to Applied bioTechnology approximated $686,000 per annum and was fully amortized as of September 1996. Amortization expense in fiscal 1997 includes the first year of amortization of the goodwill from the acquisition of Aston totaling $694,000. OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSE Net investment income decreased approximately $70,000 or 3% for fiscal 1997 compared to fiscal 1996, This decrease was a result of the decline in principal balance invested. Net investment income increased approximately $1.3 million or 159% for fiscal 1996 compared to fiscal 1995. This increase was largely due to investment of the proceeds from the Company's public offering of common stock in April 1996. Net proceeds from the offering (along with the concurrent sale of 500,000 shares directly to BioChem Pharma) were approximately $30.3 million. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES At September 30, 1997, working capital (representing primarily cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments) aggregated approximately $29.6 million. The Company is dependent upon collaborative research revenues, government research grants, interest income and cash balances, and will remain so until products developed from its technology are successfully commercialized. The Company believes that with the funding from its collaborative research programs, government research grants, interest income, and cash balances, its financial resources are adequate for its operations for approximately the next four years based on its current business plan even if no milestone payments or royalties are received during this period. However, the Company's capital requirements may vary as a result of a number of factors, including, but not limited to, competitive and technological developments, funds required for further expansion or enhancement of the Company's technology platform, (including possible additional joint ventures, collaborations and acquisitions), potential milestone payments, and the time and expense required to obtain governmental approval of products, some of which factors are beyond the Company's control. One of the Company's strategic objectives is to manage its financial resources and the growth of its drug discovery and development programs so as to balance its proprietary efforts and co-ventures with its funded 25 26 collaborations. In pursuing this objective, the Company in fiscal 1997 has expanded the scope of its discovery and development activities without significantly increasing its rate of cash consumption. An example of this was the conversion of the Company's chronic anemia program from an exclusively proprietary effort to a funded collaboration with HMRI in the second quarter of fiscal 1997. This made additional resources formerly allocated to the proprietary chronic anemia program available for other proprietary programs and co-ventures without requiring an increase in the rate of cash consumption. The Company expects to continue its current level of expenditures and capital investment over the next several years to enhance its drug discovery technologies, pursue internal proprietary drug discovery programs, and to commit resources to co-ventures with pharmaceutical companies. Examples of the Company's co-ventures with pharmaceutical companies include the formation of Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. in July 1997 with Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Roche, the formation of Anaderm Corporation in April 1996 with Pfizer. and New York University, the Company's co-ventures with BioChem Pharma, which commenced in May 1996, and with Sepracor, Inc., which commenced in March 1997. Generally the Company expects to commit greater resources to such programs in exchange for greater commercialization rights, as compared to its traditional collaborative research programs in which the Company receives research funding and royalties on sales of commercialized products. If the developmental activities on which one or more of these ventures are focused are successful, then the Company will be required to make substantial additional capital investment in such venture(s) in order to maintain its percentage participation. There can be no assurance that scheduled payments will be made by third parties, that current agreements will not be canceled, that government research grants will continue to be received at current levels, that milestone payments will be made, or that unanticipated events requiring the expenditure of funds will not occur. Further, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain any additional required funds on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to obtain additional funds when required would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS A number of the matters and subject areas discussed in this Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in Item 1 "Business" and elsewhere in this report that are not historical or current facts deal with potential future circumstances and developments. The discussion of such matters and subject areas is qualified by the inherent risks and uncertainties surrounding future expectations generally, and such discussion may materially differ from the Company's actual future experience involving any one or more of such matters and subject areas. These forward looking statements are also subject generally to the other risks and uncertainties that are described in Exhibit 99 to this report. 26 27 ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Index to Consolidated Financial Statements:
PAGE NUMBER ------ Independent Auditors' Report............................................................... 28 Consolidated Balance Sheets -- September 30, 1997 and 1996................................. 29 Consolidated Statements of Operations -- Years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995..................................................................... 30 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity -- Years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995....................................................... 31 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995..................................................................... 32 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................................. 33
27 28 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT The Stockholders and Board of Directors OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.): We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of September 30, 1997 and 1996, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 1997. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.) and subsidiaries at September 30, 1997 and 1996, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 1997 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP Jericho, New York December 5, 1997 28 29 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS SEPTEMBER 30, 1997 AND 1996
1997 1996 ---- ---- ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents ......................................................... $ 8,636,634 $ 13,409,866 Short-term investments ............................................................ 23,198,035 34,132,879 Receivables, including trade receivables of $350,100 and $215,201 at September 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively ................................... 1,215,672 2,031,950 Interest receivable ............................................................... 475,800 480,050 Grants receivable ................................................................. 179,740 331,014 Prepaid expenses and other ........................................................ 820,151 623,827 ------------- ------------- Total current assets ...................................................... 34,526,032 51,009,586 ------------- ------------- Property, equipment and leasehold improvements -- net .............................. 7,752,286 6,495,112 Compound library assets - net ...................................................... 6,800,406 5,048,584 Loans to officers and employees .................................................... 34,317 37,342 Other assets ....................................................................... 1,287,782 300,949 Intangible assets -- net ........................................................... 9,184,742 10,645,481 ------------- ------------- $ 59,585,565 $ 73,537,054 ============= ============= LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses ............................................. $ 4,180,039 $ 3,686,638 Current portion of unearned revenue ............................................... 733,377 141,541 ------------- ------------- Total current liabilities ................................................. 4,913,416 3,828,179 ------------- ------------- Other liabilities: Long-term portion of unearned revenue ............................................. -- 104,497 Loan payable ...................................................................... 151,985 83,244 Deferred acquisition costs ........................................................ 630,796 590,675 Accrued postretirement benefit cost ............................................... 944,500 643,500 ------------- ------------- Total liabilities ......................................................... 6,640,697 5,250,095 ------------- ------------- Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, 22,262,220 shares issued at September 30, 1997 and 22,175,214 shares issued at September 30, 1996 222,622 221,752 Additional paid-in capital ........................................................ 104,864,056 104,347,231 Accumulated deficit ............................................................... (45,657,713) (36,071,476) Cumulative translation adjustments ................................................ (101,531) (5,355) Unrealized holding loss on short-term investments .................................. (97,700) (205,193) ------------- ------------- 59,229,734 68,286,959 Less: treasury stock, at cost; 897,838 shares at September 30, 1997 ................ (6,284,866) -- ------------- ------------- Total stockholders' equity ................................................ 52,944,868 68,286,959 ------------- ------------- Commitments and contingencies ...................................................... $ 59,585,565 $ 73,537,054 ============= =============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 29 30 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, --------------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 ---- ---- ---- Revenues: Collaborative program revenues, principally from related parties .......................................... $ 12,200,801 $ 8,347,560 $ 9,685,856 Sales ...................................................... 1,167,604 105,356 4,286,540 Other research revenue ..................................... 1,408,918 1,265,521 1,892,603 ------------ ------------ ------------ 14,777,323 9,718,437 15,864,999 ------------ ------------ ------------ Expenses: Research and development ................................... 16,896,617 13,918,968 13,523,043 Production and service costs ............................... 635,768 134,529 1,252,990 Selling, general and administrative ........................ 7,424,265 6,314,697 7,140,208 Amortization of intangibles ................................ 1,460,748 1,452,755 1,696,561 ------------ ------------ ------------ 26,417,398 21,820,949 23,612,802 ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss from operations ................................ (11,640,075) (12,102,512) (7,747,803) ------------ ------------ ------------ Other income (expense): Net investment income ....................................... 2,092,331 2,162,294 834,830 Other expense-net ........................................... (38,493) (1,917) (66,086) Gain on sale of Research Products Business .................. -- -- 2,720,389 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss ..................................................... $ (9,586,237) $ (9,942,135) $ (4,258,670) ------------ ------------ ------------ Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding ................................................ 21,604,344 19,712,274 16,757,370 ============ ============ ============ Net loss per weighted average share of common stock outstanding ................................................ $ (.44) $ (.50) $ (.25) ============ ============ ============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 30 31 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995
COMMON STOCK ------------ ADDITIONAL CUMULATIVE PAID-IN ACCUMULATED TRANSLATION SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL DEFICIT ADJUSTMENT ------ ------ ------- ------- ---------- Balance at September 30, 1994.. 16,564,715 $ 165,647 $61,199,670 $(21,870,671) $ (41,773) Options exercised.............. 206,025 2,060 571,408 -- -- Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ 3,216 32 10,523 -- -- Unrealized holding gain on short-term investments........ -- -- -- -- -- Sale of common stock to Novartis................... 909,091 9,091 4,953,774 -- -- Translation adjustment......... -- -- -- -- (13,896) Net loss....................... -- -- -- (4,258,670) -- ---------- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- Balance at September 30, 1995.. 17,683,047 176,830 66,735,375 (26,129,341) (55,669) Options exercised.............. 491,544 4,915 1,640,653 -- -- Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ 3,860 39 10,214 -- -- Unrealized holding loss on short-term investments........ -- -- -- -- -- Sale of common stock........... 3,618,750 36,188 30,293,757 -- -- Issuance of common stock and treasury stock for acquisitions......... 378,013 3,780 5,667,232 -- -- Translation adjustment......... -- -- -- -- 50,314 Net loss....................... -- -- -- (9,942,135) -- ---------- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- Balance at September 30, 1996.. 22,175,214 221,752 104,347,231 (36,071,476) (5,355) Options exercised.............. 74,618 746 407,503 -- -- Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ 12,388 124 74,456 -- -- Unrealized holding gain on short-term investments........ -- -- -- -- -- Purchase of treasury stock..... -- -- -- -- -- Issuance of treasury stock for Dow Compound Library License...... -- -- 34,866 -- -- Translation adjustment......... -- -- -- -- (96,176) Net loss....................... -- -- -- (9,586,237) -- ---------- -------- ------------ ------------ --------- Balance at September 30, 1997 22,262,220 $222,622 $104,864,056 $(45,657,713) $(101,531) ========== ======== ============ ============ =========
UNREALIZED HOLDING LOSS ON TOTAL SHORT-TERM TREASURY STOCKHOLDERS' INVESTMENTS STOCK EQUITY ----------- ----- ------ Balance at September 30, 1994.. $ (654,000) $ (142,559) $38,656,314 Options exercised.............. -- -- 573,468 Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ -- -- 10,555 Unrealized holding gain on short-term investments........ 619,000 -- 619,000 Sale of common stock to Novartis................... -- -- 4,962,865 Translation adjustment......... -- -- (13,896) Net loss....................... -- -- (4,258,670) ----------- ----------- ---------- Balance at September 30, 1995.. (35,000) (142,559) 40,549,636 Options exercised.............. -- -- 1,645,568 Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ -- -- 10,253 Unrealized holding loss on short-term investments........ (170,193) -- (170,193) Sale of common stock........... -- -- 30,329,945 Issuance of common stock and treasury stock for acquisitions......... -- 142,559 5,813,571 Translation adjustment......... -- -- 50,314 Net loss....................... -- -- (9,942,135) ----------- ----------- ---------- Balance at September 30, 1996.. (205,193) -- 68,286,959 Options exercised.............. -- -- 408,249 Issuance of common stock for employee purchase plan........ -- -- 74,580 Unrealized holding gain on short-term investments........ 107,493 -- 107,493 Purchase of treasury stock..... -- (8,750,000) (8,750,000) Issuance of treasury stock for Dow Compound Library License.. -- 2,465,134 2,500,000 Translation adjustment......... -- -- (96,176) Net loss....................... -- -- (9,586,237) ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at September 30, 1997 $(97,700) $(6,284,866) $52,944,868 =========== =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 31 32 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, --------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 ---- ---- ---- Cash flow from operating activities: Net loss ............................................................... $ (9,586,237) $ (9,942,135) $ (4,258,670) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Gain on sale of Research Products Business ............................ -- -- (2,720,389) (Gain) loss on sale of investments .................................... 36,523 (33,305) 118,141 Depreciation and amortization .......................................... 1,518,751 1,837,873 1,037,044 Amortization of library assets ......................................... 1,101,509 458,962 -- Amortization of intangibles ............................................ 1,460,739 1,452,755 1,696,561 Amortization of warrants ............................................... 40,121 -- -- Cashless exercise of stock options ..................................... 126,600 -- -- Foreign exchange (gain) loss ........................................... (96,176) 50,314 (13,896) Changes in assets and liabilities, net of the effects of the sale of the Research Products Business and acquisitions of MYCOsearch and Aston Molecules: Receivables ......................................................... 816,278 (412,935) 1,605,217 Inventory ........................................................... -- -- 216,405 Interest receivable ................................................. 4,250 (434,787) 101,959 Grants receivable ................................................... 151,274 102,516 226,091 Prepaid expenses and other .......................................... (196,324) (105,677) (196,491) Other receivable .................................................... -- 262,703 162,817 Other assets ........................................................ (72,514) (108,949) (15,622) Accounts payable and accrued expenses ............................... 493,401 391,857 (586,276) Unearned revenue .................................................... 487,339 (69,842) (358,092) Accrued postretirement benefit cost ................................. 301,000 277,297 177,760 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash used by operating activities .................................. (3,413,466) (6,273,353) (2,776,197) ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from investing activities: Additions to short-term investments ................................. (4,019,935) (37,216,936) (3,723,180) Maturities and sales of short-term investments ...................... 15,025,749 11,814,126 13,192,665 Change in other assets .............................................. (914,319) 150,000 (250,000) Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements ......... (2,775,925) (2,421,040) (403,275) Additions to compound library assets ................................ (353,332) -- -- Payments for acquisition of MYCOsearch .............................. -- (1,889,960) -- Payments for acquisition of Aston Molecules ......................... (635,441) Net change in loans to officers and employees ....................... 3,025 (11,826) 10,400 Proceeds from sale of Research Products Business .................... -- -- 6,000,000 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ................. 6,965,263 (30,211,077) 14,826,610 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net ......................... -- 30,329,945 4,962,865 Purchase of treasury stock .......................................... (8,750,000) -- -- Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee stock stock purchase plan ................................................ 356,230 1,655,821 584,023 Net change in loan payable .......................................... 68,741 (11,079) -- ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities .................... (8,325.029) 31,974,687 5,546,888 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ................... (4,773,232) (4,509,743) 17,597,301 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ......................... 13,409,866 17,919,609 322,308 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ............................... $ 8,636,634 $ 13,409,866 $ 17,919,609 ============ ============ ============ Non-cash activities: Issuance of common stock, treasury stock and warrants for acquisition of MYCOsearch and Aston Molecules ...................................... -- $ 5,816,736 -- ============ ============ ============ Liabilities assumed from acquisition of MYCOsearch and Aston Molecules -- $ 563,402 -- ============ ============ ============ Deferred purchase obligation incurred for acquisition of Aston Molecules -- $ 590,675 -- ============ ============ ============ Issuance of treasury stock for acquisition of Dow Compound Library License ........................................... $ 2,500,000 -- -- ============ ============ ============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 32 33 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (a) Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., known as Oncogene Science, Inc. prior to October 1, 1997, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries Applied bioTechnology, Inc., MYCOsearch, Inc. ("MYCOsearch") and Aston Molecules Ltd. ("Aston"). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The Company utilizes a platform of proprietary technologies in order to discover and develop novel, small molecule compounds for the treatment of major human diseases. It conducts the full range of drug discovery activities, from target identification to drug candidate. (b) Revenue Recognition Collaborative research revenues represent funding arrangements for the conduct of research and development ("R&D") in the field of biotechnology and are recognized when earned in accordance with the terms of the contracts and the related development activities undertaken. Other research revenues are recognized pursuant to the terms of grants which provide reimbursement of certain expenses related to the Company's other R&D activities. Collaborative and other research revenues are accrued for expenses incurred in advance of the reimbursement and deferred for cash payments received in advance of expenditures. Such deferred revenues are recorded as revenue when earned. (See Note 5) Revenue from the sale of diagnostic and research reagent products is recognized at time of shipment. Revenues from the performance of chemistry services provided by Aston are recognized when performed. (c) Patents and Goodwill As a result of the Company's research and development programs, including programs funded pursuant to the research and development funding agreements (See Note 5), the Company has applied for a number of patents in the United States and abroad. Such patent rights are of significant importance to the Company to protect products and processes developed. Costs incurred in connection with patent applications for the Company's research and development programs have been expensed as incurred. Patents and goodwill acquired in connection with the acquisition of Applied bioTechnology's cancer business in October 1991 have been capitalized and are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lives of the respective patents, and over five years for goodwill. The goodwill acquired in connection with the acquisition of Aston in September 1996 is being amortized on a straight-line basis over five years (See Note 2). The Company continually evaluates the recoverability of its intangible assets by assessing whether the unamortized value can be recovered through expected future results. (d) Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred and include direct costs of research scientists and equipment and an allocation of laboratory facility and central service. In fiscal years 1997, 1996, and 1995, R&D activities include approximately $5,052,000, $6,365,000 and $5,696,000 of independent R&D, respectively. Independent R&D represents those research and development activities, including research and development activities funded by government research grants, substantially all the rights to which the Company will retain. The balance of research and development represents expenses under the collaborative agreements and co-ventures with Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer"), Becton Dickinson and Co. ("Becton"), Wyeth-Ayerst, a division of American Home Products ("Wyeth"), Marion Merrell Dow Inc. ("Marion"), Hoechst AG, Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Hoechst Roussel"), BioChem Pharma International, Inc. ("BioChem Pharma"), and Novartis-Pharma AG, Ltd. ("Novartis"), Sankyo Company, LTD. ("Sankyo"), Bayer AG ("Bayer"), Sepracor, Inc. ("Sepracor"), Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. ("Helicon"), and Anaderm Research Co. ("Anaderm"). On July 18, 1995, Marion, Hoechst AG and Hoechst-Roussel merged forming a new company named Hoechst Marion Roussel Inc. ("HMRI"). 33 34 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (e) Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation of equipment is provided over the estimated useful lives of the respective asset groups on a straight-line basis. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful lives or the remaining term of their lease. Amortization of the fungi cultures acquired in connection with the acquisition of MYCOsearch (See Note 2(a)), and amortization of the Dow Compound Library License (See Note 2(d)) are on a straight line basis over five years, which represents the estimated period over which the fungi cultures and compounds will be used in the Company's R&D efforts. (f) Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. (g) Investments Investment securities at September 30, 1997 and 1996 consist of U.S. Treasury obligations and corporate debt securities. The Company classifies its investments as available for sale. These securities are recorded at their fair value. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity until realized. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities are determined on a specific identification basis. A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed to be other than temporary results in a reduction in carrying amount to fair value. The impairment is charged to earnings and a new cost basis for the security is established. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted over the life of the related held-to-maturity security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. Dividend and interest income are recognized when earned. (h) Loss Per Share Loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Common share equivalents (stock options) are not included in the computation since their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. (i) Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company includes as cash equivalents reverse repurchase agreements, treasury bills, and other time deposits with original maturities of three months or less. (j) Use of Estimates Management of the Company has made a number of estimates and assumptions relative to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 34 35 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (2) ACQUISITIONS (a) MYCOsearch, Inc. On April 11, 1996, the Company acquired all the outstanding shares of MYCOsearch, a privately owned company, that specializes in the collection of fungi cultures and the development of extracts derived therefrom. On the date of the acquisition, MYCOsearch became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Prior to the acquisition, the Company had purchased extracts and certain services from MYCOsearch. Such expenses totaled $301,000, and $571,000 in fiscal 1996 (through April 11, 1996) and fiscal 1995, respectively, which are included in research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The purchase price paid by the Company to the shareholders of MYCOsearch consisted of $1.75 million in cash, $2.95 million in common stock of the Company (316,553 shares at $9.319 per share, of which 222,521 shares represented the reissuance of shares held in treasury), and warrants to purchase 100,000 shares of the Company's stock at $9.319 per share, valued at $483,000. The warrants are exercisable for a three-year period starting on April 11, 1998. The Company also incurred other direct costs totaling approximately $137,000 in connection with the acquisition resulting in a total purchase price of $5.3 million. The acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, and, accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets purchased and the liabilities assumed based on the fair values at the date of acquisition. The purchase price was allocated as follows (in thousands): Fungi cultures $5,508 Fixed assets 21 Other assets 16 Other liabilities (225) ----- Purchase price $5,320 ====== The fungi cultures contain natural chemical structures that will be tested against target proteins using the Company's drug screens. The Company is amortizing the fungi cultures on a straight-line basis over a five-year period and will continually evaluate the recoverability of this asset based on the results of its testing. Amortization of the fungi cultures totaling $1,102,000 and $459,000 for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively, is reflected as research and development expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. (b) Aston Molecules Ltd. On September 19, 1996, the Company completed the acquisition of all the outstanding capital stock of Aston Molecules Ltd. ("Aston"), a privately held United Kingdom company. On the date of the acquisition, Aston became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Its operations and personnel will be maintained at its present site in Birmingham, UK. The consideration paid for Aston included 283,981 shares of the Company's common stock having a fair market value of approximately $2.4 million. In addition, the Company also issued rights exercisable at the end of three and five years following the closing date (for an aggregate exercise price of $7,500) to obtain a number of shares of the Company's common stock having an aggregate value of $750,000 (based on the then current market value). The present value of this additional consideration of $630,796 and $590,675 is reflected as deferred acquisition costs in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Other direct costs of the acquisition approximated $635,000 resulting in a total acquisition cost of $3.6 million. 35 36 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 The acquisition has been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, and, accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets purchased and the liabilities assumed based on the fair values at the date of acquisition. The purchase price was allocated as follows (in thousands): Goodwill $3,468 Fixed assets 181 Other assets 299 Other liabilities (338) ----- Purchase price $3,610 ======
The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a five year period. Prior to the acquisition, the Company purchased certain chemistry services from Aston. Such expenses totaled $879,000, and $302,000 in fiscal 1996 (through September 19, 1996) and fiscal 1995, respectively, which are included in research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Concurrent with the acquisition, the Company entered into employment agreements with certain of Aston's executives and scientific personnel and granted stock options covering an aggregate of 125,000 shares of its common stock to such persons. The exercise price of $8.51 per share was based on the fair market value of the Company's stock on the date of the grant. (c) Pro Forma Information (Unaudited) The operating results of MYCOsearch and Aston have been included in the consolidated statements of operations from the respective dates of the acquisitions. The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of consolidated results of operations for the years ended September 30, 1996 and 1995 assuming the acquisitions had taken place as of October 1, 1995 and 1994, respectively.
1996 1995 ---- ---- Revenues......................................... $10,566,000 $17,130,000 Net loss......................................... (12,108,000) (6,213,000) Net loss per share............................... (.61) (.36)
The pro forma results give effect to the amortization of the fungi cultures and goodwill; elimination of intercompany sales; reduction of investment income; and an increase in the number of common shares outstanding. The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations as they would have been had the acquisitions been affected on the assumed dates. (d) Compound Library License On March 18, 1997, the Company entered into a license agreement with The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") giving the Company exclusive worldwide rights to use more than 140,000 compounds for screening and potential development of small molecule drugs and cosmeceuticals. The initial payment for the license was 352,162 shares of the Company's common stock with a fair market value of approximately $2,500,000. Dow is also entitled to royalty payments from any new drug products that may result from the screening of the compound library. The common stock issued to Dow was from the shares held in treasury. The Company will amortize the license agreement cost on a straight-line basis over a five-year period, which represents the estimated period over which the compounds will be used in the Company's research and development efforts. Since the Company has not conducted significant research utilizing these compounds during fiscal 1997, the Company will begin amortizing the license agreement cost in October 1997. 36 37 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (3) INVESTMENTS The Company invests its excess cash in U.S. Government securities and debt instruments of financial institutions and corporations with strong credit ratings. The Company has established guidelines relative to diversification of its investments and their maturities that should maintain safety and liquidity. These guidelines are periodically reviewed and modified to take advantage of trends in yields and interest rates. The Company uses the specific identification method to determine the cost of securities sold. The following is a summary of available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 1997 and 1996:
GROSS UNREALIZED 1997 COST (LOSSES) GAINS FAIR VALUE ---- ---- -------------- ---------- US Treasury Securities and obligations of US Government agencies ................................ $14,869,695 $(126,253) $14,743,442 Corporate debt securities ............................... 8,426,040 28,553 8,454,593 ----------- --------- ----------- Total ......................................... $23,295,735 $ (97,700) $23,198,035 =========== ========= ===========
GROSS UNREALIZED 1996 COST (LOSSES) GAINS FAIR VALUE ---- ---- -------------- ---------- US Treasury Securities and obligations of US Government agencies......................... $22,212,207 $(218,842) $21,993,365 Corporate debt securities........................ 12,125,865 13,649 12,139,514 ----------- --------- ----------- Total.................................. $34,338,072 $(205,193) $34,132,879 =========== ========= ===========
Net realized losses on sales of investments during fiscal 1997 were approximately $37,000. Net realized gains on sales of investments during fiscal 1996 were approximately $33,000. Net realized losses on sales of investments during fiscal 1995 were approximately $118,000. The Company also has investments in certain biotechnology companies that are not publicly traded and are included in other noncurrent assets in the accompanying balance sheets. The investments are summarized as follows:
SEPTEMBER 30, ---------------------- 1997 1996 ---------- -------- Anaderm Research Co. ........ $677,471 $136,952 Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. .. 123,800 -- Amplicon Corp. .............. 250,000 100,000 NuGene Technologies, Inc. ... 100,000 -- ---------- -------- $1,151,271 $236,952 ========== ========
37 38 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 As further discussed in Note 5, the Company has collaborative research agreements with Anaderm and Helicon and the investments are carried based on the equity method of accounting. The investments in Amplicon Corp. ("Amplicon") and NuGene Technologies, Inc. ("NuGene") are carried at cost and approximate fair market value. In November 1997, Amplicon was acquired by Tularik Inc. ("Tularik"). The Company's Amplicon securities were exchanged for common shares of Tularik. (4) SALE OF RESEARCH PRODUCTS BUSINESS In August 1995, the Company sold certain assets and the business of the Research Products Business (Business) to Calbiochem-Novabiochem International, Inc. (Calbiochem) for $6.0 million in cash. The assets sold included the Business' line of research products sold or intended for sale to the academic, industrial and clinical research markets, existing inventory, property and equipment and certain other assets. The Company retained the trade accounts receivable and accounts payable outstanding on the date of sale. In connection with the sale, the Company wrote off the unamortized goodwill related to the Business of approximately $343,000. The sale resulted in a net gain of approximately $2.7 million. In the sale agreement, the Company agreed to indemnify the purchaser for a period of two years for certain breaches of the agreement. The Company also signed a sublease agreement with Calbiochem relating to the Cambridge facility for a term of three years, at an annual payment equal to 50% of the Company's fixed lease payment and related facility costs, plus certain operating costs. Payments from Calbiochem totaling $355,000, $417,000 and $0 for the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively, have been reflected as an offset to selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. (5) PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CONTRACTS (a) Pfizer Effective April 1, 1996, the Company and Pfizer renewed their ten-year-old collaboration for a new five-year term by entering into new Collaborative Research and License Agreements. Under these agreements, all patent rights and patentable inventions derived from the research under this collaboration are owned jointly by the Company and Pfizer. Under the collaborative research agreement, Pfizer has committed to provide research funding to the Company in an aggregate amount of approximately $18.8 million. Pursuant to a schedule set forth in the collaborative research agreement, Pfizer will make maximum annual research funding payments to the Company, which will gradually increase from approximately $3.5 million in the first year of the five-year term to approximately $4 million in the fifth year. The collaborative research agreement will expire on April 1, 2001. However, it may be terminated earlier by either party upon the occurrence of certain defaults by the other party. Any termination of the collaboration resulting from a Pfizer default will cause a termination of Pfizer's license rights. Pfizer will retain its license rights if it terminates the agreement in response to a default by the Company. In addition, between July 1 and September 30, 1998, Pfizer may terminate the collaborative research agreement, with or without cause, effective March 31, 1999. Furthermore, between July 1 and September 30, 1999, Pfizer may terminate the collaborative research agreement, with or without cause, effective March 31, 2000. Upon such early termination by Pfizer, Pfizer will retain its license rights. The Company also granted Pfizer an exclusive, worldwide license to make, use, and sell the therapeutic products resulting from this collaboration in exchange for royalty payments. This license terminates on the date of the last to expire of the Company's relevant patent rights. 38 39 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (b) Hoechst Marion Roussel Effective as of January 1, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with HMRI to develop orally active, small molecule inducers of erythropoietin gene expression for the treatment of anemia due to chronic renal failure and anemia associated with chemotherapy for AIDS and cancer. The collaboration is focused on the preclinical and clinical development of lead compounds previously discovered by the Company from its natural products and combinatorial chemistry libraries and from HMRI's compound library. Under the terms of the agreement, both the Company and HMRI are contributing medicinal chemistry and preclinical optimization teams under the agreement. HMRI has the exclusive right to conduct preclinical and clinical development of drug candidates emerging from the program. The Company may receive from HMRI up to $30 million in research funding, milestone payments and success fees depending on HMRI's clinical success. During fiscal 1997, the Company received and recorded as income a $1,000,000 initiation fee from HMRI in connection with this program, 50% of which will be credited against future royalties, if any. The Company has granted to HMRI exclusive, worldwide licenses to, among other things, use, manufacture and sell products resulting from the collaboration. In exchange for these licenses, HMRI will pay the Company royalties on the sales by HMRI of any products resulting from the collaboration. The duration of the licenses is coextensive with the lives of the patents related to the licensed compounds. Generally, the Company and HMRI are prohibited during the term of the collaboration from pursuing or sponsoring research and development of compounds and products in the target area other than pursuant to the agreement without the approval of the research committee. The term of the agreement is segmented into three periods: (1) an option period which terminates on March 31, 1998; (2) a contract period term which continues until March 31, 2000; and (3) a development phase which commences March 31, 1998 for as long as HMRI continues development activities. During the option period, the agreement may be terminated by mutual written agreement of the parties. If HMRI elects not to participate in the contract period term or discontinues participation during the contract period term or development phase, it will offer the Company and the Company may accept the license rights to develop and commercialize the compounds and products of the collaboration, subject to payment of royalties by the Company to HMRI. Effective as of April 1, 1997, the Company and HMRI entered into an Amended Collaborative Research and License Agreement that consolidated and extended formerly separate collaborative programs between the Company and each of Marion Merrell Dow Inc. ("MMDI"), Hoechst Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Hoechst Roussel") and Hoeschst AG ("Hoechst"). This resulted from the corporate reorganization of HMRI in July 1995 in which the pharmaceutical operations MMDI, Hoechst Roussel and Hoechst were combined into HMRI. This Amended Collaborative Research and License Agreement provides for HMRI and the Company to collaborate in the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis, inflammation, arthritis and metabolic diseases. Under this collaboration, a research committee, with equal representation from the Company and HMRI, meets at least three times a year to evaluate the progress of the research program, make priority and program decisions, and prepare research plans identifying the drug targets to be pursued. New targets are added to the program on an ongoing basis by mutual agreement. The Company is responsible for achieving objectives outlined in the annual research plans. HMRI is responsible for assisting the Company in the pursuit of such objectives and for the clinical development and commercialization of drugs resulting from the program. HMRI is responsible for funding the costs of the Company so that's discovery efforts, and as of September 30, 1997, the Company had received or accrued an aggregate of $16.1 million in research funding from HMRI and its predecessors. 39 40 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 The Company has granted to HMRI (i) an exclusive, worldwide license with respect to, amount other things, the use, manufacture and sale of products resulting from their atherosclerosis research collaboration and (ii) the right to obtain an exclusive, worldwide license with respect to any therapeutic product derived from the inflammation, arthritis and metabolic disease program. In exchange for these licenses, HMRI will pay royalties to the Company on sales of such products. The Company and HMRI have mutually exclusive rights and obligations to prosecute and maintain certain patent rights related to various specified areas of the research. (c) Novartis In April 1995, the Company entered into an agreement with Novartis to expand the scope of the companies' collaborative efforts with respect to the development of TGF-Beta3 for wound healing and the treatment of oral mucositis and other indications. Under the agreement, the Company will fund development through Phase I clinical trials and Novartis will fund Phase II and III clinical trials. Novartis will pay the Company $10 million if, and at the time, it decides to initiate Phase IIB or III clinical trials or, at the option of Novartis, within four years of the agreement date. The payment will be characterized, at Novartis's option, as a milestone payment or a purchase of the Company's common stock at the higher of $5.50 per share or the then current market price. In exchange for such payment, Novartis' license will be expanded to include all other indications for TGF-Beta3. (d) Becton Dickinson On October 4, 1991, the Company and Becton established a collaborative research program to develop cancer diagnostic products. The Company and Becton shared equally the cost of discovery phase and pre-clinical research and development. This collaborative research program expired on September 30, 1996 and was not renewed. To the extent Becton commercializes any products derived from this program, it will pay certain royalties to the Company on sales of such products, if any. (e) Bayer Effective January 1, 1997, the Company and Bayer entered into an agreement to develop serum-based cancer diagnostic products. Under the agreement, the Company granted to Bayer licenses to manufacture, use and sell clinical diagnostic products based on the Company's cancer diagnostics technology in exchange for royalties on net sales. Bayer will own all technology, and has the exclusive right to commercialize clinical diagnostic products derived from the collaboration. Bayer's license is perpetual with respect to nonpatented technology and will terminate with respect to patented technology upon the expiration of the last to expire of the Company's patents. Bayer will provide funding for the Company's research under the collaboration in the amount of $1.5 million for each of the first two contract years, and $1 million for each subsequent year. After the first two contract years, the Company will be required to provide up to $500,000 in annual funding for the collaboration to the extent the Company derives net revenues from out-licensing any cancer diagnostics technology or the sale of any clinical diagnostic or clinical research products. The agreement will terminate on December 31, 2002. Bayer has the right to terminate the agreement at any time after December 31, 1997 upon 12 months' notice. 40 41 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (f) Wyeth-Ayerst Effective December 31, 1991, the Company entered into a collaborative research agreement with Wyeth. This agreement was extended and expanded in January 1994 for an additional 3 years through December 31, 1996 to provide for additional funding of approximately $4.3 million. The Company had received approximately $1.6 million annually in research and development funding from Wyeth pursuant to this collaborative agreement. The funded portions of the research collaboration expired on December 31, 1996. To the extent Wyeth commercializes any products derived from this collaboration, it will pay certain royalties to the Company on sales of such products, if any. (g) Anaderm Research In April 1996, in connection with the formation of Anaderm Research Corp. ("Anaderm"), the Company entered into a Stockholders' Agreement ("Stockholders' Agreement") among the Company, Pfizer, Anaderm, New York University ("NYU") and certain NYU faculty members ("Faculty Members"), and a Collaborative Research Agreement ("Research Agreement") among the Company, Pfizer and Anaderm. Anaderm issued common stock to Pfizer and the Company and options to purchase common stock to NYU and the Faculty Members. NYU and the Faculty Members have exercised their options fully, and Pfizer holds 82%, the Company holds 14%, and NYU and the Faculty Members collectively hold 4% of Anaderm's common stock. In exchange for its 14% of the outstanding shares of Anaderm common stock, the Company will provide formatting for high-throughput screens and will conduct compound screening for 18 months at its own expense under the Research Agreement. The term of the Research Agreement is three years. During the initial phase of the agreement (the first 18 months) the Company was required to provide at its own cost formatting for high throughput screens and perform screening of its own compounds and those compounds provided by Pfizer. Upon the termination of the initial phase, the Board of Directors of Anaderm made a determination that the initial phase was successfully completed. With Pfizer's approval, the funded phase commenced on October 1, 1997 and will continue for the term of the Research Agreement. During this phase, Anaderm will make payments to the Company equal to its research costs, including overhead, plus 10%. Anaderm or Pfizer will pay royalties to the Company on the sales of products resulting from this collaboration. As of September 30, 1997, the Company has expended approximately $1.8 million which has been capitalized as the cost of the Company's 14% interest in Anaderm. This capitalized cost has been offset by approximately $1.2 million which includes the Company's estimated interest in the loss of Anaderm as of September 30, 1997 and additional discounted reserve. The Company's net investment in Anaderm at September 30, 1997 of $677,000 is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. During fiscal 1997, the Company received $388,000 from Anaderm for additional research during the initial phase outside the scope of the original agreement. (h) BioChem Pharma Effective May 1, 1996, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research, Development and Commercialization Agreement with BioChem Pharma. Under this agreement, the parties will seek to discover and develop antiviral drugs for the treatment of Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and HIV, although the focus of the collaborative efforts may change at the discretion of a joint steering committee. This agreement provides that the Company and BioChem Pharma will jointly commit resources to the collaborative program. The Company and BioChem Pharma will share equally the commercialization rights in the U.S. and Europe for any product resulting from the collaboration. BioChem Pharma will exclusively own commercialization rights in Canada. The agreement is for a term of five years, with automatic, successive one-year renewal periods thereafter. After May 1, 1999, however, either party may terminate the agreement by giving the other party six-months prior written notice. The agreement is also subject to early termination in the event of certain defaults by either party. As of September 30, 1997, the Company has recognized $518,000 which represents (i) a $100,000 annual technology fee for the right to receive all available upgrades and annual improvements to the equipment, 41 42 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 software and license technology and (ii) reimbursement for all out of pocket costs to build, deliver and install robotic equipment at the agreed BioChem Pharma location. (i) Sankyo Effective as of February 12, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with Sankyo to be conducted in partnership with MRC Collaborative Center ("MRC CC"), London, U.K. The collaboration is focused on discovering and developing novel pharmaceutical products to treat influenza. The Company is responsible for conducting research as directed by a research committee, including, without limitation, compound screening in exchange for research funding from Sankyo. Sankyo has the responsibility and the exclusive right to conduct preclinical and clinical development of all candidate compounds in exchange for milestone payments to the Company. The Company received and recorded $267,000 for a non-refundable technology disclosure fee upon signing the agreement. The Company and MRC CC have granted to Sankyo exclusive, worldwide licenses to, among other things, use, manufacture and sell all products resulting from the collaboration. In exchange for these licenses, Sankyo will pay to the Company and MRC CC license fees and royalties on product sales. The duration of the licenses is coextensive with the lives of the patents related to the licensed compound. If Sankyo discontinues development of all candidate compounds, the Company will have the sole and exclusive right to develop, use, manufacture and sell all products resulting from the collaboration, and it will pay royalties to Sankyo. (j) Sepracor On March 7, 1997, the Company entered into a Collaborative Research Development and Commercialization Agreement with Sepracor. Under this agreement, the parties will seek to discover and develop certain anti-infective agents and anti-inflammatory agents. The Company and Sepracor will commit equal resources to the program, including, among other things, access to all their respective compound libraries and dedicated teams of research scientists. Generally, the parties will share equally the commercialization rights throughout the world of products derived from the program and will share equally the profits from sale of such products, except that in the case of drugs that target two specified microbes, Sepracor will receive 75% of such profits. (k) Xenometrix On June 27, 1997, the Company and Xenometrix, Inc. ("Xenometrix") entered into an agreement pursuant to which they will jointly seek a corporate partner to fund a technology collaboration for the development of automated systems to generate and analyze certain data relating to toxicological, metabolic and undesirable systemic effects of drug candidates. The parties have cross-licensed certain of their respective assay technologies on a worldwide, royalty-free nonexclusive basis. The agreement is for a period of nine months, with automatic successive three-month renewal periods. (l) Helicon In July 1997, the Company, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Hoffman-La Roche Inc.("Roche") formed Helicon Therapeutics, Inc., a new Delaware corporation. In exchange for approximately 28% of Helicon's outstanding capital stock, the Company will contribute to Helicon molecular screening services and a nonexclusive license with respect to certain screening technology. Such services are to be performed within one year. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory contributed a royalty-free license to commercialize certain technology relating to genes associated with long-term memory in exchange for a portion of Helicon's outstanding capital stock. Roche contributed cash for a portion of Helicon's outstanding capital stock. Certain individuals associated with Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory hold the remaining outstanding capital stock of Helicon. 42 43 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 The parties have entered into various collaborative research and license agreements pursuant to which they will jointly pursue the discovery, development and commercialization of novel drugs for the treatment of long-term memory disorders and other central nervous system dysfunctions. The Company and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory are to conduct research under the program, which will be funded by Helicon (except for the molecular screening services that the Company is contributing to Helicon). Helicon is to receive this funding from Roche for the first two years of the program. If the program is not previously terminated, Roche is to continue to provide funding for the third year of the program, with the actual amount to be determined by a research committee established to oversee the collaborative program. Helicon has granted to Roche a worldwide license to commercialize pharmaceutical products resulting from the collaborative program in exchange for certain milestone payments and royalties on Roche's sales of such products. As of September 30, 1997, the Company has expended approximately $180,000 which has been capitalized as the cost of the Company's 28% interest in Helicon. This capitalized cost has been offset by approximately $56,000 which represents the Company's estimated interest in the loss of Helicon as of September 30, 1997. The Company's net investment in Helicon at September 30, 1997 of $124,000 is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. (m) Other Under the terms of aforementioned collaborative research agreements, the collaborative partners will pay the Company royalties ranging from 2% to 8% of net sales of products resulting from these research programs. To date, the Company has not received any royalties pursuant to these agreements. The Company or its collaborative partners may terminate each of the collaborative research programs upon the occurrence of certain events. The Company does not intend to conduct late-stage clinical trials, manufacturing or marketing activities with respect to any of its product candidates in the foreseeable future. The Company is dependent on the companies with which it collaborates for the preclinical testing, clinical development, regulatory approval, manufacturing and marketing of potential products developed under its collaborative research programs. The Company's collaborative agreements allow its collaborative partners significant discretion in electing to pursue or not to pursue any of these activities. The Company cannot control the amount and timing of resources its collaborative partners devote to the Company's programs or potential products. If any of the Company's collaborative partners were to breach or terminate its agreements with the Company or otherwise fail to conduct its collaborative activities successfully in a timely manner, the preclinical or clinical development or commercialization of product candidates or research programs could be delayed or terminated. Any such delay or termination could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. 43 44 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 Total program research revenues under the aforementioned agreements are as follows:
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, --------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 ----------- ---------- ---------- Related Parties: Pfizer .................................................................. $3,622,363 $3,208,077 $3,505,427 HMRI .................................................................... 5,136,257 2,439,358 3,405,335 Becton .................................................................. -- 1,150,125 1,400,094 Anaderm ................................................................. 388,254 -- BioChem Pharma .......................................................... 517,888 -- -- ----------- ---------- ---------- Total Related Parties ................................................... 9,664,762 6,797,560 8,310,856 Bayer ................................................................... 1,125,000 -- -- Sankyo .................................................................. 1,011,039 -- -- Wyeth ................................................................... 400,000 1,550,000 1,375,000 ----------- ---------- ---------- Total ................................................................... $12,200,801 $8,347,560 $9,685,856 =========== ========== ==========
(6) PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are recorded at cost and consist of the following:
SEPTEMBER 30, ESTIMATED -------------------------------- LIFE (YEARS) 1997 1996 ------------ ---------- ---------- Laboratory equipment................... 5-15 $9,073,179 $8,079,536 Office furniture and equipment......... 5-10 3,587,698 2,357,247 Automobile equipment................... 3 152,474 35,954 Leasehold improvements................. Life of lease 5,315,125 4,879,814 --------- --------- 18,128,476 15,352,551 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization......................... 10,376,190 8,857,439 ---------- --------- Net property, equipment and leasehold improvements......................... $7,752,286 $6,495,112 ========== ==========
(7) INTANGIBLE ASSETS The components of intangible assets are as follows:
SEPTEMBER 30, -------------------------- 1997 1996 ----------- ---------- Patents ...................................................... $6,410,614 $7,177,825 Goodwill ..................................................... 2,774,128 3,467,656 ----------- ----------- $9,184,742 $10,645,481 ========== ===========
The above amounts reflect accumulated amortization of $8,721,613 and $7,260,874 at September 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively. During fiscal 1996, goodwill increased $3,467,656 in connection with the acquisition of Aston Molecules Ltd. (See Note 2). As of September 30, 1996, the goodwill related to the acquisition of Applied bioTechnology has been fully amortized. 44 45 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (8) ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES Accounts payable and accrued expenses at September 30, 1997 and 1996 are comprised of:
SEPTEMBER 30, --------------------------------------- 1997 1996 ---------- ---------- Accounts payable....................................... $2,411,133 $2,081,031 Accrued future lease escalations....................... 448,137 417,614 Accrued payroll and employee benefits.................. 367,242 462,958 Accrued incentive compensation......................... 615,000 285,370 Accrued expenses....................................... 338,527 439,665 ---------- ---------- $4,180,039 $3,686,638 ========== ==========
(9) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (a) Stock Redemption On February 18, 1997, the Company repurchased all 1.25 million shares of the Company's common stock held by Becton, Dickinson and Company ("Becton") for an aggregate price of $8.75 million. The Company's collaborative research agreement with Becton had ended on its scheduled expiration date of September 30, 1996. See Note 5(d). (b) Stock Offering In April 1996, the Company completed a public offering for 3,118,750 shares of common stock. The sale price was $9.125 per share. Concurrent with the public offering, the Company sold 500,000 shares at $9.125 per share directly to BioChem Pharma. The proceeds to the Company from these sales, net of underwriting commissions and other costs, were approximately $30.3 million. The net proceeds were added to the Company's general funds and are to be used for research and development expenses, including funds for enhancing the Company's drug discovery technologies, and for general corporate purposes. (c) Stock Option Plans The Company has established four stock option plans for its employees, officers, directors and consultants. The Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which may grant either non-qualified or incentive stock options. The Committee determines the exercise price and vesting schedule at the time the option is granted. Options vest over various periods and may expire no later than 10 years from date of grant. The total authorized shares under these plans is 5,400,000. 45 46 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 The following table summarizes changes in the number of common shares subject to options in the stock option plans:
EXERCISE PRICE --------------------------------------------------- WEIGHTED SHARES LOW HIGH AVERAGE -------------------------------------------------- Balance September 30, 1994 Unexercised................................................................ 2,048,325 $1.75 $7.63 $4.05 Granted................................................................. 803,000 3.50 4.13 3.78 Exercised............................................................... (206,025) 1.75 5.63 2.68 Forfeited............................................................... (624,021) 4.00 7.63 4.98 ------------------------------------------------- Balance September 30, 1995 Unexercised................................................................ 2,021,279 $1.75 $5.63 $3.75 Granted................................................................. 776,000 7.88 9.32 8.98 Exercised............................................................... (491,544) 1.75 4.88 3.35 Forfeited............................................................... (87,678) 3.50 5.63 3.98 ------------------------------------------------- Balance September 30, 1996 Unexercised................................................................ 2,218,057 $1.75 $9.32 $5.67 Granted................................................................. 907,500 6.50 7.09 6.82 Exercised............................................................... (84,618) 2.50 9.25 4.32 Forfeited............................................................... (127,499) 3.50 9.00 5.19 ------------------------------------------------- Balance September 30, 1997 Unexercised................................................................ 2,913,440 $1.75 $9.32 $6.07 ---------- ----- ----- -----
At September 30, 1997, the Company has reserved 4,341,292 shares of its authorized common stock for all shares issuable under option. At September 30, 1997, 1996, and 1995 options exercisable were 1,290,829, 872,513 and 952,883 respectively. On March 22, 1995, the Company granted the right to current option holders to surrender their current options in exchange for replacement options on the basis of three replacement options for four options surrendered. The exercise price of the replacement options was $3.50 per share, which was greater than the market price on the date of exchange. The replacement options vested 25% upon grant with the remaining 75% vesting pro rata on a monthly basis over the following three years. Option holders surrendered 606,000 options in exchange for 454,500 replacement options. Stock option grants are set at the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and the related number of shares granted are fixed at that point in time. Therefore under the principles of APB Opinion No. 25, the Company does not recognize compensation expense associated with the grant of stock options. SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," requires the use of option valuation models to provide supplemental information regarding options granted after 1995. Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share shown below was determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock options and shares sold under its stock purchase plan under the fair value method of that statement. The fair value of the options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for 1997 and 1996, respectively: risk-free interest rates of 5.84% and 6.26%; dividend yields of 0% and 0%; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company's common stock of 65.8% and 64.8% and expected life of the options of 3.7 years and 3.7 years. These assumptions resulted in weighted-average fair values of $3.61 and $4.75 per share for stock options granted in 1997 and 1996, respectively. 46 47 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized over the options' vesting periods. The pro forma effect on net income for 1997 and 1996 is not representative of the pro forma effect on net income in future years because it does not take into consideration pro forma compensation expense related to grants made prior to 1996. Pro forma information in future years will reflect the amortization of a larger number of stock options granted in several succeeding years. The Company's pro forma information is as follows (in thousands, except per share information):
SEPTEMBER 30, ---------------------- 1997 1996 --------- --------- Pro forma net loss ...... $(11,205) $(10,327) Pro forma loss per share: Primary ................. $ (0.51) $ (0.52)
Information regarding stock options outstanding as of September 30, 1997, is as follow (options in thousands):
---------------------- ---------------------------------- Options Options Outstanding Exercisable ---------------------------------------------------------- Weighted- Weighted- Average Weighted- Average Remaining Average Shares Exercise Contractual Shares Exercise Price Range (in thous) Price Life (in thous) Price - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Under $5.00 1,284 $3.87 6.32 years 938 $3.84 $5.00 - $7.00 879 $6.80 9.42 years 31 $6.33 Over $7.00 750 $8.89 8.24 years 321 $9.00
(d) Sale of Common Stock and Warrant to Marion Merrell Dow In December 1992, the Company entered into the common stock purchase and common stock warrant purchase agreements with Marion. The Company issued 1,090,909 shares of common stock at $5.50 per share and a warrant to purchase up to 500,000 additional shares at $5.50 per share which is exercisable during the period December 1994 to December 1999. The proceeds to the Company were $6 million. (e) Sale of Common Stock to Novartis On April 19, 1995, Novartis purchased 909,091 shares of the Company's common stock at $5.50 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $5 million. (f) Employee Stock Purchase Plan On May 1, 1993, the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan under which eligible employees may contribute up to 10% of their base earnings toward the quarterly purchase of the Company's common stock. The employees purchase price is derived from a formula based on the fair market value of the common stock. No compensation expense is recorded in connection with the plan. During fiscal 1997, 1996 and 1995, 12,388, 3,860 and 3,216 shares were issued with 48, 34 and 18 employees participating in the plan, respectively. 47 48 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (10) INCOME TAXES There is no provision (benefit) for federal or state income taxes, since the Company has incurred operating losses since inception and has established a valuation allowance equal to the total deferred tax asset. The tax effect of temporary differences, net operating loss carry forwards and research and development tax credit carry forwards as of September 30, 1997 and 1996 are as follows:
SEPTEMBER 30, ----------------------------- 1997 1996 ------------ ------------ Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carry forwards .............................. $14,170,792 $12,252,652 Research and development credits ............................... 824,246 792,980 Intangible assets .............................................. 946,094 1,028,148 Other .......................................................... 1,750,156 678,849 ------------ ------------ 17,691,288 14,752,629 Valuation allowance ............................................ (17,691,288) (14,752,629) ------------ ------------ $ -- $ -- ============ ============
As of September 30, 1997, the Company has available federal net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $42 million which will expire in various years from 2000 to 2012, and may be subject to certain annual limitations. The Company's research and development tax credit carry forwards noted above expire in various years through from 2000 to 2012. 48 49 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (11) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (a) Lease Commitments The Company leases office, operating and laboratory space under various lease agreements. Rent expense was approximately $1,081,000, $727,000 and $750,000, for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. The following is a schedule by fiscal years of future minimum rental payments required as of September 30, 1997, assuming expiration of the lease for the Uniondale facility on June 30, 2006, the Cambridge facility on December 31, 2003, the Durham facility on October 31, 2004, and the Birmingham facility on May 31, 2002. 1998.......................................................................... $972,579 1999.......................................................................... 976,126 2000.......................................................................... 1,048,297 2001.......................................................................... 1,055,689 2002.......................................................................... 1,075,139 2003 and thereafter........................................................... 2,443,268 ---------- $7,571,098 ==========
(b) Contingencies The Company has received several letters from other companies and universities advising the Company that various products being marketed and research being conducted by the Company may be infringing on existing patents of such entities. These matters are presently under review by management and outside counsel for the Company. Where valid patents of other parties are found by the Company to be in place, management will consider entering into licensing arrangements with the universities and/or other companies or modify the conduct of its research. The Company's royalties may be reduced by up to 50% if its licensees or collaborative partners are required to obtain licenses from third parties whose patent rights are infringed by the Company's products, technology or operations. Management believes that the ultimate outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position of the Company. (12) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Effective January 1, 1993, the Company compensates its independent outside directors on a $1,000 retainer per month. This amount increased to $1,500 effective January 1, 1995. For the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, such fees amounted to $126,000, $108,000 and $99,000, respectively. The Company also has compensated four directors for consulting services performed. Three directors have consulting agreements, the other two were paid on a per diem basis. For the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, consulting services in the amounts of $144,000, $100,000 and $90,000 respectively, were paid by the Company pursuant to these arrangements. 49 50 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 One director is a partner in a law firm which represents the Company on its patent and license matters. Fees paid to this firm for the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 were approximately $404,000, $413,000 and $260,000, respectively. During fiscal 1997, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the cashless excercise of certain stock options held by a director. The Company recorded a charge of $126,750, which represents the fair market value of the common stock issued. A board member is an officer of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory which was a founder of Amplicon (which was recently acquired by Tularik) and Helicon. A board member is the chief executive officer and director of Helicon and member of the board of directors of Xenometrix. A board member is the chief executive officer of NuGene. The Company's chief executive officer is a member of the boards of directors of NuGene, Anaderm and Helicon, and may become the chairman or co-chairman of Helicon and vice president of Anaderm. An executive officer of the Company is vice president of Helicon. The Company has investments in Tularik, Helicon, and NuGene and collaborative research agreements with Helicon and Xenometrix. (13) EMPLOYEE SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT PLAN The Company sponsors an Employee Savings and Investment Plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan allows employees to defer from 2% to 10% of their income on a pre-tax basis through contributions into designated investment funds. For each dollar the employee invests up to 6% of his or her earnings, the Company will contribute an additional 50 cents into the funds. For the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996, and 1995, the Company's expenses related to the plan were approximately $233,000, $164,000 and $180,000, respectively. (14) EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT PLAN On November 10, 1992, the Company adopted a plan which provides postretirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible employees, board members and qualified dependents. Eligibility is determined based on age and service requirements. These benefits are subject to deductibles, co-payment provisions and other limitations. The Company utilizes SFAS No. 106, "Employer's Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions" to account for the benefits to be provided by the plan. Under SFAS No. 106 the cost of post retirement medical and life insurance benefits is accrued over the active service periods of employees to the date they attain full eligibility for such benefits. As permitted by SFAS No. 106, the Company elected to amortize over a 20 year period the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation related to prior service costs. 50 51 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 Net postretirement benefit cost for the years ended September 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 includes the following components:
1997 1996 1995 -------- -------- -------- Service cost for benefits earned during the period ........................................................ $194,900 $161,800 $107,175 Interest cost on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation ............................................ 99,600 89,300 47,181 Amortization of unrecognized net loss .......................... 9,600 18,700 5,855 Amortization of initial benefits attributable to past service .................................................. 17,500 17,500 17,549 -------- -------- -------- Net postretirement benefit cost ................................ $321,600 $287,300 $177,760 ======== ======== ========
The accrued postretirement benefit cost at September 30, 1997 and 1996 were as follows:
1997 1996 ---------- ---------- Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation-fully eligible active plan participants.......................................... $1,672,500 $1,306,300 Unrecognized cumulative net loss................................... (460,400) (377,600) Unrecognized transition obligation................................. (267,600) (285,200) ---------- ---------- Accrued postretirement benefit cost................................ $944,500 $643,500 ========== ==========
The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation was determined using a discount rate of 7.5 percent in 1997 and 8 percent in 1996 and a health care cost trend rate of approximately 8 percent in 1997, decreasing down to 5 percent in year 2000. Increasing the assumed health care cost trend rates by one percentage point in each year and holding all other assumptions constant would increase the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation as of September 30, 1997 by approximately $322,100 and the net postretirement benefit cost by approximately $61,200. (15) NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share." This Statement establishes standards for computing and presenting earnings per share ("EPS") and applies to entities with publicly held common stock or potential common stock. This Statement simplifies the standards for computing earnings per share previously found in APB Opinion No. 15, "Earnings Per Share," and makes them comparable to international EPS standards. It replaces the presentation of primary EPS with a presentation of basic EPS. It also requires dual presentation of basic and diluted EPS on the face of the income statement for all entities with complex capital structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS computation. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for periods ending after December 15, 1997, including interim periods; earlier application is not permitted. This Statement requires restatement of all prior period EPS data presented. The adoption of this Statement will not have any impact on the Company's EPS disclosure, as the Company's stock options and warrants are anti-dilutive and will be excluded from the denominator of earnings per share; thus, earnings (loss) per common share is equal to basic earnings (loss) per share as computed under SFAS No. 128. 51 52 OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Nos. 130 and 131, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" ("SFAS 130") and "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" ("SFAS 131"), respectively (collectively, the "Statements"). The Statements are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1997. SFAS 130 establishes standards for reporting of comprehensive income and its components in annual financial statements. SFAS 131 establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise's operating segments in its annual financial statements and selected segment information in interim financial reports. Reclassification or restatement of comparative financial statements or financial information for earlier periods is required upon adoption of SFAS 130 and SFAS 131, respectively. Application of the Statements' disclosure requirements will have no impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or earnings per share data as currently reported. 52 53 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. 53 54 PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the similarly named section of the Registrant's Proxy Statement for its 1998 Annual Meeting to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after September 30, 1997 (the "1998 Proxy"). ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the similarly named section of the Registrant's 1998 Proxy. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the similarly named section of the Registrant's 1998 Proxy. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the similarly named section of the Registrant's 1998 Proxy. 54 55 PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K (a) (1) The following consolidated financial statements are included in Part II, Item 8 of this report: Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Operations Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (2) All schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the financial statements or related notes. (3) The exhibits listed in the Index to Exhibits on pages 58-60 hereof are attached hereto or incorporated herein by reference and filed as a part of this report. (b) Reports on Form 8-K None. 55 56 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. OSI PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. By: /s/ GARY E. FRASHIER ------------------------ Gary E. Frashier Chief Executive Officer Date: December 29, 1997 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the days indicated.
Signature Title Date --------- ----- ---- /s/ GARY E. FRASHIER Chief Executive Officer and December 29, 1997 - ---------------------------------- Director Gary E. Frashier /s/ ROBERT L. VAN NOSTRAND Vice President and Chief December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Financial Officer Robert L. Van Nostrand /s/ G. MORGAN BROWNE Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ G. Morgan Browne /s/ JOHN H. FRENCH, II Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ John H. French, II /s/ EDWIN A. GEE, Ph.D. Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Edwin A. Gee, Ph.D. /s/ DARYL K. GRANNER, M.D. Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Daryl K. Granner, M.D. /s/ WALTER M. LOVENBERG, Ph.D. Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Walter M. Lovenberg, Ph.D. /s/ STEVEN M. PELTZMAN Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Steven M. Peltzman /s/ GARY TAKATA Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ Gary Takata
56 57 /s/ JOHN P. WHITE Director December 29, 1997 - ------------------------------ John P. White, Esquire
57 58 INDEX TO EXHIBITS Exhibits 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (1) 3.2 Bylaws, as amended (1) 10.1 1985 Stock Option Plan (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 33-3148) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.2 1989 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (file no. 33-38443) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.3 1993 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan, as amended (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (file no. 33-64713) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.4 Stock Purchase Plan for Non-Employee Directors (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (file no. 333-06861) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.5 1995 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (file no. 333-06861) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.6 1997 Incentive and Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan (filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (file no. 333-39509) and incorporated herein by reference) 10.7+ Collaborative Research Agreement dated April 1, 1996 between the Company and Pfizer Inc. (2) 10.8+ License Agreement dated April 1, 1996 between the Company and Pfizer Inc. (2) 10.9+ Stockholders' Agreement dated April 23, 1996 among Anaderm Research Corp., the Company, Pfizer Inc., New York University and certain individuals (2) 10.10+ Collaborative Research Agreement dated April 23,1996 amount the Company, Pfizer Inc. and Anaderm Research Corp. (2) 10.11 Registration Rights Agreement dated April 11, 1996 among the Company and the former stockholders of MYCOsearch, Inc. and their designees (2) 10.12 Form of Warrants issued by the Company to the former stockholders of MYCOsearch, Inc. and their designees covering an aggregate of 100,000 shares of common stock (2) 10.13 Employment Agreement dated April 11, 1996 between the Company and Dr. Barry Katz (2) 10.14+ Collaborative Research Agreement dated as of December 31, 1991 between the Company and American Home Products Corporation (3) 10.15+ Amendatory Agreement dated as of December 31, 1993 between the Company and American Home Products Corporation (3) 10.16* Common Stock Purchase Warrant granted to Marion Merrell Dow, Inc. dated December 11, 1992 58 59 10.17 Collaborative Agreement dated as of April 19, 1995 between the Company and Novartis Pharma AG (4) 10.18 Letter Agreement dated as of April 19, 1995 between the Company and Novartis Pharma AG (4) 10.19 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of April 19, 1995 between the Company and Novartis Pharma AG (4) 10.20 Asset Purchase Agreement dated June 26, 1995 among the Company, Calbiochem-Novabiochem International, Inc. and Calbiochem-Novabiochem Corporation (5) 10.21 New Product License Right of First Refusal Agreement dated August 2, 1995 between the Company and Calbiochem-Novabiochem Corporation (5) 10.22 Employment Agreement dated as of February 9, 1990 between the Company and Gary E. Frashier (6) 10.23 Form of Employment Agreement dated as of August 27, 1991, which is substantially identical in all material respects to the Employment Agreement dated as of April 28, 1993 between the Company and Colin Goddard, Ph.D. (6) 10.24+ Agreement dated September 27, 1996 between the Company and Becton, Dickinson and Company (6) 10.25+ Collaborative Research and License Agreement dated as of January 1, 1997 between the Company and Bayer Corporation (7) 10.26+ Collaborative Research, Development and Commercialization Agreement dated as of May 1, 1996 between the Company and BioChem Pharma (International) Inc. (7) 10.27+ EPO Collaborative Research and License Agreement dated as of January 1, 1997 between the Company and Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. (8) 10.28+ Collaborative Research, Development and License Agreement dated as of February 12, 1997 by and among the Company, Sankyo Company, Ltd., and MRC Collaborative Center (8) 10.29+ Collaborative Research, Development and Commercialization Agreement dated as of March 7, 1997 between the Company and Sepracor, Inc. (8) 10.30+ License Agreement dated as of March 18, 1997 between the Company and The Dow Chemical Company (8) 10.31 Amended and Restated Collaborative Research and License Agreement effective as of April 1, 1997 by and among the Company, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. and Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft (9) 10.32*+ Stock Subscription Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and between the Company and Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 10.33*+ License and Services Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and between the Company and Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 10.34*+ Stockholders' Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and among Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. and certain stockholders of Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 10.35*+ Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of July 17, 1997 by and among Helicon Therapeutics, Inc., the Company, Hoffman-La Roche, Inc. and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 59 60 10.36*+ Collaborative Research and License Agreement effective as of July 1, 1997 by and between Hoffman-La Roche, Inc. and Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 21* Subsidiaries of the Company 23* Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick, LLP, independent public accountants 27* Financial Data Schedule 99* Additional Exhibits: Risk Factors - ------------------------------------ * Filed herewith. + Portions of this exhibit have been redacted and are subject to a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 24b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (1) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's registration statement on Form S-3 (file no. 333-937) and incorporated herein by reference. (2) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 1996, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference. (3) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 1995, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference. (4) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1995, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference. (5) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's current report on Form 8-K dated August 2, 1995 and incorporated herein by reference. (6) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference. (7) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference. (8) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. (9) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. 60
EX-10.16 2 COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT 1 ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT GRANT DATE: December 11, 1992 In consideration of the purchase of shares of Common Stock described in the Agreement, and as an inducement to make such purchase, the sufficiency of which as consideration is hereby acknowledged, Oncogene Science, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), grants to Marion Merrell Dow Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Holder"), the right, subject to the terms of this Warrant, to purchase at any time and from time to time during the period commencing on the Grant Date and ending on the Expiration Date, unless extended or terminated as provided herein, at prices set forth herein up to 500,000 fully paid and nonassessable shares of the authorized but unissued Common Stock. The Basic Exercise Price and the number of shares that may be purchased pursuant to this Warrant are subject to adjustment as set forth hereinafter. 1. DEFINITIONS As used in this Warrant, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth in this Section 1: 1.1. "Agreement" means that certain Stock Purchase Agreement dated December 11, 1992 between the Company and the Holder. 1.2. "Basic Exercise Price" means $5.50 per share, the price at which a Warrant Share may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant prior to any adjustment provided for herein. 1.3. "Blue Sky Application" means an application or other document filed pursuant to a Blue Sky Law to register, qualify or obtain an exemption for an offer or sale by or for the account of the Holder of all or part of this Warrant or any of the Warrant Shares. 1.4. "Blue Sky Law" means the laws and regulations of any state or other jurisdiction applicable to any sale by or for the account of the Holder of all or part of this Warrant or any of the Warrant Shares. 1.5. "Common Stock" means the Common Stock of the Company, par value $.01 per share. 1.6. "Exercise Date" means any date when this Warrant is exercised, in whole or in part, in the manner indicated in Subsections 2.1 and 2.2. 1.7. "Exercise Price" means the Basic Exercise Price or, if an adjustment is required under this Warrant, then "Exercise Price" means, after each such adjustment, the price at 2 which a Warrant Share may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant immediately following the last such adjustment. 1.8. "Expiration Date" means 11:59 p.m. Eastern Standard Time on the day immediately preceding the seventh anniversary of the Grant Date or, if such date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or holiday, on the first business day thereafter. 1.9. "Grant Date" means the date as of which this Warrant was first granted as stated at the beginning of this Warrant. 1.10. "Prospectus" means a preliminary prospectus or final prospectus (including any supplement), or any offering circular or similar offering document, included in a Registration Statement. 1.11. "Registration Statement" means a registration or offering statement, a pre-effective or post-effective amendment to a registration statement, or any other document proposed for filing or filed by the Company under the Securities Act which is or would be available under applicable laws, rules and regulations to register a public offering or sale of any Warrant Shares. 1.12. "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, or any act, rules or regulations which replace the Securities Act or any such rules and regulations. 1.13. "Underwriter" means any party who is an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale by or for the account of the Holder of any of the Warrant Shares. 1.14. "Warrant" means this Common Stock Purchase Warrant and each subsequently issued Common Stock Purchase Warrant, if any, for which this Warrant has been exchanged. 1.15. "Warrant Shares" any shares of Common Stock or other securities issued or subject to issuance upon exercise of this Warrant or upon exchange of this Warrant for a Warrant or warrants of different denominations. 2. DURATION AND EXERCISE OF WARRANT 2.1. Exercise Period and Exercise Price. Subject to the provisions of Section 7 hereof, this warrant shall be exercisable, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time beginning on the second anniversary of the Grant Date and on or before the Expiration Date. 2.2. Method of Exercise. This Warrant may be exercised by the Holder, in whole or in part, by (i) surrendering this Warrant to the Company, (ii) tendering to the Company 2 3 payment in cash of the Exercise Price for the Warrant Shares for which exercise is made and (iii) executing and delivering to the Company the Exercise Form attached hereto as Schedule 2.2. Upon proper exercise, subject to Subsection 2.4, the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of record of the Warrant Shares for which exercise is made, even though the stock register or transfer books of the Company may then be closed or certificates representing such Warrant Shares may not then be actually delivered to the Holder. 2.3. Certificates. Within a reasonable time, but no more than 20 days after this Warrant has been duly exercised in compliance with Subsection 2.2, certificates for such Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the Holder and, unless this Warrant has expired, it shall be returned to Holder endorsed by an officer of the Company to indicate the number of Warrant Shares previously exercised and the number of Warrants remaining to be exercised or a new Warrant or Warrants for such aggregate number of shares remaining shall be issued to the Holder. 2.4. Securities Act Compliance. Unless the transfer of the Warrant Shares shall have been registered under the Securities Act, as a condition of its delivery of any Warrant or any certificate for Warrant Shares, the Company may require the Holder (including any transferee of a Warrant or Warrant Shares in whose name such Warrant or Warrant Shares are to be registered) to deliver to the Company written representations regarding the purchaser's sophistication, investment intent, acquisition for his own account and such other matters as are reasonable and customary for purchasers of securities in an unregistered private offering, and the Company may place conspicuously upon each such Warrant and certificate representing Warrant Shares a legend, substantially in the following form: "The securities represented by this certificate have been issued without registration or qualification under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act") or the securities or Blue Sky laws of any jurisdiction. Such securities may not be sold, assigned, transferred or otherwise disposed of, beneficially or on the records of the Company, unless such securities have first been registered or qualified under the Securities Act and applicable securities or Blue Sky laws or there has been delivered to the Company an opinion of counsel, satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such registration and qualification is not required." 2.5. Taxes. The Company covenants and agrees that it will pay when due and payable any and all taxes which may be payable in connection with the original issuance of this Warrant, or the issuance of any Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant to the Holder thereof. The Company shall not, however, be required to pay any taxes which may be payable in respect of any subsequent transfer of this Warrant or of any Warrant Shares. 3 4 3. VALIDITY AND RESERVATION OF WARRANT SHARES The Company covenants that this Warrant and all shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of this Warrant will be validly issued, fully paid, nonassessable, free of preemptive rights, subject to no liens or claims and free of restrictions other than those set forth herein or placed thereon by the Holder. The Company agrees that so long as this Warrant may be exercised, the Company will have authorized and reserved for issuance upon exercise of this Warrant a sufficient number of Warrant Shares to provide for exercise in full. 4. FRACTIONAL SHARES No fractional Warrant Share shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. With respect to any fraction of a Warrant Share otherwise issuable upon any such exercise, the Company shall pay to the Holder an amount in cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price. 5. LIMITED RIGHTS OF THE WARRANT HOLDER The Holder shall not, solely by virtue of being the Holder of this Warrant, have any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock of the Company, either at law or equity, until the Warrant shall have been exercised and the Holder shall be deemed to be the holder of record of Warrant Shares, as provided in this Warrant, at which time the person or persons in whose name or names the certificate or certificates for Warrant Shares being purchased are to be issued shall be deemed the holder or holders of record of such shares for all purposes. 6. EXCHANGE, TRANSFER OR LOSS OF WARRANT 6.1. Transfer. Subject to the provisions of Sections 2.4 and 10, upon surrender of this Warrant to the Company with the attached Assignment Form duly executed and the tender of funds sufficient to pay any transfer tax, the Company shall, without charge, execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants to the assignee(s) named in such Assignment Form, and a new Warrant or Warrants to the Holder representing the portion of the original Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall be canceled concurrently with such issuance. 6.2. Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation. Upon receipt by the Company of satisfactory evidence of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this warrant and either (in the case of loss, theft or destruction) reasonable indemnification or (in the case of mutilation) the surrender of this Warrant for cancellation, the Company will execute and deliver to the Holder, without charge, a new Warrant of like denomination. 7. ANTI-DILUTION ADJUSTMENTS 7.1. Adjustment of Exercise Price. The number of Warrant Shares and the Exercise Price are subject to change or adjustment as follows: 4 5 (a) Recapitalization, Stock Split, Stock Dividend. If at any time after the Grant Date and on or before the Expiration Date the Company effects or declares a subdivision, combination, reclassification, split-up, reverse split-up, or other recapitalization of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater or lesser number of shares of Common Stock, or a dividend payable in shares of Common Stock, the number of Warrant Shares for which the Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such subdivision, combination, reclassification, split-up, reverse split-up, or other recapitalization or dividend shall thereafter be appropriately increased or decreased, as appropriate, so that both immediately before and immediately after such event, the number of Warrant Shares shall represent the right to purchase the same percentage of the outstanding Common Stock. Upon any such adjustment of the number of Warrant Shares, the Exercise Price shall be adjusted to the new Exercise Price obtained by dividing (i) the product of the number of Warrant Shares issuable immediately prior to such adjustment and the Exercise Price then in effect by (ii) the number of Warrant Shares issuable immediately after such adjustment. (b) Dividend Payable in Security or Property Other Than Cash. If at any time after the Grant Date and on or before the Expiration Date the Company declares a dividend on its Common Stock payable in securities of the Company (other than Common Stock) or in other property (other than cash), the Holder shall, without additional cost, be entitled to receive upon the exercise of this Warrant, in addition to the Warrant Shares to which such Holder is otherwise entitled upon such exercise, the amount of securities or noncash property that such Holder would have been entitled to receive with respect to the Warrant Shares if such Holder had been a holder, on the record date for such dividend, of the number of shares of Common Stock purchased upon such exercise of this Warrant. (c) Merger, Sale of Assets, Etc. If at any time after the Grant Date and on or before the Expiration Date there occurs (i) a reorganization not otherwise provided for herein, (ii) a merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another corporation in which the Company is not the surviving entity or by virtue of which the outstanding Common Stock is converted into securities, cash, or other property, or (iii) a sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company's properties and assets, then the Holder shall be entitled to receive, upon exercise of this Warrant and payment of the Exercise Price, the number of shares or units of securities, cash, or other property (or the cash value thereof, determined in good faith by the Company's Board of Directors) that the Holder would have been entitled to receive as a result of such event if this Warrant had been exercised immediately prior to the record date (or, if none, the effective date) for such transaction, and appropriate adjustment shall be made in the application of the provisions of this Warrant after the transaction such that the rights and interests of the Holder under this Warrant shall be preserved with respect to any shares or other property deliverable to such Holder upon exercise of the Warrant after such transaction. (d) Other Offerings. If at any time after the Grant Date and on or before the Expiration Date the Company completes a public or private offering of additional shares of 5 6 Common Stock at an effective price or prices (after deducting any underwriting discount or commission) ten percent or more below the low sales price of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ-NMS on the closing date of such offering, the Holder shall, without additional cost except payment of the exercise price defined below, be entitled to purchase upon exercise of this Warrant or at any time thereafter until the Expiration Date, in addition to the Warrant Shares to which the Holder is otherwise entitled upon such exercise, that number of shares of Common Stock required for the Holder to maintain the same percentage ownership of the Company's Common Stock immediately following such offering (assuming full exercise of this Warrant and the exercise or conversion of all exercisable or convertible securities issued in such offering or previously outstanding) as such Holder had (assuming full exercise of this Warrant and all other exercisable or convertible securities) immediately prior to the closing date of such offering or offerings. For purposes of this Section 7.1(d), an offering of additional shares of Common Stock shall include any offering of any form of stock option (other than employee stock options), stock warrant, or other security convertible into, exchangeable for, or exercisable to acquire shares of common Stock; provided that the purchase date of such Common stock shall be deemed to be the date of original sale of such stock option, stock warrant or convertible security rather than the date of exercise or conversion. The exercise price per share payable by the Holder for such additional shares of Common Stock shall be the average net selling price per share (after deducting commissions and fees) received or to be received by the Company as a result of such offering and upon the full exercise or conversion of the securities issued therein; provided, however that if either the price at which or the number of shares of Common Stock into which any securities issued in such offering are exercisable or convertible is not fixed at the time of the offering, the issuance of such securities shall, for purposes of this subsection 7.1(d), be deemed a separate offering that is completed on the first date both the price and the number of shares become fixed. (e) Minimum Adjustment Not Required. Anything in this Section 7.1 to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall not be required, except as hereinafter provided, to make any adjustment of the Exercise Price in any case in which the amount by which such Exercise price would be increased or reduced, in accordance with the foregoing provisions, would be less than $.05 per share, but in such a case, any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made will be carried forward and made at the time and together with the next subsequent adjustment which, together with any and all such adjustments so carried forward, shall amount to not less than $.05 per share; provided, however, that adjustments in the Exercise Price shall be required and made in accordance with the provisions of this Subsection 7.1 (other than this subparagraph) not later than such time as may be necessary in order to preserve the tax-free nature of any distribution (within the meaning of Section 305 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) to the Holder or the holders of Common Stock. (f) Employee Stock Options. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 7, no adjustment shall be made with respect to the granting to employees of options to purchase shares of Common Stock of the Company or the subsequent 6 7 exercise or modification thereof in connection with employee stock option plans of the Company. (g) Other Adjustments. The Company shall make such other or additional equitable adjustments to the number of Warrant Shares and the Exercise Price as may be necessary to protect the Holder against dilution of this Warrant, as contemplated in this Subsection 7.1, except that the issuance of additional shares of Common Stock in satisfaction of the Company's obligations under this Warrant shall not give rise to any such adjustment. (h) Term "Common Stock" When used in this Section 7.1, the term "Common Stock" shall include any stock of any class of the Company other than preferred stock with a fixed limit on dividends and with no rights of conversion into "Common Stock" and without a fixed amount payable in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. 7.2. Shares Deemed Warrant Stock. Shares of Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to Section 7.1 shall be deemed Warrant Shares for all purposes of this Warrant, and the Holder shall have the same rights with respect to such shares as such Holder has or would have with respect to any other Warrant Shares. 7.3. Notice of Adjustment. Whenever the Exercise Price or the number of Warrant Shares is required to be adjusted under Section 7.1, the Company shall promptly mail by certified mail to the Holder, a certificate of its chief financial officer showing the adjusted number of Warrant Shares and Exercise Price, setting forth in reasonable detail the facts requiring such adjustment, and stating such other facts as shall be necessary to show the manner and figures used to compute such adjustment. If, within 45 days of the mailing of such certificate, the Holder notifies the Company in writing of its disagreement with the computation of the adjusted number of Warrant Shares or Exercise Price contained in the Company certificate, then the Company will promptly obtain a certificate of a firm of independent certified public accountants of recognized standing selected by the Company's Board of Directors (who may be the regular auditors of the Company) covering the same items required by the Company certificate and mail a copy of such certificate to the Holder. The certificate of the firm of independent public accountants will be conclusive evidence of the correctness of the computations with respect to any adjustment of the number of Warrant Shares or the Exercise Price. 7 8 8. NOTICE TO HOLDER So long as this Warrant is outstanding, whenever the Company shall expect to (i) pay any dividend or distribution upon Common Stock, (ii) offer to the holders of Common Stock any right to subscribe for or to purchase any other securities of the Company, (iii) effect any recapitalization, merger, consolidation, reorganization, transfer, sale, lease or conveyance as referred to in Section 7, or (iv) be involved in any voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Company, at least thirty days before the proposed action or any applicable record date, the Company, by certified mail, shall give the Holder written notice describing the proposed action and stating the date on which (x) a record date is to be fixed for the purposes of such dividend, distribution or right or (y) such recapitalization, merger, consolidation, reorganization, transfer, sale, lease, conveyance, dissolution, liquidation or winding up is to take place and when, if any date is to be fixed, the record holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such recapitalization, merger, consolidation, reorganization, transfer, sale, lease, conveyance, dissolution, liquidation or winding up. 9. REGISTRATION OF THE WARRANT SHARES 9.1. Registration Rights. (a) Piggy-back Registration. The Company shall advise each Holder of this Warrant or Warrant Shares, by written notice at least four weeks in advance thereof, of the intended filing of any Registration Statement which is filed after the Grant Date and within two years after the Expiration Date. Subject to the restrictions imposed by any underwriter, as set forth below, the Company shall, upon the request of any Holder, include in any such Registration Statement such information as may be required to permit a public offering of such Holder's Warrant Shares. If any such Registration Statement is being filed by the Company in connection with an underwritten public offering of securities of the Company, all the proceeds of which are to be received by the Company, the number of shares included in such Registration Statement shall be limited to such number, if any, as the underwriter in good faith determines would not have a material adverse effect on the marketing of the Company's securities, and the marketing of the Company's securities shall have priority over the marketing of securities for the accounts of the Holder or any other person requesting registration. If any such Registration Statement is being filed by the Company for the benefit of selling security holders, the Company will permit the Holder to include in such Registration Statement at least a pro rata portion (based upon the ratio of the number of shares which such selling security holders desire to sell to the number of shares which Holder desires to sell) of the total shares of Common Stock being registered. (b) Demand Registration. If at any time after the Grant Date and within two years following the Expiration Date the Holder notifies the Company that the Holder contemplates (i) the transfer of all or any part of the Warrant or Warrant Shares, or (ii) the exercise of all or any part of the Warrant and the transfer of all or any part of the Warrant 8 9 Shares, under such circumstances that a public offering (within the meaning of the Securities Act) of such securities will be required, then the Company shall, as promptly as practicable after receipt of such notice, if any of such securities may not then be sold publicly within three months after the date of such notice otherwise than in a public offering under the Securities Act, file a Registration Statement pursuant to the Securities Act, to the end that such securities may be sold under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable from the date of receipt of such notice by the Company; provided that (w) no more than two such demands may be made upon the Company during the period beginning with the Grant Date and ending within two years following the Expiration Date and (x) any demand by the Holder for the filing of a Registration Statement pursuant to the Securities Act shall relate to the registration of at least 150,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock or shares having an aggregate market value at the time of such notice of not less than $1,500,000 (which conditions may be met by aggregating the shares or value of shares of the Holder with those of other persons having registration rights or otherwise participating in such registration), (y) no more than one demand may be made upon the Company during any period of twelve consecutive months, and (z) the Holder shall not require of the Company, in order to register the Warrant Shares, any audit other than the usual audit at the close of the Company's fiscal year unless the Holder bears the cost of such audit. (c) General Provisions. The following provisions shall also be applicable to any such Registration Statement: (1) The Holder shall furnish the Company with such appropriate information (relating to the Holder's intentions) in connection therewith as the Company shall reasonably request in writing. Following the effective date of such Registration Statement, the Company shall, upon the request of the Holder, forthwith supply such number of Prospectuses or offering circulars meeting the requirements of the Securities Act as shall reasonably be requested by the Holder to conduct a public offering pursuant to the Registration Statement. The Company shall file such Blue Sky Applications and use its best efforts to qualify securities included therein for sale in such states as the Holder shall reasonably designate. (2) Except for the first registration under Subsection 9.1(b), all expenses of which, except for any underwriting commission attributable to securities offered by sellers other than the Company, shall be borne by the Company, the Holder shall bear the Holder's pro rata share of the cost and expense directly relating to any registration of securities pursuant to this Section 9.1 (not including Company salaries and expenses), and shall be required to pay the Holder's share of any underwriting commission due in connection with any such sale; the pro rata share of such costs and expenses shall be equal to that percentage of the total securities covered by the Registration Statement represented by the Holder's sale. 9 10 (3) The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Holder and each Underwriter who purchases from or sells for the Holder any Warrant Shares from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities attributable to any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or any Prospectus included therein, required to be filed or furnished by reason of this Section 9.1, or attributable to any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities are attributable to any such statement, omission, or alleged omission based on information furnished or required to be furnished in writing to the Company by and about the Holder or Underwriter expressly for use therein, which indemnification shall include each person, if any, who controls the Holder or any such Underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obliged so to indemnify the Holder or any such Underwriter or controlling person (i) insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities are the result of any underwriter's failure to deliver a current prospectus, if the reason for such failure is that the prospectus made available by the Company is not then current and the Company did not, prior to such failure, notify such underwriter in writing that such prospectus was then no longer current; and (ii) unless the Holder or such underwriter shall at the same time indemnify the Company, its directors, each officer signing a Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities attributable to any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement or any Prospectus or offering circular required to be filed or furnished by reason of this Subsection 9.1, or attributable to any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities are attributable to any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission based on information furnished in writing to the Company by and about the Holder or any such Underwriter expressly for use therein. The procedures with respect to indemnification set forth in the Agreement shall, to the extent not expressly inconsistent with the provisions herein, govern the handling of claims for indemnification hereunder. (4) The Company shall, or will use its best efforts to (i) prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a Registration Statement with respect to the Warrant Shares to be registered or qualified and cause such Registration Statement to become and remain effective; provided, that in the case of an underwritten public offering, the Company shall 10 11 not be required to keep the Registration Statement effective, or to prepare and file any amendments or supplements, later than 90 days after the date on which the Registration Statement becomes effective under the Securities Act, and in the case of a registration for a nonunderwritten shelf offering, the Company shall not be required to register such an offering unless the Company is eligible to use a Form S-3 registration statement and need not maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement after all Warrant Shares covered thereby become eligible for public sale without registration and are no longer subject to the volume and timing limitations of the Commission's Rule 144; and (ii) prepare and file with the Commission amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement and the prospectus or offering circular as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement effective and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all Warrant Shares covered by the Registration Statement whenever the Holder wishes to dispose of the same, subject, however, to the provision contained in (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a registration request pursuant to Section 9.1(a), the Company's best efforts obligation shall in no way limit the Company's right to determine not to file a registration statement or to determine to withdraw any such registration statement if the Company's Board of Directors believes that it is no longer in the best interest of the company to continue with the registration of Shares. (5) The Company shall, in case of a registration or notification, furnish to the Holder, at the time of each disposition of Warrant Shares, an opinion of counsel for the Company acceptable to the Holder to the effect that a Registration Statement covering the Warrants and Warrant Shares has been filed with the Commission under the Securities Act and has become effective, that a prospectus or offering circular complying in form with the requirements of the Securities Act is available for delivery, that no stop order has been issued by the Commission suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or suspending the availability of the offering exemption and that, to the best of counsel's knowledge, no proceedings for the issuance of a stop order are threatened or contemplated. 9.2. Exchange Listing. Prior to the issuance of any Warrant Shares, the Company shall use its best efforts to secure the listing of any such shares upon any securities exchange upon which shares of the Company's Common Stock are listed; the costs of such listing shall be paid by the Company. 9.3. No Obligation to Sell. Neither the giving of any notice nor the making of any request hereunder shall impose any obligation on the selling Holder to sell any Warrant or Warrant Shares. 11 12 9.4. Registration Rights Survive Exercise. The Company's obligations under this Section 9 shall continue in effect, regardless of the exercise or surrender of this Warrant, and shall inure to the benefit of each Holder of any of the Warrants or Warrant Shares. The Company's obligations under this Section 9 shall expire, however, with respect to a Warrant or Warrant Share which shall have been sold in a public offering registered under the Securities Act or in a sale exempt from such registration if thereafter such Warrant Shares are eligible for resale to the public without restriction. 10. TRANSFER RESTRICTION 10.1. General. Anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, this Warrant may not be partially or fully assigned, transferred, hypothecated or sold except that it may be assigned in whole or in part to (a) any subsidiary or other affiliated company of Holder, (b) partnerships in which the general partners are Holder or parties described in (a) above, (c) successors to Holder, whether by merger, consolidation, liquidation, dissolution or otherwise, (d) a purchaser of substantially all of the assets of Holder, or (e) to an investment banking brokerage firm of Holder's choice which is reasonably acceptable to the Company, and except that (i) transfers of this Warrant in the manner contemplated by Subsection 10.2 or by operation of law shall be permitted and (ii) in the event that Holder desires to assign this Warrant in accordance with paragraph 10.1(e) hereof, it shall first grant to the Company the right, exercisable within 60 days of Holder's notice to the Company of its intention to so assign, to purchase all of the shares which are to be the subject of the assignment to an investment banking/brokerage firm, on the same terms and conditions as to both purchase price and timing of closing as Holder has received from such investment banking/brokerage firm. Any such assignment or transfer shall be made by surrender of this Warrant to the Company or at the office of its transfer agent, if any, with the Form of Assignment annexed hereto as Schedule 10. I duly executed and funds sufficient to pay any transfer tax, whereupon the Company shall, without charge, execute and deliver a new warrant in the name of the assignee, and this Warrant shall promptly be canceled. 10.2. Securities Law Compliance. Except as provided in Subsection 10. 1 above, this Warrant and the Warrant Shares may not be sold or otherwise disposed of except as follows: (i) in a transaction which, in the opinion, satisfactory in form and substance to the Company, of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company, is a transaction in which this Warrant or the Warrant Shares may legally be 12 13 transferred without registration and without the delivery of a current prospectus or offering circular with respect thereto; or (ii) as to the Warrant Shares, to any person upon delivery of a prospectus or offering circular then meeting the requirements of the Securities Act relating to such securities (as to which a Registration Statement under the Securities Act shall then be in effect) and the offering thereof for such sale or disposition. 11. WARRANTIES AND REPRESENTATIONS (a) The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties, each of which is true and correct on the date hereof and each of which the Company acknowledges may be relied upon by Holder. 11.1. Corporate Existence and Qualification of the Company. The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Company has the corporate power and authority to own and use its properties and to transact the business in which the Company is engaged, holds all franchises, licenses and permits necessary and required therefor. 11.2. Approval of Agreements. The execution and delivery of the Agreement and this Warrant was authorized and approved by the Company's board of directors at a meeting held on September 25, 1992. Following such authorization and approval, the Company has full power and authority to enter into the Agreement and this warrant and to perform its obligations thereunder, and neither the execution or the performance of the Agreement or the Warrant nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby will result in the breach of- any statute or regulation of the United States or the State of Delaware or will conflict with or result in the breach of or default by the Company of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company or will result in the acceleration of any obligation of the Company under any material agreement, instrument, decree, order, judgment or other restriction to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound. (b) The Holder makes the following representations and warranties, each of which is true and correct on the date hereof, and each of which the Holder acknowledges may be relied upon by the Company. 11.3. Investment Intent. Holder is purchasing this Warrant and, upon exercise of this Warrant, the Warrant Shares, for its own account and not for the account of others, for investment purposes only and not with a view to the distribution thereof; and Holder is a sophisticated investor, able to bear the economic risk of loss or lack of liquidity of its investment, and has had access to such information concerning the Company as was or would be available in a Registration Statement. 13 14 11.4. Corporate Authority. Holder has full power and corporate authority to enter into this Agreement, without conflict or breach of any of the terms or provisions of its Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or any other express obligation to which Holder is a party or by which it is bound. 12. MISCELLANEOUS 12.1. Successor and Assigns. The covenants and provisions of this Warrant shall bind and inure to the benefit of successors and permitted assigns of the parties. 12.2. Notice. Notice or demand pursuant to this Warrant to be given or made by the Holder to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed, until another address is designated in writing by the Company, as follows: Oncogene Science, Inc. 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard Uniondale, N.Y. 11553 Attention: President Notice or demand pursuant to this Warrant to be given or made by the Company to or on Holder shall be sufficiently given or made if sent by first-class mail, postage prepaid, addressed, until another is designated in writing by Holder, as follows: Marion Merrell Dow Inc. 9300 Ward Parkway Kansas City, Missouri 64114 Attention: Vice President and General Counsel 12.3. Applicable Law. The validity, interpretation and performances of this Warrant shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. 12.4. Nonredeemability. This Warrant shall not be redeemable by the Company without the Holder's prior written consent. 12.5. Headings. The Article headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this warrant and shall not affect the interpretation thereof. 14 15 12.6. Schedules. The Schedules attached hereto are incorporated herein by this reference as though fully set forth in this Common Stock Warrant. ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. By: ________________________________ Title: _____________________________ MARION MERRELL DOW INC. By: ________________________________ Title:______________________________ 15 16 SCHEDULE 2.2 EXERCISE FORM (To Be Executed by the Warrant Holder If He Desires to Exercise the Warrant in Whole Or In Part) TO: Oncogene Science, Inc. ______________________ ______________________ The undersigned, Marion Merrell Dow Inc., hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right of purchase represented by the within Warrant for, and to purchase thereunder _______________ shares of Common Stock provided for therein and tenders payment herewith to the order of Oncogene Science, Inc. in the amount of $ _______________________. The undersigned requests that certificates for such shares of Common Stock be issued as follows: Name: _________________________ Address: _________________________ Deliver to: _________________________ Address: _________________________ and, if said number of shares of Common Stock shall not be all the shares of Common Stock purchasable hereunder, that the Warrant be endorsed to indicate the balance remaining of the shares of Common Stock purchasable under the Warrant and the Warrant as so endorsed then be returned to Marion Merrell Dow Inc. at: Address: 9300 Ward Parkway Kansas City, Missouri 64114 Attention: Vice President and General Counsel MARION MERRELL DOW INC. By: ________________________________ Title:______________________________ Date: ______________________________ 16 17 SCHEDULE 10.1 FORM OF ASSIGNMENT (To Be Signed Only Upon Assignment) FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto ______________________________________ the right to purchase ________ shares of Common Stock evidenced by the within Warrant, and appoints __________________________ to transfer the same on the books of Oncogene Science, Inc. with the full power of substitution in the premises. MARION MERRELL DOW INC. By: ________________________________ Title:______________________________ Date: ______________________________ Signature Guaranteed: _____________________________ 17 EX-10.32 3 STOCK SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT 1 Portions of this Exhibit 10.32 have been redacted and are the subject of a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2 STOCK SUBSCRIPTION Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. July 17, 1997 To Helicon Therapeutics, Inc.: The undersigned hereby subscribes for ** shares of Series A Preferred Stock, $.001 par value per share, of Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") and agrees to contribute as total consideration therefor to the Company ** pursuant to the License and Services Agreement between the Company and Oncogene Science, Inc. ("OSI") attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "License and Services Agreement"), (ii) a non-exclusive, royalty-free license, pursuant to the License and Services Agreement, to use certain screening technology and commercialize products which are the subject of an OSI patent application covering a method of screening and modulation transcription and (iii) ** in cash. - ----------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 3 The undersigned hereby agrees, represents, and warrants that: (1) It is acquiring such shares for its own account (and not for the account of others) for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof; (2) It has access to the same kind of information which would be available in a registration statement filed under the Securities Act of 1933; (3) It is a sophisticated investor; (4) It understands that it may not sell or otherwise dispose of such shares in the absence of either a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 or an exemption from the registration provisions of the Securities Act of 1933; and (5) The certificates representing such shares may contain a legend to the effect of (4) above. Very truly yours, Oncogene Science, Inc. By: _____________________________ Name: Robert L. Van Nostrand Title: Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Accepted and Accepted: Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. By: _______________________________ Name: Arthur M. Bruskin, Ph.D. Title: Vice President EX-10.33 4 LICENSE AND SERVICES AGREEMENT 1 Portions of this Exhibit 10.33 have been redacted and are the subject of a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2 EXHIBIT A TO SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT LICENSE AND SERVICES AGREEMENT This LICENSE AND SERVICES AGREEMENT, made the 17th day of July, 1997, by and between Oncogene Science, Inc. ("OSI"), a Delaware corporation having its principal place of business at 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard, Uniondale, New York 11553, and Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. ("Company"), a Delaware corporation, having its principal place of business at 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard, Uniondale, New York 11553. WHEREAS, the Company was organized to discover, develop and market pharmaceutical products; and WHEREAS, OSI is engaged in research relating to molecular screening and modulation transcription; and WHEREAS, the Company wishes to obtain the use of certain proprietary technology controlled by OSI for identifying the effect of compounds on genes and gene expression which is useful in the process of developing products for the treatment and prevention of human disease; and WHEREAS, the Company wishes to obtain the services of OSI in molecular screening; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements and covenants herein and for other valuable consideration, receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, it is mutually agreed and covenanted by and among the parties to this Agreement that: 1. Licenses. a. OSI hereby grants to the Company a world-wide, ** , non-exclusive license for a period of ten years, beginning as of the date of the issuance of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value per share, of the Company ("Preferred Stock") to OSI pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Agreement, in the Field ("long term memory and modulation of CREB** activity in synaptic plasticity"), to use the technology and to commercialize the products which are the subject of patent - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment request. 3 applications with numbers as set forth in Exhibit 1 hereto ("Applications") [and certain other technology, all] covering a method of screening and modulation transcription. However, if any patent or patents ("Patents") are issued as the result of the Applications, the rights granted under this paragraph 1(a) will terminate as to the territory within the scope of the Patents and the provisions of paragraph 1(b) below shall apply. b. OSI hereby grants to the Company a ** , non-exclusive license, for a period beginning on the date of the first issuance of the Patents and terminating on the date of the last expiration of the Patents, in the Field, to use and commercialize the "Patent Rights," which are (i) all Patents issued from the Applications or from divisionals or continuations of the Applications, (ii) all claims of United States and foreign continuation-in-part applications and patents which are directed to subject matter specifically described in the Applications, (iii) all claims of all foreign patent applications and patents which are directed to subject matter specifically described in the United States patents and/or patent applications described in (i) or (ii), and (iv) any reissues or reexaminations or United States patents described in (i), (ii) or (iii). c. The licenses granted in paragraphs 1(a) and 1(b) may by mutual agreement be extended on a case by case basis. 2. The Company recognizes that the Applications contain highly valuable proprietary, confidential information ("Confidential Information") and agrees that, until the Applications have been finally processed by the applicable governmental entity, it will (i) keep confidential, and cause its employees to keep confidential, all Confidential Information, and (ii) not use Confidential Information except as expressly permitted in this Agreement. The Company also agrees that disclosure of the Confidential Information to any officer, employee, agent or consultant shall be made only if and to the extent necessary to carry out the Company's responsibilities under, first, the Collaborative Research and License Agreement ("Collaboration Agreement") by and between Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. and the Company, to be entered, and, second, the Funded Research and License Agreement ("Research Agreement") by and between CSHL and the Company, heretofore or hereafter entered, and shall be limited to the maximum extent possible consistent with such responsibilities. The Company agrees not to disclose Confidential Information to any third party under any circumstance without written permission. The Company shall take such action to preserve the confidentiality of the Confidential Information as it would customarily take to preserve the confidentiality of its own confidential information. The Company represents that all of its employees which shall have access to the Confidential Information are bound by agreement to maintain such information in confidence. Confidential Information will be so designated by OSI in writing at the time of disclosure - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment request. -2- 4 to the Company, and will include that information which as of the date of disclosure to the Company is not (a) known to the Company other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to the Company by OSI, or (b) disclosed in the published literature, or otherwise generally known to the public, or (c) obtained from a third party that has no obligation of confidentiality to OSI. 3. OSI represents and warrants to the Company that (a) it is the holder of the Applications, (b) it has the right to grant the licenses granted in this Agreement, (c) there are no claims made against the Applications, and that (d) the licenses granted do not conflict with or violate the terms of any agreement between CSHL and any third party. 4. Protection of Rights. a. Each party shall promptly notify the other party in writing of any alleged or threatened infringement of the Patents of which it becomes aware. OSI shall have the right but not the obligation to bring, at its own expense and in its sole control, an appropriate action against any person or entity infringing the Patents. The Company shall be entitled to separate representation in the matter by counsel of its own choice and at its own expense, and shall fully cooperate with OSI in prosecuting the action. b. If OSI or the Company is sued by a third party for infringement of a patent because of the Company's exercise of the rights granted in this Agreement, the party which has been sued shall promptly notify the other party in writing of the institution of the suit. The Company shall give to OSI all authority (including the right to exclusive control of the defense of any such suit, action, or proceeding and the exclusive right to compromise, litigate, settle or otherwise dispose of any such suit, action or proceeding), information and assistance necessary to defend or settle any such suit, action or proceeding. OSI shall bear the expenses for defending against any alleged infringement due to the exercise of the rights granted in this Agreement. OSI agrees to defend, protect, indemnify and hold harmless the Company from and against any loss or expense arising from any claim of a third party that it has been granted rights by OSI and that the Company in exercising its rights granted to it by OSI pursuant to this Agreement, has infringed upon the rights granted to such third party by OSI. 5. OSI will provide, during a one year period beginning as of the date of the issuance of the Preferred Stock by the Company to OSI pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Agreement, ** . OSI's collaborative rate is based upon**, allocated in the same manner as OSI does in its other collaborative research programs; an - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment request. -3- 5 example of OSI's collaborative rate calculations is set forth in the initial budget for the Company. Initially, the collaborative rate for the Services is as set forth in Schedule A to this Agreement. The Services will be provided according to a Work Plan which will be established by the parties on a quarterly basis. For the first three month period, beginning as of the date of the issuance of the Preferred Stock by the Company to OSI pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Agreement, the Work Plan is set forth in Schedule B to this Agreement. 6. In consideration for the rights granted herein, the Company will issue to OSI ** shares of its Preferred Stock within two days of the date of this Agreement as more fully set forth in the Subscription Agreement. 7. Should ownership or control of the Company change due to a transaction or related series of transactions which result in more than fifty percent of the Company's voting stock being transferred to a single entity or related group of entities within a six month period, or in the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of its business, the Company shall inform OSI in writing of the relevant event within thirty days of its occurrence. If the acquiring entity does not agree in writing to assume and be bound by the obligations of this Agreement by providing written notice thereof to OSI within thirty days of the date the written notice of the occurrence of the event is provided to OSI, OSI may, at any subsequent time but not later than ninety days following receipt of notice of occurrence of the event, terminate the licenses and the Services provided pursuant to this Agreement upon giving three months prior written notice. 8. OSI may terminate the licenses and the Services provided pursuant to this Agreement upon thirty days written notice if, at any time, the Company files a petition in bankruptcy or insolvency before the courts or applies for the appointment of a receiver or trustee for all of its assets or any part thereof, or if the Company proposes a written agreement of consolidation or extension of debts, or if the Company is served with an involuntary petition against it, filed in any insolvency proceeding, and such petition is not dismissed within sixty days after its filing, or if the Company proposes or is a party to any dissolution or liquidation, or if the Company makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors. 9. The parties each represents and warrants that: a. It is an entity duly organized, validly existing and is in good standing under the laws of its domicile, is qualified to do business and is in good standing as a corporation in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the ownership of its properties requires such qualification and has all requisite power and authority to conduct its business as now being conducted, to own, lease and operate its properties and to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a confidential treatment request. -4- 6 b. The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary action and do not and will not (i) require any consent or approval of its stockholders (other than that which has been obtained), (ii) violate any provision of any law, rule, regulation, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award presently in effect having applicability to it or any provision of its charter, organization agreement or by-laws or (iii) result in a breach of or constitute a default under any material agreement, mortgage, lease, license, permit or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or affected. c. This Agreement is a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms and conditions, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws, from time to time in effect, affecting creditor's rights generally. 10. All notices shall be mailed via certified mail, return receipt requested, or courier addressed as follows, or to such other address as may be designated from time to time: If to OSI: At its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement Attn.: Arthur Bruskin, Ph.D. Oncogene Science, Inc. 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard Uniondale, NY 11553 If to the Company: At its address as set forth at the beginning of this Agreement Attn.: Walter Lovenberg, Ph.D. Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard Uniondale, NY 11553 Notices shall be deemed given as of the date of receipt. 11. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. 12. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement may not be assigned by either party, except that the parties may assign this Agreement and their rights and interest, in whole or in part, to any of their affiliates, any purchaser of all -5- 7 or substantially all of its assets or to any successor corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation with or into such corporation. 13. This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded or canceled, and any of its terms may be waived, only by a written instrument executed by each party or, in the case of waiver, by the party or parties waiving compliance. The delay or failure of any party at any time or times to require performance of any provision shall in no manner affect the rights at a later time to enforce the same. 14. No person not a party to this Agreement shall have or acquire any rights by reason of this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to constitute the parties partners with each other or any other person or entity. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives. Oncogene Science, Inc. By:__________________________________ Title:_______________________________ Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. By:__________________________________ Title:_______________________________ -6- EX-10.34 5 STOCKHOLDERS AGREEMENT 1 Portions of this Exhibit 10.34 have been redacted and are the subject of a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2 STOCKHOLDERS' AGREEMENT THIS STOCKHOLDERS' AGREEMENT, dated July 17, 1997 is entered into by and among Helicon Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Corporation") and those stockholders of the Corporation listed on Schedule 1 hereto (hereinafter referred to collectively as the "Investors"). W I T N E S S E T H: WHEREAS, the Corporation was organized to discover, develop and market pharmaceutical products; and WHEREAS, the Corporation and certain of the Investors entered into a Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated of even date herewith (the "Series A Stock Purchase Agreement") in connection with which the Corporation sold shares of its Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share, and the Corporation granted to such Investors certain registration and other rights with respect to such shares; and WHEREAS, OSI, in consideration of the issuance of ** shares of Preferred Shares of the Corporation to OSI pursuant to the Series A Stock Purchase Agreement, has contributed to the Corporation (i) ** , (ii) a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use screening technology (as defined herein) and commercialize products which are the subject of an OSI patent application covering a method of screening and modulation transcription and (iii) ** and WHEREAS, CSHL, in consideration of the issuance of ** shares of Preferred Shares of the Corporation pursuant to the Series A Stock Purchase Agreement, has contributed to the Corporation (i) an exclusive royalty free license to commercialize technology which is the subject of a CSHL patent application covering a method of cloning and characterizing genes associated with long-term memory, under which CSHL shall be entitled to reimbursement from the Corporation for patent and related expenses and (ii) ** and WHEREAS, an aggregate of ** shares of Senior Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, and Ordinary Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Corporation has been issued to certain CSHL individuals, as more fully set forth on Schedule 1, subject to vesting as provided thereon; and WHEREAS, the parties to this Agreement believe it is in their mutual best interests to provide for continuity and harmony in the management and the policies of the Corporation; and - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 3 WHEREAS, the parties hereto, inter alia, are entering into this Agreement for the mutual purposes of (a) providing for the management of the Corporation and (b) providing for certain restrictions on transfer of the Preferred Stock or Common Stock, as the case may be. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the respective covenants and undertakings of the Corporation and the Investors hereunder and under the Series A Stock Purchase Agreement, as the case may be, the parties hereto do hereby agree as follows: SECTION 1. Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following respective meanings: "Board" shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation. "Budget" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.9 hereof. "Certificate" shall mean the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 10, 1997, as amended from time to time. "Commission" shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. "Common Stock" shall mean the Senior Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, and Ordinary Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Corporation. "CSHL" shall mean Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, a New York corporation. "Environmental Laws" shall mean all applicable federal, state and local laws, ordinances, rules and regulations that regulate, fix liability for, or otherwise relate to, the handling, use (including use in industrial processes, in construction, as building materials, or otherwise), storage and disposal of hazardous and toxic wastes and substances, and to the discharge, leakage, presence, migration, threatened release or release (whether by disposal, a discharge into any water source or system or into the air, or otherwise) of any pollutant or effluent. Without limiting the preceding sentence, the term "Environmental Laws" shall specifically include the following federal and state laws, as amended: FEDERAL Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.; 2 4 Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.; and Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. STATE NEW YORK ENVIRONMENTAL STATUTES Environmental Conservation Law 1-0101 et seq. "Equity Percentage" shall mean, as to any Investor, that percentage figure which expresses the ratio that (a) the number of shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock then owned by such Investor bears to (b) the aggregate number of shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock then owned by all Investors. For purposes solely of the computation set forth in clauses (a) and (b) above, all issued and outstanding securities held by the Investors that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock (including any issued and issuable shares of Preferred Stock) or for any such convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities, shall be treated as having been so converted, exercised or exchanged at the rate or price at which such securities are convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock in effect at the time in question (which, for purposes of Section 2.3 of this Agreement, shall be at the time of delivery by the Corporation of the notice of the Offer contemplated by Section 2.3(b), whether or not such securities are at such time immediately convertible, exercisable or exchangeable. "Excess Securities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(d) hereof. "Excess Securities Notice" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(d) hereof. "Excess Securities Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(d) hereof. "Exchange Act" shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. "Exchange Act Registration Statement" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.6 hereof. "Excluded Forms" shall have the meaning given such term in Section 3.5 hereof. "Excluded Securities" shall mean, collectively: (i) the Reserved Shares; (ii) Common Stock issued or issuable to officers, directors or employees of or consultants or independent contractors to the Corporation, pursuant to any written agreement, plan 3 5 or arrangement, to purchase, or rights to subscribe for, such Common Stock, that has been approved in form and in substance by the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding; (iii) any securities issued upon the exercise of any rights, options or warrants to purchase such capital stock or exchange of any convertible or exchangeable securities; (iv) any securities issued pursuant to the acquisition of another corporation by the Corporation by merger or purchase of all or substantially all assets of that corporation whereby the Corporation owns not less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the voting power or assets of such corporation following such merger or purchase of all or substantially all of such corporation's assets which acquisition has been approved in accordance with the Certificate; or (v) any securities issued as a stock dividend or upon any stock split or other subdivision of shares of Common Stock. "Fixed Royalty Payments" shall mean the fixed royalty payments referred to in the Roche Research Agreement. "Hazardous Materials" shall include without limitation, any flammable explosives, petroleum products, petroleum byproducts, radioactive materials, hazardous wastes, hazardous substances, toxic substances or other similar materials regulated by Environmental Laws. "Investors" shall mean each of the persons listed on Schedule 1 hereto, severally but not jointly and severally. "Large Stockholders" shall mean (i) ** and (ii) ** "Notice of Acceptance" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(c) hereof. "Offer" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(b) hereof. "Offered Securities" shall mean, except for Excluded Securities, (i) any shares of Common Stock, Preferred Stock or any other equity security of the Corporation, (ii) any debt security or capitalized lease with any equity feature with respect to the Corporation (except as may be issued to banks or leasing companies in order to obtain financing or secure leases of equipment), or (iii) any option, warrant or other right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire any such equity security, debt security or capitalized lease (except as may be issued to banks or leasing companies in order to obtain financing or secure leases of equipment). - ---------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 4 6 "OSI" shall mean Oncogene Science, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "Other Shares" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.5(e) hereof. "Preferred Shares" shall mean the Series A Preferred Shares. "Preferred Shares Investors" shall mean Roche, OSI and CSHL. "Preferred Stock" shall mean the Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Corporation. "Property" shall include, without limitation, land, buildings and laboratory facilities owned or leased by the Corporation or as to which the Corporation now has any duties, responsibilities (for clean-up, remedy or otherwise) or liabilities under any Environmental Laws, or as to which the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation may have such duties, responsibilities or liabilities because of past acts or omissions of the Corporation or any such subsidiary or their predecessors, or because the Corporation or any such subsidiary or their predecessors in the past was such an owner or operator of, or bore some other relationship with, such land, buildings and/or laboratory facilities. "Refused Securities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(f) hereof. "Reserved Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock reserved by the Corporation for issuance upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares. "Restricted Securities" shall mean any of (a) the Series A Preferred Shares and the Common Stock issued or issuable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares, (b) all shares of Common Stock issued or issuable in respect thereof by way of stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or like occurrences, and (c) any other shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Corporation which are convertible into or exercisable for (i) shares of Common Stock or (ii) securities convertible into or exercisable for shares of Common Stock (including, without limitation, other classes or series of Convertible Preferred Stock, warrants, options or other rights to purchase Common Stock or convertible debentures or other convertible debt securities) and the Common Stock issued or issuable upon such conversion or exercise of such other securities, which may be issued hereafter to any of the Investors, have not been sold (A) in connection with an effective registration statement filed pursuant to the Securities Act, or (B) pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Act. "Restricted Shares" shall mean the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon the conversion or exchange of the Restricted Securities or otherwise constituting a portion of the Restricted Securities. 5 7 "Roche" shall mean ** "Roche Research Agreement" means the Collaborative Research and Licensing Agreement, of even date herewith, between the Corporation and Roche. "Securities Act" shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. "Series A Preferred Shares" shall mean shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued pursuant to the Series A Stock Purchase Agreement. "Series A Preferred Stock" shall mean Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Corporation. "Series A Stock Purchase Agreement" shall mean the Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, among the Corporation and certain of the Investors listed on Schedule 1 thereto. "Stockholders" shall mean all holders of capital stock of the Corporation. "Target Month" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.8(a) hereof. "Termination Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5 hereof. "30-Day Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(b) hereof. "Transfer" shall include any disposition of any Restricted Securities or of any interest therein which would constitute a sale thereof within the meaning of the Securities Act. SECTION 2. Certain Covenants of the Corporation. 2.1 Meetings of the Board of Directors. The Corporation shall call, and use its best efforts to have, regular meetings of the Board not less often than quarterly. The Corporation shall pay all reasonable and appropriately documented travel expenses and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by directors who are not employed by the Corporation in connection with attendance at meetings to transact the business of the Corporation or attendance at meetings of the Board or any committee thereof. 2.2 Reservation of Shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock, Etc. The Corporation shall at all times have authorized and reserved out of its authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock to provide for the conversion - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 6 8 of the Series A Preferred Shares. Neither the issuance of the Series A Preferred shares, nor the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares, shall be subject to a preemptive right of any other Stockholder. 2.3 Right of First Refusal. (a) The Corporation shall not issue, sell or exchange, agree to issue, sell or exchange, or reserve or set aside for issuance, sale or exchange, any Offered Securities unless in each case the Corporation shall have first offered to sell to the Preferred Shares Investors all of such Offered Securities on the terms set forth herein. Each Preferred Shares Investor shall be entitled to purchase up to its pro rata share of the Offered Securities based upon its relative Equity Percentage (the "Equity Percentage"). (b) The Corporation shall deliver to each Preferred Shares Investor written notice of the offer to sell the Offered Securities, specifying the price and terms and conditions of the offer (the "Offer"). The Offer by its terms shall remain open and irrevocable for a period of 30 days from the date of its delivery to such Preferred Shares Investor (the "30-Day Period"), subject to extension to include the Excess Securities Period (as such term is hereinafter defined). (c) Each Preferred Shares Investor shall evidence its intention to accept the Offer by delivering a written notice signed by the Preferred Shares Investor setting forth the number of shares that the Preferred Shares Investor elects to purchase (the "Notice of Acceptance"). The Notice of Acceptance must be delivered to the Corporation prior to the end of the 30-Day Period. (d) If any Preferred Shares Investor fails to exercise its right hereunder to purchase its Equity Percentage of the Offered Securities, the Corporation shall so notify the other Preferred Shares Investors in a written notice (the "Excess Securities Notice"). The Excess Securities Notice shall be given once by the Corporation with respect to all Preferred Shares Investors promptly after it learns of the intention of one or more Preferred Shares Investors not to purchase all of its or their Equity Percentage of the Offered Securities, but in no event later than ten (10) days after the expiration of the 30-Day Period. The Preferred Shares Investors who or which have agreed to purchase their Equity Percentage of the Offered Securities shall have the right to purchase the portion not purchased by such other Preferred Shares Investors (the "Excess Securities"), in amounts based on the relative stock ownership in the Corporation of each purchasing Preferred Shares Investor, by giving written notice within ten (10) days after receipt of the Excess Securities Notice from the Corporation. The twenty (20) day period during which (i) the Corporation must give the Excess Securities Notice to the other Preferred Shares Investors, and (ii) each of the other Preferred Shares Investors must give the Corporation notice of its intention to purchase all or any portion of its pro rata share of the Excess Securities, is hereinafter referred to as the "Excess Securities Period." (e) If the Preferred Shares Investors tender their Notice of Acceptance prior to the end of the 30-Day Period indicating their intention to purchase all of the Offered Securities or, if 7 9 prior to the termination of the Excess Securities Period, the Preferred Shares Investors tender Excess Securities Notices to purchase all of the Excess Securities, the Corporation shall schedule a closing of the sale of all such Offered Securities. Upon the closing of the sale of the Offered Securities to be purchased by the Preferred Shares Investors, each Preferred Shares Investor shall (i) purchase from the Corporation that portion of the Offered Securities (including the Excess Securities) for which it tendered a Notice of Acceptance and an Excess Securities Notice, if applicable, upon the terms specified in the Offer, and (ii) execute and deliver an agreement further restricting transfer of such Offered Securities substantially as set forth in Section 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of this Agreement. In addition, with respect to the Offered Securities being purchased by the Preferred Shares Investors, the Corporation shall provide each such Preferred Shares Investor with the rights and benefits set forth in this Agreement. The obligation of the Preferred Shares Investors to purchase such Offered Securities is further conditioned upon the preparation of a purchase agreement embodying the terms of the Offer, which shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to such Preferred Shares Investor and the Preferred Shares Investor's counsel. (f) The Corporation shall have ninety (90) days from the expiration of the 30-Day Period, or the Excess Securities Period, if applicable, to sell the Offered Securities (including the Excess Securities) refused by the Preferred Shares Investors (the "Refused Securities") to any other person or persons, but only upon terms and conditions which are in all material respects (including, without limitation, price and interest rate) no more favorable to such other person or persons, and no less favorable to the Corporation, than those set forth in the Offer. Upon and subject to the closing of the sale of all of the Refused Securities (which shall include full payment to the Corporation), each Preferred Shares Investor shall (i) purchase from the Corporation those Offered Securities (including the Excess Securities) for which it tendered a Notice of Acceptance and an Excess Securities Notice, if applicable, upon the terms specified in the Offer, and (ii) execute and deliver an agreement restricting transfer of such Offered Securities (including the Excess Securities) substantially as set forth in Sections 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 of this Agreement. In addition, with respect to the Offered Securities being purchased by the Preferred Shares Investors, the Corporation shall provide each such Preferred Shares Investor with the rights and benefits set forth in this Agreement. The obligation of the Preferred Shares Investor to purchase such Offered Securities (including the Excess Securities) is further conditioned upon the preparation of a purchase agreement embodying the terms of the Offer, which shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to such Preferred Shares Investor and the Preferred Shares Investor's counsel. The Corporation shall not make any purchase of Offered Securities utilizing the funds of the Corporation. (g) In each case, any Offered Securities not purchased either by the Preferred Shares Investors or by any other person in accordance with this Section 2.3 may not be sold or otherwise disposed of until they are again offered to the Preferred Shares Investors under the procedures specified in Paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) hereof. (h) Each Preferred Shares Investor may, by prior written consent, waive its rights under this Section 2.3. Such a waiver shall be deemed a limited waiver and shall only apply to the extent specifically set forth in the written consent of such Preferred Shares Investor. 8 10 2.4 Purchase of Common Stock or Other Securities. Roche shall have the right to purchase additional shares of Common Stock or other securities (as provided below, if an initial public offering of any securities of the Corporation has not yet taken place) within sixty (60) days of its making of each Fixed Royalty Payment pursuant to the Collaboration Agreement between it and the Corporation. The number of such new shares shall equal the Fixed Royalty Payment divided by (a) if prior to the Termination Date, the lowest price per share at which the Corporation issued shares of Common Stock or other securities (based in good faith on the convertibility of such other securities into Common Stock) within the six (6) months prior to the purchase by Roche (or within the twelve (12) months prior to the purchase by Roche if no shares of Common Stock or other securities (if an initial public offering of any securities of the Corporation has not yet taken place) were issued within such six (6) month period; or if no shares of Common Stock or other securities (if an initial public offering of any securities of the Corporation has not yet taken place) were issued within such twelve (12) month period, the fair market value of the shares of Common Stock or other securities (if an initial public offering of any securities of the Corporation has not yet taken place) as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors) (excluding any Excluded Securities) and (b) if after the Termination Date, ** of the market price of Common Stock for investment at the time of the Fixed Royalty Payment. "Market price" per share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices for the thirty (30) consecutive trading days immediately preceding the Fixed Royalty Payment date and the closing price for each day shall be the last reported sales price regular way or, in case no such reported sale takes place on such day, the closing bid price regular way, in either case on the principal national securities exchange (including, for purposes hereof, the NASDAQ National Market System) on which the Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading or, if the Common Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the highest reported bid price for the Common Stock as furnished by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. through NASDAQ or a similar organization if NASDAQ is no longer reporting such information. If on any such date the Common Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange and is not quoted by NASDAQ or any similar organization, the fair value of a share of Common Stock on such date, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, whose determination shall be conclusive absent manifest error, shall be used. Upon any such sale to Roche, each other Preferred Shares Investor shall have the right to proportionally increase its percentage of the outstanding capital stock, pari passu with Roche's proportional increase in its percentage of the outstanding capital stock, by subscribing for and purchasing such number of additional shares of Common Stock or other securities at the - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 9 11 same price as paid by Roche as is necessary to proportionally increase the percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock owned by such other Preferred Shares Investor immediately prior to the sale to Roche by the same proportional increase in Roche's percentage of outstanding shares of capital stock as a result of the sale to Roche. Roche's right to purchase additional shares of Common Stock shall expire only upon the expiration of its Collaboration Agreement entered into as of July 1, 1997 with Hoffman-La Roche Inc. 2.5 Negative Covenants. (a) Required Approvals. The Corporation shall not, directly or indirectly, take any of the actions specified in Article III, Section A.5(c) of the Certificate without the prior written consent or vote of the holders of seventy percent (70%) of the then outstanding Preferred Shares, determined in accordance with Section A.5(a) of the Certificate. In addition, the Corporation shall not, directly or indirectly, take any of the actions specified in Article V, Section A.2 of the Certificate without the written approval of the Board, including Series A Preferred Directors as that term is used in the Certificate. (b) Stock and Option Agreements. Without the prior written consent or vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding Preferred Shares, determined in accordance with Section A.5(a) of Article III of the Certificate (including, in such calculation, any outstanding Restricted Shares held by such holders), the Corporation shall not issue any shares of Common Stock or options, warrants or other rights to acquire Common Stock or other securities of the Corporation to any employee, officer, director, consultant, independent contractor or other person or entity except for Excluded Securities. (c) Registration Rights. The Corporation shall not hereafter grant to any persons any rights to register or qualify stock of the Corporation under federal or state securities laws, unless it shall have first obtained the written consent of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Preferred Shares then outstanding, determined in accordance with Section A.5(a) of Article III of the Certificate (including, in such calculation, any outstanding Restricted Shares held by such holders). 2.6 Filing of Reports Under the Exchange Act. The Corporation shall give prompt notice to the holders of Preferred Shares, and ** of (i) the filing of any registration statement or other appropriate approved form (an "Exchange Act Registration Statement") pursuant to the Exchange Act, relating to any class of equity securities of the Corporation, (ii) the effectiveness of such Exchange Act Registration Statement, and (iii) the number of shares of such class of equity securities outstanding, as reported in such Exchange Act Registration Statement, in order to enable the Investors to - ---------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 10 12 comply with any reporting requirements under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. Upon the written request of a majority in interest of the holders of Preferred Shares, the Corporation shall, at any time after the Corporation has registered any shares of Common Stock under the Securities Act, file an Exchange Act Registration Statement relating to any class of equity securities of the Corporation then held by the holders of Preferred Shares or issuable upon conversion or exercise of any class of debt or equity securities or warrants or options of the Corporation then held by the Investors, whether or not the class of equity securities with respect to which such request is made shall be held by the number of persons which would require the filing of a registration statement under Section 12(g)(1) of the Exchange Act. (a) If the Corporation shall have filed an Exchange Act Registration Statement or a registration statement (including an offering circular under Regulation A promulgated under the Securities Act) pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, which shall have become effective (and in any event, at all times following the initial public offering of any of the securities of the Corporation), then the Corporation shall comply with all of the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act (whether or not it shall be required to do so) and shall comply with all other public information reporting requirements of the Commission as a condition to the availability of an exemption from the Securities Act for the sale of any of the Restricted Securities by any holder of Restricted Securities (including any such exemption pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A thereof, as amended from time to time, or any successor rule thereto or otherwise). The Corporation shall cooperate with each holder of Restricted Securities in supplying such information as may be necessary for such holder of Restricted Securities to complete and file any information reporting forms presently or hereafter required by the Commission as a condition to the availability of an exemption from the Securities Act (under Rule 144 or Rule 144A thereunder or otherwise) for the sale of any of the Restricted Securities by any holder of Restricted Securities. In particular, the Corporation shall furnish to any holder of Restricted Securities upon request, (i) a written statement by the Corporation as to its compliance with the reporting requirements of Rule 144 (at any time after 90 days after the effective date of the Exchange Act Registration Statement), the Securities Act and the Exchange Act (at any time after it has become subject to such reporting requirements) or as to whether it qualifies as a registrant whose securities may be sold on a registration statement on Form S-3, and (ii) a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Corporation and such other reports and documents filed by the Corporation with the Commission. 2.7 Access to Records. The Corporation shall afford to each of the Investors and such Investor's employees, counsel and other authorized representatives, free and full access, at all reasonable times and for reasonable periods of time, to all of the books, records and properties of the Corporation and to all officers of the Corporation, subject to the limitations set in Section 2.16. 2.8 Financial Reports. Until such time that the Corporation has a class of its equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and is required to file reports thereunder pursuant to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, except with respect to the obligation set forth in 11 13 Section 2.8(e) hereunder which shall survive such time, the Corporation shall furnish each of the Investors with the financial information described below, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 2.16 below: (a) Upon receipt of a request from any of the Large Stockholders prior to the end of a monthly accounting period, the Corporation shall deliver to such Large Stockholders, within 30 days after the last day of each month (the "Target Month") (or such other calendar period as is approved by the Board), unaudited financial statements, including a balance sheet as of the last date of such Target Month, a statement of income (or monthly operating expenses) for such month, together with a cumulative statement of income from the first day of the current year to the last day of such month, which statements shall be prepared from the books and records of the Corporation, a cash flow analysis, together with cumulative cash flow analyses from the first day of the current year to the last day of such month, and a comparison between the actual monthly operating expenses and the projected figures for such month and the comparable figures for the prior year, subject to the provisions of Section 2.9 hereof. (b) Upon receipt of a request from any of the Investors prior to the end of a quarterly accounting period, the Corporation shall deliver to such Investors, within 45 days after the end of such quarterly accounting period, unaudited financial statements for such quarterly account period, certified by the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer of the Corporation, as presenting fairly the financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation and as having been prepared on a basis consistent with the accounting principles reflected in the Corporation's annual audited financial statements, accompanied by a report, signed by the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer of the Corporation, summarizing the operating and financial highlights of the Corporation for such quarterly accounting period, which report shall include (a) a comparison between the actual quarterly operating and financial results, the Budget (as defined in Section 2.9 hereof) and the results of the similar quarterly accounting period for the prior fiscal year of the Corporation, together with an explanation of material variances from the Budget and such similar quarterly accounting period, as the case may be, and (b) a narrative analysis of operations and trends in the business of the Corporation during such quarterly accounting period. (c) Within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Corporation, audited financial statements of the Corporation, which shall include an income statement and a statement of cash flow for such fiscal year and a balance sheet as of the last day thereof, each prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, and accompanied by the report of such independent certified public accountants as shall have been approved by the Board. (d) If for any period the Corporation shall have any subsidiary or subsidiaries whose accounts are consolidated with those of the Corporation, then the financial statements delivered for such period pursuant to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section 2.8 shall be the consolidated and consolidating financial statements of the Corporation for all such consolidated subsidiaries. 12 14 (e) Promptly upon becoming available: (i) copies of all financial statements, reports, press releases, notices, proxy statements and other documents sent by the Corporation to its Stockholders or released to the public and copies of all regular and periodic reports, if any, filed by the Corporation with the Commission or any securities exchange or self-regulatory organization; and (ii) any other financial or other information available to management of the Corporation that any of the Investors shall have reasonably requested on a timely basis. 2.9 Budget and Operating Forecast. The Corporation shall prepare and submit to the Board and each of the Investors an operating plan with quarterly breakdowns (the "Budget") for each fiscal year at least 45 days prior to the beginning of each fiscal year of the Corporation. The Budget shall be deemed accepted as the Budget for such fiscal year only when it has been approved by the Board. The Budget shall be reviewed by the Corporation periodically and all changes therein, and all material deviations therefrom, shall be reviewed by the Board on at least a quarterly basis. 2.10 System of Accounting. The Corporation shall maintain, and cause each of its subsidiaries, when and if any shall exist, to maintain, its books of accounts, related records and system of accounting in accordance with good business practices and generally accepted accounting principles, and shall cause the matters contained therein to be appropriately and accurately reflected in the financial reports (which shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) furnished pursuant to this Agreement. 2.11 Restriction on Transfer Rights; Confidentiality. The rights granted to each of the Investors pursuant to Sections 2.7 through 2.9 hereof shall not be transferred or assigned by any Investor to, and shall not inure to the benefit of, any successor, transferee or assignee of any Investor, which is engaged in any line of business directly competitive with the Corporation; provided that such prohibition shall not apply to any transfer or assignment to any successor, transferee or assignee of any Investor which is an affiliate of such Investor, including any trusts of which the Investor is the settlor or any family member of such Investor. Each Investor shall hold in confidence the terms of this Agreement, and all information regarding the Corporation which such Investor receives pursuant to this Agreement, unless such information has already been disclosed to the public or as otherwise required by law. 2.12 Confidentiality and Non-Competition Agreements for Key Employees. Subject to the rules of the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, the Corporation shall cause each person who is presently an employee of or a consultant or independent contractor to the Corporation or who becomes an employee of or a consultant to the Corporation subsequent to the date hereof and who shall have or be proposed to have access to confidential or proprietary information of the Corporation to execute a confidentiality and non-competition agreement in form and substance attached hereto or otherwise approved by the Board prior to the commencement of such person's employment by the Corporation in such capacity. 13 15 2.13 Stock Restriction Acknowledged by Directors, Officers, Employees and Consultants who are or become Stockholders. The Corporation shall cause each of its directors, officers, employees consultants or independent contractors who own any shares of capital stock of the Corporation, or has been issued any options, warrants or other rights to purchase any shares of such capital stock, or who may own in the future any such shares, or options, warrants or other rights to purchase any shares of such capital stock, or who may own in the future any such shares, or options, warrants or other rights to purchase such shares, in each case other than Refused Securities purchased in accordance with Section 2.3(f) hereof, to execute an acknowledgment that they are aware of and understand the restrictions on the transfer of such shares, under the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, this Stockholders' Agreement and any other contractual agreement to which they are a party, prior and as a condition to the acquisition of such shares, or options, warrants or rights, by such person. 2.14 Marketing and Promotional Material. Each of the Investors will have the right to review and approve, in advance of publication, distribution or dissemination, any reference to such Investor or any entity affiliated with such Investor (other than the Corporation), contained in any document, instrument, report or filing or in any advertising, marketing, promotional and similar materials. 2.15 Environmental Matters. The Corporation shall promptly advise the Investors in writing of any pending or threatened claim, demand or action by any governmental authority or third party relating to any Hazardous Materials affecting the Property of which it has knowledge. The Corporation shall not discharge, place, release, spill or dispose of any Hazardous Materials or any other pollutants or effluents upon the Property or elsewhere (including, but not limited to, underground injection of such substances), and the Corporation shall not discharge into the air any emission which would require a permit under the Clean Air Act or its state counterparts or any other Environmental Laws, except in compliance with the Environmental Laws. The Stockholders of the Corporation shall have no control over, or authority with respect to, the waste disposal operations of the Corporation. The Corporation hereby indemnifies, defends and holds harmless the Investors from and against any and all manner of actions, causes of action, suits, debts, accounts, controversies, judgments, claims, demands, losses or liabilities of any nature (including reasonable attorneys' fees) directly or indirectly arising out of or attributable to (a) any misrepresentation or breach of the representations and covenants set forth in Section 5.17 of the Stock Purchase Agreement, or (b) the use, generation, storage, release, threatened release, discharge, disposal or presence of Hazardous Materials on, under or about the Property by any person during the period that the Corporation was the legal or equitable owner of the Property or which occurred prior to such time and was otherwise actually known by, or should have been known by, the Corporation. The obligation of the Corporation to indemnify the Investors shall specifically cover and include, without limitation, all fines and penalties imposed by federal, state or local authorities, costs of removing or neutralizing the Hazardous Materials, injury to the property adjoining the Property, injury to persons living or working on or about the Property or 14 16 adjoining or otherwise affecting property, and all other indirect or consequential damages incurred by the Investors. 2.16 Limitations and Roche Rights. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 2.7, and 2.8(e)(ii), the Corporation shall not be required to provide Roche with access to information set forth in such Sections (a) to the extent that the Board of Directors determines in good faith that the Corporation and Roche, as the case may be, have conflicting interests relating to such information, or (b) to the extent that such information relates to potential or actual licensing, development, joint venture or similar transactions between the Corporation and a third party; provided that the Corporation shall act reasonably in determining whether to provide such access to information. 2.17 Duration of Section. With the exception of Section 2.4, this Section 2 and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall automatically terminate on the consummation of a firm commitment underwritten public offering of Common Stock registered under the Securities Act pursuant to which (X) Common Stock is offered to the public at a price of at least ** per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations and like occurrences) and (Y) the net proceeds to the Corporation are at least ** (the "Termination Date"). Prior to the Termination Date the rights and obligations of any Investor under this Section 2 shall terminate upon the date on which such Investor no longer owns any Preferred Shares or Common Stock. SECTION 3. Transfer of Securities. 3.1 Restriction on Transfer. The Restricted Securities shall not be transferable, except upon the conditions specified in this Section 3, which conditions are intended solely to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act in respect of the Transfer thereof. 3.2 Restrictive Legend. Each certificate evidencing any Restricted Securities and each certificate evidencing any such securities issued to subsequent transferees of any Restricted Securities shall (unless otherwise permitted by the provisions of Section 3.3 or 3.10 hereof) be stamped or otherwise imprinted with a legend in substantially the following form: THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAW. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD OR TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAW OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM UNDER SUCH ACT OR LAW. ADDITIONALLY, THE TRANSFER OF THESE SECURITIES IS SUBJECT TO THE - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 15 17 CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN A STOCKHOLDERS' AGREEMENT DATED JUNE 1, 1997, AMONG THE CORPORATION AND CERTAIN OTHER SIGNATORIES THERETO, AND NO TRANSFER OF SUCH SECURITIES SHALL BE VALID OR EFFECTIVE UNTIL SUCH CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN FULFILLED. COPIES OF SUCH AGREEMENT MAY BE OBTAINED AT NO COST BY WRITTEN REQUEST MADE BY THE HOLDER OF RECORD OF THIS CERTIFICATE TO THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION. 3.3 Notice of Transfer. By acceptance of any Restricted Securities, the holder thereof agrees to give prior written notice to the Corporation of such holder's intention to effect any Transfer and to comply in all other respects with the provisions of this Section 3.3. Each such notice shall describe the manner and circumstances of the proposed Transfer and shall be accompanied by: (a) the written opinion of counsel for the holder of such Restricted Securities, or, at such holder's option, a representation letter of such holder, addressed to the Corporation (which opinion of counsel, or representation letter, as the case may be, shall be reasonably acceptable to the Corporation), as to whether, in the case of a written opinion, in the opinion of such counsel, such proposed Transfer involves a transaction requiring registration of such Restricted Securities under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws or an exemption thereunder is available, or, in the case of a representation letter, such letter sets forth a factual basis for concluding that such proposed transfer involves a transaction requiring registration of such Restricted Securities under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws or that an exemption thereunder is available; or (b) if such registration is required and if the provisions of Section 3.4 hereof are applicable, a written request addressed to the Corporation by the holder of such Restricted Shares pursuant to the terms and provisions of Section 3.4 hereof; provided, however, that in the case of any holder of Restricted Securities that is a partnership, no such opinion of counsel or representation letter of the holder shall be necessary for a Transfer by such holder to a partner of such holder, or a retired partner if, with respect to such Transfer by a partnership, (i) such Transfer is made in accordance with the partnership agreement of such partnership, and (ii) the transferee agrees in writing to be subject to the terms of Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.10 hereof to the same extent as if such transferee were originally a signatory to this Agreement. If in such opinion of counsel or as reasonably concluded from the facts set forth in the representation letter of the holder (which opinion and counsel, or representation letter, as the case may be, shall be reasonably acceptable to the Corporation), the proposed Transfer may be effected without registration under the Securities Act and any applicable state securities laws or "blue sky" laws, then the holder of Restricted Securities shall thereupon be entitled to effect such Transfer in accordance with the terms of the notice delivered by it to the Corporation. 16 18 Each certificate or other instrument evidencing the securities issued upon such Transfer (and each certificate or other instrument evidencing any such securities not Transferred) shall bear the legend set forth in Section 3.2 hereof unless: (a) in such opinion of such counsel or as can be concluded from the representation letter of such holder (which opinion and counsel or representation letter shall be reasonably acceptable to the Corporation) the registration of future Transfers is not required by the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and state securities laws, or (b) the Corporation shall have waived the requirement of such legend; provided, however, that such legend shall not be required on any certificate or other instrument evidencing the securities issued upon such Transfer in the event such Transfer shall be made in compliance with the requirements of Rule 144 (as amended from time to time or any similar or successor rule) promulgated under the Securities Act. The holder of Restricted Securities shall not effect any Transfer until such opinion of counsel or representation letter of such holder has been given to and accepted by the Corporation (unless waived by the Corporation), which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld, or until registration of the Restricted Shares involved in the above-mentioned request has become effective under the Securities Act. In the event that an opinion of counsel is required by the registrar or transfer agent of the Corporation to effect a transfer of Restricted Securities in the future, the Corporation shall seek and obtain such opinion from its counsel, and the holder of such Restricted Securities shall provide such reasonable assistance as is requested by the Corporation (other than the furnishing of an opinion of counsel) to satisfy the requirements of the registrar or transfer agent to effectuate such transfer. 3.4 Required Registration. If the Corporation shall be requested (i) by holders of at least ** of the outstanding Restricted Securities (based on the underlying Common Stock for which the Restricted Securities are convertible or exercisable) to effect the registration under the Securities Act of Restricted Shares, or (ii) after the first registration pursuant to this Section 3.4, by one or more of the holders of Restricted Securities to effect the registration under the Securities Act of Restricted Shares having a proposed aggregate offering price equal to or greater than ** then the Corporation shall promptly give written notice of such proposed registration to all holders of Restricted Securities, and thereupon the Corporation shall promptly use its best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of the Restricted Shares that the Corporation has been requested to register for disposition as described in the request of such holders of Restricted Securities and in any response received from any of the holders of Restricted Securities within 30 days after the giving of the written notice by the Corporation; provided, however, that the Corporation shall not be obligated to effect any registration under the Securities Act except in accordance with the following provisions and Section 3.6: - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 17 19 (a) Subject to Section 3.6, the Corporation shall not be obligated to file and cause to become effective more than two (2) registration statements requested by Roche, in which Restricted Shares are registered under the Securities Act pursuant to this Section 3.4, if all of the Restricted Shares offered pursuant to such registration statements are sold thereunder upon the price and terms offered. (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation may include in each such registration requested pursuant to this Section 3.4 any authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (or authorized treasury shares) for sale by the Corporation or any issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock for sale by others; provided, however, that, if the number of shares of Common Stock so included pursuant to this clause (b) exceeds the number of Restricted Shares requested by the holders of Restricted Shares requesting such registration, then such registration shall be deemed to be a registration in accordance with and pursuant to Section 3.5; and provided further, however, that the inclusion of such previously authorized but unissued shares by the Corporation or issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock by others in such registration does not adversely affect, in the sole opinion of the holders of Restricted Securities requesting such registration, the ability of the holders of Restricted Securities requesting such registration to market the entire number of Restricted Shares requested by them. 3.5 Piggyback Registration. (a) Each time the Corporation proposes for any reason to register any of its securities under the Securities Act, other than pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or similar or successor forms (collectively, "Excluded Forms"), the Corporation shall promptly give written notice of such proposed registration to all holders of Restricted Securities, which shall offer such holders the right to request inclusion of any Restricted Shares in the proposed registration. (b) Each holder of Restricted Securities shall have 30 days from the receipt of such notice to deliver to the Corporation a written request specifying the number of Restricted Shares such holder intends to sell and the holder's intended method of disposition. (c) In the event that the proposed registration by the Corporation is, in whole or in part, an underwritten public offering of securities of the Corporation, any request under section 3.5(b) may specify that the Restricted Shares by included in the underwriting (i) on the same terms and conditions as the shares of Common Stock, if any, otherwise being sold through underwriters under such registration, or (ii) on terms and conditions comparable to those normally applicable to offerings of common stock in reasonably similar circumstances in the event that no shares of Common Stock other than Restricted Shares are being sold through underwriters under such registration. (d) Upon receipt of a written request pursuant to Section 3.5(b), the Corporation shall promptly use its best efforts to cause all such Restricted Shares to be registered under the 18 20 Securities Act, to the extent required to permit sale or disposition as set forth in the written request. (e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the managing underwriter of any such proposed registration determines and advises in writing that the inclusion of all Restricted Shares proposed by the holders thereof to be included in the underwritten public offering, together with any other issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock proposed to be included therein by holders other than the holders of Restricted Securities (such other shares hereinafter collectively referred to as the "Other Shares"), would materially interfere with the successful marketing of the Corporation's securities, then the total number of such securities proposed to be included in such underwritten public offering shall be reduced, (i) first by the shares requested to be included in such registration by the holders of Other Shares, and (ii) second, if necessary, (A) one-half (1/2) by the securities proposed to be issued by the Corporation, and (B) one-half (1/2) by the Restricted Shares proposed to be included in such registration by the holders thereof, on a pro rata basis, based upon the number of Restricted Shares sought to be registered by each such holder. The shares of Common Stock that are excluded from the underwritten public offering pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be withheld from the market by the holders thereof for a period, not to exceed 180 days from the closing of such underwritten public offering, that the managing underwriter reasonably determines as necessary in order to effect such underwritten public offering. 3.6 Registrations on Form S-2 and S-3. At such time as the Corporation shall have qualified for the use of Form S-2 or Form S-3 (or any successor form promulgated under the Securities Act), each holder of Restricted Securities shall have the right to request in writing an unlimited number (but not more than two (2) annually) of registrations on Form S-2 or Form S-3. Each such request by a holder shall: (a) specify the number of Restricted Shares which the holder intends to sell or dispose of, (b) state the intended method by which the holder intends to sell or dispose of such Restricted Shares, and (c) request registration of Restricted Shares having a proposed aggregate offering price of at least ** . Upon receipt of a request pursuant to this Section 3.6, the Corporation shall use its best efforts to effect such registration or registrations on Form S-2 or Form S-3. 3.7 Preparation and Filing. If and whenever the Corporation is under an obligation pursuant to the provision of this Section 3 to use its best efforts to effect the registration of any Restricted Shares, the Corporation shall, as expeditiously as practicable: (a) prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement with respect to such securities and use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective in accordance with Section 3.7(b) hereof; - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 19 21 (b) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective until the earlier of (i) the sale of all Restricted Shares covered hereby or (ii) nine months, and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the sale or other disposition of all Restricted Shares covered by such registration statement; (c) furnish to each holder whose Restricted Shares are being registered pursuant to this Section 3 such number of copies of any summary prospectus or other prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as such holder may reasonably request in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of such Restricted Shares; (d) use its best efforts to register or qualify the Restricted Shares covered by such registration statement under the securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as each holder whose Restricted Shares are being registered pursuant to this Section 3 shall reasonably request and do any and all other acts or things which may be necessary or advisable to enable such holder to consummate the public sale or other disposition in such jurisdictions of such Restricted Shares; provided, however, that the Corporation shall not be required to consent to general service of process for all purpose in any jurisdiction where it is not then subject to process, qualify to do business as a foreign corporation where it would not be otherwise required to qualify or submit to liability for state or local taxes where it is not otherwise liable for such taxes; (e) at any time when a prospectus covered by such registration statement and relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act within the appropriate period mentioned in Section 3.7(b) hereof, notify each holder whose Restricted Shares are being registered pursuant to this Section 3 of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such registration, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances then existing and, at the request of such holder, prepare, file and furnish to such holder a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an amendment of such prospectus as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such shares, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances then existing; (f) if the Corporation has delivered preliminary or final prospectuses to the holders of Restricted Shares that are being registered pursuant to this Section 3 and after having done so the prospectus is amended to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act, the Corporation shall promptly notify such holders and, if requested, such holders shall immediately cease making offers of Restricted Shares and return all prospectuses to the Corporation. The Corporation shall promptly provide such holders with revised prospectuses 20 22 and, following receipt of the revised prospectuses, such holders shall be free to resume making offers of the Restricted Shares; and (g) furnish, at the request of any holder whose Restricted Shares are being registered pursuant to this Section 3, on the date that such Restricted Shares are delivered to the underwriters for sale in connection with a registration pursuant to this Section 3, if such securities are being sold through underwriters, or, on the date that the registration statement with respect to such securities becomes effective, if such securities are not being sold through underwriters, (i) an opinion, dated such date, of the counsel representing the Corporation for the purposes of such registration, in form and substance as is customarily given to underwriters in an underwritten public offering, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and to the holder or holders making such request, and (ii) a letter dated such date, from the independent certified public accountants of the Corporation, in form and substance as is customarily given by independent certified public accountants to underwriters in an underwritten public offering , addressed to the underwriters, if any, and to the holder or holders making such request. 3.8 Expenses. The Corporation shall pay all expenses incurred by the Corporation in complying with the Section 3, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees (including all expenses incident to filing with the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.), fees and expenses of complying with the securities and blue sky laws of all such jurisdictions in which the Restricted Shares are proposed to be offered and sold, printing expenses and fees and disbursements of counsel (including with respect to each registration effected pursuant to Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the holders of Restricted Shares that are being registered pursuant to this Section 3); provided, however, that all underwriting discounts and selling commissions applicable to the Restricted Shares covered by registrations effected pursuant to Section 3.4, 3.5 or 3.6 hereof shall be borne by the seller or sellers thereof, in proportion to the number of Restricted Shares sold by each such seller or sellers. 3.9 Indemnification. (a) Indemnity by the Corporation. In the event of any registration under the Securities Act of any Restricted Shares pursuant to this Section 3 or otherwise, or registration or qualification of any Restricted Shares pursuant to Section 3.7(d) hereof, the Corporation shall: (i) indemnify and hold harmless any seller of such shares (the "Seller"), any underwriter, any officer, director, employee or agent of any Seller or underwriter, and each other person or entity, if any, who controls any Seller or underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several ("Claims"), to which each such indemnified party may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as any Claims (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in the registration statement or preliminary prospectus (if used prior to the effective date of the registration statement) or summary or final prospectus or any amendment or supplement 21 23 thereto (if used during the period the Corporation is required to keep the registration statement current) or any document filed under a state securities or blue sky law (collectively, "Registration Documents") or insofar as any Claims (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state in any Registration Document a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein not misleading or insofar as any Claims (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any violation by the Corporation of any Federal, state or common law rule or regulation applicable to the Corporation; and (ii) reimburse each indemnified party for all legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by it in connection with investigating or defending any Claim or action, including any amounts paid in settlement of any litigation, commenced or threatened, if such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Corporation (which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld); provided, however, that the Corporation shall not be liable to a particular indemnified party to the extent that any Claim or expense arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or omission made in any Registration Document in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Corporation by or on behalf of such indemnified party through an instrument duly executed by such indemnified party specifically stating that it is for use in the preparation of the Registration Document. (b) Indemnity by the Sellers. In the event of any registration under the Securities Act of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement, each Seller severally shall: (i) indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation, each of its directors, each of its officers who have signed the registration statement, each other person, if any, who controls the Corporation within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act, and each underwriter and each other person, if any, who controls such underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act against any Claims to which each such indemnified party may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such Claims (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any Registration Document, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state in any Registration Document a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements made therein not misleading; and (ii) reimburse each indemnified party for all legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by it in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim or action, including any amounts paid in settlement of any litigation, commenced or threatened, if such settlement is effected with the prior written consent of the Seller (which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld); provided, however, that such indemnification or reimbursement shall be payable only if, and to the extent that, any Claim or expense arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or omission made in any Registration Document in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Corporation through an instrument duly executed by the Seller specifically stating that it is for use in the preparation thereof; and provided further that the liability of such Seller shall be limited to an amount equal to the net 22 24 proceeds to such Seller of shares of Common Stock sold by such Seller pursuant to such registration as contemplated herein. (c) Procedure for Indemnification. Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party, under Section 3.9(a) or 3.9(b), of notice of the commencement of any action, the indemnified party shall notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party under any of these Sections; but the omission of such notice shall not relieve the indemnifying party from liability which it may have to the indemnified party under this Section 3.9, except to the extent that the indemnifying party is actually prejudiced by such failure to give notice and shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 3.9. In case any action is brought against the indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate in, and to the extent that it chooses, to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party that it so chooses, the indemnifying party shall not be liable for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof; provided however, that (i) if the indemnifying party fails to take reasonable steps necessary to defend diligently the claim within 20 days after receiving notice from the indemnified party that the indemnified party believes it has failed to do so, or (ii) if the indemnified party who is a defendant in any action or proceeding which is also brought against the indemnifying party reasonably shall have concluded that there may be legal defenses available to the indemnified party which are not available to the indemnifying party, or (iii) if representation of both parties by the same counsel is otherwise inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct, the indemnified party shall have the right to assume or continue its own defense as set forth above (but with no more than one firm of counsel for all indemnified parties in each jurisdiction, except to the extent any indemnified party or parties reasonably shall have concluded that there may be legal defenses available to such party or parties which are not available to the other indemnified parties or to the extent representation of all indemnified parties by the same counsel is otherwise inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct) and the indemnifying party shall be liable for any expenses therefor. (d) Non-Exclusive Indemnity. Any indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any other rights to indemnification or contribution which any indemnified party may have pursuant to law or contract and shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made or omitted by or on behalf of any indemnified party. (e) Contribution. If for any reason the foregoing indemnity is unavailable, or is insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party, then the indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses: 23 25 (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other (determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or the indemnified party and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission); or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law or provides a lesser sum to the indemnified party than the amount hereinafter calculated, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative fault of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party, but also the relative benefits received by the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other (taking into consideration the fact that the provision of the registration rights hereunder is a material inducement to the Investors to acquire shares of Common Stock), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. No person or entity found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person or entity who was not found guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 3.9(e), no indemnifying party (other than the Corporation) shall be required, pursuant to this Section 3.9(e), to contribute any amount in excess of the net proceeds received by such indemnifying party from the sale of shares of Common Stock in the offering to which the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses of the indemnified party relate. (f) Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, if, in connection with an underwritten public offering of any Restricted Shares, the Corporation, the holders of such Restricted Shares and the underwriters enter into an underwriting or purchase agreement relating to such offering which contains substantially similar provisions covering indemnification among the parties, then the indemnification provision of this Section 3.9 shall be deemed inoperative for purposes of such offering. 3.10 Removal of Legends, Etc. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 3, the restrictions imposed by this Section 3 upon the transferability of any Restricted Securities shall cease and terminate when (a) any such Restricted Securities are sold or otherwise disposed of in accordance with the intended method of disposition by the seller or sellers thereof set forth in a registration statement or such other method contemplated by Section 3.3 hereof that does not require that the securities transferred bear the legend set forth in Section 3.2 hereof, including a Transfer pursuant to Rule 144 or a successor rule thereof (as amended from time to time), or (b) the holder of Restricted Securities has met the requirements for transfer of such Restricted Securities pursuant to subparagraph (k) of Rule 144 or a successor rule thereof (as amended from time to time) promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Act. Whenever the restrictions imposed by this Section 3 have terminated, a holder of a certificate for Restricted Securities as to which such restrictions have terminated shall be entitled to receive from the Corporation, without expense and the Corporation shall use its reasonable best efforts to provide such holder with, a new certificate 24 26 not bearing the restrictive legend set forth in Section 3.2 hereof and not containing any other reference to the restrictions imposed by this Section 3. SECTION 4. Securities Act Registration Statements. Except for securities of the Corporation registered on Forms S-2 or S-3, or successor approved forms, of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Corporation shall not file any registration statement under the Securities Act covering any securities unless it shall first have given each holder of Restricted Securities written notice thereof. The Corporation further covenants that each holder of Restricted Securities shall have the right, at any time when it may be deemed to be a controlling person of the Corporation, within the meaning of the Securities Act, to participate in the preparation of such registration statement and to request the insertion therein of material furnished to the Corporation in writing which in such holder's judgment should be included. In connection with any registration statement referred to in this Section 4, the Corporation shall indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, each holder of Restricted Securities, its officers, partners and directors and each person, if any, who controls any such holder within the meaning of the Securities Act in the same manner and to the same extent as the Corporation is required to indemnify a seller of Restricted Securities in Section 3.9 hereof. If, in connection with any such registration statement, any holder of Restricted Securities shall furnish written information to the Corporation expressly for use in the registration statement, then such holder shall indemnify the Corporation, each director of the Corporation, each officer of the Corporation who signs such registration statement and each person, if any, who controls the Corporation within the meaning of the Securities Act to the same extent as a seller of Restricted Securities is required to indemnify such persons in Section 3.9 hereof. SECTION 5. Election of Directors. 5.1 Voting for Directors. At each annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation and at each special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation called for the purposes of electing directors of the Corporation, and at any time at which stockholders of the Corporation shall have the right to, or shall, vote for or consent to the election of directors, then, in each such event, each Investor shall vote all Preferred Shares and any other shares of voting stock of the Corporation then owned (or controlled as to voting rights) by it, whether by purchase, exercises of rights, warrants or options, stock dividends or otherwise: (a) to fix and maintain the number of directors on the Board of Directors of the Corporation at no more than ** ; (b) to elect to the Board ** designated by Roche (the ** ) for so long as Roche owns at least ** of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock originally issued to it by the Corporation (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations and like occurrences) ** ; and - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 25 27 (c) to elect to the Board ** designated by OSI (the ** ) and ** designated by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (the ** ) for so long as OSI and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, respectively, owns at least ** of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock originally issued to it by the Corporation (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations and like occurrences). The ** and ** and the ** shall be the Series A Directors (as defined in the Certificate) under the Certificate. 5.2 Cooperation of the Corporation. The Corporation shall use its best efforts to effectuate the purposes of this Section 5, including promoting the adoption of any necessary amendment of the By-Laws of the Corporation and the Certificate. 5.3 Notices. The Corporation shall provide the Investors with at least twenty (20) days' prior notice in writing of any intended mailing by the Corporation of notice to the Investors of a meeting at which directors are to be elected, and such notice shall include the names of the persons designated pursuant to Section 5.1 hereof. Roche, OSI and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, respectively, shall each notify the Corporation in writing at least three (3) days prior to such mailing, of the persons designated by Roche, OSI and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory pursuant to Section A.5.1 hereof, as nominees for election to the Board. In the absence of any notice from Roche, OSI and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, as the case may be, the director(s) then serving and previously designated shall be renominated. 5.4 Removal. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 5, no Investor shall vote to remove any member of the Board designated in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 5 unless the party that designated such director (the "Designating Party") shall so vote or otherwise consent, and, if the Designating Party shall so vote or otherwise consent, then the non-designating party shall likewise so vote. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 5, any vacancy on the Board created by the resignation, removal, incapacity or death of any person designated under the foregoing provisions of this Section 5 shall be filled by another person designated by the original Designating Party. Each Investor shall vote all shares of voting stock of the Corporation owned or controlled by such Investor in accordance with each such new designation, and no such vacancy shall be filled in the absence of a new designation by the original Designating Party. 5.5 Duration of Section. This Section 5 and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall automatically terminate on the consummation of a firm commitment underwritten public offering of Common Stock registered under the Securities Act pursuant to which (X) Common Stock is offered to the public at a price of at least ** per share (subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations and like - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 26 28 occurrences) and (Y) the net proceeds to the Corporation are at least ** (the "Termination Date"). Prior to the Termination Date the rights and obligations of any Investor under this Section 5 shall terminate upon the date on which such Investor no longer owns any Preferred Shares, whereupon the obligations of the remaining Investors to vote in favor of the designee, if any, of any such Investor shall also terminate. 5.6 Observation Rights. In the event that Roche elects (or is deemed to elect) not to designate ** to attend all meetings of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, and shall, upon the written request of the Roche Observer, provide such ** with such notice and other information with respect to such meetings as are delivered to the directors of the Corporation. The foregoing observation rights shall be conditioned upon the ** executing and delivering to the Corporation a customary confidentiality agreement pursuant to which such ** agrees to hold in confidence the confidential information of the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not be required to permit the ** to attend all or any portion of a meeting, or to provide to such ** information with respect to a meeting, (a) to the extent that the Board of Directors determines in good faith that the Corporation and Roche have conflicting interests relating to a matter to be discussed, or (b) to the extent that a matter to be discussed at such meeting and information related thereto relates to potential or actual licensing, development, joint venture or similar transactions between the Corporation and a third party, provided that the Corporation shall act reasonably in determining whether to permit such attendance or provide such information. SECTION 6. Employee Stock Option Plan. The Investors shall vote in favor of the establishment of a stock option plan, and from time to time shall vote in favor of any amendments thereto, in such form and substance as recommended by the Board of Directors (the "Stock Plan"), to provide for stock options (the "Options") being granted to eligible officers, employees, consultants, Board members and scientific advisers, providing for the purchase of an amount of shares of Common Stock not to exceed ** of the shares of capital stock outstanding. This Section 6 shall terminate upon the Termination Date. SECTION 7. Remedies. In case any one or more of the covenants and/or agreements set forth in this Agreement shall have been breached by any party hereto, the party or parties entitled to the benefit of such covenants or agreements may proceed to protect and enforce its or their rights, either by suit in equity and/or action at law, including, but not limited to, an action for damages as a result of any such breach and/or an action for specific performance of any such covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement. The rights, powers and remedies of the parties under this Agreement are cumulative and not exclusive of any other right, power or remedy which such parties may have under any other agreement or law. No single or partial assertion or exercise of any right, power or remedy of a party hereunder shall preclude any other or further assertion or exercise thereof. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 27 29 SECTION 8. Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the Corporation and each of the Investors and the respective successors and assigns of the Corporation and each of the Investors. Subject to the provisions of Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.10 hereof, which are intended solely to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act, this Agreement and the rights and duties of the Investors set forth herein may be assigned, in whole or in part, by each Investor with the prior written consent of the Large Stockholders. Any transferee (other than an Investor) to whom rights under Section 3 are transferred shall, as a condition to such transfer, deliver to the Corporation a written instrument by which such transferee identifies itself, gives the Corporation notice of the transfer of such rights, identifies the securities of the Corporation owned or acquired by it and agrees to be bound by the obligations imposed hereunder to the same extent as if such transferee were an Investor hereunder. A transferee to whom rights are transferred pursuant to this Section 8 will be thereafter deemed to be an Investor for the purpose of the execution of such transferred rights and may not again transfer such rights to any other person or entity, other than as provided in this Section 8. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights or duties of the Corporation set forth herein shall be assigned by the Corporation, in whole or in part, without having first received the written consent of the Investors holding a majority in voting power of the outstanding Preferred Shares, with each such holder entitled to the number of votes for each such share of Preferred Stock as equals the number of shares of Common Stock (including fractional shares) into which each such share of Preferred Stock is then convertible, rounded up to the nearest one-tenth of a share. SECTION 9. Duration of Agreement. The rights and obligations of the Corporation and each Investor set forth herein shall survive indefinitely, unless and until, by their respective terms, they are no longer applicable. SECTION 10. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the other writings referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto which form a part hereof, contains the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and amends, restates and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous arrangements or understandings with respect thereto. This Agreement may not be amended except in writing by the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the outstanding capital stock of the Corporation inclusive of the Large Stockholders. SECTION 11. Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications hereunder to any party shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument delivered in person or duly sent by first class registered, certified or overnight mail, postage prepaid, or telecopies with a confirmation copy by regular mail, addressed or telecopied, as the case may be, to such party at the address or telecopier number, as the case may be, set forth on Schedule 2 hereto or such other address or telecopier number, as the case may be, as may hereafter be designated in writing by the addressee to the addressor. SECTION 12. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any 28 30 such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. SECTION 13. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding choice of law rules thereof. SECTION 14. Interpretation. When the context in which words are used in this Agreement indicates that such is the intent, words in the singular number shall include the plural, and vice versa. Headings contained herein are inserted only as a matter of convenience and in no way define, limit, extend or interpret the scope of this Agreement or any Section hereof. Pronouns stated in either the masculine, the feminine or the neuter gender shall include the masculine, feminine and the neuter. 29 31 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement the day and year first above written. HELICON THERAPEUTICS, INC. By:___________________________________ Name: Title: ** By:___________________________________ Name: Title: ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. By:___________________________________ Name: Title: COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY By:___________________________________ Name: Title: __________________________________ ** __________________________________ ** __________________________________ ** - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. 30 32 Other CSHL Individuals* -------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- - ---------- * The Other CSHL Individuals shall be determined at a later closing date at which time Ordinary Common Stock shall be issued to such persons pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 31 EX-10.35 6 CONVERTIBLE STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT 1 Portions of this Exhibit 10.35 have been redacted and are the subject of a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2 CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT THIS AGREEMENT, dated this 17th day of July, 1997 is entered into by and among Helicon Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Corporation"), ** ("Roche"), Oncogene Science, Inc. ("OSI") and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ("CSHL", and collectively with Roche and OSI, the "Investors"). The Corporation and the Investors are desirous of providing for the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock (as hereinafter defined) by the Corporation and to the Investors, as more specifically set forth hereinafter. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows: SECTION 1. Filing of Certificate. Prior to the Closing (as defined in Section 4 hereof), the Corporation shall have filed a Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the "Certificate") in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Pursuant to the Certificate, the Corporation shall be authorized to issue up to ** shares of Common Stock, par value $.001 per share ("Common Stock"), of which ** shares of Common Stock shall have been designated as Ordinary Common Stock ("Ordinary Common Stock") and ** shares of Common Stock shall have been designated Senior Common Stock, and up to ** shares of Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share (the "Preferred Stock"), of which ** shares of Preferred Stock shall have been designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. SECTION 2. Authorization of Issuance and Sale of Preferred Shares; Reservation of Reserved Shares; Use of Proceeds. 2.1 Authorization of Issuance. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Corporation has authorized the sale and issuance to the Investors on the Closing Date (as defined in Section 4 hereof) the number of shares of Preferred Stock (such shares of Preferred Stock being sometimes hereinafter referred to as the "Preferred Shares") as set forth on Schedule 1 hereof. 2.2 Reservation of Reserved Shares. Prior to the Closing, the Corporation shall have reserved for issuance ** shares of Ordinary Common Stock for issuance upon conversion of the Preferred Shares (such reserved Ordinary Common Stock being sometimes collectively hereinafter referred to as the "Reserved Shares"). - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -1- 3 2.3 Use of Proceeds. The Corporation shall use the net cash proceeds from the sale of the Preferred Shares hereby for research and product development and other working capital purposes. SECTION 3. Delivery of Preferred Shares. 3.1 Agreement to Sell and Purchase Preferred Shares. (a) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, including, but not limited to, the conditions precedent set forth in Section 7 below, at the Closing, the Corporation shall sell and issue to Roche, and Roche shall purchase and receive from the Corporation, the number of Preferred Shares set forth opposite its name on Schedule 1 at the purchase price of ** per share (the "Purchase Price"). (b) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, including, but not limited to, the conditions precedent set forth in Section 7 below, at the Closing, the Corporation shall sell and issue to OSI, and OSI shall purchase and receive from the Corporation, the number of Preferred Shares set forth opposite its name on Schedule 1 and in consideration therefor OSI shall contribute to the Corporation (i) ** , (ii) a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use screening technology (as defined herein) and commercialize products which are the subject of an OSI patent application covering a method of screening and modulation transcription and ** . (c) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, including, but not limited to, the conditions precedent set forth in Section 7 below, at the Closing, the Corporation shall sell and issue to CSHL, and CSHL shall purchase and receive from the Corporation, the number of Preferred Shares set forth opposite its name on Schedule 1 and in consideration therefor CSHL shall contribute to the Corporation (i) an exclusive royalty free license to commercialize technology which is the subject of a CSHL patent application covering a method of cloning and characterizing genes associated with long-term memory, under which CSHL shall be entitled to reimbursement from the Corporation for patent and related expenses and (ii) ** . 3.2 Delivery of Shares; Form of Consideration. At the Closing, the Corporation shall deliver to the Investors certificate(s), registered in the name of the Investors, representing their respective Preferred Shares. Delivery of certificate(s) representing the Preferred Shares shall be made to Roche against payment by Roche of the Purchase Price by wire transfer in immediately available funds to an account designated by the Corporation. SECTION 4. The Closing. The closing (the "Closing") hereunder with respect to the transactions contemplated by Sections 2 and 3 hereof is taking place by facsimile transmission of executed copies of the documents contemplated hereby delivered on the date hereof at the offices of Squadron, Ellenoff, Plesent & Sheinfeld, LLP, New York, New York (the date hereof sometimes - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -2- 4 being referred to herein as the "Closing Date") and confirmed by overnight delivery of originally executed copies of such documents. SECTION 5. Representations and Warranties of the Corporation to the Investor. The Corporation hereby represents and warrants to the Investors as follows: 5.1 Organization. The Corporation is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own and lease its property and to carry on its business as presently conducted. The Corporation does not own or lease property or engage in any activity in any other jurisdiction which would require its qualification in such jurisdiction and in which the failure to be so qualified would have a material adverse effect on the financial or any other business condition of the Corporation. 5.2 Capitalization. As more fully described in the capitalization table set forth in Exhibit B attached hereto, the authorized capital stock of the Corporation immediately following the Closing shall consist of: (a) ** shares of Common Stock, of which ** shares of Ordinary Common Stock shall have been duly reserved for issuance upon conversion of the issued and outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock; (b) ** shares of Preferred Stock, of which ** shares shall be designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, of which ** shares shall be validly issued and outstanding. Except pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, the Certificate, the By-laws of the Corporation (the "By-laws"), the Stockholders' Agreement dated as of the date hereof among the Corporation and the other signatories thereto attached hereto as Exhibit C (the "Stockholders' Agreement"), the Collaborative Research and License Agreement entered into as of July 1, 1997, by and between Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. and the Corporation, the additional shares which may be purchased by the holders of the Common Stock, there are, and immediately following the Closing, there will be: (1) no outstanding warrants, options, rights, agreements, convertible securities or other commitments or instruments pursuant to which the Corporation is or may become obligated to issue, sell, repurchase or redeem any shares of capital stock or other securities of the Corporation; (2) no preemptive, contractual or similar rights to purchase or otherwise acquire shares of capital stock of the Corporation pursuant to any provision of law or any agreement to which the Corporation is a party or may otherwise by bound; (3) no restrictions on the transfer of capital stock of the Corporation imposed by any agreement to which the Corporation is a party or, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, any order of any court or any governmental agency to which the Corporation is subject, other than with respect to any applicable statutes, laws, rules or regulations; (4) no cumulative voting rights for any of the Corporation's capital stock; (5) no registration rights under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("Securities Act"), with respect to shares of the Corporation's capital stock; (6) to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, no options or other rights to purchase shares of capital stock from stockholders of the Corporation granted by such stockholders; and (7) no agreements, written or oral, between the Corporation and any holder - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -3- 5 of its securities, or, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, among holders of its securities, relating to the acquisition, disposition or voting of the securities of the Corporation. 5.3 Authorization of this Agreement. The execution, delivery and performance by the Corporation of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by all requisite action on the part of the Corporation. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Corporation and constitutes a valid and binding obligation of the Corporation, enforceable in accordance with its terms. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the filing of the Certificate and the compliance with the provisions hereof and thereof by the Corporation, will not: (a) violate any provision of law, statute, ordinance, rule or regulation or any ruling, writ, injunction, order, judgment or decree of any court, administrative agency or other governmental body; (b) conflict with or result in any breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time, or both) a default (or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation or acceleration) under (i) any agreement, document, instrument, contract, understanding, arrangement, note, indenture, mortgage or lease to which the Corporation is a party or under which the Corporation or any of its assets is bound or affected, (ii) the Certificate, or (iii) the By-laws; or (c) result in the creation of any lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of the Corporation. 5.4 Authorization of Preferred Shares and Reserved Shares. (a) The issuance, sale and delivery of the Preferred Shares have been duly authorized by all requisite action of the Corporation, and, when issued, sold and delivered in accordance with this Agreement, the Preferred Shares will be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable, with no personal liability attaching to the ownership thereof, and, except as may be set forth in the Stockholders' Agreement, not subject to preemptive or any other similar rights of the stockholders of the Corporation or others. (b) The reservation, issuance, sale and delivery by the Corporation of the Reserved Shares have been duly authorized by all requisite action of the Corporation, and the Reserved Shares have been duly reserved in accordance with Section 2.2 of this Agreement. Upon the issuance and delivery of the Reserved Shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Reserved Shares will be validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable, with no personal liability attaching to the ownership thereof, and not subject to preemptive or any other similar rights of the stockholders of the Corporation or others. 5.5 Consents and Approvals. No authorization, consent, approval or other order of, or declaration to or filing with, any governmental agency or body (other than filings required to be made under applicable federal and state securities laws) or any other person, entity or association is required for: (a) the valid authorization, execution, delivery and performance by the Corporation of this Agreement; (b) the valid authorization, issuance, sale and delivery of the -4- 6 Preferred Shares; or (c) the valid authorization, reservation, issuance, sale and delivery of the Reserved Shares. The Corporation has obtained all other consents that are necessary to permit the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. 5.6 Business of Corporation. (a) Except as set forth in Schedule 5.6(a) attached hereto: (i) the Corporation has not entered into and is not a party to and is not otherwise bound or affected by any written or oral contract, agreement, understanding, arrangement, lease, guaranty or other obligation or series of related obligations or transactions in excess of Twenty Five Thousand Dollars ($25,000), other than this Agreement, the transactions contemplated by the Stockholders' Agreement and the stock option agreements relating to the Plan Shares; (ii) the Corporation is not a party to, or, directly or indirectly bound by, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or other agreement or instrument relating to the borrowing of money, the guarantee of indebtedness or the granting of any security interest, negative pledge or other encumbrance on the assets of the Corporation; and (iii) the Corporation has not incurred and is not subject to any liabilities or obligations, fixed or contingent, matured or unmatured or otherwise, that, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect upon the business, operation, conditions or prospects of the Corporation. (b) The unaudited financial statements described in Section 5.6(k) hereof, including any notes thereto, reflect all liabilities of the Corporation as of the date of such financial statements. Since the date of the Balance Sheet (as such term is hereinafter defined), the Corporation has not incurred any obligation (or series of related obligations) or liability, contingent or otherwise, in excess of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) except as set forth in Schedule 5.6(b) attached hereto. (c) Except as provided in Schedule 5.6(c) attached hereto: (i) there are no actions, suits, arbitrations, claims, investigations or legal or administrative proceedings pending or, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, threatened, against the Corporation, whether at law or in equity; (ii) there are no judgments, decrees, injunctions or orders of any court, government department, commission, agency, instrumentality or arbitrator entered or existing against the Corporation or any of its assets or properties for any of the foregoing or otherwise; and (iii) the Corporation has not admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, filed or consented to the filing against it of a petition in bankruptcy or a petition to take advantage of any insolvency act, made an assignment for the benefit of creditors, consented to the appointment of a receiver for itself or for the whole or any substantial part of its property, or had a petition in bankruptcy filed against it, been adjudicated bankrupt, or filed a petition or answer seeking reorganization or arrangement under the federal bankruptcy laws or any other laws of the United States or any other jurisdiction. -5- 7 (d) The Corporation is in compliance in all material respects with all obligations, agreements and conditions contained in any evidence of indebtedness or any loan agreement or other contract or agreement (whether or not relating to indebtedness) to which the Corporation is a party or is subject (collectively, the "Obligations"), the lack of compliance with which could afford to any person the right to accelerate any indebtedness or terminate any right of or agreement with the Corporation. To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, all other parties to such Obligations are in compliance with the terms and conditions of such Obligations. (e) Except for employment and consulting agreements set forth on Schedule 5.6(a) attached hereto, agreements and arrangements relating to the Plan Shares or the Scientist Shares and except as provided in Schedule 5.6(e) attached hereto, this Agreement and the Stockholders' Agreement, there are no agreements, understandings or proposed transactions between the Corporation and any of its employees, officers, directors or other affiliates (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act) or any affiliates of such employees, officers, directors or other affiliates. (f) Each current employee of or consultant to the Corporation who has or is proposed to have access to confidential and/or proprietary information of the Corporation is a signatory to, and is bound by, an agreement with the Corporation relating to noncompetition, nondisclosure, proprietary information and/or assignment of patent, copyright and other intellectual property rights substantially in a form previously approved by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. (g) To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, no employee of or consultant to the Corporation is in violation of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement or any other contract or agreement including, but not limited to, those matters relating (i) to the relationship of any such employee with the Corporation or to any other party as a result of the nature of the Corporation's business as currently conducted, or (ii) to unfair competition, trade secrets or proprietary information. (h) The Corporation does not have any employee benefit plans, except as disclosed in Schedule 5.6(h) attached hereto. (i) The Corporation's employees are not represented by any labor unions nor, to the Corporation's knowledge, is any union organization campaign in progress. The Corporation is not aware that any of its officers or key employees intends to terminate his or her employment with the Corporation, nor does the Corporation have a present intention to terminate the employment of any of its officers or key employees, which termination of employment would have a material adverse effect on the operations, condition (financial or otherwise), business or research prospects of the Corporation. (j) The Corporation is not in violation of or default under any provision of its By-Laws or Certificate, or, in any material respect under any contract, instrument, judgment, order, writ or decree to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties are bound, and, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, the Corporation is not in violation of any material provision of any federal or state statute, rule or regulation applicable to the Corporation. -6- 8 (k) Included in Schedule 5.6(k) attached hereto is the Unaudited Balance Sheet dated as June 30, 1997 and Statements of Operation, Stockholders' Equity and Cash Flow as June 30, 1997 (collectively, the "Unaudited Financial Statements"). The Unaudited Financial Statements are complete and correct, are in accordance with the books and records of the Corporation and present fairly the financial condition and results of operations of the Corporation, as at the dates and for the periods indicated, and have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, except that the Unaudited Financial Statements have been prepared for the internal use of management and may not be in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles because of the absence of footnotes normally contained therein and are subject to normal year-end audit adjustments which, individually, and in the aggregate, will not be material. (l) Except as set forth in Schedule 5.6(l), there has not been since June 30, 1997: (i) any change in the assets, liabilities, financial condition or operating results of the Corporation from that reflected in the Unaudited Financial Statements, except changes in the ordinary course of business which individually or in the aggregate do not have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Corporation; (ii) any damage, destruction or loss, whether or not covered by insurance, which individually or in the aggregate might have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Corporation; (iii) any waiver by the Corporation of a material valuable right or a material debt owed to it; (iv) any satisfaction or discharge of any lien, claim or encumbrance or payment of any obligation by the Corporation, except in the ordinary course of business and which is not material to the assets, properties, financial condition, operating results or business of the Corporation, as such business is presently conducted and as it is presently proposed to be conducted; (v) any materially adverse change or amendment to a material contract or arrangement by which the Corporation or any of its assets or properties is bound or subject; (vi) any material change to the terms or conditions in any compensation arrangement or agreement with any employee of the Corporation, other than clerical and non-managerial employees of the Corporation, such as secretaries, laboratory technicians and laboratory assistants; (vii) any resignation or termination of employment of any key officer of the Corporation; -7- 9 (viii) any mortgage, pledge, transfer of a security interest in, or lien created by the Corporation, with respect to any of its material properties or assets, except for liens for taxes not yet due or payable; (ix) any declaration, setting aside or payment or other distribution in respect of any of the Corporation's capital stock, or any direct or indirect redemption, purchase or other acquisition of any of such stock by the Corporation; or (x) to the best of Corporation's knowledge, any other event or condition of any character which, individually or in the aggregate, might have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Corporation, other than events affecting the global, national or local economy generally, the financial markets generally or the Corporation's industry generally. (m) Except as set forth in Schedule 5.6(m), each employee and director of or consultant to the Corporation who has been issued shares of the Corporation's Common Stock or options to purchase shares of the Corporation's Common Stock is a signatory to, and is bound by, a Stock Restriction Agreement and/or a Stock Option Agreement, as the case may be, all with stock transfer restrictions and rights of first offer in favor of the Corporation in a form previously approved by the Board of Directors. In addition, each such Agreement contains a vesting schedule previously approved by the Board of Directors. 5.7 Disclosure. This Agreement (including the Schedules hereto), and the Unaudited Financial Statements, taken individually and as a whole, do not contain any untrue statement of material fact, fairly represent the business, properties, assets and condition, financial or other, of the Corporation and do not fail to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained therein and herein, when taken as a whole, not misleading. 5.8 Payment of Taxes. The Corporation has accurately prepared and filed within the time prescribed by law all federal, state and local income, excise or franchise tax returns, real estate and personal property tax returns, sales and use tax returns, payroll tax returns and other tax returns required to be filed by it, and has paid or made provision for the payment of all accrued and unpaid taxes and other charges to which the Corporation is subject and which are not currently due and payable. The Corporation has not elected to be treated as a Subchapter S corporation pursuant to Section 1362 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or as a collapsible corporation pursuant to Section 341(f) of the Code. The Corporation has never had any tax deficiency proposed or assessed against it and has not executed any waiver of any statute of limitations on the assessment or collection of any tax or governmental charge. The federal income tax returns of the Corporation have never been audited by the Internal Revenue Service. Neither the Internal Revenue Service nor any other taxing authority is now asserting nor is threatening to assert against the Corporation any deficiency or claim for additional taxes or interest thereon or penalties in connection therewith, and the Corporation does not know of any such deficiency or basis for such deficiency or claim. 5.9 Intellectual Property Rights. All patents, patent rights, patent applications, registered trademarks and service marks, trademark rights, trademark applications, trade names, registered copyrights and all licenses owned or possessed by the Corporation are listed on Schedule -8- 10 5.9 attached hereto (collectively, the "Listed Rights"). To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, except as set forth on Schedule 5.9, the Listed Rights comprise all of the patents, patent rights, patent applications, registered trademarks and service marks, trademark rights, trademark applications, trade names, registered copyrights and all licenses that are necessary for the conduct of the business of the Corporation as now being conducted and as currently proposed to be conducted. Except as set forth on Schedule 5.9, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, the Corporation owns and possesses all of the proprietary rights and trade secrets not included in the Listed Rights (hereinafter collectively referred to as "Intellectual Property") necessary for the Corporation's business as now being conducted and as currently proposed to be conducted. Except as set forth on Schedule 5.9, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, the Listed Rights and Intellectual Property are valid and enforceable rights and do not infringe or conflict with the rights of any third party. There is neither pending nor threatened, or, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, any basis for, any claim or litigation against the Corporation contesting the validity or right to use any of the Listed Rights or Intellectual Property, and the Corporation has not received any notice of infringement upon or conflict with any asserted right of others nor, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, is there any basis for such a notice. To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, no person, corporation or other entity is infringing the Corporation's rights to the Listed Rights or Intellectual Property. Except as otherwise provided in Schedule 5.9, the Corporation has no obligation to compensate others for the use of any Listed Right or any Intellectual Property, nor has the Corporation granted any license or other right to use, in any manner, any of the Listed Rights or Intellectual Property, whether or not requiring the payment of royalties. 5.10 Securities Laws. Neither the Corporation nor anyone acting on its behalf has offered securities of the Corporation for sale to, or solicited any offers to buy the same from, or sold securities of the Corporation to, any person or organization, in any case so as to subject the Corporation, its promoters, directors and/or officers to any liability under the Securities Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any state securities or "blue sky" law (collectively, the "Securities Laws"). The offer, grant, sale and/or issuance of the Preferred Shares and the Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares were not, are not, or, as the case may be, will not be, in violation of the Securities Laws when offered, sold and issued in accordance with the operative documents relating to their issuance. 5.11 Title to Properties. Except as provided on Schedule 5.11 attached hereto, the Corporation has good, legal and merchantable title to all of its assets, including all properties and assets reflected on the Balance Sheet and the Unaudited Balance Sheet, free and clear of all liens, restrictions or encumbrances, except those assets disposed of since the date of such Balance Sheet in the ordinary course of business. All machinery and equipment included in such properties which are material to the business of the Corporation are in good condition and repair, and each lease of real or personal property to which the Corporation is a party is fully effective, affords the Corporation peaceful and undisturbed possession of the subject matter of the lease, and such lease is free of any liens, claims or encumbrances. Each such lease constitutes a valid and binding obligation of, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms against, the respective parties thereto. The Corporation has in all respects performed the obligations required to be performed by it to date under such leases and is not in default thereunder in any respect, and there has not occurred any event which (whether with or without the passage of time or the giving of notice) would constitute such a default. The Corporation does not own any real property. -9- 11 5.12 Investments in Other Persons. Except as indicated in Schedule 5.12 attached hereto, (a) the Corporation has not made any loan or advance to any person or entity which is outstanding on the date hereof, nor is it committed or obligated to make any such loan or advance, and (b) the Corporation has never owned or controlled and does not currently own or control, directly or indirectly, any subsidiaries and has never owned or controlled and does not currently own or control any capital stock or other ownership interest, directly or indirectly, in any corporation, association, partnership, trust, joint venture or other entity. 5.13 ERISA. The Corporation has not made contributions to any pension, defined benefit or defined contribution plans for its employees which are subject to the Federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). The Corporation is in compliance in all respects with all material provisions of ERISA to the extent that the Corporation's pension, defined benefit or defined contribution plans (if any) are subject to ERISA. 5.14 Permits and Other Rights; Compliance with Laws. The Corporation has all franchises, permits, licenses and other rights and privileges necessary to permit it to own its properties and to conduct its business as presently conducted. The Corporation is in compliance in all material respects under each, and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not cause a violation under any of such franchises, permits, licenses and other rights and privileges. The Corporation is in compliance in all respects with all material provisions of the laws and governmental rules and regulations applicable to its businesses, properties and assets, and to the products and services sold by it, including, without limitation, all such rules, laws and regulations relating to fair employment practices and public or employee safety. The Corporation is in compliance with the Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act of 1967, as amended. 5.15 Insurance. Schedule 5.15 attached hereto lists all insurance policies carried by the Corporation covering its properties and business, which, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, are in such amounts and with such coverages as are customarily carried by similarly situated companies are adequate for the Corporation's operations. The Corporation is not in default with respect to its obligations under any insurance policy maintained by it. 5.16 Board of Directors. Except as provided in the Stockholders' Agreement and in Schedule 5.16 attached hereto, the Corporation has not extended any offer or promise or entered into any agreement, arrangement, understanding or otherwise, whether written or oral, with any person or entity by which the Corporation has agreed to allow such person or entity to participate, in any way, in the affairs of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, including without limitation, appointment or nomination as a member, or right to appear at, or receive the minutes of, a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Corporation. 5.17 Environmental Matters. (a) The Corporation has not used, generated, manufactured, refined, treated, transported, stored, handled, disposed, transferred, produced, processed or released (together defined as Release) any Hazardous Materials (as hereinafter defined) in any manner or by any means in violation of any Environmental Laws (as hereinafter defined). To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, except as described in Schedule 5.17(a), the Corporation and any prior owner or tenant of the Property (as hereinafter defined) have not Released any Hazardous Material -10- 12 or other pollutant or effluent into, on or from the Property in a way which can pose a risk to human health or the environment, nor is there a threat of such Release. As used herein, the term Property shall include, without limitation, land, buildings and laboratory facilities owned or leased by the Corporation or as to which the Corporation now has any duties, responsibilities (for clean-up, remedy or otherwise) or liabilities under any Environmental Laws, or as to which the Corporation or any subsidiary of the Corporation may have such duties, responsibilities or liabilities because of past acts or omissions of the Corporation or any such subsidiary or their predecessors, or because the Corporation or any such subsidiary or their predecessors in the past was such an owner or operator of, or bore some other relationship with, such land, buildings and/or laboratory facilities, all as more fully described in Schedule 5.17(a) attached hereto. The term "Hazardous Materials" shall include, without limitation, any flammable explosives, petroleum products, petroleum by-products, radioactive materials, hazardous wastes, hazardous substances, toxic substances or related materials as defined by the Environmental Laws. (b) No notice of lien under any Environmental Laws has been filed against any Property of the Corporation. (c) The use of the Property, and any future development, construction and operation of property purchased, leased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation shall, in all respects, comply with, and are, or if such property has not yet been purchased, leased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation, shall be, lawful, permitted and conforming uses in all material respects under all applicable building, fire, safety, subdivision, zoning, sewer, environmental, securities, health, insurance and other laws, ordinances, rules, regulations and plan approval conditions of any governmental or public body or authority. (d) Except as described in Schedule 5.17(d) attached hereto, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge, the Property does not contain: (i) asbestos in any form; (ii) urea formaldehyde foam insulation; (iii) transformers or other equipment which contain dialectic fluid containing levels of polychlorinated biphenyls; (iv) radon; or (v) any other chemical, material or substance, the exposure to which is prohibited, limited or regulated by a federal, state or local government agency, authority or body, or which, even if not so regulated, to the best of the Corporation's knowledge after reasonable investigation, may or could pose a hazard to the health and safety of the occupants of the Property or the owners or occupants of property adjacent to or in the vicinity of the Property. (e) The Corporation has not received written notice that the Corporation is a potentially responsible party for costs incurred at a cleanup site or corrective action under any Environmental Laws. The Corporation has not received any written requests for information in connection with any inquiry by any Governmental Authority (as defined hereinafter) concerning disposal sites or other environmental matters. As used herein, "Governmental Authority" shall mean any nation or government, any federal, state, municipal, local, provincial, regional or other political subdivision thereof, and any entity or person exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of, or pertaining to, government. Schedule 5.17(e) attached hereto identifies all locations where Hazardous Materials used in whole or in part by the businesses -11- 13 of the Corporation or resulting from the businesses, facilities or Property of the Corporation have been stored or disposed of by or on behalf of the Corporation. As used herein, "Environmental Laws" shall mean all applicable federal, state and local laws, ordinances, rules and regulations that regulate, fix liability for, or otherwise relate to, the handling, use (including use in industrial processes, in construction, as building materials, or otherwise), storage and disposal of hazardous and toxic wastes and substances, and to the discharge, leakage, presence, migration, threatened Release or Release (whether by disposal, a discharge into any water source or system or into the air, or otherwise) of any pollutant or effluent. Without limiting the preceding sentence, the term "Environmental Laws" shall specifically include the following federal and state laws, as amended: FEDERAL Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.; Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.; and Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. STATE NEW YORK ENVIRONMENTAL STATUTES Environmental Conservation Law 1-0101 et seq. (f) The Corporation has maintained all environmental and operating documents and records substantially in the manner and for the time periods required by the Environmental Laws and any other laws, regulations or orders and has never conducted an environmental audit except as disclosed in Schedule 5.17(f) attached hereto. For purposes of this Section 5.17(f), an environmental audit shall mean any evaluation, assessment, study or test performed at the request of or on behalf of a Governmental Authority, including, but not limited to, a public liaison committee, but does not include normal or routine inspections, evaluations or assessments which do not relate to a threatened or pending charge, restraining order or revocation of any permit, license, certificate, approval, authorization, registration or the like issued pursuant to the Environmental Laws and any other law, regulation or order. -12- 14 (g) To the best of the Corporation's knowledge, no part of the Property of the Corporation is (i) located within any wetlands area, (ii) subject to any wetlands regulations, or (iii) included in or proposed for inclusion in, or abuts any property included in or proposed for inclusion in, the National Priority List or any similar state lists. The Corporation understands that the foregoing representations and warranties shall be deemed material and to have been relied upon by the Investor. As used herein, the term "to the best of the Corporation's knowledge" shall mean and include, (a) with respect to matters relating directly to the Corporation and its operations, actual knowledge or that knowledge which a prudent business person reasonably would have discovered in the management of his or her business affairs after making reasonable inquiry and exercising due diligence with respect thereto, and (b) with respect to external events or conditions, actual knowledge. 5.18 Books and Records. The minute books of the Corporation contain complete and accurate records of all meetings and other corporate actions of its stockholders and its Board of Directors and committees thereof. The stock ledger of the Corporation is complete and reflects all issuances, transfers, repurchases and cancellations of shares of capital stock of the Corporation. 5.19 Real Property Holding Company. The Corporation is not a "real property holding company" within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code. SECTION 6. Representations and Warranties of the Investor to the Corporation. Each of the Investors hereby represents and warrants to the Corporation as follows: (a) It is duly organized and validly existing and has the power and authority to enter into this Agreement, and has not been organized, reorganized or recapitalized specifically for the purpose of acquiring the securities of the Corporation. (b) It has adequate net worth and means of providing for its current needs and personal contingencies to sustain a complete loss of its investment in the Corporation. SECTION 7. Closing Conditions. 7.1 Conditions Precedent to the Closing. The obligation of the Investors to purchase and pay for their respective Preferred Shares at the Closing is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions precedent: (a) All proceedings to have been taken and all waivers and consents to be obtained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall have been taken or obtained, and all documents incidental thereto shall be satisfactory to the Investors and its counsel, and the Investors and their respective counsel shall have received copies (executed or certified, as may be appropriate) of all documents which the investor or counsel may reasonably have requested in connection with such transactions. -13- 15 (b) All legal matters incident to the purchase of the Preferred Shares shall be satisfactory to the respective Investor's counsel, and the Investors shall have received from Squadron, Ellenoff, Plesent & Sheinfeld, LLP, counsel for the Corporation, such firm's opinion addressed to the Investors and dated the date of the Closing in substantially the form of Exhibit D hereto. (c) All consents, permits and approvals, qualifications and/or registrations required to be obtained or effected under any applicable securities or "Blue Sky" laws of any jurisdiction shall have been obtained or effected, and the Investors shall have received from Squadron, Ellenoff, Plesent & Sheinfeld, LLP a Blue Sky Memorandum or other confirmation to that effect in form reasonably satisfactory to counsel for each such Investor. (d) The representations and warranties of the Corporation contained herein shall be true and correct on and as of the date of such Closing with the same force and effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date. (e) A duly executed Certificate in the form of Exhibit A hereto shall have been filed with and accepted by the Secretary of State of Delaware and shall be effective under the laws of the State of Delaware. (f) The Corporation shall have delivered to the Investors a certificate or certificates, dated the Closing Date, of the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation certifying as to (i) the resolutions of the Corporation's Board of Directors and stockholders authorizing the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Certificate, the issuance to the Investors of their respective Preferred Shares, the execution and delivery of such other documents and instruments as may be required by this Agreement, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, and certifying that such resolutions were duly adopted and have not been rescinded or amended as of said date, and (ii) the name and the signature of the officers of the Corporation authorized to sign, as appropriate, this Agreement and the other documents and certificates to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement by either the Corporation or any of its officers. (g) The Corporation shall have delivered to the Investors a certificate or certificates, dated the Closing Date, of the Chairman of the Corporation certifying as to the accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Corporation pursuant to this Agreement and as to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in paragraphs (c), (e) and (f) of this Section 7.1. (h) The Corporation shall have executed and delivered (i) the Collaborative Research and License Agreement, of even date herewith, between the Corporation and Roche in substantially the form of Exhibit E hereto (the "Roche Collaboration Agreement"), (ii) the Funded Research and License Agreement, of even date herewith, between the Corporation and CSHL in substantially the form of Exhibit F hereto (the "CSHL Research Agreement"), (iii) the License Agreement, of even date herewith, between the Corporation and CSHL in substantially the form of Exhibit G hereto (the "CSHL License Agreement, (iv) the License and Services Agreement, of even date herewith, between the Corporation and OSI in substantially the form of Exhibit H hereto (the "OSI License Agreement") and (v) the Stockholders' Agreement, and shall -14- 16 have complied with its obligations under this Agreement required to be performed by it prior to the Closing. 7.2 Conditions to Obligations of the Corporation. It shall be conditions precedent to the obligations of the Corporation hereunder to be performed at the Closing that: (a) The representations and warranties contained herein of the Investors hereunder shall be true and correct as of the date of the Closing with the same force and effect as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of such date. (b) Each of the Investors, as the case may be, shall have duly executed and delivered the Roche Collaboration Agreement, the CSHL Research Agreement, the CSHL License Agreement, the OSI License Agreement and the Stockholders' Agreement, and shall have complied with its obligations under this Agreement required to be performed by it prior to the Closing. SECTION 8. Public Offering. The Corporation agrees to use all reasonable effort to arrange for its underwriters to offer each of (a) Roche or its designated affiliate, (b) OSI, and (c) CSHL, the opportunity to purchase in the Corporation's initial underwritten public offering Common Stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act a number of shares representing an aggregate investment of ** for each of Roche, OSI and CSHL. Such shares will be offered, if at all, on the same terms offered to others purchasing in such public offering. Roche, OSI and CSHL shall be under no obligation to purchase any or all of such securities. SECTION 9. Brokers or Finders. The Corporation represents and warrants to the Investors, and each of the Investors represents and warrants to the Corporation, that no third party has or will have, as a result of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any unsatisfied right, interest or valid claim against or upon the Corporation or such respective Investors, respectively, for any commission, fee or other compensation as a finder or broker because of any act or omission by the Corporation or such respective Investor, respectively, or any agent of the Corporation or such respective Investor, respectively. SECTION 10. Exchanges; Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates Upon surrender by any Investor to the Corporation of Preferred Shares or Reserved Shares purchased or acquired by such Investor hereunder, the Corporation, at its expense, will issue in exchange therefor, and deliver to the Investor, a new certificate or certificates representing such shares in such denominations as may be requested by the Investor. Upon receipt of evidence satisfactory to the Corporation of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any certificate - ---------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -15- 17 representing any shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock purchased or acquired by the Investor hereunder and, in case of any such loss, theft or destruction, upon delivery of any indemnity agreement satisfactory to the Corporation, or in case of any such mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of such certificate, the Corporation, at its expense, will issue and deliver to the Investor a new certificate for such shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as applicable, of like tenor, in lieu of such lost, stolen or mutilated certificate. SECTION 11. Survival of Representations and Warranties. The representations and warranties set forth in Sections 5 and 6 hereof shall survive the Closing indefinitely except as set forth on Schedule 11. SECTION 12. Successors and Assigns. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, this Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the Corporation and the Investors and the respective permitted successors and assigns of the Investors and the permitted successors and assigns of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions of Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.10 of the Stockholders' Agreement, which are intended solely to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act, this Agreement and the rights and duties of any Investor set forth herein may be freely assigned, in whole or in part, by such Investor with the prior written consent of the other Investors. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights or duties of the Corporation set forth herein shall be assigned by the Corporation, in whole or in part, without having first received the written consent of the Investors. SECTION 13. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the other writings referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto which form a part hereof, contains the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and amends, restates and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous arrangements or understandings, whether written or oral, with respect thereto. SECTION 14. Notices. All notices, requires, consents and other communications hereunder to any party shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument delivered in person or duly sent by first class registered, certified or overnight mail, postage prepaid, or telecopied with confirmation copy by regular mail, addressed or telecopied, as the case may be, to such party at the address or telecopier number, as the case may be, set forth on Schedule 1 hereto or such other address or telecopier number as the case may be, as may hereafter be designated in writing by the addressee to the addressor. All such notices, requests, consents and other communications shall be deemed to have been received: (a) in the case of personal delivery, on the date of such delivery; (b) in the case of mailing, on the third business day following the date of such mailing; (c) in the case of overnight mail, on the first business day following the date of such mailing; and (d) in the case of facsimile transmission, when confirmed by facsimile machine report. -16- 18 SECTION 15. Changes. The terms and provisions of this Agreement may not be modified or amended, or any of the provisions hereof waived, temporarily or permanently, except pursuant to a writing executed by a duly authorized representative of the Corporation and each of the Investors. SECTION 16. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts,and each such counterpart shall be deemed to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one agreement. SECTION 17. Headings. The headings of the various sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed to be a part of this Agreement. SECTION 18. Nouns and Pronouns. Whenever the context may require, any pronouns used herein shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of names and pronouns shall include the plural and vice-versa. SECTION 19. Severability. Any provision of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. SECTION 20. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding choice of laws rules thereof. SECTION 21. Indemnification. The Corporation shall indemnify, defend and hold each of the Investors (and its respective partners, directors, officers, employees, agents and affiliates and the directors, officers, employees and agents of such affiliates) harmless against any and all liabilities, loss, cost or damage, together with all reasonable costs and expenses related thereto (including reasonable legal and accounting fees and expenses), arising from, relating to, or connected with (i) the untruth, inaccuracy or breach of any statement, representations, warranties or covenants of the Corporation contained herein, including, but not limited to, all statements, representations, warranties or covenants concerning environmental matters, and/or (ii) the Investor's involvement or association with the Corporation and/or any actions or inactions of the Investor in connection with its investment in or its association -17- 19 with the Corporation(other than matters relating to the Collaboration Agreement), except such actions or inactions resulting from gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith. -18- 20 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the date first above written. HELICON THERAPEUTICS, INC. By: --------------------------------------- Name: Title: ** By: --------------------------------------- Name: Title: ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. By: --------------------------------------- Name: Title: COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY By: --------------------------------------- Name: Title: - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -19- EX-10.36 7 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT 1 Portions of this Exhibit 10.36 have been redacted and are the subject of a confidential treatment request filed with the Secretary of the Securities and Exchange Commission. 2 COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT This COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND LICENSE AGREEMENT is entered into by and between Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., a corporation having its principal offices at 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, New Jersey 07110 ("Roche") and Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. ("Helicon"), a Delaware corporation having its principal place of business at 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard, Uniondale, New York 11553, founded by Oncogene Science, Inc. ("OSI"), a Delaware corporation having its principal place of business at 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard, Uniondale, New York 11553, and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ("CSHL"), a not for profit corporation incorporated under the laws of the State of New York and having its principal place of business at Hershey Building, One Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724. WHEREAS, Helicon has control of certain OSI proprietary technology through a license from OSI which license is for identifying the effect of compounds on genes and gene expression which is useful in the process of developing products for the treatment and prevention of human disease and which will be utilized hereunder; and WHEREAS, Helicon has control of certain CSHL proprietary technology through a license from CSHL which license is for identifying the effect of compounds on genes and gene expression which is useful in the process of developing products for the treatment and prevention of human disease and which will be utilized hereunder; and WHEREAS, Roche has the capability to undertake research for the discovery and evaluation of agents for treatment of disease and also the capability for clinical analysis, manufacturing and marketing of such agents; and WHEREAS, Roche and Helicon wish to collaborate in research to identify and develop human drug products; 3 NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows: 1. Definitions Whenever used in this Agreement, the capitalized terms defined in this Article 1 shall have the meanings specified. 1.1 "Affiliate" means any corporation or other legal entity owning, directly or indirectly, fifty percent or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting securities of Roche or Helicon; any corporation or other legal entity fifty percent or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting rights of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by Roche or Helicon or any corporation or other legal entity fifty percent or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting rights of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by a corporation or other legal entity which owns, directly or indirectly, fifty percent or more of the voting capital shares or similar voting securities of Roche or Helicon or any corporation or other legal entity which is directly or indirectly under common control by Roche or Helicon through common share holdings. The term Affiliate does not include Genentech Inc., 460 Point San Bruno Boulevard, South San Francisco, California USA, unless Roche explicitly opts for such inclusion by giving written notice to Helicon. 1.2 "Allocated Overhead" for CSHL means its indirect cost allocated to the Research Program, which allocated indirect cost shall be ** for each dollar of allowable direct cost; and for Helicon and OSI means the amount of overhead, including general and administrative costs, determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, incurred by Helicon and OSI and allocated to the Research Program. Such allocation by Helicon, OSI and CSHL, as the case may be, shall be in the same - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -2- 4 proportion that the total man-hours of work performed in the Research Program bears to the total man-hours of work performed in the respective research programs of Helicon, OSI and CSHL, or such other appropriate allocation basis or overhead recovery basis that may be agreed in writing between the parties. 1.3 "Research Program" has the meaning set forth in Sections 2.1 and 2.2. 1.4 "Effective Date" is July 1, 1997, provided that the licenses referred to hereinabove from OSI to Helicon and from CSHL to Helicon are then in effect and the Research Plan under Section 2.1 has been approved by the parties. 1.5 "Contract Period" means the period beginning at the Effective Date and continuing for three (3) years, unless earlier terminated as hereinafter in this Agreement provided. 1.6 "Compound" shall mean any compound, the use of which has been identified or discovered or developed by means of the Initial Identified Target (hereinafter Section 1.9) and/or an Additional Target (hereinafter Section 1.10) either (a) in the course of the Research Program or (b) by Roche within five (5) years after termination of the Research Program, as well as any other compound derived therefrom. 1.7 "CREB" means those ** 1.8 "Target" means the positive or negative modulation of synaptic plasticity via CREB. 1.9 "Initial Identified Target" means the CREB protein which is the subject of the initial research to be carried out under the Research Program. - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -3- 5 1.10 "Additional Targets" shall mean any ** their isoforms or homologues which modulate synaptic plasticity and which are discovered during the course of research carried out under the Research Program. 1.11 "Technology" means all technology used to identify and develop a Compound as a pharmaceutical within the course of the Research Program and includes all tangible or intangible know-how, inventions (whether or not patentable), data, clinical and preclinical results and any physical, chemical or biological materials that pertain to the development of human therapeutic products, including all laboratory notebooks, research plans, cultures, strains, vectors, genes and gene fragments and their sequences, cell lines, hybridoma cell lines, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, proteins and protein fragments, non-protein chemical structures and methods for synthesis, structure-activity relationships, computer models of chemical structures, computer software, assay methodology, processes, materials and methods for production, recovery and purification of natural products, formulas, plans, specifications, characteristics, equipment and equipment designs, marketing surveys and plans, business plans, experience and trade secrets, provided however, that Technology shall not include any of the robotics technology of Oncogene or Helicon. 1.12 "Helicon Technology" means Technology with regard to Target, Initial Identified Target and Additional Target, if any, owned or controlled by Helicon at any time prior to the termination of the Research Program as well as Technology which is developed during the Research Program including such Technology which is or was: (a) developed by employees of or consultants to Helicon alone or jointly with third parties (including OSI and CSHL), other than Roche, in the course of activities not related to the Research Program but only to the extent that Helicon is legally entitled to disclose such acquired Technology and use it in the Research Program; or - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -4- 6 (b) acquired by purchase, license, assignment or other means from third parties (including OSI and CSHL), by Helicon that would not otherwise be part of Joint Technology, but only to the extent that Helicon is legally entitled to disclose such acquired Technology and use it in the Research Program. 1.13 "Roche Technology" means Technology with regard to Target, Initial Identified Target and Additional Target, if any, owned or controlled by Roche during the course of the Research Program and Technology which is developed during the Research Program including such Technology which is: (a) developed by employees of or consultants to Roche alone or jointly with third parties, other than Helicon, in the course of activities not related to the Research Program but only to the extent that Roche is legally entitled to disclose such acquired Technology and use it in the Research Program; or (b) acquired by purchase, license, assignment or other means from third parties by Roche that would not be otherwise part of Joint Technology, but only to the extent that Roche is legally entitled to disclose such acquired Technology and use it in the Research Program. 1.14 "Joint Technology" shall mean Technology developed by either or both parties during the course of the Research Program. 1.15 "Helicon Confidential Information" means all information about any element of the Helicon Technology which is disclosed by Helicon to Roche and designated "Confidential" in writing by Helicon at the time of disclosure to Roche to the extent that such information as of the date of disclosure to Roche is not (i) known to Roche other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to Roche by Helicon, or (ii) disclosed in the published literature, or otherwise generally known to the public, or (iii) obtained from a third party that has no obligation of confidentiality to Helicon, or (iv) can be shown by -5- 7 Roche to have been developed independently by Roche after disclosure hereunder. Confidential Information shall also include all Helicon Improvements. 1.16 "Roche Confidential Information" means all information about any element of Roche Technology which is disclosed by Roche to Helicon and designated "Confidential" in writing by Roche at the time of disclosure to Helicon to the extent that such information as of the date of disclosure to Helicon is not (i) known to Helicon other than by virtue of a prior confidential disclosure to Helicon by Roche, or (ii) disclosed in the published literature, or otherwise generally known to the public, or (iii) obtained from a third party that has no obligation of confidentiality to Roche, or (iv) can be shown by Helicon to have been independently developed by Helicon after disclosure hereunder. Roche Confidential Information shall also include all Roche Improvements. 1.17 "Roche Patents" mean the rights conferred upon Roche from the patents and patent applications owned and/or controlled by Roche, both foreign and domestic, covering inventions resulting from the Research Program including those inventions which are directed to or result from using the Initial Identified Target and any Additional Target licensed by Roche under Section 5.1 and which inventions were made during the course of Research Program and for five (5) years thereafter. 1.18 "Helicon Patents" mean the rights conferred upon Helicon from the patents and patent applications owned and/or controlled by Helicon both foreign and domestic (i) covering inventions resulting from the Research Program and/or (ii) any invention made prior to the beginning of Research Program including those inventions which are directed to or result from using the Initial Identified Target and any Additional Target. 1.19 "Joint Patents" shall mean those patents and patent applications included within either or both the Roche Patents or Helicon Patents which are jointly owned by both Roche and Helicon and shall include all rights under said patents and patent applications both foreign and domestic. -6- 8 1.20 "Valid Claim" means a claim of an issued Roche Patent, Helicon Patent or Joint Patent so long as such claim shall not have been disclaimed by both Roche and Helicon or shall not have been held invalid in a final decision rendered by a tribunal of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal has been or can be taken. 1.21 "Improvements" shall mean any and all improvements to Technology whether patentable or not or subject to other forms of protection, which improvements are owned or controlled by Helicon during Research Program and for five (5) years after termination of Research Program. 1.22 "Product" means any product containing or consisting of Compound, which product is sold for the prevention, treatment or management of any disease state in a human patient or any other human therapeutic indication which relates to the Initial Identified Target and/or any Additional Target licensed to Roche under Section 5.1. 1.23 "Event of Termination" has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2. 1.24 "Funding Payments" has the meaning set forth in Article 3. 1.25 "Person" means any individual, estate, trust, partnership, joint venture, association, firm, corporation, company, or other entity. 1.26 "Research Committee" has the meaning specified in Section 2.4. 1.27 "Net Sales" means the gross amount invoiced by Roche or any Affiliate or sublicensee of Roche for arm's length sales to a third party or parties of Products, less deduction of returns (including withdrawals and recalls), rebates (price reductions, including Prime Vendor, Medicaid and similar types of rebates e.g. chargebacks), volume (quantity) discounts, discounts granted at the time of invoicing, sales taxes and other taxes directly linked to and included in the gross sales amount as computed on a -7- 9 product by product basis for the countries concerned (hereinafter "Adjusted Gross Sales"). In addition, from Adjusted Gross Sales, there shall be a lump sum deduction of 6 % (six percent) for those sales related to deductions which are not accounted for on a product-by-product basis (e.g. outward freights, postage charges, transportation insurance, packaging material for dispatch of goods, custom duties, discounts granted later than at the time of invoicing, and cash discounts). 1.28 In the terms defined herein, the singular shall include the plural and vice versa. 2. Collaborative Research Program 2.1 Research Plan The plan for the first year of Research Program will be approved by the parties prior to the Effective Date. The plan for the following year shall be prepared and approved by the Research Committee prior to the end of the first year and the plan for each successive year shall be prepared and approved by the Research Committee prior to the end of the last year covered by any then existing plan. 2.2. Term of Research Program (a) The Research Program shall last for a period of three years beginning at the Effective Date. The Research Program can be prolonged on a yearly basis upon mutual written agreement. Either party can announce its intention of prolongation by giving written notice to the other party at least six months prior to the end of the three year period of the Research Program. -8- 10 (b) At the end of a two-(2)-year-period from the beginning of the Research Program Roche shall have the option to terminate the Research Program by giving written notice to Helicon at least six (6) months prior to the end of said two-year period. In addition, if the milestones agreed to by the Research Committee have not been achieved by Helicon by the date required in the Research Program for a reason not attributable to Roche, then Roche shall have the right to terminate the Agreement by giving ninety (90) days prior written notice. (c) At the end of the Research Program Roche shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at any time, provided however, that such termination shall not affect any and all rights and royalty obligations by Roche hereunder. 2.3. Exclusivity (a) Helicon agrees that during the Contract Period neither Helicon nor any of its Affiliates shall conduct research itself or sponsor any other research, or engage in any research sponsored by any Person not a party to this Agreement, if the research relates to the Initial Identified Target or any Additional Target licensed by Roche under Section 5.1, unless agreed to by the Research Committee. If Helicon becomes aware during the Contract Period of an opportunity to sponsor other research having any of the objectives of the Research Program or to engage in such research sponsored by a Person that is not a party to this Agreement, it shall promptly notify Roche of such opportunity, and Roche and Helicon shall consider whether such opportunity can be incorporated into the Research Program or otherwise used to further the purposes of the Research Program to their mutual advantage. (b) If Roche becomes, during the Contract Period, aware of Roche and/or its Affiliates conducting or sponsoring research or engaging in research sponsored by any person not a party to this Agreement and, if the research relates to the Initial Identified Target or any Additional Target, Roche shall notify Helicon of such research and -9- 11 Helicon and Roche shall consider whether such research can be incorporated into the Research Program or otherwise used to further the purpose of the Research Program to their mutual advantage. If Roche becomes aware during the Contract Period of an opportunity to sponsor other research having any of the objectives of the Research Program or to engage in such research sponsored by a Person that is not a party to this Agreement, it shall promptly notify Helicon of such opportunity, and Roche and Helicon shall consider whether such opportunity can be incorporated into the Research Program or otherwise used to further the purposes of the Research Program to their mutual advantage. If it is decided that such other research, which relates to the Initial Identified Target or any Additional Target, shall not be incorporated into Research Program, Roche agrees that said other research shall not be carried out by anyone with or under the direct supervision of anyone with access to Helicon Confidential Information. 2.4 Research Committee 2.4.1 Purpose The parties shall establish a Research Committee for the following purposes: (a) to review and evaluate progress under the plan for the Research Program; (b) to direct the implementation of the Research Plans as defined in Section 2.1; (c) to modify the Research Plans as appropriate, and to coordinate and monitor publication of research results obtained from the exchange of information and materials that relate to the Research Program; -10- 12 (d) to develop each yearly research plan, to establish and review budgets and use of research funds, and to decide the amount of any additional Funding Payment under Section 3.1.6; (e) to identify from time to time Roche Patents, Helicon Patents and Joint Patents. 2.4.2 Membership Roche and Helicon each shall appoint, in its sole discretion, four members to the Research Committee. Substitutes may be appointed at any time. The members initially shall be: Roche Appointees: Helicon Appointees: ** ** 2.4.3 Chair The Research Committee shall be co-chaired by one of the members appointed by Roche and by one of the members appointed by Helicon. The co-chairs shall work together to establish the agenda for meetings and to coordinate the Research Program and follow-up actions. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -11- 13 2.4.4 Meetings The Research Committee shall meet at least four times per year, at places and on dates selected by each party in turn. Representatives of Roche or Helicon or both, in addition to members of the Research Committee, may attend such meetings at the invitation of either party. 2.4.5 Minutes The Research Committee shall keep accurate minutes of its deliberations which record all proposed decisions and all actions recommended or taken. The minutes shall be delivered to all Research Committee members within five (5) working days after each meeting. The party hosting the meeting shall be responsible for the preparation of the minutes. Draft minutes shall be edited by the co-chairs and shall be issued in final form only with the co-chairs' approval and agreement. 2.4.6 Decisions Each member of the Research Committee shall have one vote and decisions by the Research Committee shall be made by consensus. Any disagreement which cannot be resolved by consensus of the Research Committee shall be referred to appropriate heads of research of Roche and Helicon. If a disagreement is still unsolved, Roche shall make the final decision in its sole discretion and in good faith. 2.4.7 Expenses Roche and Helicon shall each bear all expenses of their respective members related to the participation on the Research Committee. -12- 14 2.4.8 Subcommittees The Research Committee shall have authority to appoint subcommittees and delegate to such subcommittees powers and duties determined by the Research Committee. 2.5 Reports and Materials 2.5.1 Reports During the Research Program, Helicon shall furnish to the Research Committee: (a) written summary reports within fifteen (15) days after the end of each three-month period, commencing on the Effective Date, describing its progress under the Research Program; and (b) comprehensive written reports within thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar year, describing in detail the work accomplished by it under the Research Program during the year and discussing and evaluating the results of such work. 2.5.2 Materials Helicon and Roche shall, during the Contract Period as a matter of course as directed by the Research Committee or upon each other's oral or written request, furnish to each other samples of biochemical, biological or synthetic chemical materials (hereafter "Materials") which are part of the Joint Technology and which are necessary for each party to carry out its responsibilities under the Contract Period Research. To the extent that the quantities of Materials requested by either party exceed the quantities set forth in the Contract Period Research plan, the requesting party -13- 15 shall reimburse the other party for the reasonable costs of such Materials if they are furnished and if reimbursement is requested. 2.6 Laboratory Facilities and Personnel Helicon and/or OSI and Cold Spring Harbor shall provide suitable laboratory facilities, equipment and personnel for the work to be done by Helicon in carrying out the Research Program. 2.7 Diligent Efforts Roche and Helicon each shall use diligent efforts to achieve the objectives of the Research Program. 2.8 Abandonment of Initial Identified Target and Additional Targets (a) In the event that Roche within five years after termination of the Research Program does not identify, discover or develop any Compound using either the Initial Identified Target or an Additional Target licensed by Roche under Section 5.1 then the Initial Identified Target and all such Additional Targets shall be deemed abandoned and ROCHE shall grant to Helicon a non-exclusive license to use such abandoned Initial Identified Target and Additional Targets for its own purposes. In the event that Helicon identifies a Compound using an abandoned Initial Identified Target or Additional Target, Roche and Helicon shall use their best efforts to negotiate an agreement granting Helicon an exclusive license to said abandoned Initial Identified Target or Additional Target. (b) In the event ROCHE identifies, discovers or develops a Compound but does not make, use, import or sell any Product, then ROCHE shall grant to Helicon a right of first refusal for an exclusive license with the right to -14- 16 sublicense for such Compound under the terms and conditions as otherwise would have been applied to Roche. 3. Funding of the Sponsored Research Program 3.1 Contract Period Funding Roche shall pay Helicon's total actual research costs less OSI's contribution of services worth ** during the first year (including those incurred by OSI and CSHL), in carrying out plan for the Research Program, plus Allocated Overhead (the "Funding Payments"); provided, however, that the total amount of Funding Payments for the first and second years after the Effective Date (including those incurred by OSI and CSHL) shall be determined according to section 3.1.1 and shall not exceed ** and ** respectively. Total amounts of funding for year three will be determined according to Section 3.1.1 but in no case will such funding be less than ** and shall not be greater than the amount agreed by Research Committee as set forth in Section 3.1.1. 3.1.1 Prior to the beginning of each calendar year (or part thereof) during the term of Research Program, the Research Committee shall approve a budget which shall set forth the work to be accomplished during each calendar quarter and the Funding Payments to be made. The budget so created will be in a form and detail as the Research Committee shall determine and shall be delivered to both parties in time to be included in each party's internal budgeting process. 3.1.2 All Funding Payments shall be made quarterly in advance for work scheduled to be performed by Helicon during any calendar quarter, against Helicon's invoice for such budgeted amount which shall provide a pool of resources to be utilized on the Research Program as directed by the Research Committee. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -15- 17 Within thirty (30) days of the close of a calendar quarter, Helicon shall invoice Roche for the amount due for the next quarter. If actual expenditures as approved in advance by the Research Committee exceed the prepayment, Roche shall pay Helicon the difference within thirty (30) days upon the date of the invoice. If the prepayment as approved in advance by the Research Committee for a given calendar quarter is in excess of actual expenditures incurred for the corresponding calendar quarter, then the excess of amount shall be taken into account when identifying the prepayment due and invoiced in advance for the next calendar quarter. 3.1.3 The amount of the Funding Payment for each quarter shall be based on the work in progress pursuant to the Contract Period Research plan any residual Funding Payment from the previous calendar quarter and the associated annual budget; provided, however, that the aggregate amount of Funding Payments made in any calendar year shall not exceed the amounts set forth in Section 3.1. 3.1.4 Each Funding Payment shall be paid on the first day of the quarter or thirty (30) days after receipt of invoice, whichever is later. 3.1.5 Helicon shall keep for three (3) years from the expiration of this Agreement complete and accurate records of its expenditures of Funding Payments received by it. The records shall conform to generally accepted accounting principles as applied to a similar company similarly situated. Roche shall have the right at its own expense during the term of this Agreement and during the subsequent three-year period to obtain from the independent certified public accountant employed by Helicon an audit of said records to verify the accuracy of such expenditures, pursuant to the Research Program. Helicon shall make its records available for inspection by the independent certified public accountant during regular business hours at the place or places where such records are customarily kept, upon reasonable notice from Roche to the extent reasonably necessary to verify the accuracy of the expenditures and required reports. This right of inspection shall not be exercised more than once in any calendar year and not more than once with respect to records covering any specific period of time. -16- 18 Roche agrees to hold in strict confidence all information concerning such expenditure, other than their total amounts, and all information learned in the course of any audit or inspection, except to the extent that it is necessary for Roche to reveal the information in order to enforce any rights it may have pursuant to this Agreement or if disclosure is required by law. The failure of Roche to request verification of any expenditures before or during the three-year period shall be considered acceptance of the accuracy of the invoices for such expenditures, and Helicon shall have no obligation to maintain any records pertaining to such report or statement beyond the three-year period. 3.1.6. In the event Roche should exercise its right to select any Additional Target according to Section 5.1(c), in such a case there shall be an additional Funding Payment by Roche the amount of which shall be decided in good faith by the Research Committee. 4. Treatment of Confidential Information 4.1 Confidentiality 4.1.1 Roche and Helicon recognize that the other's Confidential Information constitutes highly valuable proprietary, confidential information. Subject to the disclosure obligations set forth in Sections 4.3 and 4.4 and publication rights set forth in Section 4.2, (i) Roche agrees that during the period of the Research Program and for five (5) years thereafter, it will keep confidential, and will cause its Affiliates to keep confidential, all Helicon Confidential Information, nor shall Roche or any of its Affiliates use Helicon Confidential Information except as expressly permitted in this Agreement and (ii) Helicon agrees that for the longer of (a) the period of the Research Program and five (5) years thereafter or (b) five (5) years from the date of disclosure to Helicon, it will keep confidential, and will cause its Affiliates to keep confidential, all Roche Confidential Information, nor shall Helicon or any of its Affiliates use Roche Confidential Information except as expressly permitted in this Agreement. -17- 19 4.1.2 Roche and Helicon acknowledge that the Roche and Helicon Confidential Information is highly valuable, proprietary, confidential information, and each party agrees that disclosure of the other party's Confidential Information to any officer, employee, agent, consultant or to any of its Affiliates shall be made only if and to the extent necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this Agreement and shall be limited to the maximum extent possible consistent with such responsibilities. Each party agrees not to disclose the other's Confidential Information to any third parties (other than consultants) under any circumstance without written permission. Both parties shall take such action, and shall cause its Affiliates to take such action, to preserve the confidentiality of each other's Confidential Information as they would customarily take to preserve the confidentiality of their own confidential information. 4.1.3 Each party represents that all of its employees participating in the Research Program who shall have access to the other party's Confidential Information are bound, by agreement to maintain such information in confidence. Consultants must be similarly bound. 4.2 Publication Section 4.1 to the contrary notwithstanding, the results obtained in the course of the Research Program may be submitted for publication following scientific review by the Research Committee, Roche's and Helicon's management. Either party including CSHL shall provide the Research Committee, Roche's and Helicon's management, as the case may be with manuscripts regarding the work in progress or completed projects under the Research Program at least thirty (30) days prior to submission of such manuscripts for publication to enable Roche and Helicon to take appropriate action regarding patent protection for any inventions or improvements described in such manuscripts. -18- 20 Roche and Helicon shall notify each other or CSHL, as the case may be within thirty (30) days of receipt of such manuscripts whether Roche or Helicon desire to file patent applications on any inventions contained in the manuscripts. In the event of such notification any submission for publication or other disclosure containing the details of such invention will be withheld for an additional sixty (60) days to ensure that such filings are made before publication or other disclosure. Submission for publication or other disclosure shall not be delayed more than ninety (90) days from receipt of said manuscripts. In any case Roche shall have the right to delete Roche Confidential Information prior to submission for publication. 4.3 Publicity Except as required by law, neither party may disclose the existence of this Agreement nor the research described in it except with the written consent of the other party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. 4.4 Disclosure of Inventions Each party shall promptly inform the other about all inventions concerning the Initial Identified Target and/or any Additional Target that are conceived, made or developed in the course of carrying out the Research Program by employees of, or consultants to, either of them solely, or jointly with employees of, or consultants to the other. This Agreement shall not be construed to obligate either party to disclose to the other any invention which is not part of Joint Technology. -19- 21 4.5 Restrictions on Transferring Materials Roche and Helicon recognize that the Materials which are part of Helicon Technology, or Joint Technology, represent valuable commercial assets. Therefore, throughout the Contract Period and for five (5) years thereafter, Helicon and Roche agree not to transfer to any third party any such Materials which constitute Technology owned solely by the other party. Additionally, throughout the Contract Period and for six (6) months thereafter, Helicon and Roche agree not to transfer to any third party any Materials which are part of Joint Technology, unless prior consent for any such transfer is obtained from the other, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, and unless such third party agrees as a condition of any such transfer not to transfer the Materials further and to use the Materials only for research purposes not directed toward the development of Products. 4.6 Permitted Use of Confidential Information Nothing contained herein will in any way restrict or impair each party's right to use, disclose or otherwise deal with any Confidential Information which: (a) at the time of disclosure is properly in the public domain or thereafter becomes part of the public domain by publication or otherwise through no breach of this Agreement by the party receiving such information; (b) the party receiving such information can establish by competent evidence was properly in its possession prior to the time of the disclosure; (c) is independently and properly made available as a matter of right to the party receiving such information by a third party who is not thereby in violation of a confidential relationship with the other party; -20- 22 (d) is information which is required to be included in Patent applications filed under Article 6 or required to be provided to a government agency in order for Roche to obtain approvals to market a Product or for Helicon to make a Product for Roche hereunder; provided, however, that no Roche or Helicon Confidential Information shall be disclosed in any such Patent application or otherwise without the prior written consent of the other party which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; (e) is information which is required to be disclosed to customers, users and prescribers of a Product or which is reasonably necessary to disclose in connection with the ethical marketing of a Product; provided, however, that no Helicon Confidential Information will be so disclosed without the prior written consent of Helicon, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld; or (f) is information required to be disclosed by law or by a court order, in each of which cases the disclosing party shall timely inform the other and use its best efforts to limit the disclosure and maintain confidentiality to the extent possible and will permit the other party to limit such disclosure. 5. Licenses and Royalties 5.1 Grant of Licenses Helicon hereby grants to Roche a worldwide license including the right to sublicense under the Helicon Patents, the Helicon Technology, the Helicon Improvements, and the Helicon rights in the Joint Technology to make, have made, use, import and sell Products and to use the Initial Identified Target and Additional Targets to identify, discover and develop Compounds in accordance with the following: (a) Products which include Compounds the use of which has been identified, developed or discovered by means of the Initial Identified Target, which license shall -21- 23 be sole and exclusive for so long as Roche is obligated to pay a royalty under Sections 6.8.1 or 6.8.2, and use of the Initial Identified Target to identify, discover and develop Compounds which license shall be sole and exclusive subject to the provisions of Section 2.8; and (b) Products which include Compound the use of which has been identified, developed or discovered by means of the first two (2) Additional Targets discovered in the course of the Research Program, which license shall be sole and exclusive for so long as Roche is obligated to pay a royalty under Sections 6.8.1 or 6.8.2., and use of the first two (2) Additional Targets to identify, discover and develop Compounds which license shall be sole and exclusive subject to the provisions of Section 2.8; provided, however, that Roche shall have advised Helicon in writing of its intent to acquire a license related to such Additional Target pursuant to this Section 5.1(b) within one (1) year of the date on which such Additional Target is sequenced sufficiently to reasonably imply function as determined by the Research Committee. Upon expiration of such one (1) year period, Roche's rights to obtain a license with respect to such Additional Target shall expire and Helicon alone shall thereafter own the entire right, title and interest to such Additional Target. In the event that the Research Committee is initially unable to make a determination as to functionality of the first Additional Target ("Deadlock"), commencement of the aforementioned one (1) year period shall be extended until the earlier of the next scheduled Research Committee meeting or 90 days from the date of Deadlock. If for any reason Roche does not obtain a license to such first Additional Target, Roche's right to license an Additional Target pursuant to this Section 5.1(b), upon the same terms and conditions set forth herein, shall apply to each successive Additional Target discovered in the course of the Research Program until such time as Roche has obtained two (2) licenses pursuant hereto. (c) Helicon hereby further grants to Roche the first right to license any Additional Target subsequent to the first two Additional Targets licensed by Roche under Section 5.1(b) including the right to sublicense under the Helicon Patents, the Helicon Technology, the Helicon Improvements, and the Helicon rights in the Joint -22- 24 Technology to identify, discover and develop Compounds and to develop, make, have made, use, import and sell Products which include Compound the use of which has been identified, developed or discovered by means of any Additional Targets discovered in the course of the Research Program. Any such additional licenses shall be granted to Roche under the same conditions as licenses granted under Section 5.1(a) and 5.1(b); provided, however, that in order to exercise such right to select any such Additional Targets there shall be an additional Funding Payment by Roche in accordance with Section 3.1.6 and Roche shall have advised Helicon in writing of its intent to acquire a license related to such Additional Target pursuant to this Section 5.1(b) within ninety (90) days of the date on which such Additional Target is sequenced sufficiently to reasonably imply function as determined by the Research Committee. 6. Sourcing statement 6.1 Roche further agrees that the packaging and promotional materials for Products marketed by Roche and on which Roche is obligated to pay royalties shall identify Helicon as a licensor, wherever such identification is not prohibited by law. Helicon hereby agrees to indemnify and hold Roche harmless from any use hereunder of the Helicon name which occurs with the consent of Helicon, provided that Roche provides Helicon with prompt notice of any such claim and grants to Helicon the exclusive ability to defend (with reasonable cooperation of Roche) and settle such claim. If only one name is allowed to be on any specific item of packaging or promotional material pursuant to governmental laws or regulations, then Roche may use its name alone on such item, without identifying Helicon as licensor. 6.2 Grants of Research Licenses Helicon and Roche each grants to the other a nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide, royalty-free, perpetual license, including the right to grant sublicenses to -23- 25 Affiliates, to make and use its Improvements for all research purposes other than the sale or manufacture for sale of products or processes. 6.3 Paid-Up License (a) Provided that Roche has satisfied all of its obligations to make Funding Payments hereunder, then subject to Section 2.8(a) and this Section 6.3(a) Roche shall have a paid-up exclusive license to use the Initial Identified Target and any Additional Target licensed by Roche under Section 5.1 to identify, discover and develop Compounds and Roche shall pay royalties in accordance with Section 6.8 for each Product containing such Compounds. If Roche's efforts after the end of the Research Program to identify, discover, and develop Compounds is: (i) less than **, and (ii) less than the equivalent of ** full-time researchers, and (iii) if Roche is not diligently developing a Product under Section 6.4, then Helicon shall have the right to terminate the license granted to Roche under this Section 6.3(a) by giving ninety (90) days prior written notice. Commencing at the end of the Research Program Roche shall furnish to Helicon written summary reports within fifteen (15) days after the end of each six-month period describing its efforts and progress under this Section 6.3(a). Such summary reports shall contain the chemical structure of each Compound which Roche is developing into a Product. (b) Provided that Roche has satisfied all of its obligations to pay royalties hereunder, Roche shall have a paid-up license permitting royalty-free manufacture, use, and sale of each Product in each country after the expiration of Roche's last obligation to pay royalties on Net Sales of each such Product in each such country. 6.4 Roche Obligations Roche shall use reasonably diligent efforts to develop Products to its commercialization. This requirement shall be deemed satisfied if Roche uses the same degree of diligence it uses with respect to products having similar potential developed - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -24- 26 by Roche outside of this Agreement. If Roche elects to discontinue either itself or through a sublicense development of a Compound, it shall so notify Helicon. 6.5 Sublicenses If Roche grants a sublicense pursuant to Article 5.1, Roche shall guarantee that any sublicensee fulfills all of Roche's obligations under this Agreement. In the event Roche or Helicon grants sublicenses under Article 5 to others to make, use, or sell products, such sublicenses shall include an obligation of the sublicensees to account for and report all Net Sales of such Products on the same basis as if such sales were Net Sales of Products by Roche, and Roche shall pay royalties to Helicon under this Agreement as if the Net Sales of the sublicensee were Net Sales of the sublicensor. 6.6 Rights to Improvements For a period of five (5) years from the termination of the Research Program, Roche shall acquire an exclusive (non-exclusive in the countries of the world in which this Section might otherwise be deemed to violate restrictive trade practices laws), worldwide, royalty-free license to any Improvements made by Helicon, but only to the extent necessary to guarantee that Roche can fully enjoy all the rights granted to it pursuant to Article 5. Helicon shall promptly and fully notify Roche of any such Improvements made by Helicon, including costs. All such Improvements shall be included within the scope of this Agreement. 6.7 Technical Assistance Helicon shall provide to Roche or any Affiliate or sublicensee of Roche, at Roche's request and expense, any assistance reasonably necessary to enable Roche or such Affiliate or sublicensee to manufacture, use, or sell each Product and to enjoy fully all the rights granted to Roche pursuant to this Agreement. -25- 27 6.8 Royalties, Payments of Royalties, Accounting for Royalties, Records 6.8.1 Patented Product Roche shall pay Helicon a royalty on Net Sales at a rate of ** for a Product containing a Compound derived/synthesized either by Helicon, Roche or jointly by both parties and covered either by a Helicon Patent, a Roche Patent or a Joint Patent. (a) In the event that Roche is faced with substantial generic competition in a given country, the amount of royalties otherwise payable to Helicon in such country shall be reduced by ** for so long as such competition continues. 'Substantial generic competition' for Product in a given country is the existence of generic competition of a product which captures 20% twenty percent or more of the sales of Product in a given country (calculated on the basis of units sold), where the Product and the generically competing product have as a pharmaceutical active agent the same Compound. (b) Roche shall pay such royalty on a country-by-country basis on sales of each Product in a given country for ten (10) years after Product having been launched in such country by Roche or until the expiration of the Helicon patent with respect to each Product in such country, whichever is longer. Helicon will not receive royalties with respect to Compounds that originated from research under research programs of Roche or its Affiliates which occurred prior to the Effective Date unless Helicon performs work on such Compounds pursuant to this Agreement. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -26- 28 6.8.2 Technology For each Product sold in a given country which is not covered by a Valid Claim of a Roche Patent, Helicon Patent or Joint Patent based on any activity under this Agreement, Roche shall pay a royalty of ** of the royalty rate according to Section 6.8.1. 6.8.3 Single Royalty The parties acknowledge that only one royalty rate, the highest one applicable, under Section 6.8.1 or Section 6.8.2 will be applicable to Net Sales of each Product. 6.8.4 Fixed Royalty Payments In addition to any royalties due under Sections 6.8.1 and 6.8.2 related to Product, Roche shall pay Helicon the following fixed royalty payments, upon occurrence of the following: - Upon filing of any IND ** - Upon commencement of any Phase III trial ** - Upon filing of any "NDA" in a European country or Japan ** - Upon filing of any NDA in the US ** - Upon approval of NDA in a European country or Japan ** - Upon approval of NDA in the US ** ** Each such fixed royalty is only due once for a given Product. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -27- 29 6.8.5 Third Party Royalties Any royalty payable to any third party including but not limited to royalties paid for licensed Compounds (other than royalties arising out of Helicon Technology or Roche Technology) shall be paid by Roche, provided that ** of such third party royalty may be offset against any royalties due Helicon under Section 6.8.1 or 6.8.2 provided that in no event royalties payable to Helicon shall be reduced by more than ** of the total royalty that would otherwise be due to Helicon under Section 6.8.1. or 6.8.2. for the relevant period. Any royalty payable to any third party arising out of Helicon Technology or Roche Technology shall be payable solely by Helicon or Roche, respectively. 6.8.6 Payment Dates Royalties on Net Sales shall be calculated quarterly as of March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 (each as being the last day of an "Accounting Period") and shall be paid by Roche quarterly within ninety (90) days after the end of such Accounting Period in which Net Sales occur. Such payments shall be accompanied by a statement showing the Net Sales of each Product by Roche in each country, the applicable royalty rate for such Product, and a calculation of the amount of royalty due. 6.8.7 Accounting The Net Sales used for computing the royalties payable to Helicon by Roche shall be computed and paid in US Dollars. For purposes of determining the amount of royalties due with respect to Net Sales in any foreign currency, the amount shall be computed generally by converting the foreign currency amount into US Dollars using - ------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -28- 30 for each month's calculation the foreign currency exchange rate on the last day of the preceding month or such other method as is consistent with Roche's internal foreign currency translation procedures, in any case, as actually used by Roche on a consistent basis in preparing its audited financial statement. Royalties on Net Sales shall be paid by Roche in US Dollars. Whenever for the purpose of calculating royalties conversion from any foreign currency shall be required, such conversion shall be made as follows: i) for Roche and its Affiliates: When calculating the Adjusted Gross Sales, the amount of such sales in foreign currencies shall be converted into Swiss Francs as computed in the central Roche's Swiss Francs Sales Statistics for the countries concerned, using the average monthly rate of exchange at the time for such currencies as retrieved from Reuters System. When calculating the royalties on Net Sales, such conversion shall be at the average rate of Swiss Francs to the United States currency as retrieved from Reuters System for the applicable Accounting Period. ii) for a Licensee in a country: When calculating the Adjusted Gross Sales, the amount of such sales shall be reported by the Licensee to Roche within thirty (30) days from the end of an Accounting Period, after having converted each applicable monthly sales in foreign currency into the United States currency using the average rate of exchange published in the Wall Street Journal (or some other source agreed upon in writing by the parties for any particular country) for the last business day of each respective month of the applicable Accounting Period. 6.8.8 Records Roche shall keep for three (3) years from the date of each payment of royalties complete and accurate records of sales by Roche of each Product in sufficient detail to allow the accruing royalties to be determined accurately. Helicon shall have the right for a period of three (3) years after receiving any report or statement with respect to -29- 31 royalties due and payable to obtain at its expense from the independent certified public accountant used by Roche for public reporting an audit of the relevant records of Roche to verify such report or statement. Roche shall make its records available for inspection by such independent certified public accountant during regular business hours at such place or places where such records are customarily kept, upon reasonable notice from Helicon, to the extent reasonably necessary to verify the accuracy of the reports and payments. Such inspection right shall not be exercised more than once in any calendar year nor more than once with respect to sales in any given period. Helicon agrees to hold in strict confidence all information concerning royalty payments and reports, and all information learned in the course of any audit or inspection, except to the extent necessary for Helicon to reveal such information in order to enforce its rights under this Agreement or disclosure is required by law. The failure of Helicon to request verification of any report or statement during said three-year period shall be considered acceptance of the accuracy of such report, and Roche shall have no obligation to maintain records pertaining to such report or statement beyond said three-year period. The results of the inspection shall be binding on both parties. 6.8.9 Withholding Taxes All amounts owing to Helicon specified in this Agreement shall be paid net of all applicable taxes, fees, and other charges excluding only taxes on Roche's income. In particular, any taxes required to be withheld by Roche under the laws of any country for the account of Helicon, shall be promptly paid by Roche for and on behalf of Helicon to the appropriate governmental authority, and Roche shall furnish Helicon with proof of payment of such taxes. Any such tax actually paid on Helicon's behalf shall be deducted from royalty payments due to Helicon. Roche will assist Helicon in minimizing the withholding tax applicable to any payment made by Roche hereunder and in claiming tax refunds at Helicon's request. -30- 32 6.9 Representation and Warranty Helicon and Roche represent and warrant to each that they have the right to grant to each other the licenses granted to them pursuant to this Agreement, and that the licenses so granted do not conflict with or violate the terms of any agreement between either of them and any third party. 7. Provisions Concerning the Filing, Prosecution and Maintenance of Patent Rights The following provisions relate to the filing, prosecution and maintenance of Helicon Patents, Joint Patents, and Roche Patents: 7.1 Helicon Filing; Prosecution and Maintenance Helicon shall have the exclusive right and obligation: (a) to file applications for letters patent on any patentable invention included in Helicon Patents or in Joint Patents which relate to cell lines, cloning of cell lines and methodologies for determining the effect of Compounds on biochemical processes; provided, however, that Helicon shall provide to Roche copies of all patent applications prior to filing for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Roche patent counsel and consult with Roche regarding countries in which such patent applications should be filed and shall file patent applications in those countries where Roche requests that Helicon file; and further provided, that Helicon, at its option and expense, may file in countries where Roche does not request that Helicon file; (b) to prosecute all pending and new patent applications included within Helicon Patents or Joint Patents those which relate to cell lines, cloning of cell lines and methodologies for determining effect of Compounds on biochemical processes and to respond to oppositions filed by third parties against the grant of letters patent -31- 33 for such applications, provided that Helicon shall also provide to Roche copies of essential documents relating to prosecution of all patent applications in a timely manner for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Roche patent counsel; (c) to maintain in force any patent applications and letters patent included in Helicon Patents or Joint Patents which Helicon has filed and is prosecuting by duly filing all necessary papers and paying any fees required by the patent laws of the particular country in which such letters patent were granted; (d) to notify Roche in a timely manner of any decision to abandon a pending patent application or an issued patent included in Helicon Patents or Joint Patents which Helicon has filed and is prosecuting. Thereafter, Roche shall have the option, at its expense, of continuing to prosecute any such pending patent application or of keeping the issued patent in force; and (e) to provide to Roche every six (6) months with a report detailing the status of all patent applications that are part of Helicon Patents or Joint Patents with Helicon being responsible for prosecution. 7.2 Roche Filing, Prosecution and Maintenance Roche shall have the exclusive right and obligation: (a) to file applications for letters patent on any patentable invention included in Roche Patents or in Joint Patents other than those under Section 7.1.(a) which relate to new Compounds and new therapeutic uses or manufacturing processes of known Compounds; provided, however, that Roche provide to Helicon copies of all patent applications prior to filing for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Helicon patent counsel and shall consult with Helicon regarding countries in which such patent applications should be filed and shall file patent applications in those countries where Helicon requests that Roche file; and further provided, that Roche, at -32- 34 its option and expense, may file in countries where Helicon does not request that Roche file; (b) to prosecute all pending and new patent applications included within Roche Patents or Joint Patents which relate to new Compounds and new therapeutic uses of known Compounds and to respond to oppositions filed by third parties against the grant of letters patent for such applications; provided that Roche shall also provide to Helicon copies of essential documents relating to prosecution of all patent applications in a timely manner for the purpose of obtaining substantive comment of Helicon patent counsel; (c) to maintain in force any patent applications and letters patent included in Roche Patents or Joint Patents which Roche has filed and is prosecuting by duly filing all necessary papers and paying any fees required by the patent laws of the particular country in which such letters patent were granted. (d) to notify Helicon in a timely manner of any decision to abandon a pending patent application or an issued patent included in Roche Patents or Joint Patents which Roche has filed and is prosecuting. Thereafter, Helicon shall have the option, at its expense, of continuing to prosecute any such pending patent application or of keeping the issued patent in force. If Helicon exercises said option, then Roche shall be granted a royalty free non-exclusive license under such patent. (e) to provide to Helicon every six (6) months with a report detailing the status of all patent applications that are part of Roche Patents or Joint Patents with Roche being responsible for prosecution. -33- 35 7.3 Reimbursement of Expenses a) Either party bears the costs for filing, prosecution, issuing, maintenance and extension of the patent applications and the patents for which it has responsibility under Section 7.1 or 7.2. b) With respect to Joint Patents each party shall bear 50% of the reasonable out of pocket costs for filing, prosecution, issuing, maintenance and extension of such patent applications and of such patents. 7.4 Legal Action 7.4.1 Actual or Threatened Disclosure or Infringement Each party shall promptly notify the other party in writing of any alleged or threatened infringement of Helicon's Patent Rights, Roche's Patent Rights or Joint Patent Rights of which it becomes aware. (a) Helicon Patent Rights: Helicon shall have the right but not the obligation to bring, at Helicon's expense and in its sole control an appropriate action against any person or entity infringing Helicon's Patent. If Helicon does not bring such action within forty-five (45) days of notification thereof to or by Roche, Roche shall have the right, but not the obligation, to bring at Roche's expenses and in its sole control, such appropriate action. Helicon Patents shall not include Joint Patents. (b) Roche Patent Rights: Roche shall have the right but not the obligation to bring at Roche's expense and in its sole control an appropriate action against any person or entity infringing Roche's Patent. If Roche does not bring such action within forty-five (45) days of notification thereof to or by Helicon, Helicon shall have the right, but not the -34- 36 obligation to bring at Helicon's expenses and in its sole control, such appropriate action. Roche Patents shall not include Joint Patents. (c) The party not bringing an action under this paragraph shall be entitled to separate representation in such matter by counsel of its own choice and at its own expense, but such party shall full cooperate with the party bringing such action. (d) Joint Patent Rights: With respect to third party infringement of Joint Patents the parties shall confer and take such action and allocate expenses and recoveries in such manner, as they may agree. In the absence of agreement, the rules applicable to Patents solely owned by Roche shall apply to Joint Patent in question accordingly. (e) Costs and Awards: The party which is not in control of any action brought pursuant to the above paragraphs may elect to contribute 50% (fifty percent) of the costs of litigation against such third party infringer by providing written notice to the controlling party within ninety (90) days after such action is first brought. If the non-controlling party elects to bear 50% (fifty percent) of such litigation costs it shall receive 50 % (fifty percent) of any damage award or settlement resulting from such action. If the non-controlling party does not elect to share such litigation costs it shall not participate in any damage award or settlement resulting from such action. 7.4.2 Defense of Infringement Claims If Helicon or Roche, any of their respective licensees or their customers shall be sued by a third party for infringement of a patent because of the research, development, manufacture, use or sale of Products, the party which has been sued shall promptly notify the other party in writing of the institution of such suit. Helicon and Roche agree to consult with each other, to attempt to agree on which defense should be taken and also to establish the proportion in which they will participate in the costs -35- 37 and expenses of the agreed defense. In the event that Helicon shall give Roche all authority to exclusively control the defense, Helicon shall give to Roche all reasonable assistance necessary to defend or settle such suit, action or proceeding. In the event that Helicon does not give Roche exclusive control of the defense, Roche shall have the right to participate in any lawsuit. 7.4.3 Third Party Licenses If Roche should determine the manufacture, use, or sale by Roche of a Product in any country would infringe a patent owned by a third party or if a Product is subject matter to an infringement claim according to Section 7.4.2. above, then Roche shall be entitled to obtain a license under such patent. If Roche obtains a license under such patent, ** of any payments made by Roche to such third party shall be deductible from royalty payments due from Roche to Helicon pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that in no event shall royalties payable to Helicon be reduced by more than ** as a result of all such deductions in any year. All such computations, payments, and adjustments shall be on a country by country and patent by patent basis. 8. Hold Harmless Roche agrees to defend, protect, indemnify, and hold harmless Helicon, its employees and its consultants who have entered into an Exclusive Consultancy Agreement with Helicon in accordance with Exhibit A of the initial Stock Subscription Agreement, from and against any liability, claim, loss, cost, or expense arising from any claim for product liability based upon Roche's manufacture, use, or sale of any Product, except where such liability is caused through negligence by Helicon, its employees or consultants. - -------------------- ** This portion has been redacted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. -36- 38 9. Acquisition of Rights from Third Parties During the Contract Period, Helicon and Roche shall promptly notify each other in writing of any and all opportunities to acquire in any manner from third parties, technology or patents which may be useful in, or may relate to the Research Program. The Research Committee shall decide if such rights should be acquired and if so, whether by Helicon or Roche. If acquired, such rights shall become part of Joint Technology. 10. Term, Extension, Termination and Disengagement 10.1 Term Unless sooner terminated or extended, this Agreement shall expire on the later of the end of Research Program or the last to expire of any obligation to pay royalties. 10.2 Events of Termination The following events shall constitute events of termination ("Events of Termination"): Failure by one party to comply with any of its respective obligations contained in this Agreement shall entitle the other party to give the party in default written notice in order to make good such default. If such default is not remedied within sixty (60) days after receipt of such notice, the notifying party shall be entitled without prejudice to any and all rights conferred to it by this Agreement, to terminate this Agreement by giving notice with immediate effect. The right of either party to terminate this Agreement as provided hereinabove shall not be affected in any way by its waiver of or failure to take actions with respect to any previous default. -37- 39 10.3 Termination If Roche terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 10.2, the license and the obligation to pay royalties as provided in Articles 5 and 6 shall continue, provided Roche wishes to continue with the license. If Helicon terminates this Agreement pursuant to Section 10.2, the license and the obligation to pay royalties as provided in Articles 5 and 6 shall also terminate. 10.4 Termination by Roche (a) At the end of a two-(2)-year-period from the beginning of the Research Program Roche shall have the option to terminate the Research Program by giving six (6) months prior written notice to Helicon. In addition, if the milestones set forth in Section 6.8.4 have not been achieved by Helicon for reasons not attributable to Roche, then Roche shall have the right to terminate the Agreement by giving ninety (90) days prior written notice. (b) Upon receipt of such notice, Helicon may, at its sole option, terminate all work under the Research Plan unless otherwise agreed with Roche. If Roche terminates this Agreement pursuant to this Section, it will make the Funding Payments which would otherwise have been due for such notice period. No funding payments shall be executed, if the milestones set forth in Section 6.8.4 have not been achieved for reasons not attributable to Roche. (c) At the end of the Research Program Roche shall have the right to terminate this Agreement either in whole or with respect to single Targets (Initial Identified Target and/or any Additional Target) licensed by Roche under Section 5.1 at any time, provided, however, that such termination shall not affect any and all rights and royalty obligations by Roche hereunder. -38- 40 10.5 Change of Ownership Should ownership or control of Helicon change due to a transaction or related series of transactions which result in the sale of more than fifty percent (50%) of Helicon's voting stock or stock equivalents being transferred to a single entity or related group of entities within six-(6)-months-period, or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of its business or the assets to which this Agreement relates, Helicon shall inform Roche in writing of the relevant event within thirty (30) days of its occurrence. If the acquiring entity, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, does not agree in writing to assume and be bound by the obligations of this Agreement by providing written notice thereof to Helicon within thirty (30) days of the date of written notice of the occurrence of the event is provided to Roche, Roche may, at any subsequent time but not later than ninety (90) days following receipt of notice of occurrence of the event, terminate this Agreement upon giving three (3) months prior written notice. However, if Roche does not terminate and the acquiring entity does not agree in writing to assume and be bound by the obligations of this Agreement, all the licenses and rights already granted to Roche shall be vested in Roche without any further consideration on the part of Roche. 10.6 Bankruptcy or Insolvency All rights and licenses granted under or pursuant to this Agreement by Helicon to Roche are, and shall otherwise be deemed to be, for purposes of Section 365(n) of Title 11, U.S. Code (the 'Bankruptcy Code'), licenses of rights to 'intellectual property' as defined under Section 101(60) of the Bankruptcy Code. The parties agree that Roche, as a licensee of such rights under this Agreement, shall retain and may fully exercise all of its rights and elections under the Bankruptcy Code. Helicon agrees during the term of the Agreement to create and maintain current copies or, if not amenable to copying, detailed descriptions or other appropriate embodiments, of all such intellectual property. The parties further agree that, in the event of the commencement of a bankruptcy proceeding by or against Helicon, Roche shall be -39- 41 entitled to a complete duplicate of (or complete access to, as appropriate) any such intellectual property, and same, if not already in its possession, shall be promptly delivered to Roche i) upon any such commencement of a bankruptcy proceeding upon written request therefore by Roche, unless Helicon elects to continue to perform all of its obligations under this Agreement, or ii) if not delivered under i) above, upon the rejection of this Agreement by or on behalf of Helicon upon written request therefor by Roche. 11. Mutual Representations and Warranties Helicon and Roche each represents and warrants as follows: 11.1 It is an entity duly organized, validly existing and is in good standing under the laws of its domicile, is qualified to do business and is in good standing as a corporation in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the ownership of its properties requires such qualification and has all requisite power and authority, corporate or otherwise, to conduct its business as now being conducted, to own, lease and operate its properties and to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement. 11.2 The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary action and do not and will not (a) require any consent or approval of its stockholders or members, as the case may be (other than that which has been obtained), (b) violate any provision of any law, rule, regulation, order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award presently in effect having applicability to it or any provision of its charter, organization agreement or by-laws or (c) result in a breach of or constitute a default under any material agreement, mortgage, lease, license, permit or other instrument or obligation to which it is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or affected. 11.3 This Agreement is a legal, valid and binding obligation of it enforceable against it in accordance with its terms and conditions, except as such enforceability may be limited -40- 42 by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws, from time to time in effect, affecting creditor's rights generally, provided such exceptions against enforceability are not in conflict with the rights provided to Roche under Section 10.5 and 10.6. 11.4 It has at the time of execution of this Agreement and will maintain during the duration of this Agreement good and marketable title to or valid leases or licenses for, all of its properties, rights and assets necessary for the fulfillment of its responsibilities and the Research Program, subject to no claim of any third party other than the relevant lessors or licensors. By their signatures hereto, OSI and CSHL agree to preserve all of the properties, rights and assets transferred or licensed to Roche under this Agreement. 11.5 Any breach of contract by OSI and CSHL shall be considered as a breach of contract by Helicon. 11.6 Helicon warrants and represents that to the best of its knowledge that it has at the time of the Effective Date no knowledge of the existence of any patent or patent application owned or controlled by a third party, which would be infringed as a result of Roche and/or any sublicensee exercising the rights granted to Roche by Helicon. 12. Covenants of Helicon 12.1 Affirmative Covenants of Helicon Other Than Reporting Requirement Throughout the Contract Period, Helicon shall: (a) maintain and preserve its existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its organization, and qualify and remain qualified as a foreign limited liability company (or other appropriate entity) in good standing in each jurisdiction in -41- 43 which such qualification is from time to time necessary or desirable in view of its business and operations or the ownership of its properties. (b) comply in all material respects with the requirements of all applicable laws, rules, regulations and orders of any government authority to the extent necessary to conduct the Research Program. 13. Notices All notices shall be mailed via certified mail, return receipt requested, or courier addressed as follows, or to such other address as may be designated from time to time: If to Roche: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. 340 Kingsland Street Nutley, N.J. 07110 Telephone: (201) 235-2165 Fax: (201) 235-2363 Attention: Corporate Secretary If to Helicon: Helicon Therapeutics, Inc. 106 Charles Lindbergh Boulevard Uniondale, New York 11553 Attention: Chief Executive Officer Notices shall be deemed given as of the date of receipt. 14. Governing Law This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. -42- 44 15. Miscellaneous 15.1 Binding Effect This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns. 15.2 Headings Paragraph headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not form a part of this Agreement. 15.3 Counterparts This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original. 15.4 Amendment; Waiver; etc. This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded or canceled, and any of the terms may be waived, only by a written instrument executed by each party or, in the cause of waiver, by the party or parties waiving compliance. The delay or failure of any party at any time or times to require performance of any provision shall in no manner affect the rights at a later time to enforce the same. 15.5 No Third Party Beneficiaries No person not a party to this Agreement, including any employee of any party to this Agreement, shall have or acquire any rights by reason of this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to constitute the parties partners with each other or any Person. -43- 45 15.6 Assignment and Successors This Agreement may not be assigned by either party, except that the parties may assign this Agreement and their rights and interests, in whole or in part, to any of their Affiliates, any purchaser of all or substantially all of its assets or to any successor corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation with or into such corporation. 16. Extended Benefits For obligations outside the United States of America, Helicon agrees that, upon notice, Roche may extend any benefit and assign any right under this Research Agreement to F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 24, 4070 Basel, Switzerland (Roche-Basel), and Roche guarantees the performance of all obligations imposed on Roche-Basel by a direct license. In no event shall such direct license require Roche-Basel to make any Funding Payments such as those described in Article 3 or any royalty payments to Helicon or any additional consideration not provided in this Agreement, as long as Roche remains obligated to make such payments. -44- 46 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized representatives. ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. AND COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY HAVE READ THIS AGREEMENT AND CONSENT TO CARRY OUT ALL OF THEIR OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE INC. HELICON THERAPEUTICS, INC. By:________________________ By: ________________________ Title:_______________________ Title: ________________________ ONCOGENE SCIENCE, INC. COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY By:________________________ By: ________________________ Title:_______________________ Title: ________________________ 44735v2 -45- EX-21 8 SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY 1 EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY Aston Molecules, Inc. MYCOsearch Inc. Applied bioTechnology, Inc. EX-23 9 CONSENT OF KPMG PEAT MARWICK 1 EXHIBIT 23 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT The Board of Directors OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.) We consent to incorporation by reference in the registration statement on Forms S-3 (No. 333-12593 and No. 333-2451) and on Forms S-8 (No. 333-06861, No. 33-64713, No. 33-60182, No. 33-38443, No. 33-8980 and No. 333-39509) of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.) of our report dated December 5, 1997, relating to the consolidated balance sheets of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly known as Oncogene Science, Inc.) and subsidiaries as of September 30, 1997 and 1996, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 1997, which reports appear in the September 30, 1997 annual report on Form 10-K of OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP Jericho, New York December 22, 1997 EX-27 10 FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE
5 12-MOS SEP-30-1997 OCT-01-1996 SEP-30-1997 8,636,634 23,198,035 1,303,646 87,974 0 34,526,032 18,128,476 10,376,190 59,585,565 4,913,416 0 0 0 222,622 52,722,246 59,585,565 1,408,918 14,777,323 635,768 26,417,398 38,493 0 27,119 (9,586,237) 0 0 0 0 0 (9,586,237) (0.44) (0.44)
EX-99 11 CAUTIONARY FACTORS 1 EXHIBIT 99 CAUTIONARY FACTORS FOR CONSIDERATION IN CONNECTION WITH FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS The following risks and uncertainties, among others, could cause OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s (the "Company's" or "OSI's") actual results to differ materially from those described in forward looking statements made in this report or presented elsewhere by management from time to time: UNCERTAINTIES RELATED TO CLINICAL TRIALS The Company has limited experience in conducting clinical trials and intends to rely primarily on the pharmaceutical companies with which it collaborates, including Novartis Pharma AG ("Novartis"), Pfizer Inc. ("Pfizer"), Hoechst Marion Roussel, Inc. ("HMRI"), BioChem Pharma (International) Inc. ("BioChem Pharma"), Sankyo Company, Ltd. ("Sankyo"), and Sepracor, Inc. ("Sepracor") for clinical development and regulatory approval of its product candidates. Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of its products, the Company or its collaborative partners will be required to demonstrate through pre-clinical studies and clinical trials that the proposed products are safe and effective for use in each target indication. The results from pre-clinical studies and early clinical trials may not be predictive of results that will be obtained in large-scale testing, and there can be no assurance that the clinical trials conducted by the Company or its partners will demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy to obtain the required regulatory approvals or will result in marketable products. In addition, clinical trials are often conducted with patients having the most advanced stages of disease. During the course of treatment, these patients can die or suffer other adverse medical effects for reasons that may not be related to the pharmaceutical agent being tested, but which can nevertheless affect clinical trial results. Various companies in the pharmaceutical industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after promising results in earlier trials. In addition, clinical trials for the product candidates being developed by the Company and its collaborators may be delayed by many factors. Any delays in, or termination of, the clinical trials of any of the Company's product candidates would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In the Company's small molecule drug discovery operations, only one product candidate has entered clinical trials. Furthermore, none of the compounds discovered using the Company's small molecule discovery technology have not yet been proven safe or effective in humans. Moreover, the Company's drug discovery assays are focused on several target genes, the functions of which have not yet been fully elucidated. As such, the safety and efficacy of drugs that alter the transcription of these genes have not yet been established. No assurance can be given that any lead small molecule compounds or diagnostic product candidates emerging from the Company's discovery and development operations will successfully complete clinical trials or receive marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") or any foreign regulatory authorities on a timely basis or at all. DEPENDENCE ON COLLABORATIVE RELATIONSHIPS The Company does not intend to conduct late-stage clinical trials or manufacturing or marketing activities with respect to any of its product candidates in the foreseeable future. The Company has collaborations with Novartis, Pfizer, HMRI, Sankyo, Sepracor, and BioChem Pharma for the development of potential drug candidates, and to date, its most advanced programs are in TGF-Beta3 with Novartis for wound healing and oral mucositis and an oncogene inhibitor with Pfizer for the treatment of certain cancers. The Company is dependent on the pharmaceutical companies with which it collaborates for the pre-clinical testing, clinical development, regulatory approval, manufacturing and marketing of its products. The Company's collaborative agreements allow its collaborative partners significant discretion in electing to pursue or not to pursue any of these activities. The Company cannot control the amount and timing of resources its collaborative partners devote to the Company's programs or potential products. If any of the Company's collaborative partners were to breach or terminate its agreements with the Company or otherwise fail to conduct its collaborative activities successfully in a timely manner, the pre-clinical or clinical development or commercialization of product candidates or research programs would be delayed or terminated. Any such delay or termination could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. 2 The Company has a collaborative research agreement with Novartis relating to the clinical development, manufacturing and marketing of the Company's recombinant protein TGF-Beta3 for various indications. Under this agreement, Novartis has the right to manufacture TGF-Beta3 for clinical development and commercial purposes for all indications. The Company and other potential licensees of TGF-Beta3 are, and will be, dependent on Novartis as the sole manufacturer of TGF-Beta3. No assurance can be given that Novartis will supply TGF-Beta3 to the Company and its licensees as needed. In addition, a substantial milestone payment to the Company by Novartis under this collaboration is dependent on Novartis accomplishing certain clinical development objectives, over which the Company has no control. Failure of Novartis to complete clinical development and obtain regulatory approval for TGF-Beta3 in one or more indications could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. The Company relies on its collaborative partners to provide funding in support of its research operations. As of September 30, 1997, the Company had received or accrued an aggregate of $81.2 million in research funding and milestone payments from its collaborative partners. The Company would be required to devote additional internal resources to product development, or scale back or terminate certain development programs or seek alternative collaborative partners, if funding from one or more of its collaborative programs were reduced or terminated. Although the Company has worked to expand its proprietary compound libraries (through acquisition of the fungi collection of MYCOsearch, Inc. and the licensing of The Dow Chemical Company's library of approximately 140,000 small molecule compounds), the Company still owns or controls the rights to only a relatively small number of the compounds that it tests in its drug discovery operations. The Company is dependent on access to the compound libraries of its collaborative partners and others in order to enhance the value of its drug discovery platforms. Failure by the Company to gain access to the compound libraries of its collaborative partners and others would restrict its ability to exploit fully its high throughput screening capabilities and would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. Disputes may arise in the future with respect to the ownership of rights to any technology developed with third parties. These and other possible disagreements between collaborators and the Company could lead to delays in the collaborative research, development or commercialization of certain product candidates, or could require or result in litigation or arbitration, which would be time-consuming and expensive, and would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Generally, in its collaborative research agreements, the Company agrees not to conduct independently, or with any third party, any research that is competitive with the research conducted under its collaborative programs. The Company's collaborative relationships may have the effect of limiting the areas of research the Company may pursue. For example, under its collaborative research agreements with its partners, the Company is prohibited during the term of the agreements from pursuing or sponsoring research aimed at the discovery of drugs which are the subject of the collaborations. However, the Company's collaborative partners may develop, either alone or with others, products that are similar to or competitive with the products or potential products that are the subject of the Company's collaborations with such partners. Competing products, either developed by the collaborative partners or to which the collaborative partners have rights, may result in their withdrawal of support for the Company's product candidates, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. All of the Company's collaborative programs with pharmaceutical companies have terms of six or fewer years, which is generally less than the period required for the discovery, clinical development and commercialization of most drugs. The continuation of any of the Company's drug discovery and development programs is dependent on the periodic renewal of the relevant collaborative partnership. Furthermore, all of the Company's collaborative research agreements are subject to termination under various circumstances. Certain of the Company's collaborative research agreements provide that, upon expiration of a specified period after commencement of the agreement, its collaborative partners have the right to terminate the agreement on short notice -2- 3 without cause. The termination or nonrenewal of any collaborative relationship could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. There have been a significant number of consolidations among large pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies. Such consolidations among these companies with which the Company is engaged in collaborative research can result in the diminution or termination of, or delays in, one or more of the Company's collaborative programs. For example, in 1995, the pharmaceutical operations of three companies with which the Company had collaborative research agreements, Hoechst AG ("Hoechst"), Hoechst Roussel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Hoechst Roussel") and Marion Merrell Dow Inc. ("MMDI") were combined in one entity, HMRI. This combination resulted in delays in the Company's collaborative programs with each of the constituent companies and a reduction in the aggregate funding received by the Company. The Company's strategy for the discovery, development, clinical testing, manufacturing and marketing of certain of its potential products includes establishing additional collaborations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to negotiate such collaborative arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all, or that such collaborations will be successful. UNCERTAINTIES RELATED TO THE EARLY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT; TECHNOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTIES To date, the Company has generated no revenue from the sale of pharmaceutical products. Except for CP-358,774, with respect to which Pfizer is conducting Phase I safety and toxicity studies, all of the lead compounds in the Company's small molecule drug discovery programs are either in the discovery or the pre-clinical evaluation phase. TGF-Beta3, which is the Company's product candidate most advanced in clinical development, remains subject to further clinical evaluation. The Company has commercialized one diagnostic product, which to date has not generated significant sales and is not expected to generate significant sales in the future. Any products resulting from the Company's development programs are not expected to be commercially available for several years, if at all. All of the Company's potential products will require significant research and development and are subject to significant risks. Potential products that appear to be promising at early stages of development may not reach the market for a number of reasons. Potential products may be found ineffective or cause harmful side effects during pre-clinical testing or clinical trials, fail to receive necessary regulatory approvals, be difficult to manufacture on a large scale, be uneconomical to produce, fail to achieve market acceptance or be precluded from commercialization by proprietary rights of third parties. There can be no assurance that the Company's or its collaborative partners' product development efforts will be successfully completed, that required regulatory approvals will be obtained or that any products, if introduced, will be successfully marketed or achieve customer acceptance. The Company's live-cell assays are novel as a drug discovery method and have not yet been shown to be successful in the development of any commercialized drug. Furthermore, the Company's drug discovery assays are focused on several target genes and other molecular targets, the functions of which have not yet been fully elucidated. There can be no assurance that the Company's live-cell assay technology will result in lead compounds that will be safe and efficacious. Development of new pharmaceutical products is highly uncertain, and no assurance can be given that the Company's drug discovery technology will result in any commercially successful products. UNCERTAINTY OF FUTURE PROFITABILITY OSI has had net operating losses since its inception in 1983. At September 30, 1997, the Company's accumulated deficit was approximately $45.7 million. The Company's losses have resulted principally from costs incurred in research and development, and from general and administrative costs associated with the Company's operations. These costs have exceeded the Company's revenues, which to date have been generated principally from collaborative research agreements. OSI expects to incur substantial additional operating expenses over the next several years as a result of increases in its expenses for research and development, including enhancements in its drug discovery technologies, and with respect to its internal proprietary projects and co-ventures with pharmaceutical companies. If the Company does not obtain additional third party funding for such expenses, the -3- 4 Company expects that such expenses will result in increased losses from operations. OSI does not expect to generate revenues from the sale of its small molecule products for several years. The Company currently has limited sales of only one diagnostic product. The Company's future profitability depends, in part, on its collaborative partners obtaining regulatory approval for products derived from its collaborative research efforts, the Company's collaborative partners successfully producing and marketing products derived from technology or rights licensed from the Company, and the Company's entering into agreements for the development, commercialization, manufacture and marketing of any products derived from the Company's internal proprietary programs. There can be no assurance that the Company or its collaborative partners will obtain required regulatory approvals, or successfully develop, commercialize, manufacture and market product candidates or that the Company will ever achieve product revenues or profitability. NEED FOR ADDITIONAL FUNDING, UNCERTAINTY OF ACCESS TO CAPITAL The Company will require substantial additional funding in order to continue its research, product development, pre-clinical testing and clinical trials of its product candidates. The Company's co-ventures with pharmaceutical companies, internal proprietary programs and operations will require a significant amount of funding that will not be provided by the Company's existing collaborative partners. The Company's strategy includes, in addition to its funded collaborations, (i) forming co-ventures with pharmaceutical companies and (ii) developing product candidates in its internal proprietary programs through early stage clinical development, before forming collaborations for the further development of such product candidates. These activities will require investment of significant funds by the Company. No assurance can be given that the Company will have adequate resources to support such existing and future activities or that the Company will be able to enter into collaborative arrangements on acceptable terms, if at all. The Company's future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including continued scientific progress in its research and development programs, the size and complexity of these programs, progress with pre-clinical testing and early stage clinical trials, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals for its product candidates, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting and enforcing patent claims, competing technological and market developments, the establishment of additional collaborative arrangements, the cost of manufacturing arrangements, commercialization activities, and the cost of product in-licensing and strategic acquisitions, if any. The Company evaluates on an ongoing basis potential collaborative arrangements with third parties and acquisitions of companies or technologies that may complement its business. The Company intends to seek additional funding through arrangements with corporate collaborators and through public or private sales of the Company's securities, including equity securities. There can be no assurance, however, that additional funding will be available on reasonable terms, if at all. Any additional equity financings would be dilutive to the Company's stockholders. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may be required to curtail significantly one or more of its research and development programs or obtain funds through arrangements with collaborative partners or others that may require the Company to relinquish rights to certain of its technologies or product candidates, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Generally, the Company's funding pursuant to any particular collaborative research agreement is subject to reduction or termination under various circumstances. There can be no assurance that scheduled payments will be made by third parties, that current agreements will not be cancelled, that government research grants will continue to be received at current levels or that unanticipated events requiring the expenditure of funds will not occur. There can be no assurance that the Company's cash reserves and other liquid assets, including the net proceeds of this offering and funding that may be received from the Company's collaborative partners and interest income earned thereon, will be adequate to satisfy its capital and operating requirements for the foreseeable future. NO ASSURANCE OF PROTECTION OF PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY TECHNOLOGY -4- 5 The Company's success will depend in part on its ability or the ability of its collaborative partners to obtain patent protection for product candidates, to maintain trade secret protection and operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of third parties. The Company is aware of several U.S. and foreign patents owned by others who may allege infringement by TGF-Beta3, which the Company is seeking to develop in collaboration within Novartis. Genentech, Inc. has U.S. patents relating to certain recombinant materials and procedures for producing members of the TGF-Beta family, including TGF-Beta3. In addition, the Company believes that Genentech, Inc. has license rights under a U.S. Government patent relating to work done at the National Institute of Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services involving the identification and isolation of TGF-Beta1. Furthermore, Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Celtrix") has been granted a European patent relating to TGF-Beta2. There can be no assurance that the activities or products of the Company or its collaborative partners do not or will not infringe the claims of these or other issued patents held by third parties or any other patent issued in the future. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that any license required under any such patents would be made available or, if available, would be available on acceptable terms. Failure to obtain patent protection or a required license could prevent the Company and Novartis from commercializing TGF-Beta3 products. The inability of the Company and Novartis to commercialize TGF-Beta3 products could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In the cancer diagnostics area, the Company has an issued U.S. patent and a granted European patent relating to an assay which the Company in collaboration with Bayer, is seeking to develop for the detection of a protein encoded by the neu oncogene ("neu") in serum. The U.S. Patent Office has declared an interference between the Company's issued U.S. Patent and a pending patent application owned by Chiron Diagnostics Inc. ("Chiron"). In addition, Chiron has filed an opposition against the corresponding granted European patent. These legal proceedings, if not settled, could result in substantial legal expenses being incurred by the Company. Also, the Company cannot predict whether it would prevail in these proceedings. If the Company does not prevail, it may not be able to commercialize its assay for neu in serum without a license from Chiron, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. The patent positions of pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, including OSI, are generally uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. There can be no assurance that any of the Company's pending patent applications will be approved, that the Company will develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable, that any patents issued to the Company or its licensors will provide a basis for commercially viable products or will provide the Company with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties, or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to do business. In addition, patent law relating to the scope of claims in the technology fields in which the Company operates is still evolving. The degree of future protection for the Company's proprietary rights, therefore, is uncertain. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that others will not independently develop similar or alternative technologies, duplicate any of the Company's technologies, or, if patents are issued to the Company, design around the patented technologies developed by the Company. In addition, the Company could incur substantial costs in litigation if it is required to defend itself in patent suits brought by third parties or if it initiates such suits. The extent to which efforts by other researchers have resulted or will result in patents and the extent to which the issuance of patents to others would have a material adverse effect on the Company or would force the Company or its collaborative partners or other licensees to obtain licenses from others, if available, is currently unknown. Generally, the Company's royalties on any commercialized products could be reduced by up to 50% if its licensees or collaborative partners are required to obtain such licenses. There can be no assurance that the Company's products, operations or technology will not infringe upon the rights of any third party. The Company relies on trade secrets to protect technology where patent protection is not believed to be appropriate or obtainable. The Company has entered, and will continue to enter, into confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants, licensors and collaborative partners. There can be no assurance, however, that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise -5- 6 gain access to the Company's trade secrets, that such obligations of confidentiality will be honored or that the Company will be able to effectively protect its rights to proprietary information. COMPETITION AND RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL OBSOLESCENCE The pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostics industries are intensely competitive, and the Company faces, and will continue to face, intense competition from organizations such as large pharmaceutical companies, diagnostic companies, biotechnology companies, academic and research institutions and government agencies. The Company is subject to significant competition from industry participants who are pursuing the same or similar technologies as those which constitute the Company's technology platform and from organizations that are pursuing pharmaceutical products or therapies or diagnostic products that are competitive with the Company's potential products. Most of the organizations competing with the Company have greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities, and greater experience in drug discovery and development, obtaining regulatory approval and pharmaceutical product manufacturing and marketing. The Company's major competitors include fully integrated pharmaceutical companies, such as Merck & Co., Inc., Glaxo Wellcome Inc. and Smith Kline Beecham, that have extensive drug discovery efforts and are developing novel small molecule pharmaceuticals, as well as numerous smaller companies. The Company's technology platform consists principally of utilizing genetically engineered live cells, gene transcription technologies and high throughput drug screening. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and others are active in all of these areas, and there can be no assurance that other organizations will not acquire or develop technology superior to that of the Company. Ligand Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Aurora Biosciences, Inc., publicly owned companies, employ live-cell assays, gene transcription, and high throughput robotics in their drug discovery operations. Numerous other companies use one or more of these technologies. Several private companies, including Tularik Inc., Signal Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Scriptgen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursue drug discovery using gene transcription methods. Companies pursuing different but related fields also present significant competition for the Company. For example, research efforts with respect to gene sequencing and mapping are identifying new and potentially superior target genes. In addition, alternative drug discovery strategies, such as rational drug design, may prove more effective than those pursued by the Company. Furthermore, competing entities may have access to more diverse compounds for testing by virtue of larger compound libraries or through combinatorial chemistry skills or other means. These include Pharmacopeia, Inc., a publicly traded company, CombiChem, Inc. and ArQule, Inc., all of which have major collaborations with leading pharmaceutical companies. There can be no assurance that the Company's competitors will not succeed in developing technologies or products that are more effective than those of the Company or that would render the Company's products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. With respect to the Company's small molecule drug discovery programs, other companies have potential drugs in clinical trials to treat all the disease areas for which the Company is seeking to discover and develop drug candidates. These competing drug candidates are further advanced in clinical development than are any of the Company's potential products in its small molecule programs and may result in effective, commercially successful products. Even if the Company and its collaborative partners are successful in developing effective drugs, there can be no assurance that the Company's products will compete effectively with such products. No assurance can be given that the Company's competitors will not succeed in developing and marketing products either that are more effective than those that may be developed by the Company and its collaborators or that are marketed prior to any products developed by the Company or its collaborators. With respect to its efforts to develop TGF-Beta3 for various indications, the Company is aware of competing growth factor proteins in clinical trials, and competing treatment regimens, for wound healing indications. Platelet Derived Growth Factor ("PDGF") for diabetic skin ulcers, under development by Chiron Corporation and Johnson & Johnson, has completed Phase III clinical trials in the U.S. Chiron Corporation and Johnson & Johnson have announced that they intend to file a Product Licensing Application ("PLA") for PDGF with the FDA and in July 1997, an FDA advisory panel recommended approval. Fibroblast growth factor ("FGF") for chronic dermal ulcers, under development by Scios Nova Inc. and Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., is in Phase -6- 7 III clinical trials in Japan. TGF-Beta2 for leg ulcers, under development by Genzyme Corp. and Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is in Phase II clinical trials in the U.S. No assurance can be given that the Company and Novartis will successfully develop TGF-Beta3 for any indication, including wound healing. Furthermore, if any of the competing growth factor product candidates listed above or other growth factors prove to be effective for wound healing indications, there can be no assurance that any TGF-Beta3 product developed by the Company will be able to compete effectively with such product or products. Other competing approaches to the treatment of chronic wounds include comprehensive service-based patient centers, which are dedicated to intensive wound management. These centers may include the use of autologous growth factor therapy, in which extracts prepared from the patient's own platelets are used to treat the wounds. Surgical intervention is also frequently employed, which may involve partial amputation and/or surgical revascularization. The use of skin grafts to treat wounds, either autografts (skin from elsewhere on the same patient) or cultured allografts, are also being investigated by several companies, including Advanced Tissues Sciences, Inc. and Organogenesis, Inc. Organogenesis, Inc. presently has an application for Apligraft(TM), a treatment for wounds after autografting, pending premarket approval. No assurance can be given that TGF-Beta3 will prove to be safe and effective or will compete successfully against current and emerging therapies for any particular clinical indication. The Company will, for the foreseeable future, rely on its collaborative partners for pre-clinical evaluation and clinical development of its potential products and manufacturing and marketing of any products. In addition, the Company relies on its collaborative partners for support in its drug discovery operations. It is likely that all of the pharmaceutical companies with which the Company has collaborations are conducting multiple product development efforts within each disease area. Generally, the Company's collaborative research agreements do not restrict a party from pursuing competing internal development efforts based on reasonable commercial judgment and other factors. Any product candidate of the Company, therefore, may be subject to competition with a potential product under development by the pharmaceutical company with which the Company is collaborating in connection with such product candidate. Biotechnology and related pharmaceutical technology have undergone rapid and significant change. The Company expects the technology associated with the Company's research and development will continue to develop rapidly, and the Company's future success will depend in large part on its ability to maintain a competitive position with respect to this technology. Rapid technological development by the Company or others may result in compounds, products or processes becoming obsolete before the Company recovers any expenses it incurs in connection with developing such products. GOVERNMENT REGULATION; NO ASSURANCE OF REGULATORY APPROVAL Prior to marketing by a collaborative partner, any new drug discovered by the Company must undergo an extensive regulatory approval process in the U.S. and other countries. This regulatory process, which includes pre-clinical testing and clinical trials, and may include post-marketing surveillance, of each compound to establish its safety and efficacy, can take many years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. Data obtained from pre-clinical and clinical activities are susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. In addition, delays or rejections may be encountered based upon changes in FDA policies for drug approval during the period of product development and FDA regulatory review of each submitted new drug application ("NDA") in the case of new pharmaceutical agents, or PLA in the case of a biologic, such as the Company's TGF-Beta3 product candidate. Similar delays may also be encountered in the regulatory approval of any diagnostic product. Such delays may also be encountered in obtaining regulatory approval in foreign countries. There can be no assurance that regulatory approval will be obtained for any drugs discovered, or diagnostic products developed, by the Company. Furthermore, regulatory approval may entail limitations on the indicated use of the drug. Even if regulatory approval is obtained, a marketed product and its manufacturer are subject to continuing review. Discovery of previously unknown problems with a product of the Company or its manufacturer may have adverse effects on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations, including withdrawal of -7- 8 the product from the market. Violations of regulatory requirements at any stage, including pre-clinical testing and clinical trials, the approval process or post-approval, may result in various adverse consequences to the Company, including the FDA's delay in approving or its refusal to approve a product, withdrawal of an approved product from the market and the imposition of criminal penalties against the manufacturer and NDA holder. Although Pfizer submitted an Investigational New Drug application ("IND") to the FDA with respect to the EGFR inhibitor CP-358,774, the Company has not submitted an IND for any product candidate, and no product candidate has been approved for commercialization in the United States or elsewhere. The Company intends to file INDs for product candidates in its internal proprietary programs, but to rely on its partners to file INDs in its collaborative programs. No assurance can be given that the Company or any of its collaborative partners will be able to conduct clinical testing or obtain the necessary approvals from the FDA or other regulatory authorities for any products. Failure to obtain required governmental approvals will delay or preclude the Company's partners from marketing drugs discovered, or diagnostic products developed, by the Company or limit the commercial use of such products and will have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. NO MANUFACTURING CAPACITY, RELIANCE ON THIRD-PARTY MANUFACTURING The Company does not intend to develop or acquire facilities for the manufacture of drug candidates or diagnostic products for clinical trials or commercial purposes, and has been, and will remain, dependent on its collaborative partners or third parties for the manufacture of product candidates for pre-clinical, clinical and commercial purposes. The manufacture of the Company's candidate products for clinical trials and the manufacture of resulting products for commercial purposes is subject to current Good Manufacturing Practices ("GMP") regulations promulgated by the FDA. The Company will rely on collaborative partners or outside contractors to manufacture its products in their FDA approved manufacturing facilities. The Company's products may be in competition with other products for priority of access to these facilities. Consequently, the Company's products may be subject to delays in manufacture, if collaborative partners or outside contractors give other products greater priority than the Company's products. For this and other reasons, there can be no assurance that the Company's collaborative partners will manufacture such products in an effective or timely manner. If not performed in a timely manner, the clinical trial development of the Company's product candidates or their submission for regulatory approval could be delayed and the Company's ability to deliver products on a timely basis could be impaired or precluded. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter into any necessary third party manufacturing arrangements on acceptable terms if at all. The Company's current dependence upon others for the manufacture of its products may adversely affect its future profit margin, if any, and its ability to commercialize products on a timely and competitive basis. UNCERTAINTIES RELATED TO PHARMACEUTICAL PRICING AND REIMBURSEMENT The Company's business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected by the continuing efforts of government and third-party payors to contain or reduce the costs of health care through various means. For example, in certain foreign markets, pricing and profitability of prescription pharmaceuticals are subject to government control. In the United States, the Company expects that there will continue to be a number of federal and state proposals to implement similar government control. In addition, increasing emphasis on managed care in the United States will continue to put pressure on the pricing of pharmaceutical products and diagnostic tests. Cost control initiatives could decrease the price that the Company or any of its collaborative partners or other licensees receives for any drugs it may discover or develop or diagnostic products it may develop in the future and have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, to the extent that cost control initiatives have a material adverse effect on the Company's collaborative partners, the Company's ability to commercialize its products and to realize royalties may be adversely affected. The Company's or any collaborative partner's or licensee's ability to commercialize pharmaceutical or diagnostic products may depend in part on the extent to which reimbursement for the products will be available from government and health administration authorities, private health insurers and other third-party payors. -8- 9 Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved health care products. Third-party payors, including Medicare, are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. There can be no assurance that any third-party insurance coverage will be available to patients for any products discovered and developed by the Company and its collaborative partners. Government and other third-party payors are increasingly attempting to contain health care costs by limiting both coverage and the level of reimbursement for new therapeutic products and by refusing in some cases to provide coverage for uses of approved products for disease indications for which the FDA has not granted labeling approval. If adequate coverage and reimbursement levels are not provided by government and other third-party payors for the Company's products, the market acceptance of these products would be adversely affected, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. POTENTIAL PRODUCT LIABILITY The use of any of the Company's potential products in clinical trials and the sale of any approved products may expose the Company to liability claims resulting from the use of products or product candidates. These claims might be made directly by consumers, pharmaceutical companies, including the Company's collaborative partners or others. The Company is currently an additional named insured under a clinical trials liability insurance policy carried by Novartis with respect to its TGF-Beta3 clinical trials in the amount of $3 million. The Company does not independently maintain product liability insurance coverage for claims arising from the use of its products in clinical trials. Insurance coverage is becoming increasingly expensive, and no assurance can be given that the Company will continue to be a named insured with respect to trials underway or obtain insurance in the future at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts to protect the Company. The Company's inability to obtain adequate liability insurance could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain commercially reasonable product liability insurance for any product approved for marketing in the future or that insurance coverage and the resources of the Company would be sufficient to satisfy any liability resulting from product liability claims. A successful product liability claim or series of claims brought against the Company could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations. -9-
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